MAPEH 10 REVIEWER

MUSIC Antonio J. Molina (1894-1980)

20th Century Traditional Composers He is the first National Artist for Music.

Francisco B. Buencamino Sr. (1883-1952) He is considered one of the "Triumvirate of

Filipino Composers" which includes Nicanor
Buencamino's compositions include Harana, Abelardo and Francisco Santiago.
Pandanggo ni Neneng, Collar de Sampaguita,
Dulces las Horas, Mayon (Fantasia de Molina wrote several compositions for piano,
Concierto), My Souls Lament,Larawan, violin, and voice and a Spanish-style opera
Mazurka, Boholana, Mi Bandera, Prinsesa ng form known as the zarzuela.
Kumintang, Maligayang Bati,Ang Bukang He is best known for his poignantly romantic
Liwayway, Pandanggo ni Neneng, Ang serenade for violin and piano Haringgabi.
Bagong Balitaw, Himig ng
Nayon,Damdamin (Romance), and Pizzicato He received the National Artist for Music
Caprice. Many of his piano works have award in 1973.
become a staple part of the Philippine
He studied at the Chicago Music College and
repertoire of today's young students,
was influenced by the musical styles of
especially Mayon, Larawan, and Maligayang
Schoenberg, Hindemith, and Stravinsky.
Bati. He also wrote several zarzuelas and
kundimans. He passed away on October 16, Hilarion F. Rubio (1902-1985)
1952, after which a posthumous award
A composer, music teacher, conductor, and
honored him with the title "Outstanding
clarinetist, he created substantial works for
Composer."
the orchestra.
Francisco S. Santiago (1889-1947)
He served as conductor for opera, ballet,
He is known as the "Father of the Kundiman" dance recitals, and movie music.
and belongs to the "Triumvirate of Filipino
Composers." He was conductor of the National Opera
He composed several works such as Company for 23 years from 1937 to 1960.
kundiman, symphonies, piano concerti, and Colonel Antonino R. Buenaventura (1904-
other music pieces for the piano, violin, and
1996)
voice.
He became the first Filipino Director of the considered "one of thebest military bands in
University of the Philippines' (UP) the world."
Conservatory of Music.
He was declared National Artist for Music in
1988.
Nicanor Sta. Ana Abelardo (1893-1934)
Dr. Rodolfo Soldevilla Cornejo (1909-1991)
He is one of the "Triumvirate of Filipino
Composers" which includes Antonio Molina His first composition at age 10 was a piano
and Francisco Santiago. piece entitled Glissando Waltz. It was
followed three years later by a military march
entitledSalute. At the age of 14. Cornejo A prolific composer, he wrote several piano
already had 26 compositionslisted by the concerti, sonatas, symphonies, symphonic
United Publishing Company Inc. poems. five operas in Filipino, numerous
band overtures, and more than 200 marches.
He was a founding member of the League of
He also wrote 50 Masses in Latin and 20 in
Filipino Composers, and is listed in"The
English.
International Who's Who in Music."
Alfredo Santos Buenaventura (Born 1929)
Felipe Padilla de Leon (1912-1992)
He a with trumpets and trombones, he
He then worked as an assistant conductor of
became a band member in his hometown at a
the Nueva Ecija High School Orchestrawhere
young age and eventually one of the band's
he started doing musical arrangements and
arrangers and conductors. he also wrote his
eventually writing music for the zarzuela.
first composition, Danza.
De Leon wrote piano compositions, hymns,
He is a member of the League of Filipino
marches, art songs, chamber music,
Composers, and has twice received the
symphonicpoems, overtures, band music,
Republic Cultural Heritage Award as well as
school songs, orchestral works, operas,
The Outstanding Filipino Award (TOFIL) for
kundiman, and a zarzuelas.
Music in 1995.
he received a posthumous award as National
Raymundo Cipriano "Ryan" Pujante
Artist for Music in 1997.
Cayabyab (Born 1964)
Lucio Diestro San Pedro (1913-2002)
He is a popular contemporary composer who
San Pedro is known as a "romantic also has classical compositions to his credit,
nationalist." such as Misa, Four Poems for Soprano and
Piano, and Te Deum. His compositional style
He incorporated Philippine folk elements in makes much use of of syncopation,
his compositions with Western forms to syncopation, extended, chords, and
create highly tonal melody and rich chromatic harmony.
expressive harmonies.
He spans both popular and classical worlds
His chords have a rich expressive tonality, as with his pop music, ballads, operas,
represented in his well-loved Sa Ugoy ng zarzuelas, orchestral arrangements. musicals,
Duvan, a lullaby melody sung by his mother. masses, psalms, and choral compositions. His
He was declared National Artist for Music in compositions are mostly of traditional
1991. Western influence.

Rosendo Ejercito Santos Jr. ( Born 1929) New Music Composers

Santos was awarded the "Philippine Jose Maceda (1917 - 2004)

Composer of the Century" after receiving the Maceda’s musical style changed when he
"Composer of the Year Award" in Manila in encountered the music of the indigenous
1956 and 1957. tribes of Mindoro in 1973.
He combined sounds of the environment with Jerry A. Dadap (1935)
ethic instruments. His compositions were
He earned his Bachelor's Degree in Music,
usually for large groups of musicians.
major in Composition, at the Conservatory of
Among his works are Ugma-Ugma (1963), a Music, University of the Philippines in 1964.
work for voice and ethnic instrument;
Dadap started composing when he was still
Agungan (1975), a piece for six gong
studying at Silliman University in the
families; Pagsamba (1963) , a musical ritual
southern city of Dumaguete.
for a circular auditoruim using serveral ethnic
percussion instruments; Cassettes 100 Among his numerous compositions are The
(1971) , a composition for 100 cassette tape Passionate and the Wild (1960), Mangamuyo
recorders; and Ugnayan (1974) , an ethnic l (1976) and Mangamuyo II (1977), The
piece played at the same time over several Redemption (1974), Five Little Fingers
radio stations. Considered as the first Filipino (1975), Tubig ng Buhay (1986), Dakilang
avant garde composer. He also worked at a Pagpapatawad (1986),Andres Bonifacio,
recording studio in Paris in 1958 which Ang Dakilang Anak Pawis, Ang Pag-ibig ng
specialized in musique concrete. Diyos, Balitaw Nos. 1-7, Lamang Epic,
Lorenzo Ruiz, Chorale Symphonic Ode Nos.
Lucrecia R. Kasalig (1918- 2008)
1 and 2, Aniway at Tomaneg,Song Cycle Nos.
Kasilag’s compositions demonstrated a 1-4,Choral Cycle Nos. 1-3, and Diyos Ama ay
fusion of Eastern and Western styles in using Purihin.
instruments, melody, harmony , and rhythm.
His major works as composer-conductor
She is particularly known for incorporating were performed at the concert "LAHI"' that
indigenous Filipino instruments into featured works by major local composers.
orchestral productions.
Fr. Manual P. Maramba, Osb (1936)
Among Kasilag's many compositions are
He is one of the most accomplished
Toccata for Percussion and Winds
musicians and liturgists in the Philippines
(1959),composed for indigenous Muslim
during the second half of the 20th century.
instruments and Western instruments; The
Legend of the Sarimanok (1963), composed When he was 11 years old, he gave his first
for chamber orchestra and Philippine public performance at the Bamboo Organ in
ethnicinstruments; Divertissement and Las Piñas.
Concertante (1960), compositions for piano
and orchestra combining Western and He has composed operas like Aba!, Sto. Niño,
Eastern forms, harmonies, and intervals; and La Naval, and Lord Takayama Ukon.
Dularawan (1969), a musical drama His other major compositions are the music
combining a dance solo with a chorus and an for Awakening which was commissioned by
ethnic orchestra. Ballet Philippines and the music for
Her other works include compositions for Philippine Ballet Theater's production of
piano, instrumental ensemble, and chorus. Seven Mansions; three masses - Papal Mass
She continued to compose until the time of for World Youth Day, (1995); Mass in Honor
her death. of St. Lorenzo Ruiz, and the Mass in Honor of
the Sto. Niño; three cantatas -St. Lorenzo Feliciano composed more than 30 major
Ruiz, St. Benedict, and St.Scholastica; Three works, including the musical dramas Sikhay
Psalms-A hymn in honor of St. Lorenzo Ruiz, sa Kabila ng Paalam, Ashen Wings, and the
and the official hymn of the 1996 National monumental three-act opera La Loba Negra
Eucharistic Congress; a zarzuela entitled Ang (1984). He also wrote music for the orchestra
Sarswela sa San Salvador,and three such as Prelude and Toccata (1973),
orchestral works- Pugad Lawin, The Virgin Fragments (1976),Life of Wartime Filipino
of Naval, and Transfiguration. Hero Jose Abad Santos, and the ballet Yerma
(1982).
Ramon P. Santos (1941)
Feliciano composed hundreds of liturgical
Santos' compositional style features
pieces, Mass settings, hymns,and songs for
chromaticism, music seria, and electronic
worship.He founded the Asian Institute for
components, combined with indigenous
Liturgy and Music (AILM) in Quezon City, a
Philippine music elements.
school for church musicians, and supervised
His works include Ding Ding Nga Diyawa, the publication of a new Asian hymnal
Nabasag na Banga at Iba t iba pang Pinag- containing mostly works of Asian composers.
ugpong-ugpong na Pananalita sa Wikang He was conferred the title of National Artist
Pilipino para sa Labing Anim na Tinig, and for Music in 2014.
L'BAD.
Josefino “ Chino” J. Toledo (1959)
He has done extensive research on the
He is a recognized figure in the Asian
Javanese gamelan as well as the traditional
contemporary art music scene.
music of the Ibaloi, Maranao,
Mansaka,Bontoc, Yakan, and Boholano Among his awards are the following: Ten
tribes in the Philippines. Outstanding Young Men(TOYM);
International Award for the Arts, Civitella
Santos held the position of Dean of the UP
Ranieri Fellowship in Italy; and the
College of Music from 1978 to 1988.At
Chancellor Awards for Outstanding Musical
present,he is the head of the UP Center of
Works, University of the Philippines.
Ethnomusicology and was appointed
Professor Emeritus of the same institution. Toledo was a member of the Pangkat
He was conferred the title of National Artist Kawayan (a bamboo orchestra) from 1966 to
for Music in 2014. 1979 and the Philippine Youth Orchestra
(PYO) in 1977-1978.
Francisco F. Feliciano (1942- 2014)
He was the country's representative to the
He is avant-garde composer and conductor
1980 Young Composers Conference in Hong
for band and chorus.
Kong, the ASEAN Composers Forum on
His first exposure to music was with the Traditional Music in 1989(Philippines) and
Morriz Band, a brass ensemble established 1993(Singapore), the 1995 ASEAN
and owned by his father, Maximiano Composers Workshop (Indonesia), and the
Feliciano. 1996 International Composers Workshop
(Gaudeamus, Amsterdam). He was also a
fellow at the 1990 Pacific Music Festival and and 20 muffled "forest" voices (1981)
Pacific Composers Conference (Japan).
BASBASAN (Blessing) for 20 bean-pod
Jonas Baes (1961) rattles and 20 muffled men's voices (1983)
Baes is known for writing music utilizing Baes received the Gawad Chancellor para sa
unorthodox musical instruments such as Pinakamahusay na Mananaliksik (Hall of
bean-pod rattles, leaves, iron-nail chimes, Fame, 2003) from the University of the
various Asian instruments such as bamboo Philippines
scrapers and bamboo flutes, and vocal music
ARTS
using Asian vocal techniques. His early
works in the 1980s were influenced by Media- based Arts and Design in the
Maceda in the use of large numbers of Philippines: Photography and Filmmaking
performers.
In its early stages during the late 19th century,
Among Baes' musical compositions are: photography was viewed as a
purely technical process, that of recording
Imagined Community, after Benedict
visible images by light action on light-
Anderson for four bamboo scrapers, bamui
sensitive materials. In fact, its very name-
trail caller, sarunai for oboe, khaen for mouth
from the Greek "photos" (meaning light) and
organ, and about a hundred iron-nail chimes
graphos"(meaning writing)—states this
distributed among the audience (1997/2001)
process literally.
WALA (Nothingness) for seven or hundreds
In comparison to the highly regarded arts of
of men's voices (1997/2001)
painting and sculpture, then, photography
DALUY (Flowlinterval music for five was not immediately considered an art. But it
animator-percussionists and about a hundred was not long before the artistry of 20th right
century photographers elevated this "light
bird whistles distributed among the audience
writing" to an aesthetic form in its own right.
(1994)
The Photographer as Artist
IBO-IBON (Birdwoman )for dancer wearing
small bells, two large wind chimes passed Focusing a camera at a subject and clicking
around the audience, four animator-callers, the shutter is photography as process.
and iron-nail chimes played by the Discerning a significant moment or a unique
audience(1996) expression, framing it in the camera
viewfinder with an eye for composition, and
SALAYSAY for solo voice, three
then clicking the shutter is photography as
percussionists, and pairs of pebbles
art. That discernment and that eye for
distributed among the audience
composition are the factors that elevate a
PATANGIS-BUWAYA (And the Crocodile photographer from a mere recorder of images
Weeps) for four sub-contrabass recorders or to an artist.
any blown instruments (2003)
In a pictorial' shoot, the photographer may
PANTAWAG(Music for Calling People)for position lighting, modify the lens setting, or
15 bamboo scrapers, 15 palm leaves, use filters to create an effect he or she has
conceptualized beforehand. The tools and For these reasons, photographs are vital tools
techniques may not be those of the traditional in communication fields such as journalism,
artist, but the aesthetic principles are the advertising, education, and even in courts of
same. law. They have also been used to eloquently
speak out against social and political issues.
For today's photographers, the process goes
even further. They may take the exposed film Noteworthy Philippine Photographers
into a dark room or subject the digital images-
George Tapan is an award-winning travel
to their photo editing software-and there
photographer who has won two Pacific Asia
manipulate the images with a myriad photo
Tourism Association (PATA) Gold awards,
enhancement techniques and tools currently
an ASEAN Tourism Association award, and
available.
first place in the 2011 National Geographic
Whether left untouched from the instant the Photo Contest. His highly acclaimed work
image was captured or was digitally or has been published in five travel photography
manually altered, the resulting photographs books.
can be startlingly impactful. It becomes clear
John K. Chua is best known as an advertising
how the photographer has captured the
and Commercial photographer, with over 40
elements of form, color, light and shadow,
years of experience in this field and
texture, and composition to create a true work
numerous local and international awards for
of art.
his work. At the same time, he has applied his
Photography as Communication photo artistry to showcasing the beauty of the
Philippines.
Being a modern art form means that
photography is now viewed as being more Film
than just about the beautiful. It is also
Another art form which has risen to
considered one of the most powerful means
tremendous heights within the last -century is
of communication.
film or cinema. As its early name "motion
Next to the printed word, the photographic pictures"declared, film brought yet another
image is today's most important means of dimension into play-that of moving images.
conveying information and ideas, expressing The possibilities of this medium created a
emotions, even championing causes. new art form that was to become a powerful
social and economic force, and a legacy of the
This power comes from two distinctive
20th century to the world.
characteristics of photography: immediacy
and detail. An image recorded by a camera A Technology-driven Art
has a sense of authenticity. Because the lens
Cinema, just as all modern arts, has been
captures the image objectively, the resulting
greatly influenced by technology. In the case
photograph is regarded as 'true to life' and 'of
of cinema, however, it is an art form that
the moment.' At the same time, the camera
came into being because of technological
takes in every detail of an image. Thus the
advances. The transition from still
photograph has a sense of completeness.
photography came in the late 1800s with
"series photography" and the invention of
celluloid strip film. This allowed successive then had to learn to deliver their lines
still photos of a moving subject to be captured naturally and believably.
on a strip of film advancing through a single
Cinematography
camera. This was the seed of the highly
advanced film medium we enjoy today. Behind the scenes, there was cinematography
or the art of film camera work. This captured
The Collaborative Art of Filmmaking
the director's vision of each scene through
Filmmaking, because of its technical camera placement and movement, lighting,
complexity, involves entire teams of and other special techniques.
artists,writers, and production experts,
Editing
supported by technicians taking charge of the
Cameras, lighting equipment, sets, props, This was joined by film editing, the art of
costumes, and the like-all under the selecting the precise sections of film, then
supervision of a film director. sequencing and joining them to achieve the
director's desired visual and emotional effect.
Film directing
Sound editing was also developed, as films
It is the director, like the painter and sculptor began to include more ambitious effects
in traditional art, who envisions the final beyond the dialogue and background music.
effect of the film on its viewers, visually,
Production/Set design
mentally, and emotionally. While the painter
and sculptor work with physical materials, Underlying all these was the art of production
the film director works with ideas, images, and set design. This recreated in physical
sounds, and other effects to create this unique terms-through location, scenery, sets,
piece of art. He or she conceptualizes the lighting,costumes, and props-the mental
scenes, directs the acting, supervises the image that the director had of how each scene
cinematography and finally the editing and should look, what period it should depict, and
sound dubbing in much the same way as a what atmosphere it should convey. This
visual artist composes an artwork. Clearly, included creating worlds that did not exist as
however, the director does not do all these well as worlds that were long gone,designing
alone. each production component down to the very
last detail.
Through the years, the complexity of
filmmaking gave rise to numerous allied arts Again, all these allied arts were made
that did not previously exist. possible through the advances of modern
technology. From cumbersome machines that
Acting
could barely be moved, today's highly
First and foremost, there was the art of acting sophisticated cameras and accessories can
for film. With live theater as the only form of handle even the most demanding camera
acting at that time, film actors had to learn to work. From the era of silent films, today's
express themselves without the exaggerated films incorporate a vast range of voice,music,
facial expressions and gestures used on stage. and sound effects to suit an ever-widening
With the addition of sound in the 1930s, they array of film genres. From manual rendering,
today's animated films use the awesome
capabilities of computers to amaze film and television media, having become
moviegoers of all ages. known for well-loved teleseryes(television
drama series).
Philippine Filmmakers
Brillante Mendoza
In the Philippine film scene, the American
influence was evident in the pre-World War He was originally a production designer for
II and Liberation years with song-and-dance films, commercials, and music videos, and
musicals, romantic dramas, and comedy started directing films in 2005. In just four
films. Beginning with the turbulent 1970s, years, his film Kinatay (The Execution of P)
however, progressive Filipino directors won him the Best Director award at the
emerged to make movies dealing with highly prestigious Cannes Film Festival of
current social issues and examining the 2009.
Filipino character.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Laurice Guillen (1981)
Street and Hip - Hop Dance Styles
Salome earned international acclaim at the
Street dance refers to dance styles that have
Toronto International Film Festival. Her
evolved outside of dance studios It is
more recent films, such as Tanging Yaman
performed in streets, dance parties, parks,
(2001),which won Best Picture in the Metro
school yards, or in any available space It is
Manila Film Festival, American Adobo
often improvisational and social in nature,
(2002),Santa Santita (2004), and Sa Yo
encouraging interaction and contact with
Lamang (2010), all gained her recognition
spectators and other dancers.
among the current generation of Filipino
moviegoers. A full street dance is a collection of various
similar dance moves and styles put together
Marilou Diaz Abaya
into one practice and regarded as the same
She captured the attention and respect of the dance.
viewing public with powerful films such as
Hip-hop is a cultural movement best known
Jose Rizal (1998), perfectly timed for the
for its impact on music in the form of the
centennial celebration of Philippine
musical genre of the same name. It has its
independence; Muro-ami (1999), which
origins in the Bronx, in New York City,
bravely exposed the deadly practice of using
during the 1970s, mostly among African
child-divers to pound for fish in the
Americans and some influence of Latin
Philippines' coral reefs;and Bagong Buwan
Americans. Hip-hop culture is composed of
(2001), which dealt with the human cost of
the pillars such as DJ-ing,
the Muslim-Christian conflict in Mindanao.
rapping.breakdancing, and graffiti art.
Maryo J. delos Reyes
The heartwarming drama film Magnifico
Hip-hop dance, on the other hand, refers to
won for him the Best Director distinction at
street dance styles primarily performed to
the 2003 FAMAS Awards and garnered other
hip-hop music or that have evolved as part of
local and international film awards as well.
hip-hop culture. Hip-hop music incorporates
Delos Reyes continues to be active in both
a number of iconic elements, most notably that you are doing, locking your body into a
DJing and rapping,along with things like beat position, holding it, and then continuing at
boxing, sampling, and juggling beats on the same speed as before. In locking, dancers
turntables. hold their positions longer. The lock is the
primary move used in locking. It is similar to
a freeze or a sudden pause. A locker's dancing
STREET AND HIP-HOP DANCE is characterized by frequently locking in
STYLES place and after a brief freeze moving again.

B-Boying Krumping
B-boying or breaking, also called Krumping is a form of dancing that
breakdancing, is a style of street dance and originated in the African-American
the first hip-hop dance style that originated community of South Central Los Angeles,
among Black and Puerto Rican youths in California and is a relatively new form of the
New York City during the early 1970s. A "Urban"Black dance movement. It is free,
expressive and highly energetic. Most people
and his crew the Electric Boogaloos. It is paint their faces in different designs.
based on the technique of quickly contracting Krumping is a dance style to release anger. It
and relaxing muscles to practitioner of this is reported that gang riots in the United States
dance is called a b-boy,b-girl, or breaker. decreased because of krumping style.
Although the term breakdance is frequently
used to refer to the dance, b-boying and
breaking are the original terms,
Tutting
Popping
It is a creative way of making geometric
Popping was popularized by Samuel shapes forming right angle using your body
Boogaloo Sam Solomon cause a jerk in a parts. The style was originally practiced by
dancer's body. young funk dancers. It is derived from the
positions people were drawn in during the
Popping forces parts of your body outwards, days of the Ancient Egyptians. It is the
similar to an explosion within parts of your positions seen in these portraits that have
body. Popping also contracts muscles, but it been adopted by dancers today. Tutting is still
is followed by relaxation that gives it the a greatly respected move and King Tut aka
jerking appearance of popping. Mark Benson is widely acclaimed for
pioneering the style.

Locking
Locking or campbellocking, was created by Shuffling
Don Campbellock Campbellin 1969 in Los The Melbourne Shuffle (also known as
Angeles, California. It was popularized by his Rocking or simply The Shuffle) is a rave and
crew, The Lockers. Locking can be identified club dance that originated in the late 1980s in
by its distinctive stops. It is usually the underground rave music scene in
performed by stopping the fast movement Melbourne, Australia. The basic movements
of the dance are a fast heel-and- toe action √ improved mental functions
with a style suitable for various types of
√ improved general and psychological well-
electronic music. Some variants incorporate
being
arm movements. People who dance the
shuffle are often referred to as rockers, due in √ greater self-confidence and self-esteem
part to the popularity of shuffling to rock
music in the early 1990s. √ better social skills.
Our lifestyle is the way we live. It is
composed of a variety of elements and habits:
Waacking what we eat, what we drink, our level of
exercise, how well we sleep, how well we
Waacking" is an African American form of
manage stress and adapt to stressful
street dance originating from the 1970's disco
situations, our behaviour and how we interact
era of the underground club scenes in Los
with people, not forgetting our sense of
Angeles and New York City. Waacking
belonging and purpose in life. It is also
consists of stylized posing and fast
affected by how we think and how we see life
synchronized arm movements to the beat of
in general and by our attitude and the choices
the music. Today, waacking is a popular
we make when confronted with the changes
element of hip hop dance.
and challenges of life

Health Benefits of Dancing

Dancing as a recreational activity can be a
way to stay fit for people of all ages, shapes,
and sizes. It has a wide range of physical and
mental benefits including:
√ improved condition of your heart and
lungs)
increased muscular strength, endurance, and
motor fitness
√ increased aerobic fitness
√ improved muscle tone and strength
√ weight management
√ stronger bones and reduced risk of
osteoporosis
√ better coordination, agility, and flexibility
√ improved balance and spatial awareness
√ increased physical confidence