RAC Lab VIISem-10-13

EXPERIMENT NO: 3
Aim: - To Determine COP and Tonnage capacity of a Air Conditioning

system.
Apparatus: - Compressor, Condenser, Evaporator, Capillary Tube, Ammeter,

Voltmeter.
Theory: -
Air conditioning equipment is used to maintain controlled atmospheric conditions

as per required. The controlled atmospheric conditions may be required for human
comfort or manufacturing processes of engineering goods. Air conditioning
systems are classified in two groups.
1. Packed Units
2. Central Unit
A packed unit is self-contained unit, because complete unit including compressor,

evaporator, condenser, fan motor etc. are kept in a common enclosure. Capacity of
packed or window AC is 1 to 1.5 T.R. This AC is mounted with the room which is
required for controlled atmosphere.
A window AC mainly consists of following sub-assemblies:
1. System assembly includes compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion

device, and filter.
2. Motor with blower & fan assembly includes, a double ended shaft motor, a fan
and a motor and suitable bracket for it.
3. Cabinet and air distributing assembly – it includes a cabinet as enclosure for
whole system, an air distributing system.
4. Control panel assembly – it includes the switched those required to control the
entire AC system as per the requirement, IC temperature, humidity etc.
The AC Test Rig is designed and fabricated, to determine the performance and to
study its working principle. The AC test Rig consist a 1.5 T sealed compressor unit,
a finned condenser (heating coil) and evaporator (cooling coil), a double ended
(shaft) motor to run fan and blower simultaneously and fitted on a wooden stand
and properly covered by grill. A duct is assembled along with blower unit as a
carrier of comfort air, the velocity of the air passing through the coil is measured
by using a pilot tube fitted in duct itself and connected to V-tube manometer which
is fitted on control panel. The control panel is fitted over compressor and fan-
blower assembly. Control panel consist of 1 phase energy meter to measure power
consumed by compressor, a Rota meter to measure flow rate of refrigerant pressure
gauge to measure pressure of discharge side compound vacuum gauge to measure
suction side pressure, a digital temperature indicator to measure temperature at
various places. The desired temperature find out by changing position of selector
switch with it. A voltmeter and ammeter is also fitted on control panel.
Specifications of AC Test Rig:
Compressor : Hermetically sealed compressor 1.5 T.R. with

starting and running capacitor.
Refrigerant : R – 22
Pressure gauge : 0.300 PSI
Suction gauge : - 30-0-150 PSI
Rota meter : 0-5 L L PM
Fan blower motor : 1 / 30 HP 1- 0
Condenser & evaporator : Double row finned.
Window type air conditioner
The performance of an air-conditioning system is expressed in terms of co-efficient

of performance. And COP is the ratio of net refrigerating effect and power supplied
to do the work i.e.
COP = Rn / W
Where
Rn = heat removed by system
= m. CpΔT
Where
m = mass of air supplied / minute.
Cp = Specific heat of air
ΔT = Difference in temperatures.
T1 – T2
T1 = Surrounding temperature
T2 = Air duct temperature
Mass of circulated air can be calculated by
m = Va / Vsa
Where
Va = Quantity of air supplied m3 / min.
Vsa = Area of duct x velocity of the air.
= L x b x √2{P (stag) – P (stat)} / ρ

ρ = mass density of air
P (stag) = Stagnation or total pressure.

P (stat) = Static pressure
W = Power input time and measured by energy meter reading.
Procedure: -
Switch on the power supply to system i.e. start the compressor simultaneously start
fan blower motor also. Now compressed refrigerant passing through the condenser
and after condensing. It goes to evaporator, where due to cooling effect air, which
is sucked by blower cools. After few minute the air at the outlet of air duct will
become cool at that time. And also measure the static and total pressure by using
V-tube manometer and pilot tube.
Temperature sensor details: -
1. T1 = Temperature Sensor : Fixed at Compressor Discharge Line

2. T2 = Temperature Sensor : Fixed after Condenser
3. T3 = Temperature Sensor : Fixed after Capillary Tube
4. T4 = Temperature Sensor : Inside Cooling Tank
5. T5 = Temperature Sensor : Fixed at Compressor Suction Line.
Observation Table
S. T1 T2 P stag P stat P Total No. of W = Total power consumed

No. revolution
Sample Calculation
COP = m. CpΔT / KWh = 20 x 4.187 x (12) / 245 x 3.9
And C O P = m. CpΔT / W
Precautions: -
1. Run the system for quite some time before taking readings.
2. Note down number of revolutions of energy meter carefully with the help of
stop watch.
3. Insure considerable cooled air output from air duct.
4. The system should not switch OFF immediately after once switched ON.
5. The control valve of pressure and compound gauge should open partly; when it
is required to measure pressure otherwise valves must be closed.
6. Do not twist any pipe line and handle all switches valves very carefully only as
and when required.
Result: -
Viva Questions: -
1. What do you mean by conditioning of air?
2. Explain the working principle of air conditioning system?
3. What are the different types of air conditioning system?
4. What are the various controls system used in air conditioning system?

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EXPERIMENT NO: 3

Aim: - To Determine COP and Tonnage capacity of a Air Conditioning

Apparatus: - Compressor, Condenser, Evaporator, Capillary Tube, Ammeter,

Air conditioning equipment is used to maintain controlled atmospheric conditions

A packed unit is self-contained unit, because complete unit including compressor,

A window AC mainly consists of following sub-assemblies:

1. System assembly includes compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion

Specifications of AC Test Rig:

Compressor : Hermetically sealed compressor 1.5 T.R. with

Window type air conditioner

The performance of an air-conditioning system is expressed in terms of co-efficient

Mass of circulated air can be calculated by

= L x b x √2{P (stag) – P (stat)} / ρ

P (stag) = Stagnation or total pressure.

Temperature sensor details: -

1. T1 = Temperature Sensor : Fixed at Compressor Discharge Line

S. T1 T2 P stag P stat P Total No. of W = Total power consumed

COP = m. CpΔT / KWh = 20 x 4.187 x (12) / 245 x 3.9

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