MODULE 11 Communication for Work Purposes (Part 2)
Marlyn D. Tolosa Professor
GE 005 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 2
Overview Welcome to Purposive Communication Module 11 on Communication for Work Purposes (Part 2).
This module aims to enlighten you on verbal and non-verbal
communication used in the workplace.
This module was designed to provide learners meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at their own pace and time. Learners will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.
Technical Requirements This distance learning requires the use of the following: Google Classroom and Google Meet. (if ALL students have the capacity to use Google Meet for synchronous class)
Content Outline 1. Communication for Work Purposes a. Speaking Competencies b. Speech Communication c. Principles of Nonverbal Communication
Objectives
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Identify the communication types used in sending messages; 2. Explain how to achieve effective communication; and 3. Formulate an advocacy campaign to address various concerns in the society.
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Preliminary Activity 1. Study the telephone conversation carefully. a. Why do they fail to communicate effectively? b. If you were one of them, what would you say to achieve better communication?
Discussion/Instructional Flow Read carefully the concept notes below.
Communication types 1. Verbal (in-person) communication 2. Non-verbal communication
Speaking Competencies
1. Useful topic. Select a topic that is appropriate to the audience and the occasion. An advanced speaker selects a worthwhile topic that engages the audience. His topic also presents the audience with new information that they did not know before the speech.
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2. Engaging introduction. Formulate an introduction that orients the audience to the topic. An advanced speaker writes an introduction that contains an excellent attention-getter. She firmly establishes her credibility. She provides a sound orientation to the topic, states her thesis clearly, and previews her points in a cogent and memorable way
3. Clear organization. Use an effective organizational pattern. An advanced
speaker is very well organized and delivers a speech with clear main points. His points are mutually exclusive and directly related to the thesis. Further, he employs effective transitions and signposts to help the speech flow well.
4. Well-supported ideas. Locate, synthesize, and employ compelling
supporting materials. In the advanced speaker’s speech, her key points are well supported with a variety of credible materials, and her sources provide excellent support for her thesis. In addition, all of her sources are clearly cited.
5. Closure in conclusion. Develop a conclusion that reinforces the thesis
and provides psychological closure. The advanced speaker provides a clear and memorable summary of his points, and he refers back to the thesis or big picture. His speech also ends with a strong clincher or call to action.
6. Clear and vivid language. Demonstrate a careful choice of words. An
advanced speaker’s language is exceptionally clear, imaginative and vivid. Her language is also completely free from bias, grammatical errors and inappropriate usage.
7. Suitable vocal expression. Use vocal expression and paralanguage to
engage the audience. Excellent use of vocal variation, intensity and pacing are characteristics of the advanced speaker. His vocal expression is also natural and enthusiastic, and he avoids fillers.
8. Corresponding nonverbals. Demonstrate nonverbal behavior that
supports the verbal message. An advanced speaker has posture, gestures, facial expression and eye contact that are natural, well developed, and display high levels of poise and confidence.
9. Adapted to the audience. Adapt the presentation to the audience. The
advanced speaker shows how information is important to audience
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members, and his speech is tailored to their beliefs, values and attitudes. He may also make allusions to culturally shared experiences.
10. Adept use of visual aids. Make use of visual aids skillfully. Exceptional explanation and presentation of visual aids is characteristic of the advanced speaker. Her speech has visuals that provide powerful insight into the speech topic, and her visuals are of high professional quality.
11. Convincing persuasion. Construct an effectual persuasive message
with credible evidence and sound reasoning. An advanced speaker articulates the problem and solution in a clear, compelling manner. He supports his claims with powerful and credible evidence while completely avoiding reasoning fallacies. His speech also contains a memorable call to action.
Speech Communication
Conversing Informally Voice Quality ▪ Pitch, resonance, speed and volume. ▪ Easy parts can be fast, hard parts should be slower. ▪ Pause only for effect—to emphasize upcoming subject matter and gain attention.
Style ▪ It is the blending of pitch, speed, and volume that makes your voice unique. ▪ To improve – Listen to yourself. Does your voice project sincerity? Is it polished, smooth, rough or dull? – Listen to strong speakers and imitate them.
Word Choice ▪ Choose words in your listener’s vocabulary. ▪ Choose appropriate words that respect the listener's knowledge of the subject matter. Don’t talk down or over someone’s head. ▪ Use professional, not casual, language.
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Adaptation ▪ The preceding suggestion applied to the whole message. ▪ It is more than just word choice. It also concerns idea simplification.
Courtesy in Talking ▪ Don’t dominate or drown out others. ▪ Apply the Golden Rule; accord others the courtesy you expect from them.
1. There are similarities and differences between verbal and nonverbal
communication.
Similarities between verbal and nonverbal communication include:
Like verbal communication, nonverbal communication is symbolic. This
means that it is ambiguous, arbitrary, and abstract just like verbal communication is. A handshake may be bone crushing to one person but to another it may seem wimpy. And, what do the people shaking hands mean by that handshake? It’s all arbitrary. Is the handshake a greeting between coworkers or is it an agreement to something (i.e. “let’s shake on it”)? It is really an ambiguous, abstract motion.
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Like verbal communication, nonverbal communication is governed by rules. The rules are mutually agreed upon between people and develop over time. We know that kissing indicates an intimate relationship and that kissing using your tongue means a really intimate relationship usually involving something stronger than friendship maybe even a sexual relationship.
Like verbal communication, nonverbal communication may be
intentional or unintentional. Sometimes our facial expression may give another the “right idea” or the “wrong idea” depending on how our facial expression is interpreted. Like verbal communication, nonverbal communication is subjective in its interpretation.
Like verbal communication, nonverbal communication is culture-bound
and reflects the values & norms of a culture.
Differences between verbal and nonverbal communication include:
Nonverbal communication is perceived as more believable than verbal
communication. Many believe that what comes out of our mouth might be a lie but our body will never lie – body language is the true communication.
Nonverbal communication is multi-channeled while verbal
communication is single channeled. Verbal communication comes out of our mouths (if we are deaf, it comes out of our hands through sign language!) but nonverbal comes out of our entire body – hands, facial expressions, body stance, feet placement, etc. Verbal communication is discrete while nonverbal communication is continuous. Discrete meaning that verbal communication happens in a given time frame – continuous meaning that nonverbal goes on and on.
2. Nonverbal communication can supplement or replace verbal
communication.
Children know when their parents give them “the look” that they better straighten up and behave. Sometimes, “the look” is more effective than anything that would ever come out of their mouth.
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3. Nonverbal communication can regulate interaction.
If you are chatting with a friend that is rattling along in his communication to the point you get confused, you might put one finger up to stop him so he will clarify what he means or he might even stop his rattling banter so you can comment.
4. Nonverbal communication can establish relational level meanings
including responsiveness, liking, and power or control.
When you look others in the eye, you establish a relationship with them - you invite the person to converse with you if you use friendly eyes but you discourage the person by not making eye contact. You use smiles, hugs, and some cultures use kisses as greetings to show that you like someone. You may give someone the "cold shoulder" by deliberately using body language to ignore the person. You exercise power and control through a variety of techniques: you may stand over a person to show your power in the situation or you may encourage the other so sit down to even put out the power in a situation.
5. Nonverbal communication reflects cultural values.
When you see the Philippine flag burnt, torn or destroyed, Filipinos become upset because the destruction of this powerful symbol represents the destruction of their core values: freedom of speech, government by the people/for the people, freedom of religion, etc.
Post Activity
1. Search for an advocacy campaign (print, audio, visual or web-based). How
effective is the campaign? Explain your answer.
Evaluation 1. Create a multimodal advocacy campaign (print, audio, visual or web- based) addressing current issues in the society (e.g. good governance, responsible citizenship, disaster preparedness, environmental preservation, poverty reduction, gender sensitivity etc.)
