MEET 422L2 - Prelims - Experiment 2 - HP Eff - Gear Speed Ratios

DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARINAS
Dasmariñas, Cavite
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE, AND TECHNOLOGY
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
Name : _________________________ Date Started : __________
Course-Year &Section : __________ Date Completed: __________
No. of Hours Required : __________ Date Due : __________
Rating : __________
Experiment No. 2
HORSEPOWER, EFFICIENCY
GEAR RATIO AND SPEED RATIO
OBJECTIVE:
To know the importance of horsepower, efficiency, gear ratio and speed ratio.
FOREWORD:
Horsepower is defined as the amount of energy or work required to overcome, raise, create or force a
weight of 33,000 pounds to a height or distance of one foot in one minute tune. In simple terms, one
horsepower is 33,000 foot-pounds of work done in one minute.
Indicated horsepower (Ihp) represents the power developed in the engine cylinder as obtained
from the pressure in the cylinder. In relation to brake horsepower and friction horsepower, indicated
horsepower is the sum of the brake horsepower and friction horsepower. Indicated horsepower does not
represent the actual useful horsepower delivered by the engine.
Brake horsepower (bhp) is the actual horsepower delivered by the engine to the drive shaft; it is
equal to the indicated horsepower less or minus the friction horsepower in the engine. It is sometimes
referred to useful horsepower.
Friction horsepower (fhp) is the pressure and torque spent in overcoming friction of reciprocating
and revolving parts of the engine before it reach the drive shafts. Friction horsepower is equal to indicated
less the brake horsepower. It is sometimes referred to useful horsepower.
Effective horsepower is the final horsepower developed and delivered to the equipment. An
engine maybe operating compressors, pumps and auxiliary equipment. The difference between indicated
horsepower and effective horsepower maybe as much as 25 percent.
The mean effective pressure is obtained via the engine indicator card and equals the average
pressure exerted on the piston throughout one power stroke.
The number of power strokes is obtained from the speed of the engine, by the speed indicator
(the number of revolutions per minute or rpm).
A single belt travelling 1,000 feet per minute will transmit one horsepower per inch of width; a
double belt will transmit twice this amount.
EXERCISES:
1. At what speed must an engine run to drive a generator at 2,000 rpm when the generator has a 4-
inch pulley and the engine a 16-inch pulley?
2. What is the diameter of the engine pulley requires to drive a generator at a speed of 2,000 rpm,
when the generator pulley is 4 inches in diameter and the engine speed is 500 rpm?
3. What size of pulley must be used on generator to be driven at a speed of 2,000 rpm, if the engine
speed is 500 rpm and the engine pulley is 16 inches in diameter?
4. At what speed will the generator run if it has a 4 inch pulley and is driven by an engine having a
16 inch pulley and running at 500 rpm?
ANSWER TO EXERCISES (Use extra sheet if necessary)
Examine construction of dynamometer and sketch arrangement. For each speed calculate foot-
pounds per minute corresponding to readings of dynamometer and plot curve with these as abscissas
and foot-pounds by brake as ordinate. Plot also curve for each speed of reading of dynamometer as
abscissas and net brake load in pounds as ordinates. Discuss the result of the graph.
Tabulation of Data (Final Data Sheet)
RUN W1 W2 RPM TORQUE BHP

1
2
3
4
5
PROBLEM SOLVNG:
1. A six cylinder automotive engine with 9 x 9 cm bore and stroke has a brake fuel consumption of
8.5 x 10-5 kg/kW-s at 300 RPM. Brake Work = 86 kW, indicated work = 105kW. The thermal
efficiency of the ideal cycle is 47% and the fuel has a heating value of 44,186 kJ/kg. Determine
the following:
a. Mechanical efficiency
b. Brake thermal efficiency
c. Indicated thermal efficiency
d. Brake engine efficiency
e. Indicated engine efficiency
f. Brake mean effective pressure
g. Indicated mean effective pressure
2. An 8 cylinder, 3.81 x 3.63 inch automotive engine running at 4,600 RPM develops 250 Bhp. Data
are:
Compression ratio = 8.5
Air-fuel ratio = 12.6
Fuel consumption = 0.47 lb/Bhp-hour with a lower heating value of 18,800 Btu/lb
Dynamometer brake arm length = 21 inch
Barometer = 29.75 in Hg
Room temperature = 85 F
From these data, calculate:
a. The brake mean effective pressure
b. The brake thermal efficiency
c. The brake torque
d. The volumetric efficiency
e. The brake engine efficiency based on the hot air standard with k = 1.34

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DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARINAS

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM

Name : _________________________ Date Started : __________

Course-Year &Section : __________ Date Completed: __________

No. of Hours Required : __________ Date Due : __________

GEAR RATIO AND SPEED RATIO

Tabulation of Data (Final Data Sheet)

RUN W1 W2 RPM TORQUE BHP

b. Brake thermal efficiency

c. Indicated thermal efficiency

d. Brake engine efficiency

e. Indicated engine efficiency

f. Brake mean effective pressure

g. Indicated mean effective pressure

Air-fuel ratio = 12.6

Dynamometer brake arm length = 21 inch

From these data, calculate:

a. The brake mean effective pressure

b. The brake thermal efficiency

c. The brake torque

d. The volumetric efficiency

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Name : _______________ Date Started :

Course-Year &Section : Date Completed:

No. of Hours Required : Date Due :