Equation of A Circle

EQUATION OF A CIRCLE
1. (x – h) 𝟐 + (y – k) 𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 Standard form with center (h,k)

and radius r units
*The values of h and k indicate that the circle is
translated h units horizontally and k units vertically
from the origin
2. x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 Standard form with center at the

origin
THE GRAPH OF THE CIRCLE
With center at (h,k) With center at the origin

(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k) 𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
y y
P(x,y)
Q(x,y)
r
r
.(h,k)
x (0,0)
x
WRITING THE EQUATION OF A CIRCLE GIVEN THE CENTER AND
RADIUS
Examples:
3. Center at origin and a radius of 4 units
1. Center at (2, 7) and a radius of 6 units
Solution: C(0,0), r = 4 units
Solution: (x – 2) 2 + (y – 7) 2 = 62 x2 + y2 = 42
(x – 2) 𝟐 + (y – 7) 𝟐 = 36 x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 16
2. C(-5, 3) , r = 12 units 4. C(3,0) , r = 15units
Solution: (x + 5) 2 + (y – 3) 2 = 122 Solution:
(x + 5) 𝟐 + (y – 3) 𝟐 = 144 (x−3) 2 + y2 = 152
(x − 𝟑)𝟐 + y𝟐 = 225
QUIZ
WRITE THE EQUATION OF THE FOLLOWING CIRCLES GIVEN
THE CENTER AND THE RADIUS
1. Center at (2, 5) and radius of 4 units 6. C( 2, 1) and radius of 4 units
2. Center at (-4, 3) and radius of 6 units 7. C(-4, 1) and radius of 3 units
3. Center at (-2, -5) and radius of 5 units 8. C(0, -7) and radius of 5 units
4. Center at origin and radius of 7 units 9. C(-1, -6) , r = 8 units
5. Center at (1, -8) and radius of 5 units 10. C(0,0) , r = 9 units

Writing the equation of a circle in general form
𝟐 𝟐
x + y + Dx + Ey + F = 0
where D, E, and F are real numbers.
The General Equation is the expanded

equation of Standard form.
Examples:
1. Write the general equation of a circle with center C(4, -1) and a
radius of 7 units. Then determine the values od D , E and F.
Solution: Given :C(h,k), where h = 4, and k = -1, r = 7 units
(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 ( Substitute the given)
(x – 4) 𝟐 + (y + 1) 𝟐 = 𝟕𝟐 (Simplify)
(x 𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 )+ ( y𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏) = 49
x 𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 + y𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 = 49
x 𝟐 + y𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 + +𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏𝟕 − 𝟒𝟗 = 𝟎
x 𝟐 + y𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟑𝟐 = 𝟎
where D = -8
E= 2
F = -32
2. Write the general equation of a circle with center C(0, -3) and a
radius of 5 units. Then determine the values od D , E and F.
Solution: Given :C(h,k), where h = 0, and k = -3, r = 5 units
(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 ( Substitute the given)
x 𝟐 + (y + 3) 𝟐 = 𝟓𝟐 (Simplify)
x 𝟐 + y𝟐 + 𝟔𝒚 + 𝟗 = 25
x 𝟐 + y𝟐 + 𝟔𝒚 + 𝟗 − 𝟐𝟓 = 0
x 𝟐 + y𝟐 + 𝟔𝒚 − 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎
where D = 0
E= 6
F = -16
Practice:
Write the following equation of circle to its general form.
1. C(2,-4) , r = 3 units
2. (x – 2)𝟐 + (y + 5)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
ASSIGNMENT
A. Write the general equation of a circle given its center and radius
1. C(3,-2) , r = 7 units
2. C(-5,-1) , r = 6 units
3. C( 3, 0) , r = 4 units
B. Transform the following to standard form
4. (x – 2) 𝟐 + (y − 4 ) 𝟐 = 36
5. x𝟐 + (y − 5) 𝟐 = 16
*To find the center and radius, transform the given equation to its standard
form (x – h)𝟐 + (y – k) 𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 , if the center is at the (h,k) and
x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 , if the center is at the origin
Examples:
1. Find the center and radius of the circle x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 49.
Solution: The center is at the origin,
x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 49
r=7
x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 𝟕𝟐
The center of the circle is (0,0) and r = 8 units
2. Determine the center and the radius of the circle form (x – 2)𝟐 + (y – 3)𝟐 = 16
Solution: The center is at (h,k)
(x – 2)𝟐 + (y – 3)𝟐 =16
(x – 2)𝟐 + (y – 3)𝟐 =4𝟐
h = 2, k = 3
The center of the circle is (2,3) and r =4 units
r=4
.
. C(2,3)
x
FINDING THE CENTER AND RADIUS OF THE CIRCLE
GIVEN THE EQUATION IN GENERAL FORM
Review:
Determine the number that must be
added to make each of the following
a PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIAL, then
express as a square of binomial.
1. 𝒙𝟐 + 4x + ____
4 (x + 2)(x+2) or (𝒙 + 𝟐) 𝟐
25
2. 𝒙𝟐 + 10x + ____ (x + 5)(x+5) or (𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝟐
49
3. 𝒙𝟐 -14 x + ____ (x -7)(x - 7) or (𝒙 − 𝟕) 𝟐
𝟐 121 (x + 11)(x + 11) or (𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟐
4.𝒙 + 22x + ____
𝟐 (x -9 /2)(x – 9/2) or (𝒙 − 𝟗/𝟐) 𝟐
5.𝒙 - 9x + 81/4
____
3. What is the center and the radius of the circle x𝟐 + y𝟐 - 6x – 10y + 18 = 0
Solution: To determine its center and radius, write the equation in standard form
(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k) 𝟐 =r 𝟐
x𝟐 + y𝟐 - 6x – 10y + 18 = 0
x𝟐 - 6x + y𝟐 – 10y = - 18 (Add both sides of the equation the square of ½ the
x𝟐 - 6x +__ + y𝟐 – 10y +___= -18 + __+___ coefficient of x and the square of ½ the coefficient of y )
x𝟐 - 6x + 9 + y𝟐 – 10y + 25 = - 18 + 9 + 25
(x𝟐 - 6x + 9) + ( y𝟐 – 10y + 25) = 16 (Write as a square of binomial)
(x – 3) 𝟐 + (y – 5) 𝟐 =𝟒𝟐
The center is at (3, 5) and radius is 4 units
3. What is the center and the radius of the circle x𝟐 + y𝟐 - 6x – 10y + 18 = 0
Solution: To determine its center and radius, write the equation in standard form
(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k) 𝟐 =r 𝟐
(x – 2)𝟐 + (y – 3)𝟐 =4𝟐
h = 2, k = 3
The center of the circle is (2,3) and r =4 units
r=4
.
. C(2,3)

Equation of A Circle

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EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

1. (x – h) 𝟐 + (y – k) 𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 Standard form with center (h,k)

2. x𝟐 + y𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 Standard form with center at the

With center at (h,k) With center at the origin

2. Center at (-4, 3) and radius of 6 units 7. C(-4, 1) and radius of 3 units

4. Center at origin and radius of 7 units 9. C(-1, -6) , r = 8 units

5. Center at (1, -8) and radius of 5 units 10. C(0,0) , r = 9 units

The General Equation is the expanded

Solution: Given :C(h,k), where h = 4, and k = -1, r = 7 units

(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 ( Substitute the given)

Solution: Given :C(h,k), where h = 0, and k = -3, r = 5 units

(x – h)𝟐 + (y – k)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 ( Substitute the given)

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