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ེ་
大
圆
满
8!$)E+#!16XH6!$+;H?$+!<#
StathqgatoSYFSam-sitqtapatram-aparqjitam-
pradyamVgiram-dhqrani
一切如來頂髻白傘蓋無能勝堪能調伏陀羅尼
佛說·大佛頂·如來廣放光明聚·現大白傘蓋
·遍覆三千大千世界·摩訶悉怛多缽多囉·金
剛無礙大道場·最勝無比大威德·金輪帝祖屹
囉施·都攝一切大明王·總集不可說千旋陀羅
尼·十方如來清靜海眼·微妙秘密·大陀羅尼
大唐三朝国师大广智不空奉诏译
0 1
※曩莫（入）薩嚩沒馱（上）冒地薩怛吠（二合引）毗藥（二
合引）
啓諷放光大佛頂如來萬行首楞嚴
開無相門圓寂宗字字觀照金剛定 5,B_%N)#Ba7
瑜珈妙旨傳心印摩訶衍行總持門 namaH sarvabuddhabOdhisattvEbhyH
●義釋歸命一切諸佛菩薩等。
說此秘密悉怛多解脫法身金剛句 ○曩莫者歸命義。亦云稽首。亦云頂禮。以下同。○薩嚩者一
切義。○沒馱者佛義。○冒地薩怛縛者菩薩義。不空仁王般若
菩提力大虛空量三昧智印果無邊陀羅尼釋曰：「云何菩提薩埵義。謂覺悟真實法。覺已住生死。
不持齋者是持齋不持戒者名持戒令覺悟一切有情。故名菩提薩埵。」又云「菩提者能覺義。薩
埵者有情義。亦云心勇健義。」摩多六轉藹點與毗藥字合稱等
八萬四千金剛眾行住坐臥每隨身義。
十方世界諸如來護念歸命受持者 ※曩莫颯缽跢（二合引）喃（上引）三（去）藐三（去）沒馱

念滿一萬八千遍遍遍入於無想定俱胝(引)喃（上引）
號稱堅固金剛幢
縱使罵詈不為過
自在得名人中佛
諸天常聞梵語聲
5,B1-B3c%N)$-
namaH saptqnqm samyaksmbuddha koTinqm
神通變化不思議陀羅尼門最第一 ● 義釋歸命七俱胝正等正覺如來。
○颯缽多喃者。俱云七類。謂擇法、精進、喜、定、捨、輕安、
大乘放光佛頂力掩惡揚善證菩提念七覺支菩提分義。○三藐三沒馱者正等正覺義。亦正遍知義。
唯聞念者瞻葡香不嗅一切餘香氣如來德號之一名。俱胝者億數義。喃者等義。亦諸義。連上七
數合謂七億義。下同。
僧破二百五十戒比丘尼犯八波羅
聞念佛頂陀羅尼便得具足聲聞戒 ※萨室囉(二合引)嚩迦僧(去)伽（去）喃（上）
我今依經述偈讚
聽者念者得加持
無量功德普莊嚴
同獲涅槃寂滅樂
B2>!+%-
saXrqvakasamghanqm
●義釋聲聞僧伽眾。
○薩室囉(二合引)嚩迦者聲聞義。聞佛陀之聲教。悟四諦之義
2 3
理。斷見思之惑。而入於涅槃者。○僧伽者眾和會義。比丘之 ●義釋歸命諸斯陀含眾。
衆多和合者。常略曰僧。○喃者眾義。亦云等義。 ○塞訖唎娜誐弭者一往來義。斷欲界九地思惑中前六品。尚餘
後三品。尚當於欲界人間與六欲天受生一度方得入於方便涅槃。
※曩謨路(引)計阿囉曷(二合) 跢喃
※曩莫阿（上）曩(引)誐弭喃（上引）
5))'Hi.- 5, H!$#-
namo lOke arhantanqm
●義釋歸命住世諸阿羅漢。 namaH anqgaminqm
○路計者世間義。阿囉曷跢者阿羅漢義。上至非想處一切思惑 ●義釋歸命諸阿那含眾。
斷盡之聲聞乘極果。以其斷盡一切見思二惑。故謂殺賊。既得 ○阿曩誐弭者不來義。亦不還義。斷盡欲惑後三品之殘餘。不
極果。應受人天之供養。故曰應供。一世之果報盡故。永入涅再還來欲界之果位。爾後受生則必為色無色界。
槃。不再於三界受生。故謂不生。
※曩謨路(引)計三（去）藐伽跢（引）喃（上引）
※曩莫素噜(二合) 跢(引)半曩(引)喃(上引)
5, a!6E- 5))'B3-!-
namO lOkesamyaggatqnqm
namaH srOtqpannanqm ●義釋歸命已度諸世間。
●義釋歸命諸須陀洹眾。 ○路計者世間義。○三藐者正義。謂於外道之邪覺。稱羅漢為
○素嚕(二合) 跢半曩者入流義。亦預流義。亦逆流義。聲聞四正。於羅漢之偏覺。稱菩薩為正。於菩薩之分覺。稱佛陀之圓
果中初果之名也。入流者。入聖道之義。逆流者。逆於生死之覺為正。○伽跢者度義。亦去、往義。亦出行、啓程義。○連
流也。斷三界之見惑即得此果。大智度論曰：「須陀名流。即上俱云正至義。亦正度義。
是八聖道分。般那名入。入是八聖道分。流入涅槃也。」慧苑
音義上曰：「適斷見惑。捨異生性。初獲聖性。入聖行流。故
名入流。」 ※三（去）藐缽囉（二合）底（丁一反）半曩(引)喃(上引)
※曩莫塞訖唎(三合) 娜(引)誐（引）弭喃（上引）
B3d#6E-
samyakpratipannanqm
5, 7!!#- ●義釋歸命已正住真實地。
○缽囉底半曩者行義。亦乘禦義。由能行乘於賢聖正道且調禦
namaH skQidqgqminqm 自在故名。
4 5
彼成就以爲供侍。即遊十方刹也。西方有一人成。引五百人昇
空而去。不知所去也。此法成就即是持明仙也。」
※曩謨（引）袮（去）嚩唎史（二合）喃(上引)
5)'>e- ※舍（引）播（引）弩（鼻音）孽囉（二合）賀(上)娑沫囉他（二
合）喃(上引)
namO devarSinqm
●義釋禮敬一切諸天仙眾。
○袮嚩者天義。位列五趣之極。具自然光明清靜自在之勝善。
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受人間以上勝妙之果報者。○唎史者仙義。理趣分述讚曰：「仙 Xqpqnugrahasamarthanqm
者。人有神德。」大日經疏曰：「天仙謂諸五通神仙。」 ●義釋禮敬一切攝惡作善眾。
○此谓总摄如上所列诸三宝持明圣众也。
◎曩謨（引）悉馱尾你也（二合引）馱（引）囉喃(上引) ◎
※曩謨（引）沒囉（二合）撼麽（二合）妳（鼻引）
5) #N#;!<- 5)-3'
namO siddhavidyqdhqraYqm
●義釋禮敬成就持明眾。
namO brahmaYe
●義釋歸敬諸梵天。此喻大梵天王也。
○悉馱者成就義。言於一切所應作事皆得成辦也。○尾你也者
○沒囉撼麽者梵天義。為色界之初禪天也。此天離欲界之淫欲。
明義。演密鈔一曰：
「明者明咒。真言之別稱。破闇為義。」大
寂靜清靜。故云梵天。玄應音義六曰：
「梵言梵摩。此譯云寂靜
日經疏十二曰：
「破除一切無明煩惱之闇故。名之為明。然明及
情景淨潔。」梵有三天。第一名梵眾天。第二名梵輔天。第三
真言義有差別。若心口出者名真言。從一切身支分任運生者。
名大梵天。此界之大梵天王名尸棄。義為寶髻。釋尊成道之初
名之為明也。」○馱囉者持義。亦手握義。○成就持明仙眾者
請轉法輪者。常住佛陀之右側擁護正法。手持白拂。下同。
胎藏界曼茶羅外金剛部之護法眾也。
※曩莫（引）印捺囉（二合）野
※曩莫悉馱尾你也（二合）馱（引）囉唎史（二合）喃(上引)
5, #N#;!<e - 5, J>;
namO siddhavidyqdhqrarSiYqm namqH indraya
●義釋禮敬一切持明成就仙眾。 ●義釋歸敬帝釋天。
○持明仙者。大日經疏六曰：
「是餘藥力等所成。悉地持明仙者。 ○印捺囉者帝釋義。名釋提柦因（Śakradānām-Indra）。欲界
皆是專依咒術得悉地人。」同十一曰：
「或以法加童男女。亦令忉利三十三天之主。亦云天主。亦云千眼。住於妙高山(須彌盧
6 7
5,71;
山也)頂之善見宮。○野者助語引聲字也。下同。
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝（引）嚕捺囉（二合引）野塢麽 namO-nqrqyaYqya-lakSami-paca-mahqmudrq-na
缽底（準上）娑（上）醯（聲異反引）夜（引）野 maHskQitaya
5)9$>'%/ ;L!6#B$!;
●義釋歸敬那羅延世尊五大印。
○曩囉演拏者。天上力士之名。義云幻惑。玄應音義二十三曰：
「此天有大威德。乘金翅鳥行。行時有輪亦為前導。欲破則彼
namO bhagavate rudrqya umapatisahFyqya 無有能當也。」同二十四曰：「那羅。此云人。延。此云生本。
●義釋歸敬大自在天世尊及鄔摩妃等諸眷屬。即是梵王也。」慧琳音義六曰：「那羅延。欲界中天名也。一名
○婆誐嚩帝者世尊義。下同。○嚕捺囉者暴惡義。亦云黑天。毗紐天。欲求多力者承事供養。若精誠祈禱多獲神力也。」大
大自在天之別名也。大日經疏二曰：「黑天梵音嚕捺囉。是自日經疏曰：「毗紐天有衆多別名。即是那羅延天別名也。是佛化
在天眷屬。」同五曰：「嚕捺囉。即是商羯羅忿怒身」同十曰：身。」同五曰：「微瑟紐。舊譯謂之毗紐。此是那羅延天也。」
「嚕捺囉。亦佛所化身。是摩醯首羅之化身也。（亦名伊舍那）」同十七曰：
「韋紐天。自在天別名。正云毗瑟紐。」秘藏記下曰：
俱舍光記七曰：「恆以苦具逼害有情。名恆逼害。或時樂食肉血「那羅延天。三面。青黃色。右手持輪。乘迦樓羅鳥。」下同。
骨髓。故名魯達羅。此云暴惡。大自在天異名。其天總有千名。 ○義釋四曰：「吉祥天女。舊譯云功德天女。」大疏演奧鈔十五
今現行世唯有六十。魯達羅即一名也。」此天乘於白牛。喻得曰：
「千手觀音二十八部眾釋（定深記）云：次言功德者。吉祥
大自在力也。左足踏烏摩妃。表貪也。○鄔麽缽底者大自在天天女也。梵曰摩訶室利 Mahāśrī。言摩訶者大也。室利有二義：
妃首领義。鄔麽者貪義。亦曰破苦行。即世稱鄔摩天女。白肉一者功德。二者吉祥。由此二義。曇無讖及伽梵達摩。阿地瞿
色。乘赤羊。左手持三戟。右手持蓮花。金剛頂瑜珈降三世極多等三藏諸師同云功德天。余諸三藏翻為吉祥。如文殊師利或
密門曰：「大自在天王。妃烏摩為座。」此二者。往昔為不動降云妙吉祥。或云妙德。”其住處近毗沙門之城。最勝王經八曰：
三世明王所鎮服而歸於佛法。擁護三寶。○缽底者。首領義。「爾時大吉祥天女。複白佛言：世尊北方薛室羅末拏天王城名
亦主人義。亦長官義。○娑訶夜者。此云隨從義。亦眷屬義。有財。去城不遠有園。名曰妙花福光。中有勝殿。七寶所成。
與夜字合轉成伊聲。下同。世尊我常住彼。」陀羅尼集經十（功德天品）曰：「其功德天像。
身端正。赤白色。二臂畫作種種瓔珞環釧耳璫天衣寶冠。天
女左手持如意珠。右手施咒無畏。宣臺上坐。左邊畫梵摩天。
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝（引）曩囉（引）演拏（鼻音引）
右邊畫帝釋天。如散華供養天女。背後各畫一七寶山。於天像
野落乞讖弭（三合）半左摩訶（引）母捺囉（二合引）那莫上。作五色云。云上安六牙白象。象鼻絞馬腦瓶。瓶中傾出
塞訖唎(三合) 跢野種種寶物。灌功德天頂上。天神背後。畫百寶華林。頭上畫作
5)9$>'!!;! ;=p6':!%/
千葉寶蓋。著上作諸天伎樂。散華供養。」Laksmi 者。即吉祥
\ 天女義。住胎藏界曼荼羅外金剛部院西方那羅天之傍。肉色。
左捧荷葉盛華。右手附於其荷葉邊。坐於筵。
8 9
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝（引）摩訶（引）迦（引）攞（引）阿地者普遍包容、把持義。○穆訖得迦者解脫、解放義。柔和
野底哩（二合）補囉曩誐囉尾捺囉（二合）跛拏迦囉（引）調順義。○濕麽舍曩者屍陀林義。亦塚所義。亦閻摩羅王之園
義。○麽底哩誐拏者母天眾義。麽底哩者母親義。麽底哩迦者
野阿（入）地穆訖得（二合）迦濕麽（二合）舍（引）曩
本母天義。此謂大黑天神諸茶枳尼鬼神眷屬等。理趣釋下曰：
「七
嚩（引）悉（星以反）寧（引）麽底哩（二合）誐拏（鼻音）那
母女天者是摩訶迦羅天眷屬也。（中略）此天等亦有曼茶羅。中
莫塞訖唎(三合) 跢野央畫摩訶迦羅以七母天圍繞。具如廣經所說。摩訶迦羅者大時
5)9$>':!!!;e%<5$<#.6 義。時謂三世無障礙義。大者是毗盧遮那法身無處不徧。七母
女天並梵天母。」○誐拏者聚會義。亦集合義。亦群集義。○
那莫塞訖唎跢野者歸敬作禮義。○塞訖唎跢者作義也。下同。
0!!;H#%7!K!5>#':e$0 ※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝怛他（去引）誐跢矩攞（引）野
5, 71; 5)9$>'1!$1%!;
namO-bhagavate-mahqkqlaya-tQipuranagaravidr
namO-bhagavate-tathqgata-kulqya
apaYakarqya-adhimuktaka-XmaXqnavasine-matQi ●義釋歸命如來種性世尊勝族。
gaYa-namaHskQitaya ○怛他誐跢者如來義。如來德號之一也。金剛般若波羅密多經
●義釋歸敬大黑天世尊及彼破壞三重宮城樂居屍陀林諸天曰：「如來者。即諸法如義。」又曰：「如來者。無所從來亦無
母眾。所去。故名如來。」大日經疏一曰：
「如諸佛乘如實道來乘正覺。
○摩訶迦攞者大黑天神義。亦大時義。大日經疏十曰：「摩訶迦今佛亦如是來。故名如來。」勝鬘寶窟上末曰：「如來者體如而
羅所謂大黑神也。毗盧遮那以降伏三世法門欲除彼（指茶枳尼）來。故名如來。又如諸佛來。故名如來。問：體如而來。故名
故化作大黑神。過於比無量示現。以灰塗身在曠野中。以術悉如來。此是應身。何有來義。真如法身。云何有來。答：如本
召一切法成就乘空履水皆無礙諸茶枳尼而訶責之。猶汝常口敢隱今顯。亦得稱來。」秘藏記本曰：「如來謂成佛以後悲願力故
人。故我今復當食汝。即吞口敢之。然不令死。伏已放之。悉垂化也。乘如而來。故曰如來。」以下同。○矩攞者族義。亦
令斷肉。」慧琳音義十曰：「摩訶迦羅。唐云大黑天神也。有大種義。亦類義。亦種性尊貴義。○此中如來種性勝族者。亦五
神力。壽無量千歲。八臂身青黑云色。二手懷中橫把一三叉戟。部當中佛部是也。蘇悉地經一曰：「諸佛形象即是佛部。」下
右第二手把一青羝羊。左第二手把一餓鬼頭髻。右第三手執羯同。
吒罔迦。是一骷髏幢也。後二手各於肩上共張一白象皮如披勢。
以毒蛇貫穿骷髏以爲瓔珞。虎牙上出作大忿怒形。雷電煙火以 ※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝缽納麽（二合）矩攞（引）野
爲威光身形極大。足下有一地神女天。以兩手承足者也。」○
底哩者三義。○補囉者屋頂義。○曩誐囉者城市義。亦城邑義。
○尾捺囉跛拏迦囉野者破壞義。跛拏者獲得義。亦得到義。○
5)9$>'6I%!;
迦囉野者使作義。亦作事、辦事義。○阿地穆訖得迦者樂義。 namO-bhagavate-padmakulqya
10 11
●義釋歸命蓮花種性世尊勝族。利他之德。即寶珠部也。
○缽納麽者蓮花義。亦云赤色蓮花。大日經疏十五曰：「西方
蓮花有多種。一者缽納麽。復有二種。一者赤色。即此間蓮花
也。二者白色。今此間有白蓮花是也。」○此中蓮花種性勝族 ※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝誐惹（自攞反）矩攞（引）野
者即五部當中蓮花部也。此攝一切菩薩摩訶薩義。大日經疏五
曰：「右方是如來大悲三昧。能滋養萬善。故名蓮花部」蘇悉
地經一曰：「諸菩薩形即蓮花部。」
5)9$>'$7%!;
namO-bhagavate-garjakulqya
●義釋歸命白象種性世尊勝族。
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝嚩日囉（二合）矩攞（引）野 ○誐惹者白象義。亦雄猛義。涅槃經二十三曰：「大象王謂諸
佛也。」無量壽經下曰：
「猶如象王。善調伏故。」如如種性雄
5)9$>'>6%!; 猛無倫。善能成就一切勝事。即五部中羯摩部也。
namO-bhagavate-vajrakulqya
●義釋歸命金剛種性世尊勝族。 ◎曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝矩摩（引）囉矩攞（引）野◎
○嚩日囉者金剛義。亦勝義義。亦無畏義。亦不可壞義。亦雷
電霹靂義。三藏法數五曰：「金剛者。金中最剛。故名金剛。」
探玄記三曰：「金剛亦二義：一是堅義。二利義。」金剛頂經疏
5)9$>'%!<%!;
一曰：
「世間金剛有三種義：一不可破壞。二寶中之寶。三戰具
namO-bhagavate-kumqrakulqya
●義釋歸命童子種性世尊勝族。
中勝。」○此中金剛種性勝族者。即五部當中金剛部也。蘇悉
○矩摩囉者童子義。亦攝政者義。亦法王子義。智論云：
「如文
地經一曰：「諸世天像為金剛部。」大日經疏五曰：「左方是如
殊師利十力四無畏等悉具佛事。故往究摩羅迦地。」十方佛會
來大慧力用。能摧破三障。故名金剛部也。」下同。
中。眾會首諸法王子等。莫不是倒駕慈航之法身菩薩。會眾雖
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝麽抳（尼裔反）矩攞（引）野
未能隨時感見其圓滿佛身。實乃於久遠劫來應現無數矣。如文
5)9$>':#%!; 殊觀自在普賢彌勒等是。
namO-bhagavate-maYikulqya ◎曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝那（引）伽矩攞（引）野◎
●義釋歸命寶珠種性世尊勝族。
○麽抳者寶珠義。亦離垢義。亦如意義。涅槃經九曰：「摩尼
珠。投之濁水。水即為清。」玄應音義二十三曰：「末尼。亦 5)9$>'!$%!;
云摩尼。此云寶珠。謂珠之總名也。」慧苑音義上曰：「末謂 namO-bhagavate-nqgakulqya
末羅。此云垢也。尼謂離也。謂此寶光淨不為垢穢所染也。又 ●義釋歸命那伽種性世尊勝族。
云。末尼此曰增長。為有此寶處。必增其威德。舊翻為如意隨 ○那伽者不來義。亦無罪義。亦龍義。亦象義。那名無。伽名
意等。逐義譯也。」此為密教五部之一。謂佛智圓滿而能隨應罪。故曰無罪。玄應音義三曰：「那伽。此云龍。或云象也。
12 13
B3c%O;
言其大力故以爲喻。」大日經疏五曰：「摩訶那伽。是如來別
號。以況不可思議無方大用也。」
namO-bhagavate-amitqbhqya-tathagetqyq-rhate-s
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝你哩（二合）茶戍（去）囉細（引）
amyaksmbuddhqya
曩缽囉（去）賀囉拏（鼻）囉（引）惹（引）野怛他（引）誐 ●義釋歸命世尊無量光明如來應供正徧知。
跢（引）野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒馱（引）野 ○阿弭跢婆者光明無量義。世謂阿彌陀者有三名。一譯無量壽
5)9$>'-/&<'5;C<0!);1
(Amitāyus) 。二譯無量光 (Amitābha) 。三譯甘露王
(Amrita-rājaya)。即世所信敬。四十八願普度一切眾生之西
方極樂淨土阿彌陀如來也。
!$!;Hi'B3c%O; ※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝惡屈数（二合）毗夜（二
namO-bhagavate-dQiDa-Xzrasena-praharaYa-rqjay 合引）野怛他（引）誐跢（引）野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）
a-tathagetqyq-rhate-samyaksmbuddhqya 藐三沒馱（引）野
●義釋歸命世尊堅固勇猛種類器械王如來應供正徧知（唐本
譯作勇猛無變擊王如來）。
○你哩茶者堅固義。亦穩固穩定義。○戍囉者勇猛者義。亦堅 5)9$>'H`3 ;1!$!;Hi'B
3c%O;
定者義。亦精勇苦行者義。○細曩者聚會義。亦集合義。○缽
囉賀囉拏者工具器械義。亦兵器武器義。○囉惹者王義。於一
切處而得自在。此中喻究竟解脫法法無障之三界法王也。○囉
曷帝者具音云阿囉曷帝。阿字合於前野字成引點也。義云應供。 namO-bhagavate-akSobhyqya-tathagetqyq-rhate-
如來十號之一名。○三藐三沒馱者正徧知義。亦如來德號之一 samyaksmbuddhqya
名。下同。 ●義釋歸命世尊無動如來應供正徧知。
○阿者一切法本不生義。亦無義。亦不義。○屈數者動義。亦
正動義。二合曰無動義。亦不動義。亦無嗔義。慈恩疏曰：
「阿
※ 曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝阿（上）弭跢（引）婆（去引）閦鞞佛。名無瞋恚。在東方阿比羅提（善快）國。」維摩經見
野怛他（引）誐跢（引）野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三不動佛國品曰：
「有國名妙喜。佛號無動。」依《大方等大集经》
沒馱（引）野谓。維摩詰大士者即彼佛上首弟子日密菩薩之應現也。
5)9$>'H#!!;1!$!;Hi' ※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝佩殺爾野（二合）麌（預縷）嚕
吠（微閉）璃哩野（二合）缽囉（二合）婆（去）囉（引）惹（引）
14 15
野怛他（引）誐跢（引）野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三切義普遍義。○澁畢多者華義。亦水生者義。○娑隣捺囉義云
沒馱（引）野娑羅樹根。娑攞者娑羅樹義。亦堅固義。亦高遠義。西域記六
曰：「其樹類檞而皮青白。葉甚光潤。四樹殊高。如來寂滅之
5)9$>'((4%%(&k;9!);1 所也。」○伊點合前攞字發隣音。因捺囉者根義（如眼根等）。
亦帝釋義。亦東方義。義月亮義。
!$!;Hi'B3c%O; ※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝舍（引）枳野（二合）母曩曳（引）
namO-bhagavate-bhaiSaijya-gurzvaidzrya-prabh 怛他（引）誐跢（引）野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒
a-rqjaya-tathagetqyq-rhate-samyaksmbuddhqya 馱（引）野
5)9$>'!B%5'1!$!;Hi'
●義釋歸命世尊藥師琉璃光王如來應供正徧知。
○佩殺爾野者藥義。亦精華義。○麌嚕者所依止義。亦師長義。
○吠璃哩野者吠琉璃寶也。○缽囉婆者光明義。亦光彩義。○
亦名大醫王佛。藥師琉璃光如來本願功德經曰：「佛告曼殊室
利。東方去此過十恆伽沙等佛土。有世界名淨琉璃。佛號藥師
琉璃光王如來。」又云：
「彼世尊藥師琉璃如來。本行菩薩道時。
B3c%O;
發十二大願。令諸有情所求皆得。」
namO-bhagavate-Xqkyamunaye-tathagetqyq-rhat
e-samyaksmbuddhqya
●義釋歸命世尊釋迦牟尼如來應供正徧知。
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝三補澁畢（二合）多（上）娑（上） ○釋迦者能義。慧苑音義下曰：「釋迦能也。種族望稱也。」
隣（上）捺囉（二合）囉（引）惹（引）野怛他（引）誐跢（引）「牟尼此云寂默也。德行之號。」大日經疏十三曰：「牟尼是佛
野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒馱（引）野部都號也。」大法鼓經曰：
「若稱歎釋迦牟尼名號功德。能拔眾
生三種毒箭。」央掘魔羅經曰：
「若聞釋迦牟尼如來名號。雖
5)9$>'+%O1B'>!);1!$ 未發心已是菩薩。」大乘寶云經曰：「釋迦如來於過去世行菩薩
時已發誓願。我成佛時凡是眾生聞我名者。皆悉令得不退轉于
!;Hi'B3c%O;
阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。」佛說廣博嚴淨不退轉輪經曰：「若有眾
生。已聞今聞當聞釋迦牟尼佛名者。是諸眾生。皆于阿耨多羅
三藐三菩提不退轉。」
namO-bhagavate-sampuSpita-salendra-rqjaya-tat
hagetqyq-rhate-samyaksmbuddhqya
※曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝喇（引）怛曩（二合）矩素麽摩
●義釋歸命世尊娑羅樹華普遍開敷王如來應供正徧知。（唐
本謂開敷華王如來）計（引）覩囉（引）惹（引）野怛他（引）誐跢（引）野（引）
○三者開敷義。亦最清靜真實義。亦安樂適悅義。亦所有義一囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒馱（引）野
16 17
5)9$>'<A%%:'%!);1!$ 5)9$>'B:.9.;1!$!;Hi'
!;Hi'B3c%O; B3c%O;
namO-bhagavate-ratnakusumaketu-rqjiaya-tatha namO-bhagavate-samantabhadraya-tathagetqyq-r
getqyq-rhate-samyaksmbuddhqya hate-samyaksmbuddhqya
●義釋歸命世尊寶華幢王如來應供正徧知。 ●義釋歸命世尊普賢如來應供正徧知。
○喇怛曩者寶義。○矩素麽者華義。如蓮花等。○計覩者幢義。 ○三曼哆者普遍義。亦普遍義。亦周遍義。亦一彈指（立刻、
等無間）義。○婆捺囉者賢善義。亦勝妙義。亦美好義。無盡
意菩薩經曰：「佛告舍利弗。東方去此度十恒河沙國土微塵等
◎曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝尾迦室當那野弩覩缽（二世界。彼有世界名曰不眴。是中有佛號曰普賢如來應正遍知明
合）攞誐馱計（引）覩囉（引）惹（引）野怛他（引）誐跢（引）行足善逝世間解無上士調禦丈夫天人師佛世尊今現在。舍利
野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒馱（引）野◎ 弗。其土無有聲聞緣覺。乃至不聞二乘之聲。一切聖眾純是菩
5)9$>'#!#+5;%D=$.'%!
薩。」
「舍利弗。諸佛世界嚴淨微妙。少有如彼普賢如來不眴世
界。」
);1!$!;Hi'B3c%O; ◎曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝吠嚕遮那野怛他（引）誐跢（引）
野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒馱（引）野◎
namO-bhagavate-vikaXitamnayanutpalagantaket
u-rqjaya-tathagetqyq-rhate-samyaksmbuddhqya
●義釋歸命世尊開敷眼優缽羅華香幢王如來應供正徧知。
5)9$>'(%'5;1!$!;Hi'B
3c%O;
（敦煌寫本謂優缽羅香廣目焰王如來）
○尾迦室當者開敷義。亦開啓義。亦打開義。○那野那者目（眼
睛）義。○鄔覩缽攞者鄔波羅樹義。亦蓮花義。亦善護義。○
誐馱者香義。亦芳香義。 namO-bhagavate-vairucanaya-tathagetqyq-rhate-
samyaksmbuddhqya
●義釋歸命世尊毗盧遮那如來應供正徧知。
◎曩謨（引）婆（上）誐嚩帝三曼哆婆捺囉（二合）野
○吠嚕遮那者光明遍照義。五千五百佛名經曰：「此諸佛等。
怛他（引）誐跢（引）野（引）囉曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒往昔行菩薩行時作如是願。我等證菩提已。若有眾生聞我等名
馱（引）野◎ 受持淨信。彼等皆住不退轉。超越過於八不閑處。諸佛菩薩皆
悉護念住持。往生清靜佛刹。捨彼命已。一切諸天皆守護過諸
18 19
怖畏。」 ○帝釤者如是義。○塞者一起義。亦共同義。訖唎怛嚩者已作
義。合云已俱作義。○袮嚩者天子義。袮吠者天女義。○布惹
者恭敬義。亦承事義。亦供養義。亦祀奉義。伊多者由此義。
※帝釤那莫塞訖唎(三合)怛嚩（二合）伊満（引）婆（上）誐亦於是義。伊點合前惹字成爾音。○室左者等義。○跛哩者完
嚩哆娑怛（二合）他（引去）誐都（引）瑟腻（二合引）釤悉跢全義。亦全體義。○播理擔者養育義。亦培養義。亦保護義。
（引）多缽怛嚂（二合）那麽（引）跛囉（引）爾（自已反）擔亦送至所住地義。
跛囉（二合）底孕（二合）擬（霓以）嚂（引）
'+5,7_J-9$>18!$)E+# ※薩嚩（二合）部（引）多屹囉（二合）賀（引）儞揭囉（二合）
賀迦囉抳滛（二合引）
!16X5)6!$+;H?$+ B_&10!#0C!</
teSam namaHskQitva imqm bhagavatastathqgatO sarvabhztagrahqni grahakaraYFm
SYFSam sitqtapatram namq parqjitam pratyaVgirq ●義釋堪能調伏一切部多通天鬼等。
●義釋我今如是歸命世尊一切如來頂髻白傘蓋歸命無能勝 ○部多者。亦云魑魅。鬼類之一種。慧苑音義下曰：「部多宮。
堪能調伏者。部多。此云自生。謂此類從父母生者。名夜叉。化生者。名部
○帝釤者如是義。○塞者一起義。亦共同義。訖唎怛嚩者已作多也。」○揭囉賀者魔障義。亦通天鬼義。亦曜（行星）義。
義。合云已俱作義。○伊満者我義。 ○儞揭囉賀者申訴義。亦呵責義。亦斥責義。亦恐嚇義。亦律
例義。亦折服義。亦駁倒義。○迦囉抳寅者能作者義。亦縫義。
下同。
※薩嚩（二合）袮嚩曩麽塞訖唎(三合)擔萨嚩袮吠毗藥（二
合）布（引）爾擔萨嚩袮吠（去引）室左（引）跛哩播（引）
※跛囉尾你也（二合引）砌娜!寅（二合引）
理擔
B_'>5, 7+B_ ''7 &$+B_' 6<#;/3K

paravidyq Thedanyam
'>6#!#+ ●義釋禁斷他明咒法。
○跛囉者他義。亦其他義。亦貪愛義。亦河流義。○尾你也者
sarvadeviH-namaskQitam-sarvadeviH-pzjitam-sar 明義。亦真言義。○砌娜你寅者截義。亦砍義。亦切碎剁碎義。
vadeviH-Xca-paripqlitam 亦十萬義。
●義釋一切諸天歸敬作禮。一切天眾等悉皆供養承事。悉皆
養育守護。
20 21
※訥難（上）跢（引）喃（上）薩怛嚩（二合引）喃（上）娜麽句意義亦無差也。行者隨緣擇用之。○钵啰者極義。甚義。最
劍義。頂義。亦初始義。亦第一義。○奢麽曩者能殺義。如閻摩
羅法王等是。
%~.-B`+3:+ ※薩嚩（二合）滿馱曩謨乞灑（二合）抳寅（二合引）
durdhqntanqm satvqnam damakam
●義釋調伏難伏諸眾生。
○訥難跢者難調伏義。亦難教化義。（此中若依梵典當為訥囉陀
（二合引）跢 durdhānta）○喃者等義。亦等義。○薩怛嚩者有
B_8B5)E>
sarva bandhana mokSaYyam
情義。○娜麽剑者調伏義。亦律義。 ●義釋能令一切繫縛解脫。
○滿馱曩者束縛義。亦捆綁義。○謨乞灑者解脫義。謨乞灑那
※訥瑟吒（二合）難（上）儞嚩（引）啰拏寅（二合引）者作解脫義。亦自解義。◆此中唐本作「薩嚩（二合）滿馱曩
謨乞灑（二合）那迦哩寅（二合引）」者。於文句意義亦無差
%7+#!</ 也。行者隨緣擇用之。
duSTanam nivqraYFm ※薩嚩（二合）訥瑟吒（二合）縟娑嚩（二合）缽曩（二合）!

●義釋遮斷諸惡。
○訥瑟吒者惡義。亦嗔恨義。亦嫌惡義。○儞嚩啰拏炎者遮斷嚩（引）囉抳滛（二合引）
義。亦出離義。亦厭離義。下同。
B_%7%b4#!</
※阿迦（引）藍沒唎（二合）帝庾（二合）跛哩怛囉（二合引） sarvaduSTa dusvapna nivqraYFm
拏迦哩寅（二合引） ●義釋能轉一切不善惡夢。
○縟娑嚩缽曩者惡夢義。○!嚩囉抳滛者遮義。亦障義。亦出
H!+2M6#O0!. 離義。亦厭離義。
akqlam mQidyu pari trqYakarFm ※拶覩囉（引）試（引）底南（上引）揭囉（二合）賀（引）娑

●義釋能轉非時橫死厄。
○阿迦羅者非時義。阿者非義。迦羅者定數（應計算之數）義。賀娑囉（二合）喃尾特奉（二合）娑曩迦哩寅（二合引）
亦年義。○沒唎帝庾者死義。○跛哩者完全義。亦全體義。○
怛囉拏者隱藏義。亦守護義。亦防護義。亦遵守義。○迦哩寅
者作義。下同。◆此中唐本作「阿迦（引）藍沒唎（二合）帝
'%!$#-0!BC\-#CB5!.
庾（二合）钵啰（二合）奢麽曩迦哩炎（二合引）」者。於文
caturqXFtinqm grahq sahasraYqm vidhvamsanaka
22 23
rFm 生眾生種種災異。」
●義釋能壞八萬四千諸煩惱障害。
○拶覩囉試底者八十四也。○娑賀娑囉者千義。○尾特奉娑曩 ※薩嚩（二合）設咄嚕（二合）!嚩（引）囉抳滛（二
者壞義。亦分開義。合引）
※阿（上）瑟吒（二合引）尾孕（二合）設底難（上）諾乞刹（二
B_@S #!</
合）怛囉（二合引）喃（引）缽囉（二合）娑（引）娜曩迦哩寅 sarvaXatrz nivqraYFm
（二合引） ●義釋能遮卻一切内外怨敵。
H8#?@#+5EO-;!35!.
○設咄嚕者怨敵義。其外者因嗔怨結恨而起。此外敵也。其内
者因煩惱無明而起。此内敵也。亦進攻義。亦相拒義。亦诤論
義。
aSTqvFmXatinqm nakSatrqYqm prasqdanakarFm
●義釋能令二十八宿歡喜。 ※具嚂縟娑嚩（二合）缽曩（二合）難（上）左曩（引）設!
○阿瑟吒尾孕設底者二十八義。○諾乞刹怛囉者星宿（行星）滛（二合）
義。亦曜義。○缽囉娑娜曩者歡喜義。亦恩德恩惠義。亦信心
義。○二十八宿者。示禍福經緯災祥者也。文殊師利菩薩及諸
仙所說吉凶時日善惡宿曜經曰：「天地初建。寒暑之精化為日 )+%b4-'!@$?
月。烏兔抗衡生成萬物。分宿設宮管標群品。」東方七宿：角、 ghoram dusvapnanqmca nqXanFm
亢、氐、房、心、尾、萁；北方七宿：鬥、牛、女、虛、危、 ●義釋能消滅諸非常惡夢。
室、壁（東壁）；西方七宿：奎、婁、胃、昴、畢、觜、參；南 ○具嚂者令怖畏義。使害怕義。亦黑暗无光明义。（諸本翻為
方七宿：井、鬼、柳、星、張、翼、軫。伽嚂 garam 作重義釋者誤也。今更正之。）○難左者等義。○
曩設抳者驅逐義。亦排斥義。亦消滅義。亦毀壞義。
※阿（上）瑟吒（二合）難（上引）摩賀（引）揭囉（二合）
賀喃尾特奉（二合）娑曩迦哩寅（二合引） ※尾灑設娑怛囉（三合）阿（上）擬你（二合）鄔娜迦鄔跢
囉抳滛（二合引）
H8-:!0C+#CB5!. #A@C H4L3!L:</
aSTqnqm mahq grahaYam vidhvamsanakarFm
●義釋能壞八大惡星。 visa Xastra agni udaka uttaraYFm
○阿瑟吒難者八義。○大佛頂如來密因修證了義諸菩薩萬行首 ●義釋能安度毒藥刀兵水火諸難。
楞嚴經曰：
「阿難。是娑婆界有八萬四千災變惡星。二十八大惡 ○尾灑者諸毒義。○設娑怛囉者刀杖兵器義。○阿擬你火義。
星而為上首。復有八大惡星以為其主。作種種形出現世時。能 ○鄔娜迦者水義。○鄔者彼岸義。亦清淨義。亦能護義。如日
24 25
月等即能護義也。○鄔怛囉抳滛者渡者義。亦渡船義。如船舟執獨股杵。踏蓮花。又有謂烏樞瑟摩(Ucchuşma)明王為大力明
筏等是。王者。亦具穢跡金剛。不淨金剛。火頭金剛諸名。○半拏囉者
白色也。○半拏囉嚩悉!者服白衣義。亦白衣觀音之梵號也。
※阿跛囉（引）爾（自已反）擔摩賀（引）具（引）攬（引）摩大日經疏五曰：「半拏羅嚩悉寧。譯云白處。以尊常在白蓮花
賀（引）麽攬（引）摩賀（引）賛喃（上引）摩賀（引）捻（奴中。故以爲名。」秘藏記末曰：「蓮花部馬頭觀音爲主。伴陀
積反）缽擔（二合）摩賀（引）帝（引）染（自攬）摩賀（引）羅縛字尼是白衣觀音也。此為母。亦戴天髮髻冠。襲純素衣。
左手持開敷蓮花。從此最白淨出生普眼。故此三昧名為蓮花部
濕吠（二合）擔（引）摩賀（引）入嚩（二合）攬
母也。」同十曰：「白者。即是菩提之心。住此菩提之心。即
H6!$+ :!)+ :!8+ :!'7 是白住處也。此菩提心從佛境界生。常住於此。能生諸佛也。

此是觀音母。即蓮花部主也。」
:!$3 :!', :!P. :!@- ※阿（去引）哩野（二合）跢（引）囉（引）勃哩（二合）矩砧

（去引）
aparqjitam-mahqghoram-mahqbalam-mahqcaYDa
m-mahqdFptam-mahqtejqm-mahqXvetqm-mahqjv
alqm
Hk!!0%-
qryatqrq bhQikuTFm
●義釋是無能勝者具足大勢力。大忿怒。大熾盛。大威光。 ●釋聖多羅母毗俱胝（亦稱多羅尊。救度母。）
大明耀。大光焰。悉能威嚴怖畏如上一切諸難。 ○此譯作眼瞳義。蘇婆呼經下曰：「多羅。此云妙目精。」大日
○摩賀者大義。亦威嚴義。亦威光義。亦光榮義。○麽攬者勢經疏五曰：「多羅。是眼義。」胎藏界曼茶羅觀音院中多羅菩薩
力義。亦力量義。亦能力義。亦氣力精力義。○賛喃者忿怒義。也。大日經一曰：「彼右大名稱。聖者多羅尊。青白色相雜。中
亦暴怒義。亦暴惡義。亦猛烈義。亦兇猛義。亦痊愈義。○捻年女人狀。合掌持青蓮。圓光無不遍。暉發猶淨金。微笑鮮白
缽擔者燃燒義。亦熾盛義。亦光彩義。亦神采飛揚容光煥發義。衣。」大日經疏十曰：
「如大本中有五百多羅尊。皆從觀音眼生。
○帝染者威光義。亦燒義。亦火義。○濕吠擔者明亮義。亦明皆是阿彌陀佛姊妹三昧也。」大日經疏五曰：
「此是觀自在三昧。
顯義。亦清楚義。○入嚩攬者光焰義。亦燈義。多羅是眼義。青蓮花是淨無垢義。以如是慈眼攝受群生。既不
先時。亦不後時。故作中年女人像。不大老不大少也。（中略）
※摩賀（引）麽攬（引）半拏囉嚩（二合）悉!（引）其像合掌。掌中持此青蓮。如微笑形。通身圓光如淨金色。被
:!8-62<!#$ 服白衣。首作髮髻作天髻形。不同大日髻冠也。」佛說大方廣曼
殊師利經曰：「多羅大悲者。一切之慈母。天人及藥叉。無一非
子者。故號世間母。」「爾時觀自在菩薩摩訶薩。......入于普
mahqbalqm paYDaravqsinF 光明多羅三昧。以三昧力。從其面輪右目瞳中放大光明。隨光
●釋具大勢力白處尊（亦稱白處尊。白衣觀自在。）
流出現妙女形。住於殊勝妙色三昧。無價雜寶而為嚴身。如融
○摩賀麽攬者大勢力義。此謂胎藏界曼茶羅金剛手院金剛薩埵
真金映琉璃寶。所謂成就世出世間密言之要。能息眾生種種苦
菩薩前之秘密使者也。亦稱大力金剛。為忿怒形。青色。左收
26 27
6M+>6$@'
惱。亦能喜悅一切眾生。遍入諸佛法界自性。由如虛空平等住
故。普告眾生作如是言。誰在變苦誰在流溺生死海中。我令誓
度......以清涼光普照眾生。猶如世間清涼月輪能除熱惱。一
切幽瞑無不照了複過於是。含嬉微笑。憐悯眾生猶如慈母。」 padmamkam vajrajihvaca
○曼茶羅中觀自在菩薩具定慧之二德。毗俱胝主其慧德。多羅 ●釋蓮花相及金剛舌。（唐本謂蓮花瓔相金剛相。）
菩薩主其定德。○毗俱胝者胎藏界觀音院三十七尊之一。亦稱 ○缽納摩者八瓣白蓮花也。○劍者安樂適悅義。○暗迦者相義。
毗俱胝天女。毗俱胝者皺義也。亦嗔目義。亦忿像義。此天女亦記號標識義。亦象徵預兆義。亦兵器武器義。○嚩日囉爾賀
從觀音額上之皺中生故名。大日經疏五曰：「觀音左邊置聖者毗嚩者金剛舌義。○左者及義。亦與義。亦決定受持義。
俱胝。其身四手。右邊一手垂數珠鬘。一手作施願印。左邊一
手持蓮花。一手持軍持。面有三目。如摩醯首羅像。首戴髮冠。 ※麽（引）攞（引）載（引）嚩（引）跛囉（引）爾多
!!'>6!$+
如毗盧遮那髮髻冠形。」同十曰：「佛大會中。時諸金剛現大可
畏降伏之狀。狀如無有能伏之者。時觀音額皺中現此菩薩。西
方謂額上皺文為毗俱胝。如今人忿時額上有皺也。此菩薩現身
作大忿怒之狀。時諸金剛皆有怖心。入金剛藏身中。時彼亦大 mqlq cevq parqjitam
怖畏。入如來座下而言。願佛護我。時佛謂彼毗俱胝言。姊汝 ●釋具鬘最妙無能及。（唐本謂珠瓔最妙無能及。）
住。時毗俱胝即住已白佛。為佛所教敕。我當奉行。」 ○麽攞者瓔鬘義。謂如珠而串掛於頸項而垂至腰部之裝飾物。
亦具鬘母義。即示現女身嚴飾瓔鬘諸大菩薩也。○載嚩跛囉爾
※載嚩尾惹野嚩日囉（二合）麽（上）禮底尾秫嚕（二合）多者最勝妙极無有能及義。
擔 ※嚩日囉（二合引）難（上）膩寅（二合）尾舍（引）攞（引）
左
'>#);>6:'##6+ >635#!!'
ceva vijaya vajramaleti viXrztam
●釋名稱瓔相勝金剛。 vajradaYDFm viXqlqca
○尾惹野者完全戰勝義。載嚩尾惹野者最勝義。亦最妙義。○ ●釋金剛棒杖等摧壞。（唐本謂奢熾天女金剛唇。）
麽禮底者成串物義。亦瓔相義。亦排列義。此謂金剛瓔鬘菩薩 ○難膩寅者棍棒義。亦持杖者義。亦罰義。古稱檀拏。陀羅尼
海會也。聖位經曰：
「毗盧遮那佛域内新證得金剛華鬘菩提分法集經四曰：「檀拏。唐言策杖。」此謂於棒頭戴人頭者。治罰罪
三摩地智。自受用故。（中略）成金剛華鬘天女形菩薩。」一切人之意。大日經疏五曰：「檀拏印。此相猶如棒形。上有人首。
秘密最上名義大教王儀軌卷下曰：「持戒波羅密多法。即是金剛作極忿怒之狀。」亦閻摩羅王所持之法器也。○嚩日囉難膩寅者
妙寶鬘。莊嚴身意悉清靜。此即金剛鬘菩薩。」○尾秫嚕擔者圓持金剛棒杖諸執金剛神也。○尾舍攞左者天神力士義。亦摧毀
滿稱譽義。亦多聞義。亦名稱義。亦智者義。摧壞義。
※缽納懵（上二合）劍嚩日囉（二合）爾賀嚩（二合）左 ※扇跢吠袮（去）嚩布（引）爾擔（引）
28 29
@. ( '>&$.
剛薩埵前之使者也。梵云摩訶縛羅。譯言大力。為忿怒形。青
色。左手執獨股杵。踏蓮花。又為香象菩薩之金剛名。羅什之
維摩經注釋香象菩萨之名曰：「青香象也。身出香風。菩薩身
Xanta vai deva pzjitq 香風亦如此也。」大方廣佛華嚴經菩薩住處品曰：
「北方有菩薩
●釋善貌天眾往供養。（唐本謂和顔天眾供養者。）住處。名香聚山。過去諸菩薩常於中住。彼現在菩薩名香象。
○扇跢者具樂義。亦寂靜義。亦態度溫和義。亦和顔義。○吠有三千菩薩眷屬常為説法。」
者集聚義。亦堆積義。○袮嚩者天義。亦功德處義。○布惹者
供養義。亦恭敬義。亦承事義。亦祀奉義。○伊擔者去義。亦 ※阿（上）跛囉（引）嚩日囉（二合）餉迦攞（引）載嚩
到義。如到彼岸。
※掃（去引）弭野（二合）嚕（引）喯（補敢反）摩訶（引）
H6!>6@!!'>
濕吠（二合）跢 aparq vajraXaVkalq ceva
●釋無勝金剛妙連鎖。（唐本謂不死金剛之寶釧。）
*3&+ :!P1 ○跛囉者最上義。亦殊勝義。亦頂義。阿跛囉者無勝義。謂不

可戰勝義也。亦無死義。此謂曼茶羅中之金剛無勝結護菩薩也。
Saomyarzpam mahqXvetq 為胎藏界南門之秘密護法神。大日經謂：「其黑色玄衣。毗俱
●釋殊勝形貌大明耀。（唐本謂善貌威勢大天女。）胝形。眉間有浪文。上頂髮冠。自身有威光。照眾生界。手持
○掃弭野者殊勝義。亦優越義。○嚕喯者形狀義。亦樣貌義。檀茶。」○嚩日囉餉迦攞者金剛連鎖義。亦金剛鏁菩薩義。謂以
亦自性義。亦本質義。亦行相義。亦色義。○濕吠跢者明顯義。無礙大悲之鏁。標係留一切眾生菩提心之德。聖位經曰：「毗盧
亦明亮義。亦清楚義。此乃胎藏界曼茶羅觀音院中白身觀自在遮那佛。於内心證得堅固金剛鏁械三摩地智。自受用故。（中略）
菩薩之梵號。秘藏記末曰：
「白身觀自在菩薩淺黃色。左手持蓮成金剛鏁菩薩形。守智慧戶。」秘藏記末曰：「白肉色。右持金
花。」剛鏁。二端著三股跋折羅。」又一切秘密最上名義大教王儀軌
卷下曰：「相應行者菩提行。是即最上金剛杵。而彼堅固勝妙性。
※阿（去引）哩野（二合）跢（引）囉摩賀（引）麽攞此即金剛鏁菩薩。」
Hk!<:!8= ※嚩日囉（二合）矯（魚矯反引）麽（鼻引）哩矩嫩馱哩（引）
qryatqra mahqbala
●釋聖多羅尊大力母。（唐本謂賢度超越大力女。）
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○跢羅者。此謂救度觀自在菩薩。亦稱度母。觀自在菩薩之所 vajrakaomqri kulandharF
化也。○摩賀麽攞者。此喻究竟解脫之大勢力也。亦謂大力金 ●釋金剛童子持性女
剛。賢劫十六尊之香象菩萨（Gandha-hasti）也。或稱護法金 ○矯麽哩者童女義。守護曼茶羅之童女相菩薩也。其相肉色。
剛。香惠。赤色。不可息等名。位於胎藏界曼荼羅金剛手院金左手持鉾。右手或掬。或左手執杵。右手持劍。○矩嫩者種族
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義。亦姓義。亦家族義。亦世系義。亦持地義。馱哩者持義。（二合引）灑
亦執義。亦握義。亦抓拿義。○矩麽攞者童子義。三轉伊。女
聲作童女義。西方無量壽如來之化身。現忿怒之童子形。手執
金剛杵。故謂之金剛童子。俱摩羅儀軌曰：
「左丁字立。足踏青
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蓮花。身作黃云色。髮赤上繚亂。種種諸瓔珞。環釧以嚴身。 vairucanq kulqrthadam uSYFSa
用虎皮縵胯。左執拔折羅。右下施無畏。當作極忿形。」○矩 ●釋金剛髻稱能普照
嫩馱哩者亦金剛童子菩薩義。○此謂示現童貞相諸秘密執金剛 ○吠嚧左曩者日義。亦光明遍照義。亦月亮義。○矩剌者亦作
藏王種族也。矩攞。種義。亦族義。○阿闥者處義。○鄔瑟抳灑者頂髻義。
※嚩日囉（二合）賀娑跢（二合引）左摩訶（引）尾你也（二 ※尾日啉（二合）婆（去）麽拏（引）左
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合引）謇左曩麽（鼻引）理迦（引）
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vajrahastqca mahqvidyq kamcana mqlikq ●釋種相窈窕金剛母。
●釋金剛手大明金鬘。（唐本謂執金剛呪金瓔者。） ○尾者妙也。○日啉婆者體態昂然義。亦福慶義。○麽拏者帝
○賀娑跢者手義。亦肘義。此謂胎藏界曼茶羅金剛手院中金剛釋之金剛杵義。
持金剛菩薩也。號堅古金剛。亦號秘密金剛。位金剛薩埵菩薩
之右方。形像黃白色。冠有珠。右手做施願。開肘當膝而不著。 ※娑嚩日囉（二合）迦曩迦缽囉（二合）婆（去）路（引）左
作手向内。執三股杵當乳。而少向右。坐赤蓮花。○摩訶尾你曩
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也者大明呪義。○謇左曩者金義。○麽理迦者有瓔鬘義。亦具
瓔鬘義。
※矩遜婆（去引）喇怛曩（二合）載嚩 savajra kanaka prabha lOcana

●釋勝義金光佛眼尊。
%%B<A '> ○娑者共同義。亦一起義。○迦曩迦者金義。亦發光義。亦閃
光義。○缽囉婆者光義。亦光彩義。○路左曩者眼義。亦目義。
kusumdbhq ratna ceva 亦觀者義。亦作視義。亦佛眼尊義。
●釋大赤華及寶珠女。（唐本謂大寶蓮花紅藍花。）
○矩遜婆者紅藍花也。為橙紅色復華。以染線者。○喇怛曩者 ※嚩日囉（二合引）頓膩寅（二合）左濕吠（二合）跢（引）
寶貝義。亦珍寶義。○大義者。承上文也。左
※吠（去引）嚧轉舌）左曩（引）矩剌（引）闥難（上）鄔瑟抳
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此自稱弟子某甲受持及作諸守護廻向。）
○伊底曳者如是義。○母捺囉者印義。亦手印義。亦心印義。
亦掐算義。○誐拏者聚會義。亦集合義。亦群集義。○薩吠者
vajra tuYDFmca Xvetqca 遍一切義。○囉乞鏟者令守護義。亦防護義。亦保護者義。○
●釋金剛炬及白觀音。（唐本謂大白天女金剛唇。）屈囉挽覩者作於義。覩者決定受持也。○麽麽者我義也。下同。
○頓膩寅者炬義。亦燭義。○濕吠跢者白義。即大悲胎藏界曼 ○薩嚩薩怛嚩難左者一切諸有情也。亦功德盡施法界含識義。
茶羅觀音院中白身觀自在菩薩也。亦名大白身觀音。秘藏記末
曰：「白身觀自在菩薩淺黃色。左手持蓮花。」 ※唵（引）乙哩（二合）史誐拏缽囉（二合）設娑跢（二
合）野薩嚩（二合）怛他（去引）誐妬（引）瑟抳（二合
※迦麽（鼻）攞（引）乞史（二合引）設試缽囉（二合）婆（去蒲憾反）
引）灑（引）野吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）
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●釋蓮花眼及月光母。（唐本謂及月光華蓮花目。）
○迦麽攞者蓮花義。○阿乞史者眼睛義。○設試者有兔義。謂 r
此中有兔影。亦月亮義。○月光母者。主如來化他之德。示遷 om QiSi gaYa praXastaya sarvatathqgatOSYFSqya
變眾生苦厄。使為利益安樂者也。胎藏界文殊院之一眾。秘藏
hzm trzm
記末曰：「月光菩薩。黃色。左手持青蓮華。上有半月形。」 ●釋由唵字住持力故。諸佛法流護念流注。此一切仙人所匯
集供養之處。一切如來頂髻白傘蓋總持普遍出生種種殊勝功
※伊底曳（二合）帝母捺囉（二合引）誐拏（引）薩吠（二合
德。普施摧逼諸魔羅障礙。究竟圓證法之邊際。
引）囉乞鏟（二合）屈（俱律反）囉挽（二合下無晚反）覩 ○唵者諸佛法流護念義。亦如來法報化三身具足義。亦略有五
麽麽（至此處念誦受持者名號某甲等及諸發願逥向文。）義。一歸命義。二警覺義。三攝伏義。四除障義。五供養義。
薩嚩（二合）薩怛嚩（二合引）難（上）左 ○乙哩史者仙人義。謂修行之隱士也。瑜伽四十九卷十六頁
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云：以無上故；說名為大。八支聖道所證得故；遠離一切災患
畏故；名仙尊位。○誐拏者匯集義。○缽囉設娑跢者已稱揚義。
亦已讚嘆義。亦應讚頌義。此謂所供養處及福田義。亦吉祥之
`-' 地義。○鄔瑟抳灑者頂髻義。亦佛頂義。玄應音義二十一曰：
「案無上依經云。頂骨湧起。自然成髻是也。」觀佛三昧海經曰：
「如來頂上。肉髻團圓。當中湧起。高顯端嚴。猶如天蓋。」○
idyete mudra gaYa sarve rakSam kurvatu mama 吽者勝因義。亦出生諸勝功德義。此由阿賀鄔摩之四字組成。
sarvasatvqnqmca 般若理趣釋上曰：「吽字者因之義。因之義者。謂菩提心為因。
●釋如是等諸咒印聚。願悉咸皆守護我及一切諸有情。（至即一切如來菩提心。亦是一切如來不共真如妙體。恆沙功德皆
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由此生。此一字具四字義。」○豽嚕唵者施義。亦驚覺義。謂大
白傘蓋佛頂性種也。此由娜囉鄔暗四字組成。由此離塵無垢佛
頂性種普施摧逼諸魔礙故徹法邊際也。亦施摧逼魔礙寂靜安隱
義。施之義者。謂如來之究竟方便也。○暗字者。亦百光遍照 mOhana kara hzm trzm
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義。亦一切法邊際不可得義。以下同。
※染婆（去）曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）娑擔（二
合）婆（去）曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）謨（引） mathana kara hzm trzm
賀曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）沫他（去）曩迦囉吽（引）
豽嚕唵（三合引）跛囉尾你也（二合）三（去）薄乞灑（二 6<#:B9E 0 !<0r
合）拏（鼻）迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）薩嚩（二合）訥 para vidya sabhakSaYa kara hzm trzm
瑟吒（二合）難（上）娑擔（二合）婆（去）曩迦囉吽（引）豽
嚕唵（三合引）薩嚩（二合）藥乞灑（二合）囉（引）乞灑（二
合）娑（去）喃（引）揭囉（二合）賀（引）尾特奉（二合）娑
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sarva duSTanqm stambhana kara hzm trzm
曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）拶覩囉（二合）試（二
合）底南（上引）揭囉（二合）賀娑賀娑囉（二合）喃尾特奉
（二合）娑曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）阿（上）瑟
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吒（二合）尾孕（二合）設底難（上）諾乞刹（二合）怛囉（二 sarva yakSa rqkSasa grahqYqm vidhvamsana kara
合引）喃缽囉（二合）娑（引）娜曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三 hzm trzm
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合引）阿（上）瑟吒（二合引）難（上引）摩賀（引）揭囉（二合）
喃嗢答麽娜曩迦囉吽（引）豽嚕唵（三合引）囉乞灑（二合）
囉乞灑（二合）滿（引）（至此處念誦受持者名號某甲等
及諸發願逥向文。）
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,95 !<0r caturqXFtFnqm grahq sahasraYqm vidhvamsana
kara hzm trzm
jambhana kara hzm trzm
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aSTqvFmXatinqm nakSatrqYqm prasqdanakara hzm
Stambhana kara hzm trzm trzm
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持者名號某甲等及諸發願、守護、逥向文。）
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trzm
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rakSarakSa mqm SYFSa mahq pradyam Vgire
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●釋由是諸佛頂髻大白傘蓋無能勝堪能調伏觉性力故。為作
押領。為作鎮守。為作結護。為作摧毀。他明集處作不成就。
一切諸惡為作鎮守。能壞一切藥叉羅刹魔障鬼等。能壞八萬
四千諸煩惱障害。能令二十八宿歡喜。能令八大惡星慚愧。
願究竟加持擁護於我。
○染婆曩者押領義。亦迅速義。亦疾行義。亦誦咒義。○迦囉
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者作義。○娑擔婆曩者鎮守義。○謨賀曩者結護義。亦作弄義。
mahq sahasra bhuje sahasra XFrSai koTFXata saha
亦愚弄義。○沫他曩者摧毀義。亦毀壞義。亦力士義。○跛囉 sara netrai
尾你也者他真言也。亦他呪詛義。○三薄者匯集處義。亦面前
義。亦近旁義。○乞灑拏作無成就義。亦所作不成功義。亦供
神敬神祀神義。亦碎塊義。○嗢答麽娜曩者慚義。亦令羞慚義。
H':@#!1,!:!><!<e%>5:
亦宣揚佛法義。○囉乞灑囉乞灑者擁護至極義。亦極守護義。
亦命令防護義。○滿者我義也。亦無我義也。 2=
abhennya jvalitq taTaka mahq vajrOdqra tQibhuva
※婆（去）誐鍐娑怛（二合）他（去引）誐妬（引）瑟抳（二
na maYDala
合引）灑悉跢（引）多跛怛囉（二合）摩訶（引）嚩日嚧（二
合引）瑟抳（二合引）灑摩訶（引）缽囉（二合）底孕（二合）
儗（研以反）"（引）摩訶（引）娑賀娑囉（二合）部逝（引自
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曳）娑賀娑囉（二合）施（引）哩曬（二合引）句致（引）設多 om svasti rbhavatu mqm mama
（上）娑賀娑囉（二合）寗怛瀬（二合）瀬阿（上）陛袮入嚩 ●釋世尊一切如來頂髻大白傘蓋。大金剛頂髻。廣大堪能調
伏者。具威嚴千臂千首百千俱胝眼。於此無別異火焰金剛杵
（二合）理多（引）怛吒迦摩訶（引）嚩日嚧（二合引）
三界寬廣曼茶羅之内。願决定圓滿守護满足我等之一切善
娜（引）囉底哩（二合）部嚩曩滿拏攞唵娑嚩（二合）悉願。
底（二合丁逸反）哩婆（二合）嚩覩滿麽麽（至此處念誦受 ○娑賀娑囉者千義。○部惹者手義。亦臂義。亦培養義。亦守
38 39
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護義。○施哩曬者頭義。亦首義。○句致者千萬義。亦尖義。
亦無邊際義。○設多者百義。亦優越者義。如智者及善士等是。
○寗怛瀬者眼睛義。○阿陛袮(Abhenne)者無異義。亦無別義。
亦無差別義。亦無混雜義。○入嚩理多者由此熾燃義。○怛吒 agnibhayq
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迦者泊義。○娜囉者金剛杵義。亦女相義。亦規模義。亦面積
義。亦摧毀義。亦毀滅義。○底哩部嚩曩者三有義。亦三界義。
底哩者三也。部嚩曩者有義。謂世間輪回等。○滿拏攞者輪圓
俱足義。○娑嚩悉底者心願義。亦吉祥義。亦幸福安樂義。亦 udakabhayq
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福德福利義。亦善法義。○哩婆嚩者出生義。亦發生義。○覩
者決定受持義。
※囉（引）惹婆（去）夜（引）祖（去引）囉婆（去）夜（引） viSabhayq
阿（上）儗!（去）婆（去）夜（引）鄔娜迦婆（去）夜（引）
尾灑婆（去）夜（引）設娑怛囉（三合）婆（去）夜（引）跛囉 @C9!
斫羯囉（二合）婆（去）夜（引）訥礔乞叉（二合）婆（去）夜 Xastrabhayq
（引）阿哩婆（去）夜（引）阿（上）捨!婆（去）夜（引）阿
（上）迦（引）覽蜜唎（二合）底庾（二合）婆（去）夜（引）
馱囉抳部（引）弭剱播（引）婆（去）夜（引）嗢勒迦（二合
6<'F9!
paracakrabhayq
引）播（引）多婆（去）夜（引）囉（引）惹難（上）拏婆（去）
夜（引）素缽哩抳（二合）婆（去）夜（引）曩（引）誐婆（去）
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地動難。星墜隕石難。國王刑罰難。大鵬金翅鳥難。龍難。
雷電箭難。惡獸難。
○阿者無義。亦無生義。亦本不生滅義。○囉惹者國王義。亦
akqlammQityubhayq 國之領袖義。○婆夜者怖畏義。亦恐怖義。亦恐懼義。亦可怕
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義。亦難義。○祖囉者土匪義。亦強盜義。亦盜賊義。○阿儗!
者火義。○鄔娜迦者水義。亦河流義。○尾灑者毒義。○設娑
怛囉者武器義。亦兵器義。亦工具義。亦用具義。○跛囉斫羯
dhqraYibhzmikammpabhayq 囉者他軍隊義。跛囉者他義。斫羯囉者軍隊義。亦部隊義。亦
L/!19! 輪義。此為古印度之武器也。○訥礔乞叉者旱災義。亦飢荒義。
亦災義。○阿哩者怨敵義。○阿捨!者流焰義。亦霹靂義。謂
有電光霹靂之雷聲。亦電義。亦閃電義。亦方向方面方位義。
ulkqpqtabhayq ○阿迦覽蜜唎底庾者詳如前注。○馱囉抳部弭剱播者地動義。
!!3 29! 馱囉抳者大地義。亦世界義。亦地方義。亦平鋪義。亦展開義。

亦總持義。部弭者聖域聖地義。亦大地義。亦世間義。剱播（據
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義。亦徭役義。○素缽哩抳者亦稱蘗嚕。金翅鳥義。亦大鵬義。
八部護法眾之一。翅翎金色。故名金翅鳥。其兩翅廣三百三十
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六萬里。住須彌山峽層。常取龍為食。閻浮提上僅容其一足。
!$9! 依涅槃經。此鳥能食消龍魚七寶等。○曩誐者龍也。亦名水主。
水屬之王也。畜類攝。於水得自在故云不可思議也。○尾你聿
nqgabhayq 者雷電義。亦電義。亦箭義。亦遍入天神義。下同。○讚捺蜜
哩誐者惡獸義。讚捺者忿怒義。亦暴怒義。亦猛烈義。亦兇猛
#>9! 義。亦痊愈義。蜜哩誐者獸義。亦野獸義。亦牲畜義。
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餘處。」○比舍左者廁鬼義。亦精靈義。玄應音義二十一曰：「鬼
名也。餓鬼中勝者也。亦言癲狂鬼也。」慧苑音義下曰：「毗舍
闍之王。即是提頭賴吒。此云持國。謂護持國土。領二部鬼。
jamikagrahq 一名毗舍闍。此云瞰精鬼。二名乾達婆。此云尋香也。」○部多
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者惡鬼也。為餓鬼中之一種。○禁畔拏者守宮婦女鬼也。探玄
記二曰：「鳩槃茶。依正法華經。名厭眉鬼。噉人精鬼等。亦名
冬瓜鬼。王名毗樓勒。此云增長王。是南方天王。領二部鬼。
kaTakaminigrahq 一名鳩槃茶。二名闢荔多。從所領為名。」慧苑音義上曰：「鳩
●釋及天障鬼難。龍障鬼難。藥叉障鬼難。羅刹障鬼難。餓槃茶。此云陰囊。亦曰形印。謂此之類陰囊狀如冬瓜。行時擎
鬼障鬼難。廁障鬼難。非人障鬼難。守宮婦女障鬼難。身臭置肩上。坐時即便據之。由斯弊狀。特異諸類。故從之為名。」
障鬼難。身奇臭障鬼難。六面童子障鬼難。令健忘障鬼難。 ○布怛曩者臭鬼義。為餓鬼之中果報最勝者。玄應音義二十一
令癲狂障鬼難。影障鬼難。陰謀障鬼難。如馬形障鬼難。具曰：「布怛那者。此義云臭。是餓鬼中勝者也。」○羯吒布怛曩
奇欲女障鬼難。者奇臭鬼也。謂猶較前布怛曩鬼為臭者。○瑟謇娜者能幹義。
○名義集二曰：「婆沙云。鬼者畏也。謂虛怯多畏。又威也。能亦六面童子鬼義（有本謂其究摩羅童子鬼）。亦蘊義。大日經疏
令他畏其威也。」止觀八曰：「魔病者與鬼不異。鬼但病身殺身。五曰：「塞建那天。即是童子天也。」探玄記二十曰：「塞建那。
魔則破觀心。破法身慧命。」仁王經合疏上曰：「八部者：乾闥此云勝伏。」○阿跛娑麽囉者健忘義。亦令遺忘鬼義。野狐形鬼
婆、毗舍闍二眾。東方提頭賴吒天王領；鳩槃荼、薜荔多二眾。也。此能害人患口中沫出病。○嗢荅麽娜者瘋義。亦狂義。亦
南方毗留勒叉天王領；龍、富單那二眾。西方毗留博叉天王領；心失正念義。此謂瘋狂鬼也。亦謂熱鬼。○蹉夜者影子鬼義。
夜叉、羅刹二眾。北方毗沙門天王領。」○屹攞賀者魔障義。亦夢魘鬼義。謂能令人睡熟時心脈不動者。○"嚩底者陰謀鬼
亦鬼義。亦曜義。即行星也。○袮嚩者天義。○曩誐者龍義。也。其身如狗形。常患諸小兒作種種雜相病也。○惹弭迦者如
八部眾之一。有神通力。能變化云雨。同良賁疏曰：「惡鬼疾疫。馬形鬼義。此能害人患喜啼喜笑病。○建咤迦弭!者具奇欲女
惡龍旱澇。」○藥乞灑者具瞰食鬼。捷疾鬼。勇健鬼。秘密鬼鬼義。鳥形鬼也。此能害人患咽喉聲塞病。
等義。玄應音義曰：「藥叉。此譯云能瞰鬼。謂食瞰人也。又云
傷者。謂能傷害人也。」大日經疏一曰：「西方謂夜叉為秘密。 ※嗢惹（引）賀哩抳野（二合）蘗婆（去）賀哩抳野（二
以其身口意速疾隱秘難可了知也。」○囉乞灑娑者暴惡可畏鬼
合）惹（引）多賀哩抳野（二合）尒（自異反）尾多賀哩抳野
也。慧琳音義二十二曰：「囉刹婆。梵語食人惡鬼都名也。」同
（二合）嚕地囉（引）賀哩抳野（二合）嚩娑（引）賀哩抳野
二十五曰：「羅刹此云惡鬼也。食人血肉。或飛空或地行。捷疾
（二合）莽（引）娑賀哩抳野（二合）謎（引）娜（引）賀哩抳
可畏也。」○畢"多者餓鬼義。此趣常苦飢餓。由其所受果報
不同而有勝劣。有福德者。則當山林塚廟之神。下者居不淨處野（二合）沫惹賀哩抳野（二合）挽（無滿反下同）跢賀哩
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略）以從他求故名餓鬼。又常飢虛。故名為餓。恐怯多畏。故賀哩抳野（二合）
名為鬼。」俱舍論十一曰：「諸鬼本處。琰魔王國。於此瞻部洲
下。過五百庾繕那。又琰魔王國。縱橫亦爾。從此輾轉。散居
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%#!C$9 食不淨者。食無花果者。
○嗢惹（二合）者力量義。亦氣力義。亦精氣義。亦精液義。
rudhirqharFYya 亦勢力義。○阿（引）賀囉（a ha ra）者進食義。阿（引）
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>!C$9 囉挐者。受取義。亦拿義。句中囉音與挐音連讀轉為伊聲。野
音者引聲助語也。下例同。○蘗婆者藏義。亦胎義。亦精髓義。
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沫惹者髓義。亦骨髓義。○挽跢者風義。亦氣義。亦氣息義。
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無花果樹義。別本標作喞多。此義為心臟。恐與不空本原意不
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賀迦攞麽底哩誐拏者大黑天神及彼樂居塚母眾眷屬義。同上。
○迦播理迦者持骷髏骨者。亦名勝樂尊。亦護樂義。迦播攞者
頭蓋骨也。亦骨碗也。○惹野者勝者義。亦能勝義。亦合理義。
vajrapqYi-guhyakqdhipati-kQitqm-vidyqm-chinda 亦適宜。適合義。迦囉者作義。麽度者驕慢義。薩嚩囉他者一
yami-kFlayami 切處義。亦一切義利義。娑馱迦行者義。亦修者義。亦修習者
●釋如是等一切諸怖畏險難。及諸惡鬼眾所作明咒威力我今義。（注：唐本於此作娑馱那。此義云已作義。亦修法義。亦
禁斷我今釘金剛橛。外道所作明咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛修習方便義。亦成就義。）○拶咄薄儗!者四姊妹天神義。大
橛。狐魅所作明咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。大獸主天所樂金剛不空真實三昧耶經般若波羅蜜多理趣釋卷上曰：「爾時四
作明咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。那羅延天五大印所作明姊妹女天獻自心真言者。其第一名惹耶。第二名微惹耶。第三
咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。金翅鳥王所作明咒威力我今阿爾多。第四阿波羅爾多。此四天亦有曼茶羅。中央畫都牟盧
禁斷我今釘金剛橛。大黑天神及彼樂居塚母眷屬所作明咒威天。此天四姊妹之兄也。東西南北各畫一天女。其軌則如廣經
力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。持骷髏護樂者所作明咒威力我今所說。四姊妹者。表瑜伽中四波羅蜜所謂常波羅蜜。樂波羅蜜。
禁斷我今釘金剛橛。諸作能勝諸作驕慢行一切義利者所作明我波羅蜜。淨波羅蜜是也。都牟盧表毗盧遮那佛谽字真言者一
咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。四姊妹及諸眷屬所作明咒威切法因不可得。其真言中帶莽字詮一切法我不可得。即成實相
力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。有喜天大聖歡喜天及眷屬所作明般若波羅蜜。若欲修此天法者。與此一字相應。亦契世間出世
咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。裸體外道所作明咒威力我今間三摩地。威德自在。一切見者皆得歡喜。所出言詞所求一切。
禁斷我今釘金剛橛。阿羅漢所作明咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金皆得從命。」○勃陵儗哩玖迦者鬬戰神義。難你迦者有喜義。
剛橛。離貪愛天所作明咒威力我今禁斷我今釘金剛橛。執金謂極喜自在天。六面童子諸欲界天等。濕嚩囉者自在義。誐曩
剛神秘跡之所作明咒威力亦皆禁斷亦皆釘金剛橛。缽底者大聖歡喜天之梵號。瑜珈悉地品秘要曰：「誐那缽底。
○尾你琰者真言明咒義。亦威力。亦力量義。亦能力義。○訖此云歡喜。非餘毗那夜迦也。以慈善根力。令諸毗那夜迦生歡
哩擔者所作義。○親娜者砍斷義。亦斬斷義。亦割斷割裂義。喜。生有三千子。其左千五百。毗那夜迦王為第一。作諸惡事。
亦截斷義。○夜弭者我今義。○枳攞野者杵義。亦木釘義。亦右千五百。善那夜迦持善天為第一。修一切善利。此善那夜迦
木橛子義。此謂金剛橛。作結界禁止降伏釘橛用也。下同。○ 王。則觀音之化身也。為調和彼毗那夜迦惡行。同生一類。成
跛哩沒囉惹迦者外道也。○拏迦拏枳!者狐魅也。亦云茶吉尼兄弟夫婦。示現相抱同體之形。」○諾屹曩者裸體義。亦無衣
（Dākini）。夜叉鬼之一種。又自在之通力。六月前知人之死。服義。亦黑暗義。亦禿髮義。亦勤奮敏捷義。室囉麽拏者具聞
取其人之心藏而食之。雖取其心。然有法術。要以於物代之。者義。謂諸學士智者也。○遏囉罕多者阿羅漢義。同上。○味
此任命亦不終。至合死時方壞也。慧琳音義三十五曰：「茶吉尼。多者離貪義。謂脫離貪愛也。囉誐者貪愛義。如貪愛女色等。
梵語。則鬼之總名。能魅人。與人通者也。」此諸鬼等為毗盧遮亦有本謂起屍鬼也。○播抳者手掌義。嚩日囉播抳者金剛手菩
那如來以降三世法門化作大黑天神以降伏之。令彼等受於佛戒薩號也。虞呬野迦地跛底者。詞藻也。此云秘密主。金剛手菩
攝為眷屬也。此即前篇所謂樂居塚間母是。○摩賀缽戍跛底嚕薩。秘密執金剛手藥叉神將。毗沙門等諸天大神。大自在天身
捺囉者大自在天之別號也。亦云大獸主義。釋詳上篇。○曩囉等均入攝此義。下同。
演拏半左摩賀母捺囉者那羅延天五大印也。同上。○怛怛嚩誐
嚕拏者金翅鳥王也。怛怛嚩者只此義。亦唯彼義。同上。○摩 ※囉乞灑（二合）囉乞灑（二合）滿（引）（至此處念誦受
54 55
持者名號某甲等及諸發願逥向文。）婆（去）誐嚩多娑怛 aravidara-chindachinda-bhindabhinda-hzmhzm-
（二合）他（去引）蘗妬（引）瑟抳（二合引）釤悉跢（引）多 phaTphaT-svqhq
缽怛啷（二合）曩謨窣覩（二合）帝
●釋此則金剛界頂輪王曼茶會中光聚佛頂秘密真言也。依唐
<E<E- 玄奘法師所制“五不翻”原則。今故不翻也。達者諒之識之。
○阿枲跢曩剌囉迦者白光分明義。阿枲跢者白也。阿囉迦者太
rakSarakSa-mqm 陽義。亦福田義。亦晶石水晶義。○缽囉婆者光彩義。亦光義。
謂如日光也。亦色彩艷麗義。○娑普吒者顯現義。亦裂義。亦
9$>18!$)E+ #!16X 5)A' 劈義。亦開義。亦破裂義。亦裂成碎塊義。亦寬廣義。○尾馱

者寂靜義。詞藻也。如佛。解脫。涅槃等是也。○菩提場所說
bhagavata-stathqgatOSYFSam-sitqtapatram namo 一字頂輪王經曰：「爾時世尊顯揚佛頂王威德故。作一切有情利
stute 益故。能息除一切災禍逼迫。能斷壞世間出世間真言。以此真
●釋歸命頂禮一切如來頂髻白傘蓋世尊。唯願極擁護於我。言句作加持。無量菩薩稱讚。無量俱胝佛。說此佛頂王光聚。
○曩謨窣覩帝歸命敬禮義。令現大威德故。是輪王佛頂之威光金剛句。......說此真言已。
三千大千世界。如寶爓燈形。無量間錯照曜。與蓮花色。帝青
※阿（上）枲（星以反）跢曩剌囉迦（二合）缽囉（二合）婆（去）寶蕊。為爓晃曜。而現一切虛空際。一切寶聚為寶帳。間錯鈴
娑普（二合）吒尾迦悉跢（引）多缽怛"（二合）入嚩（二合）鐸。一切莊嚴。光聚以變化力。為門界道。種種令普遍。佛威
德示現。遍覆虛空界。加持而住。令一切菩薩作歡喜。一切獲
攞入嚩（二合）攞馱迦馱迦尾馱迦尾馱迦娜囉娜囉尾
得安樂。從佛頂出光明。一切世間出世間真言明。威皆斷壞令
娜囉尾娜囉親（去）娜親（去）娜牝娜牝娜吽（引）吽（引）破奪其加持。令不成就。何以故大威光藏故。爾時世尊誥金剛
発（蒲缽反）吒（半音下同）発（蒲缽反）吒（半音下同）娑嚩（二手秘密主言。秘密主此一切如來光明照曜光聚佛頂。由此光明。
合）賀照曜三千大千世界。下至無間地獄邊際。乃至有頂。照曜。一
H#15!/;9Q,#!#!16T@=
切魔宮悉皆萎悴。於虛空際作照曜。金剛手此佛頂王。能斷一
切真言。才誦此真言。修行者隨意。世間出世間真言。令斷令
破令壞。唯除輪王佛頂。白傘蓋主佛頂。高佛頂。勝佛頂。佛
@=4!4!#4!#4!3<3<#3<#3 眼。五字如來心。除此餘一切世間出世間真言明。斷壞令打令
伏令縛令攝。修行者若才稱名才誦。隨意難調鬼魅。令壞令打
令馳走令挫辱。金剛手此光聚佛頂。不應非處誦持。應於有舍
<0;0;#;#;007/7/c! 利處誦持。賢聖諸尊所攝受處。何以故此威德光聚佛頂。等同
輪王威德故。若不爾者。即被傷損。即聖眾不降臨。諸魔得便。
asitanalqrka-prabha-sphuTa-vika-sitqtapatre-jvalj 當知于清淨處及有舍利處。聖人得道處。先以三昧耶加持。複
以輪王三昧耶佛眼加持。若異此者即被傷損。雖久修行亦不成
vala-dhakadhaka-vidhakavidhaka-daradara-vid
就。此光聚大真言王。于修餘真言者。不得輒誦。何以故彼真
56 57
言主威德損故。當知於閒靜處。或于河側或于池邊。或于海岸跛娑麽（二合引）"毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）室囉（二
或於山間。或于窟或于聖人作制底處。其修行者獲大威德。具合）麽（鼻音）妳毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）底（丁逸反）
力具大精進。具念具慧等同餘部得悉地者。威光威德猶如輪王
哩體（二合）計毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）嗢荅麽（二合）
真言成就。秘密主此明王。能生不思議威德。秘密主此是如來
袮（去）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）尾你也（二合引）囉（引）
威。如來光。如來加持。一切諸佛之光明威德。光明體。光明
性。與一切有情威德。能生威光性。金剛手能斷一切真言。能薺（引）左哩曳（二合）毗藥（二合）発吒惹野迦囉麽度迦
調難調者。能壞他真言威。此是大威德大神通。能成辦一切事。」囉薩嚩（二合）喇他（二合）娑（引）馱計（引）毗藥（二合）
○以下馱羅尼正文。○五种不翻者。所謂：一、秘密故不翻。発吒薩嚩（二合）尾你也（二合引）左哩曳（二合）毗藥
陀羅尼是。二、多含故不翻。如“薄伽梵”含六義故。三、此（二合）発吒拶咄薄（引）儗!（二合引）毗藥（二合）発吒
無故不翻。如閻浮樹。四、順古故不翻。如“阿耨菩提”。實嚩日囉（二合）矯麽哩矩嫩馱哩摩賀尾你也（二合引）囉（引）
可翻之。但摩騰已來存梵音故。五、生善故不翻。如“般若”
薺（自曳反）毗藥（二合）発吒摩訶（引）缽囉（二合）底孕（二
尊重。智慧輕淺。令人生敬。是故不翻。
合）儗（研以反）"毗藥（二合）発吒嚩日囉（二合）餉迦攞
※係（引）係（引）発（去）発吒阿（上）謨（引）伽（去）発（引）野発吒摩訶（引）缽囉（二合）底孕（二合）儗你（二合）
吒阿缽囉（二合）底賀多発吒嚩囉缽囉（二合）娜発吒阿蘇囉（引）惹（引）野発吒摩賀（引）迦（引）攞（引）野摩賀（引）
（上）囉尾捺囉（二合）跛迦発吒薩嚩（二合）袮（去）吠（引）麽底哩（二合）誐拏（鼻音）曩莫塞訖唎(三合) 跢（引）野発
毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）曩（引）霓（去）毗藥（二合）吒吠（微閉反）瑟弩（尼古反二合）尾（引）曳（引）発吒沒囉
発吒薩嚩（二合）藥乞曬（二合）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二（二合）撼麽（二合）抳曳発吒阿（上）屹!（去）曳発吒摩
合）囉（引）乞刹（二合）細毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）蘗賀（引）迦（引）理（引）曳発吒迦（引）攞（引）難（去）膩
嚕妳（引）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）獻（引）達吠（引）（引）曳（引）発吒印涅哩（二合）曳発吒嘮（引）捺哩（二
毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）阿（上）蘇"毗藥（二合）発合）曳発吒佐（引）捫膩（引）曳発吒迦攞囉（引）底哩（二
吒薩嚩（二合）緊娜"毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）麽護合引）曳発吒迦播（引）理曳発吒阿（上）地穆訖得（二合）
囉藝（引）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）麽弩曬毗藥（二合）迦濕麽（二合）舍曩嚩（引）枲!曳発吒
発吒薩嚩（二合）阿（去）麽弩曬毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二
合）步（引）帝毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）比舍（引）際（引） ''7/
毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）禁畔妳（引）毗藥（二合）発 Hehe-phaT
吒薩嚩（二合）布（引）多寧（引）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二
合）羯吒布（引）多寧（去）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）
訥（轉舌）稜（上）祗（去）帝毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）
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弩澁畢"（三合）乞史（二合）帝毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二 amOgha-phaT
合）入嚩（二合）"（引）毗藥（二合）発吒薩嚩（二合）阿（上）
58 59
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apratihata-phaT sarva-gandharvEbhyaH-phaT
><;37/ B_H%'7 7/
varaprada-phaT sarva-asurEbhyaH-phaT
H%<#.6 !7/ B_#;'7 7/

asuravidrapaka-phaT sarva-kindarEbhyaH-phaT
B_'' 7 7/ B_:)<'7 7/
sarva-devEbhyaH-phaT sarva-mahoragEbhyaH-phaT
B_!'7 7/ B _ :%' 7 7/
sarva-nqgEbhyaH-phaT sarva-manuSEbhyaH-phaT
B_; _7 7/ B _ H:%' 7 7/
sarva-yakSEbhyaH-phaT sarva-amanuSEbhyaH-phaT
B_<E'7 7/ B _ &' 7 7/
sarva-rqkSasEbhyaH-phaT sarva-bhztEbhyaH-phaT
B_$%' 7 7/ B _ #!' 77/

sarva-garuDEbhyaH-phaT sarva-piXqcEbhyaH-phaT
60 61
B _ %A 6 77/ B _#B'77/
sarva-kudbhaYDEbhyaH-phaT sarva-tirthikEbhyaH-phaT
B _ &1 ' 77/ B _LF'77/

sarva-pztanEbhyaH-phaT sarva-utmadEbhyaH-phaT
B _!, &1 ' 77/ B _#;4'77/

sarva-kaTapztanEbhyaH-phaT sarva-vidyqdharebhyaH-phaT
B _%^#' 77/ ) ;!<:%!<Bp A!4'77/

sarva-durlaghitEbhyaH-phaT jayakara-madhukara-sarvqrtha-sqdhakEbhyaH-ph
aT
B _%R [' 77/
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sarva-vidyq-acaryEbhyaH-phaT
B _@'77/
sarva-jvarEbhyaH-phaT '%T#$77/
caturbhaginFbhyaH-phaT
B _H6m'77/
sarva-apasmqrEbhyaH-phaT >6*!#%=B$:!#;!(67/
vajrakaomqrikulandharF-mahqvidyqrqjebhyo-
B _1 :' 77/ phaT
sarva-XramaYEbhyaH-phaT
:!;H?$'77/
mahq-pradyamVgirebhyaH-phaT
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vajraXaVkqlaya-phaT Indriye-phaT
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mahq-pradyamgnirqjqya-phaT raodriye-phaT
:!!=;:!:e$05, 7!;7/ !%4'7/

mahqkqlaya-mahqmatQigaYa-namaHskQitqya-phaT cqmuYDFye-phaT
#F$'7/ !=!Q'7/
viSYuvFyE-phaT kalarqtrFye-phaT
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brahmaYiye-phaT kapqliye-phaT
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agniye-phaT adhimuktaka-XmaXqna-vqsiniye-phaT
:!!$'7/
●釋威光赫赫破壞。不空破壞。無障礙破壞。與願破壞。阿
修羅眾破壞。一切天眾破壞。一切龍眾破壞。一切勇健鬼眾
破壞。一切暴惡可畏鬼眾破壞。一切金翅鳥眾破壞。一切尋
mahqkqlFye-phaT 香眾破壞。一切非天眾眾破壞。一切人非人眾破壞。一切大
!!3 4'7/
莽神眾破壞。一切人眾破壞。一切非人眾破壞。一切惡鬼眾
破壞。一切癲狂鬼眾破壞。一切冬瓜鬼眾破壞。一切奇臭鬼
眾破壞。一切特奇臭鬼眾破壞。一切難過鬼眾破壞。一切難
kqlqdaYDFye-phaT 撥遣鬼眾破壞。一切瘟疫鬼眾破壞。一切健忘鬼眾破壞。一
切牛宿鬼眾破壞。一切外道眾破壞。一切瘋狂鬼眾破壞。一
切持明眾破壞。諸作能勝諸作驕慢行一切義利眾破壞。一切
64 65
明呪博士破壞。四姊妹天神破壞。金剛童女持種族大明王破瓜鬼眾義。○布多寧毗藥者臭身鬼眾義。此布怛那(Pūtana)
壞。大威嚴堪能調伏眾破壞。大威嚴堪能調伏勝者眾破壞。也。饿鬼之中之最勝者。亦名奇臭鬼。玄應音義二十一曰：
大黑天神及彼樂居塚母天眾禮敬破壞。毗紐天破壞。梵天破「布怛那。（中略）此義云臭。是餓鬼中勝者也。」慧琳音義
壞。火天破壞。大黑天破壞。持黑杖鬼帥破壞。帝釋天主破十二曰：「雖身形臭穢。是餓鬼中福之最勝者。」○羯吒布多
壞。現嗔怒相神破壞。怒神破壞。黑夜神破壞。勝樂骷髏神寧毗藥者身特奇臭鬼眾義。謂較上布怛那更臭者。○訥稜祗
破壞。樂居屍陀林諸本母眾破壞。帝毗藥者難過鬼眾義。○弩澁畢"乞史帝毗藥者惡兆鬼眾
○発吒者破壞義。忿怒執金剛明王怖魔笑聲之一種。発者一義。亦謂難撥遣鬼眾義。○入嚩"者瘟疫鬼眾義。亦傳染病
切法如聚沫不可得義。吒者。半聲字也。一切法慢不可得義。鬼眾義。○阿跛娑麽"毗藥者健忘鬼眾義。○室囉麽妳者牛
○係者召請義。亦邀請義。亦歡喜義。係呬者威光赫赫義。宿鬼神眾義。二十八宿之一。○底哩體計毗藥者外道眾義。
亦日光義。亦燃燒義。○阿謨伽者不空義。亦有意義義。亦亦具外道義。亦外道師義。○嗢荅麽袮毗藥者瘋狂鬼眾義。
益義。謂有利也。○阿缽囉底賀多者無障礙義。缽囉底賀多 ○尾你也囉薺左哩曳毗藥者明王博士眾義。○惹野迦囉麽度
者仇恨義。亦憤怒義。○嚩囉缽囉娜者與願義。嚩囉者最上迦囉薩嚩喇他娑馱計毗藥者諸作能勝諸作驕慢行一切義利眾
義。亦最好義。亦頂義。亦殊勝義。缽囉娜者恭敬義。亦供義。○尾你也左哩曳毗藥者明呪博士眾義。○拶咄薄儗!毗
養義。亦祀奉義。亦承事義。○阿蘇囉（Asura）者非天義。藥者四姊妹天神眾義。○嚩日囉矯麽哩矩嫩馱哩摩賀尾你也
亦無酒天義。此果報雖類天而非天攝。故云非天。有其容貌囉薺毗藥者金剛童女持種族大明王眾義。○摩訶缽囉底孕儗
醜惡。故云無端正。彼之果報。有美女而無酒。故稱無酒天。 "毗藥者大威嚴堪能調伏眾義。○摩訶缽囉底孕儗你囉惹野
此非天嗔心極重。常與帝釋鬥戰也。○妳嚩者天義。曀毗藥者勝者大威嚴堪能調伏勝者眾義。○摩賀迦攞野摩賀麽底哩
者眾義。前嚩字與後曀字相合轉吠聲。梵語定例也。下同。誐拏曩莫塞訖唎跢野者歸命敬禮大黑天神及彼樂居塚母天眾
○曩霓毗藥者龍眾義。○藥乞曬毗藥者勇健鬼義。○囉乞刹義。○吠瑟弩尾曳者毗紐天也。那羅延天之別名。○沒囉撼
細毗藥者暴惡可畏鬼眾義。○蘗嚕妳毗藥者金翅鳥眾義。釋麽抳曳者梵天義。○阿屹!曳者火天神義。○摩賀迦理曳者
詳上篇。○獻達吠毗藥者乾達婆也。譯作尋香。亦謂香陰。大黑天神義。○迦攞難膩曳者持黑杖鬼帥義。○印涅哩曳者
陰者五陰之色身也。彼五陰唯嗅香臭而長養。故名香陰。帝此云具自在義。亦曰頂月。大自在天神也。○嘮捺哩曳者現
釋天前奏俗樂之天神也。○阿蘇"毗藥者非天眾義。○緊娜嗔怒相神義。○佐捫膩曳者怒神義。○迦攞囉底哩曳者黑夜
"毗藥者。非人眾義。緊那羅也。亦歌神義。似人而頭上有神義。迦攞者黑也。囉底哩者夜間晚間義。○迦播理曳者勝
角。故名人非人。為帝釋前奏法樂之神也。○麽護囉藝毗藥樂骷髏神義。○阿地穆訖得迦濕麽舍曩嚩枲!曳者樂居屍陀
者大莽神眾義。摩睺羅迦也。亦具大腹行及地龍諸名。謂上林諸本
身如人下身如莽之天鬼神。○麽弩曬毗藥者意生鬼神眾義。母眾義。
亦人眾義。○阿麽弩曬毗藥者非意生鬼神眾義。亦非人眾義。
○步帝毗藥者惡鬼眾義。○比舍際毗藥者癲狂鬼眾義。毗舍 ※曳計（引）質多薩怛嚩（二合）麽麽（至此稱名弟子某
遮（Piśācā）也。玄應音義二十一曰：
「鬼名也。餓鬼中勝者甲等受持）訥瑟吒（二合）質多播（引）跛質多嘮捺囉質
也。亦言癲狂鬼也。」慧苑音義下曰：「毗舍闍之王。即是東
多（引）尾你吠（二合）灑質多阿（上）每怛囉（二合）
方提頭賴吒。此云持國。謂護持國土。領二鬼眾。一名毗舍
闍。此云噉精鬼。二名乾達婆。此云尋香也。」○禁畔妳者冬質跢嗢荅播（二合引）娜演底枳（引）攞演底謨賀演底滿怛
66 67
囉（二合）演底惹半底吁賀底（重）義。亦忘念者義。謂記憶力衰退記憶模糊也。○滿怛囉者幻輪
義。謂能變化各種形相。亦咒義。謂密咒及總持咒等。○惹半
''#:B_:: 底者能活義。詞藻也。謂火。火神。醫生。月亮。木曜諸能活
者眾生者。○吁賀底（jahāti）者抛棄義。亦捨棄義。亦丟棄
yekecitta-satva-mama 義。亦抛掉義。
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utpqdayanti-kFlayanti-viddhaiSayanti-mohayanti
-mantrayanti-japanti-juhvanti
●釋任彼等於我起嫌惡心者。於我起罪惡心者。於我起怨恨
@!< $C!< %S!< 7!!< Bh
心者。於我起嗔恚心者。於我起不仁慈心者。悉數斷除。釘
橛斷除。愚痴斷除。幻輪斷除。能活斷除。悉數丟棄。 !<
○曳計質多者。任彼等是谁义。曳計者生起義。亦發起義。質 zjahqra-garbhqhqra-rudhirqhqra-vasqhqra-majjqh
多者心義。亦心意義。亦心神義。亦意識義。薩怛嚩者有情義。 qra-jqtqhqra-jEvitqhqra-malyqhqra-valyqhqra-gan
謂一切諸含識也。麽麽者於我義。○訥瑟吒者嗔恨義。亦嫌惡
義。亦兇惡義。亦有害有毒義。○播跛者罪惡義。亦罪業義。
dhqhqra-puSpqhqra-phalqhqra-sasyqhqra
●釋食精氣鬼。食胎鬼。食脂肪鬼。食髓鬼。食初生鬼。食
○嘮捺囉者怨恨義。亦憎恨義。亦仇恨義。○尾你吠灑者嗔恚
生命鬼。食精力鬼。食華華鬘鬼。食香鬼。食華及婦女月經
心。○阿每怛囉者不具親心義。亦無慈悲義。亦無仁慈義。仁
鬼。食果實鬼。食種子鬼。
慈者願人安樂之心也。○嗢荅播娜者多數義。亦大部分義。○
○嗢惹（二合）賀囉者食精氣鬼義。嗢惹（二合）者力量義。
演底（yamti）滅義。亦斷除義。亦拔去義。○枳攞者杵義。謂
亦氣力義。亦精氣義。亦精液義。亦勢力義。阿（引）賀（引）
木釘木橛等。亦釘子義。亦用竹尖插於屋頂上防盜之物。○謨
囉者食義。亦收集聚集匯集義。亦食物食品義。○沫惹者髓義。
賀者痴義。亦愚痴愚蠢義。亦頭腦不清義。亦蒙昧義。亦污穢
68 69
亦骨髓義。○沫理也者華鬘義。亦五穀種子義。○麽理也者力 garuDagrahq-gandharvagrahq-asuragrahq
量義。亦力氣義。亦氣力義。亦精力義。○彥馱者香義。亦香
馥義。香芳義。亦燒香時之祭物義。如柏樹枝。酥油拌的炒麵
等是。○補瑟播者華義。亦婦女之月經義。亦水生者義。○頗
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攞者果實義。○薩寫者種子義。 kindaragrahq-mahoragagrahq-pretagrahq
※訥瑟吒（二合）質多播（引）跛質多嘮捺囉質多（引）袮
（去）嚩屹囉（二合）賀（引）曩（引）誐屹囉（二合）賀（引）
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●釋於我起嫌惡心罪惡心怨恨心者。天障鬼。龍障鬼。藥叉
障鬼。羅刹障鬼。勇健障鬼。金翅鳥障鬼。常苦飢餓障鬼。
devagrahq-nqgagrahq-yakSagrahq-rqkSasagrahq
惡障鬼。廁障鬼。守宮婦女障鬼。奇臭障鬼。特奇臭障鬼。
$%.0! $B_0! H%<0! 六面童子障鬼。令癲狂障鬼。影障鬼。令健忘障鬼。狐魅障

鬼。陰謀障鬼。如馬形障鬼。凶兆障鬼。如貓形障鬼。如蛇
70 71
形障鬼。如雞形障鬼。 nityajvara-viSamajvara-vqtika-paitika
○爍矩!者童子經謂如馬形障鬼也。○滿怛囉難你迦者童子經
謂如貓形障鬼也。能令人病喜啼喜笑。○覽尾迦者童子經謂如
蛇形障鬼也。○賀弩迦吒播抳者如雞形障鬼也。能令人病咽喉
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四日一虐病。常疫病。不盡疫病。風病。黃病。痰癊病。痢
疾病。一切瘟疫病。頭痛病。半頭痛病。不思飲食病。眼痛。
耳痛。口痛。總痛。如是等病依次包容。耳病。牙病。心病。
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腕病。手病。腳病。身一切肢節病等。
○入嚩囉者瘟疫義。傳染病也。○翳迦呬迦者一日一虐病義。
○你吠底野迦者二日一虐病義。○怛賴底野迦者三日一虐病義。
○拶咄他迦者四日一虐病義。○你底野入嚩囉者常疫病義。謂 kicibha-lotqvai-sarpa-lohqliga
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經常流行之瘟疫也。○尾灑麽入嚩囉者不盡疫病義。謂惡性傳
染病也。○嚩底迦者風病義。謂依風而起之病也。○背底迦者
黃病義。謂依膽而起之病也。○始"澁弭迦者痰癊病義。謂肺
病也。○散!跛底迦者痢疾義。○薩嚩入嚩囉者一切瘟疫病義。 XoSa-trasa-gara-viSayoga
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○始嚕哩底者頭痛義。亦詞藻持頭義。如喉。脖頸等是。○阿
囉馱嚩陛娜迦者半頭痛病義。○阿嚧左迦者不思飲食病義。亦
胃口不開義。○惡乞史者眼睛義。○戍藍者病痛義。○嚧儼者
病痛義。亦疾病義。亦害病義。下同。○曩娑者鼻義。○儼穆 agni-udaka-paravFrakqntqra-akqlammQityu
者口義。亦嘴義。亦臉義。○紇哩訥嚕儼者總痛病義。○誐攞
者依次義。已漸次義。○誐囉憾者包容廣大義。○羯喇拏者耳
朵義。○難多者牙齒義。○紇哩娜野者心義。亦意義。○沫麽
U%! U=,! .A! BK 5%=
者骨節義。○播囉濕嚩者脇義。○缽哩瑟吒戍者背義。○鄔娜
traimuka-trailaTaka-bQiXcika-sarpa-nakula
囉者腹義。○建玖者腰義。○嚩悉底者裸骨義。○塢嚕者大腿
義。○嬢伽者手腕義。○賀娑多者手義。亦肘義。○播娜者腳
義。○薩罔誐缽囉底孕誐者一切肢節義。
-C 0/ #E1<] 2$b6<$>
simha-vyqghra-rikSatarakSu-mQiga-svaparajiva
※部（引）多吠（引）跢（引）拏拏（引）迦拏（引）枳!（引） ●釋又復惡詐屍鬼。狐魅鬼。瘟疫。疥癢瘡。痘瘡。癞瘡。
入嚩（二合）羅捺訥嚕（二合）建（引）拏（尼固反）枳玖（上）浸淫瘡。潰庖。恐怖梅毒。和合毒。火難。水。斗诤结怨损
婆路（引）多吠（引）薩（轉舌）跛盧賀（引）陵（上）誐戍（引）害。非時橫死難。怛賴穆迦毒蟲。怛賴攞吒迦毒蟲。蝎子。
灑怛囉（二合）娑誐囉尾灑庾（引）誐阿（上）儗你（二合）蛇。黃鼠狼。獅子。熊罷。馬熊。所有取他性命诸兽畜等。
塢娜迦跛囉吠（引）囉建跢（引）囉阿迦（引）藍沒哩（二 ○部多者惡鬼義。吠跢拏者起屍鬼義。亦屍起詐屍義。謂死屍
驚起也。○入嚩羅者瘟疫病義。○捺訥嚕建拏者疥癢瘡義。疥
合）底庾怛賴（二合引）穆迦怛賴（二合引）攞吒迦勿哩（二
者。如狗癩等是。癢瘡者廯疥等癢不能止者。亦謂搔癢病也。
合）室止（二合）迦薩（轉舌）跛曩矩攞僧（星孕反）伽尾野（二
○枳玖婆者痘瘡義。如天花等是。○路多吠者丁瘡義。○薩跛
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者浸淫瘡義。亦蛇瘡義。○盧賀陵誐者潰庖病義。亦大瘡庖病拏枲（引）（星翼反）麽滿鄧迦嚧（上引）弭
義。庖者皮膚病也。亦謂黃水瘡。○戍灑者膿腫膿庖義。○怛
囉娑者恐懼義。亦恐怖義。亦畏懼義。○誐囉者梅毒義。謂傳
染病之一種也。○尾灑庾誐者和合毒義（即混合毒物）。尾釤者
!>N3@)!52.'. $:8B!)#
毒義。庾誐者相合義。亦相交義。亦和合義。亦結合義。亦聯 yqva-dvqdaXa-yOjana-byantareDasFma-bandhaka
係義。亦彼此相接有聯係義。亦物質義。亦實質義。亦方便方 rOmi
法義。○阿儗你者火難義。○塢娜迦者水難義。○跛囉者彼義。 ※你（泥以反）捨滿鄧迦嚧（上引）弭
他義。外部義。亦貪戀貪愛義。○吠囉者。怨恨義。亦憎恨義。
亦鬥諍義。亦仇恨義。亦結怨義。○建跢囉者。損害義。亦迫
害義。○阿迦藍沒哩底庾者非時橫死難義。○怛賴穆迦及怛賴
攞吒迦者均毒蟲也。未審其維何。達者續補之。○勿哩室止迦 #@8B!)#
者蝎子義。○薩跛者蛇義。○曩矩攞者鼬義。謂黃鼠狼也。○ diXa-bandha-karOmi
僧伽者獅子義。○尾野竭囉者老虎義。謂嗅味也。虎之異名。 ※播囉尾你也（二合引）滿鄧迦嚧（上引）弭
○哩乞灑者熊罷義。○多囉乞丘者罷義。謂馬熊也。○沒哩誐
者獸義。亦野獸義。亦牲畜義。○娑嚩者所有義。亦善趣義。
○跛囉者他義。亦貪愛貪戀義。○尒嚩者命義。亦生命義。亦 6<#;8B!)#
壽命義。 paravidyq-bandha-karOmi
※帝（引）乳（引）滿鄧迦嚧（上引）弭
※帝釤（引）薩吠（引）釤悉跢（引）多跛怛覽（二合）摩訶
（引）嚩日嚧（二合引）瑟抳（二合引）釤摩訶（引）缽囉（二
合）底孕（二合）儗藍
'*8B!)#
tEjO-bandha-karOmi
'-Bo-#!16X:!><E+:!; ※賀娑多（二合）滿鄧迦嚧（上引）弭
H?$+ C88B!)#
hasta-bandha-karOmi
teSqm-sarvesqm-sitqtapatram-mahqvajrOSYFSam-
※播（引）娜滿鄧迦嚧（上引）弭
mahqpradyamVgiram
●釋如是一切。白傘蓋大金剛頂髻威嚴堪能調伏。(悉令如
是等一切諸障難廻遮禁断摧伏。) !3 8B!)#
pqda-bandha-karOmi
※夜（引）嚩納嚩（二合引）娜捨庾（引）惹曩辨（去）怛"
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※薩罔（無肯反）誐缽囉（二合）底孕（二合）誐滿鄧迦嚧（上 tadyathq-om-analeanale-viXadeviXade-vFravajra
引）弭 dhqre-bandha-bandhani-vajrapqYi-phaT-hzm-trz
B_#;H?#8B!)# m-phaT -svqhq

●以上大佛頂白傘蓋首楞嚴王正秘密真言總持也。
○謂金剛界頂輪王曼茶會中大白傘蓋佛頂尊秘密真言也。依唐
sarvadgapradyamdga-bandha-karOmi 玄奘法師所制“五不翻”原則。今故不翻也。達者諒之識之。
●釋乃至十二由旬内我今悉令作禁縛結界。十方(四维上下) ○一字佛頂輪王經曰：
「爾時世尊複於座上。現一切諸佛光明加
令作禁縛。於他明咒令作禁縛。令作威光禁縛。令於手肘作被白傘蓋頂輪王咒王之身。即於頂上合現一蓋。遍覆三千大千
禁縛。令於足作禁縛。令於一切肢節作禁縛。世界虛空空際。光皎奇特。亦不觸惱空居有情。是時觀世音菩
○夜嚩者如是義。○納嚩娜捨者十二也。○庾惹曩者由旬義。薩金剛密跡主菩薩。合掌瞻敬白言世尊。如是神變是何物相。
亦謂瑜繕那。古印度之里程名。約等現今八里。○辨怛"拏者欻遍大千狀如傘蓋。住佛頂上不見邊際無不識解。爾時世尊又
内義。○枲麽者界限義。亦分際義。亦界分義。○滿鄧者已捆誥金剛密跡主菩薩等言。我今正入一切如來無量光明白傘蓋頂
縛義。亦已禁縛義。亦已捆綁義。○迦嚧弭者囑托命令義。亦輪王三摩地。由是現此過現一切諸如來共說白傘蓋頂輪咒王咒
命令作事義。○你捨者方向義。亦方面義。（注娜捨者十義。狀之體。此白傘蓋是真一切如來無量色寶無邊音聲。一切如意
此處疑應為娜捨你捨。列之如上。達識者檢教之。）○播囉尾你寶鐸網羅普周莊嚴。顯現不思議諸佛世尊光明傘蓋。我今現此
也者他明咒也。謂他人所作之咒印威力。○帝乳者威嚴義。亦一切如來白傘蓋頂輪王。為令蠲除一切有情種種罪障。今此一
威光義。亦光榮義。亦火焰燃燒義。○賀娑多者手義。亦肘義。切諸佛如來白傘蓋頂輪王。一切菩薩大威德者。盡思共度亦不
○播娜者足義。亦山底山腳義。○薩罔誐缽囉底孕誐者一切肢了知。縱諸佛子住過百千俱胝大劫。觀察思惟此白傘蓋前際後
節義。際中際。亦不了知。……說是咒時三千大千世界六返震動。于
時世尊告諸菩薩摩訶薩。此白傘蓋頂輪咒王。能成能攝一切咒
※怛你也（二合）他（去引）唵（引）阿（上）曩黎阿（上）曩等。是咒王力不空無障勇猛無礙無等等故。
黎尾捨袮（引）尾捨袮（引）吠囉嚩日囉（二合）馱"
滿馱滿馱!嚩日囉（二合）播（引）抳発吒（半音）吽（引） ※曩莫娑怛（二合）他（引）蘗多（引）野蘇蘗多夜（引）囉
豽嚕唵（三合引）発吒（半音）娑囉（二合）賀曷（二合）帝三（去）藐三沒馱（引）野悉殿（二合）覩滿怛
1:!FaFH5'H5'F#@'#@'
囉（二合）跛娜娑嚩（二合引）賀（引）
5,8!$!;%$1!i'B3c%O;
F'<>6!'F8B8B#F>6!#7/F
#V28M6!c!_
0rF7/Fc!G namaH-stathqgatqya-sugatayq-arhate-samyaksa
mbuddhqya-siddhyantu-bantra-padqya-svqhq
78 79
●釋歸命一切如來。善逝。應供。正徧知。成就諸真言明句。多闻第一。以此积劫多闻熏习。不能免离摩登伽难。何
演進不息。
因待我佛顶神咒。摩登伽心淫火顿歇得阿那含。于我法
○蘇蘗多者善逝義。如來德號之一。○悉殿覩者成就義。圓滿
悉地義。○滿怛囉者真言明義。○跛娜者語言義。亦言辭義。中成精进林。爱河干枯令汝解脱。是故阿难汝虽历劫。
忆持如来秘密妙严。不如一日修无漏业。远离世间憎爱
二苦。如摩登伽宿为淫女。由神咒力锁其爱欲。法中今
名性比丘尼。”
——“若有宿习不能灭除。汝教是人一心诵我佛顶光明
摩诃萨怛多般怛啰无上神咒。斯是如来无见顶相无为心
佛从顶发辉坐宝莲华所说心咒且汝宿世与摩登伽。历劫
因缘恩爱习气。非是一生及与一劫。我一宣扬爱心永脱
成阿罗汉。彼尚淫女无心修行。神力冥资速证无学。云
何汝等在会声闻。求最上乘决定成佛。譬如以尘扬于顺
风有何艰险。
大佛顶如来密因修证了义诸菩萨万行首楞严经 ——阿难顶礼佛足而白佛言。自我出家恃佛憍爱。求多
（节录）闻故未证无为。遭彼梵天邪术所禁。心虽明了力不自由。
赖遇文殊令我解脱。虽蒙如来佛顶神咒。冥获其力尚未
——“尔时阿难因乞食次经历淫室。遭大幻术摩登伽女。亲闻。唯愿大慈重为宣说。悲救此会诸修行辈。末及当
以娑毗迦罗先梵天咒摄入淫席。淫躬抚摩将毁戒体。如来在轮回者。承佛密音身意解脱。于时会中一切大众普
来知彼淫术所加。斋毕旋归。王及大臣长者居士。俱来皆作礼。伫闻如来秘密章句。
随佛愿闻法要。于时世尊顶放百宝无畏光明。光中出生尔时世尊从肉髻中涌百宝光。光中涌出千叶宝莲。
千叶宝莲。有佛化身结跏趺坐。宣说神咒。敕文殊师利有化如来坐宝华中。顶放十道百宝光明。一一光明皆遍
将咒往护。恶咒销灭。” 示现十恒河沙金刚密迹。擎山持杵遍虚空界。大众仰观
畏爱兼抱。求佛恃怙一心。听佛无见顶相放光如来宣说
——“（阿难）汝虽谈说因缘自然决定明了。人间称汝神咒。大佛顶如来放光悉怛多钵怛啰菩萨万行品灌顶部
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录出一名中印度那兰陀曼茶罗灌顶金刚大道场神咒（咒能害。
略）” 阿难我今为汝更说此咒。救护世间得大无畏。成就
众生出世间智。若我灭后末世众生。有能自诵若教他诵。
——“阿难是佛顶光聚悉怛多般怛罗秘密伽陀微妙章当知如是诵持众生。火不能烧水不能溺。大毒小毒所不
句。出生十方一切诸佛。十方如来因此咒心。得成无上能害。如是乃至龙天鬼神。精只魔魅所有恶咒。皆不能
正遍知觉。十方如来执此咒心。降伏诸魔制诸外道。十着心得正受。一切咒咀魇蛊毒药。金毒银毒草木虫蛇万
方如来乘此咒心。坐宝莲华应微尘国。十方如来含此咒物毒气。入此人口成甘露味。一切恶星并诸鬼神碜毒心
心。于微尘国转大法轮。十方如来持此咒心。能于十方人。于如是人不能起恶。毗那夜迦诸恶鬼王并其眷属。
摩顶授记。自果未成亦于十方蒙佛授记。十方如来依此皆领深恩常加守护。阿难当知。是咒常有八万四千那由
咒心。能于十方拔济群苦。所谓地狱饿鬼畜生盲聋喑哑。他恒河沙俱胝金刚藏王菩萨种族。一一皆有诸金刚众而
怨憎会苦爱别离苦。求不得苦五阴炽盛。大小诸横同时为眷属。设有众生于散乱心。非三摩地心忆口持。是金
解脱。贼难兵难王难狱难。风水火难饥渴贫穷应念销散。刚王常随从彼诸善男子。何况决定菩提心者。此诸金刚
十方如来随此咒心。能于十方事善知识。四威仪中供养菩萨藏王。精心阴速发彼神识。是人应时心能记忆八万
如意。恒沙如来会中推为大法王子。十方如来行此咒心。四千恒河沙劫。周遍了知得无疑惑。从第一劫乃至后身
能于十方摄受亲因。令诸小乘闻秘密藏不生惊怖。十方生生不生。药叉罗刹及富单那。迦吒富单那鸠槃茶。毗
如来诵此咒心。成无上觉坐菩提树入大涅槃。十方如来舍遮等并诸饿鬼。有形无形有想无想。如是恶处是善男
传此咒心。于灭度后付佛法事究竟住持。严净戒律悉得子。若读若诵若书若写。若带若藏诸色供养。劫劫不生
清净。若我说是佛顶光聚般怛罗咒。从旦至暮音声相连。贫穷下贱不可乐处。此诸众生纵其自身不作福业。十方
字句中间亦不重叠。经恒沙劫终不能尽。亦说此咒名如如来所有功德悉与此人。由是得于恒河沙阿僧祇不可说
来顶。汝等有学未尽轮回。发心至诚趣向阿耨多罗三藐不可说劫。常与诸佛同生一处。无量功德如恶叉聚。同
三菩提。不持此咒而坐道场。令其身心远诸魔事无有是处熏修永无分散。是故能令破戒之人戒根清净。未得戒
处。者令其得戒。未精进者令得精进。无智慧者令得智慧。
阿难若诸世界随所国土。所有众生随国所生。桦皮不清净者速得清净。不持斋戒自成斋戒。阿难是善男子
贝叶纸素白叠。书写此咒贮于香囊。是人心惛未能诵忆。持此咒时。设犯禁戒于未受时。持咒之后众破戒罪。无
或带身上或书宅中。当知是人尽其生年。一切诸毒所不问轻重一时销灭。纵经饮酒食啖五辛种种不净。一切诸
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佛菩萨金刚。天仙鬼神不将为过。设着不净破弊衣服。于未来世保护初学。诸修行者入三摩提。身心泰然得大
一行一住悉同清净。纵不作坛不入道场。亦不行道诵持安隐。更无一切诸魔鬼神。及无始来冤横宿殃。旧业陈
此咒。还同入坛行道功德若造五逆无间重罪。及诸比丘债来相恼害。汝及众中诸有学人。及未来世诸修行者。
比丘尼四弃八弃。诵此咒已如是重业。犹如猛风吹散沙依我坛场如法持戒。所受戒主逢清净僧。持此咒心不生
聚。悉皆灭除更无毫发。疑悔。是善男子于此父母所生之身。不得心通。十方如
阿难若有众生。从无量无数劫来。所有一切轻重罪来便为妄语。说是语已会中无量百千金刚一时佛前合掌
障。从前世来未及忏悔。若能读诵书写此咒身上带持。顶礼而白佛言。如佛所说我当诚心。保护如是修菩提者。
若安住处庄宅园馆。如是积业犹汤销雪。不久皆得悟无尔时梵王并天帝释四天大王。亦于佛前同时顶礼而
生忍。白佛言。审有如是修学善人。我当尽心至诚保护。令其
复次阿难若有女人。未生男女欲求生者。若能至心。一生所作如愿。复有无量药叉大将。诸罗刹王富单那王。
忆念斯咒。或能身上带此悉怛多钵怛罗者。便生福德智鸠槃茶王毗舍遮王。频那夜迦诸大鬼王及诸鬼帅。亦于
慧男女。求长命者速得长命。欲求果报速圆满者速得圆佛前合掌顶礼。我亦誓愿护持是人。令菩提心速得圆满。
满。身命色力亦复如是。命终之后随愿往生十方国土。复有无量日月天子。风师雨师云师雷师并电伯等。年岁
必定不生边地下贱。何况杂形。阿难若诸国土州县聚落巡官诸星眷属。亦于会中顶礼佛足而白佛言。我亦保护
饥荒疫疠。或复刀兵贼难斗诤。兼余一切厄难之地。写是修行人。安立道场得无所畏。复有无量山神海神。一
此神咒安城四门。并诸支提或脱阇上。令其国土所有众切土地水陆空行万物精只。并风神王无色界天。于如来
生奉迎斯咒。礼拜恭敬一心供养。令其人民各各身佩。前同时稽首而白佛言。我亦保护是修行人。得成菩提永
或各各安所居宅地。一切灾厄悉皆销灭。无魔事。尔时八万四千那由他恒河沙俱胝金刚藏王菩
阿难在在处处国土众生随有此咒。天龙欢喜风雨顺萨。在大会中即从座起。顶礼佛足而白佛言。世尊如我
时。五谷丰殷兆庶安乐。亦复能镇一切恶星。随方变怪等辈。所修功业久成菩提。不取涅槃常随此咒。救护末
灾障不起人无横夭。杻械枷锁不着其身。昼夜安眠常无世修三摩提正修行者。世尊如是修心求正定人。若在道
恶梦。阿难是娑婆界。有八万四千灾变恶星。二十八大场及余经行。乃至散心游戏聚落。我等徒众常当随从侍
恶星而为上首。复有八大恶星以为其主。作种种形出现卫此人。纵令魔王大自在天。求其方便终不可得。诸小
世时。能生众生种种灾异。有此咒地悉皆销灭。十二由鬼神去此善人十由旬外。除彼发心乐修禅者。世尊如是
旬成结界地。诸恶灾祥永不能入。是故如来宣示此咒。恶魔若魔眷属。欲来侵扰是善人者。我以宝杵殒碎其首
84 85
犹如微尘。恒令此人所作如愿。”
後記
——“佛告阿难诸佛如来语无虚妄。若复有人身具四重
十波罗夷。瞬息即经此方他方。阿鼻地狱乃至穷尽。十先賢嘗謂：“楞嚴存,佛法興！”是篇畧
方无问靡不经历。能以一念将此法门。于末劫中开示未就大佛頂首楞嚴陀羅尼真言句義注釋,期能
学。是人罪障应念销灭。变其所受地狱苦因成安乐国。
抛磚引玉,引起有志實踐此道行者之興趣,則
得福超越前之施人。百倍千倍千万亿倍。如是乃至算数
譬喻所不能及。阿难若有众生。能诵此经能持此咒。如佛日增輝,魔影潛隱,吾道喜不孤也!
我广说穷劫不尽。依我教言如教行道。直成菩提无复魔有唐以來，於大佛頂首楞嚴陀羅尼，古
业。” 德多有校堪注解,版本多矣。本篇所本乃出自
房山藏《釋教最上乘秘密藏陀羅尼集》，為
諸版本中較全備者，別如大正藏中不空三
藏、曇貞所本，則隨文參考增堪之。
文中可堪增補句義處以特別符號標示
之，擇用與否,悉聽尊便,讀者自明。今礙於
電腦技術條件局限,古本經咒文字未能顯示
者，文中暫以現代同形近字代之,正本當尋于
古籍刻本原文為准也。類例如下：
◎：此據別本增補者，存之，識者自擇用之。
智光謹識於佛曆二五五七年
癸巳五月初十
86 87
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we can only mention a few of the families, many of which, indeed,
differ from one another in small characters.
Fam. Lysianassidae.—The first joint of the first antenna is
short, with an accessory flagellum. Mandible with a palp, and with an
almost smooth cutting edge. The third joint of the second gnathopod
is elongated. This family is entirely marine, comprising forty-eight
genera, with species distributed in all seas. One genus,
Pseudalibrotus, inhabits the brackish water of the Caspian Sea.
Lysianassa has several common British and Mediterranean species.
Fam. Haustoriidae.—The members of this family are specially
adapted for burrowing, the joints of the hinder thoracic limbs being
expanded, and furnished with spines for digging. Some of the species
are common on the British coasts, e.g. Haustorius arenarius.
Pontoporeia has an interesting distribution, one species, P.
femorata, being entirely marine, in the Arctic and North Atlantic, P.
affinis inhabiting the Atlantic, and also fresh-water lakes in Europe
and North America, P. microphthalma being confined to the Caspian
Sea, and P. loyi to Lakes Superior and Michigan.
Fam. Gammaridae.—Includes fifty-two genera. The first
antennae are slender, with the accessory flagellum very variable. The
mandibles have a dentate cutting edge, spine-row, and molar
surface, and a three-jointed palp. The first two thoracic limbs are
subchelate. This family includes a few marine, but mostly brackish
and fresh-water species. Crangonyx is entirely subterranean in
habitat, as is Niphargus, N. forelii occurring, however, in the deep
waters of Lake Geneva. Both these genera are blind. Gammarus has
thirty species, G. locusta being the common species on the North
Atlantic coasts, and G. pulex the common fresh-water species of
streams and lakes in Europe. A number of Gammaridae inhabit the
Caspian Sea, e.g. Boeckia, Gmelina, Niphargoides, etc., while the
enormous Gammarid fauna of Lake Baikal, constituting numerous
genera, showing a great variety of structure, some of them being
blind, belong to this family, e.g. Macrohectopus (Constantia),
Acanthogammarus, Heterogammarus, etc.
Fig. 95.—Gammarus locusta, ♂ (above) and ♀ (below), × 4.
Abd.1, First abdominal segment; T, telson; Th, seventh free
thoracic segment (= 8th thoracic segment); U, third uropod.
(After Della Valle.)
Fam. Talitridae.—This family may be distinguished by the

absence of a palp on the mandible, and by one ramus of the uropods
being very small or wanting. The various kinds of “Sand-hoppers”
belong here, familiar creatures on every sandy coast between tide-
marks. The genera Talitrus and Talorchestia always frequent sand,
while Orchestia is generally found under stones and among weed.
Some species of Orchestia, e.g. O. gammarellus, live inland in moist
places at some distance from the sea; one species of Talitrus (T.
sylvaticus) occurs at great elevations in forests in Southern
Australia.
Hyale is a coastal genus, and is also found on floating objects in
the Sargasso Sea. Hyalella is confined to Lake Titicaca and the fresh
waters of South America. Chiltonia from S. Australasia.
Fam. Corophiidae.—The members of this family have a rather
flattened body and small abdomen, and the side-plates on the thorax
are small. The uropods are also small and weak. Some species of the
genus Corophium are characteristic of the Caspian Sea.
Sub-Order 2. Laemodipoda.
Fig. 96.—Caprella grandimana, × 4. a, Abdomen; g, gills; t, 3rd

(first free) thoracic segment; t′, 8th thoracic segment. (After P.
Mayer.)
Fam. 1. Caprellidae[113] are also chiefly littoral forms, swarming

among rocks covered by algae, though they are by no means so easy
to detect as the Gammaridae and Tanaidae which haunt similar
situations. In a basinful of algae or Polyzoa taken from the rocks
fringing the Bay of Naples, the latter are easily collected, the
Tanaidae always crawling out of the weeds in the direction of the
light, while the Gammarids dart about in all directions; but the
Caprellidae, with their branching stick-like forms, harmonise so well
with their surroundings that it requires an experienced eye to detect
them. The body is elongated and thin, resembling that of a stick-
insect. The first two thoracic segments are more or less completely
fused with the head; the second and third thoracic limbs end in
claws; the two following thoracic limbs are normal in the genus
Proto, rudimentary in Protella, and absent in the remaining genera,
though their gills remain as conspicuous flabellate structures. The
three hind legs are normal, and the abdomen is reduced to a tiny
wart at the hind end of the greatly elongated thorax.
P. Mayer has described cases of external hermaphroditism as
being fairly common in certain species, e.g. Caprella acutifrons, and
this is interesting if we take into consideration the frequent partial
hermaphroditism exhibited by the gonad of Orchestia at certain
times of year (see p. 104).
Fam. 2. Cyamidae.—These are closely related to the Caprellidae
in the form of the limbs and the reduced state of the abdomen.
Cyamus ceti, which lives ectoparasitically on the skin of whales, has
the body expanded laterally instead of being elongated, as in the
Caprellids.
Sub-Order 3. Hyperina.
These are an equally distinct

and curious group of Amphipods,
characterised by the large size of
the head and the transparency of
the body. Instead of haunting the
littoral zone they are pelagic in
habit, and many of them live
inside transparent pelagic
Molluscs, Tunicates, or Jellyfish.
A well known form is Phronima
sedentaria, which inhabits the
Fig. 97.—Phronima sedentaria, ♀, in a glassy barrel-like cases of the
Pyrosoma colony, × 1. (After Claus, Tunicate Pyrosoma in the
from Gerstaecker and Ortmann.) Mediterranean. The female is
often taken in the plankton
together with her brood in one of these curious glass houses; the
zooids of the Pyrosoma colony are completely eaten away and the
external surface of the case, instead of being rough with the tentacles
of the zooids, is worn to a smooth, glass-like surface. It has been
observed that the female actively navigates her house upon the
surface of the sea; she clings on with her thoracic legs inside, while
the abdomen is pushed out through an opening of the Pyrosoma
case behind, and by its alternate flexion and extension drives the
boat forwards, the water being thus made to enter at the front
aperture and supply the female and her brood with nourishment.
DIVISION 3. HOPLOCARIDA.
The carapace leaves at least four of the thoracic somites distinct.
The eyes are pedunculate. The mandibles are without a lacinia
mobilis; there are no oostegites, the eggs being carried in a chamber
formed by the maxillipedes. The hepatic caeca are much ramified,
the heart is greatly elongated, stretching through thorax and
abdomen, with a pair of ostia in each segment. The spermatozoa are
spherical, and there is a complicated and peculiar metamorphosis.
Order. Stomatopoda.
Fig. 98.—Lateral view of Squilla sp., × 1. A.1, A.2, 1st and 2nd
antennae; Ab.1, 1st abdominal segment; Ab.6, 6th abdominal
appendage; C, cephalothorax, consisting of the head fused with
the first five thoracic segments; E, eye; M, 2nd maxillipede; T,
telson. (After Gerstaecker and Ortmann.)
The Stomatopoda are rather large animals, occasionally reaching a

foot in length, all of which exhibit a very similar structure; Squilla
mantis and S. desmaresti are found on the south coast of England
not very frequently; but they are very common in the Mediterranean,
living in holes or in the sand within the littoral zone of shallow water.
They differ from all the other Malacostraca by a combination of
characters, and Calman proposes the term Hoplocarida for a
division equivalent to the Peracarida, Eucarida, etc.
The abdomen is very broad and well developed, ending in a widely
expanded telson. There is a carapace which covers the four anterior
thoracic segments, leaving the four posterior segments free. The
portion of the head carrying the stalked eyes constitutes an
apparently separate segment articulated to the head. The antennae,
mandibles, and maxillae are normal; there then follow five pairs of
uniramous thoracic limbs turned forwards as maxillipedes and
ending in claws; the second pair of these is modified into a huge
raptorial arm, exactly resembling that of a Praying Mantis (cf. vol. v.
p. 242), by means of which the Squilla seizes its prey. The last three
thoracic limbs are small and biramous. The pleopods are powerful,
flattened, biramous swimming organs with small hooks or
“retinaculae” upon their endopodites, which link together each
member of a pair in the middle, and with large branching gills upon
the exopodites.
The internal anatomy exhibits several primitive features. The
nervous system is not at all concentrated, there being a separate
ganglion for each segment; and the heart stretches right through
thorax and abdomen, with a pair of ostia in each segment. There are
also ten hepatic diverticula given off segmentally from the intestine.
The female has the curious habit of carrying the developing eggs in
a chamber improvised by the apposition of the maxillipedes, so that
it looks rather as if she were in the act of devouring her own brood.
The metamorphosis of the larvae, despite the work of Claus[114] and
Brooks,[115] is not very accurately known, especially uncertain being
the identification of the different larvae with their adult forms. The
chief interest consists in the fact that certain of the anterior thoracic
limbs develop in their normal order and degenerate, to be reformed
later, just as in the Phyllosoma larva of the Loricata (see pp. 165,
166).
In one series of larvae, probably not of Squilla itself, but of related
genera, the young hatch out as “Erichthoidina” (Fig. 99), with the
thoracic appendages developed as biramous organs as far as the fifth
pair, and with a single abdominal pair of limbs.
The abdominal series of limbs is next completed; the second
thoracic limb assumes its adult raptorial structure, but the
succeeding three limbs become greatly reduced and may entirely
degenerate, leaving the posterior six thoracic segments without
limbs.
Usually the anterior three pairs
are only reduced, and then
redevelop side by side with the
small posterior limbs as they
appear. This larva is then termed
the “Erichthus” (Fig. 100); but
when they completely disappear Fig. 99.—Erichthoidina larva of a
the larva is called a Stomatopod, with five pairs of
“Pseudozoaea,” owing to its maxillipedes, and the first pair of
abdominal appendages, × 10. (From
resemblance to the Zoaea stage of Balfour, after Claus.)
the Decapoda, which is also
characterised by the suppressed
development of the thoracic segments.
Fig. 100.—Older Erichthus larva, with six pairs of abdominal

appendages, × 15. (From Balfour, after Claus.)
The so-called “Alima” larva of Squilla is also a Pseudozoaea, but it

is apparently arrived at directly without the previous formation and
degeneration of the anterior thoracic limbs, the larva hatching out
from the egg in the Pseudozoaeal stage.
Fam. Squillidae.—Of the six known genera none extend into the
cold subarctic seas; the majority are characteristic of the warm or
tropical seas (Gonodactylus), some of the species having very wide
ranges, e.g. G. chiragra, which is completely circumtropical, and
appears to have entered the Mediterranean at some period, though it
is very rare there.
CHAPTER VI
CRUSTACEA (CONTINUED)—
EUMALACOSTRACA (CONTINUED):
EUCARIDA—EUPHAUSIACEA—COMPOUND
EYES—DECAPODA
DIVISION 4. EUCARIDA.
The carapace fuses with all the thoracic segments. The eyes are
pedunculate. The mandible is without a lacinia mobilis. There are no
oostegites, the eggs being attached to the endopodites of the
pleopods. The hepatic caeca are much ramified, the heart is
abbreviated and saccular, the spermatozoa are spherical with
radiating pseudopodia, and development is typically attended by a
complicated larval metamorphosis.
Order I. Euphausiacea.
The Euphausiidae[116] agree

with the Decapoda in passing
through a complicated larval
metamorphosis. The young hatch
out as Nauplii, with uniramous
first antennae and biramous
second antennae and mandibles.
In the next stage, or “Calyptopis”
Fig. 101.—Calyptopis larva of (Fig. 101), which corresponds
Euphausia pellucida, × about 20. A.1, exactly to the Zoaea of the
1st antenna; Ab.6, 6th abdominal Decapoda, two pairs of maxillae
segment; E, eye; M, maxillipede. (After
Sars.) and a pair of biramous
maxillipedes are added; the
hinder thoracic segments are
undifferentiated, but the abdomen is fully segmented, and the
rudiments of the sixth pair of pleopods are already visible.
In the next stage (“Furcilia”) the other abdominal pleopods are
added, the whole series being completed before the thoracic
appendages number more than two or three. This stage corresponds
to the Metazoaea of the Decapoda, and the interference in the orderly
differentiation of the segments with their appendages from before
backwards is a phenomenon which we shall meet again when we
treat of Decapod metamorphosis. It is evidently a secondary
modification, furnishing the larva precociously with its most
important swimming organs so as to enable it to lead a pelagic
existence. The frequent violation of the law of metameric
segmentation, that the most anterior segments being the first formed
should be the first to be fully differentiated, leads us to suppose that
the larval stages of the Eucarida at any rate do not represent
phylogenetic adult stages through which the Malacostraca have
passed. Nor do they, perhaps, even represent primitive larval stages,
but have been secondarily acquired from an embryonic condition
which used to be passed through within the egg-membranes, as in
Nebalia and the Mysidacea, when the order of differentiation of the
segments was normal. The case is a little different with the Nauplius
larva. This larval form, in an identical condition, is found both in the
Entomostraca as a general rule, and again in certain Malacostraca,
viz. the Euphausiidae and the Peneidea. Whatever its phylogenetic
meaning may be, we may be quite certain that the ancestor of the two
great divisions of the Crustacea had a free-swimming Nauplius larva,
and this conclusion is confirmed by the probable presence of a
Nauplius larva in Trilobites.
The Euphausiidae, in contradistinction to the Mysidae, are
frequently met with in the surface-plankton. Euphausia pellucida
(Fig. 102) is of universal distribution, and is frequently taken at the
surface as well as at considerable depths.
Many noteworthy features in Euphausiid organisation are brought
out in Fig. 102. The shrimp-like appearance of the carapace and
antennae indicate the special Decapodan affinities of the family;
noteworthy, also, are the single series of gills and the biramous
thoracic and abdominal limbs, similar to those of the Mysidacea. The
Euphausiidae also possess phosphorescent organs of a highly
developed kind, and these are usually situated, as in the type figured,
upon the outer margins of the stalked eyes, on the bases of the
second and seventh thoracic limbs, and on the ventral median line
on the first four abdominal segments. These organs are lantern-like
structures provided with a lens, a reflector, and a light-producing
tissue, and they are under the control of the nervous system. Their
exact use is not known, any more than is the use of phosphorescence
in the majority of organisms which produce it; but in certain cases it
appears that the Euphausiids make use of their phosphorescent
organs as bull’s eye lanterns for illuminating the dark regions into
which they penetrate or in which some of them permanently dwell.
At any rate, associated with the presence of these organs in some
deep-sea Euphausiids are remarkable modifications of the eyes; and
we may perhaps here fittingly introduce a short discussion of these
visual modifications in deep-sea Crustacea, and the conditions which
call them forth.
Fig. 102.—Euphausia pellucida, female, × 5. G, Last gill; L,

luminous organ of first leg; L′, luminous organ of 2nd abdominal
segment; T, biramous thoracic appendages. (After Sars.)
The compound eyes of Crustacea resemble those of Insects in

that they are composed of a very large number of similar elements or
“ommatidia,” more or less isolated from one another by pigment.
Each ommatidium consists typically of a corneal lens (Fig. 103, c),
secreted by flat corneagen cells (c.g) below; beneath the corneal lens
is a transparent refractive body called the “crystalline cone” (cr),
which is produced by a number of cells surrounding it called the
“vitrellae” (v). Below the crystalline cone comes the “rhabdom” (rh),
produced and nourished by “retinulacells” (r). The rhabdom is a
transversely striated rod,
constituting the true sensory part
of each ommatidium, and is in
connexion at its lower end with a
nerve-fibre (n), passing to the
optic ganglion. The rhabdoms
rest upon a membrane (f) called
the “membrana fenestrata.” Each
ommatidium is isolated from its
fellows which surround it by a
complete cylinder of pigment,
part of which is especially Fig. 103.—A, Sections (diagrammatic)
crowded round the crystalline of Crustacean compound eye, A, with
pigment in light-position for mosaic
cone, and is known as “irido- vision; B, with pigment in dark-
pigment” (ip), while the part position for refractive vision. c, Corneal
which surrounds the rhabdom is lens; c.g, corneagen cells; cr, crystalline
called “retino-pigment” (rp). cone; f, basal membrane, or membrana
fenestrata; ip, irido-pigment; n, nerve;
When the pigment is arranged r, retinula; rh, rhabdom; rp, retino-
in this way, as in Fig. A, only pigment; v, vitrella.
those rays of light which strike an
ommatidium approximately at
right angles to the corneal surface can be perceived, since only these
can reach the top of the rhabdom; the others pass through the
crystalline cones obliquely, and are absorbed by the cylinder of
pigment surrounding each ommatidium, so that they neither reach
the rhabdom of the ommatidium which they originally entered, nor
can they penetrate to the rhabdom of neighbouring ommatidia. This
gives rise to what is known as “mosaic vision,” that is to say, each
ommatidium only perceives the rays of light which are parallel to its
long axis, and in this way an image is built up of which the various
points are perceived side by side by means of separate eye-elements.
The distinctness and efficiency of this mode of vision depends chiefly
upon the number of ommatidia present, and the completeness with
which they are isolated from one another by the pigment. Now this
form of vision, depending as it does upon the absorption of a great
number of the light-rays by pigment, and the transmission of only a
limited number to the sensory surface, is only possible when there is
a strong light, and there is no need for economising the light-rays.
The most important discovery was made by Exner,[117] that the
majority of animals with compound eyes had the power of so
arranging the pigment in their eyes as to enable them to see in two
ways. In bright light the pigment is situated as in Fig. 103, A, so as
completely to isolate the rhabdoms from one another (day-position);
but in the dusk the pigment actively migrates, the irido-pigment
passing to the surface (B) near the tops of the crystalline cones, and
the retino-pigment passing interiorly to rest on the membrana
fenestrata at the bases of the rhabdoms (night-position). When this
happens the rays of light which strike the ommatidia at all sorts of
angles, instead of being largely absorbed by the pigment, are
refracted by the crystalline cones and distributed over the tops of the
rhabdoms, passing freely from one ommatidium to another. In this
way the eye acts on this occasion, not by mosaic vision, but on the
principle of refraction, as in the Vertebrate eye. Of course the
distinctness of vision is lost, but an immense economy in the use of
light-rays is effected, and the creature can perceive objects and
movements dimly in the dusk which by mosaic vision it could not see
at all. The pigment is contained in living cells or chromatophores,
and it is carried about by the active amoeboid movements of these
cells with great rapidity.
Now, besides the active adaptability to different degrees of light
brought about in the individual by these means, we find Crustacea
living under special conditions in which the eyes are permanently
modified for seeing in the dusk, and this naturally occurs in many
deep-sea forms.
Doflein[118] has examined the eyes of a great number of deep-sea
Brachyura dredged by the Valdivia Expedition, and as the result of
this investigation he states that the eyes of deep-sea Brachyura are
never composed of so many ommatidia, nor are they so deeply
pigmented as those of littoral or shallow water forms. At the same
time an immense range of variation occurs among deep-sea forms
which are apparently subjected to similar conditions of darkness, a
variation stretching from almost normal eyes to their complete
degeneration and the fusion of the eye-stalks with the carapace; and
this variation is very difficult to account for. A very frequent
condition for crabs living at about 100 fathoms, and even more, is for
either the irido-pigment or the retino-pigment to be absent, for the
number of ommatidia to be reduced, and for the corneal lenses to be
greatly arched. There can be little doubt that these crabs use their
eyes, not for mosaic vision, but to obtain the superposition-image
characteristic of the Vertebrate eye. In deeper waters, where no
daylight penetrates at all, this type of eye is also met with, and also
further stages in degeneration where all pigment is absent, and the
ommatidia show further signs of reduction and degeneration, e.g.
Cyclodorippe dromioides. In a few forms, e.g. Cymonomus
granulatus among Brachyura, and numerous Macrura, the
ommatidia may entirely disappear, and the eye-stalks may become
fused with the carapace or converted into tactile organs.
Progressive stages in degeneration, correlated with the depth in
which the animals are found, are afforded by closely related species,
or even by individuals of apparently the same species. Thus in the
large Serolidae of Antarctic seas, Serolis schytei occurs in 7–128
metres, and has well-developed eyes; S. bronleyana, from 730 to
3600 metres, has small and semi-degenerate eyes; while S.
antarctica in 730–2920 metres is completely blind. Lispognathus
thompsoni is a deep-water spider-crab, and the individuals taken at
various depths are said to exhibit progressive stages in degeneration
according to the depth from which they come.
At the same time many anomalies occur which are difficult to
explain. In the middle depths, i.e. at about 100 fathoms, side by side
with species which have semi-degenerate or, at any rate, poorly
pigmented eyes, occur species with intensely pigmented eyes
composed of very numerous ommatidia, e.g. the Galatheid
Munidopsis and several shrimps, while in the true abysses many of
the species have quite normal pigmented eyes. This is especially the
case with the deep-sea Pagurids, of which Alcock describes only one
species, Parapylocheles scorpio, as having poorly pigmented eyes.
An attempt to account for this was made by Milne Edwards and
Bouvier,[119] who pointed out that the truly deep-sea forms with well-
developed eyes were always Crustacea of a roving habit, which were
perhaps capable of penetrating into better lit regions, and to whom
well-developed eyes might be useful, while the degenerate forms
were sluggish. This explanation cannot be held to account for the
phenomenon, as too many deep-sea forms with fairly normal eyes
are known which are never taken outside deep waters. Doflein (loc.
cit.) points out that in the Brachyura of the deep sea there is a
remarkable correlation between the degree of degeneration of the eye
and the size of the eggs—the large-egged forms having unpigmented
and degenerate eyes, while the species with small eggs have
pigmented eyes. He supposes that the species with large eggs
undergo a direct development without pelagic free-swimming larvae,
and that since they never reach the surface their eyes never meet
with the necessary stimulus of light for the development of pigment;
whereas the small-egged species undergo a pelagic larval existence
when this stimulus is present and gives the necessary initiative for
the development of the pigment.
Another factor enters into the question of eye-degeneration in the
Crustacea. The great majority of deep-sea animals, including many
deep-sea Crustacea, are phosphorescent, and it is certain that
although daylight never penetrates into the abysses of the ocean, yet
there is considerable illumination derived from the phosphorescence
of the inhabitants of these regions.
Alcock[120] points out in this connexion that the Pagurids, which
are conspicuous in the great depths as animals with normally
developed eyes, carry about anemones with them, and these
organisms are very frequently phosphorescent to a high degree. It
may well be, therefore, that the Pagurids are enabled to use their
eyes in the normal manner owing to the phosphorescent light which
they carry about with them, and this use of phosphorescent light may
apply to a number of deep-sea Crustacea whose eyes are not at all or
only partially degenerate.
An extremely interesting case of the use of phosphorescent light is
given by Chun.[121] In a number of Euphausiids occurring in deep
waters each compound eye is divided into two parts—a frontal and
ventro-lateral—which differ from one another very greatly in the
nature and disposition of their ommatidia.
In the frontal portion (Fig. 104, A) the ommatidia are few in
number and long, the corneal lenses are highly arched, and the
pigment is reduced to a few clumps in the iris. This part of the eye is
evidently adapted for forming a vague superposition-image in the
dusk. The ventro-lateral part (B), on the other hand, is composed of
numerous small ommatidia, the crystalline cones of which can be
completely isolated from one another by the irido-pigment.
Immediately below this part of the eye is a phosphorescent organ (C)
provided with a lens and tapetum.
Chun suggests that the ventro-
lateral part of the eye is used for
obtaining a clear mosaic image of
objects illuminated by the
phosphorescent organ, while the
frontal part of the eye is used for
obtaining general visual
impressions in dimly lit regions.
This curious differentiation of the
eye into two parts apparently only
occurs in predaceous animals,
which capture their prey alive
upon the bottom, and to whom a
Fig. 104.—Section of eye of clear vision of moving organisms
Stylocheiron mastigophorum. A, is a necessity.
Frontal portion; B, ventro-lateral
portion; C, phosphorescent organ; D,
Another instance of
entrance of optic nerve; c, corneal lens; Crustaceans making use of their
[122]
cr, crystalline cone; pg, pigment; ret, own light is given by Alcock,
retinula; rh, rhabdom. (After Chun.) who found two deep-sea prawns,
Heterocarpus alphonsi and
Aristaeus coruscans, at about
500 fathoms in the Indian Ocean. These animals produce a highly
phosphorescent substance which they eject from the antennary
glands, and they possess very large, deeply-pigmented eyes.
The whole subject of the modification of the pigment and structure
of Crustacean eyes is an interesting one, because it presents us with
one of those cases in which the direct response to a stimulus acting
within the lifetime of the individual seems to run parallel to the fixed
adaptations of a whole species, which have become hereditary and
apparently independent of the external stimulus of light or of the
absence of light. As far as is known, however, the direct response of
the individual to the absence of light is limited to the reduction or
disappearance of the pigment, and does not extend to those
structural changes in the ommatidia which are characteristic of so
many deep-sea forms.
Order II. Decapoda.[123]

The Decapoda, together with the Euphausiidae, make up the
Division Eucarida, the members of which differ from the Orders
hitherto described in a number of characters, e.g. the presence of a
carapace covering the whole of the thorax, the absence of a brood-
pouch formed of oostegites, the presence of a short heart, of
spermatozoa with radiating pseudopodia, and of a complicated larval
metamorphosis, of which the Zoaea stages are most prominent.
The Decapoda differ from the Euphausiidae chiefly in the anterior
three thoracic limbs being turned forwards towards the mouth to act
as maxillipedes, and in the five succeeding thoracic limbs being
nearly always uniramous and ambulatory or chelate; there are
typically present three serial rows of gills attached to the thoracic
segments, an upper series (“pleurobranchiae”) attached to the body-
wall above the articulation of the limbs, a middle series
(“arthrobranchiae”) attached at the articulation of the limbs, and a
lower series (“podobranchiae”) attached to the basal joints of the
limbs. These gills are enclosed in a special branchial chamber on
each side of the thorax, formed by lateral wings of the carapace
known as “branchiostegites.” The gills of each series are never all
present in the same animal, the anterior and posterior members
showing a special tendency to be reduced and to disappear. In this
manner “branchial formulae” can be constructed for the various
kinds of Decapods, which differ from the ideal formula in a manner
distinctive of each kind. The second maxilla is always provided with
an oar-like appendage on its outer margin (exopodite), known as the
“scaphognathite,” which, by its rhythmical movement, keeps up a
constant current of water through the gill-chamber.
A complicated auditory organ is present on the basal joint of the
first antennae; this is a sac communicating with the exterior and
lined internally with sensory hairs. The animal is said to place small
pieces of sand, etc., in its ears to act as otoliths. Anaspides (see p.
116) is the only other Crustacean which has an auditory organ in this
position.
The larval histories of the Decapods[124] are of great interest, and
will be given under the headings of the various groups. The first
discoverer of the metamorphosis of the Decapoda was the Irish
naturalist J. V. Thompson, certainly one of the ablest of British
zoologists. In 1828, in his Zoological Researches, he describes
certain Zoaeas of the Brachyura and proves that these animals are
not an adult genus, as supposed, but larval forms. But Rathke, in
1829, described the direct development of the Crayfish; and
Westwood, after describing the direct development of Gecarcinus,
utterly denied Thompson’s assertions concerning metamorphosis.
Thompson replied in the Royal Society Transactions for 1835, and
described the Megalopa stage of Cancer pagurus. Rathke,[125]
although previously an opponent of Thompson, subsequently made
confirmatory observations upon the larvae of the Anomura; and
Spence Bate clinched the matter by describing Brachyuran
metamorphosis with great accuracy in the Philosophical
Transactions for 1859. Since then a mass of work has been done on
the subject, though much detail still remains to be elucidated.
The Decapoda fall into three sub-orders, which graduate into one
another—(i.) the Macrura, including the Lobsters, Crayfishes,
Shrimps, and Prawns; (ii.) the Anomura, including the Hermit-
lobsters and Hermit-crabs; and (iii.) the Brachyura or true Crabs.
Sub-Order 1. Macrura.
This sub-order[126] is characterised by the large abdomen,

furnished with five pairs of biramous pleopods, and ending in a
powerful tail-fan composed of the telson and the greatly expanded
sixth pair of pleopods, the whole apparatus being locomotory. The
second antennae are furnished with very large external scales,
representing the exopodites of those appendages. Some of the
Shrimps and Prawns closely resemble the “Schizopods,” but the
pereiopods are nearly always uniramous.[127] Several subdivisions of
the Macrura are recognised.
Tribe 1. Nephropsidea.
This tribe includes the Lobsters and Crayfishes, animals well

known from their serviceableness to man. There are three families,
which will be treated separately.
Fam. 1. Nephropsidae. The podobranchs are not united with
the epipodites, and the last thoracic segment is fixed and fused to the
carapace. The chelae are generally asymmetrical. The most
important Lobsters are the European and the American species—
Homarus vulgaris (= Astacus gammarus) and H. americanus
respectively; these animals engage a large number of people in the
fisheries. It is estimated that in America about £150,000 are spent
every year on Lobsters.
The genus Nephrops contains the small Norwegian lobster and
other forms.
Herrick[128] gives some interesting particulars with regard to the
life-history of the American species. The largest recorded specimen
weighed about twenty-five pounds, and measured twenty inches
from rostrum to tail; similar European specimens have been
recorded, but, on the average, they are not so large as the American
forms.
The Lobster, like all Crustacea, undergoes a series of moults as the
result of increase in size, shedding the whole of the external
integument in one piece. This is accomplished by a split taking place
on the dorsal surface at the junction of thorax and abdomen; through
the slit so formed the Lobster retracts first his thorax with all the
limbs, and then his abdomen. When first issuing from the old shell
the animal’s integument is soft and pulpy, but the increase in size of
the body is already manifest; this increase per moult, which is
approximately the same in young and adult animals, varies from 13
to 15 per cent of the animal’s length. According to this computation,
a Lobster 2 inches long has moulted fourteen times, 5 inches twenty
times, and 10 inches twenty-five times, and it may be roughly
estimated that a 10–inch Lobster is four years old. Young Lobsters
probably moult twice a year, and so do adult males, but females only
moult once a year soon after the young are hatched out.
The process of moulting or ecdysis is an exceedingly dangerous
one to the Lobster and to Crustacea in general, and is very frequently
fatal. There is, first of all, the danger of the act not being
accomplished skilfully, when death always ensues. The Lobster
remains soft and unprotected for about six weeks after the ecdysis,
and is very apt to fall a prey to the predaceous fish, such as Sharks,
Skates, Cod, etc., which feed upon it. There are, however, some
peculiar adaptations connected with the process which are of
interest. In order to facilitate the ecdysis, areas of absorption are
formed upon the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the carapace, on the
narrower parts of the chelipedes, and at other places; in these areas
the calcium carbonate is absorbed, and the old shell becomes elastic
and thin, so as to allow a more easy escape for the moulting Lobster.
It has been noticed that while this is taking place large concretions of
calcium carbonate are formed at the sides of the stomach, known as
“gastroliths,” which perhaps represent the waste lime that has been
abstracted from the areas of absorption. After moulting the Lobster
is in great need of lime for stiffening his shell, and it has been noticed
that on these occasions he is very greedy of this substance, even
devouring his own cast-off skin.
The male Lobster is especially prized on account of his larger
chelae, but in both sexes the chelipedes are differentiated into a
smaller cutting pincer and a larger crushing one. Lobsters may be
right or left handed, with the large crushing claw on the right or left
hand, and sometimes specimens occur with the smaller cutting
pincers on both chelipedes, and very rarely, indeed, with crushing
claws on both sides. Crustacea very commonly have the power of
casting off a limb if they are seized by it or if it is injured, and of
regenerating a new one. In the Lobster a so-called breaking joint is
situated on each leg at the suture between the fused second and third
segments; a membrane being pushed inwards from the skin, which
not only serves to form a weak joint where rupture may easily take
place, but also to stop excessive bleeding after rupture. In the newly-
hatched larvae there is a normal joint between the second and third
segments; and autotomy, or the voluntary throwing away of a limb,
never occurs until the fourth larval stage, when the breaking joint is
formed. Autotomy is a reflex act under the control of the segmental
ganglion; if a Crab or Lobster be anæsthetised, and then a limb be
injured or broken off below the breaking joint, the animal forgets to
throw the injured leg or stump off at the breaking joint, a proceeding
which always occurs under normal conditions. The regeneration of a
limb starts from a papilla which grows out of the breaking joint, and
after a number of moults acquires the specific form of the limb that
has been lost. A number of interesting observations have been made
upon the regeneration of the limbs in Crustacea. It was in the
Hermit-crab that Morgan[129] proved that regeneration and the
liability to injury do not always run parallel, as Weismann held they
should, since the rudimentary posterior thoracic limbs, which are
never injured in nature, can regenerate when artificially removed as
easily as any others. Przibram[130] has shown that in the shrimp
Alpheus, whose chelipedes are highly asymmetrical, if the large one
be cut off, the small one immediately begins to grow and to take on
the form of the large one, while the regenerated limb is formed as the
small variety. This remarkable inversion in the symmetry of the
animal clearly ensures that, if the large chela is injured and thrown
away, the least amount of time is wasted in providing the shrimp
with a new large claw.
To return to the Lobster; for the majority of the individuals there is
a definite breeding season, viz. July and August, but a certain
proportion breed earlier or later. A female begins to “berry” at about
eight inches in length, and to produce more and more eggs up to
about eighteen inches, when as many as 160,000 eggs are produced
at a time; after this there is a decline in numbers. A female normally
breeds only once in two years. Strict laws are enforced forbidding the
sale of Lobsters and Crabs “in berry” in both England and America.
The period of incubation, during which the developing eggs are
attached to the swimmerets of the female, lasts about ten or eleven
months, so that the larvae are hatched out approximately in the
following June. On hatching, the larva, which measures about one-
third of an inch, and is in the Mysis stage (i.e. it possesses all the
thoracic limbs in a biramous condition, but is without the abdominal
limbs), swims at first on the surface. After five or six months of this
life, during which the abdominal pleopods are added from before
backwards, it sinks to the bottom, loses the exopodites of the thoracic
limbs, and is converted into the young Lobster, measuring about half
an inch in length. The little Lobster starts in deepish water, and
gradually crawls towards the shore; here it passes its adolescence,
but on coming to maturity it migrates out again into the deep water.
Fam. 2. Astacidae.—In this family, which includes all the
European and North American Crayfishes, Astacus (Potamobius)
and Cambarus, the podobranchs are united with the epipodites, the
last thoracic segment is free, there is only one pleurobranch or none
at all, the gills have a central lamina, but the filaments are without
terminal hooks, and the endopodites of the first two pairs of

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Asuhan Kebidanan Pada Kehamilan Buku Ajar Bd Yulizawati

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Fam. Talitridae.—This family may be distinguished by the

Fig. 96.—Caprella grandimana, × 4. a, Abdomen; g, gills; t, 3rd

Fam. 1. Caprellidae[113] are also chiefly littoral forms, swarming

These are an equally distinct

The Stomatopoda are rather large animals, occasionally reaching a

Fig. 100.—Older Erichthus larva, with six pairs of abdominal

The so-called “Alima” larva of Squilla is also a Pseudozoaea, but it

The Euphausiidae[116] agree

Fig. 102.—Euphausia pellucida, female, × 5. G, Last gill; L,

The compound eyes of Crustacea resemble those of Insects in

Order II. Decapoda.[123]

This sub-order[126] is characterised by the large abdomen,

This tribe includes the Lobsters and Crayfishes, animals well

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十方世界諸如來護念歸命受持者 ※曩莫颯缽跢（二合引）喃（上引）三（去）藐三（去）沒馱