What Are Communication Strategies?

Communication is the exchange of information between a sender and a receiver. It used to be

that you only had to worry about the way you communicated face-to-face or on paper.
Technology has changed this completely. It is important for people to take into account every
aspect of how they are relaying information. This is where communication strategies come
into play. Communication strategies are the blueprints for how this information will be
exchanged.

Types of Communication Strategies

Communication strategies can be verbal, nonverbal, or visual. Integrating all the strategies
together will allow you to see the most success. This allows a business to meet employee
needs and increase workplace knowledge.

Verbal communication strategies can be broken down into the two categories of written and
oral communication. Written strategies consist of avenues such as e-mail, text, and chat.
Examples that fall into the oral category are phone calls, video chats, and face-to-face
conversation.

Nonverbal communication strategies consist of mostly visual cues, such as body language,
facial expressions, physical distance between communicators, or the tone of your voice.
These cues are typically not intended. However, it is important to realize the message you are
sending. Otherwise, you may be saying one thing, yet the receiver is hearing another.

Visual communication strategies can be seen through signs, webpages, and illustrations.
These strategies are used in the workplace to draw attention and provide documentation.
Human resources is required to post certain visuals throughout the workplace to comply with
safety laws.

Speaking skills
1. Introduction:
Speaking: Speaking is an act of making vocal sounds. We can say that speaking
means to converse, or expressing one's thoughts and feelings in spoken language. To
speak often implies conveying information. It may be from an informal remark to a
scholarly presentation to a formal address.

Speaking skills: Speaking skills are the skills that give us the ability to communicate
effectively. These skills allow the speaker, to convey his message in a passionate,
thoughtful, and convincing manner. Speaking skills also help to assure that one won't
be misunderstood by those who are listening. Description: Speaking is the productive
skill in the oral mode. It, like the other skills, is more complicated than it seems at
first and involves more than just pronouncing words.

There are three kinds of speaking situations in which we find ourselves:

1. interactive, 2. partially interactive, and 3. Non-interactive.
 Interactive speaking situations include face-to-face conversations and telephone
calls, in which we are alternately listening and speaking, and in which we have a
chance to ask for clarification, repetition, or slower speech from our conversation
partner. Some speaking situations are partially interactive, such as when giving a
speech to a live audience, where the convention is that the audience does not interrupt
the speech. The speaker nevertheless can see the audience and judge from the
expressions on their faces and body language whether or not he or she is being
understood. Few speaking situations may be totally non-interactive, such as when
recording a speech for a radio broadcast. In all the above explained conditions
speaking is always a headache for most of the people. Although the fear of speaking is
common, studies show that ability to speaking can be enhanced by improving
speaking skills.

2. What to do before speaking? The first step to speaking is to think and the first step to
perfect speaking is to thick positive. Good speakers have the ability to quickly analyze and
absorb the information given to them, assess it fast and to make a decision and communicate
that decision to other. Keep in mind to: 1. Be an active listener: The key ingredient towards
making you a person who can think on the spot and respond intelligently is to be an active
listener. This means listening carefully and giving your full attention to the words, tone,
emotion and logic behind what the other one is saying. 2. Be a quick organiser of thoughts:
All of us have the ability to think fast. The trick is to adopt some frameworks or models to
structure new information into something coherent that we can respond with. One can break
down issues or ideas into past, present and future. 3. Structure your speech in your mind:
These are useful frameworks to organise ideas and thoughts quickly. The basic structure of
any speech involves: Opening Body Conclusion It is very useful in delivering speeches and
especially for speaking in situations such as table topics during meetings or other times when
called upon to "say some words". Thinking before speaking is important for us to add value
in terms of communicating our thoughts, ideas and feelings. We can touch lives through
deeds and we can touch lives through speech.

SpeakingSkills: Some speaking skills are:

1. Be prepared and practice. The more you know what you want to say, the better you'll get at
it. First, brainstorm the topic of your speech and research it, if you need to. Write down all
the points you want to make and then organize them into an outline. Then, practice your
speech out loud at least 3 to 5 times.
2. Know your audience. The better you know your audience or listeners, the easier it will be
to connect to them as you speak. When you are able to make that connection, you'll hold their
attention.
3. Pay attention to the old KISS principle, that is, Keep It Short and Simple. When you are
speaking don't beat around the bush or try to impress with complex metaphors. Stories,
however, can be a powerful public speaking tool, especially when they contain at least a hint
of humor. But again, keep them short and on point. Shorter messages leave more impression.
They're also easier for your audience to remember.
 4. Interact with your audience. Lectures will rarely have the same impact on an audience that
an open discussion will. Look for opportunities to involve your audience in what you are
speaking about. Ask for validation of points you are making ("Am I right?" "Has that ever
happened to you?") Or allow time for questions. Also, make sure to establish eye contact with
your audience, and keep it throughout your speech.

5. Speak with sincerity and passion. When a person wants to leave a lasting impression with
the audience about one’s topic then be sure that you are true to yourself and your topic as you
speak .Don't be afraid to inject enthusiasm and passion into the speech as well.

6. Close your speech in a memorable way. Give your audience something to think about as
you finish up your speech. Certainly, it's a good idea to summarize your main points one
more time, but then finish up with an inspiring story or quote, or leave them with a thought
provoking question.

7. Fluency The main goal is fluency. Remember that one don't have to know many complex
grammatical structures to achieve that goal! First of all try to speak as fluent as possible (even
making some grammar mistakes). Then, after making one’s speaking fluent, one can focus on
grammar aspects. Speaking skills required in meeting: Speaking skills are very important in
business. Those who are at ease conversationally have the ability to "connect" with others
which builds rapport and, eventually, relationships.

Effective business meeting communication is very much a learnable skill. Here are important
tips on speaking well as a meeting participant. 1. Talk to the entire group. When speaking in
groups moves your eyes around and talk to anyone who's listening to what you have to say.
"When responding to a question, address the entire group, not just the person who asked the
question," 2. Reach out and encourage feedback. Actively encourage comment and feedback
based on what you have to contribute. 3. Mirror the tenor of the meeting. Another business
meeting basic is establishing a comfortable atmosphere where everyone feels at ease. One
effective way to achieve that is to establish a consistency in communication. If, for instance,
most participants are keeping their remarks short, do the same. If their tone is low and
reserved, follow their lead.
4. Don’t be a time hog. Be thorough, but don't take much time to get your message across that
you lose others' attention. Micro-skills: Here are some of the micro-skills involved in
speaking. The speaker has to Pronounce the distinctive sounds of a language clearly enough
so that people can distinguish them. This includes making tonal distinctions. Use the correct
forms of words. This may mean, for example, changes in the tense, case, or gender. Put
words together in correct word order. Use vocabulary appropriately. Use the language that is
appropriate to the situation and the relationship to the conversation partner. Make the main
ideas stand out from supporting ideas or information. Barriers while speaking: There are
certain barriers to speaking: 1.Unclear messages. 2. Lack of consistency in the
communication process. 3. Incomplete sentences. 4. Not understanding the receiver. 5. Words
can have different meanings to different listener. 6. Use of negative words. Now the question
arises how we can improve our speaking skills How to improve speaking skills: 1. Practice
where you can, when you can: Any practice is good whether you speak to someone who is a
native English speaker or not. 2. It's important to build your confidence. If possible, use
simple English sentence structure that you know is correct, so that you can concentrate on
getting your message across. 3. Try to experiment with the English you know. Use words and
phrases you know in new situations. Native English speakers are more likely to correct you if
you use the wrong word than if you use the wrong grammar. Experimenting with vocabulary
is a really good way of getting feedback.
4. Try to respond to what people say to you. You can often get clues to what people think by
looking at their body language. Respond to them in a natural way. 5. Try NOT to translate
into and from your own language. This takes too much time and will make you more hesitant.
6. If you forget a word do what native English speakers do all the time, and say things that
'fill' the conversation. This is better than keeping completely silent. Try using um, or err, if
you forget the word. 7. Don't speak too fast! It's important to use a natural rhythm when
speaking English, but if you speak too fast it will be difficult for people to understand you. 8.
Try to relax when you speak you'll find your mouth does most of the pronunciation work for
you. When you speak English at normal speed, you'll discover that many of the pronunciation
skills, such as linking between words, will happen automatically. 9. Remember, when
speaking English Try to become less hesitant and more confident. Don’t be shy to speak the
more you do it, the more confident you'll become. Remember to be polite use "please" and
"thank you" if you ask someone to do something for you. Conclusion: Unlike a written text
where we can re-read information, a speaker has to speak the word. These words can’t be
removed. There is no opportunity for listeners to recapture the words once they have been
said. To maintain listener’s attention, speech needs to be well planned. While speaking
consider these: Happy is the hearing man; unhappy the speaking man. The difference
between a smart man and a wise man is that a smart man knows what to say, and a wise man
knows whether or not to say it. Speak well and live well.

Speaking
Definition of Speaking
Speaking is the productive skill in the oral form. It likes the other skills. it is more
complicated than it seems at first and involves more than just pronouncing words. Speaking
is a means of language acquisition, communication, and sharing information and ideas.
Speaking skill is the ability to express ideas in acceptable spoken English form (Isnawati,
2010). Beside that, speaking is also one of the basic skills of language learning. It cannot be
separated from other skill of language learning (listening, writing and reading).
Speaking is an interaction between speaker and listener. It is supported by Nunan and Carter
(2001:10) that speaking is physically situated face to face interaction. So they are subjects in
speaking process and there is connection between them. The speaker tries to explain his/her
idea and the listener tries to understand what the speaker said. They can interact in particular
situation. There are three kinds of speaking situations in which we find ourselves:
Interactive,
Partially interactive, and Non-interactive.
Interactive speaking situations include face-to-face conversations and telephone calls, in
which we are alternately listening and speaking, and in which we have a chance to ask for
clarification, repetition, or slower speech from our conversation partner. Some speaking
situations are partially interactive, such as when giving a speech to a live audience, where the
convention is that the audience does not interrupt the speech. The speaker nevertheless can
see the audience and judge from the expressions on their faces and body language whether or
not he or she is being understood. Some few speaking situations may be totally non-
interactive, such as when recording a speech for a radio broadcast.
In some ways speaking can be considered the most difficult skill to acquire since it requires
command of both listening comprehension and speech production subskill (e.g. vocabulary
retrieval, pronounciation, choice of a grammatical pattern, and so forth ) in unpredictable,
unplanned situations. On the other hand, speaking can be viewed as the easiest skill since one
can use body language, demonstration, repetition, and various strategies to make oneself
understood (Murcia & Olshtain, 2000:165)
The ability to speak a second or foreign language well is a very complex task if we try to
understand the nature of what appears to be involved. To begin with, speaking is used for
many different purposes, and each purpose involves different skills. When we use casual
conversation, for example, our purposes may be to make social contact with people, to
establish rapport, or to engage in the harmless chitchat that occupies much of the time we
spend with friends. When we engage in discussion with someone, on the other hand,the
purpose maybe to seek or express opinions, to persuade someone about something, or to
clarify information. In some situation, we use speaking to give intructions or to get things
done. We may use speaking to describe things, to complain about people’s behavior, to make
polite requests, or to entertain people with joke and anecdote (Richards & Renandya, 2002:
201).
In conclusion, speaking is an active process between the speaker and the listener in oral
production. It is an interactive process because speaking need an interactive process and it
can also be done in particular situations and purposes.