EE 321 Assignment No. 1 Finals SY23 24

Assignment No.
1 (Finals)
EE 321 Electrical Machines 2
(Topic: Alternator Tests; Power and Torque Developed of Salient and Non-salient
Alternator; and Power Losses and Efficiency)
Direction: Solve the following problems. Write your solutions on your assignment
notebook. Write legibly and box your final answer.
Alternator Tests:
1. A single-phase, 2200 V, 50 Hz, 40 kVA alternator produces a short-circuit current

of 200 A and an open circuit emf of 1160 V when a field current 40A passes through
its field winding. Calculate the synchronous impedance and reactance if its armature
has an effective resistance 0.5 ohm.
Ans. 5.8 ohm, 5.77 ohm
2. A three-phase star connected alternator has an armature resistance of 0.1 ohm

per phase. When excited to 860 V line voltage and on short-circuit the alternator
gave 200 A. What should be the emf (in line terms) the alternator must be excited
to, in order to maintain a terminal p.d. of 400 volt with 100 ampere armature
current at 0.8 p.f. lagging.
Ans. 452 V
3. A 600 volt, 60 kVA, single-phase alternator has an effective armature resistance of

0.3 ohm. An exciting current of 5 ampere produces an emf of 400 volt on open
circuit and an armature current of 200 ampere on short circuit. Calculate: (i) the
synchronous impedance and synchronous reactance. (ii) the full load regulation with
0.8 p.f. lagging.
Ans. 2 ohm, 2.974 ohm, 24.81%
4. A three-phase, star-connected, 1000 kVA, 3300 V, 50 Hz alternator produces a

short-circuit current of 200 A and an open circuit voltage of 1040 V with the same
field current 40 A. It its armature has an effective resistance of 0.2 ohm per phase,
calculate full-load regulation of the alternator at a pf of 0.8 lagging and 0.8 leading.
Ans. 19.9%, –11.8%
Page 1
Power and Torque Developed by a Non-Salient and Salient Type
Alternator:
5. The internal generated voltage E0 of a Y-connected, three-phase synchronous

generator is 14.4 kV, and the terminal voltage V T is 12.8 kV. The synchronous
reactance of this machine is 4 ohm, and the armature resistance can be ignored.
a) If the torque angle of the generator δ = 18°, how much power is being
supplied by this generator at the current time?
b) What is the power factor of the generator at this time?
c) Ignoring losses in this generator, what torque must be applied to its shaft by
the prime mover at these conditions?
6. A three-phase star-connected salient pole synchronous generator is driven at a

speed slightly less than synchronous speed with open circuited field winding. Its
stator is supplied from a balanced three-phase supply. Voltmeter connected across
the line gave maximum and minimum readings of 2820 and 2800 volt. The line
current varies between 275 and 360 ampere. Find the direct and quadrature axis
synchronous reactances per phase. Neglect armature resistance.
Ans. 5.92 ohm, 4.5 ohm
7. The direct and quadrature axis synchronous reactances of a three-phase, star

connected, 3500 kVA, 6600 V, 32-pole salient pole alternator are 9.6 and 6 ohm,
respectively, when measured by the slip test. If armature resistance is neglected,
determine; (i) Regulation and excitation emf required to maintain the rated voltage
at the terminals when delivering a load of 2500 kW at 0.8 pf lagging. (ii) What
maximum power can this machine supply at the rated terminal voltage if the field
becomes open-circuited?
Ans. 1361 kW
8. A 10 kVA, 4380 V, 50 Hz, three-phase, star-connected salient pole synchronous

generator has direct axis and quadrature axis reactances of 12 ohm and 8 ohm
respectively. The armature has a resistance of 1 ohm per phase. The generator
delivers rated load at 0.8 pf lagging with the terminal voltage being maintained at
rated value. If the load angle is 16.15°, determine. (i) the direct axis and quadrature
axis components of armature current, (ii) excitation voltage of the generator.
Ans. 12.14 A, 9.14 A; 633 V
Page 2
Power Losses and Efficiency:
9. A 25 kVA, 400 V, 3-phase synchronous generator delivers rated kVA at rated

voltage at 0.8 pf lagging. The per phase (star basis) armature resistance and
synchronous reactance respectively are 0.66 W and 7.1 W. The field winding is
supplied 10.6 A at 110 V. The friction and winding loss is estimated to be 480 W and
iron loss as 580 W. Calculate the full-load efficiency.
10. Determine the efficiency of a 1500 kVA, 2300 V, 3-phase, Y-connected

alternator, which operates at rated output with a power factor of 80%. The DC
armature resistance at 70°C between terminals is 0.08 ohm. The field takes 70 A at
120 V from the exciter equipment. Friction and windage losses are 15 kW, iron loss
is 35 kW and stray load losses are 1.5 kW. Assume the effective armature winding
resistance is 1.5 times the DC value.
Ans. 93.35%
Page 3

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Assignment No.

1. A single-phase, 2200 V, 50 Hz, 40 kVA alternator produces a short-circuit current

2. A three-phase star connected alternator has an armature resistance of 0.1 ohm

3. A 600 volt, 60 kVA, single-phase alternator has an effective armature resistance of

4. A three-phase, star-connected, 1000 kVA, 3300 V, 50 Hz alternator produces a

Ans. 19.9%, –11.8%

5. The internal generated voltage E0 of a Y-connected, three-phase synchronous

6. A three-phase star-connected salient pole synchronous generator is driven at a

Ans. 5.92 ohm, 4.5 ohm

7. The direct and quadrature axis synchronous reactances of a three-phase, star

8. A 10 kVA, 4380 V, 50 Hz, three-phase, star-connected salient pole synchronous

Ans. 12.14 A, 9.14 A; 633 V

9. A 25 kVA, 400 V, 3-phase synchronous generator delivers rated kVA at rated

10. Determine the efficiency of a 1500 kVA, 2300 V, 3-phase, Y-connected

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