CHAPTER 1.1-Definition and Attributes of Information

CHAPTER 1
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
CONCEPTS
Prepared by: Engr. Karen M. Argente
1.1 DEFINITION,
ATTRIBUTES OF
INFORMATION
O b j e c t i ve s 01 To know information
concepts
02 To determine what are

the different attributes
of information
03 To know system
concepts
“In contemporary business settings,
organizations are increasingly aware of
the potential of information in
providing competitive advantage and
sustaining their success”
-Porter
5
INFORMATION CONCEPTS
DATA
DATA CONSISTS OF RAW FACTS, SUCH
AS AN EMPLOYEE NUMBER, TOTAL

HOURS WORKED IN A WEEK,
INVENTORY PART NUMBERS, OR SALES
ORDERS.
DATA ARE NUMBERS, WORDS OR

IMAGES THAT HAVE YET TO BE
ORGANISED OR ANALYSED TO ANSWER
A SPECIFIC QUESTION
60% 40%
INFORMATION
INFORMATION IS A COLLECTION 15%
OF FACTS ORGANIZED IN SUCH A
WAY THAT THEY HAVE 25%
ADDITIONAL VALUE BEYOND THE
VALUE OF THE INDIVIDUAL 35%
INFORMATION FACTS. (INTERPRETATION)
25%
/FACEBOOK
.
INFORMATION IS USED THROUGHOUT THE
ORGANISATION TO MAKE JUDGEMENTS ABOUT
EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND
@TWITTER RESPONSIVENESS OF SERVICES AND IN MAKING
COMPLEX DECISIONS ABOUT PRIORITIES AND THE
USE OF RESOURCES
INFORMATION
PRODUCED THROUGH PROCESSING,

MANIPULATING AND ORGANISING DATA
TO ANSWER QUESTIONS, ADDING TO
THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE RECEIVER
KNOWLEDGE
INVOLVES INTERPRETING
INFORMATION RECEIVED 85%
ADDING RELEVANCE AND
CONTEXT TO CLARIFY THE
INSIGHTS THE
INFORMATION CONTAINS
70%
KNOWLEDGE IS THE AWAR
ENESS AND UNDERSTANDI
NG OF A SET OF INFORMAT 65%
ION
KNOWLEDGE IS THE WAYS

THAT INFORMATION CAN B
E MADE USEFUL TO SUPPO 55% C E R T I F I C AT E
RT A SPECIFIC TASK OR RE
ACH A DECISION
“The critical success factor for successful
management is the strategic use of
information and a positive correlation has
been found between management success
and effective information needs
assessment, gathering and use”
-Goodman
IT IS CRUCIAL THAT
MANAGERS SHOULD BE
AWARE THAT WHAT
INFORMATION THEY REQUIRE,
HOW TO ACQUIRE IT AND HOW
TO MAXIMIZE THE USE OF IT
IN ORDER TO SURVIVE AND
PROSPER IN TODAY’S
INFORMATION-INTENSIVE
ENVIRONMENT
WHAT MANAGERS DO KNOW?
FROM WHOM SHOULD I BE BETTING WHAT NEW TASKS SHOULD I
IT? ABANDON?
IN WHAT FORM?
WHICH TASKS SHOULD I DO

DIFFERENTLY?
WHEN DO I NEED IT?
WHAT INFORMATION DO I OWE?

WHAT INFORMATION DO I NEED TO
DO MY JOB?
ATTRIBUTES OF INFORMATION
ATTRIBUTE IS A PROPERTY OR
A CHARACTERISTIC
Good
Bad
Timeliness can also be
seen as task-dependent,
Coherence implies that
meaning that the two or more values do not While providing information,
information is timely Is the degree to which conflict with each other it must be in such a format
enough to be used for a information is not that it is uncomplicated and
specific task missing, enough Inconsistent information easily understood by the end
Information must be timely, information to allow you tends to confuse people user.
and not “stale”. Stale means to make a decision and allows them to
no longer new or fresh discount some or all of it
TIMELINESS COMPLETENESS COHERENCE
SECURITY ACCURACY
If information is not Protecting information from
disasters Is the degree of
secure, it can be easily
correctness and
intercepted by any Information must be
precision. It is a very
intelligent opponent accessible
important quality
(terrorist, criminals) and Protecting information from dimension for decision
used in a harmful intentional and unintentional
making purpose
manner human acts
USABILITY
RELEVANT SIMPLE FLEXIBLE ECONOMICAL
IS IT IS IT IS IT
IS IT EASY TO
IMPORTANT ADAPTABLE AFFORDABLE
UNDERSTAN
FOR YOU? FOR YOUR TO GET IT?
D?
NEEDS?
DELIVERY
TIMELY SECURE ACCESSIBLE
IS IT AVAILABLE IS IT EASY TO IS IT AT YOUR

WHEN YOU NEED KEEP IT SERVICE
IT? CONFIDENTIAL? WHEN YOU
NEED IT?
QUALITY
ACCURATE VERIFIABLE COMPLETE RELIABLE
IS IT
IS IT TRUE OR IS IT PROVEN, IS IT CLEAR GENERATED
SUSTAINABLE AND
CORRECT EVEN AND ENOUGH
AND PROCESSED BY
IN SMALL FOR DECISION VERIFIABLE
DETAILS? SUPPORTABLE? MAKERS? SOURCES?
SYSTEM CONCEPTS
SYSTEM IS A SET OF ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THAT INTERACT TO

ACCOMPLISH GOALS
1
DATA,INFORMATION,
KNOWLEDGE
gathering
gathering
gathering INPUT
gathering capturing
capturing
capturing
RAW
DATA
converting
calculations
DATA
PROCESSING t r a n s f o r mi n g
taking
alternative comparing
actions s t o ri n g
STORAGE
for future use
p roducing
USEFUL
INFORMATION OUTPUT documents
reports
i n f o r ma t i o n
C O R R E C T
C H A N G E S FEEDBACK
check INPUT
for ecast ing
CONCEPT OF INCFO
ONRC
MEAPTTIOONF
SYSTEM
INFORMATION
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
THANK YOU

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CHAPTER 1

02 To determine what are

AS AN EMPLOYEE NUMBER, TOTAL

DATA ARE NUMBERS, WORDS OR

PRODUCED THROUGH PROCESSING,

KNOWLEDGE IS THE WAYS

WHICH TASKS SHOULD I DO

WHEN DO I NEED IT?

WHAT INFORMATION DO I OWE?

IS IT AVAILABLE IS IT EASY TO IS IT AT YOUR

SYSTEM IS A SET OF ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THAT INTERACT TO

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