Airport Engineering
Airport Engineering
Airport Engineering
Prepared By:
Engr. Rey Mickel W. Avena
Airports
Airports are essential
components of modern air
travel. An airport is an area of
land that is used or intended to
be used for the landing and
takeoff of aircraft, and includes
its buildings and facilities, if any.
Aircraft
An aircraft is a heavier-than-air
flying machine, which includes
fixed and rotary wing vehicles:
airplanes, helicopters, gliders,
ultralights, gyrocopters, and
unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAV’s).
Common Airport Features
Runway
A runway is a defined
rectangular surface on an
airport suitable for the landing
or takeoff of aircraft. A single
airport may have multiple
runways. Runways may be
man-made (asphalt and/or
concrete) or natural surfaces
such as ice, turf, dirt, or sand.
Runway Geometric
- Length of runway
- Width of runway strip
- Sight Distance
- Longitudinal and Effective Gradient
- Rate of Change of Longitudinal Gradient
- Transverse Gradient
- Safety Area
Runway Length
1 18 18 23 - -
2 23 23 30 - -
3 30 30 30 45 -
4 - - 45 45 45
Sight Distance
-Generally no sight distance restrictions as the longitudinal
gradients for the runway are quite gentle.
-Runway grade should be such that any two points Y meters above
runway centerline will be mutually visible for a minimum distance of X
Runway Gradient
- Longitudinal and Effective gradient
- The longitudinal gradient of the runway increases the
required runway length
- It also affects the aircraft’s performance
- These should be as flat as possible to avoid excessive
engine thrust
- ICAO limits the maximum longitudinal gradient to 1.25 to
1.5 percent for runways that serve the largest type of
aircraft.
- Rate of change of Effective longitudinal gradient