Books Doubtnut Question Bank

BIOLOGY
BOOKS - PRADEEP BIOLOGY (HINGLISH)
THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
Ncert Question
1. Who discovered cells, and how?
Watch Video Solution

2. Why is the cell called the structural and functional
unit of life
3. How do substances like carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and
water (H 2
O) move in and out of the cell?
4. Why is the plasma membrane called a selectively
permeable membrane

5. Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating
differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
6. Can you name the two organelles we have studied
that contain their own genetic material?

7. If the organisation of a cell is destroyed due to some
physical or chemical influence, what will happen?
8. Why are lysosomes known as suicide bags?
9. Where are proteins synthesised inside the cell?

Ncert Exercises
1. Make a comparison and write down ways in which
plant cells are different from animal cells.
2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic
cell?
3. What would happen if the plasma membrane
ruptures or breaks down?

4. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was
no Golgi apparatus
5. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the
cell? Why?

6. Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell
membrane get synthesised?
7. How does an Amoeba obtain its food?
8. What is osmosis?

9. Carry out the following osmosis experiment: Take four
peeled potato halves and scoop each one out to make
potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made
from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough
containing water. Now, (a) Keep cup A empty (b) Put one
teaspoon sugar in cup B (c) Put one teaspoon salt in
cup C (d) Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato
cup D. Keep these for two hours. Then observe the four
potato cups and answer the following: (i) Explain why
water gathers in the hollowed portion of B and C. (ii)
Why is potato A necessary for this experiment? (iii)
Explain why water does not gather in the hollowed-out
portions of A and D.

Mcq
1. Which of the following can be made into crystal?
A. A Bacterium
B. An Amoeba
C. A Virus
D. A Sperm
Answer: C

2. A cell will swell up if
A. The concentration of water molecules in the cell is
higher than the concentration of water molecules
in surrounding medium
B. The cocentration of water molecules in
surrounding medium is higher than water
molecules concentration in the cell
C. The concentration of water molecules is same in
the cell and in the surrounding medium
D. Concentration of water molecules does not
matter
Answer: B
3. Chromosomes are made up of
A. DNA
B. protein
C. DNA and protein
D. RNA
Answer: C

4. Which of these options are not a function of
ribosomes?
I. It helps in manufacture of protein molecules.
II. It helps in manufacture of enzymes.
III. In helps in manufacture of hormones.
IV. In helps in manufacture of strach molecules.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (iv) and (i)
Answer: C

5. Which of these is not related to endoplasmic
reticulum?
A. It behaves as transport channel for proteins
between nucleus and cytoplasm.
B. It transports materials between various regions in
cytoplasm.
C. It can be the site of energy generation.
D. It can be the site for some biochemical activites of
the cell.
Answer: C
6. Following are a few definitions of osmosis. Read
carefully and select the correct definition.
A. Movement of water molecules from a region of
higher concentration to a region of lower
concentration through a semipermeable
membrane.
B. Movement of solvent molecules from its higher
concentration to lower concentration.
C. Movement of solvent molecules from higher
concentration to lower concentration of solution

through a permeable membrane.
D. Movement of solute molecules from lower
concentration to higher concentration of solution
through a semipermeable membrane.
Answer: A
7. Plasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as
A. break down (lysis) of plasma membrane in
hypotonic medium
B. shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium

C. shrinkage of nucleoplasm
D. none of them
Answer: B
8. Which of the following are covered by a single
membrane?
A. Mitochondria
B. Vacuole
C. Lysosome
D. Plastied
Answer: B::C
9. Find out the false sentences.
A. Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of
lysosomes.
B. Nucleus, mitochondria and plastied have DNA :
hence they are able to make their own structural
proteins.
C. Mitochondria is said to be the power house of the
cell as ATP is generated in them.

D. Cytoplasm is called as protoplasm.
Answer: D
10. Find out the correct sentence
A. Enzymes packed in Lysosomes are made through
RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).
B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth
endoplasmic reticulum produce liqid and protein
respectively.
C. Endoplasmic reticulum is related with the
destruction of plasma membrane.
D. Nucleoid is present inside the nucleoplasm of
eukaryotic nucleus.
Answer: A
11. Which cell organelle plays a crucial role in detoxifying
many poisons and drugs in a cell?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Lysosomes
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D. Vacuoles
Answer: C
12. The proteins and lipids, essential for building the cell
membrane, are manufactured by
A. rough endoplasmic reticulum
B. Golgi apparatus
C. plasma membrane
D. mitochondria
Answer: A
13. The undefined nuclear region of prokaryotes are also
known as
A. nucleus
B. nucleolus
C. nucleic acid
D. nucleoid
Answer: D

14. The cell organelle involved in forming complex
sugars from simple sugars are
A. endoplasmic reticulum
B. ribosomes
C. plastids
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: D

15. Which out of the following is not a function of
vacuole ?
A. Storage
B. Providing turgidity and rigidity of the cell
C. Waste excretion
D. Locomotion
Answer: D
16. Amoeba acquires its food through a process termed
as
A. exocytosis
B. endocytosis
C. plasmolysis
D. exocytosis and endocytosis both
Answer: B
17. The cell wall of which of these is not made up of
cellulose
A. Bacteria
B. Hydrilla
C. Mango tree
D. Cactus
Answer: A
18. Silver nitrate solution is used to study
B. Golgi apparatus
C. nucleus
D. mitochondria
Answer: B
19. Organelle other than nucleus, containing DNA is
B. Golgi apparatus
C. mitochondria
D. lysosome
Answer: C

20. Kitchen of the cell is
A. Mitochondria
B. endoplasmic reticulum
C. chloroplast
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
21. Lipid molecules in the cell are synthesized by
A. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

B. rough endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. plastids
Answer: A
22. Cell arises from pre-existing cell was states by
A. Haeckel
B. Virchow
C. Hooke
D. Schleiden
Answer: B
23. Cell theory was given by
A. Schleiden and Schwann
B. Virchow
C. Hooke
D. Haeckel
Answer: A

24. The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cell is
A. Mitochondria
B. ribosomes
C. plastids
D. lysosomes
Answer: B
25. Organelle without a cell membrane is
A. ribosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. chloroplast
D. nucleus
Answer: A
26. 1μm is
A. 10 −6
m
B. 10 −9
m
C. 10 − 10
m
D. 10 −3
m
Answer: A
27. Lysosome arises from
B. Golgi apparatus
C. nucleus
D. mitochondria
Answer: B

28. Living cells were discovered by
A. Robert Hooke
B. Purkinje
C. Leeuwenhoek
D. Robert Brown
Answer: C
29. Select the odd one out

A. The movement of water across a semi-permeable
membrane is affected by the amount of
substances dissolved in it.
B. Membranes are made of organic molecules like
proteins and lipids.
C. Molecules soluble in organic solvents can easily
pass through the membrane.
D. Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.
Answer: D

Short Answer Questions
1. Why are lysosomes known as suicide bags?
2. Do yout agree that 'A cell is a building unit of on
organism'. If yes, explain why?
3. Why does the skin of your finger shrink when you
wash clothes for a long time?

4. Name any cell organelle which is non-membranes.
5. We eat food composed of all the nutrients like
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and
water. After digestion, these are absorbed in the form of
glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol, etc. what
mechanisms are Involved in absorption of digested food
and water?

6. If you are provided with some vegetables to cook. You
generally add salt into the vegetables during cooking
process. After adding salt, vegetables release water.
What mechanism is responsible for this?
7. If cells of onion peel and RBC are separately kept in
hypotonic solution, what among the following will take
place? Explain the reason for your.
(a) Both the cells will swell.
(b) RBC will burst easily while cells of onion peel will
resist the bursting to some extent.

(c) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
(d) RBC and onion peel cells will behave similarly.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer:
8. Bacteria do not have chloroplast, but some bacteria
are photoautotrophic in nature and perofmr

photosynthesis. Which part of bacterial cell performs
this?
9. Match the following columns

ColumnI ColumnII
A. Smooth endoplasmic 1. Amoeba
B. Lysosome 2. Nucleus
C. Nucleoid 3. Bacteria
D. Food vacuoles 4. Detoxification
E. Chromation material and nucleolus 5. Suicidal bag
10. Write the name of different plants parts in which
chromoplast, chloroplast and Leucoplast are present.

11. Name the organelles which show the analogy written
as under
(i) Transporting chennels of the cell
(b) Power house of the cell
(c) Packaging and dispatching unit of the cell
(d) Digestive bag of the cell
(e) Storages sacs of the cell
(f) Kitchen of the cell
(g) Control room of the cell

12. How is bacterial cell different from onion pell?
13. How do substances like carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and
water (H 2
O) move in and out of the cell?
14. How does an Amoeba obtain its food?

15. Name the two organelles in a plant cell that contain
their own genetic material and ribosome.
16. Why are lysosomes also known as scavengers of the
cells?
17. Which cell organelle controls most of the activities of
the cell?

18. Which kind of plastid is more commin in
(a) roots of the plant (b) leaves of the plant (c) flowers
nd fruits
19. Why do plant cells posses large sized vacuole?
20. How are chromatin, chromatid and chromosomes
related to each other?

21. What are the consequences of the following
conditions?
(a) A cell containing higher water concentration than
the surrounding medium
(b) A cell having low water concentration then tha
surrounding medium.
(c) A cell having equal water concentration to its
surrounding medium.
Long Answer Question

1. Draw a plant cell and label the parts which
(a) determines the function and development of the cell.
(b) packages materials coming from the endoplasmic
reticulum.
(c) provides resistance to microbes to withstand
hypotonic external media without bursting.
(d) is site for any biochemical reaction necessary to
sustain life.
(e) is a fluod contained inside the nucleus.
2. Illustrate only a plent cell as seen under electron
microscope. How its different from animal cell?

3. Draw a neat labelled diagram of an animal cell.
4. Draw a well labelled diagram of an eukaryotic nucleus.
How is it different form nucleoid?
5. Differentiate between rough and smooth
endoplasmic reticulum. How is endoplasmic reticulum
important for membrane biogenesis?

6. In brief state what happens when
(a) Dry apricots are left for sometime in pure water and
later transferred to sugar solution?
(b) A red blood cell is kept in concentrated saline
solution?
(c) The plasma-membrane of a cell breaks down?
(d) When Rheo leaves are boiled in water first and then
a drop of sugar syrup is put on it, osmosis does not
occurs, due to the death of the cells of the leaf. This
shown that selective permeability is property of living
plasma membrane.
(e) Golgi complex helps in the package, storage and

transfer of proteins synthesised by ribosomes. Thus,
when ribosomes are removed the cell will not function
propertly.
7. Draw a neat diagram of plant cell and label any three
parts which differentiate it from animal cell.
A Very Short Answer Questions

1. Name the cell organelle which is commonly called
'suicidal bag' of the cell.
2. Which cell organelle are termed the 'powerhouses' or
'storage batteries' of the cell ?
3. Name cell organelles having double-membrane
envelope.

4. Name the organelles which is associated with protein
synthesis.
5. Which organelle of plant cell has chlorophyll
pigments in it ?
6. Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of structure of
plasma membrane ?
7. Who coined the term 'cell' and in which year ?
8. Name the scientists who proposed 'cell theory'.
9. Do plants reveal phenomenon of endocytosis ?

10. Cell wall is chiefly composed of which material in
plants ?
11. Oxysomes are the part of which cell organelle ?
12. Give two examples of unicellular organisms.

13. Name the longest cell in the human body.
14. Name the process by which CO2 or O2 gets
transported across the plasma membrane.
15. Name the membrane which covers the vacuole in
plant cell.

16. Name two types of endoplasmic reticulum present in
the cells.
17. What will happen when human red blood cells are
placed in hypertonic salt/sugar solution ?
18. What will happen when human red blood cells are
placed in hypotonic salt/sugar solution ?

19. Name the phenomenon that results in the shrinkage
of human red blood cells when they are placed in
hypertonic salt/sugar solution.
20. Name the carrier proteins that help in the transport
of specific materials across the plasma membrane.
21. Is the plant cell wall living or dead?

22. Give two examples of cells where cell shape changes
frequently.
23. What is osmosis?
24. Define Diffusion.

25. Define cell.
26. Where are genes located in the cell ?
27. Give full form of ATP.
A. Adinosine triphosphate
B. Adinosine tetra phosphate
C. Adenine tri phophate
D. Adenine tetra phosphate

Answer: a
28. Where do the ribosomes get synthesized ?
29. Which of the following processes require energy in
the form of ATP ?
(a) Active transport
(b) osmosis
(c) diffusion.

30. Which of the following processes require a carrier
protein but does not involve expense of cellular energy :
(a) Diffusion
(b) Osmosis
(c) Active transport
(d) Facilitated transport
31. Name the macromolecule which is used as a carrier
for the transport of materials across the cell membrane
in facilitated transport.
32. What do you mean by eutely ?
33. Name the source of illumination in electron
microscope.
34. Name the single-celled marine alga which is about 10
cm long.

35. Who proposed the trilaminar or 3-layered structure
of cell membrane ?
36. Give the concentration of salt solution which is
isotonic for R.B.Cs.
37. Name the instruments which are used to study
structures that cannot be seen with naked eye.

38. In which instrument following are essential ?
(i) Internal vacuum
(ii) Use of electromagnets
(iii) Use of beam of electrons.
39. List three essential features of a cell.

40. Name the term used for the genetic material which
lies in direct contact with the cytoplasm in prokaryotes.
41. Name the non-living component (organelle) in a
plant cell.
42. Who proposed fluid mosaic model to explain
structure and functions of a plasma membrane ?

43. Name the model which is described as "a number of
protein icebergs floating in the sea of lipids" which
explains structure and functions of a plasma membrane.
44. Differentiate between endosmosis and exosmosis.
45. Which instrument is most commonly used to
observe the cellular organisation of living organisms ?

46. Name the two cellular components that are absent
in an animal cell but present in the plant cell.
47. What is the most important characteristic of
prokaryotic cell ?
48. Which unicellular organism has irregular shape ?

49. Which lens unit produces a primary magnified image
in compound microscope ?
50. Name the scientist who introduced the terms 'cell'.
In which year he gave this finding ?
51. Name the scientists who proposed 'cell theory'.

52. Which cell organelle is absent in plant cell but is
present in animal cell ?
53. Name the intercellular connections between
adjacent plant cells. What is their function ?
54. Which cell organelle controls most of the activities
of the cell?
55. What are chromosomes?
56. Name the cell organelle which acts as 'protein
factory' of the cell. Where is it located ?
57. Which cell organelle is commonly called 'cellular
housekeeper' ? From where it arises ?

58. Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is more
abundant (i) near the nucleus (ii) near the plasma
membrane ?
59. Name the cell organelle which gives rise to the
acrosome in an animal sperm.

60. Name the ATP - generating assemblies that are
present on the cristae of the mitochondria.
61. What are the two components of chromosome ?
62. What are leucoplasts ? Give their function.

63. What will happen when raisins are kept in water ?
64. What wiil happen when R.B.Cs are kept in 10%
glucose solution ?
65. What will happen when R.B.Cs are kept in 0.9% salt
solution or 5% glucose solution ?

66. What happens when fresh grapes are kept in
concentrated sugar solution ?
67. What will happen when plant leaves are boiled and
then a drop of concentrated sugar solution is added on
the boiled leaves ?
B Short Answer Questions

1. Name three basic components of a typical eukaryotic
cell.
2. Name the common physical processes involved in the
transport of materials across the cell membrane.
3. Name the scientists who proposed cell theory. Who
gave the idea that the cells arise from pre-existing cells.

4. Give two major differences between prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
5. What is the main function of each of the following
organelles ?
(a) Ribosome, (b) Cell wall
6. Give two examples of prokaryotes.

7. Which of the structures are found
(a) in animal cells,
(b) in plant cells only, and
(c) both animal and plant cells.
8. Name the nucleic acids that are present in an animal
cell.

9. How the constrast is enhanced in an electron
microscope ? Where the image is obtained ?
10. Give two examples of osmosis in plants.
11. How many ions of Na

+
and K
+
are pumped out
and in sodium-potassium exchange pump for each
molecule of ATP used ?

12. Name the layer of cementing material which holds
adjacent plant cells. Where is it lacking ?
13. Cell wall is composed of which chief material. How
many molecules of glucose this material contains ?
14. List three special processes which are involved in the
bulk transport of materials in and out of the animal
cells.
15. Write two important characteristics of prokaryotes.
16. Write down the differences between diffusion and
osmosis.
17. what are plasmodesmata ? What are its functions in
plant cells ?
18. Define a chromosome. Give its two components.
19. List two similarities between mitochondria and
plastids.
20. State two types of plastids. Write one function of
each.
21. What are chromosomes ? List their two functions.
22. Tabulate six differences between a prokaryotic cell
and a eukaryotic cell.
23. What will happen to a cell when it is placed in (i)
hypertonic solution and (ii) hypotonic solution ?

24. What is the normal location of the nucleus (i) in an
animall cell and (ii) in a plant cell ?
25. How would you explain 'endosmosis' and 'exosmosis'
26. How would you differentiate between phagocytosis
and exocytosis ?
27. (a) Name one process by which materials are
exchanged through plasma membrane without the
expense of energy.
(b) Name one process which involves expense of energy
for the transport of materials across the plasma
membrane.
28. Give two major differences between compound
microscope and electron microscope.

29. What is the significance of exocytosis ?
30. What advantages does selective permeability of
plasma membrane provide to the cell ?
31. What do you mean by bulk transport of materials ?
Name two special processes involved for such transfer
across plasma membrane ?

32. Give atleast two important characteristics of a
prokaryotic cell.
33. Define the terms 'plasmolysis' and 'deplasmolysis'.
34. Which parts of green plastid (chloroplast) are the
sites of 'light reaction' and 'dark reaction' respectively
during photosynthesis ?
35. Which type of ribosomes are present in prokaryotic
cells and eukaryotic cells ? Give their two sub-units also.
36. Name the chief constituents of primary cell wall and
secondary cell wall in a plant cell.

37. Why does a plant cell, when placed in a hypotonic
solution, not burst ?
38. Why are the mitochondria and plastids called
semiautonomous organelles?
39. Name the most important function of each of the
following :
(a) Ribosomes (b) Mitochondria

C Short Answer Questions
1. Differentiate between plant and animal cells.
2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic
cell?

3. Write down the differences between diffusion and
osmosis.
4. Describe phagocytosis.
5. Describe plasmolysis.

6. Write differences between diffusion and active
transport.
7. Explain exocytosis phenomenon.
8. Differentiate between pinocytosis and phagocytosis.

9. Explain the structure and functions of endoplasmic
reticulum.
10. Write notes on : (a) Lysosomes (b) Golgi apparatus
(c) Plastids.
11. Write briefly about : (i) Metacentric chromosome (ii)
Sub-metacentric chromosome (iii) Telocentric
chromosome (iv) Acrocentric chromosome

12. Give functions of plasma membrane.
13. What happens when R.B.Cs are placed in isotonic,
hypotonic and hypertonic salt solution ?
14. Describe chemical composition of cell wall.

15. Briefly explain the structure of mitochondrion.
16. Write note on vacuoles.
17. (a) Name any two examples where one would find
non-green chromoplasts.
(b) Draw well labelled diagram of a chloroplast in
section.
(c) Give important function (s) of plastids.

18. (a) Who coined the term 'cell' ?
(b) Name three major differences between light
microscope and electron microscope.
(c) Give important points of modern cell theory.
19. (i) Name any two cell organelles which are bounded
by double membranes.
(ii) Why are mitochondria called semiautonomous
organelles ?
(iii) Where one would find green chlorophyll pigment in
a plant cell ?
20. (a) Name the cell organelle which is commonly called
'suicidal bags' of the cell.
(b) Why are they called suicidal bags ?
(c) How do they arise ?
21. (a) Name the cell organelle which is commonly
termed 'protein factory' of the cell. What is its

alternative name ?
(b) List their types found in prokaryotic and enkaryotic
cells.
(c) Describe their structure.
22. (a) List various components of the nucleus.
(b) What are chromosomes ? Give their chemical
compositon.
(c) List the type of chromosome if it has the following
position of centromere.
(i) in the middle. (ii) at the tip of chromosome.

23. Name three cell constituents of plant cells which are
bounded by double membranes.
24. Write three important differences between an
animal and plant cell.
25. Briefly describe the process of active transport.

26. Very briefly describe the following in a plant cell :
(i) Middle lamella
(ii) Plasmodesmata
(iii) Pits or pores.
27. Briefly explain each of the following :
(i) Diploid cell
(ii) Haploid cell
(iii) Genes.

28. What is plasmolysis ? Differentiate between incipient
plasmolysis and evident plasmolysis.
29. Classify the following as osmosis or diffusion :
(a) Aquatic animals using oxygen dissolved in water
during respiration.
(b) Swelling up of raisins on keeping in water.
(c) Spreading of virus on Sneezing.

30. Which cell organelles are called the power houses of
the cells and why ? Why is ATP called energy currency of
the cell ?
31. Draw a neat diagram of an animal cell and label on it
the following :
Plasma membrane, nucleus, lysosome.
32. Enlist the functions of endoplasmic reticulum.

33. Describe structure and functions of Golgi apparatus.
34. Draw a labelled diagram of a plant cell as revealed by
an electron microscope.
35. What is diffusion ? What is its significance ?

36. Give atleast three similarities and three
dissimilarities between a plant cell and animal cell.
37. Very briefly describe the following :
(i) Lysosomes are autophagous organelles during
starvation.
(ii) Membrane biogensis
(iii) Oxysomes of mitochondria

38. (a) Why are chloroplasts commonly called 'Kitchen of
the cell' ?
(b) Why are lysosomes commonly termed 'suicidal bags'
39. Draw a labelled diagram of mitochondrion in section.
D Long Answer Questions

1. Draw a well labelled sketch of a ultra-structure of
animal cell.
2. Draw well labelled diagram of ultra-structure of a
plant cell.
3. Explain endocytosis.

4. Briefly explain the structure of chromosomes.
5. How bulk transport of materials occurs acrross cell
membrane ? Explain.
6. Explain structure and functions of plastids.

7. Describe various components of nucleus in a
eukaryotic cell.
8. Describe structure and functions of Golgi apparatus.
9. (a) What is a cell ? Why is cell called the structural and
functional unit of life ?
(b) Why is plasma membrane called a selectively
permeable membrane ?
10. (a) What is endoplasmic reticulum ?
(b) Describe its structure.
(c) Name the two types of endoplasmic reticulum.
(d) What crucial role does it play in the liver cells of
vertebrates ?
(e) What is membrane biogenesis ?
11. (a) What are lysosomes ?
(b) Describe the structure of lysosome.
(c) Why are lysosomes called as 'suicidal bags' ?

(d) Lysosomes are also called ' natural defence' of the
cell. Explain.
(e) Why are lysosomes also termed 'natural scavengers'
and 'cellular housekeepers' ?
12. Explain the following :
(i) Osmosis
(ii) Diffusion
(iii) Active transport
(iv) Exocytosis
(v) Phagocytosis.

13. Draw a well labelled diagram of ultra structure of
animal cell as revealed by electron microscope. Also
briefly describe three essential components of
eukaryotic cell.
14. Describe various components of nucleus in a
eukaryotic cell.
E Short Answer Questions

1. You have made a temporary stained mount of onion
peel and observed it under microscope. Draw diagrams
of structure you have seen (a) under low power and (b)
under high power
2. You have been asked to make a temporary stained
mount of onion peel. Write four precautions which you
would take during the experiment.

3. Anwer the following questions related to the
experiment ''To make a temporary stained mount of
onion peel''.
1. Which stain would you use to stain onion peel ?
2. How would you remove extra stain from the slide ?
4. Class teacher asked you to perform an experiment to
prepare stained temporary mount of human cheek cells.
He asked you to answer the following questions :
(i) Name the stains you would use for staining scrap of
inside of your cheek.

(ii) Where would you see coloured spherical or oval dot-
like structures in each cheek cell ? Name this structure.
5. How would you take the sample to prepare temporary
stained mount of human cheek cells ? Draw diagram of
the structure you would see under the microscope.
6. Answer the following questions :
(i) Cheek cells are the part of which type of epithelium ?
(ii) Where is 'nucleus' usuallly located in a plant cell and

in animal cells ?
(iii) Name the outermost covering of a plant cell.
7. Write atleast two precautions that you would take
while performing the experiment "to make a temporary
stained mount of human cheek cells."
8. Write down the steps involved in the preparation of
stained temporary mount of human cheek cells.

9. Mention the procedure involved for the prepartion of
stained temporary mount of onion peel cells.
10. Write down your observations and conclusions after
preparation of stained temporary mount of onion peel
and its examination under low and high power of
microscope.

11. You have prepared a stained temporary mount of
human cheek cells. Examine it under low and high power
of microscope and then write your observations and
conclusions.
Higher Order Thinking Skills
1. (a) Why do raisins and apricots swell up when placed
in water ? Name the phenomenon involved.
(b) When swollen raisins and apricots are put in
concentrated sugar solution, what will happen to them
? Also, name the phenomenon.

2. (a) Name the phenomenon which helps fresh water
unicellular organisms (e.g., Amoeba) continuosuly gain
water in their bodies. Also name the mechanisms by
which these organisma throw out exces of water from
their bodies.
(b) Give at least two examples in plants where similar
phenomenon in used to gain water.
3. (a) Why does the plant cell, placed in a hypotonic
solution, not burst ?

(b) What happens when a fully turgid plant cell is placed
in a hypertonic solution ? Name the phenomenon.
4. Give reasons for the following :
(a) Bacteria are prokaryotic cells.
(b) Mitochondria are also called semiautonomous
organelles.
5. Why are lysosomes commonly called
(i) 'suicidal bags' of the cells ?

(ii) 'natural scavengers and cellular housekeepers' ?
6. Give reasons why mitochondria are called 'power
houses' and ATP as 'energy currency' of the cell.
Analytical
1. (a) why do plants have variously coloured flowers ?
Give two reasons.
(b) Why do certain flowers emit aroma ? How does

aroma of flowers spread in the environment ?
(c) In the following examples, name the phenomenon
involved when :
(i) exchange of gases occur across the respiratiory
surface.
(ii) aroma spreads in the house when your mother cooks
food in the kitchen.
2. (i) Based on complexity of organisation pathologist
catergorises the pathogen cells into how many types ?
(ii) Give atleast one example of prokaryotic pathogen
that causes loose motion in children.
(iii) How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells

? Give atleast two differences.
(iv) List atleast one example of eukaryotic pathogen that
caues loose motions in children.
3. (i) Why do we soak kidney beans in water overnight ?
(ii) Name the scientific phenomenon involved during
soaking of kidney beans ?
(iii) Name atleast one more food item that is cooked in
this way.

4. One day Muskan saw her mother making pickle. Her
mother cut of the corrots, turnips and cauliflowers into
small pices, wahed them and put them in the sun for
few hours. Therefore, she mixed common salt oil, paste
of onion , ginger and garlic, gur, res chili, turmeric
powser acetic andic, etc., as per requirement with the
cut vegetables and heated them. After cooling she put
the contents in the air tight jar and kept it in the sun
for many days.
(i) Why dis Muskan mother cut the vegetables into small
pieces and put them in the sun for few hours ?
(ii) Why did she mix common salt in the cut vetgetables
and lieated it ? Name the process involved.
(iii) Why did she mix acetic acid ?

5. Write three similarities and three dissimilarities
between chloroplasts and chromoplasts.
6. What will happen to red blood corpuscles (R.B.Cs)
when these are placed in-
(a) hypotonic solution (b) hypertonic solution (c)
isotonic solution.

7. (a) Is the cell wall in a plant cell living or non-living ?
(b) Is the cell wall in a plant cell permeable or selectively
permeable ?
(c) What is its chemical composition ?
8. Why is the plasma membrane called a selectively
permeable membrane
9. Why is endcytosis found is animals only?

10. A person takes concentrated solution of salt, after
sometime, he starts vomiting. What is the phenomenon
responsible for such situation? Explain.
11. Give atleast three differences between light
microscope and electron microscope. What is the
magnification power of these two microscopes ?

Books Doubtnut Question Bank

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Books Doubtnut Question Bank

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Books Doubtnut Question Bank

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

BIOLOGY

BOOKS - PRADEEP BIOLOGY (HINGLISH)

THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

1. Who discovered cells, and how?

Watch Video Solution

Watch Video Solution

3. How do substances like carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and

Watch Video Solution

4. Why is the plasma membrane called a selectively

Watch Video Solution

differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Watch Video Solution

6. Can you name the two organelles we have studied

that contain their own genetic material?

Watch Video Solution

physical or chemical influence, what will happen?

Watch Video Solution

8. Why are lysosomes known as suicide bags?

Watch Video Solution

9. Where are proteins synthesised inside the cell?

Watch Video Solution

1. Make a comparison and write down ways in which

plant cells are different from animal cells.

Watch Video Solution

2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic

Watch Video Solution

3. What would happen if the plasma membrane

ruptures or breaks down?

4. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was

Watch Video Solution

5. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the

Watch Video Solution

membrane get synthesised?

Watch Video Solution

7. How does an Amoeba obtain its food?

Watch Video Solution

Watch Video Solution

peeled potato halves and scoop each one out to make

potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made

from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough

teaspoon sugar in cup B (c) Put one teaspoon salt in

cup C (d) Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato

potato cups and answer the following: (i) Explain why

water gathers in the hollowed portion of B and C. (ii)

Why is potato A necessary for this experiment? (iii)

Explain why water does not gather in the hollowed-out

Watch Video Solution

1. Which of the following can be made into crystal?

Watch Video Solution

A. The concentration of water molecules in the cell is

higher than the concentration of water molecules

B. The cocentration of water molecules in

surrounding medium is higher than water

molecules concentration in the cell

C. The concentration of water molecules is same in

the cell and in the surrounding medium

D. Concentration of water molecules does not

Watch Video Solution

3. Chromosomes are made up of