STOCK IDENTIFICATION SHEET

BR 4007
2005 Edition

This sheet is for Stock Identification purposes only and should be destroyed on receipt.

30 20 10 5
Guide to

SHIP
FIREFIGHTING
DR 4007
BR 4007

Guide to Ship Firefightiug 2005

Supersedes BR 4007 Guide to Ship Firefighting 2000

By Command of the Defence Council

 BR 4007

@ UK Crown copyright 2005

Published by the Ministry of Defence

First published 1976

Eighth edition 2005

The BR 2170 series of publications mentioned within this book is not

available outside the MOD.

SPONSOR

This publication is sponsored by the Commander in Chief Fleet. All

correspondence concerning this publication is to be forwarded to the
Operational Publications Authority:

CINCFLEET/PFSA
Fleet Staff Authors Group
Pepys Building
HMS COLLINGWOOD
FAREHAM
Hants
P014 lAS

Copied to the Lead Authority:

FLEETCO~/SOlN7NBCD
CinCFleet Headquarters
MP2-4
Leach Building
Whale Island
PORTSMOUTH
P028BY

ii
Foreword

This edition supersedes the 2000 edition (Red cover) which should be
destroyed. The 2005edition is issuedin a loose leaf format enclosedin a
2-ring binder which should be retained and re-used at each change.

Guide to Ship Firefighting, (BR 4007) is available in new entry training

establishments. It is also issued to NBCDQs and Submarine Advanced
Firefighters during their courses.

In addition, copies are held by HM Ships, Submarines and RF As. These are
to be distributed to messes and also held by departmental NBCDQs to ensure
that all prospective readers find a copy readily available.

The aim of this book is to provide, in an easily understood format, the

knowledge of fire prevention and firefighting which is taught during a PIT
Firefighting course.

For convenience, the te1111s'he', 'his' and 'him' are used when referring to
personnel, although the roles could be filled by persons of either gender.

Evelyone in the RN and RFA is a potential fire fighter and,for the safety of
their shipmates and the safety of the ship everyone must be constantly aware
of thefire hazards and be prepared to deal, effectively, with an outbreak of
fire.

iii
 BR 4007

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Causes of Fire and Principles of Extinction

Chapter 2 Fire Prevention

Chapter 3 What to do on Finding a Fire

Chapter 4 Firefighting Organisation

Chapter 5 Firefighting Equipment

Chapter 6 Personal Protection

Chapter 7 Re-entry Teclmiques in Surface Ships

Chapter 8 Re-entry Techniques in Submarines

Index
 CAUSES OF FIRE AND PRINCIPLES OF EXTINCTION

0101. Nature of Fire

Fuel, heat and oxygen must be in contact before a fire can be started.
These can be representedby the three sides of a triangle and a fire cannot start,
or continue, if one of these is absent or removed.

HEAT

Fig 1-1. Triangle of Fire

0102. Components of a Fire

a. Fuel. Fuel can be solid or liquid, which, when heated gives off
flammable vapours. Fuel can also be a gas which starts to bum when its
ignition temperature is reached. Examples are paper, wood, cardboard,
paint, oils, acetylene and propane gas.

b. Heat. Heat can be transferredby:

(I) Radiation from any heating appliance, flames or explosion.

(2) Conduction through any suitable material such as steel or

aluminium, decks or bulkheads.

(3) Convection via gases, liquids or hot air circulated through

ventilationtrunking, lift shafts, etc.

c. Oxygen. A supply of this gas, which is essential for combustionto

take place, is available in the air.

1
 Dn "UU I

0103. Types of Fire

a. The British Standard method of classifying fires is by the nature of

the fuel involved and is as follows:

(I) Class A Involving solid materials, usually of an organic nature.

(2) Class B Involving liquids or liquefiable solids.

(3) Class C Involving flammablegases.

(4) Class D Involvingmetals.

(5) Class F Involving cooking fat or oil mainly in deep fat fryers.

b. Most shipboard fires involve a variety of fuels and these

classificationsare not always appropriate. In order that the appropriate
firefighting equipment is provided at the scene of the incident (SOT!)
and the appropriate drills are initiated,shipboardfires are categorisedas
follows:

-
(1) Category A Solid Fuel Fire. Wood, paper, cardboard, fabrics
and many other similar materials.

(2) Category B - Oil Fuel Fires. Lubricating oil, hydraulic oil,

AVCAT, diesel, petrol, etc.

(3) Category C - Electrical Fire. Electricitydoes not bum.

However, when the origin of a fire is electrical (usually a fault in a
live circuit which has generated enough heat to ignite a combustible
material) it is referred to as an electrical fire, which is a warning to
firefighters. They will then take the necessary measures to locate
local circuits associated with any fire. Any circuits/ equipments
which are not under local control must be referred to HQ IISCC for
the necessary action. Once the necessary circuits have been isolated,
the fire is fought with the techniques and equipment appropriate to
the material on fire.

2
0104. Principles of Extinction

a. By cooling - the burning material is cooled below its ignition

temperature, usually by using water.

Fig 1-2. Cooling - Removal of Heat

b. By smothering - by excluding oxygen (air) from the burning material,

usually by using CO2, steam or foam.

HEAT

Fig 1-3. Smothering - Removal of Oxygen

c. By removal of the fuel - accomplished by the removal of the

combustible material or turning off the liquid fuel supply.

HEAT

Fig 1-4. Removal of Fuel

 d. By disrupting the chemical reaction of the burning process, eg by
using halon gas (BCF/BTM).

0105. Lean Flash Over and Combustibility of Smoke

When a fire starts in a compartment, the heat given off decomposes the
combustible material faster than it can bum. The smoke, full of fuel, rises to the
deckhead and as it gets hotter the three sides of the triangle, FUEL, OXYGEN
and HEAT come together, it reaches its ignition temperature and it ignites. This
is known as lean flash over. As the fire runs across the deckhead it radiates heat
downwards, decomposing combustible substances in the compartment and
starting secondary fires.

4
 FIRE PREVENTION

0201. Introduction
Fires onboard can destroy acconunodation, stores, equipment, and in
extreme cases, lives as well as the ship. Firefighting onboard is difficult and
beset with dangers. When good fire prevention drills are exercised by the
whole Ship's Company these difficulties and hazards are greatly reduced and
can be almost eliminated. If you want to keep your home intact, then avoid the
hazards of fire onboard by putting the aide memoire into practice - it is more
convenient and less dangerous than fighting fires.

0202. Fire Prevention - Aide Memoire

a. All private electrical equipment onboard must be checked safe by

the ME Department and logged.

b. Clothes and other flammables must be kept clear of electrical

heaters, hot equipment and hot systems.

c. Smokingshould only take place in spaces, and situations where it is

safe to do so. Do not smoke in your bunk. Do not smoke when
moving around the ship and especially when on rounds. Do not flick
cigarette butts over the ships side. All smoking materials must be
extinguished and placed in a suitable container, eg a steel gash bin.

d. Messdecks are to be kept tidy with all personal gear stowed in the kit
lockers, which should be securely closed.

e. Electric irons and soldering irons are to be switched off when not in
use and are to be allowed to cool before being stowed away. These
appliances must not be left unattended when they are switched on.

f. All paints and painting materials are to be returned to the Paint

Shop/store on completion of work in accordance with Ship's General
Orders (SGOs).
 BR 4007

g. All other highly flammable materials, such as solvents, aerosols,

some adhesives and liquids, gases and petrol, are to be used in
accordance with the manufactures' instructions, or current MOD
instructions, and when not required for immediateuse, are to be kept in
sealed containers. At the end of the working day, they are to be placed,
and secured, in an authorised stowage in accordance with SGOs.

h. All rags, especially wet oily ones, sawdust and wood chips, etc., are
to be safely disposed of at the end pf the working day in accordance
with SGOs.

i. Spillages of oil, paint, solvents, spirits or other flammable liquids are

to be wiped up immediately and the dirty rags disposed ofin accordance
with SGOs.

j. When any compartment is vacated all unnecessary lighting and other

electrical circuits are to be switched off. The door to any empty
compartment should, wherever possible, be kept shut.

k. The Welding and Burning Control Organisation controls the

safety/fireprevention aspects of all such operations (see BR 2000 (20) -
Ship Engineering Practices: Safety Considerations and Precautions).

1. Only safety matches are to be used onboard.

m. The use of single action cigarette lighters and the stowage of

lighter fuels (petrol or butane gas) in kit lockers is not good fire
prevention practice, and is to be discouraged.

n. When not in use all cleaning gear should be stowed in approved

cleaning gear stowages.

o. On completion of the working day all gash bins from living spaces
and waste bins from workshops must be emptied, and the waste
disposed of in a safe manner. It is recommended that gash bins and
spitkids in living spaces should again be emptied before 'pipe down'.

6
p. When in harbour, inform the OOD immediatelyif any quantities of
oil, or other flammableliquids,are observedoverside, so that action can
be initiated for their safe and timely removal in accordance with the
ship's oil pollution orders. This is most likely to occur when your own
or nearby ships are fuelling.

q. When not in use, TV sets, radios, electric fans and other similar
appliances are to be switched off and disconnected from the power
source. Care must be taken not to obstruct ventilation of such
appliances.

r. On completion of work all papers, packs and books should be

stowed in drawers, lockers or other approved stowages.

s. When 'No Smoking' is piped, or No Smoking signs are posted in

-
an area or space DO NOT SMOKE!

t. When carrying out rounds, be observant and report suspicious

smells, leaks from any pipes or tanks, any electrical machinery that
appears to be overheating and any wrongly stowed flammables. Check
for irregular stowage spaces in masts, funnel uptakes, auxiliary
machinery and other similar spaces. Report any safety/firefighting
equipment that is missing or incorrectly stowed.
 BR 4007

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

8
 BR 4007

CHAPTER 3

WHAT TO DO ON FThIDfflGA Fllrn

Raise the Alarm!

Fig 3-1. Raising the Alarm

-
0301. Raisethe alarmwith a loudvocalalarm 'Fllrn Fllrn Fllrn', givingthe
location of the fire. If a ship's internal telephone is at hand dial HQ 1/QM (999)
and report the location, size and type of fire, whether the door or hatch is open,
details of any casualties and your name, as the person finding the fire.

0302. If the Fire is Behind Closed Doors

If smoke is seen coming from behind a closed door it gives no indication
to the size or type of fire behind it. LEAVE IT CLOSED. Obtain and rig
firefighting equipment in preparation for fighting the fire. Brief the Attack Party
Leader then the I/C Main Group, who will provide you with an escort to take
you to the OOD in HQ 1/SCc.

0303. If the Door of the Compartment on Fire is Open

Raise the alarm as illustratedabove and then carry on as follows:

a. If you are wearing the correct rig, attack the fire using first aid
appliancesappropriateto the type of fire. Remember,keep lowandmake
sure you have a safe line of retreat. Brief the Attack Party Leader and
then the I/C Main Group.

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 BR 4007

b. If, after your initial attack, you are beaten back, consider rigging a
waterwallnozzleor fixedhatch waterwall,to sealthe doorlhatchto allow
a continuousaggressive attack on the fire.
Notes:

1. The rigging of a watenvoll takes at least three people.

2. Electrical isolations must be considered.

3. Do notput ship safety at risk by waitingfor a watenvall nozzle to be

supplied.

c. If a waterwaIl cannot be rigged in time to contain the fire, close tbe

door to tbe space and start preparing hoses etc. as appropriate, ready for
the arrival of members of the Main Group. Briefthe Attack Party Leader,
then the IIC Main Group.

d. Move casualties to a safe place clear of the firefighting.

e. Consider whether the fue can be prevented from spreading. If

possible carry out appropriateaction to contain it. This can be achieved
by coolingthe boundaryof the fire,removingflammablearticlesfromthe
path of the fire, stopping local ventilation and switching off local
electrical circuits.

f. Stay in the vicinity of the fire ready to brief whoever is in charge, as

follows:

(1) Where the fire is situated.

(2) What is burning.

(3) Any hazardous circumstances.

(4) Position(s) and number(s) of casualties.

(5) Achievements regarding the preparations for fighting the fire, eg

boundary cooling, equipment to hand or rigged etc.

(6) Details of electrical circuits and of any local ventilation fans

which have been switchedoff.

10
 g. On completion of the actions in paragraph f. above, go to HQ l/SCC
and brief the OOD or senior rating in charge. An escort will be provided
by the person in charge at the scene of the incident (SOTI).

0304. Rigging of Hoses and Nozzles for Fire Incidents

Each fireincidentmustbe individuallyassessed,butgenericguidancefor
the rigging of hoses and nozzles is as follows:

a. During the initial attack phase for a carbonaceous fire, if the initial
attack with extinguishers proves ineffective the early deployment of a
firefighter nozzle, used in ragged spray, may well extinguish the fire. All
internal hose baskets are fitted with firefighter nozzles. They can be
safely operated by one person and can also be used for boundary cooling
and in personal protection mode should it be necessary to withdraw from
the compartment.

b. Ifheat or smoke forces the initial attack personnel to withdraw to the

compartment door/hatch, consideration should be given to rigging a
waterwall nozzle or fixed hatch waterwall. This will allow the door/hatch
to remain open for the Attack BA wearers or first two dressed Support
Party members to continue the attack on the fire. Note however, that
extinguishers do not have the force to effectively penetrate a waterwall.
The Waterwall Operator must also be backed up when operating the
nozzle through its full range.

WARNING
FIREFIGHTERS MUST BE AWARE OF THE HAZARD OF
ELECTRIC SHOCK IF WATER IS SPRAYED ON LIVE
EQUIPMENT DURING THE INITIAL ATTACK PHASE

c. When rigging for a 3-hose re-entry, the Ship Protector hose should be
rigged first, underneath the firefighter and waterwall hoses. This will
help to minimise the problems of hoses snagging against each other
during the re-entry.

11
 BR 4007

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

12
 CHAPTER 4

FffiEFIGHTING ORGANISATION

0401. Introduction
-
A fire can occur at anytime during a ship's service in harbour or at sea
- in peacetime or in wartime. The organisation developed to deal with such
a situation is explained in this chapter. BR 2170(1) has greater detail.

0402. When a ship is at sea, all emergencies are covered by the Standing Sea
Emergency Party (SSEP). This has all the attributes of the Harbour Fire and
Emergency Party (HFEP), but is greatly enhanced by command and control
and local expert knowledge, ie MEO, WEO, CMEM, DCO. The ship will
also be called to Emergency Stations to check for missing personnel and
provide a ready pool of manpower.

0403. Harbour Fire Organisation

The Duty Part of the Watch in harbour (whether alongside or at
anchor) is the smallest unit that might be required to fight a major outbreak
of fire. Therefore, they must be organised to provide the following:

a. Specialist Personnel to maintain overall control of the incident

and safety of the ship.

b. Main Group to locate, control and extinguish the fire as quickly

as possible. It comprises the Attack Party (initial attack and attack
BA) and the Support Party.

c. Containment Party to establish the boundaries of the fire and to

contain it. This party is also used to provide a smoke boundary around
the fire. Any door used as a smoke boundary should have a sentry
placed on it to restrict the use of the door and thus reduce the spread
of smoke throughout the ship.

0404. The number of hands in each group, detailed in the following

paragraphs, are the recommended minimum (for a ship ofFF/DD size and
above). If they cannot be met, the risk of ineffective firefighting will be
increased. Whenever it is necessary to make reductions in numbers it is most
important to retain the overall concept of the organisation.

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 BR 4007

0405. To promote the effectiveness of this Fire and Emergency Party the
following actions are recommended:

a. Daily Orders should include the names of all members of the Fire
and Emergency Party and detail their specific duties within the
organisation.

b. At the first Duty Watch muster of the day, all hands are to be fully
briefed on their individual tasks and responsibilities.

0406. Reduced and Minimum Harbour Fire Organisations

When a ship is in a Naval Base, and expert firefigbting assistance is
readily available from the Local Authority Fire Brigade (LAFB) or other RN
vessels, the size of the Harbour Fire and Emergency Party (HFEP) may be
reduced. The two lower levels, Reduced HFEP and Minimum HFEP, are not
covered in this book, but are detailed in BR 2170( 1).

0407. Officer of the Day (OOD)

On taking up the duty, the OOD is to muster the Duty Watch, ensuring
that all personnel are made aware of their tasks and responsibilities within the
Fire and Emergency Party organisation. The OOD should also ensure that all
personnel are correctly dressed. Each person should wear a surcoat
identifYingthem as a member of the Harbour Fire and Emergency Party to
prevent them from being detailed for other duties.

0408. The OOD should, on hearing the pipe 'FIRE, FIRE, FIRE', proceed to
HQl to take overall control of the situation, taking into consideration the
following:

a. The possible hazards from explosives and flammable material.

b. The availability of equipment, power supplies, and fire and salvage

pumps.

c. The hazards of smoke and smoke clearance.

d. Safety of personnel, including any civilians who may be onboard.

e. Shipstability.

14
 f. Control and allocation of additional manpower.

g. Liaison with adjacent ships and outside authorities.

Note. The Duty PO may be used by the OOD to assist him in any of the
above tasks.

MAIN GROUP

0409. The precise function of the Main Group may alter depending upon the
situation and nature of the fire, but the basic philosophy remains the same -
the Attack Party must always be prepared to attack a fire immediately it is
reported and the remainder of the group then maintain a continuous and
aggressive attack on the fire.

0410. I/C Main Group Guidelines and Instructions

a. The I/C Main Group should have a thorough knowledge of the ship
and firefighting techniques.

b. The IIC Main Group should have read and understood the
following publications:

(1) The firefighting chapters ofBR 2170(1).

(2) Ship's General Orders (SGO).

(3) Ship's NBCD Orders.

(4) Harbour Fire Exercise Assessment Form (paying particular

attention to Umpire 1 section).

c. On hearing the alann, the IIC Main Group should proceed

immediately to a safe position as close as possible to the scene of the
incident (SOTI), in order to appraise the situation and ensure that an
effective initial attack is being made on the fire. After debriefing the
person fmding the fire, he will be able to establish the smoke boundary
and the Forward Control Point (FCP), and establish communications
between the FCP and HQ1.

d. The IIC Main Group should request from HQ 1, infonnation on any

specific hazards existing in the compartment on fire or in any adjacent

15
 BR 4007

compartments. This information is included on compartment Kill

Cards (Forms S3021), which are displayed outside high risk
compartments and are also held in HQ1.

e. The IIC Main Group should supervise hose running, detailing the
lengths of hose required and the type of nozzles to be used.
Firefighting hoses must be run from separate hydrants, although it is
acceptable to use a 'V' piece to supply a boundary cooling hose and
a fire fighting hose from the same hydrant. Sufficient hose must be
provided to allow the firefighters to reach all parts of a compartment.

f. The I/C Main Group must establish the nature of the fire. If there
is a possibility that it is a fueVoil fire he must ensure that the
firefighting medium is AFFF and a FB5X branchpipe is used, in
conjunction with an inline inductor, where appropriate. He must ensure
there is a sufficient supply of replenishment drums of AFFF (A 20
litre drum lasts approximately sixty seconds when using a FB5X).

g. As soon as the Support Party arrives, the IIC Main Group must
brief them on the nature, location and size of the fire, together with
other information from the Kill Cards, ie hazardous items such as gas
bottles, batteries, cadmium, etc. This brief should take place in a clean
air enviromnent where the team need not use air from their breathing
apparatus (BA).

h. As soon as the Support Party has deployed, the IIC Main Group
must ensure that the relieving Attack Party is dispatched to form a
second Support Party and to be ready for briefmg well before the team
tackling the fire is due out.

i. The I/C Main Group will debrief all firefighting teams when they
exit from the son.

j. The I/C Main Group must ensure that HQI is kept informed ofthe
current situation by giving regular situation reports (sitreps).

k. The IIC must continue to direct the Main Group's attack on the
fire. In a UK base port the Local Authority Fire Brigade (LAFB)
should arrive within five minutes. If the LAFB take over the
firefighting task, the IIC remains at the FCP and:
 (1) Liaises with the LAFB.

(2) Maintains control over RN personnel who are assisting the

LAFB by carrying out other tasks.

(3) Keeps the OOD informed of the current situation, assisting his
overall ship safety function.

0411. The Attack Party

The Attack Party consists of four junior ratings, one of whom will be
-
designated IIC. All are to be dressed in basic firefighting rig No 4 working
rig or cotton overalls, natural fibre socks, DMS boots and red surcoats. The
aim is to arrive at the scene of the incident (SOTI), with first aid firefighting
equipment, to attack the fire as quickly as possible.

a. When the alarm is raised, two previously detailedjunior rates from

the Attack Party are to attack the fire, collecting SPE(AFFF) and CO2
fire extinguishers en route. They should establish the seat and nature
of the fire, using the thermal imaging camera (TIC) if it has been
delivered by the nominated rating.

b. On hearing the alann, the other two, detailed as BA wearers, are to

don BA, firefighter's hood and anti flash gloves, and proceed to the
SOTI, carrying out a face seal check en route. They are to assist the
attack non-BA wearers, maintaining a continuous and aggressive
attack on the fire.

c. BA Controllers are to be in possession of a reliable watch and a

marker pen for the period oftheir duty. Their duties are:

(1) To ensure that BA users are correctly dressed before entry to

a fire.

(2) To control BA users before entry to, and after exit from, a fire.

(3) To be fully competent in the use of a BA control board and the

drill for BA face seal checks.

d. The BA Controller is to obtain a BA control board and enter on it

the time of the fire alarm as the 'time started to breathe' of the Attack
 BA. The BA Controller may not see the Attack BA Team prior to
their entry and must assume that their initial BA pressure, as entered
on the control board, is 160 bar (for EDBA).

e. When relieved, or beaten back and their attack on the fire has to
cease, the Attack Party is to form the second Support Party and
prepare for further flrefighting.

f. They should have no other duties while on task.

Notes:

I. Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC). The prime use of the TIC is to

locate the seat of the fire through smoke. It is also useful in search and
rescue, for identifying fuel leaks feeding a fire and spotting unexpected
hazards in smoke logged areas. Initially, the TIC is to be given to thejunior
rate IIC of the Attack Party by a member of the Containment Party, although
its use will be controlled by the IIC of the Main Group.

2. Large Compartments with More Than One Access Point. There is

a risk that, when the alarm is raised, members of the Attack Party will
proceed to different access points and jhlstrate the aim of a coordinated
attack. Provision is to be made in Ship's Orders for a standard muster point
for each major space, so that these become well known and can also be piped
when the initial alarm is raised. Simplicity is vital, therefore choice of port
or starboard passage access and forward or after door to all compartments
may be appropriate as standard operational procedures.

0412. Support Party

When the alarm is raised the Support Party is to muster, with all speed,
at the designated Fire and Repair Party Post (FRPP). The Support Party will
already be dressed in basic flrefighting rig. At the FRPP they are to don
firefighters' hoods, firefighters' stockings, feamought suits, firefighting
boots, BA, firefighters' helmets (with built-in communications) and
firefighters' gloves. When fully dressed, they are to be taken to the Forward
Control Point (FCP) by the Team Leader and are to report to the IIC Main
Group. The Support Team consists of:

. Waterwall Operator.

18
 . Firefighter,withthe appropriatenozzle.
. TeamLeader,withTIC.

. Hydrant Operator / Hose handler.

. ShipProtector(if required).

. BA Controller - Controls both the Attack Party and Support Party

BA wearers.

Note. To ensure a swift initial response, thefirst two members of the initial
Support Party may proceed to the FCP 'on air' without carlying out the
standard radio communication checks. The remainder of the Support Party
are to earlY out a communication check before reporting to the llC FCP 'on
air'.

SPECIALIST PERSONNEL

0413. Control Party

When the alarm is raised, the Control Rating is to close up in HQ1, (or
another suitable position with adequate communications should it not be
possible to occupy HQ I) to man the Incident Board and internal
communication lines. The Control Rating is to make a chronological record
of events during the incident.

0414. Containment Party

When the alarm is raised, members of the Containment Party are to
muster at a pre-arranged area adjacent to HQ1. The location of the muster
point must be included in the initial fire alarm broadcast. The duties of the
Containment Party include:

a. Establishing the immediate boundary of the fire by searching all

adjacent compartments, lockers and stowages, as well as ventilation
trunking to and from the affected area.

b. Supplying a TIC to the SOTI.

c. Removing flammable materials from the vicinity of the fire

boundary .

d. Action to limit the spread of smoke (doors, hatches and smoke

curtains), and preparations for smoke removal (authorised by HQI).

19
 BR 4007

e. Rigging of boundary cooling, monitoring of bulkhead temperatures

using the temperature monitoring system (TMS), and to implement
boundary cooling as necessary.

Note. The TMS is implementedfor pre-determined high risk compartments.

f. Applying the minimum amount of water to keep the boundary

damp, removing bulkhead linings if required.

g. Covering electrical equipment with plastic sheeting to minimise

damage and reduce risk of electrocution; obtaining permission to
isolate electrical supplies for equipment sited on the cooling boundary.

Note. Boundary cooling of compartments may become untenable; the use of

BA or selected ventilation (with permission from HQ1) may be required.

0415. WE Specialist Party

When the alarm is raised, the Duty WE Senior Rate is to close up in
HQ 1. He is responsible for:

a. Ensuring access to magazines in the vicinity of the fIre.

b. Advising the OOD on the following:

(1) Magazine and explosive safety.

(2) Movement of ammunition.

(3) Magazine fIrefIghting arrangements, spray systems and

pumping arrangements.

(4) Electronic and electrical safety in WE compartments.

(5) Internal and external communications.

c. Acting as Containment Coordinator, liaising between the rating in

charge of the Containment Party, specialist parties and the OOD, to
establish priorities for the containment task.

20
0416. Keys Rating
When the alarm is raised, the Keys Rating is to provide keys, from the
duplicate keyboard, to the lIC of the Main Group and I/C of the Contaimnent
Party, to allow access to all compartments in the vicinity of the fire. He then
returns to the containment control point.
0417. ME Specialist Party
This party is responsible for:

a. Maintaining the integrity of the ship's electrical power supplies,

and isolating electrical supplies in the area of the fire to minimise the
danger to firefighters and equipment.

b. Maintaining the integrity of the systems essential to the fire

fighting effort and isolating those systems containing hazardous fluids
(diesel, AVCAT, luboil, HP air, oxygen, acetylene, refrigerant, etc).

c. Advising the OOD on:

(l) Fixed firefighting installations for machinery spaces, paint

shop, flammable store rooms and gas bottle stowages.

(2) Pumping and salvage arrangements.

(3) Ventilation and smoke clearance.

(4) Ship stability.

(5) The technical aspects offirefighting.

0418. Breathing Apparatus Party

When the alarm is raised, the BA Coordinator organises the BA Party
to collect BA and spare cylinders to form a BA dump. The position of the
dump is to be identified by a broadcast and is to be in a smoke free area with
enough room to work in the vicinity of a charging point. The BA Party are
responsible for:
a. Provision of BA to user locations.

b. Recharging used BA cylinders.

21
 BR 4007

c. Informing the ODD of the availability state ofBA (Using the BA

Tote Board).

d. Provision and briefmg of extra BA Controllers.

0419. Gangway Staff

On receipt of the fire alann, from whatever source, a pipe is to be made
by the Gangway Staff or HQ l/SCC Watchkeeper, as appropriate, informing
the Ship's Company of the existence ofa fire, its location and where various
-
members of the Fire and Emergency Party are to muster this pipe is to be
repeated. The general alann is to be used prior to making this initial
emergency broadcast. Thereafter, the Gangway Staff are to carry out the
following:

a. Infonn the Local Authority Fire Brigade (LAFB).*

b. Establish numbers of personnel onboard.

c. Inform shore authorities. *

d. Inform adjacent ships. *

Note. Actions marked * are to be carried out by the HQl Watchkeeper if

shore telephone lines are located in HQI.

e. When agreed between the LAFB and ODD, run a guide and sound
powered telephone line from the 'on' brow to the FCP.

f. Close the gangway and control entry to, and exit from, the ship.

g. Fly a red flag during daylight hours (or a red light during hours of
darkness) at the foot of the 'on' brow, so that the LAFB can identifY
which ship requires assistance.

0420. Communications Rating

When the alann is raised, the Duty Communications Rating is to rig
a sound powered telephone between HQI and the FCP. The use of hand-held
radios should also be considered.

22
 EMERGENCIES

0421. Emergency Clear Lower Deck

As soon as it becomes apparent that a fire is more than a minor
incident, and that the Attack Party are not extinguishing the fire, the OOD
should not hesitate to initiate an 'Emergency Clear Lower Deck'. It will
ensure that all personnel not involved in firefighting are clear of the area and
accounted for. It will also provide a pool of spare hands for extra
firefighting and containment tasks. The correct pipe for initiating an
emergency is: 'EMERGENCY, EMERGENCY, EMERGENCY, CLEAR
LOWER DECK OF ALL PERSONNEL NOT INVOLVED IN
FlREFIGHTING. MUSTER AT , KEEPING CLEAR OF THE FIRE
AREA' (The pipe should give the appropriate muster point, bearing in mind
the weather; do not always use the flightdeck as a matter of course.) This
broadcast should be prefixed by the use of the general alarm. Should the
evacuation require non-duty personnel to muster on the jetty the following
equipment should be taken:
a. A minimum of four sets of feamought suits, gloves, firefighters'
hoods, boots and socks, (these are usually stowed rolled together, in
bundles in the FRP locker).

b. TIC to be collected and taken to the jetty.

c. A minimum of four sets ofBA.

This will enable spare hands to dress and equip a four-man feamought suit
team together with a BA Controller, who can either be briefed and detailed
to conduct a re-entry, or act as guides for a LAFB firefighting team.
0422. Personnel Safety and Control
In the event of an 'Emergency Clear Lower Deck' being declared, it
is important that every person onboard (including civilian personnel) can be
accounted for as quickly as possible. Ratings in charge of the various duty
groups and parties should account for their personnel and report to the OOD.
Departmental nominal lists should be compared with peg boards to ascertain
the names of those who should be onboard. Non-duty personnel who have
been mustered by departments should be reported to the OOD.

23
INTENTIONALLY BLANK

24
 FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT

-
0501. 9 Litre Stored Pressure Extinguisher (AFFF) SPE(AFFF)
-
(pre 2003 Model)
This appliance is used for fighting fires involving burning solids or
liquids.

DISCHARGE
HEAD

SYPHON TUBE

WATER LEVEL
INDICATOR

FILTER

Fig 5-1. 9 Litre Stored Pressure Extinguisher (AFFF) -SPE(AFFF)

-
(pre 2003 Model)

25
 BR 4007

CAUTION

THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE SPE(AFFF) ARE IN RED, THOSE

ON THE SPE(DP) ARE IN BLUE

0502. To operate the SPE (AFFF):

a. Remove from the stowage and check that the gauge indicates 10
bar.

b. Approach the fire, keeping as low as possible and, at a safe

distance, pull out the safety pin.

c. With a CARBONACEOUS FIRE direct the nozzle at the top of the

fire, beating it down and out. Once under control, move towards the
fire.

d. With an OIL FIRE direct the nozzle onto the fire, keeping low to
avoid any flash over. Do not move towards the fire while you are
fighting it.

0503. Refilling and Recharging

a. Ensure that all pressure has been released and unscrew the
dischargeheadassembly.Withdrawthe siphontube fromthe shell.
b. Wash out the inside with freshwater.

c. Put 8.6 litres of clean freshwater into the extinguisher. Use the
syphon tube as a dipstick, resting the water level indicator on the neck
of the cylinder. When water touches the siphon filter, the cylinder
holds 8.6litres of water. Using a measuring cylinder, add O.4litres of
6% AFFF, making the total contents up to 9 litres.

Note. In some extinguishers the measuring shoulder on the syphon tube is

replaced by a letter F and two black lines.

d. When the AFFF solution level is correct, replace the discharge

head assembly and hand-tighten.

26
 , "'IVV I

e. Raise the operating lever to its non-operational position, insert the

safety pin and retain it by fitting a Hellerman rubber sleeve to the end
of the pin. Fit an anti-tamper tag through the pull end of the pin and
around the operating lever. Re-set the 'used' indicator.

f. Remove the air charging valve dust cap and connect the
compressed air supply to the charging valve. Charge the extinguisher
to lObar.

g. After charging disconnect the air supply and replace the dust cap.

h. With the SPE in the upright position, check for signs of leakage
around the cylinder thread.

Note. When charged to 10 bar, the SPE(AFFF) will give a maximum throw
of7.5 metres and a duration of approximately 50 seconds.

0504. SPE(AFFF) Extinguisher Air Charging

Two methods of air charging are available as follows:

a. Portable Air Charging Assembly This assembly (see Fig 5-2)

consists of a high pressure air cylinder fitted with a regulator valve and
pressure gauges. A discharge hose terminates in a connection which
will mate with the air charging connection on the SPE. The assembly
is also fitted with a carrying handle and wind-around hose stowage.
The air cylinder is charged to 207 bar with clean, dry air from the
ships breathing air charging panel, and will charge approximately 25
SPEs to lObar.

WARNING

GOGGLES AND EAR DEFENDERS ARE TO BE WORN WHEN

CHARGING SPE WITH COMPRESSED AIR

27
 BR 4007

CYLINDER, 124Ghtres. 207 bat

tength !510mm, diameter 140mm

RELIEF
VALVE .

CYLINDER
VALVE

Fig 5-2. Portable Air Charging Equipment

b. Foot Pump. In an emergency the SPE(AFFF) may be charged

using a foot pump. The method of charging is self evident in that the
pump discharge hose is connected directly to the SPE charging
connection. The pressure to be achieved in the SPE will be
approximately 7 bar, which will reduce the throw of the extinguisher
and its duration.

0505. Stored Pressure Extinguisher (Dry Powder) SPE(DP) -

-
(pre 2003 Model)
The SPE(DP) is provided near, or in, the accesses to some machinery
spaces, in the flight deck area and in hangars for fighting liquid fuel fires.
The cylinder holds 11.2 kg of dry powder and, when charged to lObar, gives
an approximate duration of 20 seconds.

0506. To operate the SPE(DP), check the pressure, remove the safety pin,
press the trigger and use a low sweeping motion with the nozzle, directed at
the base of the fire.

Note. After using a SPE(DP}, always back up with a SPE(AFFF}, as there

is no cooling effectfrom the SPE(DP}.

28
 Operating
trigger

Schraeder
charging valve
(fitted with cap)

Aspirator nozzle

Fig 5-3. 9 Litre SPE (Dry Powder) -SPE(DP)

(Pre 2003) -
0507. RefIlling and Recharging
The SPE(DP) should be recharged with dry powder in a dry
compartment as follows:

a. Ensure that the extinguisher is fuIly discharged and remove the

discharge head. Clean powder residues off the discharge head,
cylinder threads and mating faces, using a soft brush.

b. Clean the Schraeder valve assembly; if necessary, remove the

valve core.

c. Using a chute or funnel, pour in the contents of one 11.2kg (25 lb)
bag of dry powder, then refit the head assembly and charge, using
DRY air, to 10 bar (The foot pump is not to be used, as this would
introduce moist air).

29
 BR 4007

WARNING

PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO THE POWDER MAY CAUSE

IRRITATION TO SKIN AND EYES.
WHEN REFILLING THE SPE(DP) A DUST MASK AND GOGGLES
SHOULD BE WORN.

CAUTION

THE REDUCING VALVE ON THE AIR CHARGE ASSEMBLY

MUST BE SET AT 10 BAR FOR THE PRE 2003 SPE TO AVOID
OVER-PRESSURISA TION

-
0508. 9 Litre Stored Pressure Extinguisher (AFFF) Post 2003 Model
The post 2003 9 litre SPE(AFFF) can be recognised by a red painted
shell and a cream coloured band to indicate the foam contents. It is used on
solid or liquid fires. It has a working charge pressure of 15bar, so it can only
be charged by the portable air charging assembly or from the LP air system,
not by a foot pump. When fully charged to 15 bar it has a throw of 6 metres
and a discharge time of 38 seconds. There are two versions: standard and
non-magnetic.

0509. To operate the post 2003 9 litre SPE(AFFF):

a. Hold the extinguisher upright.

b. Pull out the safety pin (the plastic dart will break).

c. Free the discharge hose and aim the nozzle to drop foam onto the
fire from a minimum distance of one metre.

d. Squeeze the levers.

30
 CREAM BAND
INDICATES
FOAM

~ [3Chubb

_
FIRE EXT1NGUISHER

~1i1iI
~II
ttlliiilll
~ ..
'z:: ~
=
§::o

Fig 5-4. 9 Litre SPE(AFFF) - Post 2003

0510. To recharge the post 2003 9 litre SPE(AFFF):

a. Remove the safety pin, if fitted. Invert the extinguisher and

squeeze the operating levers to vent any residual pressure.

b. Slacken the headcap by rotating it two complete turns and listen for
any residual pressure.

c. Remove the head and syphon tube assembly.

d. Empty the residual contents and rinse out the extinguisher with
fresh water.

31
 e. Fill the extinguisher with fresh water to the' F' line level indicator
on the siphon tube.

f. Pour in a 560 ml charge of 6% AFFF concentrate. Do not overfill

or mix with other foam types.

g. Check the actuation of all moving parts of the head and the
condition of the neck ring. Check that the siphon tube is clear of
obstruction.

h. Lightly grease the '0' seals, moving parts and neck threads with
petroleum jelly.

1. Screw on the head assembly and tighten it hand tight.

j. Fit the safety pin and insert a plastic dart through the end.

k. Pressurise the extinguisher with air to 15 bar (the white line on the
gauge), using the portable air charging assembly or the LP air system
and a tyre inflator. Replace the dust cap on the Schraeder valve.

WARNING

THE PRE AND POST 9 LITRE STORED PRESSURE

(SPE AFFF) EXTINGUISHERS ARE NOT TO BE USED
TO FIGHT ELECTRICAL FIRES.

0511. 9 kg Stored Pressure Extinguisher (Dry Powder) Post 2003

Model
-
The post 2003 9 kg SPE(DP) can be recognised by a red painted sheD
and a blue coloured band to indicate the powder contents. It is used on solid
or liquid fires and is particularly effective for liquid fuel pressure spray fires.
It may be used on low voltage electrical fires must not be used on live HV
systems. It has a throw of 6 metres and a discharge time of 15 seconds.
There are two versions: standard and non-magnetic.
 BLue BAND
INDICATES
POWDeR

Fig 5-5. 9 kg SPE(DP) - Post 2003

0512. To operate the post 2003 9 kg SPE(DP):

a. Hold the extinguisher upright.

b. Pull out the safety pin (the plastic dart will break).

c. Free the discharge hose and aim at the base of the fire, from a
minimum distance of one metre.

d. Squeeze the levers.

33
 BR 4007

WARNING

THE POST 2003 9kg SPE(DP) IS SUPPLIED WITH A 15 BAR

NITROGEN CHARGE AND IS NOT TO BE RECHARGED BY
SHIPSIUNITS.

0513. Marinised 2 kg Dry Powder Extinguisher

The marinised 2 kg dry powder extinguisher (see Fig 5-6) is supplied
for use in small craft using outboard motors. The extinguisher, which has a
dedicated mounting bracket, has a 2 kg charge of dry powder and is
pressurised by nitrogen at 15 bar. This marinised version of the extinguisher
is manufactured from corrosion-resistant materials and should not be
confused with the 2 kg dry powder extinguisher supplied for use ashore. It
cannot be recharged onboard but must be returned through Naval Stores if
partially or fully discharged. To operate the extinguisher:

a. Hold upright. Pull out the pin.

b. Aim at the base of the fire, from a distance of at least 1 metre.

c. Squeeze the levers.

WARNING

ALTHOUGH THE DRY POWDER IS NON-TOXIC TillS

EXTINGUISHER IS NOT TO BE DIRECTED AT PERSONNEL

34
 Squeeze
Grip

Pressure
Gauge

Blue Band
Indicates-
Dry Powder

Fig 5-6. Marinised 2 kg Dry Powder Extinguisher

0514. CO2 Fire Extinguisher

The 2 kg CO2fire extinguisher (see Fig 5-7) is provided specifically
to deal with electrical fires. The extinguisher is coloured red with a black
band and is normally fitted with a rigid discharge horn. When provided in
compartments containing electrical equipment it is fitted with a flexible hose
and bayonet plug connection for use in electrical cabinets. For use on open
equipment the plug connection is fitted with a detachable hand applicator.
CO2 extinguishers cannot be recharged onboard when fully or partially
discharged, but must be returned through Naval Stores.

0515. To operate the CO2extinguisher:

a. Remove the safety pin.

35
 BR 4007

b. Squeeze the trigger fully to ensure full discharge.

c. Get as close as possible and aim the discharge towards the base of
the fire, in a low sweeping motion.

d. As soon as possible, retreat to clean air.

WARNING

DO NOT GRIP THE HORN OR THE CYLINDER DURING USE

IT WILL FREEZE THE HAND AND MAY CAUSE ICE 'BURNS'

SQUEEZE GRIP

BlACK BAND INDICATE!

C02
"
I ChUbb
fiREEXTtNGUISHER
l

Fig 5-7. 2 kg COzFire Extinguisher

36
 .II"''' ,,,,, I

0516. 6 Litre Wet Chemical Extinguisher (Fry Fighter)(to be introduced

in 2005)
The Fry Fighter extinguisher (see Fig 5-8) is provided in galley
compartments specifically to deal with deep fat fryer fires. The extinguisher
contains a wet chemical that reacts with the burning fat or oil. When applied
it cools and emulsifies the burning liquid forming a crust over the surface.
The spray initially knocks down the flames and the crust completes the
extinction. The crust formed on the surface also prevents re-ignition by
stopping contact with oxygen in the air. The fry fighter can be recognised by
a red painted shell and a 46mm wide yellow label to indicate the contents.
It cannot be recharged onboard, but must be returned through Naval stores if
partially or fully discharged. There are two versions: standard and non-
magnetic. To operate the extinguisher:

a. Pull out the safety pin and detach the applicator.

b. Hold the nozzle directly above the fire at a distance of lmetre.

c. Squeeze the levers and apply the entire contents to the total
area of the fire.

37
 BR 4007

HOSE

YELLOWIBLACK
LABEL

LANCE

Fig 5-8. 6 Litre Wet Chemical Extinguisher (Fry Fighter)

 DK 'tUU I

0517. Firefighter Nozzle

The firefighternozzle (see Fig 5-9) is provided at all between deck fire
hydrants and weatherdeck hydrants already connected to a 12 metre faked
hose. It is stowed in the shut position. To operate the nozzle, turn it one
eighth of a turn to the right to provide a 2 metre flat disc (personal protection)
waterwall. A further one eighth of a turn to the right produces a 60 degree
ragged spray, which is used for fighting fires. The output from a firefighter
nozzle ranges ITom10 to 17 cubic metres per hour at 8.3 bar.

Fig 5-9. Firefighter Nozzle Fig 5-10. Waterwall Nozzle

0518. Waterwall Nozzle

Waterwall nozzles (see Fig 5-10) are stowed adjacent to flightdeck
hydrants to cover all flying activities, within upperdeck re-entry lockers and
5 in number provided in each FRPP fire locker. These nozzles are used to
provide waterwall protection to firefighters. To operate the nozzle, rotate the
sleeve all the way to the left. On its initial opening, a very powerful jet is
formed. Rotating the sleeve further through its full range of travel produces
a 10metre flat disc (team protection) waterwall. The output IToma waterwall
nozzle ranges ITom28 to 44 cubic metres per hour at 8.3 bar.
Notes:

1. To remember which way the nozzles operate:

FIREFIGHTER WATERWALL
I E
G F
H T
T

2. The Waterwall Operator must be backed-up when the nozzle is

operated through itsfull range.

39
 BR 4007

3. The watenvall nozzles that are inc01porated in CVSflightdeck fire

hydrant arrangements i.e. hydrants adjacent to or on theflightdeck are to
remain inplace to provide a spray watenvall or watersnake if necessary.

0519. Hoses
There are two sizes of hoses, size 2 and size 3. Each size is supplied
in various lengths and has instantaneous connections, male at one end and
female at the other end. All firefighting hydrants have female connections,
and all nozzles have male connections.

BRANCH FROM HPSW MAIN

BROOKSBANK
HYDRANT
VALVE

BULKHEAD

12m
6m INNER
OUTER HOSE
HOSE FAKED
ROLLED AND
DOUBLE HOSE CRADLE CONNECTED

Fig 5-11. Stowage of Hoses

Fig 5-11 shows the arrangement for a between-deck double hose basket. A
12 metre, size 2 hose is connected to the hydrant, and is faked into the inner
basket, with a firefighter nozzle (in the shut position) connected. The outer
basket contains a rolled 6 metre size 2 hose.
 .oft 'tUU I

Note. Caution should be used when operating Brooksbank hydrant valve (see
Fig 5-11). If this type of hydrant is opened quickly, there is a possibility that
the rubber seal could be dislodged and travel down the hose, blocking the
nozzle or branchpipe. To prevent this, the Hydrant Operator should open the
hydrant progressively to equalise the pressure between the HPSW main and
the hose. In a smoke filled or dark compartment, this can be achieved by
listening to the flow through the hydrant and feeling for the pressurising of
the hose.

0520. Foam Producing Appliances

Foam can be produced by the following portable appliances:

a. FB5X branchpipe.

b. FBIO/lO branchpipe used for flight deck and hangar fires only.

c. FBU5X portable inline inductor.

d. FBUIO fixed inline inductor, fitted near hangars.

e. Centre Feed Hose Reel (CFHR).

0521. The FB5X (see Fig 5-12) is a lightweight foam making branchpipe for
use against liquid fuel fires. The spill pick-up assembly, which is the same
as that used for the FBU5X inline inductor, is connected by a quick-release
coupling. To produce foam, the spill pick-up must be inserted into a drum of
AFFF. The correct method of holding the FB5X is with the right hand
holding the spill pick-up, in a pistol grip fashion, and the left hand holding
the ring guard. When the operating lever is struck downwards with the palm
of the left hand, water will flow from the nozzle. A venturi inside the nozzle
creates a vacuum, which draws AFFF from the drum via the pick-up. The
AFFF and water are mixed in the nozzle. A pick-up piercer is to be held for
each FB5X and stowed with the assembly connected to the branchpipe ready
for use (not shown in Fig 5-12).

41
 BR 4007

Fig 5-12. Foam Making Branchpipe FB5X Mk 2

0522. It is very difficult to transit doors and hatches, while carrying drun
of AFFF and monitoring their contents. An FBU5X portable inline induct
(See Fig 5-13) can be fitted to the hose line, close to the hydrant, leaving tl
Firefighter free to concentrate on fighting the fire.

Fig 5-13. Portable Inline Inductor (FBU5X)

42
 DA .."" I

0523. The FB 10/10 (see Fig 5-I4) is a high output foam making branchpipe,
used on the upper deck for aircraft fires. It is connected to a FBU I0 inline
inductor, which is usually located along the ship's waist adjacent to the
hangar.

Mixed
Foam
Inlet
-....

Fig 5-14. FBI0/I0 Foam Making Branchpipe

0524. Centre Feed Hose Reel (CFHR)

This is a first aid firefighting appliance, normally used in the foam
mode, but with the facility to be used in the water mode for boundary cooling
(see Figs 5-15 and 16). The set-up of the valves on the CFHR panel varies
with the ship's installation. Operating instructions and a deck plan of the
compartments served are posted adjacent to each CFHR.

43
 BR 4007

Stlpp
to be I
(orW
open

AdjlCl
Close

'Opeming
Swivelpleca \ handl.
OrJoff
P,B.AFfFindu~:;"'~ Fullbo<e3-wayplug
.~' FoarnP.U. valve-t-port
~.

cJj~~drum
Spray{)ei noule

Fig 5-15. Centre Feed Hose Reel Mk 1

~~
w
=:::::
~"Hosereelun~cIw30mof

(&':~~
\j1~~~ J ())~ k
.. )
\ 2~mbo~rub~r hose

Everywayhose guide
\
1
I
('
~ "

~/
FoamIi~uldpick-uptube assy,
(shownInstored pos~ion)
\

i
. ' "\< ~ur.Gaug.

/ ; '\. 1"nominal
bore
OnlOff operating handle. FoarnlWaterselectionlever

/
SpraylJet
'......... Nonie
nozzle
mounting bracket

Fig 5-16. Centre Feed Hose Reel Mk 2

44
 U.I'- "'IVV I

0524. Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC)

The thennal imaging camera is a valuable tool for finding the seat of
a fire. It is used by the Team Leader of a firefighting team and may also be
used by members of the Attack Party. TICs are stowed at each Fire and
Repair Party Post (FRPP) and in a ready-access bag in HQl. Ni-Cad
rechargeable batteries (duration 45 minutes) are to be used for training
purposes, and Duracell MN1500 batteries (duration 90 minutes) are to be
fitted before use in an emergency.

Fig 5-17. Thermal Imaging Camera

45
 BR 4007

INTENTIONALLY BLANK
 PERSONAL PROTECTION

0601. Introduction
Firefighting personnel need to be protected, as far as possible, against
the effects of:

a. Heat.

b. Toxic gases or lack of oxygen.

c. Loss of vision.

d. Loss of communication.

e. Physical damage, especially to the head.

Surcoat--- .

Flame Reta~~an! )) \
Overalls (
'- -' /F"
t'~-
\ 'I) / U
I 'I

1/'1,~ I

i \'\j
\1\_-

DMS Boots-

Fig 6-1. Basic Firefighting Rig

47
0602. Basic Firefighting Rig
This consists of flame retardant (FR) treated cotton N04s or cotton
overalls, DMS boots, cotton underwear and cotton/woollen socks. When
engaged in firefighting operations, collars should be buttoned up and the
sleeves rolled down with cuffs buttoned (See Fig 6-1). Man-made materials
should not be worn by firefighters, (eg Nylon, Polyester or Lycra).

0603. Intermediate Firefighting Rig

The intermediate firefighting rig consists of the basic firefighting rig,
plus EDBA, firefighter's hood and anti flash gloves (See Fig 6-2).

EDBA mask Flame retardent hood

tucked under shirt

Horn

FR No 4 shirt

Anti-nash gloves
over shirt sleeves

Fig 6-2. Intermediate Firefighting Rig

0604. Full Firefighting Rig
This consists of basic firefighting rig, plus firefighter's hood,
fearnought suit, firefighter's gloves, white firefighter's stockings, firefighting
boots, EDBA, bulb horn and firefighter's helmet with built-in
communications (FFHBC). The Team Leader also carries a TIC.

Firefightef. helmel with

built-incommunications

Firefighter's hood

Horn

Feamought suit

TIC battery pack

Firefightef. glove.

Thermal Imaging camera

(TIC)

Reflective Patch

Fig 6-3. Full Firefighting Rig

49
 BR 4007

0605. Firefighter's Helmet with Built-in Communications (FFHBC)

Head protection for firefighters is provided by the FFHBC, which is
worn over the firefighter's hood and the EDBA head harness. The helmet has
a buill-in radio, allowing members of a firefighting team to communicate
with each other and with the IIC at the Forward Control Point (FCP), who has
a hand-held radio. The radios have ten channels. In the standby condition,
all hand-held and helmet-mounted radios are to be set to Channell. At
NBCD State 1,each FRPP is allocated discrete channels. The hand-held and
helmet-mounted radios have a function switch which may be set to the FF or
TL positions. The Team Leader's radio is to be set to the TL mode, allowing
him to override the other radios on the same channel. The remainder of the
firefighting team and the l/C at the FCP are to set their radios to the FF mode.
Exceptionally, the I/C at the FCP may have to switch to the TL mode, eg for
emergency withdrawal of the team. Intrinsically safe versions ofthe FFHBC
and hand-held radio are supplied to RFAs.

0606. The helmet has a bone-conducting microphone and earphones built

into it. To transmit, the wearer presses the press-to-talk switch on the left
side of the helmet.

-
Bone ConducUng
Microphone Inside
Top of Helmet

Eerphones inside
Ear Pads

On/Off Volume
Switch

Channel Selector
Switch

Fig 6-4. Firefighter's Helmet with Built-in Communications

50
0607. Emergency Life Support Apparatus (ELSA)
ELSA is only to be used for escape from, or through, smoke-logged
compartments. The carrying case contains a small compressed air bottle with
a pressure gauge and a control valve, a supply hose, and a plastic hood with
an elasticated neck. A harness is fitted, for securing the equipment to the
wearer. Each ship carries an ELSA allowance of 150per cent of the number
of personnel in the Ship's Company. ELSAs are stowed in messdecks and
places of work between decks.

CYLINDERAIR PRESSUREGAUGE CYLINDERENCLOSEDIN CARRYINGCASE

Fig 6-5. Emergency Life Support Apparatus (ELSA)

0608. To use an ELSA:

a. Remove the ELSA from the stowage.

b. Place the carrying strap around the neck, with the carrying case on
the chest.

51
 BR 4007

c. Secure the carrying case to the body, using the harness.

d. Check the pressure gauge. If contents correct open the control

valve until the valve wheel spins free.

e. Place the hood over the head, so that the elasticated neck is secured
around the wearer's neck.

f. Ensure that the supply hose is to the tront and clean air is being
delivered to the wearer (the hood will inflate).

g. Vacate the compartment.

0609. The hood does not have an exhaust port, so the level of carbon dioxide
inside it will build up as the wearer breathes out. This may cause the wearer
to feel breathless or dizzy. If this happens, the wearer should:

a. Place his fmgers under the elasticated neck and pull it away from
his own neck.

b. Collapse the hood around his head to force out the carbon dioxide.

c. Release the elasticated neck, allowing the hood to re-inflate with

clean air.

0610. The ELSA has a duration of approximately 8 minutes. It is not to be

used for firefighting or damage control work.

0611. EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATillNG DEVICE(EEBD)

The Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBD) is a one-shot, short
duration rebreathing set which provides respiratory protection for personnel
escaping IToma toxic or smoke-filled atmosphere. It is not suitable for heavy
use (such as firefighting, rescue or repair work). EEBD is automatically
activated when it is withdrawn ITomthe base of its container and has a
minimum working duration ofl0 minutes (at a hard working rate) from the
time of activation. It is normally stowed in racks located in compartments
containing personnel. If required, the unit can also be worn on a belt.

52
 BR 4007

Fig 6-6. Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBD)

0612. To use an EEBD, proceed as follows:

a. Remove EEBD from the orange stowage case.

b. Lift the yellow lever and discard the cover.

c. Remove the unit from the base by pulling the yellow neck strap
upwards.

53
 BR 4007

d. Insert the yellow mouthpiece, so that the flange seals between the
lips and gums. Gently bite on the mouthpiece.

e. Inhale through the mouth.

f. Fit the yellow nose clip.

g. Adjust the yellow neck strap, if necessary, by pulling upwards on

the O-ring.

h. Don the face shield and pull outwards on the O-rings to tighten it
around the neck.

i. Escape.

j. If vision is impaired by condensation, rub the inside of the face

shield against the face to clear it.

0613. Extended Duration Breathing Apparatus (EDBA)

EDBA (See Fig 6-7) has a low magnetic signature and is suitable for
use in all Royal Navy ships (including Hunt Class and Single Role
Minehunters), submarines and RFAs.

0614. EDBA is a positive pressure, first-breath activated, lightweight, low

maintenance set, fitted with a 9 litre air cylinder capable of being charged to
300 bar. The set comprises a one-size face mask with a net head harness (See
Fig 6-8), an ergonomically designed backplate with a comfortable flame-
retarding harness (See Fig 6-9), a lightweight composite air cylinder, a high
pressure reducing valve, a warning whistle and a pressure gauge. The face
mask assembly is fitted with an oro-nasal mask, an exhalation valve, and an
automatic first-breath operated positive pressure demand valve. The demand
valve is designed to be re-set by pressing the black rubber re-set button (on
the demand valve). This closes off air to the face mask, enabling it to be
removed. The demand valve is also fitted with a manually operated bypass
valve, which allows a free flow of air into the face mask, in case the wearer
gets into difficulty.
 BR 4007

Fig 6-7. Extended Duration Breathing Apparatus (EDBA)

55
 BR 4007

ORO-NASAL
INNER MASK

DEMAND VALVE
CONNECTOR

Fig 6-8. Facemask Assembly

BACKPAD

DEMAND
VALVE

Fig 6-9. Back Plate and Harness

56
0615. EDBA is stowed, ready for immediate use, with all straps fully
extended. A tally, detailing the functional and face seal checks, is attached
inside the locker door. The set must be charged to the highest pressure
available from the HP air system, up to a maximum of 300 bar.

0616. Duration
Not all vessels have HP air facilities capable of charging EDBA sets
to the full working pressure of 300 bar. The duration at various charge
pressures is:

a. 300 bar: 48 min working duration + 12 min whistle = 60 min.

b. 240 bar: 39 min working duration + 12 min whistle = 51 min.

c. 207 bar: 33 min working duration + 12 min whistle = 45 min.

d. 200 bar: 32 min working duration + 12 min whistle = 44 min.

e. 160 bar: 24 min working duration + 12 min whistle = 36 min.

Note. The warning period will be 12 minutes only if the whistle is correctly
set at 55 bar, and will depend on the individual wearer and the task being
carried out.

0617. Extension Equipment

Extension equipment for EDBA comprises a face mask assembly and
head harness, a 2 metre extension hose and a 15 metre extension hose. These
items are stowed in a red locker, which has a drop-down door. A tally on the
inside of the door gives the operating instructions. Two 15 metre extension
hoses can be connected together to give a maximum length of 30 metres.

0618. Donning and Functional Checks

While stowed in its locker, the EDBA must be maintained in a state of
readiness for immediate use, with the air cylinder fully charged to the correct
working pressure. Approval must be obtained from the Officer in Charge of
firefighting, prior to using a set if the pressure is below the minimum
approved operating pressure of 160 bar.
 BR 4007

0619. With assistance from the BA Controller, the wearer dons the set as
follows:

a. Remove the face mask from the stowage clip. Place the facemask
neck strap over the head and allow the facemask to hang on the chest.
The neck strap must be worn under the firefighter's hood.

b. Release the bands securing the set in its locker, and pass the right
arm through the right shoulder strap. Lift the set clear of the locker
and pass the left ann through the left shoulder strap.

c. Adjust the shoulder straps by pulling them downwards and to the

rear towards the cylinder. Fasten the waist belt and chest strap, taking
care not to overtighten.

d. Check that the bypass valve is in the closed position and the
demand valve (DV) reset button is pressed.

e. Open the cylinder valve fully and check that the warning whistle
sounds briefly (in the 0-55 bar range). If the whistle is not heard to
operate when the cylinder valve is opened:

(1) Shut the cylinder valve. Open the bypass valve to reduce
pressure to 55 bar, at which point the whistle should sound.

(2) Close the bypass valve. If the whistle still does not operate, it
is defective and the set must not be used. The BA Coordinator
must be informed.

f. On completion of the test, open the cylinder valve fully.

0620. Face Seal Check

When the wearer is required to commence a task, the following routine
is to be carried out:

a. Place the chin in the chin cup, pull the head harness back over the
head and tighten the head harness straps.

b. Inhale sharply to activate the DV first-breath mechanism, then

breathe normally.

58
 c. Twist the DV gently to confirm that the locking catch is fully
engaged.

d. Open the DV bypass valve and check that there is a free flow of air
into the mask. Set the bypass valve to the closed position.

e. Shut the cylinder valve and then open it one quarter of a turn.
Take a deep breath. Shut the cylinder valve and check that there is no
sound of escaping air, and that the pressure gauge reading does not fall
by more than 10 bar (one division on the dial) in 10 seconds.

f. Open the cylinder valve fully, breathe normally and check that the
gauge reading is steady. If it is not, check that the cylinder valve is
fully open. If the gauge fluctuates when the cylinder valve is fully
open, do not use the set.

g. Test the distress alarm.

h. On completion of a successful face seal check the BA Controller

removes and retains the 'set number' tally, and enters the wearer's
name on the control board.

i. Check protective clothing and proceed on task.

Notes:

1. lfthe wearer is not required immediately, take a deep breath,press the

black rubber reset button on the DVto close off air to thefacemask. Remove
thefacemask and allow it to hang on the chest.

2. Theface seal check must be pe/formed each time a wearer dons the
facemaskfor operational purposes.

3. The BA Controller must enter, on the control board, the time at which
the wearer starts to breathefrom the set.

0621. BA Control
When EDBA sets are used operationally, a BA Controller must be
detailed. The BA Controller must be well trained in the use of the apparatus,
and must understand the vital part he plays in the safety arrangements for

59
 BR 4007

firefighters. He must always be equipped with a reliable watch/clock and a

marker pen. The BA Controller must remain outside the smoke boundary,
adjacent to the IIC Main Group, at the point of entry (the FCP). The BA
Controller may act as Controller for up to ten BA wearers, but must never be
detailed for any other duties. EDBA control boards (see Fig 6-10) are stowed
in selected EDBA lockers, identified by a white band around the lower part
of the locker.

0622. The duties of a BA Controller are as follows:

a. Assist the wearer to don and adjust BA, and to carry out functional
and face seal checks.

b. Mark up the EDBA control board.

c. When used for search and rescue, ensure that the tail of the guide
line is secured to an anchorage point at the incident entry point.

d. Keep a sharp listening watch for any signals tTomdistress alarms.

e. Ensure that the IIC Main Group is kept informed of the time that
a relief team should be committed to relieve the previous team (TIME
RELIEF DUE IN).

f. Inform the IIC FCP if a BA wearer has not emerged by the TIME
DUE OUT. The IIC FCP will inform the DCOIOOD.

g. Replace the 'set number' tally back on the set when the wearer has
completed the task.

60
 v

E.D.B.A.Control Board

Efh).] CJ'EWCR$!W.£ "'"

KEATI
NG FF 300 11$1 1238 1m 1257
ADAMS FF 240 1205 1237 1244 1256
HOBDAY FF 270 1209 1245 1252 1304
SMALLEY FF 280 1217 1256 1303 1315

CtlNTROUER'$IKSTP.UCTlC1iS
3 StlCJ';'~f' ,"tn..., E Hd:w M'''~~IOI
1U!I, ~_c
I "";t!":'.'I:~ :,.
I ~tl'U1l)rN;!'""II:' S:rtIIro"'YfCOI

Fig 6-10. EDBA Control Board

0623. Completion of Control Board

The BA Controller is to calT)'out the following instructions after the
firefighting team has been briefed by the officer/rating l/C of firefighting:

a. Entry Instructions

(1) Remove the' set number' tally from the BA and clip it onto the
control board (See Fig 6-10).

(2) Before the wearer enters, complete his details in columns A,

Band C. The abbreviations to be used in the task column are FF
for all members of firefighting teams, BC for boundary coolers and
SAR for search and rescue teams.

61
 BR 4007

(3) Confinn a face seal check.

(4) Check that the wearer's dress is correct.

(5) Check the wearer's personal distress device.

(6) Turn the dial to set the cylinder pressure (B) window over the
minute of start time (from column C).

(7) Read off and enter times in columns D, E and F.

(8) Repeat for each BA wearer. Stay at the entry point.

b. Exit Instructions

(1) Remove the 'set number' tally and replace it on the original
BA set.

(2) Remove the wearer's details from the control board.

(3) The wearer is to be debriefed by the person IIC offirefighting

at the FCP, and is then to report to the BA Coordinator.

62
 DR 4007

CHAPTER 7

RE-ENTRY TECHNIQUES IN SURFACE SIDPS

0701. Hose Charging

Prior to the following re-entry techniques, the hoses have to be
charged, unless otherwise stated. The Team Leader must ensure that the
Hydrant Operator has identified which hydrant supplies the Waterwall and
which supplies the Firefighter. He can then take up his position with the rest
of the team. Both the firefighter and waterwall nozzles are to be shut
initially. The Team Leader then gives the order 'HYDRANT OPERATOR,
ON FIREFIGHTER AT THE HYDRANT'. The Hydrant Operator repeats
the order, then carries it out. He then informs the Team Leader
'FIREFIGHTER ON AT THE HYDRANT'. The Team Leader then gives
the order 'HYDRANT OPERATOR, ON WATERWALL AT THE
HYDRANT'. The Hydrant Operator repeats the order, then carries it out. He
then informs the Team Leader 'WATERWALL ON AT THE HYDRANT'.

0702. Re-entry on the Same Level - Carbonaceous Fire

The Waterwall Operator crouches on one knee and positions himself,
either in front or to the side of the door, depending on which way the door
opens:

a. If the door opens towards the Team (hinges can be seen), then the
Waterwall Operator positions himself on the opposite side of the door
to the hinges, just to the side of the door so that he will not impede the
opening of the door.

b. If the door opens away (hinges cannot be seen), the Waterwall

Operator positions himself on the side of the door opposite the hinges,
with the nozzle in a safe direction, adjacent to the door frame (see
Fig 7-1).

63
 BR 4007

Fig 7-1. Initial Position ofWaterwall Operator

0703. The Firefighter remains standing on the hinge side, at arm's length
from the door (See Fig 7-2).

Fig 7-2. Position of Firefighter

0704. The Team Leader positions himself behind the Waterwall Operator,
and backs him up (See Fig 7-3). The Team Leader then gives the order
'FIREFIGHTER, ON PERSONAL PROTECTION'. The Firefighter
operates the nozzle one eighth of a turn to the right to produce a 2 metre flat
disc of water for personal protection. The Team Leader backs up the
Waterwall Operator, then gives the order 'ON WATERWALL'. The
Waterwall Operator rotates the nozzle swiftly through its full range to the left,
to produce a 10 metre flat disc of water. If the door opens away from the
team, the Waterwall Operator now places the nozzle inside the door frame
(see Fig 7-4).

65
Fig 7-3. Team Leader Backs Up Waterwall Operator
Fig 7-4. Waterwall Nozzle Inside Door Frame

67
 BR 4007

0705. When both the firefighter and waterwall nozzles have been operated,
the Team Leader orders the Firefighter to 'OPEN THE DOOR'.

a. If the door opens towards the Team, the Firefighter opens the
last clip on the door (usually in the centre, opposite the hinges), and
opens the door to 45 degrees. At the same time, the Waterwall
Operator moves across to place his nozzle in the opening, against the
door frame.

b. If the door opens away from the Team, then a chain or rope must
be secured to the door and held by the Team Leader, to enable him to
close the door if necessary (See Fig 7-4). The Firefighter opens the
last clip (see Fig 7-5), turns his back, and pushes the door open with
his boot. The waterwall, already in position, has sealed the door.

Fig 7-5. Opening the Last Clip

0706. Once the door is fully open, the Firefighter crouches on one knee
adjacent to the Team Leader. When ordered by the Team Leader, the
Firefighter adjusts the nozzle a further one eighth to one quarter of a turn to
the right to a ragged spray. If the fire cannot be seen the Team Leader
orders the Firefighter to direct the ragged spray towards the deckhead to cool
the compartment down. If the fire can be seen the Team Leader orders the
Firefighter to fight the fire.

Fig 7-6. Fighting the Fire

69
 BR 4007

0707. The Team Leader uses the thermal imaging camera (TIC) to scan
around the compartment (See Fig 7-7), looking for the seat of the fire, and
indicates its position to the Firefighter. When the Team Leader is ready, he
orders the Team to 'STAND UP' and 'ADVANCE' into the compartment,
cooling and breaking up the fires. The Hydrant Operator now acts as a Hose
Handler, helping the Team to move forward.

Fig 7-7. Team Leader using the TIC

0708. Re-entry on the Same Level - Oil Fire
The Team position themselves by the door, as previously described for
a carbonaceous fIre. The Team Leader positions himself behind the
Waterwall Operator, backing him up.

Fig 7-8. Initial Positions

0709. After ensuring that the FirefIghter is aiming the FB5X away from the
fire into safe comer (See Fig 7-8), the Team Leader orders' PROVE FOAM'.
The FirefIghter moves the switch on the FB5X to the open position and
proves foam, using the fmger-tip method. (Putting the tip of his fIrefIghting
glove into the flow of the foam, then wiping it on the extreme edge of his BA
visor. Foam will stick to his visor; water will run oft). Once the FirefIghter
has proved foam, he moves the switch on the FB5X to the shut position.

71
 BR 4007

0710. The Team Leader, backing up the Waterwall Operator, orders 'ON
WATERWALL'. The Waterwall Operator rotates the nozzle swiftly through
its full range to the left, to produce a 10 metre flat disc of water.

0711. The Team Leader orders the Firefighter to 'OPEN THE DOOR' (as
previously described (see Figs 7-9 and 7-10». Once the door is fully open,
the Firefighter gets into position, alongside the Team Leader, (behind the
Waterwall Operator); he crouches on one knee, always keeping the FB5X
pointing away from the fire into a safe comer. The Team Leader orders the
Firefighter 'PROVE FOAM'. Once foam has been proved, the Team Leader
orders the Firefighter to 'FIGHT THE FIRE'. (See Fig 7-11)

Fig 7-9. Opening the Last Clip

Fig 7-10. Opening Door with Boot

Fig 7-11. Fighting the Fire

 DR 4007

0712. The Team Leader, using the TIC, directs the Firefighter to aim the
foam towards the seat of the fire. Once the fire is extinguished, the Team
Leader orders the Firefighter 'OUT FB5X'. The Firefighter directs the FB5X
into a safe corner, then the Team Leader orders 'OFF FB5X'. The Team
Leader confirms that all fires are extinguished, then orders the Waterwall
Operator 'OFF WATERWALL'. The Waterwall Operator must ensure that
the nozzle is not directed into the compartment while he is adjusting it to the
shut position.

Note. Consideration should be given to using a Ship Protector if the Team

Waterwallieaves the access route unprotected. The three hose technique
described in 0720 may be adapted to achieve this.

0713. Re-entry From Above - Carbonaceous Fire

The Waterwall Operator and Firefighter each takes up position (See
Fig 7-12), crouched on one knee with the hose over the shoulder, one hand
on the hose banding behind the coupling, and one hand on the nozzle. The
hoses are positioned on the opposite side of the hatch to the hinges.

Fig 7-12. WaterwaII Operator and Firefighter

74
 BR 4007

0714. The Team Leaderremains standing to back up the Waterwall Operator,

holding the hose with one hand and backing him up with the other (See Fig
7-13). The Team Leader then gives the order 'FIREFIGHTER, ON
PERSONAL PROTECTION'. The Firefighter turns the nozzle one eighth
of a turn to the right to provide a 2 metre flat disc of personal protection
waterwall. Then, backing up the Waterwall Operator, the Team Leader
orders' ON WATERWALL'. The Waterwall Operator turns the nozzle
swiftly through its full range to the left, to form a 10 metre flat disc of water
for team protection.

Fig 7-13. Backing up the WaterwaU Operator

75
 BR 4007

0715. The Team Leader moves to the end of the hatch and stands with his
back to the hatch. He indicates to the Waterwall Operator and the Firefighter
that he intends to open the hatch; both of them acknowledge this. The Team
Leader reaches down, takes hold of the hatch (see Fig 7-14) and stands up,
so that the hatch is at an angle of 45 degrees. The Waterwall Operator and
Firefighter immediately position their nozzles with the release lugs of the
hose couplings resting across the comers inside the hatch coaming. The
Team Leader looks over his shoulder to check that both nozzles are in place
and then opens the hatch, making sure that the retaining clip secures it in the
fully open position. With the hatch fully open, the Waterwall Operator and
Firefighter are now sealing the hatch, preventing the smoke and flame from
escaping from the compartment (See Fig 7-15).

Fig 7-14. Team Leader Takes Hold of the Hatch

76
 Fig 7-15. Sealing the Hatch

0716. The Team leader orders the Firefighter to lower the firefighter nozzle
2 metres into the compartment (See Fig 7-16). With the nozzle still set to
provide a 2 metre flat disc, the Firefighter aggressively swings the hose to
gain maximum cooling coverage in the compartment. When the Team
Leader is satisfied that adequate cooling has taken place, he orders the
Firefighter to raise the nozzle out of the compartment. The Firefighter raises
the nozzle, assisted by the Hose Handler, checks that it is still set to personal
protection, and then returns it to the corner of the hatch coaming to seal the
opening.
 BR 4007

~,.

Fig 7-16. Lowering the Firefighter Nozzle

78
 BR 4007

0717. The Team Leader takes over the waterwall from the Waterwall
Operator, who makes his way down the ladder until his shoulder is level with
the hatch coaming. The Waterwall Operator lifts his arm nearest to the
waterwall nozzle and forms a clenched fist (See Fig 7-17).

Fig 7-17. Waterwall Operator Lifts an Arm

79
The Team Leader lifts the nozzle from the hatch coaming and positions it
underneath the arm of the Waterwall Operator, pulling it up so that it is tight
under his arm, locking the nozzle in place. The nozzle protects the Waterwall
Operator as he descends the ladder (See Fig 7-18). On reaching the bottom
of the ladder (see Fig 7-19), the Waterwall Operator turns round, brings the
hose back under the right arm, checks the position of the nozzle and then
reports 'LADDER CLEAR'.

Fig 7-18. WaterwaU Hose Under the Operator's Arm

 BR 4007

Fig 7-19. At the Bottom of the Ladder

0718. The Waterwall Operator moves to a pre-determined position away

from the ladder and crouches on one knee. The Firefighter uses the same
procedure to descend the ladder (See Fig 7-20). On reaching the bottom he
turns around, grips the hose under his right arm and reports 'LADDER
CLEAR'. He then moves to a position behind the Waterwall Operator.

81
 BR 4007

Fig 7-20. Firefighter Descending

82
0719. The Team Leader descends the ladder andpositions himselfbehind the
Waterwall Operator, alongside the Firefighter (See Fig 7-21). He surveys the
compartment, using the TIC, then directs the Firefighter to project a ragged
spray towards the fire. If required, the Team Leader gives the order to
advance on the fire, keeping control of the Team at all times.

Fig 7-21. Team Leader In Position

83
 BR 4007

0720. Re-entry From Above - Oil Fire (Three Hose Technique)

An oil fire re-entry from above, using the three hose technique,
requires a 5-man Support Party; the extra man being the Ship Protector. Both
the Waterwall Operator and the Ship Protector position themselves, with
waterwall nozzles, on the side of the hatch opposite to the hinges (See Fig 7-
22). The Firefighter has a FB5X to produce foam to fight the fire. When
ready, the Team Leader orders the Firefighter 'PROVE FOAM'. The
Firefighter proves foam (as detailed in 0709) and confirms this to the Team
Leader.

Fig 7-22. Initial Positions

0721. The Team Leader, while backing up the Waterwall Operator, orders
'ON WATERWALL', then he backs up the Ship Protector and orders 'ON
SHIP PROTECTOR'. The Team Leader then opens the hatch, making sure
that it is firmly clipped open. Both the Waterwall Operator and the Ship
Protector seal the hatch with their waterwalls.
0722. The Team Leader orders the Firefighter to 'PROVE FOAM' again.
When the Firefighter has proved foam, he directs the foam down into the
compartment (See Fig 7-23). After the contents of at least 2 drums of AFFF
have been projected into the compartment, the Team Leader orders 'OUT
FB5X' then when clear of the compartment 'OFF FB5X'. The Firefighter
moves the FB5X from the compartment and shuts it by pulling the switch to
the shut position.

Fig 7-23. Projecting Foam into the Compartment

85
 BR 4007

Fig 7-24. Team Leader Surveys Below

0723. The Waterwall Operator descends into the compartment (as described
in 0717). The Firefighter moves onto the ladder until his shoulder is level
with the hatch coaming, raises his arm nearest to the nozzle and makes a
clenched fist. The Team Leader lowers the FB5X hose, parallel to the
Firefighter's body, until the FB5X is at waist height. The Firefighter wraps
his arm around the hose and descends into the compartment.

0724. The Team Leader follows and takes up position, using the TIC to
survey the compartment to fmd the seat of the fire. He directs the Firefighter
away from the fire and orders 'PROVE FOAM AND FIGHT THE FIRE'.
When the Firefighter has proved foam, he directs foam above the fire
allowing the foam to smother and cool the fire.

86
0725. Re-entry From Above- Oil Fire (FixedHatch WaterwaU)
This technique allows the use of a 4-man Support Party, yet still
protects the ship. The use of the FHWW is to be controlled by HQI, due to
the large amount of water (approximately IOtonlhr) that it can put into a
compartment.

Fig 7-25. Initial Positions

0726. The Team take up positions, with the Waterwall Operator crouching
to the side of the hatch opposite to the hinges, and the Firefighter standing
(See Fig 7-25). After the Firefighter has proved foam, the Team Leader
orders 'ON WATER AT THE HYDRANT, TO THE FIXED HATCH
WATERWALL'. The Team Leader backs up the Waterwall Operator and
orders 'ON WATERWALL'. The Team Leader opens the hatch to 45
degrees. The Waterwall Operator moves his nozzle into position inside the
hatch coaming. When the Team Leader is satisfied that the Team Protection
waterwall nozzle is in position, he opens the hatch fully, ensuring that the
hatch retaining clip is engaged.

87
 BR 4007

0727. Once the hatch is fully opened, the Team Leader takes up position on
his knees and orders the Waterwall Operator to 'LOWER YOUR
WATERWALL TO JUST BELOW THE FIXED HATCHW ATERWALL',
When the waterwall nozzle is in position below the fixed hatch waterwall the
Team Leader checks that the fixed hatch waterwall is still sealing the hatch
opening (see Fig 7-26). Ifit is, he orders the Waterwall Operator to move his
nozzle back to the hatch coaming, The Team then carry on, as described for
a 5-man team,

Fig 7-26. Team Leader Checks FHWW

88
0728. If the fixed hatch waterwall is not sealing the hatch opening correctly,
then a controlled closure of the hatch must be made. The Team Leader orders
the Waterwall Operator to move the waterwall nozzle back to the hatch
coaming. The Team Leader releases the hatch retaining clip and lowers the
hatch to 45 degrees, then orders the Waterwall Operator to remove the
waterwall from within the coaming. Once the waterwall has been removed,
the Team Leader lowers the hatch, backs up the Waterwall Operator, and
orders 'OFF WATERWALL'. When the waterwall nozzle is shut, the Team
Leader orders' OFF WATER AT THE HYDRANT, TO THE FIXED
HATCH W A TERW ALL'.

0729. A 5-man team, using a ship protector must then be used for re-entry.

0730. Re-entry From Below - Oil Based Fire

The Hydrant Operator is positioned at the hydrant. The Firefighter
stands to one side of the ladder, holding the FB5X in a pistol grip fashion,
right hand on the spill pick up connection, left hand on the ring guard,
ensuring that the nozzle is shut.

0731. The Waterwall Operator ensures that the waterwall nozzle is fully
open, then inserts it in the mounting pole. The Waterwall Operator then waits
at the base ofthe ladder.

0732. The Team Leader gives the order 'HYDRANT OPERATOR, ON

FIREFIGHTER AT THE HYDRANT'. The Hydrant Operator repeats and
then carries out the order. Once he has carried out the order he will inform
the Team Leader 'FIREFIGHTER ON AT THE HYDRANT'. The Team
Leader then gives the order 'FIREFIGHTER PROVE FOAM'. The
Firefighter then proves foam. Once he has proved foam he shuts off the
FB5X.

0733. The Waterwall Operatortakes up position on the ladder with his nozzle
in the mounting pole and positions it to seal the hatch. The Team Leader uses
another pole to support the mounting pole (See Fig 7-27). Once the Team
Leader has confirmed that the waterwall is in the correct position he gives the
order 'HYDRANT OPERATOR, ON WATERWALL AT THE
HYDRANT'. The Hydrant Operator repeats and then carries out the order.
Once he has carried out the order, he informs the Team Leader
'WATERWALL ON AT THE HYDRANT'. The Team Leader now opens
the hatch.

89
 BR 4007

Fig 7-27. Supporting the Waterwall Nozzle

0734. The opening of the hatch is a coordinated effort between the Team
Leader and the Waterwall Operator. The Team Leader removes his pole from
the mounting pole and pushes open the hatch. Once he has opened the hatch,
he returns his pole to the waterwall mounting pole. The Team Leader then
assists the Waterwall Operator in manoeuvringthe mounting pole to the hatch
coaming.

0735. The Team Leader gives the order 'FIREFIGHTER, PROVE FOAM'
and 'PUT A LAYER OF FOAM IN THE COMPARTMENT ABOVE'
(minimum 2 drums offoam). Once the Firefighter has projected the layer of
foam, the Team Leader gives the order 'FIREFIGHTER, 'OUT FB5X'.
When clear of the compartment, he orders 'OFF FB5X'. The Team Leader
takes the FB5X from the Firefighter. The Firefighter then climbs the ladder.
The Team Leader passes up the FB5X to the Firefighter. The Firefighter
positions himself behind the waterwall and proves foam in a safe direction
away from the seat ofthe fire. Once he has proved foam, he brings the FB5X
round in a sweeping motion and fights the fire.

90
 CHAPTER 8

RE-ENTRY TECHNIQUES IN SUBMARINES

0801. Submarine Firefighting Procedures

The following paragraphs and illustrations detail the special
fIrefIghting procedures unique to submarines. The illustrations were made
from photographs taken in the FFTU at Triumph NBCD School, so the shape
of doors and hatches may not fully reflect those in submarines. Some doors
and hatches may have obstacles that make the illustrated routines impractical;
therefore the following rules should be used as a general guide:

a. Waterwall positioned opposite the hinges at the closest point of

entry.

b. The Firefighter opens the door.

c. The Team Leader opens the hatches.

0802. The main difference between submarine and surface ship fIrefIghting
is that centre feed hose reels (CFHR) are the primary method in submarines,
in contrast to surface ships, where soft wall hoses are the primary method.
This is due to the confmed nature of submarines, where handling of charged
soft wall hoses is extremely difficult. The exception to this rule is when a
submarine is alongside in a non-naval or foreign port, when soft wall hoses
run from the jetty, may be used for re-entry.

0803. CFHR Spray Angle

All members of fIrefIghting teams must be aware that the maximum
angle of projection from CFHRnozzles is 120', so a flat disc waterwall is not
possible. The Team Leader must ensure that both CFHR Operators put their
nozzles fully to the spray position prior to making the re-entry, to provide
maximum protection for the Team.

0804. Re-entry on the Same Level Using CFHR

The Waterwall Operator is positioned at the door opening, with his
nozzle set to spray (waterwall) and turned off. The Firefighter is positioned
at the hinge of the door, with his nozzle set to spray (waterwall) and turned
off. The Team Leader, with TIC, is positioned behind the Waterwall
-
Operator and Firefighter. Door opening towards the team The Team

91
 BR 4007

Leader orders' ON WATER, PROVE FOAM' to both the Firefighter and

Waterwall Operator. The Team Leader orders the Firefighter to 'CRACK
OPEN THE DOOR' sufficiently to allow the waterwall to seal the doorway
(see Fig 8-1). When the Team Leader is satisfied with the sealed doorway,
he orders the Firefighter to 'OPEN THE DOOR FULLY'. When the door is
fully open, the Team Leader orders the Firefighter to 'CONE DOWN TO
RAGGED SPRA Y, COOL THE DECKHEAD, COOL THE
COMPARTMENT AND FIGHT THE FIRE' (see Fig 8-2).

FF

Fig 8-1. Waterwall Sealing the Doorway

-
Door opening away from the team The Waterwall Operator seals the door.
The Team Leader orders the Firefighter to unlatch and hold the door shut.
When the Team Leader is satisfied the waterwall has sealed the door
correctly he orders the Firefighter to kick open the door with his heel.

...
 o

Fig 8-2. Fighting the Fire Through the Doorway

When the door is fully open, the Team Leader orders the Firefighter to
'CONE DOWN TO RAGGED SPRAY, COOL THE DECKHEAD, COOL
THE COMPARTMENT AND FIGHT THE FIRE'.

0804. The Team Leader surveys the compartment with the TIC and directs
the Firefighter towards the seat of the fire. The Team Leader orders the

93
 BR 4007

Firefighter 'BACK TO THE SPRAY POSITION', then orders the Waterwall

Operator to 'ADVANCE ONE STEP INTO THE COMPARTMENT' When
the Waterwall Operator has confirmed that the waterwall is established in the
compartment, the Team Leader orders the Firefighter to advance into the
compartment and then directs the Team to fight the fire.

0805. Re-entry From Above Using CFHR

The Waterwall Operator is positioned on the hatch with his nozzle set
to spray (waterwall) in the "off' position. The Waterwall Operator sits
opposite the hinges at the closest point of entry. The Firefighter is positioned
on the hatch, with his nozzle set to spray (waterwall) in the "off' position.
The Team Leader has a TIC (see Fig 8-3). The Team Leader orders the
Waterwall Operator and Firefighter to 'PROVE FOAM'. The Team Leader
then cracks open the hatch sufficiently to allow the waterwall to seal the
hatch (see Fig 8-4). When it is sealed, he then opens it fully and clips it open.
The Firefighter places his nozzle in the hatchway and aids the Waterwall
Operator in sealing the hatch.

Note: This routine may not always be possible due to access constraints.

Fig 8-3. Initial Positions

94
 Fig 8.4. Waterwall Sealing the Hatch

0806. The Team Leader orders the Firefighter to 'CONE DOWN TO

RAGGED SPRAY'. The Firefighter cools the ladder and extinguishes any
fires visible below the hatch. The Team Leader surveys the compartment
with the TIC (see Fig 8-5).

95
0807. The Team Leader orders the Firefighter to put his nozzle to the spray
position (waterwall), and seal the hatch, he then orders the Waterwall
Operator to place his nozzle under his arm to give protection to his back (see
Fig 8-6).

Fig 8-6. Waterwall Operator puts Nozzle under Arm

97
 BR 4007

0808. The Waterwall Operator descends the ladder. Having carried out the
ladder clear drill he crouches clear of the bottom of the ladder. The
Firefighter descends the ladder (see Fig 8-7). Having carried out the ladder
clear drill he positions himself beside and just to the rear of the Waterwall
Operator.

Fig 8-7. Firefighter Descends Ladder

98
 BR 4007

0809. The Team Leader descends the ladder, positions himself behind the
Waterwall Operator and the Firefighter, and surveys the compartment with
the TIC (see Fig 8-8). The Team Leader directs the Firefighter to 'CONE
DOWN TO RAGGED SPRAY'. The Firefighter fights the fire through the
waterwall.

FF

Fig 8-8. Fighting the Fire

99
 BR 4007

0810. Submarine Softwall Hose - Re-entryTechniques

Softwall hoses run from a jetty hydrant provide the means to support
onboard fuefighting systems when a submarine is alongside in a non-naval
or foreign port. The Waterwall Operator is provided with a general service
firefighter nozzle which will provide 180. flat disc waterwall. The
-
Firefighter is provided with a FB5X. Door opening towards the team The
Team Leader has a TIC. The Firefighter proves foam at the FB5X then
switches off the nozzle. The Team Leader orders' ON WATERWALL' then
orders the Firefighter to 'OPEN THE DOOR' sufficiently for the Waterwall
Operator to seal the door (see Fig 8-9).

Fig 8-9. Opening and Sealing the Door

100
 .".,,, .."'" .......".....
.>~J~ ~.~~

Fig 8-10. Fighting the Fire Through the Doorway

0811. When the Team Leader is satisfied that the door is sealed, he orders the
Firefighter to 'OPEN THE DOOR FULLY' (see Fig 8-10). The Team Leader
then orders the Firefighter to prove foam in a safe direction. The Team
Leader then uses the TIC to locate the seat of the fire and directs the
Firefighter to crouch down and fight the fire. Door opening away from the
-
team In this case the Firefighter kicks open the door with his heel.

101
 BR 4007

0812. Once the compartment has cooled, the Team Leader advances the
Waterwall Operator one step inside the compartment. When the Waterwall
Operator confirms that the waterwall is established in the compartment, the
Team Leader advances the Firefighter into the compartment and then directs
the Team to fight the fire.

0813. Re-entry from Above Using FB5X

The Team Leader orders the Firefighter 'PROVE FOAM IN A SAFE
DIRECTION' and switch off the nozzle. The Team Leader orders 'ON
WATERWALL' and, when ready, he turns away from the hatch, reaches
down and opens it sufficiently for the waterwall to seal the hatch (see Fig 8-
11).

Note: This routine may not always be possible due to access constraints.

Fig 8-11. Raising the Hatch for the Waterwall

0814. When the hatch is sealed, the Team Leader opens the hatch fully,
ensuring that it is securely clipped open. The Team Leader orders the
Firefighter to 'PROVE FOAM IN A SAFE DIRECTION'. When foam is
produced, the Firefighter directs it into the compartment (see Fig 8-12). The
Team Leader surveys the compartment, using the TIC and, when ready,
orders 'OFF FOAM'.
 Fig 8-12. Directing Foam into the Compartment

0815. The Team Leader takes over the waterwall hose. The Waterwall
Operator descends the ladder until his shoulder is level with the hatch, then
raises an arm, ready to receive his nozzle back uom the Team Leader (see Fig
8-13). The Waterwall Operator receives the hose and grips it under his arm,
so that the waterwall protects his back (see Fig 8-14).

Fig 8-13. WaterwaU Operator Raises an Arm

103
 BR 4007

Fig 8-14. Waterwall Hose Gripped under the Arm

0816. The Waterwall Operator descends the ladder, protected

waterwall, having carried out the ladder clear drill, he orientates hi!
the foot of the ladder, then steps clear of the ladder. When in posil
crouches and awaits the arrival of the rest of the team (see Fig 8-15)

104
 Fig 8-15. Waterwall Operator in Position

0817. The Firefighter descends the ladder with'the FB5X nozzle switched
off. Having carried out the ladder clear drill he positions himself next to but
slightly to the rear of the Waterwall Operator. The Team Leader descends
the ladder, positions himself between and behin-dthe other two and surveys
the compartment, using the TIC (see Fig 8-16). The Team Leader orders the
Firefighter to 'PROVE FOAM AWAY FROM THE FIRE' and when proved,
to 'FIGHT THE FIRE' through the waterwall.

105
BR 4007

Fig 8-16. The Team in Position

106
AFFF '.. . . :. . "::. .. 04"10f,0501, 0508,0521
AttackParty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0403b,0411

BA control board .' 0411c(3),0623

BA Controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0411c, 0412, 0622
BA extensionequipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0617
BA wearers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0411 b
Basicfirefightingrig. . . . . . . . , . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 0411, 0412, 0602
Boundary cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0414
Boundarycoolinghose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-:<. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0410e
Branchpipe-FB5X ~.-. . . . . . .l\... . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. 0521
Branchpipe-FBI0/I0 ;';. .\:.: 0523
Breathing Apparatus Party. . . . . . . . . .: ~ . :-; . . i";: .-. . '. . . . . . . . .. 0418
Brows.. .. . . . . . . . . . . .'.. . . . . ;.. ;'.'-;..;~.. . .. . .-; .. 0419g
Carbonaceous fire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'.. . .-. 3';' f" }. :
. .,. . . . . . . . ....0702,0713
Causes of fire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. . . . .-: .:~ . . . . . . . . . . .. Chap 1
Centre Feed Hose Reel (CFHR) . . . . . .. . . ; .,.:..1... . . . . . . . . . . .. 0524
Rating.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. :. .,j . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0420
Communications
Containment Party. . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . ... . '... . . . . . .. 0403c, 0414
Control Party. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '.' , . . , . ~'.'. '. ... . .-'. . . . . . . . .. 0413
Cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,'~';.. r .:. . . .' .:.:. : . . .. 0104
. ": '
; .

Daily Orders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.; -~ . . .;. . '.' . . . . . . . . .. 0405

Dry powderextinguishers. . . . . . . . . . . . .'1: ..::;~~... ~.
.", 0505,0511,0513
~

DWESR ,., .\.\... .;.! \; 0415

'~ :; t I:

EDBAcontrol board :.'.: >...: i .;.j Fig6-10

Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBPA . .:. . \.f . . . . . . . .. 0611
~

Electrical
. fire . ., ", ~-J.!.,
. ,oo, \ \.. 0103b(3),0514
EIectnca I supp Iles \. \.~\ . .i. ; . ~ .:. . . . . . . . . 0417
t .!.;

Emergency clear lower deck. . . . . . . . . . \ .\;1: .:. !. . .\. . . . . . . .. 0421

Emerg:ncy Life Support Apparatus (ELSA) '.':;~.':~. . ;:.\. . . . . . . .. 0607 ~

ExplosIve safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' . . ~ . . . . . . 0415b(l)

Extended Duration Breathing Apparatus (EDBA) . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0613
Extinguisher6 Litre WetChemical(FryFighter) 0516
ExtinguisherCO2, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0514
ExtinguisherStoredPressure(AFFF) 0411a,0501,0508
Extinguisher Stored Pressure (DP) . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0505,0511,0513

107
 BR 4007

/, .,...Faceseal check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . . .'. i'.. 0620

Feamoughtsuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0604
fl": Fire and Emergency Party .'. .-..-. 0403
/, ., "Fire.prevention. . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . . . . . .';".. 0202
:,'.::" Firefighter .(...: 0412
Firefighter's helmet with built-in communications (FFHBC) 0412,0605
:," firefightingboots. . . . . . . . . . . .'. .'. . . . .'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0412
Firefightinggloves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0412
. Firefighting'organisation '.. . . . . . . . .. Chap4
1!'. 'First aid firefighters. . . . . . . '. . .. . .'. : 'j . -,'1t . ~'J. :. . . . . . . . . .. 0303
j

" Fixed hatch waterwall ' 0725

Foam making branchpipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0520
..' , ,. Form 83021 (Kill Card) . . . . . . . '. . . . . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . \ I '041 Od
,'!: Forward.ControlPoint 04IOc,k, 0412, 041ge
' , . Fuel. . , l . , .'. . . . . . '. . . . . . . . '. . . . . . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . .. 0 103b, 0417b
:. '. F1.1l1firefighting rig . 0 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0'00 . . . . . . '. . . . . 'or.. . .. 0604
.' . I ~.
'Gangwaystaff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . 0. . . . . . . . :. .. 0419
f Guide lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . .'. . . . .. 041ge

. . .Halon...' 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0104d
< Harbour'flfeexerciseassessmentform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 04IOb(4)
Harbourfifeorganisation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0403
j: ":Heat . .'],,::.1 : :: 0 0 0.. 0101,0102b
!. ',' . Hellertnim rubber sleeve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .; 0503e
. 'Hose.charging , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '.. .'. . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. .. 0701
.HbS-eS:"..'.. . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . : . . . . . . 0. . 0000. . . . ... 0519
Hydrant operator/Hose handler. 0. . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . 0. 000. . . . .. 0412

! '.. IIC Main Group o. 0. . . . . . . 0. . : . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 0410

Inline inductor FBU5 ': . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. 0" 0522
Inline inductor FBUlO. . . 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . 0 0 . . . . . 0 . . .. 0523
Intermediate firefighting rig. . . . . . . . . : : . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . .. 0603

KeysRating.. .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . . 00; . ; . ; . .. . .. . . .. . . . . . ... 0416

:,,, '
LAFB 00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00. . . . . . . . . .. 0406, 0410k, 0419
".Large compartments. : . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . . 0. ; ; ; 0. 0. .. 041 i Note 2
Leanflashover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0105
Liquid/Oil fuel fifes. . 0103, 041Of,0501, 0516, 0708, 0720, 0725,.0730
Magazines. . . 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . 0. . . . . . . .. 0415
 un.. "UU I

Main Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0409

ME Specialist Party . .:... i..'.:., .1.;1' :.'.:; ,'. ..'.:','.'.;.~;.' 0417'; J
f, ;;!;t(j~/,.. I!. .. :}:C
. . : . : . : ~. ~: .. :. ~: . : . : . . 0304, 0517~f8'n(;
Nozzles';'. !.vV!I~:~;.~IJ.if:~J;:'.:.:
r ',/ t,!: . .. ". ,f {)'J;
OOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0407
Oxygen' .-..':: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . 0101-02

Personalprotection. .'.,;:.'; i :::'.: . . . . . : . . . : : . . . . . . . . . . . .. Chap6";

Personnel safety ahdcontr6l . . . . . . : . . . . . . : . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0422 ..,:

Portaple air. charging assembly. . . . . . . . . : . : : . : . . . . . . . : . . . . .. 0504

Principles.of extinction. . : : . . . . . : . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0104":
Private electrical equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0202a
...:~': ' .~-!.~:F' ". ::': '1:1'1 "

Raising the alarm' : .. .. . . : . . . .'.'. . : .. . .. .'.. . . : . .. . .. . . . . :. 030I '.';

Reduced & minimUmharbour fire orgailisations : . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0406 .

Re-ent1')1'teelmiqU'es.insUrfaceships: : . . . . . : : . . . : . . . . : : . . . . Chap 1'-'\1.
Re-entry'techrtiquesillsubmarines.: . . . . : : : : : : . . . . . . . . . . .. Chap 8' I ,"
I \":p:.; ...J, [,;~;,j!"'J"H"'" . ... . '.'
ShipPfbtect'o~~'r.r/:.:.... .:","'.. ~':;:'.".~::"!::. . . : : . . . .. 0412";);
Ship's:GeneralOtders ..: :..: .0202, 041Ob2':;.
Smokeclearance... . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. ... 0417c(3)
Smoki,ngr;p.H" :; . ... . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . : : . . . . . . . . 0202c, 0202s" "

Smotheriii'g.;;";/jqIJ,. : ...:. . . . . . :. . . ..:. . . " ..:..:. ... 0104b'I~

Solid fuel fires. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0103b(l)
Speci~list P~'$6nn'eI-;::.'n . : . . . . . . . . . . . . : . : . . . : . . . . . : . . . . : 0413~20 iI(J,

Standing:Sea Emergency Party(SSEP) : . . . . . : . : : . : . . . : . : . : . Ii)''0402'j i

Submarine firejjghtin~j::JJ!~. : . . : . . : . . : . : . : . . : : . : . . . i)j !(1':'( <!hap 8: J(
Support'P~CJ;':;.;.\.i~ !.i\(,:J ..i . . ... . . . . : . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . : : . : :. 0412: I !(
; ~';::J; jJ':~;f!u:'7"; I";Lf'~Jr;pj}~t~~? . ". .. n~-
Team.lea~erJ/!';i: .!..tI'.;~l!~'~i...: :::.:...'-.::.:.:... 04r2o.:
ThennaIImag4Ig;0~a--a(TIC):..:... 0411a, 0411 Note 1,0412, 0525iHi
TriangteQfftr~Jt
.!;.I.\;~;IW:'(!!);j.
:.-. ::. . .. .-::..: :.:.. . . .:. 'OIOV.i
i. t J
VentiJ~titmcontfO,1l'j.G,I':.-.: .. .. . . . . . . :. . :. . ::. . :. . :. . . .. 04'17c(3) '\ Ii
!-~frI'~t.:r'~...? I'.P:Jt"l/!.;U i;nqf~;!..: ;"J~!;lL1J!IU~('~I:~~.qr.
(!-Jj!;l( ~ ;. ~;.~'1H.:(
Wate~RQpera1ot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::::::. . .. 0412in i
WE S,peoiMffitPtU.'t)'i. ::. :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::. . . . . . . . . . :.. 0415 i)':{
Welding ;,(.q.I.,fJ.[.!,:;;.I.J').
:,:J.::' :::::::. ::. ::::::::... '0202k;.(
I ;;m.:!I,fiJIJi""!1 . .. 'JL!
Ypiefe'.J;"'''~'liJ'P:(.~ 04IOe"('

109
 BR 4007

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

110