1. Major Branches of Biology (c) Anthropology (d) Cytology RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) 1. The term 'sericulture' is related to which of the RRB JE CBT-II 31.08.2019 IInd Shift following? Ans : (b) Ecology is the branch of science that deals (a) Fish farming (b) Silk farming with the study of interaction between organisms and (c) Bird farming (d) Bee farming their environments. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 7. The study of hematology is related to ………. (a) Plant reproductive system Ans. (b) The term 'sericulture' is related to silk farming. (b) Blood Pisciculture → Fish farming (c) Food habits of animals Apiculture → Bee keeping (d) Bones Aviculture → Bird keeping RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 2. Which of the following terms best describes the Ans. (b) The study of hematology is related to blood. biological study of animal behaviour? The study of bones is called Osteology. (a) Etiology (b) Ethnology 8. What is Morphology? (c) Entomology (d) Ethology (a) Study of insects RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) Study of human development Ans. (d) Ethology is the study of animal behavior. (c) Study of the shape, structure and specific Entomology is the scientific study of insects. Etiology structural properties of the organism (d) Study of interdependence of organism and is the scientific study of causes of disease. Ethnology is environment the comparative study of two or more cultures. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) 3. The cultivation of high value crops such as Ans. (c) Morphology is the branch of biology, under vegetables, fruits and flowers is called_____. which the shape, structure and specific structural (a) Sericulture (b) Pisciculture properties of an organism are studied. (c) Apiculture (d) Horticulture 9. Which of the following study related to RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist human? Ans. (d) Horticulture is the branch of science in which (a) Archaeology (b) Archeology we deal about plant agriculture dealing with garden (c) Anthropology (d) Andrology crops, generally fruits, vegetables and ornamental RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist plants. Horticulture is divided into the cultivation of Ans. (c) Anthropology is the systematic study of plants for food (pomology and olericulture) and plant humanity, through this branch we understand our for ornament (floriculture and landscape horticulture). evolutionary origin, our distinctiveness as a species, and 4. The study of cells is called ________. the great diversity in our forms of social existence (a) Serology (b) Cytoplasm across the world and through time. The focus of (c) Cytology (d) Etiology anthropology is on understanding of the both, our RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist shared humanity and diversity, and engaging with diverse ways of being in the world. Ans. (c) : The study of cells is known as Cytology. 10. The study of fertilization, development, Serology → It is the scientific study of serum and other division and variation is known as: body fluids. (a) Embryology (b) Physiology 5. Viticulture is : (c) Genetics (d) Evolution (a) Vegetable cultivation (b) Mango cultivation RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) (c) Grape cultivation (d) Flower cultivation Ans : (a) Embryology is the branch of biology that RRB NTPC 11.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist deals with prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses. Ans. (c) Viticulture is the cultivation of grapes. Physiology is a biological science that deals with the Vegetable cultivation → Olericulture functions and activities of life or of living matter (such Cultivation of flowers → Floriculture as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and 6. The science that deals with the relationship of chemical phenomena involved. Genetics is the branch various organisms with their environment is of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic known as– variations and heredity in organisms. 11. Which branch of zoology is closely related to Ans: (b) Hepatology is the branch of medicine the study of sociology of human race? concerned with the study, prevention, diagnosis and (a) Embryology (b) Zoogeography management of diseases that affect the liver, (c) Physiology (d) Anthropology gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) Helcology is the study that deals with pathology, and Ans. (d) Anthropology is the branch of Zoology treatment of ulcers. closely related to the study of sociology of human Heterology is the science that studies living organism's race. dissimilarity, the lack of correspondence of apparently Zoogeography is a branch of biogeography similar body parts. concerned with the geographic distribution of Geriatrics is the branch of medicine or social science animals and especially with the determination of the dealing with health and care of old people. areas characterized by specific groups of animals 16. What is the branch of biology related to the and the study of the causes and significance of such classification of organisms? groups. (a) Taxonomy (b) Nothology (c) Anatomy (d) Limnology 12. The study of diseases in plants and the way in RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-I) which plants resist or cope with infection is Ans : (a) Taxonomy is the branch of biology related to called: the classification of organisms. It is basically related to (a) Pathology Biodiversity. It classifies organisms including all plants (b) Physiology and micro organisms of the world. It was developed by (c) Phytopathology the Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus in 1735, in his (d) Photomorphogenesis book 'Systema Naturae’. Linnaeus invented binomial RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-III) nomenclature, the system of giving each type of organism a genus and species name. In this system, Ans. (c) Phytopathology or plant pathology is the each species is assigned a two-part name; first part of the science of diagnosing and managing plant diseases. name of each animal represents genus and second word 13. Under which branch of soil science is the study denotes species epithet. of the effect of soil on living things? Anatomy is the branch of science concerned with the (a) Andrology (b) Edaphology bodily structure of humans and animals. (c) Agrobiology (d) Desmology Limnology is the study of inland aquatic ecosystems. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III) 17. Taxonomy is basically related to ………. (a) Biodiversity Ans : (b) Edaphology → Study of the effect of soil on (b) Tax structure living things (c) A branch of astronomy Agrobiology → Study of soil science in plant nutrition (d) Study of human behavior and its application to crop production. RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Desmology → Branch of anatomy which concerns Ans. (a) See the explanation of above question. ligaments. 18. Zoology is the study of : 14. Which of the following is the branch of (a) Energy (b) Fruit physiology and medicine that deals with (c) Viruses (d) Animals specific diseases and conditions of men? RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Andrology (b) Astacology Ans. (d) Zoology is the study of animals. (c) Bioecology (b) Desmology 19. What is a branch of science that deals with life RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II) or the possibilities of life beyond the earth? (a) Entomology (b) Exobiology Ans : (a) Andrology → Study of infertility and sexual (c) Mycology (d) Paleontology diseases in men. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Bio-ecology → Study of the relationship among Ans. (b) Exobiology is the branch of science that deals different living organisms and their natural with the possibilities of life that exist beyond earth. environment. Insects are studied under the Entomology. Under Astacology → Study of crayfish. Mycology, fungi are studied and under Paleontology, the fossils of animals and plants are studied. 15. Which of the following disciplines of medical science is related to treatment and study of 20. ......... is a study of the behavior of elements and human-like species such as monkeys, apes, liver? forest animals, etc. (a) Helcology (b) Hepatology (a) Anthropology (b) Ethnobotany (c) Heterology (d) Geriatrics (c) Primatology (d) Apiology RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans: (c) Primatology is the study of the behavior of Ans. (b) Plants are studied under botany. Botany is the human like species such as monkeys, apes, forest animals branch of biology that deals with study of plants, etc. Ethnobotany involves the indigenous knowledge of including their structure, properties, and biochemical plant's classification, cultivation, and use as food, medicine processes. and shelter. Anthropology is the branch of zoology closely 27. Oncology is associated with the treatment of related to the study of sociology of human race. Apiology which disease? is scientific study of honeybee. (a) Osteoporosis (b) Diabetes 21. Which of the following is a study of spiders? (c) Cancer (d) Renal failure (a) Arachnology (b) Anthropology RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Apiology (d) Cynology RRB NTPC 09.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans: (c) Oncology is associated with the treatment of cancer. Osteoporosis is a condition that affects the Ans : (a) Arachnology →Study of spiders (Arachnids) bones. Osteoporosis increases the size of spaces Anthropology→ Study of human culture or civilization between bones, causing the bone to lose strength and Apiology → Study of Honeybees density. Diabetes is a disease that occurs when blood Cynology → Study of canines or domestic dogs sugar level increases. Renal failure is a condition in 22. Saurology is the study of: which the kidneys stop working and are not able to (a) Mosquito (b) Lizard remove waste and extra water from the blood or keep (c) Cockroach (d) Snake body's chemicals in balance. RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist 28. What is mycology? Ans : (b) Saurology is the study of lizards. (a) Study of bacteria (b) Study of mushroom 23. ........... is a written document that draws from (c) Study of virus (d) Study of parasites research depicting an anthropological culture. RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Ethnography (b) Cultural Relativism Ans: (b) Mycology is the study of fungi, their (c) Ethnosetrism (d) Ethnobotany relationships to each other and other organisms, and the RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist unique biochemistry which sets them apart from other Ans : (a) Ethnography is the branch of anthropology groups. Mushroom is a type of fungi. Study of bacteria is which provides systematic study of people and cultures. known as Bacteriology. Study of virus is called It is designed to explore cultural phenomena where the Virology. Parasitology is the study of parasites, their researcher looks at the society to observe the subject of hosts, and the relationship between them. the study. Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's beliefs, values and practices should be understood on 29. Mycology is related to the study of ............. the basis of that person's own culture. Ethnobotany is (a) Human cells (b) Fungi the scientific study of the traditional knowledge and (c) Virus (c) Bacteria customs of a people concerning plants and their RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-IV) medical, religious, and other uses. Ans. (b) Mycology is the discipline of biology that 24. What is the study of birds called? describes and studies a very vast group of organisms (a) Entomology (b) Ornithology denominated as fungi. This group contains around (c) Birdology (d) Herpetology 90,000 species. Fungi are very variable, because they RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist include both macroscopic (such as mushrooms, truffles Ans. (b) and puffballs) and microscopic organisms. All of them Ornithology → Study of birds. share some common characteristics. Study of virus is Entomology → Study of insects. called virology. The study of human cell is known as Herpetology → Study of amphibians and reptiles cytology while study of bacteria is known as 25. The scientific study of the preserved remains bacteriology. or signs of animals, plants and other animals of 30. What is Oneirology studied? ancient times is called : (a) God (b) Dreams (a) Anthropology (b) Archaeology (c) Sleep (d) Colour (c) Paleontology (d) Pharmacology RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (c) The scientific study of the preserved remains Ans. (b) Oneirology is the scientific study of dreams. or signs of animals, plants and other creatures of ancient 31. Sericulture related to: times is called paleontology. (a) Bee keeping 26. What is studied in botany? (b) Growth of plants (a) Human anatomy (b) Plants (c) Silkworms cultivation (c) Pure mathematics (d) Human psychology (d) Fisheries RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans.(c) Sericulture is the process of cultivating Ans : (a) Epidemiology is the branch of medical silkworms and extracting silk from them. science that investigates all the factors that determine 32. Toxicology is study of: the presence or absence of diseases and disorders. (a) Human behavior (b) Poison Epidemic refers to an increase, often sudden, in the (c) Soil erosion (d) Rock number of cases of a disease above what is normally RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist expected in that population in that area. Outbreak Ans. (b) Toxicology is the scientific study of adverse carries the same definition of epidemic, but is often effects that occur in living organisms due to chemicals. used for a more limited geographic area. Pandemic It involves observing and reporting symptoms, refers to an epidemic that has spread over several mechanisms, detection and treatments of toxic countries or continents, usually affecting a large number substances, in particular relation to the poisoning of of people. humans. 33. What is the study of fossils called? (a) Ethnology (b) Paleontology 2. Cell (Theories/Structures/Functions) (c) Classification (d) Ethnobotany RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II) (i) Animal Cell Ans: (b) The study of fossils is called Paleontology. Fossils provide direct evidence of evolution. The 1. The smallest unit of the life capable of preserved remains of dead organisms which are found independent existence is: safe on the earth's surfaces are called fossils. (a) Cell (b) Cytoplasm 34. Palaeontology deals with the study of ………. (c) Vacuoles (d) Protoplasm (a) Bones (b) Fossils RRB NTPC 07.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Rigid cells (d) Wings Ans. (a) The smallest unit of an organism capable of RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) independent existence is the cell. Human beings and other Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. animals and plants have been created from the cell itself. 35. What is the purpose of bio-systematics? Without a cell the life of any organism is impossible. Cells (a) Classification of organisms based on broad are found in all animals from amoeba to giant. morphological elements. 2. The jelly-like substance between the nucleus (b) Identification and arrangement of organisms and cell membrane is called_____ . based on cytological characteristics. (c) Limiting different classes of organisms and (a) Otic (b) Cytoplasm establishing their relationships. (c) Amniotic (d) Pleural (d) Classification of organisms based on their RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist evolutionary history and the establishment of Ans.(b) Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance between their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of study. the nucleus and the cell membrane. The cytoplasm is RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III) often colourless and is surrounded by the cell Ans (d) Biosystematics aims to classify organisms from membrane which keeps the contents within the cell. all fields of study based on their evolutionary history 3. What do we call the process of contraction of and the establishment of their phylogeny on the totality the cell away from the cell wall due to water of the standards. Basically, classification of living loss? substance is called taxonomy. (a) DE plasmolysis (b) Cytolysis 36. What is study of different types of tissues (c) Photosynthesis (d) Plasmolysis called? RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Cell Biology (b) Cell Physiology (c) Cytology (d) Histology Ans.(d) The process in which water moves out of the RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) cell, and the cell membrane of a plant cell shrinks Ans. (d) The study of different types of tissues is away from its cell wall, is called Plasmolysis. called histology. 4. A single - celled fertilised egg is called a/an: 37. What is Epidemiology? (a) Foetus (b) Embryo (a) Study of the occurrence and spread of the disease in a large population. (c) Blastocyte (d) Zygote (b) Study of malnutrition in large population. RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Study of health care provisions for large Ans.(d) A single-celled fertilized egg is called a zygote. population. It is significant that, zygote, fertilized egg cell, results (d) Study of diagnosis and symptoms of cholera from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with disease. a male gamete (sperm). RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 5. Cytoplasm is a jelly-like fluid that is present Ans.(d) Golgi apparatus functions as a factory in which between: proteins received from the ER are further processed and (a) Nucleus and organelles sorted for transport to their eventual destinations. Golgi (b) Fats and tissues apparatus functions in lipid metabolism. (c) Nerves and cells 10. Which of the following is a membrane-bound (d) Nucleus and cell membrane sac, filled with digestive enzymes? RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Golgi apparatus (b) Mitochondria Ans.(d) Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance present (c) Lysosomes (d) Vacuoles between the cell membrane and the nucleus. The RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist cytoplasm is an essential component of the cell. It is Ans.(c) Lysosome is the membrane-bound cell mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. Various organelle. Structurally and chemically, they are other components, or organelles, of the cell such as spherical vesicles containing digestive enzymes capable endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are located in of breaking down all kinds of biomolecules, including the cytoplasm. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and 6. _____ are known as the powerhouse of the cell. cellular debris and foreign particles. They were (a) Cytoplasm discovered and named by Belgian biologist Christian de (b) Mitochondria Duve, who eventually received the Nobel Prize in (c) Nucleus Physiology or Medicine in 1974. (d) Endoplasmic Reticulum 11. Ribosomes make _______ . RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Fats (b) Lipids Ans.(b) Mitochondria is known as the power house of (c) Proteins (d) Starch the cell. It is a double membrane structure. It stores the energy in form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate). RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Mitochondria were first discovered in 1857 by Ans. (c) Ribosomes are a complex structure and are physiologist Albert von Kolliker. found in all living cells. They are also found in nucleus 7. Which is the outermost covering of the cell that and mitochondria with the process of protein synthesis separates the contents of the cell from its Ribosomes are useful for protein formation from amino external environment? acid in body. (a) Plasma membrane (b) Organelles 12. Which of the following organelles helps to keep (c) Nerve cell (d) Smooth muscle cell the cell clean by digesting any foreign material RRB NTPC 03.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist as well as worn out cell organelles? Ans.(a) The plasma membrane also called the cell (a) Golgi apparatus membrane is the membrane found in all cells that (b) Lysosome separates the interior of the cell from outside (c) Mitochondria environment Plasma membrane consists of a lipid (d) Endoplasmic reticulum bilayer that is semi-permeable. It regulates the transport RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist of materials entering and exiting the cell. RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 8. Alignment of chromosomes in the center of the Ans. (b) Lysosome helps to keep the cell clean by cell at the equatorial plate constitutes which digesting any external material and also helps to worn stage of mitosis? out cell organelles. It is mainly responsible for the (a) Telophase (b) Prophase digestion of macro- molecules, old cell parts and micro- (c) Metaphase (d) Anaphase organisms. It is the waste disposal system of the cell. RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Lysosome is also known as 'Suicidal Bag' of the cell. Ans.(c) During Metaphase, chromosomes are arranged 13. Who coined the term 'protoplasm'? on the plane which is known as an equatorial plate. (a) G.J. Mendel Metaphase is the second stage of mitosis. In this phase, (b) Johann Evangelist Purkinje the spindle fibres are being attached to the condensed chromosomes. (c) Charles Darwin (d) Robert Hooke 9. Which of the following cell organelles are responsible for transfer packaging, and RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist modification of protein and lipids in vesicles? Ans. (b) The fluid present inside the plasma membrane (a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum is called protoplasm. It is the living part of the cell. The (b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum name protoplasm was coined by J.E. Purkinje in 1839. (c) Ribosome It is made of various chemical substances like water, (d) Golgi apparatus ions, salt and organic molecules. Protoplasm is of two RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist types, i.e. cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. 14. When there is a lack of oxygen in our muscle 18. Which is the largest cell organelle present in a cells, the breakdown of Pyruvate takes place cell? and it is converted into: (a) Endoplasmic reticulum (a) Water and energy (b) Nucleus (b) Lactic acid and energy (c) Golgi bodies (c) Ethanol and Carbon dioxide (d) Mitochondria (d) Carbon dioxide and water RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) The nucleus is the largest cell organelle Ans. (b) When there is a lack of oxygen in the muscle present in the cell. The nucleus is the controller of all cell, pyruvate splits into lactic acid and energy. When activities in the cell. Robert Brown discovered the oxygen is not present or if an organism is not able to nucleus in the cell in 1831 AD. undergo aerobic respiration, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation. 19. Which of the following organelles is called 15. Which of the following organelles is called 'protein factories of the cell'? suicidal bags of the cell? (a) Chloroplast (b) Lysosomes (a) Lysosomes (b) Chloroplasts (c) Mitochondria (d) Ribosomes (c) Golgi complex (d) Mitochondria RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II) RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (d) Ribosomes are the organelles that synthesize Ans. (a) Lysosomes are sphere-shaped sacs filled with the proteins by gathering and assembling amino acids hydrolytic enzymes that have the capability to break into protein chains, therefore they are also known as the down many types of biomolecules. They are produced protein factory of the cell. Protein synthesizing process by the Golgi body. They consist of a single membrane in ribosomes is called translation. surrounding powerful digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are known as the 'suicidal bags of the cell because they 20. Which of the following cells is found only in contain lytic enzymes capable of digesting cells and animal cells? unwanted materials. Autolysis and burst open when the (a) Lysosome (b) Golgi bodies cell is damaged. This causes the hydrolytic enzymes to (c) Centrosome (b) Ribosome be released. The released enzymes then digest their own RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III) cell, causing the cell to die. As a result, they are known as the sucidial bags of cell. Ans. (a) Lysosomes are found predominantly in animal 16. Which of the following statements is not true cells. It was discovered by Christian de Duve in the year for meiosis? 1955. Its main function is the digestion of proteins and (a) Meiosis occurs in two stages. other substances brought by endocytosis in the cell. (b) As a consequence of meiosis, the number of Lysosomes digest proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in chromosomes is doubled in resulting cells. the cytoplasm during food deprivation, this is why it is (c) During meiosis, the genes of parent cells are known as suicidal bag. mixed in the resulting cells. 21. What is the basic unit of life? (d) Meiosis takes place in gonads for production (a) Cell (b) Organ of gametes. RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-III) (c) Tissue (d) Nucleus Ans. (b) Meiosis occurs in germ cells. It takes place in RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist the following two stages - Ans : (a) The basic unit of life is the cell. The cell was 1. Meiosis-I, 2. Meiosis –II discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 AD. Synthesis of As a result of Meiosis, the number of chromosomes in proteins inside the cell occurs in the ribosome. the resulting cells is halved. Meiosis has genetic diversity due to having different chromosomes than 22. What type of cell division is used to repair parents. During this division, genetic substances are injury in the body? exchanged between chromosomes. (a) Mitosis only 17. Which cell is called ‘the master of the cell’? (b) Meiosis only (a) Endoplasmic reticulum (c) Both Mitosis and Meosis (b) Mitochondria (d) Neither Mitosis nor Meiosis (c) Nucleolus RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II) (d) Nucleus RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (a) In Mitosis cell division, the mother cell divides Ans. (d) The nucleus is called ‘the master of the cell’. It to form two identical new progeny cells, therefore this is the first organelle to be discovered. It is mainly type of division is naturally used to repair injury in the concerned with the gene expression as well as body. It is also called indirect cell division. This type of replication of DNA. cell division occurs in somatic cells. 23. Match pairs: - All organisms are made up of cells and cell products. 1. Cell wall (A) Animal cell - All cells are made up of pre-existing cells. (B) Plant cell Unicellular organisms such as viruses, viroids and 2. ATP (C) Mitochondria prions do not follow cell theory. (D) genes 27. Match the following: (a) 1–(a), 2–(a) (b) 1–(a), 2–(b) 1. Lysosome a. Power house (c) 1–(b), 2–(a) (d) 1–(b), 2–(b) 2. D.N.A. b. Chromosome RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 3. Mitochondria c. Suicide bag Ans. (*)Cell wall is the structure found in plant cell. It Code: is made of cellulose. On this basis, animal cell and plant (a) 1 – a, 2 – c, 3 – b (b) 1 – c, 2 – b, 3 – a cell is differentiated. ATP is produced in mitochondria. (c) 1 – b, 2 – c, 3 – a (d) 1 – c, 2 – a, 3 – b Mitochondria is found in both animal and plant cells. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) Hence, it is clear that none of the given options is true. Ans. (b) The correct match is as follows:- 24. Which of the following is the largest cell in the 1. Lysosomes - Suicide bag body of an animal? 2. DNA - Chromosome (a) Osteocytes (b) Neuron 3. Mitochondria - Power House (c) Chromatophores (d) Lymph cells RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) 28. Which regulates functional activities of the Ans. (b) The largest cell in an animal body is the cell? neuron (nerve cells). It is an excitable cell located in the (a) Cytoplasm (b) Nucleolus nervous system. The function of this cell is to exchange (c) Mitochondria (d) Nucleus and analyze information to the brain. No cellular RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) division takes place in the nerve cell, that is why it Ans. (d) Most of the genetic material of the cell cannot be regenerated when destroyed once. But it can concentrated into the central part in the cell, called only be obtained by stem cells. nucleus. Nucleus regulates functional activities of the 25. Which of the following molecule is present in a cell. The cell nucleus contains several long linear DNA cell abundantly? molecules with a wide variety of proteins, such as (a) Water (b) Carbohydrate (c) Algae (d) Protein histones, to form chromosomes. The gene within these RRB SSE 21.12.2014 chromosomes promote cell function. The nucleus maintains the integrity of the gene and controls the Ans. (a) The cell is the structural and functional unit of activities of the cells by controlling the expression of living organisms. The bodies of some living organisms, such as bacteria, are made up of a single cell, called the gene. Hence, the nucleus is the controlling center of unicellular organism, while some living organisms, the cell. such as a human , are made up of many cells. They are 29. Name the phase of mitosis during which the called multicellular organisms. The following structures chromosomes of the dividing cell lie on are found within the cell: equatorial plate? (1) Nucleus and nucleolus (2) Cytoplasm (a) Anaphase (b) Telophase (3) Golgibodies (4) Mitochondria (c) Metaphase (d) Prophase (5) Endoplasmic reticulum (6) Chromosomes RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II) (7) Ribosome and Centrosome Ans. (c) Metaphase is a stage of the cell cycle occurring The amount of water in the cytoplasm is about 80%, in both mitosis and meiosis cell division processes. protein 15%, fats 3%, carbohydrate 1% and inorganic During metaphase in mitosis and meiosis, the salts 1%. chromosomes condense and they become visible and 26. Which of the following does not follow cell distinguishable during alignment at the center of the theory? dividing cell, to form a metaphase plate at the center of (a) Bacteria (b) Fungi the cell. (c) Algae (d) Virus 30. Who discovered a cell? RRB SSE 21.12.2014 (a) Theodor Schwann Ans. (d) Schleiden and Schwann jointly formulated the (b) Robert Hooke cell theory. Although their theory failed to state that how (c) Matthias Schleiden new cells are formed. Rudolf Virchow (1855) clarified (d) Rudolf Virchow firstly that cells divide and new cells are formed from RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula-e-cellula). He modified the hypothesis of Schleiden and Schwann to give Ans. (b) Cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. the cell theory a final shape which is explained below: Cell is the structural and functional unit of living things. A plant cell is surrounded by a rigid cell wall and (ii) Plant Cell animal cell does not have any cell wall. Presence of a large vacuole is seen in plant cells. 31. Plant cell walls are composed of: Whereas, there are very small vacuoles as (a) Cytosol (b) Cytoplasm compared to plant cells are seen in animal cells. (c) Cellulose (d) Glucose Centrosomes are absent in plant cells but present in RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist animal cells. Ans. (c) Plant cell wall is composed of cellulose. Plant cells have plastids but animal cells do not Cellulose is a structural carbohydrate and is considered have plastids. a complex sugar because it is used in both protection Lysosomes are very rare in plant cells but animal and structure. cells have lysosomes. 32. Chlorophyll contains which of the following 36. Which of the following pigments are elements? responsible to determine the colours of fruits (a) Aluminium (b) Calcium and vegetables? (c) Magnesium (d) Iron (a) Hemocyanin (b) Merocyanine RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Indocyanine (d) Anthocyanin Ans.(c) Chlorophyll molecule consists of a central RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist magnesium atom surrounded by a nitrogen-containing Ans. (d) Anthocyanins are the pigments that are structure called a porphyrin ring, attached to the ring is a long carbon- hydrogen side chain, known as a phytol responsible for the colors, red, purple, and blue in fruits chain. Chlorophyll, any member of the most important and vegetables. Berries, currants, grapes and some class of pigments involved in photosynthesis, the tropical fruits have high anthocyanins content. process by which light energy is converted to chemical Hemocyanin and hemoglobin are respiratory proteins energy through the synthesis of organic compounds. found in animal's blood. 33. Which of the following is called Yellow Pigmen 37. Blue, violet or red flavonoid pigment found in in Plant? plants is due to the presence of: (a) Carotene (b) Achromatic reaper (a) Carotene (b) Anthocyanin (c) Xanthophyll (d) Creatinine (c) Xanthophiles (d) Chlorophyll RPF Constable 16.02.2019 (Shift - III) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans. (c) : Xanthophylls are yellow pigment in plant, Ans. (b) Blue, purple/violet or red flavonoid pigment that form one of two major divisions of carotenoid found in plants is due to the presence of anthocyanin. group. Anthocyanin is found in berries, onion, pomegranate, 34. Which cell organelle utilizes light energy grapes, tomato, chocoberry etc. during photosynthesis? 38. Which of the following cell organelles is found (a) Golgi body (b) Mitochondria in plant cell but not in animal cell? (c) Ribosome (d) Chloroplast (a) Chloroplast RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) Endoplasmic reticulum Ans: (d) Chloroplast converts light energy into (c) Mitocondria chemical energy. During photosynthesis, green colour (d) Ribosome of leaves is due to chlorophyll that helps in food RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II) preparation. That is why chloroplast is called the ‘kitchen of the cell’. Ans. (a) Chloroplast is cell organelle found in plant cell but not in animal cell. Chlorophyll is the green 35. Which of the following statements is FALSE? photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and (a) Plant cells have smaller vacuoles than those cyanobacteria. ‘Chlorophyll a’ is a specific form of of animal cells chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis. (b) Plant cells are generally larger than animal cells 39. Which of the following components gives green (c) Animal cells do not have plastids colour to leaves? (d) Plant cells have cell wall, whereas animal (a) Water (b) Nitrogen cells do not (c) Chlorophyll (d) Urea RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans: (a) Differences between plant cells and animal Ans. (c) Chlorophyll is the green photosynthetic cells– pigment found in plant cells, algae, and cyanobacteria In size- Plant cell is larger than animal cell. but it is absent in the animal cells. Chlorophyll is used In shape- Plant cells are square or rectangular in in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from shape whereas animal cells are irregular or round wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light but it shape. reflects green light. So, the leaves appear green. 40. Name the pigment that gives plants their green Ans. (c) Blood is considered as connective tissue colour. because it has a matrix. The living cell types are red (a) Carotenoid (b) Chlorophyll blood cells, also called erythrocytes, and white blood (c) Thiamin (d) Actin cells, also called leukocytes. The fluid portion of whole RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist blood, its matrix, is commonly called plasma. In blood the proportion of blood plasma and blood is 55:45. Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. There are three types of blood cells corpuscles RBC, 41. Complex carbohydrates that make up cell wall WBC and platelets. RBC is responsible for in plants are called : transportation of CO2 and O2. WBC act as defender of (a) Maltose (b) Cellulose body and platelets are responsible for clotting of blood. (c) Sucrose (d) Lactose 5. What is tissue? RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) (a) Cells which are similar in origin, but Ans. (b) The complex carbohydrates that make up the dissimilar in form and function. cell wall in plants are called Cellulose. (b) Cells that are dissimilar in origin, but similar in appearance and function. (c) Cells which are dissimilar in form and 3. Tissues function. (d) Cells which are similar in origin, form and (i) Animal Tissue function. RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III) 1. Which fluid carries absorbed fat from intestine Ans. (d) Tissue is a group of cells whose origin and and drains excess fluid from extra cellular functions are same. In human body tissue consists of space back into the blood? groups of cells with a similar structure working together (a) Platelets (b) Capillaries for a specific function. Study of tissues is known as (c) Plasma (d) Lymph histology . RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Animal tissue - The structure of the cell varies Ans. (d) Lymph is a fluid connective tissue which plays according to its function. Thus, the tissues are different a major role in the process of transportation. Capillaries and classified broadly into the following four types. contain pores through which small amount of plasma, 1. Epithelial tissue 2. Connective tissue proteins and blood cells flow out into inter-cellular 3. Muscular tissue 4. Nerve tissue spaces. Lymphatic vessels present in the intestinal villi 6. A group of cells similar in origin and are absorb fatty acids and carries the digested food and fats specialized to perform a particular function from the small intestine. It acts as a reservoir of (for example, Muscle cells in our body forms digested food and water . the muscles that brings about body movement) 2. Which is the fat-accumulating tissue in our is called : body? (a) Muscle (b) Tissue (a) Epithelial tissue (b) Vascular tissue (c) Phloem (d) Fibres (Bast) (c) Areolar tissue (d) Adipose tissue RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (b) A group of cells similar in origin and are specialized to perform a particular function is called Ans. (d) Adipose tissue are the fat accumulating tissues tissue. They form all the parts of our body. The branch of in human body. Tissues are formed from cells. Adipose biology that studies tissue is called Histology. tissues are of two types: 7. Blood and bones are examples of ………….. . 1. White adipose tissue (WAT) (a) Connective tissue (b) Epithelial tissue 2. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) (c) Meristematic tissue (d) Nerve tissue 3. Which of the following is not a type of animal RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II) tissue? Ans. (a) Such groups of cells in body that have similar (a) Meristematic tissue (b) Epithelial tissue structure, and function together are called tissues. Cells (c) Muscular tissue (d) Connective tissue combine to form tissue. Blood and bones are examples RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist of 'connective tissue'. The tissue covering the body of Ans. (a) The plant tissue which replicates itself actively the animal or providing external defense is called throughout its life, is called meristematic tissue. This 'Epithelial Tissue'. The brain, spinalcord and nerve are tissue is responsible for plant growth. They are present all made up of nervous tissue. at the tip of roots, stems and branches. 8. Blood is an example of .......... type of tissue. 4. Blood is a type of ........... tissue. (a) Epithelium (b) Connective (a) Muscular (b) Neural (c) Nerve (d) Muscular (c) Connective (d) Epithelial RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 11.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 9. What is blood? 14. Which of the following is a connective tissue? (a) A muscle tissue (b) A packing tissue (a) Vascular bundle (b) Skin (c) A connective tissue (d) A supporting tissue (c) Bone (d) Epithelium RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (c) Bone is a connective tissue. Connective tissue Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. is fibrous tissue. The main component of the connective 10. The lining of the mouth is made up of tissue of human is protein named as collagen. …………. . Connective tissue serves to connect one organ to (a) Cuboidal epithelium another in the human body. It is found in every organ of (b) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium human body. (c) Squamous epithelium 15. Which tissues are found in bones of our body? (d) Columnar epithelium RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Parenchyma (b) Permanent tissue (c) Connective (d) Epidermis Ans. (c) Epithelium tissue forms the outer thin layer of organs and the inner layer of internal organs. It is composed RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II) of four types cuboidal epithelium, pseudo-stratified Ans. (c) See the explanation of above question. columnar epithelium, squamous epithelium and columnar 16. Which of the following is not an animal tissue? epithelium, in which squamous epithelium is found on (a) Muscle tissue (b) Connective tissue the outer layer of skin. (c) Epithelial tissue (d) Nervous tissue 11. There are many organs in our body. RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II) Which of the following organs is the largest? Ans. (*) Muscle tissue, connective tissue, nerve tissue (a) Stomach (b) Kidney and epithelial- all four tissues are the animal tissues. (c) Skin (d) Brain Nerves are the fibres in the body of an organism RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III) through which signals are exchanged from one place to Ans. (c) The largest organ of the human body is the another. The nerves in the human body connect almost skin. It is the outer covering of the body called the every part of the body to the brain or spinal cord and epidermis. The skin is made up of several layers of maintain a mutual contact with them. epithelial tissue. The largest gland of the human body is 17. ............... tissue forms the inner lining of our the liver. mouth. 12. ............ tissue is formed beneath the skin and (a) Ciliated columnar epithelium between internal organs. (b) Simple squamous epithelium (a) Nerve (b) Adipose (c) Muscular (d) Epithelial (c) Stratified squamous epithelium RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I) (d) Columnar epithelium Ans. (b) There are three types of connective tissue - (1) RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III) flexible connective tissue (2) condensed connective Ans. (b) In cells, there is flat epithelium tissue cells on tissue (3) specialized connective tissue. In loose the blood vessel lining or follicle, where substances are connective tissue, the cells and fibers are loosely transported by ductile permeable membranes, these are connected to each other by extracellular matrix, for called simple squamous epithelium. It is very thin and example adipose tissue is loose connective tissue, which flat and forms a soft layer. The alimentary canal and the is predominantly found under the skin. The cells of this lining of the mouth are covered with squamous tissue are specialized for adipose tissue. The substances epithelium. The body's protective shield, that is, the that are not in use, are converted into fat and stored in skin, is made up of these squamous epithelium. The this tissue. epithelium cells of the skin are arranged in many layers 13. Identify an example of a connective tissue in to prevent them from cutting and bursting. Since they humans - are arranged in a pattern of many layers, these (a) Muscles (b) Cells epitheliums are called stratified squamous epithelium. (c) Bones (d) Fibres 18. Stratified squamous epithelium is present in: RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II) (a) Kidney (b) Respiratory system Ans. (c) Connective tissue connects one organ to another (c) Esophagus (d) Skin in the human body. The specific function of connective RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd tissues is to connect, cover the organs and keep them at Ans. (d) Stratified squamous epithelium are found in appropriate location. The connective tissues provide a nearly every organ system where the body comes into structure to the body.Types of connective tissues are: close contact with the outside environment – from the • flexible connective tissue skin to the respiratory, digestive, excretory and • specialized connective tissue reproductive systems. They also protect the body from • dense connective tissue desiccation and water loss. Stratified squamous epithelia consists of tissues formed 23. Which of the following is the outermost part of from multiple layers of cells resting on a basement human skin? membrane, with the superficial layer(s) consisting of (a) Epidermis (b) Dermis squamous cells. (c) Hypodermis (d) Nerve fibres 19. .......... tissue consists of matrix and cells are RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II) embedded in matrix. Ans. (a) See the explanation of above question. (a) Connective (b) Nerve 24. Which of the following is not a connective (c) Muscular (d) Epithelium tissue? RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Nerve cell (b) Cartilage Ans. (a) Connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. (c) Bone (d) Blood The matrix usually includes a large amount of RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II) extracellular material produced by the connective tissue Ans. (a) Bone, cartilage and blood are the connective cells that are embedded within it. The matrix plays a tissues while nerve cell is a part of nerve tissue. major role in the functioning of this tissue. Two major 25. Squamous epithelium tissue is found in the components of the matrix are ground substance and alveoli of the lungs and other parts of animals protein fibres. Connective tissues come in a vast variety where …… contraction and relaxation occur. of forms.The major function of connective tissue is to (a) Temporary (b) No connect tissues and organs.The most common cell found (c) One (d) Regular within connective tissue is the fibroblast. RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-II) 20. ––––––––––––– is a connective tissue. Ans. (a) Simple squamous epithelium are tissues (a) Collenchyma (b) Blood formed from one layer of squamous cells that line (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Parenchyma surfaces. Squamous cells are large, thin, and flat and RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III) contain a rounded nucleus. Simple squamous epithelium Ans. (b) Blood is a connective tissue. Connective tissue are found in walls of blood capillaries , alveoli of lungs serves to connect one organ to another in the human and nephrons of kidneys.They play significant role in body. It is found in every organ. The specific function diffusion, osmosis and filtration. of connective tissues is to connect, cover the organs and 26. Skin is made of which type of cell? fix them at the right place. The main component of (a) Epidermal cell (b) Parenchyma connective tissue in humans contains a protein called (c) Local tissue (d) Connective tissue collagen. RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I) 21. What are the types of muscle tissue? Ans. (a) The skin is composed of two main layers: the (a) 2 (b) 4 epidermis, made of closely packed epithelial cells, and (c) 3 (d) 5 the dermis, made of dense, irregular connective tissue RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III) that houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, Ans. (c) Muscle tissues contains many elongated and and other structures. Beneath the dermis lies the cylindrical myofilaments, arranged in a parallel row in hypodermis, which is composed mainly of loose the cytoplasm. The myofilaments include thick connective and fatty tissues. filaments mainly composed of myosin and thin 27. ………type of tissues form the gland. filaments mainly composed of actin. Muscles usually (a) Neural (b) Epithelium play significant role in all movements of the body. (c) Muscle (d) Connective There are three types of muscle tissue: RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) (i) Striated muscle (ii) Smooth muscle (iii) Cardiac Ans. (b) Epithelium are the continuous sheets of cells muscle that cover the exterior surfaces of the body, line internal 22. The outermost layer of human body skin is closed cavities and body tubes that communicate with called: the outside environment, make up the secretory portions (a) Sclera (b) Endodermis of glands and their ducts, and are found in the sensory (c) Epidermis (d) Hypodermis receptive regions of certain sensory organs. RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd 28. To provide mechanical support to the kidney in animal cells, ––––– epithelium forms its inner Ans. (c) The outermost layer of the skin of the human layer. body is called the epidermis. It consists of several layers (a) Cuboidal (b) Glandular of stratified epithelium of the skin. It contains different (c) Squamous (d) Columnar thickness in different parts of the body. There are five RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III) types of cells in the outer skin- Ans. (a) To provide mechanical support to the kidney in 1. Stratum Corneum animal cells, simple cuboidal epithelium forms its inner 2. Stratum Lucidum layer. These cells are cuboidal in shape. They are found 3. Stratum Granulosum in the salivary glands, kidney tubules, sweat glands, etc. 4. Stratum Spinosum Their main function includes absorption, secretion, and 5. Stratum Basale excretion. 29. ............types of tissue make up the gland. (a) Nerve (b) Epithelial (ii) Plant Tissue (c) Muscle (d) Connective RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III) 34. Which part of the plant is responsible for Ans. (b) Epithelial tissues are responsible for gland transporting water from the roots of the plant to the rest of the plant? formation. (a) Collenchyma (b) Phloem tissue 30. Histamine-secreting cells are found in ……. (c) Parenchyma (d) Xylem tissue (a) Connective tissues RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (b) Lungs Ans. (d) Xylem tissue of the plant is responsible for (c) Nervous tissues transporting water from the roots of the plant to the rest (d) Muscle tissues of the plant. Xylem tissue consists of a variety of RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-II) specialized, water conducting cells known as tracheids. Ans. (a) Histamine-secreting cells are found in 35. Parenchyma and collenchyma are the types of connective tissues. The main component in the _____tissues. connective tissues of human is a protein called collagen. (a) Vascular (b) Mechanical This connective tissue usually consists of the fibrous (c) Simple permanent (d) Nervous lobes (which give rise to the fibres), the macrophage RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist and the mast cells that secrete histamine. Ans. (c) Simple permanent tissues are composed of 31. Areolar tissues acts as a filler tissue between cells which are structurally and functionally similar. ……… . These tissues are made up of one type of cells. A few (a) Skin and muscles layers of cells beneath the epidermis are generally (b) Skin and bones simple permanent tissue. Simple tissues are of three (c) Blood and skin types, namely parenchyma, collenchyma and (d) Bones and muscles sclerenchyma. RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) Parenchyma – They are living cells, soft in nature due to the presence of thin-walled cells. Ans. (a) Areolar tissues are found in the skin that binds Collenchyma – These are characterized by uneven the outer layers of the skin to the muscles.They are also thick-walled living cells. found in or around mucous membranes, around blood Sclerenchyma – They have cells with thickened vessels, nerves, and the organs of the body. Areolar lignified walls, providing them strength and making tissues are found more than other connective tissue in them waterproof. body. Areolar tissues are a type of loose connective 36. Which of the following statements about plant tissues. They help in holding the organs in place and tissue is INCORRECT? attaches the epithelial tissues to other underlying (a) Xylem transports water and minerals. tissues. (b) Xylem and phloem are complex tissues. 32. Which of following is red connective tissue? (c) Phloem transports food from leaves to other (a) Plasma parts of the plant. (b) White blood cells (d) Materials can move in both directions in (c) Blood xylem. (d) Red blood cells RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (d) Xylem (plant vascular tissue) conveys water Ans. (c) Blood is a fluid connective tissue. Blood is and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the formed in red bone morrow in adult human and spleen plant and also provides physical support. The phloem is the center of blood formation in fetus stage in human. carries food downward from the leaves to the root. The pH value of blood is 7.4 (slightly alkaline). Blood Xylem and phloem are complex tissues. is an opaque red fluid, freely flowing but denser and 37. ............. tissues form vascular pools. more viscous than water. (a) Xylem and Collenchyma 33. .......... tissue forms the glands. (b) Xylem and Parenchyma (a) Muscle (b) Epithelial (c) Xylem and Phloem (c) Connective (d) Nerve (d) Xylem and Sclerenchyma RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) Epithelial tissues form the glands. It is a group Ans. (c) The group of cells in which all cells are similar of gland cells that secretes and synthesizes the in size, shape, function, origin, is called tissue. Xylem hormones and proteins necessary for the growth of the and phloem is a group of tissue cells in which more than body. one type of cell acts as a vascular pool (like a unit). 38. In addition of––––––––––––, Phloem is made 42. The cells of ……… are thick at the corners up of all the following substances: irregularly. (a) Sieve tubes (b) Phloem vessels (a) Collenchyma (b) Aerenchyma (c) Companion cells (d) Phloem filaments (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Parenchyma RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) : Phloem is a vascular tissue found in plants, second vascular tissue is the xylem. Phloem is a RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II) complex permanent tissue that is found inside the Ans : (a) Collenchyma tissue is composed of elongated vascular bundle. It is made up of four types of cells - living cells of uneven primary thick walls, which (1) Sieve tubes (2) Companion cells possess hemicellulose, cellulose, and pectic materials, (3) Phloem parenchyma (4) Phloem fibres. so their corners are thick. They do not have an 39. Which permanent tissue makes a plant hard extracellular space. It provides support, structure, and stiff? mechanical strength, and flexibility to the petiole, leaf (a) Collenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma veins, and stem of young plants, allowing for easy (c) Parenchyma (c) Aerenchyma bending without breakage. These cells are often found RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I) under the epidermis, or the outer layer of cells in young Ans. (b) Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue. stems and in leaf veins. This tissue makes plants hard and stiff. 1. Collenchyma, like parenchyma, lack secondary cell 43. Sieve tubes and companion cells are mainly walls but have thicker primary cell walls than responsible for the transportation of: parenchyma. They are long and thin cells that retain the (a) Water to leaf ability to stretch and elongate; this feature helps them (b) Food to human body provide structural support in growing regions of the (c) Food to plants shoot system. They are highly abundant in elongating (d) Sunlight to plant/tree stems. The “stringy” bits of celery are primarily RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III) collenchyma cells. 2. Parenchyma is simple permanent tissue. Ans. (c) Sieve tubes and companion cells are mainly Parenchyma cells contain a nucleus and dense responsible for the transportation of food to plants. cytoplasm with several small vacuoles. It protects plants Through these, carbohydrates are transported as epidermis. throughout the plant. 3. Aquatic plants have cavities to float, which are 44. The cell walls of sclerenchyma are thick due to found in the middle of Parenchyma. This type of the deposition of ……………. parenchyma is called Aerenchyma. (a) Lignin (b) Cuticle 40. Which of the following is not a function of (c) Pectin (d) Suberin epidermis of plants? (a) Providing protection. RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Formation of insulation stationary air layer Ans. (a) Due to lignin deposition, the cell walls of the with the help of hair. sclerenchyma are thick. Lignin is a natural dark yellow (c) Regulation of transpiration. polymer. It is practically insoluble in water and organic (d) Performing photosynthesis. solvent. Its properties reduce water permeability of the RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II) cell wall in plants. Ans : (d) The main function of the epidermis to protect 45. Which of the following is found at the top of the plant from drying (loss of water from the plant the stem and roots? body) and infection. The leaves have stomata located in (a) Apical meristem (b) Parenchyma the outer skin and bark that help in the exchange of gases and the action of transpiration. Photosynthesis in (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Lateral meristem plants occurs by green leaves in the presence of the RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I) sunlight. Ans. (a) The apical meristem is the growth region in 41. What is the process of adopting a permanent plants found within the root tips and the tips of the new structure, shape and action to form permanent shoots and leaves. This apical meristem is responsible tissues? for creating cells and growth to drive the plant into the (a) Differentiation (b) Integration light and air, where it can photosynthesize and (c) Decomposition (d) Mitigation exchange gases. RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III) 46. Which of the following tissues has hard cell Ans: (a) The process of adopting a permanent structure, wall? shape and action to form permanent tissue is called (a) Aerenchyma (b) Parenchyma differentiation. The body of an organism grows through (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma continuous differentiation process. RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (c) Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue. Ans : (b) Xylem tissue is found in the root, stem and Sclerenchyma are found mainly in the cortex of stems leaves of plants. It is also called vascular tissue. It is and in leaves. Mature cells of this tissue are generally made up of four different types of elements. These are - dead and have thick walls containing lignin. The major (a) Tracheids, (b) Vessels, (c) Xylem parenchyma and function of sclerenchyma is to provide structural (d) Xylem fibres support to plants. (a) Tracheids - They carry water from root to leaf through stem. 47. The walls of sclerenchyma cells are thick due to (b) Vessels - They carry water and mineral salts from .......... . the root of plants to the leaf. (a) Pectin (b) Lignin (c) Xylem fibres- They mainly provide mechanical (c) Hemi-cellulose (d) Cellulose support to plants. RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II) (d) Xylem parenchyma- Radial conduction of water Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. takes place by xylem parenchymatous cell. 48. Which of the following plant tissues is not 53. Which of these cells transport water from roots simple permanent tissue? to other parts of plants? (a) Parenchyma (b) Xylem (a) Phloem (b) Vessel (c) Collenchyma (d) Sclerenchyma (c) Sieve tubes (d) Xylem RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (b) Xylem is a complex permanent tissue. It is a 54. Which of the following tissues has the largest vascular tissue that is found inside the vascular bundle. intercellular space? This tissue transports water in plants. It is notable that (a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma phloem is another vascular tissue that carries function of (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Xylem transporting food from the leaves of plants to different RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II) parts. Ans. (a) The total cells of parenchyma are isodiametric 49. Which part of the plant enables the transport or polyhedral in shape. They may be polygonal, oval, of water and minerals? round or elongated and these cells are tightly packed or may have small intercellular space. (a) Stem (b) Root (c) Xylem (d) Stalk 55. The………. tissue is the only plant tissue that produces new cells by cell division. RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma Ans. (c) Xylem is a vascular tissue found in plants that (c) Meristematic (d) Xylem enables the transportation of water and minerals in RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) plants. The other vascular tissue is phloem. The process Ans: (c) The meristematic tissue is the only plant tissue of aspiration takes place within the xylem tissue. In that produces new cells by cell division. Apical addition to the circulation of water and minerals, the meristem and intercalary meristem increase the height xylem vessels strengthen the stem and keep it upward. of the plant. 50. Which of the following tissues is mainly 56. Tissues present around the edges in a lateral composed of dead cells? manner and giving rise to growth in the girth (a) Xylem (b) Parenchyma of the stem is called: (c) Collenchyma (d) Aerenchyma (a) Lateral meristematic tissue RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-III) (b) Cambium Ans: (a) Xylem tissue is mainly composed of dead (c) Apical meristematic tissue cells. It is a vascular tissue. Its function is to transport (d) Vertical meristematic tissue water and minerals absorbed by the roots to different RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II) parts of the plants. Ans. (a) Lateral meristematic tissue is found in the lateral position of various parts in the plant. They are 51. Which tissue in a plant carries water? cylindrical, due to which the thickness of the plants (a) Chlorophyll (b) Xylem increase. It is called secondary growth. (c) Phloem (d) Stomata These are of two types: RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) 1. Primary lateral meristematic Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. 2. Secondary lateral meristematic 52. Which of the following is related to the 57. Which of the following tissues circulates carrying of water in plants? dissolved salt and water from the roots? (a) Bark (b) Xylem (a) Ground tissue (b) Xylem (c) Epidermis (d) Cambium (c) Phloem (d) Cambium RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) Xylem complex tissues are consist of more 62. What causes the stem or root circle of a plant than one type of cell. All cells perform a common to grow: function together. Xylem carries water and dissolved (a) Lateral meristem salts, while phloem circulates food made by leaves. (b) Intercalary meristem (c) Extra meristem 58. Cells of ……….. tissue make division to form (d) Apical meristem different types of permanent tissue. RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II) (a) Collenchyma (b) Parenchyma Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Meristem (d) Sclerenchyma 63. The stem or root rings increases due to RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I) ................ . Ans. (c) Growth in plants occurs in certain parts due to (a) Calary meristem the meristem found in those parts. The cells of the (b) Lateral meristem meristem divide and form different types of permanent (c) Apical meristem tissues. There are three types of permanent tissue - (1) (d) Intercalary meristem simple permanent tissue (2) complex permanent tissue RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II) (3) specific tissue Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 59. The cells of the collenchyma tissue become 64. The apical meristem is found at the apex thicker at the corners than –––––––––. (growing tips) of the ………. (a) Pectin and chitin (a) Stem and roots (b) Branch and roots (b) Suberin and cellulose (c) Leaf and root (d) Root (c) Cellulose and pectin RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Lignin and cutin Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I) 65. Primary growth in plants occurs by: Ans. (c) Collenchyma is a simple permanent plant A. Vertical meristem B. Lateral meristem tissue. Their cell walls are made up of pectin and C. Intercalary meristem D. Apical meristem cellulose. Collenchyma is found in the marginal regions (a) A, B, C and D (b) C and D of leaves and stems and offers flexibility with the (c) B, C and D (d) A, B and D structural framework and mechanical support in plants. RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I) The cells of this tissue are long and irregularly Ans : (b) Growth in plants is mainly limited to specific thickened by cellulose and pectin at the corners of areas with active cell division. This region is called different parts of the plant (stems, branches). meristem. Different types of meristems in plants occur 60. Which tissue is found in the root tip or shoot at the root and the apex of the stem. These make tip? primary tissue. These are called apical meristem. When (a) Sieve tube (b) Sclerenchyma the meristem is present between permanent tissues, it is (c) Phloem tissue (d) Meristem tissue called the intercalary meristem. Both intercalary RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I) meristem and apical meristem are responsible for the Ans. (d) Meristematic tissue contains undifferentiated primary growth of plant. cells which are the building blocks of the specialized 66. Areolar tissue fills ........... space of organs, plant structures. The cells of the meristematic tissue supports ............ organs and repairs tissues. divide actively to form specialized structures such as (a) inside; internal (b) outside; external buds of leaves and flowers, tips of roots and shoots, etc. (c) outside; internal (d) inside; external These cells help to increase the length and girth of the RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I) plant. On the basis of position, Meristematic tissue is of Ans. (a) Areolar tissue fills the space inside organs, three types: supports internal organs and repairs tissues. Areolar tissues 1. Apical Meristem: These are present at the tips of classify under actual connective tissue. These tissues bring the roots and shoots and help to increase the height strength and flexibility to the soft parts of plants. of the plants. 67. In which of the following tissue, cells are alive, 2. Lateral Meristem: It is located in the stems and elongated and irregular at the corners? roots on the lateral side.It increases the thickness of (a) Parenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma the plant. (c) Aerenchyma (d) Collenchyma 3. Intercalary Meristem: It is located in the leaves RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I) and internodes at the intercalary position. They help Ans : (d): Collenchyma, in plants, support tissue of to increase the length of the internode. living elongated cells with irregular cell walls. 61. The girth of root and stem rings increase due Collenchyma cells have thick deposits of cellulose in to ………. . their cell walls. Collenchyma cells may be shaped, (a) Parenchyma (b) Lateral meristem elliptical, spherical or multicellular. They do not have (c) Intercalary meristem (d) Apical meristem intercellular space. It provides mechanical support to RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II) the growing parts of the plant such as newly stems and Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. leaf petiole. 68. Which of the following plant tissues is capable 74. Intercalary meristem is found: of cell division? (a) At the growing tips of stems. (a) Parenchyma (b) Xylem (b) At the growing tips of roots. (c) At the base of the leaves. (c) Meristem (d) Sclerenchyma (d) At the growing tips of leaves. RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III) Ans. (c) In monocots, the intercalary meristems are Ans. (c) Meristematic tissues have the capacity for cell present at the base of the leaf primordium. It allows the division. They are mainly found in growing parts of petiole to extend the leaves above the water surface. plants. This includes groups of cells in which cells are This increase in the length of the petiole due to the either dividing or had been divided or have the ability to activity of the intercalary meristems. divide. Continuous division of meristematic tissue leads 75. Meristematic tissue take up a specific role and to growth in plants. lose their ability to divide and then form a ……... . 69. Which of the following permanent tissues cells (a) Permanent tissue (b) Companion cells are dead? (c) Sieve tube cell (d) RBC (a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Aerenchyma Ans : (a) Meristematic tissues are the group of tissues RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) with the ability of undifferentiated division. Their cells Ans: (c) Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue. It are iso-diametric, their shape is rectangular or makes the plants hard and strong. The cells of this tissue multifaceted. They lose their dividing ability and form are dead because they have cellulose, hemicellulose, permanent tissue. and lignin deposits on their edges. This tissue is present 76. What is the name of the tissue in plants that near vascular bundle in stem, in the veins of the leaves carries water and minerals from the roots to and in the hard covering of seeds and fruits. Example – other parts of the plant? (a) Cambium (b) Xylem Coconut fibrous husk (pericarp). (c) Meristematic tissue (d) Phloem 70. ...............cells are dead. RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Aerenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma Ans. (b) Tissues that carry water, mineral salts and (c) Collenchyma (d) Parenchyma food to different parts of plants are called vascular RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III) tissues which are of two types: Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question. 1. Xylem:- This tissue is found in root, stem and 71. ............ of plant tissue does not bear living leaves of plants. Water and minerals are supplied from roots to various parts of the plant. protoplasm at maturity. 2. Phloem:- Like Xylem, it is also found in root, stem (a) Bronchiole (b) Vertebral tissue and leaves. It carries the food produced by the (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma leaves to different parts of the plants. RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II) 77. Which of the following tissue -pairs constitute a Ans. (c) See the explanation of above question. vascular bundle? 72. ............... tissue is composed of dead cells. (a) Parenchyma and Collenchyma tissue (a) Sclerenchyma (b) Aerenchyma (b) Xylem and Phloem (c) Collenchyma (d) Parenchyma (c) Sclerenchyma and Phloem RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Sclerenchyma and Xylem Ans. (a) see the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I) 73. Which of the following is not a simple Ans. (b) Xylem and phloem together form the vascular permanent tissue? bundle. Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma (a) Xylem (b) Parenchyma are simple permanent tissues. (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma 78. .............. is a complex permanent tissue. RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III) (a) Xylem (b) Parenchyma Ans : (a) Xylem and phloem are complex tissues. (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma Groups of different types of cells that perform the same RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III) type of specialized function are called complex tissues. Ans. (a) Xylem is a complex permanent tissue. There This tissue is found in the root, stem and leaves of are two types of permanent tissue - 1. Simple permanent plants. It is also called vascular tissue. Xylem transports tissue, 2. Complex permanent tissue water to various parts of plants. Phloem carries food 1. Simple Permanent Tissue:- They are made up of uniform cells. These are of three types - produced by the leaves to different parts of the plants. (a) Parenchyma Xylem and phloem together form the vascular bundle. Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma are (b) Collenchyma simple permanent tissues. (c) Sclerenchyma 79. ..........is not simple permanent tissue. Ans. (b) : The parenchyma is a living simple, (a) Sclerenchyma (b) Parenchyma permanent tissue and consists of thin cell wall, made up (c) Collenchyma (d) Xylem of cellulose. Generally a large central vacuole is found RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) in its cytoplasm. Its cells are usually isodiametric and Ans: (d) See the explanation of the above question. polyhedral in shape. These cells are tightly packed or may have large intercellular space. Chloroplast is 80. There are three types of simple permanent present in the parenchyma cells that are specified to tissues. perform photosynthesis. It usually stores water and (a) Parenchyma, Companion cell and other substances. Sclerenchyma 86. In ––––––, cells are loosely packed to provide (b) Parenchyma; Collenchyma and meristem large intercellular spaces. (c) Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma (a) Parenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma (d) Phloem, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma (c) Tracheids (d) Collenchyma RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 81. Which type of tissue has different types of cells 87. For more intracellular proliferation, …… cells performing the same function? are structured sparsely. (a) Epidermal tissue (b) Complex tissue (a) Phloem (b) Sclerenchyma (c) Meristematic tissue (d) Neural tissue (c) Collenchyma (d) Parenchyma RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) Groups of different types of cells performing Ans. (d) : Some layers of cells form the basal packing the same type of specialized function are called of tissue, called parenchyma tissue, which is a type of complex tissues. Xylem and phloem are examples of permanent tissue. It is made up of simple cells with thin complex tissue. cell walls. These cells are alive. Some parenchymal 82. From which of the substance the plant cell wall tissues contain chlorophyll due to which photosynthesis is made of? takes place. The parenchyma tissue is sparsely (a) Cellulose and Pectin (b) Only Pectin structured in its cells for large intercellular proliferation. (c) Murein (d) Chitin In aquatic plants, there are large air cavities between the RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II) cells of the parenchyma which provide buoyancy for the plants to float which is called Aerenchyma. Ans. (a) Plant cell wall is made up of cellulose and pectin. The study of a cell is called cytology. Cell wall 88. Permanent tissues are classified under …… is found only in plant cell. (a) Sclerenchyma (b) Parenchyma (c) Collenchyma (d) Meristematic 83. Phloem works in plants: RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Flow of food (b) To support stem Ans: (d) Sclerenchyma, Parenchyma and Collenchyma are types of meristematic tissue. Meristematic tissues (c) Circulation of minerals are usually found in the vegetative parts of plants. These (d) Flow of water include groups of cells that have the ability to divide. RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II) When the meristematic tissues lose their ability to Ans : (a) Phloem or bast is found in root, stem and divide, they turn into permanent tissue. leaves of plants. It carries the food prepared by the 89. The cells of –––– tissue are very active, they leaves to different parts of the plants. It is storing tissue have a dense cytoplasm, thin cell wall, central that provides mechanical storage to plants. nucleus and less vacuoles. 84. Phloem in plants is responsible for transport of (a) Meristematic (b) Collenchyma .............. . (c) Parenchyma (d) Sclerenchyma (a) Food (b) Oxygen Ans. (a) Meristematic tissues include groups of cells (c) Water (d) Minerals that have the ability to divide. They are found in RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I) growing region of plants. Meristematic cells have some Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. distinctive features:- 85. –––––– consists of relatively unspecialized cells - They are usually isodiametric and compactly with thin cell walls. arranged without leaving intercellular spaces. (a) Phloem (b) Parenchyma - Cells have dense cytoplasm, very small vacuoles, (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma thin cell wall and prominent nucleus. RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III) - Vacuoles possess cell sap and provide rigidity and RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-III) turgidity to the cell. 90. The cells of ……..tissue are differentiated to 95. Which tissue forms Coconut husk? form different type of permanent tissues. (a) Aerenchyma (b) Collenchyma (a) Collenchyma (b) Parenchyma (c) Parenchyma (d) Sclerenchyma (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Meristematic RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (d) Coconut husks are formed by Sclerenchyma Ans : (d) The cells of meristematic tissue are tissue. Sclerenchyma cells are present in roots and stems differentiated to form different types of permanent of plants. It occurs in cells by cell wall, which is tissues composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These cells provide support to the plant tissue. This tissue is 91. There are mainly two types of plant tissue –––– stiff and dead. –––– and ––––––––––– (a) Permanent tissue, complex permanent tissue 96. What type of tissue makes coconut husk? (b) Meristem tissue, simple permanent tissue (a) Collenchymatous (c) Meristem tissue, permanent tissue (b) Parenchyma (d) Simple permanent tissue, complex permanent (c) Sclerenchymatous fibre tissue (d) Phloem parenchyma RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (c) A group of cells is called tissue. Plant tissue is Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. of two types - 97. Which of the following is not a type of xylem? (1) Meristem tissue (2) Permanent tissue (a) Tracheids (b) Sieve tube Tissues that have the ability to divide are called (c) Xylem fibres (d) Vessels meristematic tissue. They are mainly found in the RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) growing parts of plants. Ans. (b) Xylem is a type of vascular tissue. Its main Permanent tissues are group of cells that lack the ability function is to absorb water and minerals and transport it to divide. Plants get mechanical support through to the leaves of plants. It consists of four major cells: permanent tissues. They are mainly found in old plants. 1. Tracheids 92. Delivers food to all parts of plants: 2. Vessels (a) Parenchyma (b) Phloem 3. Xylem Parenchyma (c) Collenchyma (d) Xylem 4. Xylem fibres RRB Group-D 01-12-2018 (Shift-II) Sieve tube is different from others. It is found in phloem. The main function of Phloem is to transport Ans : (b) Phloem is a vascular tissue found in plants. It food produced by the leaves to different parts of the serves to transport food from the leaves of the plant to plants. different parts of the plant, while xylem acts to transport 98. Which tissue helps in the transport of material water and mineral elements absorbed by the roots to the from the photosynthetic parts of plants? leaves of the plants. (a) Phloem (b) Xylem vessels 93. ................... is complex permanent tissue. (c) Ground tissue (d) Meristem tissue (a) Phloem (b) Parenchyma RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma Ans. (a) Two types of vascular tissue are found in RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I) plants one of which is xylem and the other is phloem. The Ans. (a) Complex tissue consists of more than one type basic function of Xylem tissue is to transport water and of cell and it acts as single unit. Xylem and phloem are nutrients, minerals, etc. from root to stem and leaves, while examples of complex permanent tissue. Phloem is a phloem tissue carries food (sugars) from the vascular tissue found in plants, another vascular tissue photosynthetic parts (leaves) of plants to all parts of plants. is xylem. Phloem is a complex permanent tissue found 99. Flexibility in plants is due to ……………tissue. in vascular bundle. It is made up of four types of cells. (a) Xylem (b) Sclerenchyma It serves to transport food from the leaves of the plant to (c) Collenchyma (d) Phloem different parts of the plant. RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) 94. Which of the following is an example of RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II) permanent tissue? Ans:(c): Collenchyma is a type of simple permanent (a) Blood (b) Xylem tissue that causes flexibility in plants. These plants (c) Bone (d) Skin provide mechanical support to the growing parts of RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I) plants such as dicotyledonous plants, stem,petiole. Ans. (b) Xylem is a permanent complex tissue. 100. The permanent tissue that provides flexibility Generally, the cells of permanent tissue are not in plants is called- differentiated. The tissues that are completely grown (a) Parenchyma (b) Aerenchyma and has lost the ability of division are known as (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma permanent tissues. Permanent tissue that contains RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I) different types of cells is called complex tissue. Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question. 101. The …………. tissue is composed of dead cells. (a) Parenchyma (b) Aerenchyma 4. Biomolecules (Lipids/ Proteins / (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma Nucleic Acids) RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (c) Sclerenchyma is a type of simple permanent 1. Casein is a protein found in_____ . tissue that makes plants hard and stiff. This tissue is (a) Meat (b) Carrot present in the stem, near vascular bundle, in veins of the (c) Soyabean (d) Milk leaves and in hard coat of seeds and fruits. For example: RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist coconut husk. This tissue has the following properties: Ans. (d) Casein is a protein found in milk that gives (i) The cells of this tissue are dead. milk its white color. Cow's milk consists of around 80% (ii) They are elongated and thin because the wall of casein protein. In addition to milk, casein protein is this tissue is thick due to lignin. found in yogurt, cheese, and infant formulas, as well as (iii) It strengthens parts of plant. in a variety of dietary supplements. 102. Sclerenchyma is made up of …………. . 2. Which of the following is milk protein? (a) White blood cells (WBC) (a) Glycine (b) Galactose (b) Dead cells (c) Renin (d) Casein (c) Red blood cells (RBC) RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III) (d) Complex cells Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II) 3. Which of the following elements is a versatile Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. element that forms the basis for all living 103. Epidermis of desert plants has a thick waxy organisms and many of the things we use? coating of ..................... . (a) Carbon (b) Antimony (a) Pectin (b) Cutin (c) Barium (d) Curium (c) Cellulose (d) Lignin RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 03.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (b) The epidermis of desert plants has a thick Ans. (a) Carbon is a versatile element that forms the waxy layer of cutin which reduces rate of evaporation basis for all living organism and many of living so that plants maintain their water level and do not dry organism and many of living thing we use. out. Cutin covers the outer coating of plants and works 4. Which is the most abundant element present in as water resistant. plants? 104. Tissues that help in transport of materials in (a) Iron (b) Carbon plants are called: (c) Nitrogen (d) Manganese (a) Ground tissue (b) Vascular tissue RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) (c) Dermal tissue (d) Meristem tissue Ans : (b) Carbon is most abundant element present in RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III) plants and magnesium (Mg) is found in abundance in Ans. (b) Plant tissue consists of two parts of permanent leaves. A very few elements are considered essential tissue - simple tissue and complex tissue in which simple for the growth and metabolism of plants. Those are tissue functions to produce food and provide mechanical divided into two categories: support and complex tissue contains xylem and phloem tissue, Macronutrients - This includes carbon, hydrogen, which is called vascular tissue. Their function is to circulate water and food to other parts of plants. oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulphur, potassium, calcium and magnesium. 105. The outer protective layer of a tree is: Micronutrients - This includes iron, manganese, (a) Cambium (b) Medullary rays copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, chlorine and nickel. (c) Bark (d) Sap RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 5. What is the main part of human body made up of? Ans. (c) The outer protective layer of a tree is bark. The (a) Plasma (b) Fat sap is located between cambium and heart wood. The (c) Protein (d) Water pith is located at center of tree in which food of tree is stored. RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) The main part of the human body is made up of water. 6. Which one of the following is not a macro nutrient? (a) Vitamins (b) Fat (c) Carbohydrate (d) Amino acid RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (a) Vitamins do not come under macro nutrients. Ans : (c) One mRNA is formed from base events in Nutrients can be divided into carbohydrates, proteins, protein analysis. These are the functional molecules of lipids, nucleic acids, water, minerals and vitamins in RNA in which the signal information for protein which water and mineral elements are inorganic and synthesis is transferred from genes of DNA by rest are organic. Elements that are needed to the body in 'Transcription'. The mRNA molecules were termed by very large quantity, are called macro-nutrients, such as Francois Jacob and Monad in 1961. m-RNA is known carbohydrates, proteins, lipids. Such elements which are as messenger R.N.A . required in very small amount are called micronutrients. 12. Formation of a ………….. is basic function For example: salts and vitamins. during reproduction: 7. A section of D.N.A which provides information (a) m-RNA copy (b) DNA copy for one protein is called the ... . . . … (c) RNA copy (d) I-RNA copy (a) Nucleus (b) Lysosomes RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Gene (d) Chromosome Ans : (b) The basic function is to produce a DNA copy RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I) during reproduction, while maximum number of DNA’s Ans. (c) A section of DNA that provides information is present in the nucleus, although some of DNA also for a protein is called a gene. Gene is a section or found in mitochondria and chloroplasts. In 1953, J.D. sequence of DNA which is present in the chromosome. Watson and Crick formulated double helical model of Gene is responsible for determining specific traits of an DNA. The amplification of recombinant DNA into a organism. It is passed from one generation to the next host is called DNA cloning, Gene cloning or Genetic generation. Therefore, it is also known as the unit of engineering. hereditary. Gene is transcribed into mRNA (messenger 13. Which of the following statements is/are RNA) which is then translated to form specific proteins. incorrect? So, the sequence of a gene are very unique as they A. The complete name of DNA is deoxyribo- provide information for the specific protein. nucleic acid. 8. What is the full form of DNA in biology? B. It is a chemical element present in a (a) Do not walk fast chromosome that carries genetic properties. (b) Deoxyribo nucleic acid C. DNA is a polynucleotide, the nucleotide is (c) Digital Network Architecture the basic structural unit of DNA which (d) Designated National Authority consists of two components. RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) C and B (b) A and C RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Only C (d) Only A Ans. (b) In biology, the complete form of DNA is RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III) deoxyribo nucleic acid which is made up of proteins. Ans. (c) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is present in DNA carries genetic traits from one generation to nucleus primarily and its nucleotide molecules contain another. At the time of cell division, the threads of the pentose sugars deoxyribose, nitrogenous base Adenine, chromatin are separated and converted into many shorter Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine and phosphoric acid. and thicker rod-like structures. This is called a These are the three chemical elements present in the chromosome. In the nucleus of a cell, DNA comprises a DNA chromosome that carry genetic traits. Hence, it is code carrying all the instructions that the cell needs to live. clear that the statement C is false and the statements A, 9. DNA in genetics refers to: and B are correct. (a) Dye-neuro acid 14. The process of marking a gene in a DNA (b) Daily News Analysis sequence is called……….. . (c) Detoxic neuro acids (a) Gene expression (b) Sequence assembly (d) Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (c) Annotation (d) Proteomics RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-IV) Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (c) The process of marking a gene in a DNA 10. Hair colour is determined by ……….. . sequence is called annotation. (a) Peptin (b) Melanin 15. The portion of DNA that provides protein (c) Keratin (d) Carotene information is called …………. RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Chromosome (b) Nucleolus Ans. (b) Hair colour is determined by the amount of a (c) Nucleus (d) Gene pigment called melanin in hair. RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III) 11. One …….. is produced from base events in Ans. (d) The part of DNA that provides information protein synthesis. about a protein is called a gene. A gene is a sequence of (a) DNA copy (b) RNA copy nucleotides of DNA which carried out the synthesis of (c) mRNA copy (d) DNA and RNA copies proteins from the encoded information. It is the RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I) fundamental unit of heredity. 16. ................... is a part of DNA, which provides 22. Which one of the following is a biological information for a protein. catalyst? (a) Chromosome (b) Nucleus (a) Enzymes (b) Minerals (c) Traits (d) Gene (c) Hormones (d) Radiation RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 23.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. 17. What is the complete form of RNA? Ans.(a) Enzymes are the kind of biological catalyst (a) Robert Nuclear Acid which increase the rate of biochemical processes. Enzymes (b) Retinal Nucleic Sid are proteins that help to speed up metabolism. The first (c) Ribo nucleic acid use of word 'enzyme' was made by Wilhelm Kuhne. (d) Ribo nuclear acid 23. Enzymes are basically ………. . RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Protein (b) Vitamin (c) Carbohydrate (d) Fat Ans. (c) The complete form of RNA is ribonucleic acid. RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) RNA is a polymeric molecule composed of one or more nucleotides. A nucleotide contains one nitrogenous Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. base, a ribose sugar and a phosphate radical. It contains uracil in place of pyrimidine thiamine. 5. Genetics 18. Which is the most abundant element present in the human body? 1. Which of the following sets of chromosomes (a) Carbon (b) Oxygen lead to birth of a girl child? (c) Nitrogen (d) Calcium (a) XY (b) XZ RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) YY (d) XX Ans. (b) The most abundant element present in the human body is oxygen. Six elements are found in the RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist human body in which oxygen is found in the highest Ans.(d) Out of the 46 chromosomes that make up a amount (65%). Other elements are carbon (18%), baby's genetic material, only two — one from the sperm hydrogen (10%), nitrogen (3%), calcium (2%) and one from the egg — determine the baby's sex. phosphorus (1%). Biological sex in healthy humans is determined by the presence of the sex chromosomes in the genetic code: 19. Protein is an integral part of ……….. two X chromosomes (XX) makes a girl, whereas a X (a) Antibody (b) Cell membrane and a Y chromosome (XY) makes a boy. (c) Enzymes (d) All of these RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) 2. Who is known as the 'Father of Modern Ans. (d) Protein is an integral part of antibodies, Genetics'? enzymes and cell membranes. (a) James Watson (b) Gregor Mendel 20. How much salt is present in our body? (c) Robert Brown (d) Rosalind Franklin (a) 1% (b) 2% RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) 0.4% (d) 0.6% Ans. (b) Gregor Johann Mendel was an Austrian RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist scientist of German language. He is also termed as Ans : (c) The amount of salt present in our body is 'Father of Modern Genetics'. He discovered the 0.4%. Salt is used to keep ice from melting. Sodium principles of heredity via experiments over green pea chloride is found in human tears. plant. 21. Which of the following is not a part of the 3. ............. is the branch of science that aims at molecular structure of the human body? improving the genetic quality of human (a) Hydrogen (b) Phosphorus population. (c) Carbon (d) Lead (a) Epigenetics (b) Biotechnology RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (c) Eugenics (d) Genetics Ans : (d) Lead is not part of molecular structure of the RRB NTPC 16.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist human body. At the chemical level, the human body is Ans. (c) Eugenics is the branch of science which aims an organizational and functional form of various at improving the genetic quality of human population. biochemicals, whereby the atoms of various elements Epigenetics is the branch of science in which inheritable are organized as compounds and conduct biological changes in the organisms are caused by modification of functions. Molecules combine to form cellular gene. organelles and organelles form the fundamental 4. The approach based on the idea that structural and functional unit of life. Among these 'organisms which are more distantly related elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, will accumulate a greater number of phosphorus and sulfur are the main ones. differences in their DNA' is called? (a) Molecular phylogeny 8. How many chromosomes does a cell of human (b) Morphological approach body have? (c) The DNA study (a) 46 (b) 43 (d) Metamorphosis (c) 45 (d) 44 RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans. (a) Molecular phylogeny is the technique used to Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. estimate and analyze evolutionary relationships at the 9. What are chromosomes related to? DNA level. The idea is that the organisms that are more (a) Respiration distantly related will accumulate a greater number of (b) Assimilation differences in their DNA. (c) Transmission of genetic traits 5. The laws of inheritance was discovered by: (d) Nutrition (a) Charles Darwin (b) Hugo de Vries RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) (c) Archibald Garrod (d) Gregor Mendel Ans : (c) Chromosomes are related to transmission of RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist genetic traits. Through the chromosome, the genetic Ans. (d) Inheritance can be defined as the process of how properties pass from one generation to the other i.e. the a child receives genetic information from the parent. The chromosomes are carriers of genetic properties. The whole process of heredity is dependent upon inheritance chromosome is made up of DNA and proteins. and it is the reason that the offsprings are similar to the 10. What is the name of the point at which the parents. This simply means that due to inheritance, the chromatids are attached in chromosomes? members of the same family possess similar (a) Nucleosome (b) Centromere characteristics. This understanding of inheritance was (c) Centrosome (d) Gene made possible by a scientist named Gregor Mendel, who RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III) formulated certain laws to understand inheritance known Ans. (b) A primary sequence is found in each as Mendel’s laws of inheritance. Mendel is also known as chromosome which is called a chromosomal point. In the ‘Father of Genetics’. chromosomes, chromatids bind at this point. The 6. In sexual reproduction, a parent contributes: centromere is the point of attachment of the (a) Half of genes kinetochore, a structure to which the microtubules of (b) Three fourth of genes the mitotic spindle become anchored.The chromosomes (c) All genes are divided into four types based on the kinetochore: (d) One fourth of genes Metacentric- A metacentric chromosome is a RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II) chromosome whose centromere is centrally located. As Ans: (a) The formation of offspring by sexual a result, the chromosomal arms are almost equal in reproduction involves a combination of two gametes, length. which contain a group of haploid chromosomes. The Sub-metacentric - A sub-metacentric chromosome is gametes are made up of specific diploid cells. This is a a chromosome whose centromere is located near the specific type of cell division, by which half the number middle. As a result, the chromosomal arms (i.e. p and q of chromosomes in haploid progeny cells is formed. arms) are slightly unequal in length and may also form This type of division is called meiosis. In the life cycle an L-shape. of sexually reproducing organisms, the haploid state is Acrocentric- A chromosome in which the centromere produced by meiosis and the diploid state is restored by is located quite near one end of the chromosome. fertilization. Humans normally have five pairs of acrocentric 7. The numbers of chromosomes in a normal Telocentric- A telocentric chromosome is a human body is: chromosome whose centromere is located at one end. (a) 43 (b) 44 The centromere is located very close to the end of (c) 45 (d) 46 the chromosome. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) Ans : (d). Chromosomes are filament like structure 11. Fill in the blank with the most appropriate found in the cells of all plants and animals which option: determines all the genetic traits. In fact, each species of If the genotype of a plant is ttRr, the symmetry plants and animals has a definite number of will be ………… chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, (a) Dwarf and wrinkled for a total of 46 chromosomes in which 22 pairs of (b) Tall and wrinkled chromosomes are same in male and female and (c) Dwarf and round homologous to each other in pair. They are collectively (d) Tall and round known as autosomes.The 23rd pair, the sex RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-II) chromosomes, differ between males and females. Ans. (c) Mendel observed that the phenotype of the F1 Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while heterozygous Rr is exactly the same as that of the RR males have one X and one Y chromosome.These parent. He, therefore, proposed that one of the allele of chromosomes determine sex. unidentical factors becomes dominant over each other, named the one dominant and the other recessive. Based Ans : (a) Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a on observations of dihybrid crosses (the cross of a plant total of 46 chromosomes in which 22 pairs of in two different specifics), Mendel proposed a second chromosomes are same in all. Homologous general law called "Mendel's law of independent chromosomes are similar in male and female. The assortment". This rule states that when two alleles of unequal chromosomes of the 23rd pair in a male are traits are taken in a hybrid, the symptom-disconnection called heterosomes or sex chromosomes. These are of one allele is independent of the other allele. represented by XY. In women, the chromosomes of the Therefore, if genotype of the plant is ttRr, the 23rd pair are also homologous. It is denoted as XX. phenotype will be dwarf and round. Therefore, the cells of a newborn girl have a 12. Which of the following is not a quality found in combination of 44 chromosomes + XX. pea plant? 16. Which of the following statements is true? (a) Wrinkled seed (b) Green pods (a) In grosshoppers and some other insects, the (c) Round pods (d) Round seeds male have only four sex chromosomes. RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) (b) A male individual has one X chromosome Ans : (c) Mendel considered the pea plant traits that and two Y chromosomes. were opposites completely. (c) Humans have 46 chromosomes in which 42 Symptoms Dominant Recessive (21 pairs) are autosomes. symptoms symptoms (d) In diploid organisms of separate sexes, a Seeds wrinkled round specific pair of chromosomes in each diploid Seed colour yellow green determines the sex of the individual; they are Flower colour purple white called sex chromosomes. Pod shape inflated constricted RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III) Pod colour green yellow Ans : (d) In diploid organisms of separate sexes, a Flower axial terminal specific pair of chromosomes in each diploid position determines the sex of the individual; they are called sex Height of stem tall dwarf chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in humans 13. .......... are carriers of genetic material. is 46, of which 22 chromosomes are the same in (a) Gametes (b) Genes females and males, these are called autosomes (single (c) Genetics (d) Germ cell sex chromosomes), while chromosomes of the 23rd pair RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I) are unequal in females and males. It is called heterosomes, by which sex is determined, so it is also Ans : (b) Genes are carriers of transmission of genetic called sex chromosome. The number of chromosomes is traits in all organisms. In all organisms, genetic traits 22 + XY in males and 22 + XX in chromosomes in are controlled and transmitted by genetic units. Mendel females. In grasshopper and some insects (cockroaches) called them ‘factors’, while Johannsen called them one sex chromosome is absent in the male, while the genes. same sex chromosome is found in the female. This type 14. Reproducing new plants by cells instead of of sex determination is called Protenor type or XX vegetative parts or seeds is called: female and XY male. (a) Tissue culture 17. What determines the sex of a child? (b) Regeneration (a) Chromosome (c) Multiple fission (b) Blood group of Mother (d) Binary fission (c) Rh factor of Parents RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) (d) Blood group of Father Ans : (a) Tissue culture or plant tissue culture is a RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) technique in which any plant tissue, such as root, stem, Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. flower, etc., is grown on the nutrient medium under 18. Which of the following statements is true? artificial conditions. It is based on the principle of (a) In human being, there are 43 chromosomes. totipotency. According to this theory, every cell of the Of these, 42 (21 pairs) are autosomes and 4 plant is capable of forming a complete plant. In the year (two pairs) are sex chromosomes. 1902, Haberlandt gave concept of totipotency of the (b) The term 'Genetics' was coined by J.D. cell, so he is called father of the tissue culture of plant. Watson in 1906. 15. What is the combination of chromosomes in (c) Mendel was the first scientist to visualise a the cells of a newborn girl? gene as an inheritance in 1886. (a) 44 Chromosome+ XX (d) One DNA molecule is made up of two long (b) 22 Chromosome+ XX polynucleotide strands forming a double (c) 44 Chromosome+ XY helical structure (double helix) just like spiral (d) 22 Chromosome+ XY staircase. RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (d) DNA-deoxyribonucleotide is a long polymer. Ans: (c) Gene groups of genetic traits are known as The length of DNA is generally dependent on number Genotype. The sum of an organism’s observable of nucleotides associated with it. Nucleotides have three characteristics is their phenotype. A key difference components – nitrogenous base, pentose sugars (de- between phenotype and genotype is that, whilst genotype is inherited from an organism’s parents, the oxyribose) and phosphate groups. The special features phenotype is not. For example: tall or dwarf stem is of double helical structure of DNA are: phenotype of length of plant and DD, Dd & dd are its 1. DNA is a double helix of two anti-parallel, genotype. complementary strands having a phosphate-sugar 21. Sexual reproduction include……. of……... . backbone with nitrogenous bases stacked inside. (a) Same sex, two parents 2. The nitrogenous base can be a purine such as (b) Opposite sexes, one parent adenine (A) and guanine (G) and a pyrimidine such (c) Opposite sex, two parents as cytosine (C) and thymine (T), which are linked (d) Any gender, one parent by hydrogen bonds. In polynucleotides (the linear RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II) polymers of nucleotides) the nucleotides are Ans : (c) The reproductive process is of two types connected to each other by covalent bonds known which is based on the involvement of one or two as phosphodiester bonds or phosphodiester organisms. Reproduction is called asexual reproduction linkages. when the progeny originates with or in the absence of gametes formation by a single parent. When two parents ⇒ A human has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of (of opposite sex) participate in the reproductive process sex chromosomes. and there is pairing between the male and female ⇒ The term ‘Genetics’ was coined by William gametes, it is called sexual reproduction. Bateson. 22. A female gametes contains ………… ⇒ Mendel proposed the Law of Inheritance. chromosomes. 19. Which of the following statements is/are true (a) 46 (b) 23 or false? (c) 24 (d) 48 RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-III) Statement: Ans : (b) A female gametes contains 23 chromosomes. A. The pea plant was chosen by Mendel to Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 work upon. chromosomes in which 22 pairs of chromosomes are B. Chromosome are carrier of factor. same in male and female and homologous to each other C. Forelimb of human are the organ analogus in pair. They are collectively known as autosomes.The to wings of birds. 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males (a) Only statement A is true, B and C are false. and females.These chromosomes are known as heterosomes. (b) Only statement B is true, C and A are false. 23. Unfertilized eggs of human carry: (c) Only the statements A and B are true, C is (a) XX Chromosomes false. (b) One X Chromosomes (d) Only statement C is true, B and A are false. (c) XY Chromosomes RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-III) (d) OneY Chromosomes Ans : (c) Gregor Johann Mendel is considered as Father RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II) of Modern Genetics. He set the rules of modern Ans. (b) The number of chromosomes in humans is 46 genetics by performing his experiments on pea plants. (23 pairs), out of which 22 pairs are identical which is Similarly, discovery of organism chromosomes was called homologous chromosome (autosomes) and the done by Strasburger. The chromosomes are clearly 23rd pair is different in female and male which is called visible at time of cell division. Genes present on heterosomal chromosomes (heterosomes). Sex is organism chromosomes carry the genetic traits of determined by heterosome only in humans. It is XY in males and XX in females. Unfertilized eggs and sperm organism from generation to generation, i.e, are haploid in humans. They are formed after meiosis, chromosomes are carriers of the factor. The forelimb of so the number of chromosomes in them is half of the human are not the organ analogous to wings of birds. progeny chromosomes. Therefore, unfertilized eggs of a Pea plants have 7 pairs of chromosomes, in onion 8 human have an X chromosome while an unfertilized pairs, 23 pairs in humans and 12 pairs of chromosomes sperm has an X or Y chromosome. in Frog are found. Thus, only statements A and B are 24. What type of regeneration can provide more true, statement (C) is false. diversity? 20. Gene groups of genetic traits are known as: (a) Reproduction by ovule (b) Regeneration (a) Alleles (b) Phenotype (c) Sexual (c) Genotype (d) Dominant gene (d) Budding NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (c) Sexual type of regeneration can provide more (a) Speciation (b) Pollination diversity because two participative involved in (c) Change (c) Fertilization formation of zygote, come from different parents. RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III) 25. Traits seen in generation (F1) are- Ans : (c) Changes in species may provide survival (a) Mixed traits (b) Dominant advantage or may contribute only to the genetic (c) Dominant & recessive (d) Recessive sequences. RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I) 30. The transmission of physical or mental traits Ans. (b) When hybridization takes place between two from parents to progeny is called ––––––––. pure contrast genetic traits, only dominant traits are (a) Descent (b) Transformation expressed in the offspring (plants) of first generation (F1) (c) Evolution (d) Heredity but resegregation of mutual contrast traits in standard RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II) ratio (3:1) occurs in progenies of second generation (F2). Ans. (d) The transmission of physical or mental 26. Which of the following does NOT come under qualities / traits from parents to the offspring is called Gregor Mendel's Law of Inheritance? heredity. The study of laws and mechanisms of heredity (a) Law of Segregation is called Genetics. (b) Law of Dominance 31. Which one of the following diseases is a genetic (c) Law of Independent Assortment disorder? (d) Law of Biopics (a) Thalassemia (b) Anaemia (c) Night blindness (d) Cancer RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (d) Law of Biopics does not come under Gregor Ans. (a) Thalassemia is a genetic disorder. It is a Mendel's Law of Inheritance, Mendel's Laws of genetically inherited blood disease of children. Heredity. They are usually states as: Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. (i) The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is It inherites to offsprings through parents only when both defined by a gene pair. parents are gene carriers (heterozygous). (ii) The Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for 32. The sex of progeny will be determined by the different traits are sorted separately from one inherited chromosome of ……………. . another. (a) Father (c) Nature (iii) The Law of Dominance: An organism with (c) Mother and father (d) Mother alternate forms of a gene will express the form that is RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) dominant Ans : (a) Sexual dimorphism in humans develops due 27. ........... formulated the laws of inheritance. to the variation of chromosomes of 23rd pair, hence it (a) Gregor Mendel (b) Charles Darwin is called the 'sex chromosome'. The 'Y' chromosome of (c) Stanley Miller (d) Harold Ray a male is responsible for determination of sex of fetus RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II) in human, because sperm containing Y and X Ans : (a) The traits inherit from one generation to chromosomes are generated 1: 1 ratio in male. another in organisms are called hereditary. The laws of 33. Which of the following chromosomes is/are inheritance were first given by Gregor Johann Mendel, carried by male gametes in humans? so Mendel is called the 'Father of Modern Genetics'. (a) Only X chromosome Mendel formulated his rules from experiments (b) Only Y chromosome performed on garden peas. Regarding to heredity, three (c) Both X and Y chromosomes Laws of Mendel : – (d) Either X or Y chromosome 1. Law of Dominance RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I) 2. Law of Segregation Ans : (d) The male gamete carries either X or Y 3. Law of Independent Assortment chromosomes while female gamete carries only X 28. A male of the human species gets his X chromosome. chromosomes from his / her …………. 34. Gene mutation is caused by: (a) Either mother or father (a) Reproduction (b) Mother (b) Changes in protein sequences. (c) Father (c) Changes in the sequence of nitrogenous bases. (d) Both parents (d) Secretion of hormones to enzymes. RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) : The male has the XY chromosome while the Ans : (c) Gene mutations are caused by changes in the female has XX. The mother always gives the X sequence of nitrogenous bases. chromosome when the embryo is developed as zygote 35. Dihybrid cross have ……….. pairs of and X or Y chromosome of father can be pair with it . contrasting traits. Pairs produced from The chromosome of the male is the sex determinant. contrasting traits, behave independently. The 29. ………in species can provide survival inheritance of one pair of characters is advantage or may contribute only to the independent of that of the other pair of genetic sequences- characters. (a) One (b) Three Ans : (a) According to Mendel's Law of Dominance – (c) Two (d) Eight ‘In a cross between two homozygous organisms RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I) differing in a single pair of contrasting character, the Ans : (c) Dihybrid cross have two pairs of contrasting character which is expressed in the F1 generation is traits. Pairs produced from contrasting traits, behave called dominant character and the character which is independently. The inheritance of one pair of characters not expressed is recessive character’. is independent of that of the other pair of characters. 42. Mendel's law apply only when: 36. ......... mutation is not genetic. (a) Parents are pure breeding. (a) Deletion (b) Substitution (b) Parents are codominant (c) Insertion (d) Somatic (c) Character is recessive RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) (d) Characters are linked RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (d) Mutations, at the level of DNA molecules are Ans : (a) Mendel's laws apply only when the parents genetic due to base substitutions, deletion and are pure breeding. Mendelian inheritance is a type of insertion, whereas somatic mutations are not genetic. inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by 37. If the number of chromosomes in humans is 46, Gregor Mendel. He started his crosses only with true then how many chromosomes are present in breeding plants. He only measured binary the somatic cells of humans? characteristics such as colour, shape, and position of the (a) 23 (b) 46 seed, etc. He expressed his results numerically and (c) 24 (d) 48 subjected them to statistical analysis. RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) 43. Mendel had obtained F2 generation from F1 Ans : (b) Each somatic cell, in a human, has 46 generation plants through ……..process. chromosomes, in pairs of 23. Of these, 22 chromosomes (a) Self -pollination are identical in male and female and homologous to (b) Hybrid pollination their respective pairs. These are collectively called (c) Vegetative reproduction (d) Asexual reproduction autosomes chromosomes. The chromosomes of 23rd RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II) pair are not similar in male and female, which are called as heterosomes. Ans. (a) Gregor Johann Mendel is called the Father of genetics. He used the pea plant for genetics. Mendel 38. How many chromosomes are present in human obtained F2 generation from F1 generation plants by sperm? self-pollination method. (a) 21 (b) 24 Tall Dwarf (c) 23 (d) 22 RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (c) Human sperm cells are haploid. They are formed by meiosis. The number of chromosomes in the human somatic cells is 46. Therefore, number of F1 generation after self pollination of the plant- chromosomes in human sperm is 23. 39. The number of chromosomes in the male sperm are: (a) 24 (b) 23 (c) 48 (d) 46 RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I) F2 generation genotype = 1: 2: 1 Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. F2 generation phenotype = 3: 1 40. ......... are found in the cells of the human body. 44. Which type of reproduction can bring more (a) 21 pair of chromosomes diversity? (b) 22 pair of chromosomes (a) Regeneration (b) Budding (c) 20 pair of chromosomes (c) Sexual (d) Asexual (d) 23 pair of chromosomes RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans : (c) Sexual type of reproduction can provide more diversity because two gametes involved in formation of Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. zygote ,come from different progenies. The gametes are 41. The trait that influences F1 generation and are formed by meiosis due to which more diversity can occur. visible clearly, it is . . . . . . . . . 45. .......... are carriers of genetic properties. (a) Dominant (b) Recessive (a) DNA (b) Pollen particles (c) Genetic (d) All of the above (c) Spore (b) RNA RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (a) The filamentous molecules found in 48. The F2 generation has a phenotypic ratio of chromosomes of living cells is called DNA. DNA is a …………. double helix of two anti-parallel, complementary (a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 strands having a phosphate-sugar backbone with (c) 1 : 3 : 3 : 9 (d) 1 : 2 : 5 nitrogenous bases stacked inside. There is hereditary RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II) code embedded in it. Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 46. ............. contributed to the formulation of the 49. Alleles are: principles of heredity of traits in living things. (a) Alternative form of enzymes. (a) Stanley Miller (b) J.B. S. Haldane (b) Alternative form of gene. (c) Charles Darwin (d) Gregor Mendel RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Alternative form of chromosome. (d) Form of incomplete dominance Ans. (d) Gregor Johann Mendel, Father of Genetics, contributed to the formulation of the principles of RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II) heredity of traits in living things. He first recognized Ans : (b) When two different traits are present in the dominant and recessive traits in pea plants, while same gene, they are called alleles. This is an alternative Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace proposed form of gene. the principle of 'Natural Selection' or ‘Evolution’. His 50. Who proposed ‘Law of Inheritence’? theory is also known as ‘Theory of Evolution’. Charles (a) Thomas Robert Malthus Darwin believed that nature develops through evolution. (b) John Maynard Keynes 47. .......... seeds are round and yellow in hybrid (c) Gregor Mendel cross of 556 green round and yellow wrinkled (d) Donald Bear seeds. RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) 32 (b) 108 Ans : (c) The Law of Inheritance was formulated by (c) 101 (d) 315 Gregor Johann Mendel. Gregor Mendel laid the RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III) foundation for modern genetics with his scientific Ans. (d) For the dihybrid cross, Mendel conducted a discoveries. Hence, he is known as the Father of cross of plants reproduced from round and yellow seeds Genetics. (RRYY) and green and wrinkled seeds (rryy), round 51. A collection of beliefs and practices aimed at and yellow seeds are dominant in it, i.e. 315 round improving genetic qualitative traits of human yellow seeds are highest in number in hybrid cross of population in field of genetics is known as 556 green round and yellow wrinkled seeds. Hence, the …………... . phenotype ratio of F2 generation plants is 9: 3: 3: 1. (a) Genetic engineering Suppose- (b) Cloning (c) Embryo selection (c) Eugenics RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (d) A collection of beliefs and practices aimed at improving the genetic quality of the human population, is called eugenics in the field of genetics. Genetic engineering facilitates in study and diagnosis of human pathology. Har Gobind Khorana was awarded by the Nobel Prize in 1967 for research on genetic code. 52. Who is considered the ‘Father of Modern Genetics’? (a) Charles Darwin (b) Gregor Mendel (c) Alexander Fleming (d) Otto Hahn RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (b) The traits that inherit from one generation to another in organisms are called hereditary or genetic traits. The process of passing traits from one generation to another is called heredity. The laws of inheritance were first coined by Gregor Johann Mendel, that is why Mendel is called 'Father of Modern Genetics'. Mendel formulated his laws from experiments performed on garden peas. 53. Experiments of …………...... provides us Ans : (a) The male sex chromosome consists XY group mechanism to carry the inheritance of traits of chromosome which determine and transmit genetic from one generation to next. traits. The number of chromosomes remains constant in (a) Stanley Miller (b) Darwin each species. The number of chromosomes in a human (c) Mendel (d) Harold Urey cells are 46. RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II) 57. What are commonly called Mendelian factors? (a) Centrosome (b) Gene Ans : (c) Gregor Johann Mendel first proved in 1866 as (c) DNA (d) Chromosome the result of his experiments that how traits of parents RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III) are transferred to their progeny, that's why Mendel is Ans. (b) Based on his observations, Mendel proposed considered as ‘ Father of Genetics’. that an 'object' is forwarded from parent to progeny 54. When did scientist G.J. Mendel die? through gametes to the next generations without change. (a) 1884 (b) 1874 He called it ‘factor’. Wilhelm Johannsen coined the (c) 1879 (d) 1901 word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity. RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II) In other words, a gene is a unit of heredity. Ans : (a) Gregor Johann Mendel was born in Austria on 58. Mendel selected pea plants because ––––––. 20 July 1822 AD. He gave three laws related to (a) They were cheap. (b) They were easily available. Heredity: (c) They had contrast traits. 1. Law of Dominance 2. Law of Segregation (d) All the above options 3. Law of Independent Assortment. Law of Gregor Johann Mendel related to inheritance are RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II) known as Mendelian law. He is called the father of Ans. (d) Mendel selected pea plant for his experiments genetics. Mendel selected sweet pea plants for his because the pea plant is an annual plant. It has age of 3- experiments. He died on 6 January 1884 in Berno, 7 months. Therefore, it is possible to study its many Austria. generations. Male and female reproductive organs are present on the same. Pea plants have many traits which 55. Which of the following statements is incorrect are contrast to each other. about sex determination? (a) A male has a X-chromosome and a Y- 59. Diversity is …………. . chromosome. (a) Difference between individuals of the same (b) The sex of the child is determined at the time species of fertilization when the male and female (b) Difference between offsprings of same gametes form a zygote. parents (c) A woman has two identical X-chromosomes (c) Difference between parents and progeny and XY (d) All of the above (d) Diploid organisms that have different sexes, RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I) in each diploid cell, a specific pair of Ans. (d) Difference between individuals of the same chromosomes, called sex chromosomes, species, difference between offspring of the same parent determines the sex of the individual. and difference between parents and progeny is called RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III) 'Genetic diversity'. Ans : (c) In sexual reproduction, fertilization of haploid 60. On which basis Mendel formulated purity of male and female gametes produces a diploid zygote. gametes? The zygote grows and develops into a new organism. (a) Back cross Human has 23 pairs i.e 46 chromosomes. Of these, 22 (b) Dihybrid cross pairs of chromosomes are similar in females and males (c) Test cross and are homologous to each other. The chromosomes of (d) Monohybrid cross 23rd pair are not identical in females and males. The RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II) 23rd pair of chromosomes in females is XX while males Ans : (d) When hybridization is done between two have XY. So a male has an X chromosome and a Y plants on the basis of single trait, it is called chromosome. Therefore, it is clear that a woman has monohybrid cross. Mendel selected two sub-species of two identical XX chromosomes. Women do not have pea plant in monohybrid cross which had group of XY chromosomes. contrast traits(one tall and other dwarf) and observed 56. …. group of chromosomes is present in male after cross that all plants produced by seeds are tall in sex chromosome in human. first generation (F1). A monohybrid ratio is the (a) XY (b) YY phenotypic ratio of different types of individuals (c) XX (d) XXY occurring in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross. RRB Group-D 01-12-2018 (Shift-II) The Mendelian monohybrid ratio is 3:1. 61. The number of chromosomes in a female germ 66. Regeneration means ………… . cell is- (a) Replacement of lost parts (a) 23 (b) 46 (b) Formation of body by small portion of (c) 48 (d) 24 organism. RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Formation of buds Ans : (a) The number of chromosomes in a female (d) All the above germ cell is 23. RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III) 62. ...... characters are recessive in pea plants. Ans : (b) Regeneration is one of the processes in which (a) Yellow seed (b) Round seed if an organism is cut into several pieces, each of its (c) Green pod (d) Wrinkled seed parts regrows to the original state. This process is RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II) carried out by specialized cells called stem cells. Ans : (d) Mendel, Father of Genetics , selected seven pairs of alternative inherited traits or comparative visual forms that were dominant and recessive. It is as 6. Organic Evolution follows: S.No. Traits Dominant Recessive 1. Who gave the term 'Homo sapiens'? 1. Stem height Tall Dwarf (a) Darwin (b) Miller 2. Position of Axial Terminal (c) C. Linnaeus (d) G.J. Mendel Flowers RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 3. Flower colour Purple White Ans: (c) The name "Homo Sapiens" was given in 1758 4. Shape Inflated Constricted by the Father of Modern Biological Classification 5. Pod colour Green Yellow Carolus Linnaeus. Homo sapiens, (Latin: “wise man”) 6. Colour of Yellow Green the species to which all modern human beings belong. seeds 2. A species that cannot be found after a 7. Shape of seeds Round Wrinkled prolonged search in its area of habitations is 63. Which of the following characteristics is said to be _____species. recessive in a pea plant? (a) Endangered (b) Rare (a) Green pod (b) Wrinkled seed (c) Extinct (d) Vulnerable (c) Round seed (d) Yellow seed RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (c): A species that cannot be found after a Ans. (b) : See the explanation of the above question. prolonged search in its area of habitations is said to be 64. Which of the following is found in male? extinct species. (a) Y-Chromosome The IUCN Red List Categories define the extinction (b) 2X-Chromosome risk of species assessed. Nine categories extend from (c) X - Chromosome NE (Not Evaluated) to EX (Extinct) are:- Not (d) XX Chromosome Evaluated, Data Deficient, Least Concern, Near RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically Ans : (a) The chromosome is XX in female and XY in Endangered, Extinct in the Wild and Extinct. male. Therefore, all haploid gametes produced by a 3. ____ organs are those which have the same female have the X sex chromosome while the male basic structural design and origin but have gametes have either X or Y sex chromosome. different functions. Therefore, 50 % of sperm have Y sex chromosomes and (a) Homogenous (b) Homologous 50% of sperms have X sex chromosomes. (c) Heterogeneous (d) Analogous 65. The unit of inheritance is: RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Phenotype (b) RNA Ans. (b) : The organs that perform different functions (c) Genotype (d) Gene but have the same basic structure are known as RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) Homologous organs. For example, forelimbs of humans Ans : (d) Micro structures made up of DNA present in and lizards are homologous. chromosomes that carry genetic traits and transfer them 4. The earliest members of the human species, from one generation to another are called genes. Genes Homo sapiens, can be traced back to: are the fundamental unit of inheritance, which (a) North America (b) Antarctica determines biological traits. The gene was first named (c) Asia (d) Africa by Johannsen in 1909. RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (d): The earliest members of the human species, 9. Oparin theory about the 'origin of life' is Homo sapiens (a distinct species of the hominid related to: family) can be traced back to Africa. Two lines of (a) Chemical evolution evidence suggest an African origin for hominids. First, (b) Physical evolution it is the group of African apes that are most closely (c) Biological Evolution related to hominids. Second, the earliest hominid (d) Artificial evolution fossils, which belong to the genus Australopithecus, RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II) have been found in East Africa and date back to about. Ans. (a) Oparin theory about the 'origin of life' is 5.6 million years ago. In contrast, fossils found outside related to chemical development. Africa are no older than 1.8 million years. It is likely The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis suggests that life arose that hominids migrated from East Africa to southern gradually from inorganic molecules, with “building and northern Africa, to southern and north-eastern blocks” like amino acids forming first and then Asia, and perhaps to Europe, some time between 2 and combining to make complex polymers. 1.5 million years ago. Different views of the origin of life - 5. Which one of the following factors does NOT 1. PanspermiaTheory contribute to speciation (when new species 2. Theory of Spontaneous birth develop from the existing ones)? 3. Theory of Life biogenesis (a) Divergent evolution 4. Theory of chemical evolution (b) Genetic drifting 10. Which of the following is necessary to maintain (c) Geographic isolation numbers of individuals of species and prevent (d) Variation their extinction? RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Respiration (b) Reproduction Ans. (b) Divergent evolution refers to the process by (c) Digestion (d) Diffusion which interbreeding species diverged into two or more RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II) evolutionary groups. Divergent evolution is one of the Ans. (b) Reproduction is necessary to maintain three types of evolutionary patterns the other two are numbers of individual of species and prevent their convergent and parallel. extinction. If a species is not capable of reproduction, it 6. The human species have genetic roots in: will gradually become extinct. The extinction of a (a) Australia (b) Antarctica species causes instability in ecosystem. (c) Africa (d) America 11. The primitive atmosphere was reducing because: RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Hydrogen atoms were few. Ans. (c) The human species have genetic roots in (b) Hydrogen atoms were active and in greater Africa. According to the paleontological evidence, the number. fossils of the earliest man, Homo naledi were found in (c) Oxygen atoms were more the regions of South Africa. (d) Nitrogen atoms were more. 7. Who coined the phrase 'Survival of the fittest'? RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III) (a) Charles Darwin (b) Albert Einstein Ans : (b) The primitive atmosphere was reducing (c) Herbert Spencer (d) Archimedes because hydrogen atoms were active and in greater RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist number. Reducing atmosphere is a condition in the Ans. (c) ‘The Principles of Biology’ by Herbert Spencer atmosphere in which oxidation stops due to lack of (1864), looked at biology in terms of themes, such as oxygen and oxidizing gases such as hydrogen, water function, adaptation and variation. In this book, Spencer vapour are activated. introduced the expression 'survival of the fittest', in the 12. Which of the following is more likely to have sense of 'the most appropriate to its environment'. probability of evolution of new species in 8. Kharai camels are known to mainly feed on: organisms? (a) Cactus (b) Joshua tree (a) Division of diploid cells. (c) Mangroves (d) Brittlebush (b) Fertilization (c) Budding RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (d) Regeneration Ans. (c) Kharai Camels are the unique breed of the JMRC J.E. 23.12.2012 camel found only in Kutch of Gujarat and feed on Ans. (a) As the result of mitosis, new alleles of genes mangroves on the island offshore. Kharai Camels can produce. Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome swim up to three kilometres into the sea in search of segments between non-sister chromatids during the mangroves, its primary food. Hence, Kharai camels are production of gametes.Thus, new alleles are produced also known as swimming camels. There are four areas by parental traits. The gametes produced by meiotic in Kutch where Kharai camels are primarily located – division are not similar because new alleles of genes Abdasa, Bhachau, Lakhpat, and Mundra. occur that assists evolution of life. 13. The organs that have the same basic structure 18. Which of the following is the idea that new but different functions are called: species evolved due to their defined change? (a) Fossils (b) Biogenetic law (a) Natural selection (c) Homologous organ (d) Analogous organ (b) Mutation RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III) (c) Recombination (d) Non-random mating Ans. (c) Homologous organs are the organs which have RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II) same origin but perform dissimilar functions. The Ans : (b) According to modern neo-darwinists, new homologous organs have similar origin but due to the organisms are formed after simple changes in the genes, evolution, the organism undergoes developmental changes due to which variations are increased in them. These in order to adjust in the changing environmental condition. changes are called mutation. These changes are For example, the wings of bats and the arms of primates obviously hereditary and new species are formed have evolved to form different structure but they have through selection over generations. same ancestral tetrapod structure. 19. What is the process of creating a better 14. The study of human evolution indicates that all adapted environment for organisms to survive of us belong to the single species that evolved in and have more offspring? …………. (a) Natural selection (a) West Asia (b) Central Asia (b) Mutation (c) Africa (d) America (c) Recombination RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II) (d) Non-random matting RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III) Ans.(c) The African apes and humans have essentially Ans: (a) The process of creating a better adapted the same arrangement of internal organs, share all of the environment for organisms to survive and have more same bones (though somewhat different in shape and offspring is called natural selection. Changes that allow size), lack external tails, and have several important an organism to better adapt to its environment will help blood type systems in common. it survive and have more offspring. Charles Darwin 15. The book 'Origin of Species' was written by: famously proposed the principle of natural selection to (a) Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck explain the process of evolution. In the year 1859, he (b) John Burdon Sanderson Haldane described his conclusion in a book called ‘Origin of (c) Charles Darwin Species’. (d) Carl Linnaeus 20. Who among the following is called 'Tyrant RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I) Lizard King'? Ans : (c) Charles Darwin's book 'Origin of Species', (a) Protoceratops (b) Tyrannosaurus rex published on 24 November 1859 AD, is considered as a (c) Diplodocus (d) Compsognathus fundamental scientific concept in science and the RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-I) foundation of evolutionary biology. In this book, the Ans : (b) Tyrannosaurus is a species of the extinct origin and development of organisms is explained by dinosaur, also known as the Tyrant Lizard King as it evolution. was the largest living animal on the land. Its length was 16. The most recently discovered link in human 12.80 m (42 ft). Depending on its characteristics, it was evolution is the discovery of fossils of : found till 6.7–6.55 million years ago. (a) Lucy (b) Homo naledi 21. What is the meaning of the scientific name (c) Homo sapiens (d) Australopithecine Homo sapiens of humans? RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II) (a) Erect hominid Ans : (b) The most recently discovered link in human (b) Large brend hominid evolution is discovery of Homo naledi. Scientists have (c) Bipedal hominid discovered a human-like species in caves that were (d) Wise hominid found 30 million years ago in South Africa. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) 17. During which era did dinosaurs flourish? Ans : (d): The meaning of scientific name of human (a) Proterozoic era (b) Paleozoic era (Homo sapiens) is ‘wise hominids’. Human being is (c) Cenozoic era (d) Mesozoic era named Homo sapiens based on the binomial RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) nomenclature of naming organisms. Homo sapiens is a Ans : (d) The duration of the Mesozoic era ranges from latin word where Homo means man, and sapiens 22.5 crore to 7 crore years. Reptiles were present in meaning wise. majority. Dinosaurs flourished in this era. This era is 22. What is the meaning of the scientific name divided into three periods: 'Homo sapiens'? 1. Triassic (a) Straight man (b) Tall man 2. Jurassic (c) Wise man (d) Working man 3. Cretaceous RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Dinosaurs were mainly active in the Jurassic period. Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. 23. What is the scientific name of modern man? Ans : (b) Charles Darwin is related to the theory of (a) Homo habilis evolution.The fundamental element of Darwin theory of (b) Homo erectus evolution is natural selection. Some organisms adapt (c) Homo sapiens better to survive in reverse environments. The adaption (d) Homo neanderthalensis capacity varies. RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II) 29. In the nineteenth century, …………………… Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. had proposed the theory of evolution of species 24. The earliest hominoids classified as Homo by natural selection. sapiens were ……. (a) Johann Mendel (b) Charles Darwin (a) Auguster line (b) Cro-Magnon (c) John Dalton (d) Johann Dobreiner (c) Neanderthal (d) Proconsul RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. Ans: (b) The early hominids classified as Homo 30. The Theory of Evolution was proposed by: sapiens were Cro-Magnon humans. It originated from (a) Charles Darwin (b) Charles Dickens primitive Neanderthal about 35 to 50 thousand years (c) Albert Einstein (d) Isaac Newton ago. RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) 25. Heredity of human can be traced to: RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) African origin (b) American origin Ans : (a) The theory of evolution was proposed by (c) South Asian origin (d) East Asian origin Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin explained evolution in RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) his book ‘The Origin of Species’ in English. The theory of RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III) evolution is called ‘Origin of Species by Natural Selection’ or ‘Darwinism’. Ans : (a) Modern humans (Homo sapiens) originated first in Africa continent . After this, they later reached 31. Which one of the following is not one of the other continents. Therefore, the genetics of humans can three superfamily of anthropoids? be traced to people of African origin. (a) New world monkey (b) Old world monkey (c) Hominoids (d) Anthropithecus 26. Which of the following is necessary to maintain RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist the number of species and prevent their extinction? Ans : (d) Anthropithecus is not one of the three (a) Reproduction (b) Transmission superfamily of anthropoids. The primate order is diverse, with hundreds of living species. Primates have (c) Respiration (d) Digestion traditionally been classified into two major groups on RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II) the basis of morphology: prosimians (lemurs, lorises, Ans. (a) By reproduction process any organism and tarsiers) and anthropoids (monkeys, apes, and maintains its existence on earth continuously. If an humans). Modern prosimians are smaller and more organism is unable to reproduce, then its number similar to early primates than the anthropoids are. decreases with their death and after a time when all Primate phylogeny classifies primates on the basis of organisms of concerned species die then that species their evolutionary history, according to molecular becomes extinct. similarities. 27. Evolution is defined as ………. 32. In 2015 ........ a new species of the genus Homo (a) Gene flow was discovered in the Rising Star Cave system, (b) Inheritance of acquired traits Dinaledi Chamber of the Cradle of (c) Natural selection Humankide, South Africa. (d) Genetic drift (a) Homo naledi (b) Homo erectus RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Homo habilis (d) Homo rudolphensis RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (c) The process by which any biological trait is reduced or increased in a population is called natural Ans : (a) In 2015, a new species of the genus Homo naledi was discovered in the Rising Star Cave system, selection. The theory of natural selection explains how Dinaledi Chamber of the Cradle of Humankide, South the environment affects development of species and Africa. populations so that they can select the fittest. 33. Tachyglossus is a connecting link between 28. ............is related to the theory of evolution. ………. . (a) Miller (a) Amphibians and reptiles (b) Charles Darwin (b) Birds and mammals (c) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (c) Reptiles and birds (d) Gregor Mendel (d) Reptiles and mammals RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (d) 'Tachyglossus' (Echidna) is a connective link (a) Charles Robert Darwin between reptiles and mammals. Echidna are mammals (b) H. Whittaker that lay eggs. They are classified under Phylum Chordata. (c) Mendeleev The duck billed platypus possesses the characteristics of (d) Linnaeus mammals such as hair, mammary gland, and diaphragm RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II) and the reproductive system consisting of cloaca is Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. similar to the reproductive system in reptiles, ability to 39. –––– theory of evolution tells us that how life lay eggs etc make them more close to reptiles. evolved from simple to more complex forms. 34. The basic source of biological diversity is …… (a) Lamarck (b) Darwin (c) Wallace (d) Mendel (a) Mutation RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Cosmic development Ans. (b) : See the explanation of the above question. (c) Inheritance 40. Which of the following is an egg laying (d) Enzyme mammal? RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Rabbit (b) Kangaroo Ans : (a) Mutations are considered the fundamental (c) Duck (d) Platypus source of biological diversity. A sudden change in DNA RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I) sequences of an organism is called mutation. Hugo de Ans : (d) The Platypus is an egg-laying mammal that is Vries considered the mutation to be the basis of considered to be the connective link between reptiles evolution in organisms. and mammals as platypus possesses the characteristics of 35. The study of evolution of humans indicates that mammals, such as hair, mammary gland, and diaphragm we all belong to the same species that evolved and the reproductive system consisting of cloaca is in –––––– . similar to the reproductive system in reptiles, ability to (a) Africa (b) America lay eggs etc make them more close to reptiles. (c) Central Asia (d) West Asia 41. Who suggested that life evolved from simple inorganic (abiotic) molecules? RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Murray (b) Darwin Ans. (a) The first ancestors of humans started walking (c) Haldane (d) Mendel on two legs in Africa 5 to 7 million years ago. Then RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I) some of them migrate from Africa to Asia, Europe 2 Ans. (c) Haldane suggested that life consists of simple million years ago. inorganic (abiotic) molecules. 36. ........ is a sequence of gradual changes in 42. .............provides evidence of evolutionary primitive organisms over millions of years in relationships. which the new species are produced - (a) River besin (b) Fossils (a) Analogous organ (c) Sea Bed (d) Rocks (b) Homologous organ RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Fossils Ans : (b) Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of (d) sequential Development animals, plants, and other organisms from the past.Their RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II) study is called Paleontology. Fossils are important Ans : (d) Sequential Development is a sequence of evidence for evolution because they show that life on gradual changes in primitive organisms over millions of earth was once different from life found on earth today. years in which the new species are produce. Charles Fossils show a progression of evolution. Darwin first introduced this theory in his book ‘Origin 43. According to one of the most widely accepted of Species’. theories, before the origin of life on Earth, the Earth's atmosphere consisted of a mixture of 37. To whom can you relate the theory of ………. Evolution? (a) H2,CO2.NH3 and CH4 (a) Miller (b) Darwin (b) H2S,CH4 and NH3 (c) Urey (d) Mendel (c) O2, NH3, CH4 And water vapour RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II) (d) Ozone, CH4, O2 And water vapour Ans : (b) Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882) gave the theory RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III) of evolution. According to Darwin, all organisms have Ans : (b) The atmosphere of earth before origin of life abundant progeny. Therefore, due to the large was strongly reducing (without free oxygen). Water population, every organism has to struggle vapour, methane, carbon dioxide and ammonia, etc. homogeneous, inter-caste and environmental conflicts were emitted from molten materials covering the for its needs. surface. The ultraviolet radiations of Sun also played 38. ........ is an English environmentalist, geologist crucial role in spliting the water into Hydrogen and and biologist known for his contributions to the Oxygen molecules and lightest Hydrogen (H2) become science related to evolution: free, which then took part in formation of molecules. 44. The atmosphere of the early Earth was mainly 51. Who gave the term 'Homo sapiens'? composed of: (a) C. Linnaeus (b) Darwin (a) NH3, CH4 and H2S (c) Miller (d) G.J. Mendel (b) NH3, H2S and O2 RRB NTPC 20.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) NH3, CH4 and O2 Ans.(a) The term 'Homo-sapiens' (Scientific name of (d) CH4, H2S and O2 modern Human beings) was coined by Swedish botanist RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I) and taxonomist Carolus Linnaeus. Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. Common Names Scientific Names 45. –––––– gas was not present in its free state at Human beings Homo sapiens the time when life was originated on Earth. Cat Felis catus (a) Oxygen (b) Methane Mustard Brassica campestris (c) Ammonia (d) Hydrogen Rice Oryza sativa RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II) Wheat Triticum aestivum Ans. (a) Oxygen was not present in its free state at the Mango Mangifera indica time when life was originated on Earth. 46. ……… are analogous organs. 7. Taxonomy (a) Lobster tail and Whale flukes (b) Wings of Bats and Flippers of Whales (c) The foot of Dog and Flippers of Dolphin 1. Who is called the father of taxonomy? (d) Human hands and Feet of Bull (a) Eichler RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Engler Ans : (a) Analogous organs are defined as the organs of (c) Carl Linnaeus different animals that are having different structure but (d) Bentham and Hooker perform the same functions. Example of analogous RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I) organs are wings of insect, lobster tail, fluke of whale RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I) and wings of the bird. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 47. The organs which have different basic Ans. (c) : Carolus Linnaeus, the Swedish botanical structure but are similar in appearance and taxonomist was the first person to formulate and adhere have similar functions are called- to a uniform system for defining and naming the world's (a) Biogenetic law plants and animals. Taxonomy is the study of naming, (b) Fossil comparing and sorting organisms which involve all the (c) Homologous organ plants, animals and microorganisms of the world. (d) Analogous organ Carolus Linnaeus, who gave an organism classification, named as ‘father of taxonomy’. He categorized the RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III) organism on the basis of similarities and differences. Ans: (d) See the explanation of the above question. 2. Who is the father of binomial nomenclature of 48. Which of the following scientists has suggested all species of living things? a mechanism for evolution in his book "Origin (a) Louis Pasteur (b) Carolus Linnaeus of Species"? (c) Charles Darwin (d) James Watson (a) Carl Woese (b) Ernst Haeckel RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Robert Whittaker (d) Charles Darwin Ans. (b) The Father of Binomial Nomenclature was RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II) Carolus Linnaeus. In binomial nomenclature, the first Ans. (d) Charles Darwin has suggested a mechanism word shows "genus" and the second depicts ''species". for organic evolution in his book ‘Origin of Species’. Louis Pasteur → Rabies Vaccine 49. Which one of these organs is not a vestigial Charles Darwin → Theory of Evolution organ? James Watson → Father of DNA (a) Brain (b) Wisdom tooth (c) Appendix (d) Ear muscles 3. The father of modern botany is. (a) G.J. Mendel (b) Louis Pasteur RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Carl Linnaeus (d) Edward Jenner Ans. (a) The wisdom molar, appendix and ear muscles RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist are vestigial organs in humans, while the brain is not vestigial organ in humans. Ans. (c) Carolus Linnaeus is known as the Father of Modern Botany. He was a Swedish botanist, zoologist 50. Who wrote the book ‘Origin of Species’? taxonomist and physician who formalized binomial (a) Lamarck (b) Weissman nomenclature. Louis Pasteur, a French chemist, known (c) Darwin (d) Oparin for invention of Rabies vaccine and pasteurization of RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) milk and Edward Jenner is renowned for creating small Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. pox vaccine. 4. The system of scientific naming organism was 9. Arrange the following in descending order of introduced by: the Linnaean hierarchy: (a) Angel Cabrera (a) Kingdom –Family –Genus –Species -Class- (b) George Caley Phylum -Order (b) Kingdom-Order-Species-Genus -Class- (c) Alexis Carrel Family-Phylum (d) Carolus Linnaeus (c) Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family- RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Genus-Species Ans. (d) : In 1759, Carl Von Linnaeus proposed for (d) Species-Family-Genus-Order-Class-Phylum- classifying organism. He published it in his book Kingdom 'Systema Naturae'. In this system, each species is RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II) assigned a two-part name. For this reason, the system is Ans. (c) The term ‘Taxonomy’ was first used by known as binomial nomenclature. Carolus Linnaeus is Carolus Linnaeus in his book 'Systema Naturae'. This is known as 'Father of Taxonomy'. why, Carolus Linnaeus is called the Father of Taxonomy. The basic unit of Taxonomy is species and 5. The system of scientific naming or the broadest unit is Kingdom . All the units are arranged nomenclature of organism which we used today in descending order of hierarchy which are as follows – was introduced by which of the following Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species. scientist? 10. Which of the following is the hierarchy of (a) Carolus Linnaeus zoological classification? (b) Marie Curie (a) Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Species, Genus (c) George Washington Carver (b) Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Genus, Species (d) Charles Darwin (c) Phylum, Class,Order, Family, Genus, Species (d) Phylum, Order, Family, Class, Genus, Species RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (a) : Nomenclature, in biological classification, is Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. the system of naming organisms. The species to which 11. In which Kingdom would you put an organism the organism belongs is indicated by two words, the that is unicellular, eukaryotic and genus and species names, which are latinized words photosynthetic? derived from various sources. This system, which is (a) Fungi (b) Monera called the Linnaean system of binomial nomenclature, (c) Protista (d) Plantae was established in the 1750s by Carolus Linnaeus. RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II) 6. Carolus Linnaeus is known as: Ans. (c) The organisms of Kingdom Protista are (a) Father of Taxonomy unicellular and eukaryotic in which all cell organelles (b) Father of Plant are present. The organisms of this kingdom consume (c) Father of Atom their food by photosynthesis, heterotrophism or (d) Father of Animal Science absorption. They reproduce both sexually and asexually. RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III) Organisms like Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids and Protozoan come under this kingdom. Ans: (a) The system of classification that Carl Linnaeus introduced, laid foundation of modern 12. Which of the following is the basic unit of classification system, hence he is called the Father of classification of living organisms? Modern Classification. In 1753 AD, he introduced (a) Genus (b) Order the binomial nomenclature system of organisms. (c) Species (d) Family 7. Carolus Linnaeus is regarded as the Father of : RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Embryology (b) Paleontology RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Evolution (d) Taxonomy Ans. (c) Species is the basic unit of classification. A RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) group of organisms with similar characteristics are Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. categorized into species. Species are distinguished 8. In which Kingdom would you place all based on morphological characters. organisms, which are multicellular eukaryotic • A species is a basic unit of classification and a nucleus with cell walls? taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity. (a) Protista (b) Plantae • The term taxonomy was originally coined by (c) Monera (d) Animalia Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1813. RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I) 13. What is the basic unit of classification in Ans : (b) Organisms which are multicellular well- Taxonomy? defined nucleus with cell walls are placed in Kingdom (a) Genus (b) Species Plantae. Kingdom Plantae includes algae, bryophytes, (c) Family (d) Order pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. These RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-II) plants make their food through photosynthesis. Ans: (b) See the explanation of the above question. 14. According to Whittaker's classification, (b) Kingdom- Family- Genus- Species- Class- organisms included in the ……….. kingdom do Phylum- Order not have well-defined nucleus. (c) Kingdom- Phylum- Class- Order- Family- (a) Fungi (b) Protista Genus- Species (c) Plantae (d) Monera (d) Species- Genus- Family- Order- Class- RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) Phylum- Kingdom Ans : (d) In the year 1969, biologist R.H. Whittaker RRB SSE 21.12.2014 divided all organism of the world into 5 kingdoms, Ans : (d) Swedish scientist Carolus Linnaeus is the Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. Of Father of the Binomial method. He is also known as the which, organisms of kingdom Monera are unicellular Father of Modern Taxonomy (classification). The and prokaryotic. The organisms belong to this kingdom ascending order of their classification is as follows: do not contain a true nucleus. They are single-celled Species–Genus–Family–Order–Class–Phylum–Kingdom. organisms with no true nuclear membrane. The genetic 20. Which level of classification of organisms material in these organisms is the naked circular DNA. comes between 'Family' and 'Species'? A nuclear envelope is absent. (a) Order (b) Phylum 15. Who classified all living organisms in five (c) Genus (d) Class kingdom classification? RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Aristotle (b) Whittaker Ans : (c) The technique of classifying organisms is (c) Linnaeus (d) Darwin known as Taxonomy. Taxonomy is made up of two RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III) words i.e. ‘Taxis’ means ‘arrangement’ and ‘Nomos,’ Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. means ‘method’. The principal ranks in modern use are domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, 16. In the five kingdom classification, the main and species. basis of classification is . . . . . .. . (a) Nutrition (b) Respiration 21. Which of the following is classified under (c) Excretion (d) Circulation Kingdom Animalia ? RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Protozoa (b) Metazoa (c) Choanozoa (d) Pipiens Ans : (a) Among the five kingdom systems, the main, RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist and the most basic form of classification is considered to be the classification according to the mode of Ans. (b) : All animals are member of the Kingdom nutrition. This classification is specified as ‘Kingdoms’ Animalia also called Metazoa. Amongst the five i.e. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia by R. kingdoms, the largest kingdom is the animal kingdom. H. Whittaker, who claimed that the simplest form of This kingdom does not contains prokaryotes or protists unicellular organisms depict both autotrophic and 22. Multicellular animals without cell walls can be heterotrophic mode of nutrition. placed under which of the following groups? 17. Which of the following groups is not included (a) Animalia (b) Plantae in the '5-Kingdom classification' propounded (c) Monera (d) Protista by Whittaker? RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Animalia (b) Protista Ans: (a) Multicellular organisms with no cell walls are (c) Fungi (d) Protozoa placed under kingdom Animalia . It is also called RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I) metazoa. Cell wall is found only in kingdom Plantae. Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question. Animalia is a kingdom of animals. 18. Plants are divided into five groups. Which of 23. Cavalier-Smith classified organisms into ……. the following is not one? (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 6 (a) Pteridophytes (b) Bryophytes Ans : (d) The biological classification system of life (c) Protochordata (d) Gymnosperms introduced by British zoologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist involves systematic arrangements of all life forms on Ans : (c) Plants are divided into five groups based on earth. In 1998, Cavalier-Smith classified the organisms differentiation, vascular structure and seed. These are: into 6 parts – Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperm and (1) Animalia (2) Protozoa, (3) Fungus (4) Plantae (5) Angiosperm. "Protochordata is an informal category of Chromista (6) Bacteria. organism to describe the invertebrates that are closely 24. In different hierarchies of classification, which related to vertebrates." group has the highest number of organisms 19. Select the option that shows the correct with similar traits? ascending order of the Linnaean Hierarchy. (a) Genus (b) Order (a) Kingdom- Order- Species- Genus- Class- (c) Family (d) Kingdom Family- Phylum RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans: (d) Among the various hierarchies of classification, is mammal (human) and secondary host is mosquito. ‘Kingdom’ group has the highest number of organisms Yeast is unicellular while Rhizopus is multicellular with the same traits. fungus in which asexual reproduction occurs by spore. 25. By whom was "Systema Naturae" written? Planaria is an independent, freshwater flat worm (a) John Ray (b) Aristotle which reproduce asexually by binary fission and has (c) Carolus Linnaeus (c) Haeckel capability of regeneration. RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans. (c) "Systema Naturae" was written by Carolus 8. Animal Kingdom Linnaeus in 1735. 26. Which of the following are called ‘the (i) Protista amphibians of the plant kingdom’? (a) Gymnosperm (b) Thallophytes 1. A sexual reproduction as in the case of amoeba (c) Bryophytes (d) Pteridophytes in which an animal reproduces by dividing into RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist two individuals is called: Ans. (c) Bryophytes are known as ‘the amphibians of (a) Transverse fission (b) Longitudinal fission the plant kingdom’ because they live in the soil but (c) Simple fission (d) Binary fission need water to reproduce sexually. A bryophyte is a RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist non-vascular plant that is green seedless and belongs to Ans. (d) Amoeba reproduces asexually by the process the mosses, liverworts or hornworts family. called binary fission. Binary fission occurs in single- 27. Which of the following is a kingdom that celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera, and contains unicellular organism with a Protista (Amoeba and Paramecium). In this process, the prokaryotic cell organization (having no parent organism divides into two halves, each half nuclear memberane), such as bacteria? forming an independent daughter organism. (a) Fungi (b) Monera 2. Chlamydomonas belongs to which of these (c) Protista (d) Plantae kingdoms? RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Kingdom Plantae (b) Kingdom Protista Ans. (b) : Monera is a kingdom that contains (c) Kingdom Fungi (d) Kingdom Monera unicellular organism with a prokaryotic cell RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III) organization (having no nuclear membrane), such as Ans. (b) The kingdom Protista consists mainly of bacteria. In kingdom Monera , unicellular organisms unicellular organisms and eukaryotic organisms. There such as bacteria and blue green algae(BGA) are are various types of algae, slime molds and protozoa included.They are single-celled organisms with no true etc. classified in this kingdom. Chlamydomonas, nuclear membrane (prokaryotic organisms). They Amoeba, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, Euglena and Diatom contain genetic matter, but do not have a nucleus to etc. belong to the kingdom Protista. separate it from cytoplasm. 3. …… is divided into multiple daughther cells 28. Which of the following shows multiple fission? through multiple fission simultaneously. (a) Yeast (b) Hydra (a) Planaria (b) Yeast (c) Plasmodium (d) Planaria (c) Hydra (d) Plasmodium RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (c) Plasmodium exhibits multiple fission, a type Ans. (d) Plasmodium divides into multiple daughter cells of asexual reproduction. In this type of reproduction, through multiple fission simultaneously. Plasmodium is the nucleus of the parent cell undergoes repeated a protozoan . Multiple fission is also a process of asexual divisions followed by the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm reproduction in which the parent cell divides to form many cleaves around each nucleus to form a number of new organisms. daughter cells or individuals inside a parent cell and 4. Which of the following organisms reproduce by produces many new organisms at the same time, while multiple fission? the new organisms are produced by budding in Hydra (a) Hydra (b) Planaria and Yeast. (c) Plasmodium (d) Spirogyra 29. ........... reproduces by multiple-fission. RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Yeast (b) Plasmodium Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Planaria (d) Rhizopus 5. .......... reproduces by multiple fission. RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-I) (a) Yeast (b) Hydra Ans. (b) Plasmodium is unicellular eukaryotic protozoa. (c) Planaria (d) Plasmodium It reproduces by multiple fission in which a single parent cell is divided into many daughter cells.It RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III) completes its life cycle in two vectors. Its primary host Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. 6. Reproduction occurs in ……… through binary 11. Which of the following does not belong to the fission. kingdom Monera ? (a) Planaria (b) Plasmodium (a) Bacteria (b) Diatom (c) Liver fluke (d) Amoeba (c) Cyanobacteria (d) Mycoplasma RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (d) New organism takes birth by binary fission in Ans : (b) Diatom does not belong to the kingdom unicellular animals. In binary fission, the parent cell Monera. All bacteria belong the kingdom Monera . divides itself into two equal and identical daughter cells. Archaebacteria, Eubacteria and Mycoplasma. All It is the most common form of reproduction in unicellular prokaryotes are placed in kingdom Monera. prokaryotes such as bacteria and protozoan. In irregular Diatom is unicellular eukaryote which is a member of binary fission, the cell divides at any place in protozoans the kingdom Protista, not related to kingdom Monera. like Amoeba, Paramecium. It was discoverd by August Johann Rösel von Rosenhof in the year 1755. 7. What is the process of division between two (ii) Porifera identical daughter cells of a cell? (a) Multiple fission (b) Binary fission 12. The organisms of Phylum …… are non- motile. (c) Regeneration (d) Spore formation (a) Porifera (b) Coelenterata RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Platyhelminthes (d) Nematoda RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans: (b) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (a) The organisms of Phylum Porifera are non- 8. What type of asexual reproduction occurs in motile. The word 'Porifera' is made up of two Greek Amoeba? words 'Poros' meaning 'hole' and 'Ferre' meaning (a) Spore formation 'holding'. Therefore, Porifera means ‘organism holding (b) Binary fission holes’. The body surface is perforated by numerous (c) Vegetative propagation pores, the Ostia, through which water enters the body (d) Budding and one or more large openings, the oscula by which the RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I) water exits,that is why they are known as sponge. The RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II) sponges were incorporated into animals by Robert Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question. Grant and named them 'Porifera'. 9. Which of the following is an example of a 13. Which of the following are non- motile and are unicellular organism? (a) Protozoa (b) Arthropods attached with a solid substratum? (c) Echinoderms (d) Annelids (a) Planaria (b) Sea Anemone RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Sycon (d) Ascaris Ans : (a) Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotic organisms RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III) that belong to kingdom Protista. Arthropods, Echinoderms and Annelids are multicellular eukaryotic. Ans. (c) Poriferans have a spongy appearance and are Phylum Arthopoda is the largest phylum of kingdom therefore called sponges. They are attached to the Animalia which includes insects. About two-third of the substratum in colonial state and do not move. They have species belong to Phylum Arthopoda on Earth. Phylum the ability to absorb and withhold fluids.They were Annelida consists of aquatic, terrestrial, independent initially regarded as plants due to the green colour and organisms and sometimes parasites.Earthworm belongs their symbiotic relationship with algae.The scleroblast to this phylum .Calcium-containing skeletons are found secretes spicules while spongin fibres are secreted by in animals of Phylum Echinodermata. Hence, their spongioblasts.The body surface is perforated by name is Echinodermata. They are marine animals. numerous pores, the Ostia through which water enters 10. Pseudopodia are finger-like extensions on: the body and one or more large openings, the oscula by (a) Hydra (b) Paramecium which the water exits. They reproduce asexually by (c) Amoeba (d) Earthworms budding, and fragmentation. The exchange of RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist respiratory gases and nitrogenous wastes occur by the Ans : (c) Pseudopodia are finger like extensions on process of diffusion. Sycon, Euplectella and Spongilla Amoeba. The word ''pseudopodia'' means false feet, and are examples of Phylum Porifera. they help the amoeba move forward and to ingest food. 14. ............ are devoid of respiratory, excretory An amoeba extends its pseudopodia toward a food and circulatory organs. particle and then surrounds it. An amoeba is a type of (a) Sponge (b) Tapeworm unicellular organism which has the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and refracting (c) Threadworm (d) Liver fluke Pseudopods. RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (a) Sponges are devoid of respiratory, excretory, 19. The body of ………. is made up of two layers of and circulatory organs. Sponges are sessile and cell. sedentary and grow like plants. Sponges live in an (a) Coelenterata (b) Nematoda aquatic habitat as they have to have an intimate contact (c) Annelida (d) Platyhelminthes with water. They are attached to the substratum in RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II) colonial state and do not move. They have the ability to Ans. (a) Coelenterates are the multicellular organisms.The absorb and withhold fluids. body wall is diploblastic. It is made up of two layers of 15. What is a sponge in biology? cells, namely the ectoderm and the endoderm with a non– (a) A fungus (b) A fossil cellular layer called mesoglea in between. e.g. Hydra. (c) A plant (d) An animal 20. Hydra, Starfish, Planaria are produced by RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) which of the following processes? Ans. (d) The sponge is an animal in biology. (a) Fission (b) Spore generation (c) Budding (d) Regeneration RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II) (iii) Coelenterata Ans : (d) If the living organism becomes deformed or breaks into few pieces due to some reasons, then many 16. Which of the following organisms can pieces grow and develop into a new organism. reproduce by regeneration and budding? Example: If simple beings like Hydra and Planaria are (a) Yeast (b) Plasmodium cut into many pieces, then each piece can develop into (c) Hydra (d) Planaria new organism. This is called regeneration. RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II) RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) 21. Hydra reproduces by - RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Fission (b) Multiple fission Ans : (c) (c) Budding (d) Binary fission ■ Hydra usually remains attached to submerged RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II) vegetation or with any solid object in the water of Ans. (c) Hydra reproduces by budding mainly. ponds, lakes and pits etc. It is also occasionally Respiratory, excretory and circulatory system are motile. It is the animal of Phylum Cnidaria or absent. It's length is 1 to 2 cm. Coelenterata. 22. The new organism developed by bud is –––. ■ Hydra appears tubular and flexible .The hypostome (a) Germ (b) Paramecium bears an aperture at its apex called mouth which (c) Hydra (d) Amoeba opens into the gastro vascular cavity or enteron.The hypostome is encircled by a circlet of 6-10 RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I) tentacles. Ans. (c) : See the explanation of the above question. ■ Tentacles help Hydra in locomotion and hunting. 23. Who among the following reproduce through 17. Which of the following body is made up of two budding? layers of cells? (a) Hydra (b) Euglena (a) Liver fluke (b) Planaria (c) Amoeba (d) Plasmodium (c) Tapeworm (d) Hydra RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (d): Hydra is an organism of Phylum 24. Which one of the following animals is not Coelenterata. The body of Hydra is radially triploblastic? symmetrical and diploblastic, i.e the body is made up (a) Jellyfish (b) Ascaris of two layers of cells- One layer makes up the cells (c) Earthworms (d) Planaria outside the body (ectoderm), and the other forms the RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II) inner lining of the body (endoderm). They reproduce Ans : (a) Diploblastic animals have two germinal layers sexually and asexually and have ability to regenerate. (ectoderm and endoderm) during embryonic 18. Reproduction may occur by budding in development, e.g., Poriferans. Triploblastic animals ............. . have three germinal layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and (a) Lobster (b) Starfish endoderm) during embryonic development, e.g., (c) Hydra (d) Earthworm RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) Platyhelminthes. Jellyfish and Aurellia are the members of Phylum Coelenterata which are diploblastic. Ans : (c) Budding is a type of asexual reproduction, which is most commonly associated in both Planaria, Ascaris and Earthworm are triploblastic. multicellular and unicellular organism. Reproduction 25. Which of the following animals reproduce by occurs in Hydra by budding in favourable budding and can perform regeneration? conditions.Budding in hydra involves a small bud (a) Planaria (b) Hydra which is developed from its parent hydra through the (c) Plasmodium (d) Yeast repeated mitotic division of its cells. RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) Hydra is the animal of Phylum Cnidaria. It is Ans. (a) An example of an endogenous parasite is Tape microscopic in shape. Hydra usually reproduces worm. asexually by budding, a process by which small 31. Named as................flat worm has very simple portions of the adult structure become new, but eyes that are really eye spot which detect light. genetically identical, individuals. This process is known (a) Ascaris (b) Planaria as regeneration. All known Cnidaria can reproduce (c) Liver fluke (d) Tapeworm asexually by various means, in addition to regenerating RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II) after being fragmented. Ans. (b) Planaria is flat parasitic tape worm. They have 26. Reproduction can occur through budding in ………. . bilateral symmetry and flattened dorsoventrally body. (a) Lobster (b) Starfish Planaria has very simple eyes that are really eye spot (c) Hydra (d) Earthworm (ocelli) which detect light. RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) 32. The tapeworm is related to phylum …………… Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Aschelminthes (b) Annelida 27. ...........uses regenerative cells for reproduction (c) Platyhelminthes (d) Nematoda in the process of budding. RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Yeast (b) Amoeba Ans. (c) The word ‘Platyhelminthes’ is made up of two (c) Planaria (d) Hydra Greek words; Platy = Flat, and helminthes = Worm. RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) The term Platyhelminthes means flat worm, most of Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. which are parasites. Tapeworm belongs to the phylum Platyhelminthes. They are protostomes but lack body (iv) Platyhelminthes coelom.
28. Which phylum of animals is also called (v) Aschelminthes
flatworms? (a) Coelenterate (b) Nematoda (c) Porifera (d) Platyhelminthes 33. Which of the following systems is NOT found RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III) in nematodes? Ans. (d) Animals of platyhelminthes is also called (a) Digestive system flatworms. Prominent features of Phylum (b) Excretory system Platyhelminthes are - (c) Respiratory system (1) Body is triploblastic, acoelomate, and bilaterally (d) Reproductive system symmetrical. RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (2) Their body is dorsoventrally flattened without any Ans. (c) Nematodes are the worms of the large phylum segments, this is why they are called flatworms. Nematoda, such as a roundworm or threadworm. They (3) They do not have a digestive tract but excretes by are mostly aquatic, free living or parasitic. They have the flame cells digestive system, excretory system, reproductive system (4) They are devoid of skeletons, respiratory organs, transport organs etc. but no respiratory or circulatory systems found. (5) They are hermaphrodites, i.e., both male and 34. ............. is general name of Ascaris. female organs are present in the same body. (a) Pin worm Such as Planaria, Liver fluke, Tape worm, etc. (b) Earth worm 29. Which of the following animals have very (c) Round worm simple eyes, in fact the only eye spot that (d) Tape worm recognizes light? RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Tape worm (b) Planaria Ans. (c) The round worm is general name of Ascaris. (c) Round worm (d) Ascaris Ascaris is a monogenetic parasite present in small RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III) Intestine of mammals. Ascaris lumbricoides affects Ans. (b) Planaria is a member of phylum humans and causes the disease ascariasis. Platyhelminthes (flatworm) of the fauna. This is grouped in class Turbellaria. Planarians have ocelli (eyespots) that allows the presence and intensity of light (vi) Annelida to be determined. These structures acts as photoreceptors. They move away from light. 35. ........... does not belong to class Annelida. 30. Which of the following is an example of (a) Earthworm endogenous parasite? (b) Nereis (a) Tape worm (b) body lice (c) Leech (c) Ticks (d) Hair lice (d) Ascaris RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (d) Class Annelida is also known as ring worms or segmented worms. It is a large phylum containing more (vii) Arthropoda than 1000 known species, including ring worm, earthworms, nereis, leeches, etc. They are mostly 41. Plant kingdom is divided into groups. Which of aquatic; marine or freshwater, some terrestrial, the following options is not one of them? burrowing or tubicolous, sedentary or free-living, some (a) Arthopoda (b) Thallophytes commensal and parasitic. Their circulation system is (c) Angiosperms (d) Gymnosperms closed type. Excretion is by metamerically disposed RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist coiled tubes; nephridia. Ascaris belong to class Ans : (a) Arthropoda is not related to plant kingdom. chromadorea. Arthropoda is probably the largest group of animals. 36. Leech belongs to which phylum? These animals are bilaterally symmetrical and (a) Annelida (b) Platyhelminthes segmented. Some familiar examples are prawns, (c) Mollusca (d) Protochordata butterflies, houseflies, spiders, scorpions and crabs. Biologists, such as Ernst Haeckel (1894), Robert RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Whittaker (1959) and Carl Woese (1977) have tried to Ans. (a) Annelida is the phylum that includes classify all living organisms into broad categories, earthworm and leech. Body of these organisms are called kingdom. Whittaker proposed an elaborate five metamerically segmented and hence the name Annelida. kingdom classification Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae 37. Earthworm is related to which of these animal and Animalia. species? 42. Which of the following phyla of animals have (a) Porifera (b) Annelida jointed legs? (c) Mollusca (d) Arthropoda (a) Nematode (b) Echinodermata RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) (c) Annelida (d) Arthropod Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 38. Which one of the following organisms does not Ans. (d) The word arthropod is a combination of two reproduce by budding? Greek words - arthron meaning 'joint' and pod meaning (a) Coral (b) Hydra 'foot'. All arthropods have jointed legs, claws, and body (c) Sponge (d) Annelida segments. Arthropods have segmented bodies. Each RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist body segment usually has a pair of appendages. Their body has three segments called the head, thorax, and Ans : (d) An earthworm is a segmented worm; a abdomen. terrestrial invertebrate belonging to the phylum 43. Insects breathe through: Annelida. They are the common inhabitants of moist soil and feed on organic matter. It can not reproduce (a) lungs (b) skin through budding. Coral and Hydra are members of (c) gills (d) spiracles family Cnidaria, reproduce asexually by budding. RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Sponge is member of phylum Porifera; reproduce Ans. (d) : For insects, respiration is separate from the asexually by budding or fission. Earthworm reproduces circulatory system. Oxygen and carbon dioxide gases sexually only. are exchanged through a network of tubes called trachea. Instead of nostrils, insects breathe through 39. Earthworms belong to which of the following openings in the thorax and abdomen called spiracles. phylum? (a) Arthropoda (b) Mollusca 44. The respiratory organ in a cockroach is ____ . (c) Annelida (d) Protozoa (a) Lungs (b) Gills RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) (c) Skin (d) Respiratory senses RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (c) : Earthworms belong to phylum Annelida. Ans. (d) In Cockroach, respiration occurs through Phylum Arthropoda - Cockroach, lobster, insects, spiracles respiratory sense, a small opening on the sides spiders, ants, bees, crabs, shrimps, millipedes, centipedes of its body. When air through external openings, enters etc. into its respiratory system, spiracles serve as muscular Phylum Mollusca – Snails, octopuses, squid, clams, valves paving way to the internal respiratory system. scallops, oysters, and chitons The respiratory organ of cockroach is referred to as Phylum Protozoa – Amoebozoa, Giardia lamblia, trachea. Leishmania, Plasmodium falciparum, Entamoeba 45. The correct order of the four states of lifecycle histolytica etc. of mosquitoes is: 40. Cutaneous respiration occurs in ………. (a) egg, larva, imago, pupa (a) Bird (b) Human (b) imago, egg, larva, pupa (c) Earthworm (d) Fish (c) egg, larva, pupa, imago RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) (d) egg, pupa, imago, larva Ans. (c) Cutaneous respiration occurs in Earthworm. RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) : The life cycle of a mosquito is of 21 days. 50. Which of the following organisms cannot be Within 24 hours the developed egg became larva and called a 'social insect'? then after 4-5 days it gets converted into pupa. Hence (a) Bee (b) Beetle correct order will be: (c) Termite (d) Ant Egg → Larva → Pupa → Imago RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans : (b) Beetle cannot be called social insect. Beetles 46. Organisms belonging to phylum……………. are member of phylum Arthopoda and are winged have jointed legs. insects that have tough outer wings like a shield. All (a) Porifera (b) Mollusca beetles have two sets of wings – their body is covered (c) Arthropoda (d) Annelida by a hard shell (called an elytra) that protects the thin RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) wings underneath that are used for flying. Ans. (c) Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of 51. ...............is the largest group of animals the animal kingdom. They can be found in all types of probably. habitats – land, water and soil. The body is segmented (a) Mollusca (b) Annelida into three regions – Head, Thorax and Abdomen. The (c) Echinodermata (d) Arthropoda exoskeleton is hardened and is made of chitin, which is RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II) a waterproof tough polysaccharide. They have joint Ans. (d) Arthropods have what is referred to as an open appendages for locomotion. Some arthopods have one circulatory system. Trachea, gills and book lungs act as pair of wings. respiratory organ in Arthropods. Examples- Cockroach, 47. ...................... is the largest group of animals. Lobster, Bedbug, Housefly, Mosquito etc. (a) Nematoda (b) Arthropoda 52. Which of the following is the excretory organ of (c) Annelida (d) Mollusca cockroaches and other insects? RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Antennary glands (b) Malpighian tubules RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Nephridia (d) Trachea RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 11.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) Malpighian tubules constitute the excretory organs of cockroach and other insects. Nephridia are Ans. (b) Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of found as excretory organs in earthworms. Flame cells the animal kingdom. It aptly describes the enormous are known as excretory organs of Platyhelminth. number of invertebrates included in this phylum. 53. The zoological name of the common housefly Arthropoda dominate the animal kingdom with an is: estimated 85 percent of known species included in this (a) Musca domestica (b) Triticum aestivum phylum. Their body has joint appendages which help in (c) Fannia (d) Homo sapiens locomotion. They have a chitinous exo-skeleton and RRB NTPC 07.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist head bears a pair of compound eyes. They are unisexual Ans. (a) The scientific name of the house fly is Musca and fertilization is either external or internal. They domestica. Other than this, Triticum aestivum is the contain sensory organs like hairs, antennae, simple and scientific name of wheat. Homo sapiens is the scientific compound eyes, auditory organs, and statocysts. Ex.- name of human. Cockroach, Crab, Butterfly, Lobster etc. 54. How many pair of eyes do spiders have? 48. Which of the following is the largest phylum of (a) 1 (b) 2 animal? (c) 4 (d) 8 (a) Nematoda (b) Porifera RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Arthropoda (d) Mollusca Ans : (c) 4 pairs of eyes are found in spiders, but they RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III) don't have very clear vision. Spider belongs to phylum Arthopoda. The body of a spider is divided into two Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. regions, cephalothorax and abdomen, attached by a 49. Which of the following has maximum legs? narrow pedicel. There are around 40,000 species of (a) Spider (b) Millipede spiders identified in the world and the diversity of (c) Centipede (d) Hunting moth species is truly incredible. RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 55. Which of these insects has teeth? Ans: (b) Millipedes are arthropod with thousand-legged (a) Bee invertebrates with an exoskeleton, a segmented body (b) Housefly and joint appendages. Arthropods also have a hemocoel, (c) Butterfly an open body cavity in which blood flows and bathes (d) Wasp and Bumble bee the tissues and organs. Spider belongs to phylum RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III) Arthopoda. Ans. (d) Wasps and Bumble bee have teeth. 61. What is an Abalone? (viii) Mollusca (a) A big star (b) Asmall fighter plane 56. Which of the following is not related to Phylum (c) An underground city Mollusca? (d) An edible sea snail (a) Snail (b) Antedon (c) Octopus (d) Chiton RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (d) Abalone is an edible sea snail. Snail, Pila, Ans : (b) The animals belonging to the phylum Dentalium, Octopus, Squid, Chiton etc. belong to Mollusca have soft-bodies, triploblastic and bilaterally phylum Mollusca. Molluscs are protected by shell symmetrical. The most universal feature of molluscs is usually. The scientific study of mollusca is called that they use single organ for many functions. Snail, Malacology. Octopus and Chiton belong to phylum Mollusca but Antedon belongs to phylum Echinodermata. (ix) Echinodermata 57. Which of the following animals is NOT an example of Mollusca? 62. Which group of animals are exclusively free- (a) Scolopendra (b) Unio living marine animals? (c) Octopus (d) Snail (a) Arthropoda (b) Echinodermata RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Mollusca (d) Nematoda Ans. (a) Mollusca are soft unsegmented body with a hard calcareous shell to protect the soft body. They have RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III) a muscular foot to help in locomotion and also to act as Ans. (b) Phylum echinodermata animals are a weapon in some cases, for eg - Oyster, Snail, Slug, exclusively free living marine animal.The Echinoderms Pila etc. Octopus, Snail, Unio belongs to phylum are found in sea-depths as well as in the intertidal zones. mollusca whereas Scolopendra belongs to Arthropoda. They have a star-like appearance and are spherical or 58. Which of the following organism belongs to elongated. Phylum Arthropoda, mollusca and nematoda Phylum Mollusca? organisms belong to freshwater or marine both aquatic (a) Cockroach (b) Snail habitat. (c) Earthworm (d) Starfish 63. ........... are completely free-living sea RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist organisms. Ans : (b) Snail belongs to phylum Mollusca. It is found (a) Mollusca (b) Arthropoda on the banks of ponds, lakes and rivers. Conch shell used in temple, is calcerous exoskeleton shell of snail. (c) Echinodermata (d) Nematoda Organisms - Phylum RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) Earthworm – Annelida Ans. (c) Echinodermata are exclusively marine Cockroach – Arthropoda organisms. Sea stars, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, sand Starfish - Echinodermata dollars, and brittle stars are all examples of 59. What is the colour of Octopus blood? echinoderms.Echinodermata are bilateral symmetric, (a) Red (b) Blue deuterostomic eucoelomates which have hard, spiny and (c) Pink (d) Black calcareous skin. The body surface is covered with RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist calcareous spicules. Ans : (b) Octopus belongs to Phylum Mollusca. 64. The members of phylum ...... are exclusively Octopus contains respiratory pigment Hemocyanin, due free-living marine animals. to which the colour of blood is blue. Copper metal is (a) Echinodermata (b) Arthropoda found in Hemocyanin. (c) Nematoda (d) Mollusca 60. Which of the following animals can change their sex? RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Planaria (b) Snail Ans.(a) The members of phylum Echinodermata are (c) Ascaris (d) Neris exclusively free-living marine animals and RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III) characterised by a hard, spiny covering or skin. Sea Ans : (b) Some species may change their sex . Some cucumbers are elongated, soft- bodied ehinoderms, species exhibit sequential hermaphroditism. In these while sea urchins are globular and spiny. Examples: Sea species, such as many species of coral reef fishes, sex lilies, starfishes, basket stars and serpent stars. change is a normal anatomical process. Clownfish, 65. Water vascular system is found in ––––––––––. wrasses, moray eels, gobies and other fish species are (a) Sea cucumber (b) Sea anemone known to change sex, including reproductive (c) Sea pen (d) Sea horse functions.Snail also can change its sex. RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (a) Water vascular system is found in Sea 70. Which of the following is not a vertebrate cucumber; member of phylum Echinodermata. Water organism? vascular system is salient feature of Ecinoderms due to (a) Earthworm (b) Lizard which they conduct vital activities such as respiration, (c) Fish (d) Frog locomotion etc. RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III) 66. Starfish belongs to phylum ........... . Ans. (a) Vertebrates are the animals that possess a (a) Echinodermata (b) Annelida vertebral column or notochord at any point in their (c) Porifera (d) Nematoda lives.They have vertebral column made by bones and RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) cartilages which collectively made endoskeleton.. They Ans. (a) The organisms belonging to the phylum belong to phylum Chordata. Fish, lizards, frogs, Echinodermata are exclusively marine which are spiny- humans, etc. are vertebrates. Earthworm is an skinned. Body cavity has the distinguishing water invertebrate which are classified as phylum annelida. vascular system. These unisexual organism body is 71. Which of the following statements is incorrect? divided in five armed structure and triploblastic. All Chordata …………. . Starfish is organism of phylum Echinodermata. Sea Urchin, Sea cucumber are example of phylum (a) have dorsal nerve cord. Echinodermata. (b) are diploblastic. 67. Phylum ………. are exclusively free living (c) are coelomates. marine organisms. (d) have notochord. (a) Nematoda (b) Mollusca RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Arthropoda (d) Echinodermata Ans. (b) Phylum Chordata is the most modified group RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II) of animal kingdom. This phylum has three basic Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. characteristic features– 68. ............ the only fish found in the sea is - (i) Dorsal nervous system. (a) Jelly fish (b) Silver fish (ii) Notocord. (c) Dog fish (d) Star fish (iii) Pharyngeal slits. RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III) All vertebrates are triploblastic. Ans. (d) The calcareous spiny exo-skeleton is found in 72. Which of the following is NOT a vertebrate the animals of phylum Echinodermata, hence they are class? named Echinodermata (spiny body). They all are (a) Annelida (b) Cyclostomata marine. (c) Pisces (d) Reptilia Asterias, star fish, sea urchins, sea lilies etc. are RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist members of this phylum. Jelly fish (Aurelia) is a member of the phylum Cnidaria; Silver Fish is a Ans.(a) Phylum Annelida also called segmented worm, member of the Arthropoda, Dog Fish (Scolidon) is a any member of phylum of invertebrate animals that are member of the class Chondrichthyes of phylum characterized the possession of a body cavity, movable Chordata.These are found in freshwater and marine bristles, and their body is divided into segments by both. transverse rings/annulation from which they take their name. Cyclostomata, Pisces and Reptiles are belonged to class vertebrate. (x) Chordata 73. Which of the following is not a feature of 69. Which of the following is not a characteristic vertebrates? feature of vertebrates? (a) They possess notochord at any point in their (a) Notocord (b) Radial symmetry lives. (c) Endoskeleton (d) Bilateral symmetry (b) They are asymmetric. RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II) (c) They are triploblastic. Ans. (b) The notochord, endoskeleton and bilateral (d) They are coelomate. symmetry etc. are characteristic features of vertebrates. RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III) Vertebrates are the animals that possess a vertebral Ans. (b) The three fundamental features of vertebrates column or notochord at any point in their lives. Radial are notochord, hollow dorsal nerve cord and pharyngeal symmetry is found in the class Ecinodermata in which slits. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and the body of an organism could be divided into two coelomate. Post anal tail is an extension of the body equal halves by cutting through any place passing beyond the anus. In some chordates, the tail has skeletal through the central axis. Animals belonging to phylum muscles, which help in locomotion.The heart is ventral, Echinodermata can be equally divided by cutting with a closed circulatory system. Chordates show an through specific radii. organ system level of organisation. 79. Respiration occurs by gills or lungs in animals (i) Amphibia of class………….. . (a) Pisces (b) Reptile 74. ……….. occurs in amphibians and most (c) Aves (d) Amphibian reptiles. RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Single chambered heart Ans. (d) In amphibians, gills or lungs are the organs (b) Three chambered heart that help in receiving oxygen from water. (c) Double chambered heart 80. Which of the following comes under the (d) Four chambered heart 'amphibia' class of animals? RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Toad (b) Pigeon Ans : (b) Amphibians and reptiles have three (c) Cat (d) Turtle chambered hearts, which have two atria and one RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist ventricle. Fishes have two chambered heart (one atrium and one ventricle). Similarly, crocodiles (reptiles), birds Ans. (d) Amphibia is a class in the sub-phylum and mammals have four chambered heart (two atria and Vertebrata of the Phylum Chordata, so they have all of two ventricles). the characteristics of both of these groups. Class Amphibia includes the Gymnophiona (caecilians), 75. Which of the following is also known as the Urodela (newts and salamanders) and Anura (frogs and 'tree frog'? toads). (a) Rana Tigrina (b) Toad 81. Which of the following is not an amphibian? (c) Salamander (d) Hyla (a) Hyla (b) Crocodile RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Toad (d) Salamander Ans. (d) : Hyla is known as the ‘Tree frog’. It belongs RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III) to the order Anura. Hyla is an arboreal animal. The tree Ans. (b) Hyla, Toad, Salamander proteus and Necturus frogs belong to the genus Hyla. They are mainly found etc. are amphibian animals. Their body is adapted to in Europe, Asia, Africa and across the America. They live in both water and land whereas the crocodile can change their colour from green to grey or yellow for belongs to class Reptilia. All animals of this class crawl better camouflage. on the ground, walls, trees etc., but some species also 76. Rana tigrina is the scientific name of which live in water. animal? (a) Wolf (b) Asian Frog (ii) Reptiles (c) Tiger (d) Leopard RRB NTPC 27.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 82. Class Reptilia has…………. . Ans. (b) Rana tigrina is the scientific name of Asian (a) Dry and non-glandular skin with scales. frog. (b) Glandular skin with hair. Some animal with their scientific name are as follow- (c) Dry and non-glandular skin with feathers. 1) Wolf Canis lupus (d) Dry and non-glandular skin with hair. 2) Tiger Panthera tigris RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I) 3) Leopard Panthera pardus Ans. (a) All organisms of class Reptilia crawl on the 77. Amphibians have ……………. . ground walls and trees etc. They are cold-blooded (a) Dry and non-glandular skin with scales. animal. Their skin have epidermal horny scales. Their (b) Dry and non-glandular skin with feathers. internal skeleton is made of bone. Their skin is dry (c) Glandular skin with hair. because they do not have glands. (d) Glandular skin without feathers. 83. Which class of animals have dry and non- RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II) glandular skin? Ans. (d) Amphibians falls between class pisces and (a) Amphibian (b) Mammalia reptiles. Amphibians are aquatic and terrestrial (c) Aves (d) Reptilia vertebrates. They are ectotherms. 3000 species are RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III) found in this class. They do not have scales, hair or Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. feathers on their body, but their skin is smooth due to 84. Most reptiles have a ––––––––. mucus glands. The frog is a representative organism of (a) Four-chambered heart. class Amphibia. (b) Incomplete three-chambered heart. 78. In which of the following class, animals lacks (c) Three-chambered heart scales and have mucus glands in the skin? (d) Double- chambered heart (a) Reptile (b) Fish RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Amphibians (d) Aves Ans. (c) Most reptiles have a three-chambered heart. RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II) Reptile hearts have three chambers two atria and one Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. ventricle. 85. Egg laying organisms are known as ……… . 92. Class Aves has ………………. . (a) Rhizome organism (a) Dry and non-glandular skin without hair. (b) Viviparous (b) Dry and non-glandular skin with wings. (c) Oviparous (c) Dry and non-glandular skin without wings. (d) Regenerative organisms (d) Dry and non-glandular skin with hair. RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (c) Egg-laying animals are called oviparous. All Ans : (b) Birds are warm-blooded animals.There is no the animals of this class crawl on the ground, walls and skin gland except the oil gland present in birds.Their trees, etc. that is why they are classified in class forelimbs are modified into wings. The hind limbs are Reptilia . Many types of lizards, snakes, crocodiles, adapted for walking, perching, and swimming.The heart turtles and pythons belong to this class. is four-chambered. There are epidermal scales on their 86. What kind of animals are called Oviparous? one paired legs. (a) Newborn baby (b) Newborn 93. What is the speed of Falcon bird? (c) Egg-laying (d) Starfish (a) 215 km/h (b) 105 km/h RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II) (c) 410 km/h (d) 320 km/h Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 87. Egg laying animals are called: (a) Unicellular (b) Viviparous Ans. (d) Peregrine Falcon is best known for its diving (c) Mitosis (d) Oviparous speed during flight which can reach more than 300 RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III) km/hour. Peregrine has been listed as a species of least Ans. (d) Egg laying animals are called Oviparous . concern by IUCN since 2015. 88. Youngones of crocodile is called: 94. Which is only bird that can fly backwards? (a) Codling (b) Gosling (a) Hummingbird (b) Kiwi (c) Fingerlings (d) Hatchling (c) Albatross (d) Eagle RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (d) A crocodile baby is called a hatchling. A Ans : (a) Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly codfish baby is called codling, a goose baby is called backwards and upside down , belongs to family gosling while a fish baby is called fingerling. Trochilidae(family of smallest birds) . They are the 89. Which one of the following animal is not smallest migrating bird, measuring 7.5–13 centimeters related to class Reptilia? in length and weight less than 2.5 gm, generally.With (a) Tortoise (b) Crocodile rapid metabolism, hummingbirds have a long lifespan. (c) Toad (d) Snake 95. Which of the following bird has the smallest RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-II) egg? Ans : (c) Reptiles are a group of creatures that move (a) Sparrow (b) Nightingale on the earth by crawling . Snakes, lizards, crocodiles etc (c) Martin (d) Hummingbird belong to this group. Toads are generally like frogs are RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) amphibians. Ans. (d) The hummingbird has the smallest egg. 90. Crocodiles have ............. in the heart. 96. Which of the following is a body cavity filled (a) Two chamber (b) Four chamber with air? (c) One chamber (d) Six chamber (a) Sinus (b) Bone RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Cartilage (d) Tendon Ans. (b) Crocodiles are the only reptiles which have a RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) four-chambered heart (two atrium and two ventricles) Ans. (a) Sinus is an air-filled body cavity. because of most complicated blood circulation of all 97. What is specific feature about Sword-billed vertebrates. hummingbird? (a) It is the smallest bird in the world. (iii) Aves (b) Its beak is longer than rest of its body. (c) It lives only in Antarctica. 91. Aves include: (d) It can not fly. (a) Bird (b) Aquatic RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (c) Mammals (d) Pisces Ans : (b) The sword-billed hummingbird is a RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I) neotropical species of hummingbird from the Andean Ans. (a) All the birds come in the class Aves. Members regions of South America (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, of this class exhibit one of the most beautiful and visually Peru, Venezuela). Its most prominent feature is that its stunning features such as bright and contrasting colours, beak is longer than rest of its body. unique patterns and a wide variety of striking poses . 98. Which of the following is a vertebrate? They have plumage of soft feathers on their skin. Birds (a) Kiwi (b) Sponges are warm-blooded animals. Their forelimbs are modified (c) Starfish (d) Threadworm into wings. RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (a) Kiwi is a bird found in New Zealand in which 103. Animals from class ........... are warm-blooded vertebra is found. This is the national bird of New animals. Zealand. Kiwi prefer to live in burrows they make in (a) Aves (b) Reptilia forested areas. They either make their burrows in the (c) Amphibian (d) Pisces ground between the roots of trees, or in hidden sheltered RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I) places such as hollow logs. Kiwi line their burrows with Ans. (a) Warm-blooded animals are defined as the leaves to make them more comfortable and warm. animals which can regulate and maintain constant 99. The study of birds is called__________. internal body temperature.They can survive in any (a) Herpetology temperature range as they can adapt to it easily. They (b) Ophthalmology are known as Homoiothermous. (c) Anthropology 104. Which of the following class of animals are (d) Ornithology warm blooded? RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Amphibian (b) Aves Ans. (d) The study of birds is called Ornithology. The (c) Reptilia (d) Pisces clinical study of eyes is called Ophthalmology. The RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III) study of human evolution is called Anthropology.The study of ambhibians (frogs, toads and salamanders) is Ans. (b) see the explanation of the above question. called Herpetology. 105. Which one of the following animal is warm 100. Aves has blooded? (a) Two chambered heart (a) Pigeon (b) Fish (b) Four chambered heart (c) Frog (b) Crocodile (c) Three chambered heart RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) (d) Single chambered heart Ans. (a) Warm-blooded animals are defined as the RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II) animals which can regulate and maintain constant internal body temperature. They can survive in any Ans. (b) Aves belong to the phylum Chordata of the temperature range as they can adapt to it easily. Aves, animal kingdom. It has about 9,000 species. Aves are mammals are the best examples of warm-blooded adapted to fly. All the birds come in the class Aves. animals. Cold-blooded animals can be defined as the Birds are warm-blooded animals i.e., they are able to maintain a constant body temperature. Body is boat animals which cannot regulate their internal body shaped. It is divided into head, neck, trunk and tail. A temperature with the change in the environment. They cover of soft feathers is present all over the body of all cannot survive in extreme temperature conditions. the birds, that is called "plumage". Heart is four Examples of cold-blooded animals are reptiles, fish, etc. chambered. 106. Which one of the following animals does not 101. Which of the following birds is a critically usually lay eggs in its nest? endangered species? (a) Sparrow (b) Nightingale (a) Great Indian Bustard (c) Pigeon (d) Parrot (b) Cuckoo RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II) (c) Peacock Ans. (b) Common Nightingale usually does not lay (d) Crow eggs in its nest. RRB NTPC 27.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (a) Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is a (iv) Mammalia bustard found on the Indian subcontinent. Once common on the dry plains of the Indian subcontinent, 107. Which of the following statements regarding as few as 150 individuals were estimated to survive in mammals is incorrect? 2018 and the species is critically endangered by hunting and loss of its habitat. It is protected under (a) Usually mammals have hair Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 of India. (b) To feed the children, mammary glands are 102. Name the only bird that can fly backwards. present in them (a) Penguin (b) Hummingbird (c) There are three chambers in their heart (c) Sparrow (d) Wood pecker (d) Some mammals lay eggs RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (b) Humming-bird is the only bird that can fly Ans. (c) Class Mammalia is the group of vertebrate backwards. It has unique ball and socket on its animals in which young ones are nourished with milk shoulders that makes it capable to move its wings 180º from special mammary glands of the mother. Mammals direction. have the following characteristics: 1. The presence of hair or fur. Ans : (d) Lemur is a member of the Primates group 2. Sweat glands. found only on the island of Madagascar. Of the 101 3. Glands specialized to produce milk, known as species of Lemurs, 80 percent are on the verge of mammary glands. extinction. 4. Three middle ear bones. 114. What is Vivipara? 5. A neo-cortex region in the brain, which specializes (a) Vertebrates that are born alive in seeing and hearing. (b) Type of Cactus 6. Specialized teeth. (c) Type of Algae 7. A four-chambered heart. (d) A mollusc 8. Only 2 mammal lay eggs. RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 108. Which of the following option is an example of Ans : (a) Vivipara animals are members of class marsupials? Vertebrate who give birth to fully developed offspring. (a) Kangaroo (b) Whale Mammals like humans, apes, cow and other mammals (c) Giraffe (d) Rooster are included in it. The circulatory system is fully RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist developed in vivipara. Ans : (a) Marsupial mammals are non-placental 115. Which one does not belong to the group? mammals. They belong to infraclass Metatheria or (a) Panda Global (b) Rabbit Marsupialia. Female marsupial generally posses (c) Avast (d) Kaspersky external pouch called as marsupium. Most common RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist example of marsupial mammal is Kangaroo. Other examples include Wallaby, Koala, Wombat, Bilby, etc. Ans : (b) The rabbit is a small mammal of family The young one of Kangaroo is known as Joey. Leporidae that is found in many places in the world. Rabbits live in groups in forests, grasslands, deserts and 109. One humped camel is known as: aquatic areas. Angora wool is obtained from rabbits. (a) Okapi (b) Ibex Panda Global - is a professional ESOPS organization (c) Dromedary (d) Elk based in the United States America. RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Avast - is a software company headquartered in Prague, Ans : (c) One humped camel is known as Dromedary. Czech Republic. Bactrian camels have two humps. Camel is also called Kaspersky - a Russian multi-national cyber security and ‘ships of the desert’. Camels' humps consist of stored antivirus provider company. fat, which they can metabolize when food and water is 116. Mammalian animals have ………. . scarce. It can travel for three weeks without drinking (a) One chambered heart water in sandy hot plains. It is used for riding and (b) Four chambered heart carrying luggage. (c) Two chambered heart 110. What is the sound made by Seal called? (d) Three chambered heart (a) Bark (b) Moo RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Screech (d) Growl RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) Class Mammalia animals have four chambered hearts in which two atria and two ventricles are present. Ans : (a) The sound made by the seal fish is called Blood enters the right atrium and passes through the Bark. right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps the blood to 111. Which is the largest mammal? (a) Africa Elephant the lungs where it becomes oxygenated. Oxygenated (b) Male Hippopotamus blood is brought back to the heart by the pulmonary (c) Blue Whale veins which enter the left atrium. The left ventricle (d) Male Hammerhead Shark pumps the blood to the aorta which distributes the RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist oxygenated blood to all parts of the body. Ans : (c) The largest mammal is Blue Whale. The fastest Pisces have two chambered heart (one atrium and one land animal is Cheetah. The largest land animal is Africa ventricle) while crocodile has three chambered heart elephant. The tallest animal is Giraffe. (two atria and one ventricle). 112. What is group of Dolphins called? 117. Warm-blooded organisms with four (a) Gang (b) Pod chambered heart are ………….. . (c) Colony (d) Sleuth (a) Reptiles (b) Mammals RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Pisces (d) Amphibian Ans :(b) The group of Dolphins are called Pod. Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 113. What is Lemur? 118. How many heart chambers do mammals have? (a) A bone in the human body (a) Four (b) Three (b) One type of developed cancer (c) Two (d) One (c) A simple machine (d) An animal found in Madagascar RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 119. Mammals have ……… . 124. Find a word that does not belong to this group. (a) Dry and glandular skin with wings. (a) Reindeer (b) Snake (b) Glandular skin with hair. (c) Cow (d) Elephant (c) Dry and non-glandular skin with scales. RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II) (d) Dry and non-glandular skin with wings. RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) Reindeer, Cow and Elephant all three belong Ans. (b) Mammals are a group of animals whose skin is to class Mammalia of Phylum Chordata while Snake covered with sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair belongs to class Reptilia of Phylum Chordata. follicles.They have four chambered heart. 125. Which one of the following animals can 120. Complete the following statement. produce ultrasonic sound? Monoestrous occur : (a) Elephant (b) Porpoise (a) Two eggs. (c) Shark (d) Moth (b) Twice ovulation in a day. RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Reproduction twice in a year. Ans. (b) Porpoises can produce ultrasound. Bats, mice, (d) One breeding session in a year. dolphins etc, can also produce ultrasaound. Harbour RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II) porpoises are shy, elusive sea mammals; found Ans. (d)Monoestrous organisms occur one breeding throughout the temperate coastal waters of the Northern session in a year. Such as - dog, cat, frog etc. Hemisphere. The Harbour porpoise has been assessed 121. ....... gives birth to highly underdeveloped by IUCN as ‘Critically Endangered’. offsprings- 126. Elephant, Bear, and Rhinoceros are organisms (a) Cats (b) Kangaroo of which species? (c) Bats (d) Mice (a) Aves (b) Mammal RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Amphibian (d) Snake RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) Kangaroos give birth to highly RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-III) underdeveloped offspring. Kangaroo is a mammal Ans : (b) Elephant, Bear and Rhinoceros belong to found in Australia. It is also the national animal of class Mammalia. Mammals are a group of animals that Australia. They were firstly seen by Captain James produce young ones and feed their milk. These Cook in 1770 AD and since then they introduced to organisms are vertebrate and warm blooded. world. Kangaroo are marsupial mammals i.e non- placental mammals. They belong to infraclass 127. Human belongs to the class Mammalia which Metatheria or Marsupialia. Female marsupial generally does not contain one of the following. Which posses external pouch called as marsupium. one is that? As marsupials , kangaroos have pouches (a) Rat (b) Lizard called marsupiums that provide nourishment and (c) Cat (d) Pig protection for their undeveloped young ones. Of these, RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist the largest, Red Giant Kangaroo is smaller than a horse and the smallest, Musky rat Kangaroo is smaller than a Ans:(b) Mice, cats and pigs belong to class Mammalia, rabbit. while lizards belong to class Reptilia. 122. In the context of the wildlife of India, the flying 128. .......... is the most intelligent mammal on Earth. fox is ………… . (a) Dolphin (b) Elephant (a) A stork (b) A heron (c) Deer (d) Hippos (c) An eagle (d) A bat RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (a) The most intelligent mammal on earth is Ans. (d) In the context of Indian wildlife, a flying fox Dolphin. The Ganges dolphin has been declared as the is a type of megabats without a tail, which head looks national aquatic animal of India on 05 October 2009. like a fox. Its body is 20 to 25 cms long and hair is black. It is found almost all over India. The Ganges dolphin found in the Ganges river is a blind aquatic organism. 123. Which of the following animals has the smallest intestine? 129. Which is the fastest land animal in the world? (a) Cow (b) Rabbit (a) Dog (b) Cheetah (c) Lion (d) Goat (c) Tiger d) Horse RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Carnivores have smaller intestine than Ans : (b) The fastest land animal is cheetah in the herbivores. Herbivores have longer small intestine to world. Its scientific name is Acinonyx jubatus. It can allow the cellulose to be digested completely. The cover a distance of up to 460 meters in one jump and intestine would host many small bacteria that process and breakdown cellulose into glucose. gets speed up to 103 km per hour in just 3 seconds. 130. The animals that eat both plants and animals Ans. (c) Fish have a closed circulatory system with a are called heart that pumps blood around the body in a single loop (a) Carnivores from the heart to the gills, from the gills to the rest of (b) Herbivores the body, and then back to the heart. All the above (c) Omnivores option is correct about fishes but option (c) is not (d) Neither carnivores, omnivores or herbivores correct. RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 135. Which of the following is not a characterstic of Ans. (c) Animals that eat plants are called herbivores Pisces? and animals that eat only meat are called carnivores (a) Presence of pseudocoelom whereas animals who eat both plant and meat are called (b) Endoskeleton of bone / cartilage omnivores. Some example of omnivores animals are (c) Breathing through gills crow, human beings, dogs etc. (d) Exoskeleton of scales RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II) (v) Pisces Ans : (a) Salient features of class Pisces: (i) The body is covered with thick-seated scales, 131. Fishes have ………. chambered heart. which helps by providing protection to the internal (a) Three (b) Two organelles. (c) One (d) Four (ii) They contain gills for respiration in which RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II) dissolved oxygen (O2) in water used. Ans. (b) Vertebrate fishes classified as lower vertebrate (iii) These are cold-blooded organisms and their heart is in which two chambered heart is present. Fishes are the two chambered. aquatic and cold-blooded animals with a two-chambered (iv) They lays eggs. heart. Two chambered heart has one auricle and one (v) Their internal skeleton is made of bone / cartilage ventricle is found in fishes. 136. Fill in the blank for following statement by 132. Fishes have - using correct option among given below. (a) One chambered heart (b) Two chambered heart ......... is a true fish. (c) Three chambered heart (a) Cattle fish (b) Jelly fish (d) Four chambered heart (c) Dog fish (d) Snake RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. Ans : (c) 133. Class Pisces are completely aquatic animals. Animal Name Related phylum/Class Which of the following is not a characteristic of Cattle Fish – Mollusca Pisces? Aurelia or Jelly Fish – Cnidaria (a) Their skin is covered with scales Dog Fish – Chordata (class- Chondrichthyes) (b) They are warm blooded creatures Snake – Chordata (class- Reptilia) (c) Their hearts have only two chambers 137. Which of the following is a cartilaginous fish? (d) They obtain oxygen dissolved in water by (a) Tuna (b) Shark using their gills (c) Salmon (d) Rohu RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 03.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (b) Pisces are fish. They are exclusively aquatic Ans.(b) Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish animals. Their skin is covered with scales/plates. They characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven obtain oxygen dissolved in water by using gills. The gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that body is streamlined, and a muscular tail is used for are not fused to the head. This is put in class movements. They are cold-blooded and their hearts Chondrichthyes. have only two chambers. 134. Which of the following statements is NOT 138. Which of the following organisms belongs to TRUE about fishes? class Pisces? (a) Blood is pumped through the fishes' gills and (a) Jellyfish (b) Dog fish gets oxygenated. (c) Silverfish (d) Starfish (b) Fishes have only two chambers to their RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III) hearts. Ans. (b) Dog fish is also known as Scoliodon. It (c) Fishes have double circulation. belongs to class Pisces of phylum Chordata, while the (d) Blood goes only once in one cycle through Jellyfish belongs to phylum Cnidaria, Silver Fish the heart of a fish. belongs to phylum Arthropoda and Star Fish belongs to RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist phylum Echinodermata. 139. Which of the following has only two chambers Ans. (a) Bile juice is a yellowish fluid that is secreted in the heart? by the liver. This juice is then stored in the gallbladder. (a) Salamander (b) Cobra Bile juice helps in digestion of food. (c) Frog (d) Rohu 3. After digestion, protein is converted into: RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Small globules (b) Starch Ans. (d) Rohu fish (Pisces) have two chambered heart. The body of the fish is streamlined and boat shaped. (c) Carbohydrates (d) Amino acids Paired fins are present for floating instead of limbs . RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Respiration is done by gills. Impure blood is found in Ans. (d) In the stomach, protein digestion occurs with them. They lack extra-embryonic membranes.The the aid of protease enzymes and pepsin enzymes, that organisms belonging to this class are poikilotherms, break down proteins into amino acids. Amino acids are meaning that they cannot regulate their own body responsible for the breaking down of food and they are temperature. known as the building blocks of life. There are 20 140. Which among the following animal is different amino acids obtained after digestion of proteins. from the other three? 4. What can humans NOT digest? (a) Crocodile (b) Sea horse (c) Tortoise (d) Frog (a) Cellulose (b) Starch RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-II) (c) Amino Acids (d) Glycogen Ans : (b) Crocodiles, tortoises and frogs belong to sub RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist class Tetrapoda, while Sea horse is classified in class Ans (a). The digestive system of human has many Pisces. enzyme, and acids to break down and digest all kinds of 141. How many chambers are present in heart of a different foods (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), but do fish? not have the enzymes needed to break down cellulose. (a) One (b) Three Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate, or polysaccharide, (c) Four (d) Two consisting of 3000 or more glucose units. It forms the RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd cell walls of all plants and trees and is used in making Ans : (d) The fish has two chambered heart. Fish’s plastics, paper, etc. Animals like cows, goats, sheep and heart pumps only impure blood. Respiration takes place other animals that graze, have the enzymes needed to through gills and they are cold blooded animals. digest cellulose. So, human are unable to digest 142. Which is the most poisonous fish? cellulose due to the absence of appropriate enzymes. (a) Puffer fish (b) Porcupine fish 5. Lactose intolerance is : (c) Piranhas (d) Angler fish (a) a condition where small intestines are unable RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist to break down gluten Ans : (a) Puffer fish is the most poisonous fish. (b) a condition where fructose isn't efficiently absorbed into the blood 9. Human Body (c) characterized by adverse reactions to gluten (d) a condition in which the small intestines are (i) Digestive System unable to break down the sugars found in dairy products 1. Which of the following enzymes is secreted by RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist the pancreas? Ans.(d) Lactose intolerance is the inability to break down (a) Maltase (b) Lactase a type of natural sugar called lactose. Lactose is commonly (c) Trypsin (d) Sucrase found in dairy products, such as milk and yogurt.Too little RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-III) of an enzyme produced in small intestine (lactase) is Ans : (c) The pancreas is the second major gland of the usually responsible for lactose intolerance. human body. It produces pancreatic juice, which is 6. Which of the following has largest size in the responsible for digestion. There are three types of enzymes found in pancreatic juice – human body? 1. Trypsin: It converts proteins and peptones into (a) Thyroid (b) Liver polypeptides and amino acids. (c) Spleen (d) Pancreas 2. Amylase: It converts starch into soluble sugars. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) 3. Lipase: It converts emulsified fats into glycerin and Ans.(b) The liver is the largest gland in the human fatty acids. body. It weighs between 1.5 to 2.0 kg. It is situated in 2. Which of the following organs secretes bile the abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm and has juice? four lobes. The bile juice secreted by the liver is stored (a) Liver (b) Heart in the gall bladder. This bile catalyzes the action of (c) Kidney (d) Brain enzymes present in the intestine and protects body by RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist neutralizing toxins produced in the body. 7. Which among the following is the largest gland 12. Which of the following acids does our stomach in the human body? produce that helps in digestion? (a) Esophageal glands (b) Mammary gland (a) Nitric acid (b) Perchloric acid (c) Liver (d) Sweat glands (c) Hydrochloric acid (d) Sulphuric acid RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans.(c) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (c) Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach 8. Which is the largest internal organ of human which help in he digestion of food. The hydrochloric body? acid in the gastric juice breaks down the food and the (a) Liver (b) Heart digestive enzymes split up the proteins. Hydrochloric acid contributes to protein digestion by supplying HCl (c) Pancreas (d) Kidney which activates pepsinogen, the precursor to pepsin. RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) HCl activates the enzyme pepsin which aids in the Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. digestion of proteins by breaking amio acid bonds and it 9. Sight of delicious food usually makes mouth breaks up connective tissues and plant cell walls. watery, it is a - 13. Bile is secreted from: (a) Hormonal reaction (a) Stomach (b) Liver (b) Neurological reaction (c) Large intestine (d) Gall bladder (c) Visual response RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) (d) Olfactory reaction Ans : (b) Bile releases through the liver. Bile kills RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) harmful germs present in food. The organic salts present Ans. (b) Sight of delicious food usually makes mouth in the bile alkaline the food coming from the stomach, watery, it is a neurological reaction. Mouth watering at so that the pancreatic juice can function. the sight of tasty food is called salivation. Salivation is a 14. Which of the following animals has a nerve-mediated reflex. On the sight of food, how much comparatively long intestine? saliva produced in mouth is depends upon the intensity (a) Fox (b) Tiger and type of taste and also on tactile stimulation. (c) Dog (d) Rabbit Moreover , a reflex action is defined as an involuntary RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II) response shown by body in response to a sudden stimuli. Ans. (d) The rabbit has a comparatively long intestine among given animals. Herbivores animals have small 10. A protruding part of the throat that is intestine larger than that of carnivorous animals because responsible for growing voice box in boys is herbivores digest cellulose completely and cellulose called: digestion takes longer time. (a) Larynx (b) Testosterone (c) Pharynx (d) Adam's apple 15. Tooth decay starts when pH of the mouth is RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist lower than ………. . Ans : (d) A protruding part of the throat that is (a) 5.7 (b) 5.5 responsible for growing voice box in boys is called (c) 5.6 (d) 5.4 Adam's apple. At puberty, the voice box or the larynx RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III) begins to grow. Boys develop larger voice boxes. The Ans : (b) When the pH of the mouth falls below 5.5, growing voice box in boys can be seen as a protruding tooth decay starts. Bacteria present in the mouth part of the throat called Adam's apple. The larynx, produce acid by degradation of sugar and food particles commonly called the voice box or glottis, is the which remain in the mouth after eating. The acid passageway for air between the pharynx above and the produced in the mouth attack the enamel thereby, trachea below. The larynx plays an essential role in creating tooth decay. human speech. The thyroid cartilage is the Adam's 16. What are the receptors for detecting taste apple. The epiglottis acts like a trap door to keep food called? and other particles from entering the larynx. (a) Sensory receptor (b) Chemical receptor 11. The secretion of bile in human occurs in - (c) Olfactory receptor (d) Gustatory receptor (a) Pancreas (b) Small intestine RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III) (c) Oesophagus (d) Liver Ans: (d) The receptors for detecting taste are called RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) Gustatory receptors. Taste buds contain the taste Ans. (d) Bile secreted by the hepatic cells of liver, receptor cells, which are also known as gustatory cells. passes through the hepatic ducts and is stored and 17. Among the following, ............. generate concentrated in a thin muscular sac called gall bladder. maximum amount of energy on oxidation. Bile is made up of essential acids for digestion, (a) Glucose (b) Fat absorption and the breaking down of fats. Bile secretion (c) Alkali (d) Protein in stomach is caused due to reflex actions. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) Ans. (b) Fat is the main food that provides energy to Ans : (d) The presence of Coliform in the drinking the body. Fats are the slowest source of energy but the water supply is a symptom of contamination from most energy-efficient form of food. Fats are complex human waste (faeces-urine), which is specifically molecules composed of fatty acids and glycerol. Each determined by the presence of E. coli. When polluted gram of fat supplies the body with about 9.3 grams of water is used for drinking or cooking, it can cause energy after complete oxidation. An adult should attain waterborne diseases such as cholera, diarrhea, typhoid, 20 - 30% energy from fat. amoebiasis and jaundice. 18. Complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins 22. Metabolism is related to - and fats takes place in : (I) All chemical reactions involved in the body (a) Oesophagus (b) Stomach (II) Synthesis of complex molecules from simple (c) Small intestine (d) Large intestine molecules RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) (III) Anabolism and catabolism Ans : (c) Small intestinal wall have digestive glands (a) Only I (b) Only II which secrete intestinal juice. There are some digestive (c) Both I and II (d) I, II and III enzymes present in intestinal juices, such as erepsin, RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-III) enterokinase, lipase, sucrose, maltase, lactase etc. Ans. (d) : Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions Carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other nutrients are that occur in living organisms. These processes help digested completely in small intestine through these organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their digestive enzymes. The intestinal epithelial cells also homeostasis and respond to their environment changes. have finger-like projections, which are known as It involves the synthesis of complex molecules from microvilli that absorb digested food. simple molecules. Metabolism is the sum of all of the 19. Which of the following is NOT a correct chemical reactions that are involved in catabolism and statement? anabolism. The reactions governing the breakdown of (a) The stomach receives the secretion of the food to obtain energy are called catabolic reactions, liver and pancreas. while anabolic reactions involve the joining of smaller (b) Gastric glands release hydrochloric acid and molecules into larger ones in contrast of catabolic the enzyme pepsin and mucus in the reactions. stomach. 23. In which part of the body is bile juice (c) Mucus protects the inner lining of the produced? stomach from the acid. (a) Heart (b) Lungs (d) Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium (c) Kidney (d) Liver to facilitate the action of this enzyme pepsin. RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (d) Bile juice is produced from the liver and it is Ans.(a) Cells of liver secretes bile juice which is stored in the gall bladder. collected in gall bladder. Islets of Langerhans of 24. Which substance is stored and concentrated in pancreas help in the secretion of insulin from beta cells. the gall bladder? It controls and regulates the metabolism of (a) Lymph (b) Water carbohydrates. (c) Blood (d) Bile 20. Which organ in the human body produces bile RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) juice? Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Liver (b) Pancreas 25. The instrument used to examine human (c) Stomach (d) Small intestine digestive system is called - RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Oscilloscope (b) Microscope (c) Endoscope (d) Radiograph Ans.(a) Liver produces a digestive juice called bile. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II) The gallbladder stores bile. When a person eat meals, Ans : (c) The endoscope instrument is used to examine the gallbladder squeezes bile through the bile ducts, the internal organs of the body. An oscilloscope is an which connect the gallbladder and liver to the small electronic device that displays a voltage in the form of a intestine graph relative to time or voltage.In fact, an oscilloscope 21. The presence of Coliform in drinking water is a sophisticated diagnostic instrument that draws a supply is a symptom of ………. graph of an electrical signal. A microscope is an (a) Fluoride contamination instrument used to see micro objects that are too small (b) Phosphorus contamination to be seen by the naked eye. Radiography is an imaging (c) Salinity of water source technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing (d) Contamination from human waste radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III) form of an object. 26. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Ans.(c) Villi are the tiny projections on the inner alimentary canal of the human body? surface of the small intestine which help in absorbing (a) Rectum (b) Oesophagus the digested food. These villi help to increase the (c) Trachea (d) Pharynx surface area of intestinal walls. Many blood vessels are RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist present within these villi, that help in the absorption of Ans. (c) The alimentary canal is mainly referred to as digested food and carry it to the bloodstream. Later, the pathway by which food enters our body and moves from the bloodstream, the absorbed food is delivered to out through the anus after digestion. The alimentary each and every cell of the body. tract of the digestive system is composed of the mouth, 32. Where in the body is villi found? pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large (a) Small intestine (b) Large intestine intestines, rectum and anus. The trachea, commonly (c) Stomach (d) Liver known as the windpipe, is a part of the airway system RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs. Ans (a) See the explanation of the above question. 27. Which of the following is not a part of the 33. The gastric juice present in digestive system, digestive system? includes ……… . (a) Liver (b) Heart (a) HCl (b) NaCl (c) Stomach (d) Mouth (c) HNO3 (d) KCl RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-IV) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) The heart is not a part of the digestive system. Ans: (a) Gastric glands are located in the mucosa of the 28. Which of the following has homodont teeth? stomach.There are mainly three types of cells in gastric (a) Fish (b) Human glands: (c) Leopard (d) Horse (a) Mucous neck cells secrete mucous. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) (b) Chief cells are responsible for secretion of Ans : (a) In mammals, teeth are diphyodont, thecodont proenzyme Pepsinogen and prore nin and heterodont while fishes have acrodont and (c) Parietal or oxyntic cells are responsible for the homodont teeth. production of hydrochloric acid, which is necessary 29. Duodenum is part of……… . to activate the other enzymes. (a) Small intestine (b) Large intestine 34. Which acid is produced by human's stomach? (c) Gall bladder (d) Ovary (a) Lactic acid (b) Hydrochloric acid RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I) (c) Citric acid (d) Sulphuric acid Ans: (a) The duodenum is a U-shaped or horseshoe- RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist shaped structure that lies in the upper abdomen near the Ans.(b) Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is produced by the midline. The small intestine is made up of the parietal cells of the stomach. To begin with, water duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Duodenum is about 25 (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) combine within the cm (10 inches) long; the jejunum is about 2.5 m (8 feet) parietal cell cytoplasm to produce carbonic acid long and the ileum is about 3.6 m (12 feet) long. The (H2CO3). The stomach is a gastrointestinal organ that is small intestine is the largest part of the alimentary responsible for preliminary digestion. canal. Complete digestion takes place in this section of 35. What is the tooth enamel made of? alimentary canal. It is about 6.5 metres long and 2.5 meters wide in an adult man. (a) Calcium chloride (b) Calcium sulphate (c) Calcium carbonate (d) Calcium phosphate 30. Which of the following organs of the digestive RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) system has the similar shape to the English alphabet "J"? RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) (a) Mouth (b) Stomach Ans:(d) The tooth enamel is made of calcium phosphate. (c) Intestine (d) Liver All teeth have three layers: enamel, dentine, and pulp. The enamel is the outermost layer and is primarily made RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist of calcium phosphate minerals. Enamel is the hardest Ans.(b) The stomach is a J-shaped organ in the upper substance in the human body, but it does not grow back belly (abdomen). It's part of the digestive system. It is once it’s lost. between the end of the food pipe (esophagus) and the 36. What is a tooth enamel made of? start of the first part of the small intestine of bowel (a) Potassium phosphate (b) Calcium phosphate (duodenum). (c) Ferrous sulfate (d) Sodium phosphate 31. The inner walls of the small intestine have RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I) thousands of finger-like out growth. These are Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. called: 37. Our enamel is made of .............. . (a) Lumps (b) Bronchi (a) Calcium phosphate (b) Calcium sulphate (c) Villi (d) Myomas RRB NTPC 07.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Calcium oxide (d) Calcium carbonate RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. 38. Which acid is used to aid digestion in the body? 44. In the human body, what is called a throat? (a) Boric acid (b) Acetic acid (a) Resonant filament (b) Flammable filament (c) Sulphuric acid (d) Hydrochloric acid (c) Voice box (d) Thyroarytenoid RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (d) Hydrochloric acid is used to aid digestion in Ans (c) The throat is known as voice box in human the body. Hydrochloric acid combines with other gastric body.The throat is a ring-like muscular tube that acts as juices in the stomach to aid digestion as well as protect the passageway for air, food and liquid. It is located us from disease by killing germs found in foods. behind the nose and mouth and connects the mouth 39. Which one of the following is the largest (oral cavity) and nose to the breathing passages (trachea compartment of stomach in hoofed animals? and lungs) and the esophagus. (a) Rumen (b) Reticulum 45. On average, how many taste buds are present (c) Abomasum (d) Omasum in an human tongue? RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) 2000 to 8000 Ans.(a) Rumen (on the left side of the animal) is the (b) 50000 to 100000 largest stomach compartment and consists of several (c) 1 million to 10 million sacs in hoofed animals. (d) More than 10 million 40. Name an enzyme used for the conversion of RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist proteins into a peptide. Ans : (a) Tounge is an essential part of the body of (a) Invertase (b) Pepsin most animals. The taste buds are embedded in the (c) Lactase (d) Zymase epithelium of the tongue and make contact with the RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist outside environment through a taste pore. On average, Ans. (b) When digestive system of body fails to the human tongue has 2,000–8,000 taste buds, implying produce enough of enzymes for digestion process, then that there are hundreds of thousands of receptor cells. in this case "pepsin" enzyme helps in the process of 46. The entire digestive system of an adult human digestion. It is a type of enzyme released by the main cells in the stomach. Its main function is to convert is ………….. meter long from mouth to anus. protein into peptide. (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 10 (d) 9 41. What protects the inner lining of the stomach from the action of acid, under normal RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist conditions? Ans : (d) The complete digestive system of an adult (a) Mucus (b) Gastric Glands human is 9 meters long from mouth to anus. (c) Enzymes (d) Villi 47. Which receptors are located on our tongue? RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Photoreceptors (b) Thermo-receptors Ans. (a) Mucus protects the inner lining of the stomach (c) Gustatory (d) Olfactory from the action of the acid under normal conditions. RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist The digestion in stomach is taken care of by the gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach. They release Ans.(c) Gustatory receptors are preseent on the tongue hydrochloric acid, a protein digesting enzyme called which spread evenly across the taste buds. Their main pepsin, and mucus. function is to provide a sense of taste. It is significant 42. How is energy measured obtained by food? that, olfactory receptors are present on the surface of the (a) Calories (b) Calvin olfactory neurons. Their main function is to sense smell. (c) Font (d) Amperes 48. Which one of the following is the correct RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist sequence of steps in Digestive System? Ans : (a) Energy obtained from food is measured in (a) Egestion, Ingestion, Absorption, Digestion terms of calories. First of all, Professor Nicholas (b) Absorption, Egestion, Digestion, Ingestion Clement defined calorie as a unit of energy in 1824 AD. (c) Ingestion, Absorption, Egestion, Digestion To increase the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius, 1 calorie of heat is required. (d) Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Egestion 43. The only part of the human body that can be RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist re-developed / regenerated? Ans. (d) Ingestion is the process by which food enters (a) Spleen (b) Brain in the esophagus. The process of food digestion (c) Liver (d) Pancreas involves five stages- RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 1. Ingestion Ans : (c) The only part of the human body that can be 2. Digestion re-developed and regenerated, is liver . The liver is the 3. Absorption largest gland in the body, weighing from 1.5–2.0 kg. 4. Assimilation Bile is secreted by the liver. 5. Defecation (Egestion) 49. By which process does food enters in the 54. Which of the following is not a part of human esophagus? alimentary canal? (a) Ingestion (b) Digestion (a) Oral cavity (b) Alveoli (c) Assimilation (d) Defecation (c) Gall bladder (d) Large intestine RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) The oral cavity, gall bladder, large intestine, Ans (a) See the explanation of the above question. liver, pancreas are part of the human alimentary canal, 50. The process of digestion of food in the humans while alveoli are found in the lungs and part of the begins in ______ and is completed in ______. respiratory system. (a) Stomach; Large intestine 55. Saliva contains ……………. enzyme. (b) Mouth; Small intestine (a) Ligase (b) Protease (c) Food pipe; Large intestine (c) Amylase (d) Lipase (d) Food pipe; Small intestine RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Human saliva contains about 99% water and Ans. (b) Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing the remaining 1% enzymes, mainly of two types and ends in the small intestine. As food passes through :Ptyolin and Lysozyme. Ptyalin is also known as the gastrointestinal tract, it mixes with digestive juices, amylase that decomposes starch (present in the food) causing large molecules of food to break down into into maltose sugars. An enzyme called lysozyme works by destroying harmful bacteria present in food. smaller molecules. 56. Enzyme Ptyalin is found in ………… . 51. In reference of food, which among the (a) Saliva (b) Pancreatic juice following statement is false? (c) Gastric juice (d) Intestinal juice (a) It is an abiotic substance. RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) (b) It gives chemical reactions. Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. (c) It is a biotic substance. 57. After digestion, carbohydrate is converted into - (d) It gives us energy. (a) Glycogen (b) Glucose RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IIst (c) Amino acids (d) Fatty acids Ans : (a) Food is an abiotic substance, this statement is RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III) false. Food performs chemical reactions, it is a Ans. (b) Digestion of food in humans starts from the biological substance and provides us energy. Food is a mouth. Mouth cavity, alimentary canal, esophagus, beneficial substance for almost all organisms. stomach etc. take part in digestion. Intestinal juice 52. The contraction and expansion movements of contains a variety of enzymes that convert complex the walls of the food pipe is called ……… carbohydrates into glucose, proteins into amino acids, motion. and fats into fatty acids. (a) Peristalsis (b) Gastric 58. The function of bile. . . . . . can be called: (c) Oscillatory (d) Diastolic (a) Emulsification (b) Reduction RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-II) (c) Oxidation (d) Calcination Ans : (a) The contraction and expansion movements of RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III) the walls of the food pipe is called peristalsis motion. Ans. (a) The liver is a supportive digestive gland that The teeth cut and crush food, and the pieces are mixed produces bile. Bile is an alkaline compound, which with saliva to form a ball of food called a bolus. This is helps in the breakdown of fats. During emulsification of then swallowed and is carried down the esophagus by lipids, bile attaches to lipids indigestion. peristalsis, as muscles work together to produce wave- 59. The ……….. enzyme present in pancreatic like contractions. juice, converts proteins into amino acids. 53. In the human body, the digestion of fats mainly (a) Trypsin (b) Pepsin occurs in : (c) Amylase (d) Lipase (a) Kidney (b) Lungs RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Small intestine (d) Large intestine Ans. (a) All enzymes present in pancreatic juice are in inactive state. Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist procarboxy peptidase, amylase, lipase, and nuclease. Ans. (c) The majority of fat digestion happens once it Trypsinogen enzyme are activated by enterokinase which reaches the small intestine. This is also where the is secreted by intestinal mucosa and converts trypsinogen majority of nutrients are absorbed. Pancreas produces to active trypsin. Trypsin activates all enzymes present in enzymes that break down fats, carbohydrates, and pancreatic juice. proteins. Liver produces bile that helps digest fats and Trypsin certain vitamins. Proteins, peptones, proteases, → dipeptides 60. During digestion, the role of bile is…….. . 66. Herbivore requires longer small intestine to (a) Absorption of fat digest ....... (b) Emulsification of fat (a) Chloroplast (b) Cellulose (c) Excretion of fat (c) Carbohydrate (d) Protein (d) Digestion of fat RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) Herbivore needs longer small intestine called Ans : (b) During digestion, the role of bile is cecum to digest cellulose. Cellulose is an organic emulsification of fat. compound in which monomers combine to form a 61. Which acid is excreted in the digestive system polymer of thousand molecules. The cell walls of many of humans? green plants are made up of cellulose. 90 percent (a) Sulphuric acid (b) Nitric acid portion of the cotton fibre is cellulose. (c) Antacid (d) Hydrochloric acid 67. The common track for food and air in humans: RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Larynx (b) Nasal cavity Ans. (d) Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is excreted in the (c) Esophagus (d) Pharynx digestive system of human. Oxyntic cells of the RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III) stomach secrete HCl which inhibits the action of ptyalin Ans. (d) : The pharynx is the common track for both and makes food acidic. It kills the harmful bacteria of food and air. The pharynx opens into the trachea by the food and stimulates enzymes to act on food. throat. The throat is a cartilaginous box that helps in voice production. Hence, it is also called voice box. 62. .................rings are present in throat. (a) Cartilage (b) Joint 68. Tooth enamel, made of ………., is degraded by (c) Areolar (d) Muscle acid, causing tooth decay. RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Ammonium sulfate (b) Calcium phosphate (c) Potassium nitrate (d) Sodium chloride Ans : (a) Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue found RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III) in the human body and other animals. It is made up of chondrocytes cells present in our marrow. Ear bone, Ans. (b) : Tooth enamel, made of calcium phosphate, is nose bone, throat bone, joints of bones etc. are made of degraded by acid, causing tooth decay. Low pH levels can cause tooth decay. Teeth begin to decay, when the cartilages. Cartilages strengthen the tissues of the body. pH value of enamel is less than 5.5. It also makes our body joints flexible. Due to its presence, many parts of our body work smoothly. 69. The liver performs……… functions. (a) Respiration (b) Excretion 63. ........ enzyme is secreted from the salivary (c) Circulation (d) Digestion gland. RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Trypsin (b) Lipase (c) Pepsin (d) Amylase Ans. (d) The liver is the largest gland in the human RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) body, which produces bile. Bile enters into duodenum and gallbladder by the hepatic duct system and the bile Ans : (d) Saliva secretes from salivary glands of the duct. This is the main place of metabolism of the mouth. Saliva contains amylase enzyme that breaks intestinal juice absorbed in the digestive system. The down starch into sugars. Thus, the digestion of food liver performs digestive functions. The liver performs starts from the mouth. more than 300 different functions of the human body; 64. The bile juice is secreted from ……… in storing glycogen (fuel for the body) made from glucose, human digestive system. - helping to translocate fats and proteins from digested (a) Liver (b) Small intestine food. The liver also functions to make blood in the (c) Stomach (d) Pancreas fetus, converts carbohydrates and proteins into fat. RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I) 70. Herbivore requires longer small intestine to Ans : (a) The liver is the largest gland in the human digest .............. . body. The liver secretes bile juice. It is alkaline in (a) Fat (b) Cellulose nature. It contains water, bile salts, cholesterol, pigment (c) Protein (d) Vitamin cells. Its pH is 7.7. RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) 65. Describe the type of energy conversion that Ans : (b) The small intestine is an important part of occurs during the process of digestion of food. human digestive system that starts from stomach and (a) Heat energy from Chemical energy completes at large intestine. Digestion and absorption (b) Heat energy from Mechanical energy of food takes place in the small intestine . Cellulose is a (c) Light energy from Chemical energy component of plants that is non- digestable compoenent (d) Chemical energy from Light energy for human body. Cellulose is an insoluble fibre that RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I) needs longer small intestine for digestion in herbivores Ans : (a) The energy conversion that occurs during the 71. What is the unit of measurement used for process of food digestion, is from chemical energy to measuring the energy requirements of the heat energy. human body? (a) Calories (b) Erg 75. A conventional blood pressure measuring (c) Ohm (d) Joule device in which the physician observes RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist fluctuations in mercury column, the manually operated air pump is connected to: Ans. (a) A calorie is a unit of measurement of energy. (a) Isobar Very specifically, it is the amount of energy that is (b) Transducer required to raise the temperature of one ml, (which is (c) Sphygmo Manometer also one gram), of water by one degree celsius. The (d) Mercury column word calorie was actually coined by the great French RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) Chemist Nicolas Clement who used it to refer to the Ans : (d) A conventional blood pressure measuring body’s internal heat. A food calorie is actually a device is called a sphygmomanometer. It is the most “kilocalorie”. In other words it is the amount of energy conventional form of blood pressure apparatus . This needed to raise the temperature of one litre of water by device consists of a pump that has a rubber tube. This one degree. Originally, the calorie content of a food was tube subsequently divides into two parts. It consists of measured in a calorimeter. manually inflatable cuffs that are attached to the mercury-infused tubes. This instrument was invented by 72. Which is the only muscle found in human body Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch in the year that is not connected at both ends? 1881. But in the year 1896, Scipione Riva-Rocci (a) Triceps (b) Tongue introduced a simple version of the sphygmomanometer. (c) Biceps (d) Ducts 76. Which among the following blood group is RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-IV) considered as universal donor? Ans. (b) Tongue is the only muscle found in the human (a) AB (b) O body that is not connected at both ends. (c) A (d) B RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) 73. The energy released at the end of digestion is in Ans : (b) The blood group was discovered by the form of: Landsteiner. Blood is of four types A, B, AB, and O. (a) Electric energy (b) Kinetic energy Blood group AB is an universal receiver i.e it can (c) Thermal energy (d) Chemical energy receive blood of any person. Blood group O is universal RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II) donor i.e it can donate blood to person of any blood Ans : (d) Our body cannot use the biochemicals group but it can receive blood only from person with O available in food in their original form. Therefore, the group. complex biomolecules are broken into simple 77. Which of the following is not a blood group? molecules and converted into simple molecules in (a) A (b) AB digestive system and complex nutrients are absorbed. (c) C (d) O This process of converting complex nutrients into RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-IV) absorbable simple forms is called digestion. As a result Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. of digestion, energy is collected in the form of chemical 78. The normal systolic pressure of human blood is: energy as ATP. (a) 110 mm Hg (b) 130 mm Hg (ii) Blood Circulatory System (c) 80 mm Hg (d) 120 mm Hg 74. Which of the following plasma protein is RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist involved in blood coagulation? Ans. (d) When the heart beats, it contracts and pumps (a) Serum amylase (b) A globulin blood through the arteries to the rest of body. This force (c) Fibrinogen (d) An albumin creates pressure on the arteries. This is called systolic RRB SSE 21.12.2014 blood pressure. A normal systolic pressure is 120 mm Hg. The diastolic blood pressure indicates the pressure Ans : (c) Prothromboplastin reacts with the calcium ion in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. A of blood to form thromboplastin. Thromboplastin, by normal diastolic blood pressure is 80 mm/Hg. reacting with an enzyme called calcium ion (Ca ++) and 79. Select the option that is not true regarding the tryptase, converts inactive prothrombin into a substance circulatory system. called active thrombin. This active thrombin acts on the (a) Red blood is fluid connective tissue. blood protein fibrinogen and converts it into fibrin. (b) The life span of human RBCs is 115–120 Fibrin makes a mesh of fine and soft fibres. This mesh days. is so fine and microfilamentous that particles of blood (c) An adult person has about 6.8 liters of blood. (especially RBC) get trapped in it and form a red solid (d) It is about 1.7–1.8% of body weight. body, called a blood clot. RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (d) Red blood is an example of fluid connective Ans. (b) The liquid part of the blood, called plasma, is tissue. The amount of blood in the human body is about made of water, salts, and protein. Over half of our blood 7 to 8% of the body weight. Therefore, an average 5 to is plasma. The solid part of our blood contains red 6 liters of blood is present in a human body of 70 kg. blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red Blood RBC surrounds 1 / 13th part of human body. Its lifespan Cells (RBC) deliver oxygen from our lungs to our is about 120 days. tissues and organs. It is basic in nature and its pH value 80. Which of the following options is not correct is 7.4 . WBCs are a part of Immune system. They help about the circulatory system? fight infection and defend the body against other foreign (a) The circulatory system is 7-8% of the total materials. weight of human. 84. The blood pressure of a healthy man is: (b) The lifespan of red blood cells is 115-120 (a) 90/60 (b) 200/110 days. (c) 120/80 (d) 140/60 (c) The amount of blood in an adult human body RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) is 6.8 liters. Ans. (c) Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of (d) Only blood is white fluid connective tissue. circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels on RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II) contraction of heart. This phenomenon is expressed Ans. (d) Blood is fluid connective tissue which using two values known as the systolic pressure and the constitutes 7-8% of the total weight of human body. diastolic pressure (in mm Hg).The normal resting blood Three types of blood cells are found in the blood as pressure for adults is 120/80. The systolic pressure is RBC, WBC and platelets. Red blood cells have lifespan the measurement of pressure when the heart contracts . 115-120 days. A healthy human body has about 6.8 On the contrary, the diastolic pressure is the liters of blood. Hence option (d) is not correct about the measurement of pressure when the heart refills with circulatory system. blood between beats. Blood pressure is measured by 81. Normal human blood is: sphygmomanometer. (a) Neutral 150/90 mm Hg → suffers from high pressure. (b) Slightly acidic (Hypertension) (c) Variable in acid or base 100/50 mm Hg → suffers from low pressure. (d) Slightly alkaline (Hypotension) RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 85. The technology that uses the reflection of Ans. (d) Human blood is a bodily fluid that flows ultrasound waves to produce images of the continuously in various organs inside the blood vessels. heart is known as: This thicks, lightly alkaline and reddish fluid, which is (a) Sonography (b) Ultrasonography circulated in the blood capillaries, is a living connective (c) Echocardiography (d) Echocardiogram tissue. It consists of plasma and blood platelets. There is about five liters of blood in the human body. Its pH RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist value is between 7.35 to 7.45. It has slightly alkaline Ans. (c) Echocardiography is a test that uses nature due to a pH greater than 7. soundwaves to produce live images of heart. This test 82. Blood pressure is the force: allows doctor to monitor the functioning of heart and its (a) Inside the artery during ventricular diastole valves. The images can help to get information about (b) Inside the artery during ventricular systole blood clots in the heart chambers. (c) Inside the veins 86. Which component of the blood transports (d) That blood exerts against the wall of a vessel food, CO2 and nitrogenous waste? RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) White blood cells (b) Blood platelets Ans.(d) Blood pressure is the force of the blood (c) Red blood cells (d) Plasma pushing against the artery walls. The force is made with RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-I) each heartbeat as blood is pumped from the heart into Ans : (d) Plasma is the yellowish fluid component of the blood vessels. This is called systolic blood pressure. blood, in which blood cells of whole blood are normally • The components of blood pressure include systolic suspended. It accounts for about 55% of the total blood pressure, which results from ventricular contraction volume.It consists water as major portion and proteins, and diastolic pressure which results from ventricular sugars, coagulation factors, mineral ions, hormones and relaxation. carbon dioxide are soluble in it . Plasma transports 83. Blood has a fluid matrix called ____, in which food, CO2 and nitrogenous wastes in human body. RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are suspended. 87. The pH level of the human body is: (a) Saliva (b) Plasma (a) 7.0 to 7.8 (b) 6.0 to 6.8 (c) Lymph (d) Cerebrospinal fluid (c) 6.0 to 7.0 (d) 7.0 to 8.6 RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I) Ans : (a) The pH value is the measure of the acidicity 93. .........tissue changes the diameter of the blood and alkalinity of substances. Its value is equal to the vessel. inverse logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ion (a) Heart (b) Muscle (H+). The pH value is between 0 to 14. A substance (c) Epithelium (d) Bone whose pH value is less than 7 is acidic, alkaline when RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) greater than 7, and neutral when it is equal to 7. The Ans : (b) Muscles are important for making various human body needs a controlled pH level of 7.0 to 7.8 interfaces of the body to generate power to contract and (alkaline) to survive. The pH value of human urine is relax inside the body. The thin, elongated and 5.5 to 7.5, the pH value of human saliva is 6.5 to 7.5 contractile muscle cells, also called muscle fibres, are and the pH value of human blood is from 7.3 to 7.5. called muscle tissue. These muscle tissues are helpful in changing the diameter of blood vessels in the body. 88. The pH range of a human body is: 94. ........ is part of the blood that contains 92% (a) 8.35 - 9.45 (b) 2.35-4.45 water and the remaining 8% contains protein, (c) 5.35-6.45 (d) 7.35-7.45 minerals, hormones, enzymes and other RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist substances. Ans.(d) The pH value of the human body lies in a tight (a) Red blood cells (b) White blood cells range between 7.35-7.45 and the pH of other body (c) Blood platelets (d) Plasma fluids are different. pH indicates the level of H+ ions RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II) where low pH indicates too many OH– ions. Ans. (d) Plasma is a yellowish, clear , viscous , 89. ..............found in blood, is responsible for transparent and basic fluid component of blood . Plasma is the liquid portion of blood. About 55% of blood is oxygen transportation. plasma, and the remaining 45% are red blood cells, (a) White blood cells (b) Platelets white blood cells and platelets that are suspended in the (c) Red blood cells (d) Plasma plasma.Plasma is about 92% water. It also contains 7% RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II) vital proteins such as albumin, gamma globulin and Ans : (c) Red blood cells are formed in red bone anti-hemophilic factor, and 1% mineral salts, sugars, marrow in adults but it is formed in the spleen and liver fats, hormones and vitamins. in embryonic stage. Each hemoglobin molecule 95. What is the function of RBC in the human contains four iron-binding haem groups which are the body? site of oxygen binding. Oxygen-bound hemoglobin is (a) To provide oxygen to the body cells called oxyhemoglobin. Cell carries oxyhemoglobin (b) To extract carbon dioxide from the body cells through blood circulation. This cell does not have a (c) To remove nitrogenous wastes in dissolved nucleus. Its average life span is 120 days. form 90. Which among these component of blood (d) To provide digested food to the body cells transports oxygen? RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Platelets (b) WBC Ans. (a) Red blood cells are responsible for transporting (c) Plasma (d) RBC oxygen from lungs to body’s tissues. Our tissues produce energy with the oxygen and release a waste, RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-IV) identified as carbon dioxide. Our red blood cells take Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. the carbon dioxide (CO2) waste to lungs for exhale. 91. Which is the largest artery in the human body? 96. Why is pulse rate of the human body (a) Vena cava (b) Renal examined? (c) Aorta (d) Pulmonary (a) To check the functioning of the heart. RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) To check the functioning of the brain. (c) To check blood volume. Ans.(c) The aorta is the largest artery in the human (d) To check the condition of lungs. body that carries oxygen-rich blood from the left RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) ventricle of the heart to other parts of the body. The aorta breaks into arteries and finally to a very fine Ans : (a) The pulse rate of the human body is used to check the functioning of the heart. Pulse is the rate at structure known as arterioles. which the heart beats. As the blood pumps from the 92. The average weight of an adult human heart is heart, it can feel pulsation in some blood vessels close about to the surface of the skin. The normal pulse rate for an (a) 240 gm (b) 300 gm adult beats 60 to 100 beats per minutes. (c) 255 gm (d) 390 gm 97. The normal human heart beat on an average is RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist ………. . . .per minute. Ans. (b) The adult human heart weights around 250- (a) 50–100 (b) 100–120 350g. It accounts for approximately 0.45% of the total (c) 60–100 (d) 90–100 body weight. According to option, correct answer will RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) be option (b). Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. 98. On which organ of human body is angioplasty Ans : (a) Human blood platelets release prothrombin performed? which helps blood clotting. Vitamin K also assists in (a) Kidney (b) Lungs blood clotting. (c) Heart (d) Stomach 105. White blood cells in the blood. . . . . . RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Carry hemoglobin protein. Ans. (c) Angioplasty is performed on heart in human (b) Carry nutrients. body. (c) Protect the body from infection. (d) Help in blood clotting. 99. Which of the following is a pigment present in human blood that carries oxygen out from RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I) lungs to all parts of the body? Ans : (c) The shape and size of white blood cells or (a) Platelets (b) White Blood cells leukocytes is not fixed, but it changes like amoeba. The number of WBCs in an adult human is 6–11 thousand (c) Lymph (d) Haemoglobin per cubic mm. The immune function of the body is RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist conducted by white blood cells. Immunity is the Ans. (d) Haemoglobin is the iron-containing pigment balanced state of multicellular organisms having that enables red blood cells to carry high concentration adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease, of oxygen to the tissues. It carries oxygen out from or other unwanted biological invasion, while having lungs to all parts of the body. adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune diseases. 100. In human beings, which of the following has a high affinity for oxygen? 106. Normal human bleeding time and clotting time are ……… and ………. respectively . (a) Carbon dioxide (b) Haemoglobin (a) 2–3 and 4–6 minutes (c) Melanin (d) White blood cells (b) 2–10 and 5–15 seconds RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) 2–7 and 3–10 minutes Ans.(b) Respiratory pigments like haemoglobin, (d) 5–15 and 10–20 seconds myoglobin have high affinity with oxygen. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Haemoglobin functions as oxygen carrier in blood from Ans. (c) Normal human bleeding time and clotting time the lung to the rest of the body. are 2-7 and 3-10 minutes respectively. Blood plasma releases prothrombin and fibrinogen with the help of 101. Which of the following metals is present in vitamin K in the liver. Vitamin K helps in blood clotting. hemoglobin? 107. In which of the following cells present in (a) Nickel (b) Iron human body, mitochondria are not found? (c) Copper (d) Zinc (a) Red blood cell (b) Liver cell RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) (c) Muscle cell (d) White blood cell Ans : (b) Hemoglobin is made up of a protein called RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist globin and a compound called heme. Heme consists of Ans : (a) RBCs (red blood cells), present in the human iron and a pigment called porphyrin, which gives blood body, do not contain mitochondria. RBCs are formed in its red colour while iron rich globin protein have the bone marrow. RBCs contain protein named as tremendous capacity to bind with oxygen and carbon Hemoglobin. The nucleus is absent in RBCs. Its dioxide. Normal adult has average amount of hemoglobin average life span is 120 days. is 15 gm/100 ml. 108. Which of the following circulates impure blood? 102. Hemoglobin is found in …………………. . (a) Pulmonary vein (b) Alveoli (a) Bone (b) Blood (c) Pulmonary artery (d) Aorta (c) Sweat (d) Bile fluid RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans : (c) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. blood from the right ventricle into the lungs for oxygenation. It contains impure blood.The left half of 103. The protein in hemoglobin is . the heart collects and pumps pure (oxygenated) blood (a) Albumin (b) Globin from the lungs to all parts of the body.The right half of (c) Globulin (d) Heme the heart carries impure (CO2 containing) blood.The pH RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) value of blood is 7.4. Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 109. Which of the following does not refer to 104. Human blood platelets release .............. which Cholesterol? helps in blood clotting. (a) Low - density lipoprotein (b) High- density lipoprotein (a) Prothrombin (b) Fibrin (c) Rhesus factor (c) Fructose (d) Sucrose (d) Canned Protein Kate RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans: (c) An antigen is obtained from research related to Ans : (a) The pH of human blood is 7.4. pH value Rhesus monkey.The Rh factor is a protein that can be (power of Hydrogen) is the concentration of hydrogen found on the surface of red blood cells in most ions in the substances. human(85%). Anomaly between Rh factors may cause 115. What should be the pH limit in blood for severe disorder for mother and her fetus, while Rhesus normal health? factor does not refer to Cholesterol. (a) 6.35 to 6.45 (b) 5.35 to 5.45 110. Which of the following organs of human body (c) 7.35 to 7.45 (d) 8.35 to 8.45 has sinoatrial node? RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Brain (b) Heart Ans : (c) See the explanation of above question. (c) Kidney (d) Liver 116. A person with AB blood group - RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Can donate blood to A,B and O blood group. Ans : (b) Sinoatrial node is located in heart of human body. The main function of the sinoatrial node is to act (b) Is called universal blood donor. as the normal pacemaker of the heart. It initiates an (c) Blood can be receive from any blood group. action potential that results in an electrical impulse (d) is neither a universal recipient, nor a universal travelling through the heart's electrical conduction donor. system to cause myocardial contraction. Internal body RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist temperature is regulated by a part of brain called the Ans : (c) A person with AB blood group can receive hypothalamus, while external body temperature is blood from any blood group. Blood group 'AB' is called regulated by ear. universal recipient, because it has no antibody and 111. Who invented the A, B and O blood group blood group 'O' is called universal donar , because it system? does not contain any antigen. (a) Karl Kollar (b) Maurice Hilleman 117. The arteries carry blood, are filled with: (c) Karl Landsteiner (d) Edward Jenner (a) Oxygen (b) Carbon dioxide RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (c) Toxin (d) Lipids Ans : (c) The blood group was first discovered by RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Nobel laureate Karl Landsteiner in 1900. He discovered Ans : (a) The arteries carry pure blood, which is filled that factors related to blood group are found in RBCs with oxygen (except pulmonary artery). Arteries are the and plasma of blood. Landsteiner discovered only three blood vessels of the body that carry blood away from blood groups A, B and O. Later De Castello and Sturli the heart and to the organs and tissues of the body while invented the fourth blood group AB. veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to 112. How many litres of blood does an adult human the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical have? veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart. (a) 3 (b) 4 118. Plasma, a constituent of blood, is a - (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) Cell (b) Muscle RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Fluid (d) Tissue Ans : (c) In a normal adult human , the amount of blood RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-I) is 1/10 part of its weight, i.e, 4.5–5 litres. The blood is Ans : (c) Plasma is the fundamental matrix of blood, composed of red coloured connective tissue consisting which is 55-60% of the blood. Plasma contains 90-92% of 55% of the plasma and 45% of the blood cells (RBC, water and 8-10 % proteins, organic and inorganic WBC and platelets). The pH value of blood is 7.4 and it substances. Generally, it is a type of fluid. is responsible for the circulation of oxygen and There are mainly two substances found in plasma. nutrients in the body. (1) In Organic substances - sodium chloride and 113. Which of the following describes heart sodium bicarbonate are found in it. Alkalinity of functioning more appropriately? plasma is maintained by organic substance . (a) Electrocardiogram (b) Echocardiogram (c) Stethoscope (d) Lipid profile (2) Organic substances - Plasma proteins, digested RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist nutrients, excretory substances, hormones, antigens etc. Ans : (b) An echocardiogram is an ultrasound image of the heart that describes cardiac functioning more The main function of plasma is to circulate digested appropriately. Echocardiograms are used to diagnose food and hormones in the body. heart problems. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test 119. Which of the following options is not true which measures the electrical activity of heart to show about red blood cells? whether or not it is working normally. (a) Work-Transport of oxygen and carbon 114. What is the approximate value of pH of dioxide 'human blood'? (b) Shape - circular and biconcave. (a) 7.4 (b) 8.1 (c) 6.7 (d) 7.9 (c) Length - 5.7µm RPF SI 24.12.2018 (Shift - I) (d) Hemoglobin - present RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (c) Red blood cells are also called erythrocytes. 124. Choose the option that is not true about the These corpuscles are formed in the bone marrow. The vascular system - mature human red blood cell is small, round, and (a) It is about 7-8% of body weight. biconcave; it appears dumbbell-shaped in profile. RBC (b) Blood flows at high pressure, jerks and faster contains iron-rich protein called hemoglobin. in them. Hemoglobin participates in the transport of oxygen and (c) Blood is commonly called ‘river of life’. carbon dioxide. Their life span is about 120 days. The (d) The size of human heart is like a closed fist. length of the RBC is 7.0 micrometers. RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II) 120. Which of the following vein collects blood from RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I) the anterior parts of the body? Ans : (b) The human heart originates from the (a) Ventricle (b) Aorta mesoderm, which is the size of a closed fist. The (c) Superior Vena Cava (d) Inferior Vena Cava circulatory system is about 7-8% of body weight. Blood RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II) is commonly called ‘river of life’. Blood flows at high Ans : (c) Superior Vena Cava collects blood from the pressures, jerks, and faster in arteries while blood flows anterior parts of the body. Blood is returned in heart slowly, at low pressure in veins. through two paired pulmonary veins, Superior Vena 125. Choose the option that is not true about the Cava and Inferior Vena Cava. circulatory system: 121. Choose the option that is not true about the (a) Blood flows at high pressure, jerks and faster ciculatory system. in them. (a) Blood is red vascular connective tissue. (b) It is about 7-8% of body weight. (c) Blood is commonly called 'river of life'. (b) There is about 6.8 liters of blood in an adult (d) Human RBCs have lifespan of 15-20 days. person. RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Life span of human RBCs is 115-120 days. Ans. (d) Blood is thick, opaque and alkaline fluid. The (d) It forms about 17-18% of the body weight. amount of blood in human body is about 7-8% of body RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II) weight. The amount of blood in an adult human is 5-6 RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I) litres. Red blood cells (RBCs) located in the blood are Ans : (d) The circulatory system or vascular system is a the most important cells of the blood. RBC has an set of organs that transports nutrients between the body's average lifespan of 120 days. Blood is a fluid cells. It protects the body from diseases and keeps the connective tissue that helps the cells of the body to body temperature and pH constant. This system is usually transport essential substances , nutrients and oxygen. 7% to 8% of the total body weight. Hence, it is called the 'River of Life'. 122. Which of the following is NOT found in human 126. Blood is . . .. ... . tissue. blood? (a) Muscle (b) Vessel (a) Leucocyte (b) Chondrocyte (c) Connective (d) Nerve (c) Lymphocyte (d) Monocyte RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Blood is a fluid connective tissue in which blood Ans.(b) Blood is a specialized body fluid. It has four cells, plasma, hemoglobin, protein etc. are present. The main components: Plasma, Red blood cells colour of blood is red due to the presence of a pigment (Erythrocytes), White blood cells (Leucocytes), and called heme in hemoglobin. Platelets. Types of white blood cells are granulocytes 127. The largest corpuscles in human blood is …… . (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, (a) Lymphatic cells and lymphocytes (T-cells and B- cells). Blood performs (b) Cells coloured with alkali colour different functions. The chondrocyte is the resident cell (c) Red cells of cartilage that is a prominent tissue in the embryo. It is (d) White cells not found in human blood. RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III) 123. Which of the following cells, present in the Ans : (d) The largest corpuscles in human blood are human body, does not have nucleus? white blood corpuscles. Their diameter is about 12 to 15 (a) Erythrocytes (b) Nerve cells micrometers. It is larger than the red blood corpuscles (c) Nonlinear nerve fibres (d) White cells (about 8.0 micrometers) in size but is tiny, colourless, RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III) nucleated and less in number. The shape of a WBC is Ans : (a) Erythrocytes (Red Blood Corpuscles) do not irregular like Amoeba. have a nucleus. RBCs are formed in the bone marrow. 128. ........ does not have collagen. Protein, iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid are helpful in (a) Kidney (b) Blood the formation of RBCs. RBCs have a life span of 115 to (c) Heart (d) Liver 120 days. RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (b) Connective tissue ranges from soft tissue to 133. What is cardiac cycle? special types of tissue such as cartilage, bone, fatty (a) One pulsation and one pulse rate tissue, and blood. In all connective tissues except (b) A nervous and a pleural cycle blood, the cells secrete fibres of structural proteins (c) A cycle of systole and diastole of the heart called collagen or elastin. They provide strength, (d) Opening of atrioventricular valve twice elasticity and flexibility to the tissue. Collagen is found RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II) in liver, kidney and heart. It is slightly sticky, red coloured and a living tissue. It consists of plasma and Ans. (c) The cardiac cycle is defined as a cycle which blood particles. There are three types of blood includes all the events associated with one heart beat. corpuscles – Cardiac cycle consist of contraction (systole) and (1) Red blood corpuscles relaxation (diastole) of both atria and ventricles. The (2) White blood corpuscles average adult person has 65 to 75 heartbeats (cardiac (3) Platelets cycles) per minute. One complete cardiac cycle takes 129. Which of the following metals is present in about 0.8 seconds. hemoglobin? 134. The smallest blood vessel is called: (a) Fe (b) Ca (a) Artery (b) Capillary (c) K (d) Al (c) Vena Cava (d) Vein RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (a) Hemoglobin is a type of protein found in Ans.(d) Capillaries, the smallest and most numerous of blood cells. Hemoglobin is made up of two words - the blood vessels, form the connection between the heme + globin. Human blood is red due to heme and globin is an iron-containing protein, which has vessels that carry blood away from the heart (arteries) tremendous ability to combine oxygen and carbon and the vessels that return blood to the heart (veins). dioxide. The primary function of capillaries is the exchange of materials between the blood and tissue cells. 130. Cardiac muscle cells are: (a) Cylindrical, branched and multinucleated. 135. ............. is divided into four parts. (b) Cylindrical, branched and uninucleated. (a) Lung (b) Kidney (c) Cylindrical, unbranched and uninucleated. (c) Stomach (d) Heart (d) Elongated, branched and multinucleated. RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (d) The heart is divided into four parts. Two atria Ans. (b) Cardiac muscle cells are a type of involuntary and two ventricles. muscle cells. These muscle cells are cylindrical, branched and uninucleated. They contract and relax 136. Exchange of respiratory gases occurs through. . rapidly, rhythmically and tirelessly throughout life. . . . in lungs. Relaxation and contraction of cardiac muscles help to (a) Bronchiole (b) Bronchi pump blood and distribute blood in various part of (c) Alveoli (d) Trachea body. RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-III) 131. Cardiac muscles are …………. Ans. (c) Gas exchange takes place in the millions of (a) Fusiform, unbranched multinucleated and alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelope them. uninucleated 137. Which of the following can be compared to (b) Cylindrical, branched and uninucleated. soldiers? (c) Cylindrical, unbranched and uninucleated. (a) Red blood cells (b) Plasma (d) Fusiform, unbranched and uninucleated. (c) Blood platelets (d) White blood cells RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I) 132. Which of the following is the duct that Ans. (d) White blood cells are important component of originates from the heart and transports blood the innate immune system in the human body. These are to various organs in the body? also called leukocytes. Their number is about 7,500 in (a) Veins one cubic mm of blood of human. It is colourless or (b) Blood cells leading to the lungs white in colour. These are immune cells protecting the (c) Artery body from infectious diseases and foreign invader (d) Pulmonary arteries substances, so they are compared as soldiers fighting RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I) diseases in the body. Ans. (c) The ducts that originate from the heart and 138. The wall of the ventricle is …… than the wall distribute the blood to different parts of the body, are of the atrium. called arteries. They usually carry pure blood, but (a) thicker (b) shorter impure blood flows from the heart to the lungs in the (c) thinner (d) larger pulmonary artery. RRB JE 2014 Ans : (a) The human heart is a muscular organ, which 143. The heart is covered by two layers of is shaped like our fist. Our heart is four chambered, membranes. What are these membranes consisting of two atrium and two ventricles. The called? ventricles are larger than the atrium and their walls are (a) Pulmonary membrane also thicker than the atria because they have to pump (b) Pericardial membrane blood out of the heart. (c) Prequel membrane 139. Karl Landsteiner is known for: (d) Systematic membrane (a) Isolated the DNA RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Discovery of blood group classification Ans : (b) The heart is covered by two layers of (c) Identified the Zika Virus membranes. These membranes are called pericardial membranes. It acts like a thin sac or a cover for the (d) Studied the nervous system. heart. The heart wall composed of three layers; RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Epicardium, Myocardium and Endocardium. It contains Ans. (b) Karl Landsteiner, Austrian-American pericardial fluid, which protects the heart from the immunologist and pathologist received Nobel Prize for effects of contraction and expansion of the diaphragm Physiology or Medicine in the year 1930 for his of the lungs. discovery of the major blood groups and development 144. What are the micro-tubules called through of the ABO system of blood. which blood flows from the arteries into the 140. Which of the following is not true about WBC? veins? (a) Size -18-24 µm (a) Corpuscles (b) Cells (b) Shape – Amoebic or circular (c) Capillaries (d) Calories (c) They act as ‘soldiers’ and kill pathogens. RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II) (d) Nucleus - nucleated Ans. (c) The micro tubules through which blood flows RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II) from the arteries into the veins are called capillaries. Ans : (a) White Blood Cells (WBC) size is 12-17µm. 145. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Its shape and composition is amoebic or circular. They circulatory system? mainly act as soldiers in the body; kill germs and (a) Large intestine (b) Heart protect them from infection of diseases. The nuclei is (c) Blood (d) Arteries found in their nucleus whereas it has no fixed shape. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 141. Which of the following statements is Ans. (a) Large intestine is not a part of circulatory INCORRECT? system. The circulatory system consists of three (a) Blood protects the body from disease independent systems that work together: the heart (b) Blood carries carbon dioxide from the body (cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), and arteries, cells to the lungs veins, coronary and portal vessels (systemic). The (c) Blood helps in sensory inputs system is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients, (d) Blood carries oxygen from the lungs to the oxygen and other gases, and as well as hormones to other parts of the body and from cells. RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to all the 146. Purkinje fibres areas specialized as: parts of the body so they can keep working. Blood (a) Neurons in the brain carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the (b) Cells in blood lungs, kidneys and digestive system to be removed (c) Glandular cells in the skin from the body. Blood fights infections and also carries (d) Nerve fibres in the heart hormones around the body. RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) 142. Which of the following is not true about the Ans. (d) Purkinje fibers are specialized in nerve fibres vascular system? in the heart. (a) An adult person has about 6.8 litres of blood 147. What is the normal pulse rate of humans? (b) Vascular system forms about 7-8% of body (a) 80–90 beats per minute weight. (b) 97 beats per minute (c) The life span of human RBC is 115–120 days (c) 70 - 80 beats per minute (d) Blood is white or red vascular connective (d) 2 beats per minute tissue. RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (c) The normal pulse rate of humans is 70–80 Ans : (d) Blood is a type of fluid connective tissue. beats per minute. Plasma is the basic liquid part of the blood. Red blood cells (RBC), White blood cells (WBC) and platelets are 148. What are the small blood vessels under our suspended in Plasma. Plasma also contains proteins, skin called? salts and hormones. Blood carries gases, digested food, (a) Nerve (b) Cell hormones and excretory substances from one part of the (c) Vein (d) Capillary body to another. RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) The small blood vessels under our skin are process is similar in anaerobic respiration and aerobic called capillaries. respiration. This entire process takes place in cytoplasm. The discovery of glycolysis was carried out 149. Which among devices controls the heart rate of by three German biologists, Gustav Embden, Otto patients? Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. It is also called the (a) Respirator (b) Pacemaker EMP path. (c) CATH scanner (d) ECG machine 154. Trachea is part of which of the following RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-IV) human systems? Ans. (b) The pacemaker device controls the heart rate (a) Circulatory system (b) Digestive system of patients. (c) Excretory system (d) Respiratory system 150. Which of the following carries blood from the RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist heart to the kidneys? Ans. (d) The trachea is part of the lower respiratory (a) Renal vein (b) Coronary artery tract, along with the lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, and (c) Renal artery (d) Vena cava alveoli. RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 155. Trachea is a part of the ______ system of the Ans. (c) Blood vessel is a vessel in the human or human body. animal body in which blood circulates. The vesseles (a) Cardiac (b) Respiratory that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries (c) Excretory (d) Digestive and their small branches are arterioles. The Renal RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist arteries are the part of circulatory system. They carry Ans. (b) Trachea is a part of the respiratory system of large amounts of blood from the aorta (hearts main the human body. Trachea, commonly known as the artery) to the kidneys. windpipe, is a tube about 4 inches long and less than 151. Pulse beat is measured by ………. an inch in diameter in most people. The trachea begins just under the larynx (voice box) and runs down (a) Nerve (b) Capillary behind the breastbone (sternum). The trachea then (c) Vein (d) Artery divides into two smaller tubes called bronchi: one RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-IV) bronchus for each lung. The trachea is composed of Ans. (d) Pulse beat is measured by artery. about 20 rings of tough cartilage. The back part of each ring is made of muscle and connective tissue. Moist, smooth tissue called mucosa lines the inside of (iii) Respiratory System the trachea. The trachea widens and lengthens slightly with each breath in, returning to its resting size with 152. In humans, respiratory pigments are: each breath out. (a) Chlorophyll (b) Melanin 156. The maximum amount of air that can be (c) Rhodopsin (d) Hemoglobin exhaled after maximal inspiration, is called ... RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) ... ... . Ans : (d) The respiratory pigment found in humans is (a) Residual volume (b) Tidal volume hemoglobin. It is a metal protein transporting iron- (c) Basal volume (d) Lung volume containing oxygen found in the red blood cells (RBCs) RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) of the human body. The hemoglobin present in the Ans. (d) The maximum amount of air that can be blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of exhaled after the maximal inspiration, is called lung the body. The red colour of RBCs is due to a pigment volume. called 'heme' of hemoglobin. 157. Our lungs contain …… cells. 153. The breakdown of glucose to pyruvate takes (a) 100 million (b) 200 million place in the …………… during energy (c) 400 million (d) 300 million production. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II) (a) Nucleus Ans : (d) There are 300 million cells in our lungs. As (b) Endoplasmic reticulum the bronchial tubes pass through lungs, they divide into (c) Cytoplasm smaller air passages called bronchioles. The bronchioles (d) Mitochondria end in tiny balloon-like air sacs called alveoli. Human RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III) lungs have about 600 million alveoli.Thus, about 400– 800 ft2 surface area is available for the exchange of Ans : (c) The breakdown of glucose to pyruvate takes respiratory gases in human lungs. place in the cytoplasm during energy production.The process of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. 158. Which of the following is included in exhale? Glycolysis- In this process, two molecules of pyruvic (a) Hydrogen (b) Helium acid are formed from one molecule of glucose. This (c) Water vapour (d) Nitrogen reaction does not require oxygen. Therefore, this RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (d) Nitrogen gas is included in the exhale. The 163. Diffusion is a process by which: main function of the lungs is to perform the exchange of (a) Organisms can breathe oxygen and carbon dioxide with air from the (b) Oxygen can move across the WBC atmosphere. (c) Oxygen can move across the plasma 159. Inflammation of the mucous membrane is membrane called ……… (d) Organisms can breed (a) Bronchitis (b) Hepatitis RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Iritis (d) Gastritis Ans.(c) Diffusion is the movement of molecules from RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist higher concentration to lower concentration. This is due Ans : (a) Inflammation of the mucous membrane is to the random movement of the molecules. This process called bronchitis. It is related to respiratory inflammation. occurs throughout the plasma membrane. Some It causes inflammation in the respiratory tract, which examples of diffusion are, on opening the old drink causes breathing problems. bottles the CO2 diffuses in the air, sugar gets dissolved Hepatitis - Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue. evenly and sweetens the water when dissolved in it etc. Iritis- Relates to inflammation of the eye. 164. What is exhaled in human respiration? Gastritis- is associated with inflammation of the (a) Mixture of gases (b) Carbon monoxide stomach. (c) Oxygen (d) Carbon dioxide 160. When respiration takes place even in the RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist absence of oxygen, it is called Ans : (d) The gas exhaled by humans into respiration is ______respiration. carbon dioxide. (a) Circulatory (b) Anaerobic 165. What is the function of alveoli? (c) Aerobic (d) Contracted (a) To aid in absorption of food RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) To purify blood Ans.(b) Anaerobic respiration is the type of (c) To help digest food respiration through which cells can break down sugars (d) To provide a surface where exchange of gases to generate energy in the absence of oxygen. take place Aerobic respiration is the process by which organisms RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist use oxygen to turn fuel, such as fats and sugars, into chemical energy. Ans. (d) Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that provide a surface where exchange of gases take place, 161. In the respiration process, complex organic allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the compounds such as glucose are broken down to lungs and bloodstream. There are three overall provide energy in the form of______ . processes involved in breathing: (a) CAL (b) ATP - moving air in and out of lungs (ventilation) (c) NAC (d) PTA - oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange (diffusion) RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist - pumping blood through lungs (perfusion) Ans.(b) During the process of respiration, the complex Alveoli are the center of respiratory system’s gas carbon compounds usually break into the form of ATP exchange. The alveoli pick up the incoming energy (Adenosine - Tri Phosphate). ATP is the energy (oxygen) breathe in and release the outgoing waste currency of cell. It is a organic compound composed of product (carbon dioxide) breathe out. the phosphate groups, adenine and the sugar ribose. 166. Which life process converts chemical energy 162. When does aerobic respiration take place? into heat energy? (a) Breakdown of food in the cell with the release (a) Circulation (b) Nutrition of energy (c) Respiration (d) Excretion (b) Breakdown of glucose without the use of RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I) oxygen Ans. (c) Respiration takes place inside the cell of (c) Breakdown of food without using oxygen organisms, in which nutrients are used to obtain (d) Breakdown of glucose with the use of oxygen biochemical energy. There are two types of respiration: RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Anaerobic respiration and Aerobic respiration Ans. (d) Respiration releases energy stored in glucose 1. Aerobic respiration - Aerobic respiration uses and without it these cells would die. There are two oxygen. Respiration takes place in the presence of types of respiration: oxygen is called Aerobic respiration. In this Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen respiration, there is complete oxidation of food and and in most cells most of the time. CO2 and H2O are produced as well as energy Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and consequently. much less frequently than aerobic respiration. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 K.Cal 2. Anaerobic Respiration - Anaerobic respiration is Ans : (c) Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and respiration without oxygen. Respiration takes place flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic creates vaccum, which pulls air into the lungs upon respiration. There is incomplete oxidation of exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and return to its glucose by anaerobic respiration and as a result, original shape, and air is forced out of the lungs. two molecules of CO2 and ethyl alcohol are 172. Exhalation occurs by …………. produced from one molecule of glucose. (a) Lung inflation C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 56 K.Cal energy (b) Lung deflation 167. What is aerobic respiration? (c) Inhalation of air (a) Respiration without molecular oxygen (d) Breakdown of diaphragm (b) Respiration in the presence of oxygen RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Respiration through the skin Ans. (b) Exhalation occurs by lung deflation (d) Respiration through gills (contraction). Mammals have a pair of flexible and RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) spongy lungs, through which air is inhaled and exhaled at a fixed rate, which is called breathing. Breathing Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. takes place in two parts viz., inhalation and exhalation. 168. Where does breakdown of pyruvic acid occur, 173. The breathing process involves –––––. using energy? (a) Inspiration and Expiration (a) Pancreas (b) Liver (b) Cellular respiration and Fermentation (c) Mitochondria (d) Nucleus (c) Inflation and Expansion RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) (d) Access and Incorporation Ans : (c) Using energy, breakdown of pyruvic acid RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III) occurs in mitochondria. This process takes place in Ans. (a) The breathing process involves inspiration and Krebs cycle. Krebs cycle is also called the tricarboxylic expiration. acid cycle. Krebs cycle was discovered by British 174. In the human body, inspiration respiratory and scientist Hans Krebs in 1937 AD. Mitochondria stores expiratory pigment is. . . . energy in the form of ATP, hence it is also called (a) Pheomelanin (b) Hemoglobin ‘Power House of the Cell’. (c) Melanin (d) Eumelanin 169. The incomplete breakdown of the substance in RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III) the absence of oxygen is called ………. Ans : (b) All the cells of RBCs in the human body are (a) Difference respiration filled with hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is made up of the (b) Anaerobic respiration pigment called 'heme' and the iron-rich protein globin. (c) Aerobic respiration The blood is red in colour due to ‘heme’ pigment, while iron-rich protein globin has the unique ability to (d) Vascular respiration combine oxygen and carbon dioxide, that is why blood RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II) circulates respiratory gases in the body. Ans. (b) Respiration in the absence of oxygen is called 175. Which one of the following connects O2 to anaerobic respiration. There is incomplete oxidation of provide energy in our body? glucose done by anaerobic respiration and as a result, (a) Glycogen (b) Fatty acid two molecules of CO2 and ethyl alcohol are produced (c) Amino acids (d) Glucose from one molecule of glucose. RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III) C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 56 K.Cal energy Ans. (d) Glucose binds O2 to provide energy in our This process occurs in the presence of bacteria or yeast body. Glucose is the simplest carbohydrate. It is soluble cells. in water and its chemical formula is C6H12O6. It is sweet 170. When our muscle cells lack oxygen during in taste and is the primary source of energy for living energy production, the 6-carbon molecule is cells. converted into ............. carbon molecule. 176. Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence (a) 5 (b) 2 of……….. . (c) 3 (d) 1 (a) Oxygen (b) Ozone RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Carbon monoxide (d) Carbon dioxide Ans. (c) During energy production, when our muscle RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II) cells are deficient in oxygen, the 6-carbon molecule is Ans : (a) Anaerobic respiration is the metabolic converted into a 3-carbon molecule. process in which oxygen is absent, and only the stage of glycolysis is completed. This occurs in micro- 171. During inhalation, lungs are filled with air due organisms, but is also a temporary response to oxygen- to… less condition in the cells of multicellular organisms, (a) Lung failure (b) Lung contraction such as humans.The respiratory process of pneumatic (c) Lung inflation (d) Lungs relaxation organisms uses molecular oxygen, which is a very RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I) powerful oxidizing agent. 182. Where is urea formed? (iv) Excretory System (a) Pancreas (b) Liver (c) Small intestine (d) Kidney 177. In human beings, excretory products in the RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III) form of soluble nitrogen compounds are removed by the _______ in the kidneys. Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Mitochondria (b) Nutrition 183. ............ are fleshy tubes that allow to move (c) Nephrons (d) Nucleus urine from the kidneys towards the bladder. RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Uterus (b) Ureter Ans.(c) In human beings, excretory products in the (c) Renal pelvis (d) Bile ducts form of soluble nitrogen compounds are removed by the RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) nephrons in the kidneys. Each of our kidney is made up Ans : (b) Each ureter is a muscular tube that drains of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus and a into the bladder. Smooth muscle contractions in the renal tubule. The nephrons work through a two-step walls of the ureters, over time, send the urine in small process : the glomerulus filters blood, and the tubule spurts into the bladder.The bladder is a hollow returns needed substances to our blood and removes muscular organ shaped like a balloon. The renal pelvis wastes. functions as a funnel for urine flowing to the ureter. 178. The kidneys are not only the excretory 184. Whose primary function is to eliminate the organs but also complementary to …….. . waste material from the blood by urine (a) Liver (b) Heart formation? (c) Large intestine (d) Skin (a) Kidney (b) Liver RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) (c) Pancreas (d) Small intestine Ans : (a) The kidneys are complementary to the liver along with excretory organs. The ornithine cycle is a RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-III) cycle in the liver during which urea is produced from Ans. (a) : The kidney is the excretory organ of humans. ammonia. It is a mechanism that occurs in ureotelic There are two kidneys in the body. Their shape is like animals. Kidneys also act to excrete urea. bean seeds. Its outer part is called cortex and inner part 179. Each kidney has a large number of filtration is called medulla. Each kidney is made up of about 10 units called: lakh micro-tubes called renal tubules or Nephrons. (a) Neurons (b) Nerves Nephron is the functional unit of kidney. Its main (c) Nephrons (d) Nucleus function is to eliminate toxic excretory substances from RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist the blood. Ans.(c) Each kidney is made up of about a million 185. The filtration units of human kidneys are filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron filters a called ........ . small amount of blood. Nephron filters all the blood in (a) Neutrons (b) Nephron the body from 20 to 25 times per day, and in doing so keep the blood components stable. (c) Neurons (d) Protons 180. Nephron is associated with - RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Respiratory system (b) Nervous system Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Circulatory system (d) Excretory system 186. The structural unit of kidney is RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) (a) Neuron (b) Cytone Ans.(d) Nephron is associated with excretory system. (c) Ketone (d) Nephron Each nephron is made up of a malpighian body, which RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III) is made up of a Bowman capsule and network of blood cells. Nephron is known as structural and functional Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question. unit of the kidney. 187. Which of the following is not a part of the 181. ............. converts ammonia (i.e. toxic) into urea human excretory system? in humans? (a) Kidney (b) Urinary duct (a) Kidney (b) Liver (c) Uterus (d) Urethra (c) Pancreas (d) large intestine RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans : (c) Kidney, urinary duct and urethra are organs Ans : (b) Urea formation naturally occurs during the related to the human excretory system, while the uterus breakdown process of proteins. This process leads to the is the organ related to reproduction. release of amino groups from the amino acids present in the protein. These amino groups are converted into 188. Which of the following compounds is the most highly toxic ammonia (NH3) and this ammonia i.e common compound that forms kidney stones? produced is eventually converted to urea by the liver. (a) Calcium oxalate (b) Magnesium oxide Urea is formed by the ornithine cycle, in which (c) Sodium bicarbonate (d) Magnesium citrate ammonia is converted into urea. RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (a) Most kidney stones are calcium stones, 194. In which disease treatment, dialysis is usually in the form of calcium oxalate ( CaC2O4). involved? Oxalate is a naturally occurring substance found in (a) Cancer (b) Astigmatism food. (c) Renal failure (d) Arthritis 189. Which human body organ is involved in the RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist purification of blood? Ans : (c) Uremia is a major symptom of renal failure.It (a) Heart (b) Gall bladder is a dangerous condition that occurs when the kidneys (c) Kidney (d) Spleen no longer filter properly. Dialysis is the main treatment RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist option for uremia. Dialysis is when the removal of Ans(c) : Kidney is an organ involved in the purification wastes, extra fluids, and toxins from bloodstream is of blood because the process of filtration takes place in handled artificially instead of by kidneys through the glomeruli of Nephron, the structural unit of the Hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is a procedure where a kidney. Respiratory system consists of nasal cavity, dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial trachea, pharynx, lungs etc. Through inhalation, oxygen kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean blood. This reaches each part of the body and carbon dioxide is process is boon for uremic patients in the world. released. The vein carries impure blood and the arteries 195. The process of dialysis is related to- carry pure blood to various organs of the body. (a) Liver (b) Lungs 190. Nephrology is associated with .............. (c) Stomach (d) Kidney (a) Liver (b) Lung RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Kidney (d) Duodenum Ans : (d) See explanation of above question. RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 196. Dialysis is used when a patient has a serious Ans : (c) Nephrology is related to kidney. trouble with - 191. Kidney failure is treated periodically on a (a) Lungs (b) Heart kidney machine. The process is known as (c) Liver (d) Kidney ______. RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-IV) (a) Hemodialysis (b) Metabolism Ans. (d) Dialysis is used when a patient has severe (c) Circulation (d) Excretion renal problem. RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 197. Ultrafiltration is related to: Ans.(a) Hemodialysis is the process of cleaning the (a) Respiration (b) Digestion blood of toxins, extra salt and fluids through a dialysis (c) Excretion (d) Expansion machine. It helps to maintain proper chemical balance such as potassium, sodium and chloride and keeps RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II) blood pressure under control. Ans : (c) Ultrafiltration is related to excretion. This ultrafiltration occurs in the kidney. The human kidney 192. A dialyser, a machine used to clean a patient's blood, is also known as an artificial: purify the blood through ultrafiltration. (a) Intestine (b) Heart 198. Vas deferens unites with the tube coming from (c) Kidney (d) Lung ...to form a common passage called the urethra. RRB NTPC 08.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Scrotum Ans.(c) Hemodialysis is a treatment to filter wastes and (b) Testis water from blood, as kidneys did when they were (c) Prostate gland healthy. Hemodialysis helps control blood pressure and (d) Bladder balance important minerals, such as potassium, sodium, RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II) and calcium, in blood. During hemodialysis, blood goes Ans : (d) The bladder is the internal organ that collects through a filter, called a dialyzer, outside body. A urine produced by the kidneys before urinary excretion. dialyzer is also called as ‘artificial kidney’. Vas deferens diffusely unites with the tube coming from 193. Which of the following is not a part of human the bladder to form a common passage. excretory system? 199. We can control the stimulation of urination: (a) Collecting duct (b) Glomerulus (a) When the muscular bladder is under nerve (c) Bowman's capsule (d) Bronchiole control. RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (b) When the sphincter muscle is present between Ans.(d) Bronchiole is not a part of human excretory the bladder and urethra. system. It is a part of lungs which carries air to the (c) When there is less water in the bladder. lungs. Collecting duct, Glomerulus and Bowman's (d) Bladder not filling easily. Capsule are the parts of kidney. RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (a) The mechanism, by which regulation of 204. –––––– is a 20 cm long tube, which carries various organs and homeostasis are maintained with urine from the bladder. environment is called nervous system. The nervous (a) Scrotum (b) Urethra system is composed of the brain, spinal cord and the (c) Penis (d) Testis nerves arising from it. Stimulation of urination is an RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I) involuntary action that is controlled by the nervous control of the muscular bladder. Ans. (b) The urethra is a tube extending from the internal urethral orifice located in the bladder to the 200. Find odd one out: external urethral orifice through which urine passes out. (a) Nissl's granules In men, the urethra is about 20 cm. There is a long tube (b) Proximal convoluted tubule (8 inches) which acts as an aperture for both urine and (c) Distal convoluted tubule semen. Urethra in women is about 4 cm. (1.5 inches) (d) Bowman Capsule long, which serves only the urinary system. RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (a) Nissl's granules are found in neurons while other terms in the options are related to kidney. Nissl's (v) Nervous System granules are of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) 205. Which part of the brain regulates breathing? with rosettes of free ribosomes, and are the site of (a) Mid brain (b) Fore brain protein synthesis. (c) Medulla (b) Cerebellum 201. Which of these organs is not related to the RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I) excretory system? Ans : (c) The medulla is the lowest part of the brain (a) Coronary artery (b) Renal artery column. It is situated between the pons on the top and (c) Hepatic vein (d) Pulmonary vein the spinal cord on the bottom. The medulla has RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II) coordination centres of heart pulsation rate and Ans : (a) The coronary artery carries oxygenated blood intensity, diameter of blood vessels, breathing rate, food to the heart. It is part of the circulatory system. The ingestion, coughing, sneezing, hiccups, tongue hepatic vein, renal artery and pulmonary vein are part of movements, etc. that regulate these responses of human. the excretory system. The major function of the excretory system is to eliminate nitrogenous wastes 206. Name the structure of the eye that acts to from the body. Excretion is the process of excreting refract light rays and focus on the retina? toxic and waste substances produced as a result of (a) Cornea (b) Pupil metabolic activities. (c) Lens (b) Iris 202. ............... is present in the lining of the renal RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) tubule. Ans. (c) The structure of the eye, which acts to refract (a) Columnar epithelium light rays and focus on the retina, is called a lens. (b) Parenchyma 207. Nodes of Ranvier are microscopic gaps found (c) Cuboidal epithelium within ………. . (d) Squamous epithelium (a) Myelinated axons (b) Osteoblasts RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Glandular cells (d) Chondroblasts Ans. (c) : Cuboidal epithelium is present in the lining RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) of the renal tubule. These cuboidal cells have large, spherical and central nuclei. Simple cuboidal epithelia Ans. (a) Nodes of Ranvier are microscopic gaps found are found on the surface of ovaries, the lining of within myelinated axons. The Nodes of Ranvier are the nephrons, the walls of the renal tubules, and parts of the gaps between the myelin insulation of Schwann cells eye and thyroid. On these surfaces, the cells perform which insulate the axon of neuron. These refract the secretion and absorption. neuron's axis. Schwann cells are also called glial cells. 203. In humans, which of the following is the 208. Which of the following is the main thinking function of the nephrons? part of the human brain? (a) Nutrition (b) Excretion (a) Hind-brain (b) Cerebellum (c) Transport (d) Respiration (c) Mid- brain (d) Fore- brain RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III) RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (b) The function of the nephrons in the human Ans : (d) Forebrain is highly developed in humans and body is excretion. Excretion is the process of excreting is the centre of all intelligence, consciousness, toxic and waste substances produced as a result of willpower, knowledge, memory, speech, thinking and metabolic activities. Other major functions of the thought collection. Therefore, it provides the ability to kidney include purification of blood, balance of water in read, write, speak, think, future planning, etc. the body, balance of acid and alkali, aid in the The human brain has three parts: (A) Fore-brain, (B) production of blood particles, etc. Mid-brain (C) Hind-brain. The forebrain also controls reflex actions like laughing, Ans. (d) Nerve cells are structural and functional units crying, excretion. It also serves as the center of of the nervous system. Their number in the human body transmission of sensory responses, which contains is about 100 billion (1010). Most of nerve cells are information about hearing, sight, taste, touch, present in the brain. It is made up of neuro blast cells of temperature, pressure, etc. the embryo. They are responsible for the electrical excitability of muscle cells, and they mediate most 209. In which of these organs is the thermostat of forms of electrical signaling in the nervous system. the human body contained? They are specialized for signal transmission. (a) Pineal gland (v) Pituitary gland 213. Which of the following is not a voluntary (c) Thyroid (d) Hypothalamus action? RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) (a) Moving a chair Ans. (d) The hypothalamus is a part of the brain which (b) Beating of heart has many small nuclei with different functions. One of (c) Closing of fist the important functions of the hypothalamus is to (d) Taking an object connect the nervous system to the endocrine system RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III) through the pituitary gland (hypophysis). All vertebrate Ans : (b) When an action is produced with the brains have hypothalamus. In humans, it is shaped like a involvement of thoughts, they are called the voluntary pea shape. action. It involves actions like walking, eating, jumping, Pineal gland - The pineal gland (also called the pineal moving a chair, closing a fist, taking an object and body) is called epiphysis or third eye. It is tiny running etc. These actions are produced consciously. endocrine gland present in veretebrate brain. It produces Both spinal cord and brain are involved and these serotonin derived melatonin which helps maintain coordinate with PNS to generate necessary movements. circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones. Actions which take place without consciousness or willingness of an individual are called the involuntary 210. What is Cyton called? action. Digestion, heart beating, sneezing, etc are few (a) Perikaryon cell examples of involuntary actions. (b) Neurofibril 214. The ECG senses the electric forces generated (c) Stimulation by ………. . (d) Olfactory receptors (a) Stomach (b) Kidney RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Brain (d) Heart RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans : (a) Cyton is also known as perikaryon cell. Ans. (d) The ECG senses the electrical forces generated Cyton is the central spherical part or cell body of a by the heart. neuron containing the nucleus and excluding its 215. Which of the following helps to diagnose heart processes. It mainly contains nucleus connecting the problems? dendrites. Its cytoplasm shows characteristic Nissl's (a) BCG (b) EEG granules. Cyton receives electrical impulses from other (c) ECG (d) ECT neurons through dendrites. It also brings information on RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) the neuron, the axon that would send the information to Ans. (c) ECG helps diagnose heart problems. other neurons. Main function of cell body is to control 216. Which body part is tested by ECG? all functions of cell in the body to work properly. (a) Heart (b) Brain 211. Which of the following is a basic structural and (c) Small intestine (d) Kidney functional unit of the nervous system? RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Nasopalatine (b) Nephron Ans. (a) ECG tests heart mechanism. (c) Neurons (d) Nephric 217. Involuntary actions in humans such as blood RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist pressure, salivation and vomiting are Ans. (c) A neuron or nerve cell is an electrically controlled by the: (a) Medulla (b) Spinal cord excitable cell that communicates with other cells via (c) Pons (d) Hypothalamus specialized connections called synapses. It is the main RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I) component of nervous tissue in all animals except Ans : (a) Involuntary actions takes place without the sponges and placozoa. It is a basic structural and conscious choice of an organism. Involuntary action is functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons are the the set of muscle movement which does not require longest tissue of a human body. thinking but it is controlled by brain for example 212. Dendrites and synapses are associated with: beating of heart. These actions are controlled by the (a) Bark (b) Epithelium medulla. Medulla directly controls certain ANS (c) Retina (d) Nerve cell responses, such as heart rate, breathing, blood vessel RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) dilation, digestion, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting. 218. The ……….. is responsible for precision of 224. In which part of body is cornea and retina voluntary actions and maintaining the posture found? and balance of the body. (a) Ear (b) Eye (a) Mid brain (b) Cerebellum (c) Palm (d) Nose (c) Cerebrum (d) Spinal cord RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (b) The cornea and retina are found in the eye of Ans. (b) The cerebellum is responsible for precision of the human body. voluntary actions and maintaining the posture and 225. On which of the following principle does the balance of the body. human eye work? 219. Thermoregulation in humans is controlled by (a) Scattering of light (b) Dispersion of light …………. . (a) Liver (b) Hypothalamus (c) Refraction of light (d) Reflection of light (c) Heart (d) Lungs RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) Ans. (c) The human eye works on principle ‘ refraction Ans : (b) The hypothalamus gland is a part of the brain. of light’. The secretion of the pituitary gland is regulated by this 226. What is called feature of adaptation of human gland that controls many bodily functions of hunger, eyes to see near and distant objects? thirst, heat, anger, happiness, sexual intercourse. (a) Myopia (b) Accomodation 220. Which part of the human brain is the center of (c) Veteren (d) Reform intelligence, memory and emotions? RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Hypothalamus (b) Cerebrum Ans : (b) Accomodation is feature of adaptation of (c) Corpus (d) Mid brain human eyes to see near and distant objects. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-III) Myopia is the term used to define being shortsighted. Ans : (b) The Cerebrum is the part of the brain which is A myopic person has clear vision when looking at the center of intelligence, memory and emotions. objects close to them, but distant objects will appear Embryologically, the cerebrum is derived from the blurred. Hypermetropia, sometimes called hyperopia, is prosencephalon. It controls posture coordination, balance, the term used to define being longsighted. If a person is movements of voluntary muscles, etc. Its main function is hypermetropic, the image of a nearby object is formed to maintain the balance of the body. It controls the behind the retina. This means that light is focused too contraction of the voluntary muscles of the body. far back in the eye, causing things which are close up to 221. The function of the lens in our eyes is to - appear blurred. Hypermetropia and Myopia, both are (a) Cover the eyes. refractive defects in vision. (b) Send message of images to the brain. 227. Which of the following is NOT a part of the (c) Change the focal distance of the eye. human eye? (d) Protects eyes from injury. (a) Iris (b) Ciliary muscles RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Cornea (d) Cochlea Ans : (c) The function of the lens in our eyes is to RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist change the focal distance of the eye. When the rays of Ans.(d) Cornea, Retina, Iris, Pupil, Aqueous humour, light moving from an object reach the cornea, it is Crystalline lens, Ciliary muscles, Optic nerve, Vitreous refracted and enters the eye.This makes an inverse humour are the parts of the human eye; whereas image of the object on the retina, then the object gives Cochlea (the coiled portion of the labyrinth), Pinna, us straight apperance. Temporal bone, Malleus, Incus, Stapes in oval window, 222. The area of the retina where the vision is Cochlear nerve, Eustachian tube, Tympanic membrane highest is are the parts of the human ear. (a) Vitreous body (b) Blind spot 228. Least distance of distinct vision for normal eye (c) Fovea (d) Choroid is …… . RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-II) (a) 15 cm (b) 20 cm Ans. (c) The area of the retina, where the vision is (c) 25 cm (d) 30 cm highest, is called fovea. RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 223. Which of the following parts allows light to Ans : (c) Least distance of distinct vision for the normal enter into the human eye? eye is 25 cm. The ability of the eye lens to adjust its (a) Retina (b) Iris focal length is called power of accommodation. This is (c) Cornea (d) Pupil done by the ciliary muscles by changing the focal length RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist of eye lens. Ans.(c) Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, the 229. When a person can see only nearby objects, the clear front “window” of the eye. The cornea's refractive condition is called? power bends the light rays in such a way that they pass (a) Hypermetropia (b) Astigmatism freely through the pupil, the opening in the centre of the (c) Myopia (d) Retinopathy iris through which light enters the eye. RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (c) When a person can see only nearby objects, 235. Which of the following is not true about this condition is called myopia. This is because light is cerebellum? focused in front of the retina and, being too far forward (a) It is a part of the hindbrain. in the eye, things at the distance look blurred. (b) It is located in the posterior region of the Shortsightedness is corrected using a concave (curved brain. inwards) lens which is placed in front of a myopic eye, (c) It is a very small part of the brain, about 25%. moving the image back to the retina and making it (d) It consists of three parts, two lateral cerebellar clearer. hemispheres and a central vermix. 230. Which of the following is an eye disorder? RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Sinus (d) Arthritis Ans. (c) The cerebellum is the upper part of the (c) Jaundice (d) Myopia hindbrain. It is about 11% of the brain which is made of RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II) pons and medulla oblongata . The cerebellum is Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. responsible for maintaining equilibrium, transfer of 231. How many muscles are used to control the information, fine adjustments to motor actions, eyeball? coordinating eye movements etc. Coordination and (a) Five (b) Four body balance, posture during walking, riding, standing, (c) Six (d) Seven swimming, running, are all maintained by the RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist cerebellum. Ans : (c) There are six muscles involved in the control 236. For how long does the sensation of sound of the eyeball. They can be divided into two groups; the persist in the human brain? four recti muscles (Superior Rectus, Inferior Rectus, (a) 0.1 s (b) 0.001 s Medial Rectus and Lateral Rectus) and the two oblique (c) 10 s (d) 0.2 s muscles(Superior Oblique, Inferior Oblique). RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II) 232. How much does the human brain weigh? Ans : (a) The sensation of sound remains in our brain (a) About 2% of total body weight for about 0.1 second. Due to the refraction of the sound, (b) About 8% of total body weight it is heard far away in the night than in the day. (c) About 12% of total body weight (d) About 15% of total body weight 237. 'I pulled my hand back from the flame RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist reflexly'. Which organ is responsible for such an action? Ans : (a) The human brain is a group of nerve cells, (a) Cerebrum (b) Spinal cord which are closed in a bone called the cranium of the head. The number of cells in brain remains almost same (c) Pons (d) Cerebellum throughout life. The human brain weighs about 2% RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II) (about 1400 grams) of its total body weight. Ans. (b) The spinal cord of our body is responsible for 233. Pons is a part of human: pulling the hand back from the flame. Sensory reflexes (a) Kidney (b) Adrenal gland transmitted into motor neurons through synapses in grey (c) Brain (d) Heart matter of spinal cord i.e they become motor inductions. RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist These receive sensory information from the body, Ans.(c) Pons is a portion of the brain stem. It is located including fine touch, proprioception, and vibration. The above the medulla oblongata and below the midbrain. It signals originate in nerves found in the skin, bones, or is approximately 2.5 cm long, it serves several joints and travel through interneurons for immediate important functions. It is a bridge between various parts responses and through the dorsal column-medial of the nervous system, including the cerebellum and lemniscus tract for more involved movement. Grey cerebrum. column is responsible for regulating the autonomic 234. Which of the following is true? nervous system through its role in activating the (a) The image formed on the retina is inverted. sympathetic nervous system. (b) The image formed on the retina is twice the 238. The brain is also the coordinating center of the original image. body: (c) The shape of the image formed on the retina (a) Main (b) Vestigial is similar to the object. (c) Secondary (d) Optional (d) The reflection formed on the retina is a RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III) semicircle. RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (a) The brain is an essential part of the body of most animals. Human brain is well- developed. The Ans : (a) The image formed on the retina is inverted and real. The real and inverted image formed on the weight of an adult human brain is about 1350–1400 retina is carried to the brain by the optic nerve in the grams. It is protected within the skull and form of electrical signals. The brain interprets these coordinates muscle movements, maintain posture, and signals and processes the information such that we see balance of the body etc. There are three parts of human the objects erect. brain - 1. Fore-brain, 2. Mid-brain, 3. Hind-brain 239. EEG (electroencephalogram) test is conducted 244. .......... helps the eye to adjust the focal length of for diagnosing ailments of which of the the lens. following organs? (a) Retina (b) Entire eye ball (a) Brain (b) Heart (c) Lens (d) Ciliary body (c) Stomach (d) Lungs RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (a) An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that Ans. (d) The ciliary body helps eye to adjust the focal detects electrical activity in brain using small, metal length of the lens. The ciliary body is the part of the eye disc (electrodes) attached to scalp. Brain cells that includes the ciliary muscle, which controls the communicate via electrical impulses and are active all shape of the lens, and the ciliary epithelium, which the time, even during sleeping. An EEG might also be produces the aqueous humor. The aqueous humor is the helpful for diagnosing or treating the following thin, clear, watery fluid between cornea and lens in disorders. • Brain tumor. eyeball of eye. • Brain damage from head injury 245. ……….. tissue is made up of neurons, which • Inflammation of the brain (Encephalitis) receive and transmit impulses. • Encephalopathy (a) Epithelial (b) Connective • Stroke (c) Nervous (d) Muscular • Sleep disorders RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I) 240. Which of the following is composed of nerve Ans : (c) The control and coordination of motion in fibres that mediate reflex actions and that transmit impulses to and from the brain? animals is done by the nervous and muscular tissues. (a) Muscles (b) Rib cage Nervous tissue is made up of an organized network of (c) Heart (d) Spinal Cord neurons and is capable of transmiting information from RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist one part of the body to another by electrical impulses. Ans. (d) Spinal cord, major nerve tract of vertebrates, 246. Which of these is a nerve cell? extending from the base of the brain through the canal (a) Neuron (b) Orion of nerve fibres that mediate reflex actions and that (c) Nucleus (d) Beon transmit impulses to and from the brain. RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-IV) 241. Which of these is associated with colour vision? Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Optic disc (b) Rods 247. The nature of nerve impulse is: (c) Cones (d) Iris (a) Electrical (b) Chemical RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Physical (d) Electrochemical Ans. (c) Cone cells are related to colour vision. RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I) 242. How much does the human brain weigh in Ans : (d) The nervous system is made up of sensory grams? (a) 1800-2000 (b) 120-140 organs, nerves, brain, spinal cord and nerve cells. The (c) 1200-1400 (d) 250-300 unit of the nervous system is a neuron. A nerve impulse RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II) can be defined as an electrical signal which generates Ans : (c) The weight of human brain in grams is 1200 - along the length of the axon due to differential 1400 grams. The brain is the central information and distribution and permeability to the sodium and transmission organ of the human body. It performs the potassium ions. It is caused due to the activities of functions of movement, balance, heat control, hunger pumps and channel proteins. At the axon terminal, the and thirst, transportation, activities of many endocrine electrical impulse is changed into the chemical form via glands and control of human behavior. It is also the site the release of the neurotransmitters like acetylcholine of seeing, hearing, speaking, recollection, sharpness, feelings and thoughts. into the synapse or the end plate. So, the nature of nerve 243. The cerebellum is related to- impulse is electrochemical. (a) Memory and hunger 248. The amount of light entering the eye is (b) Thinking controlled by: (c) All involuntary actions (a) Pupil (b) Cornea (d) Rotation and control of muscles (c) Retina (d) Sclera RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) The cerebellum, part of the posterior brain, is Ans : (a) The amount of light entering the eye is also called mesencephalon. It controls coordination, controlled by pupil. The iris opens and closes to control balance, movements of voluntary muscles, etc. Its main the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil. function is to maintain the balance of the body and The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris where control the contraction of the voluntary muscles. light enters the eye. 249. The pupil is a part of …………. . Ans. (c) Dendrites are projections of a neuron (nerve (a) Bone marrow (b) Eye cell) that receive signals (information) from other (c) Gall bladder (d) Kidney neurons. The transfer of information from one neuron RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) to another is achieved through chemical signals and Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. electric impulses, i.e. electrochemical signals. 250. ............ controls involuntary actions such as 256. Each neuron is formed of a cytone (cell body), coughing and sneezing? from which arises a number of small branched (a) Medulla (b) Brain processes called- (c) Pons (d) Cerebellum (a) Axon RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Sympathetic division Ans. (a) The medulla oblongata is responsible for (c) Reflex action regulating several basic functions of the autonomic (d) Dendrites nervous system, including respiration, cardiac function, RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I) vasodilation, and reflexes like vomiting, coughing, Ans. (d) Each neuron is formed of a cytone (cell body), sneezing, and swallowing. from which arises a number of small branched processes 251. ............is the space between two neurons. called dendrites.These are branch-like structures that (a) Dendrite (b) Synapse receive messages from other neurons and allow the (c) Axon (d) Cerebrospinal fluid transmission of messages to the cell body. Neurons are RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I) the building blocks of the nervous system. They receive Ans : (b) Synapse is the space between two and transmit signals to different parts of the body. This is neurons.The transmission of nerve impulses from one carried out in both physical and electrical forms. There neuron to another neuron is completed by synapse. are several different types of neurons that facilitate the Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous transmission of information. system. It consists of dendrites, axon and soma. Axon is a tube-like structure that carries electrical Dendrites are the small extension of nerve cells that impulse from the cell body to the axon terminals that receives signals from sensory receptors or other passes the impulse to another neuron. neurons.The long extension of cell body of nerve cell is Synapse is the chemical junction between the terminal of called as axon that serves to conduct the nerve impulse one neuron and dendrites of another neuron. away from the cell body. 257. In which part of a neuron is information acquired? 252. Synapse is the point at which a nervous impulse passes from: (a) Cell body (b) Nerve ending (a) One epithelial cell to another (c) Dendrite (d) Axon (b) One neuron to another RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) One endocrine gland to another Ans. (c) The part of neuron that acquires information is (d) The brain to the spinal cord dendrite and the part of neuron through which information travels as an electrical impulse is axon. The RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist transfer of information from neuron to neuron takes Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. place through the release of chemical substance into the 253. The junction between two neurons is called: space between the axon and the dendrites. (a) Nodes of Ranvier (b) Motor end plate 258. Involuntary actions such as breathing, (c) Synapse (d) Gap junction salivation and peristalsis are controlled by: RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) (a) Medulla oblongata (b) Cerebellum Ans. (c) The junction between two neurons is called (c) Cerebrum (d) Hypothalamus synapse. RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 254. The main thinking part of the brain is Ans.(a) Involuntary actions such as breathing, (a) Medulla (b) Forebrain salivation and peristalsis are controlled by Medulla (c) Spinal cord (d) Mid-brain oblongata. Medulla oblangata is a part of the brain RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III) which regulates functions like respiration, sneezing and Ans : (b) Cerebrum(a major part of forebrain) is the main blood circulation. thinking part of brain. It has sensory, motor and association 259. Which of the following is not true for areas. The forebrain is main thinking part of the brain. It cerebellum? is considered to be the largest of the brain and the major (a) It maintains equilibrium of the body. part of the central nervous system. (b) It controls activities like speaking, seeing, 255. The branch like structure of neurons is called smelling, tasting, listening, intelligence etc. ……….. . (c) It is located in posterior region behind the (a) End bulb (b) Axon brain (c) Dendrite (d) Cell (d) It is a part of hind-brain. RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (b) The cerebellum is a part of hind-brain. It organism. Movement of food in the stomach, maintains equilibrium of body and controls contraction contraction - expansion of blood vessels and pumping of voluntary muscles. It does not control activities like of heart are examples of involuntary muscle action. speaking, seeing, smelling, tasting, hearing and Involuntary actions are opposite of voluntary actions intelligence etc. They are controlled by the cerebrum. that occur because of choice. 260. The image , formed on the retina of the human 264. How many spinal nerves are there in human eye is: body? (a) Real and inverted (b) Virtual and inverted (a) 31 pairs (b) 30 pairs (c) Real and erect (d) Virtual and erect (c) 33 pairs (d) 32 pairs RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (a) Human eye forms a real but inverted image on the retina. The human eye is part of the body that reacts Ans. (a) The part of the body which helps in to light to detect the objects. consideration, understanding, memorizing and 261. The aperture controlling the light entering in controlling voluntary and involuntary actions of human the eye is called: body is termed as nervous system. It is of two types: (a) Blind point (b) Iris 1– Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) (c) Pupil (d) Sclerotic Layer 2– Central Nervous System (CNS) RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III) CNS is constituted by spinal and cranial nerves. The Ans. (c) The pupil is the aperture controlling the light human body has 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs entering in the eye. of spinal nerves. 262. Which one of the following is not correct about 265. Pinna is the outer part of ……… . cerebrum? (a) Nose (b) Fingers (a) It consists of two parts, which are called (c) Ear (d) Eye cerebral hemispheres. (b) It is the largest part constituting 80% of the RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II) brain. Ans : (c) Pinna is the outer part of the ear. The ear is the (c) It forms the front, superior and lateral side of main part of the auditory system in humans and other the brain. mammals. Pinna collects sound waves and sends them (d) The cerebrum coordinates muscle activity. to external auditory meatus. It is found in the external RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) ear. RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III) 266. Which part of the human ear collects sound RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I) from the surroundings? Ans : (d) The brain is the central information and (a) Pinna (b) Anvil transmission organ of the human body. The brain is (c) Stirrup (d) Hammer mainly divided into three parts, such as the forebrain, R.R.B. JE. Stage - II 30-08-2019 (Shift - III) mid-brain and hind- brain. The cerebrum is the part of the anterior brain which is about 80% of the brain and it Ans. (a) : See the explanation of the above question. forms the frontal, superior and lateral part of the brain. 267. Rod and cone are found: Thinking, understanding, remembrance, love, hatred, (a) Heart (b) Lungs fear etc. are controlled and coordinated by the fore brain (c) Eye (d) Nose while the movements of muscles are controlled by hind- RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III) brain. RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) 263. Which among the following activities voluntary muscles are involved? Ans : (c) The retina is the innermost layer of the eye, in A. Jumping of frog which two types of photoreceptors are found: B. Movement of food in the stomach 1. Rod cells - Rods are responsible for peripheral C. Pumping of heart vision, and are located outside of the central part of D. Writing in hand the retina. They are responsible for night vision, (a) B and C (b) A, B and C because they are highly sensitive to low-intensity (c) A and D (d) Only C light. They are completely blind to high-intensity RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) light, so they are not important for daytime vision or for visual acuity. Because they are not able to Ans : (c) Voluntary muscles are made of striated muscle tissues and contract under conscious control. It distinguish colours, they produce achromatic vision. comprises skeletal muscles, head and thoracic muscles. 2. Cone cells- They are responsible for the visual Jumping of frog and writing in hand are examples of acuity of the human eye (the ability of the eye to voluntary muscle action.An involuntary action is one resolve and to pick up the minor details on an which occurs without the conscious choice of an object) and for distinguishing colours. 268. Which cells present in the retina are sensitive Ans. (d) Vibration occurs in Tympanic membrane of to normal and bright light and give colour the human ear according to the sound received. sensation? 275. With which of the following is the term (a) Bright cells 'Olfactory' related? (b) Rods or rod-shaped cells (a) Hear (b) See (c) Cones and cone-shaped cells (d) Blind cells (c) Feel (d) Smell RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (d) The word 'olfactory' is related to smell. 269. Which of the following is not correct about 276. The cell body of a neuron is called: cerebellum? (a) Perikaryon (b) Schwann cells (a) It consists of two parts called cerebral (c) Dendron (b) Soma hemispheres. RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) (b) It lies in the posterior region of the brain. Ans. (d) The cell body of a neuron is called soma. (c) It is a part of hind brain. (d) It is much smaller constituting, 12% of the (vi) Skeleton System brain. RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III) 277. Which one of the following statement is NOT Ans : (a) The cerebellum has three parts. There are two correct? lateral lobes and one vermis. Both lateral lobes grow to form a circular shape, called the Cerebellar (a) The stapes in the middle ear is the smallest hemisphere. The upper part of the brain is located in the bone of the human skeleton. cerebral cranium, the two small hemispheres of the (b) Appendix is a vestigial organ present in the cerebellum appear to be connected at the bottom of their human body. posterior part. The cerebrum and cerebellum are (c) Bone marrow produces red blood cells in the covered with membranes, which are called meninges. human body. 270. The organ of Corti is concerned with: (d) The human vertebral column has 33 (a) Hearing (b) Lactic acid vertebrae. (c) Seeing (d) Balancing RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans.(d) In the given statements, option (d) is incorrect Ans. (a) Corti-organ is related to hearing. because our vertebral column is formed by 26 serially 271. 'Auditory’sense refers to: arranged units called vertebrae and is dorsally placed. It (a) Hearing (d) Taste extends from the base of the skull and constitutes the (c) Smell (d) Vision main framework of the trunk. The vertebral column is RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-II) differentiated into cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar Ans. (a) 'Auditory' is related to hearing. (5), sacral (1-fused) and coccygeal (1-fused) regions 272. What is another name for eardrum? starting from the skull. Point to be noted is that there are (a) Pinna (b) Eustachian Tube 33 small vertebrae in the vertebral column of the child. (c) Tympanic membrane (d) cochlea 278. In humans, the tissue that connects the muscles RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) to bones is called: Ans. (c) Another name for eardrum is Trympanic (a) Tendon (b) Fiber membrane. (c) Axon (d) Femur 273. Which part of the ear turns sound vibrations to RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) electrical signals? Ans. (a) A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which (a) Cochlea (b) Tympanic membrane attaches muscle to bone. Both tendons & ligaments are (c) Auditory canal made of collagen. The tendon is equivalent to the (d) Pinna ligaments. A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) which attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold Ans. (a) The cochlea of the ear converts sound structures together and keep them stable. vibrations into electrical signals. 279. A tendon made of: 274. Which part of the human ear vibrates (a) Collagen fiber only according to the sound received? (b) Elastic connective tissue fibers (a) Hammer (b) Pinna (c) Inelastic connective tissue fibers (c) Auditory nerve (d) Tympanic membrane (d) Elastic & inelastic connective tissue fibers RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (a) The end of muscles is called tendon. It 286. The number of bones in an adult human body connects muscles to bones or cartilage. A tendon is a is: tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually (a) 156 (b) 16 connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding (c) 206 (d) 296 tension. These are made up of long bands of collagen. RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist The collagen portion is made up of 97–98% type I collagen, with small amounts of other types of collagen. Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. 280. Which acid causes pain in our muscles? 287. Select the wrong pair of bone and related part (a) Lactic acid (b) Sulphuric acid of the human body from the given alternatives. (c) Hydrochloric acid (d) Acetic acid (a) Maxilla - Jaw (b) Patella bone - Leg RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) (c) Carpal bone - Neck (d) Ulna bone - Hand Ans. (a) Lactic acid causes pain in our muscles. Due to RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles, body feels Ans. (c) The correct answer is as follows: fatigue more and persists pain. Bones in Human body Related Part 281. Muscle fatigue occurs due to accumulation of: Maxilla Jaw (a) Lactic acid (b) Carbon dioxide Patella bone Leg (c) Creatine phosphate (d) CO Carpal bone Wrist RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) Ulna bone Hand Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 288. Approximately, how many bones are there in a 282. What is the total number of bones in the child's body at the time of birth? skeleton of an average adult human? (a) 200 Bones (b) 300 Bones (a) 350 (b) 206 (c) 275 Bones (d) 250 Bones (c) 115 (d) 540 RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) Ans.(b) A boy's body has about 300 bones at birth. Ans. (b) The structure of the human body is made up of They eventually fuse to form the 206 bones that adults bones. All bones are connected to each other. There are have. Some of a baby's bones are made entirely of a muscles above the bones, which helps joints of bones in special material called cartilage. Other bones in a baby movement. Bones and muscles protect the internal are partly made of cartilage. organs of the body. There are 206 bones are found in human body. The organ forming the structure of the 289. How many bones does a new born human baby human body is called the skeletal system. have? (a) 208 (b) 234 283. The ……… has abundant white fibres. (c) 270 (d) 354 (a) Ligaments (b) Tendons RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Cartilages (d) Bones RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I) Ans. (c) The human baby has 270 bones (about 350) in Ans : (b) Abundant white fibres are found in tendons. its body, while 206 bones are found in adult. 29 bones The end of muscles is called tendon. These connect are found in human skull. The largest bone in the body muscles to bones or cartilages. These are strong band- is the femur (in the thigh) and the smallest bone in the like structures of connective tissues made of dense human body is the stapes (in the ear). The total number collagen fibers. of muscles in the body is 639. 284. In human body,vertebrae is part of: (a) Intestine (b) Liver 290. Which part of the muscular system attaches (c) Spinal cord (d) Brain bone to bone? RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II) (a) Tendon (b) Cartilage Ans. (c) The vertebrae is a part of the spinal cord in the (c) Muscle (d) Ligament human body. The vertebrate is the largest sub-phylum RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist of phylum Chordata of kingdom Animalia in which all Ans. (d) Ligament is a connective tissue which joints members consist backbone /spinal cord. one bone to another bone. Tendon is also a connective 285. Which is the longest bone in the human body? tissue which joints muscles to bones. (a) Patella (b) Sternum 291. Two bones are connected in human body by: (c) Tibia (d) Femur (a) Joints (b) Ligaments RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Muscles (d) Small bones Ans. (d) There are total 206 bones in human body, in RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist which the longest bone is the femur which is found in Ans : (b) In the human body, two bones are connected to the thigh. Whereas the smallest bone is the stapes, each other by ligament. An adult human body has 206 found in the ear. The hardest part of the body is the bones. While there are 270 bones in the body of the enamel of the tooth. infant. Osteology is the scientific study of bones. 292. ................ connects bones. Ans. (c) Stapes, or stirrup is the smallest bone found (a) Cartilage (b) Alveolar in inner ear. (c) Nerves (d) Ligaments 300. In which part of the human body would you RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III) find the smallest bone? Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Knees (b) Nose (c) Ears (d) Fingers 293. The two bones can be connected to each other by another connective tissue that is called RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) (a) Ligament (b) Cartilage Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Matrix (d) Muscle 301. Which is the hardest substance in the human RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) body? Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Finger nail (b) Skull bones 294. ................... is not a human bone joint. (c) Knee cap (d) Tooth enamel (a) Ball and socket (b) Gliding RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Macro (d) Saddle Ans. (d) Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist human body. Tooth enamel protects teeth from decay Ans.(c) Macro is not a human bone joint, rather it is and cavities. When it is damaged or destroyed, teeth used to record and operate macro records in computer and gums are more susceptible to oral health issues application software whereas ball and socket, gliding more serious disease. and saddle is the joint of human bone, which is a type of synovial joint. 302. There are 29 bones in the human head. Which 295. Which is the smallest bone of the human body? of the following classifications is correct? (a) Humerus (b) Femur (a) Forehead-8, Facial-14, Ear-4, Hyoid-3 (c) Malleus (d) Stapes (b) Forehead-8, Facial-14, Ear-6, Hyoid-1 RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Forehead-8, Facial-12, Ear-6, Hyoid-3 Ans. (d) Our body comprises of 206 bones. (d) Forehead-8, Facial-12, Ear-8, Hyoid-1 * The smallest bone in the human body is called RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist stapes, located in the middle ear. There are three Ans.(b) The 29 head bones consist of 8 cranial bones,14 bones in the middle ear- malleus, stapes and incus. facial bones, 1 hyoid bones and 6 auditory bones(Ear). * Femur or thigh bone is the largest and heaviest bone The 8 cranial bones are the frontal, 2 parietal, occipital, in the human body. 2 temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones. 296. What is the smallest bone in the human body? 303. Which part of the human body is formed by (a) Tibia (b) Trapezium the fusing of the ilium, ischium and the pubis? (c) Stapes (d) Femur (a) Jaw (b) Hip bone RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (c) Cranium (d) Feet Ans : (c) The smallest bone in the human body is RRB NTPC 22.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist stapes, the ear bone.The trapezium is an irregular- shaped carpal bone found within the hand. The largest Ans. (b) The hip bone of the human body is formed by bone in the body is the femur ( thigh bone). Mandible fusing of the illium, ischium and pubis. It lies in the hip or jawbone is strongest and hardest bone of human of the human body. At the end of the teenage the illium, body. ischium and pubis converge and form hip bone. 297. Where is the longest bone found in human 304. Which is the strongest bone of the human body? body? (a) Arm (b) Upper arm (a) Ankle (b) Shin bone (c) Foot (d) Thigh (c) Spinal cord (d) Thigh bone RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (d) The strongest bone in the human body is the 298. The longest bone in the body is the: thigh bone(femur). (a) Spine (b) Humerus 305. What are the bones around the chest called? (c) Scapula (d) Femur (a) Frontal (b) Femur RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Ribs (d) Ankle Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 299. Which is the smallest bone of human body? Ans. (c) Ribs are the long curved bones which form the (a) Hip bone (b) Rib rib cage, part of the axial skeleton.The ribs are the bony (c) Stirrup (d) Fore arm bone framework of the thoracic cavity that help in protection RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) of it. 306. Which one of the following is not an axial Ans. (b) The tendon serves to connect the muscles to bone? the bones. The ends of muscles are known as tendon. (a) Skull (b) Spinal cord Tendon connects the muscles to the bones or cartilage. (c) Scapula (b) Rib These are strong band-like structures of connective RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist tissue composed of dense collagen fibers, which are Ans. (c) The axial skeleton is the part of the skeleton extensions of the Epimysium surrounding the muscle. that consists of the bones of the head,skull,spinal cord There is also no contraction due to lack of flexibility in and trunk of a vertebrate.The axial skeleton supports the tendon. head, neck, back, and chest and thus forms the vertical 311. Bone cells are embedded in a hard matrix that axis of the body, while scapula is not the axial bone. is composed of- 307. Spine is also called ……. . (a) Ca and F (b) Ca and Na (a) Femur (b) Ribcage (c) P and Na (d) Ca and P RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Spinal cord (d) Ribs Ans. (d) Bone cells are embedded in a hard matrix that RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) is composed of Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P). The Ans. (c) The spine is also called the spinal cord. body of all organisms is made up of cell. The living 308. What is the lubricating fluid found between the cells found in bones, are called bone cells. two bones at a movable joint called? 312. The force generated by the action of muscles, is (a) Synovial fluid (b) Amniotic fluid called.... (c) Interstitial fluid (d) Cerebrospinal fluid (a) Chemical force (b) Physical force RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Muscular force (d) Mechanical force Ans. (a) Synovial fluid also known as joint fluid is a RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II) thick liquid located between two joints. The fluid Ans. (c) The force generated by the action of muscles is cushions the ends of bones and reduces friction when called muscular force. When we lift an object with our we move our joints. It is on all of two joints, including hands or kick an object with our feet, we apply in our knee, shoulders, hips, hands and feet. muscular force because this force is exerted pressure in 309. Where are involuntary muscles located in a our muscle. human body? 313. Voluntary muscles are contained in the …….. . (a) Limb (b) Brain (a) Liver (b) Hand (c) Heart (d) Tongue (c) Heart (d) Lung RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (c) The involuntary muscles are located in heart Ans : (b) Voluntary or linear muscles are formed by of a human body. On the basis of structure and multinucleated fibers. This type of muscles found in function, there are three types of muscle tissue the hands, feet, neck etc., while involuntary muscles or recognized in vertebrates: non-linear muscles are found in the iris, testis, (1) Voluntary muscles: They anchored to bone by alimentary canal , bladder and heart etc. tendons,that is why they are also called Skeletal 314. The………….. make soft the surface of the muscles. They are used to effect skeletal movement bone at the joint. in activities such as locomotion and maintaining (a) Cartilage (b) Areolar posture. These muscles are responsible to react to (c) Tendon (d) Ligament conscious control of human, so they are known as RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III) voluntary muscles. Ans : (a) The cartilage softens the surface of the bone (2) Involuntary muscles: Involuntary muscles at the joint. Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue include all muscles whose activity is independent found in the human body and other animals. It is made and not affected by voluntary nerve activity. up of chondrocytes cells, located in our bone marrow. (3) Cardiac muscles: Cardiac muscles are striated Ear bone, nose bone, joints of bones etc. are made of muscles that is present only in the walls of heart cartilages. under involuntary action. 315. Bone cells are embedded in a hard matrix, which is made of …………. . 310. ..........connects muscles to bones. (a) Calcium and Phosphorus (a) Cartilage (b) Tendon (b) Calcium and Platinum (c) Areoler (d) Ligaments (c) Calcium and Magnesium RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Calcium and Potassium RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (a) Phosphorus is essential for the formation of Ans : (b) The cells of the connective tissue are less bones and teeth in the human body. It combines with interconnected and are embedded in the intercellular calcium to form calcium phosphate. Calcium phosphate adipose. The connective tissue connecting two bones is is an insoluble salt, which is important for the formation called a ligament. This tissue is very flexible and strong. of bones and teeth. Calcium phosphate is stored in It has a minimal matrix. bones and teeth, which gives them firmness, strength 322. Striped muscles fibres are . ... . . . . . : and stability. (a) One nucleus (b) Two nuclei 316. Which mineral is essential for bones? (b) Many nuclei (d) No nuclei (a) Zinc (b) Iron RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Sulphate (d) Calcium Ans : (c) Striped muscles are also called skeletal muscles RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) because they are attached to vertebral skeletons. Striated Ans. (d) Calcium is essential mineral for bones. muscle are skeletal muscle cells like muscle fibers. These 317............muscles are also called skeletal muscles. are elongated or tubular and they have multiple nuclei (a) Involuntary (b) Linear which are located on the periphery of the cell. Striated (c) Cardiac (d) Voluntary muscles bring voluntary contractions that is why hand, RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I) feet and other organ move smoothly. Ans : (d) Voluntary muscles are attached to bones, so 323. Which of the following hormones makes the they are also called skeletal muscles. These muscles are heart beat faster in order to supply more under the control of human conscious, hence they are oxygen to our muscles? also called voluntary muscles. Each muscle cell is (a) Insulin (b) Animal hormone multinucleated. Excessive exercise or work causes (c) Thyroxine (d) Adrenaline lactic acid to build up, causing fatigue. These muscles RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III) are mainly found in hands, feet, neck, eyes etc. Ans : (d) Adrenaline is a hormone secreted from the Voluntary muscles work in the control of the brain or adrenal gland that secretes when the body is stimulated. spinal cord. That is why it is also called 'fight and flight' hormone. It 318. What is the smallest muscle of human body? increases the blood flow in our muscles at the time of (a) Muscle (b) Stapedius crisis and makes the heart beat faster in order to supply (c) Tibialis (d) Heart more oxygen to our muscles (due to stimulation). RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) 324. The two bones can be connected to each other Ans. (b) Stapedius is the smallest muscle in the human by another connective tissue , is called ………. . body. (a) Ligaments (b) Cartilage (c) Matrix (d) Muscle 319. –––––– connects muscles to bones. RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Sebaceous (b) Tendon Ans : (a) The ligament is a fibrous connective tissue, (c) Cartilage (d) Muscle which attaches bone to bone and usually serves to hold RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III) structures together and keep them stable. This tissue is Ans. (b) The tendon connects muscles to bones. very elastic. It has considerable strength. It provides a Ligament connects bones to bones. structural framework to the body. 320. The muscles help the heart to pump blood to 325. Vibrations inside the ear is amplified by three all parts of the body, which requires rhythmic bones, namly the ………… in the middle ear. contraction and relaxation. (a) Hammer, Cochlea and Stirrup (a) Tricep (b) Bicep (b) Auditory Bone, Anvil and Stirrup (c) Cardiac (d) Solace (c) Hammer, Anvil and Stirrup RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Hammer, Anvil and Pinna Ans. (c) Cardiac muscles help the heart to pump blood RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) to all parts of the body, requiring rhythmic contraction Ans : (c) The vibration inside the ear is amplified by and relaxation. Heart muscle is the involuntary muscles three bones: found in the heart walls. This muscle fibers are (i) Hammer: Its outer end is connected to the ear branching and monocular. The heart muscle continuous screen and the inner wide end is attached to the to contraction and relax with a non-stop, weary rhythm incus. It is similar to a hammer. Its length is 8- throughout life, resulting in continuous blood 9mm. circulation in the body. (ii) Anvil: Its outer end is attached to the malleus and 321. ...............is a connective tissue with a minimal the inner end is connected to the stirrup. Due to its matrix. shape like an anvil, it is called an anvil. Its length is (a) Blood (b) Muscle 7 mm. (c) Bone (d) Plasma (iii) Stirrup: This bone is like the stirrup of riding RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III) saddle of horse. A hole is found in its middle. 326. Due to the presence of ........ in our ear, which is 333. The knee cap is called as: a type of connective tissue, the ears can be (a) Fibula (b) Patella folded - (c) Malus (d) Scapula (a) Tendon (b) Bone RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Cartilage (d) Ligament Ans. (b) The knee cap is called as Patella. RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) 334. Which of the following are connected by the Ans : (c) Cartilage is the flexible connective tissue ligament? (a) Muscle to bone (b) Bone to bone found in the human body and other animals. It is made (c) Skin to muscle (b) Nerve to muscle up of chondrocytes cells present in our marrow. Ear RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-II) bone, nose bone, joints of bones around the spine are Ans. (b) Bones are connected to the bone by the made of cartilage. The ears can be folded due to its ligament. elasticity. 327. What are the name of the three bones in the (vii) Endocrine System middle ear? (a) Femur, hammer, tibia (b) Hammer, anvil, stirrup 335. Which of the following glands produces insulin hormone? (c) Humerus, clavicle, stearup (a) Adrenal (b) Thymus (d) Radius, ulna, hammer (c) Parathyroid (d) Pancreas RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) The names of the three bones present in the middle ear are hammer, anvil, stirrup. Ans.(d) Insulin is a hormone which is made by beta cells in our pancreas, which allows glucose to enter the 328. The part of the muscle which shortens to create body’s cells to provide energy. contraction is the: 336. What is the function of insulin in the human (a) Myosin (b) Fasciculli body? (c) Epimysium (d) Actin (a) It regulates how the body uses and stores RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) glucose and fat. Ans. (d) The part of the muscle that shrinks to (b) It supplies filtered blood to the heart produce contraction is called actin. (c) It supplies oxygen to the lungs. 329. Where are biceps muscles located in the human (d) It regulates the flow of blood. body? RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Arm (b) Stomach RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Hip (d) Thigh Ans.(a) Insulin is an essential hormone produced by the RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) pancreas. Its main role is to control glucose levels in our Ans. (a) The biceps muscles are located in the arm in the bodies. human body. 337. Which element is essential for the synthesis of 330. What are myosin and actin? thyroxine? (a) Muscular protein (a) Manganese (b) Iodine (b) Muscular carbohydrate (c) Iron (d) Zinc (c) Muscular fat RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II) (d) Muscular enzymes RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III) RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (a) Myosin and actin are musclar proteins. Ans. (b) Thyroxine is neutral chemical compound. 331. Sarcolemma is the membrane that covers: Kidney and liver alongwith their mutual action, (a) Spinal cord (b) Nerve fibers converts it into an active compound known as Tri- (c) Muscle fibers (b) Visceral fibers iodothyronine. Micro nutrients like Iodine and Selenium RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) are responsible for the synthesis of Thyroxine. Ans. (c) Sarcolemma is the membrane and covers the 338. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of ______. muscle fibers. (a) Oestrogen (b) Insulin 332. Which of the following is not a bone in the (c) Cytokinin (d) Thyroxine human body? RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Stirrup (b) Hammer Ans.(d) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Anvil (d) Axe 339. Which part of the male human body is called RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) 'Adam's Apple’? Ans. (d) Axe is not a bone found in the human body (a) Palate (b) Lungs while Stirrup, Hammer and Anvil bones are found in (c) Tongue (d) Larynx human ear. RRB NTPC 19.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (d) Adam’s apple, also known as the laryngeal 345. ............. is not an endocrine glands in humans. prominence, is the cartilage that wraps around the front (a) The pineal gland of larynx or voice box. (b) The adrenal gland 340. Which hormone is released from the testes? (c) The pituitary gland (a) Testosterone (b) Thyroxine (d) The liver (c) Insulin (d) Estrogen RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III) RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-III) Ans. (d) Thomas Addison is known as the 'Father of Ans : (a) Endocrine System'. The study of endocrine system is Hormone Secretion called endocrinology. Pineal, adrenal, pituitary glands 1. Testosterone - Testis (a pair of testes are are endocrine glands. The liver is a digestive gland. It is found in men) the largest gland of the body that acts as endocrine and 2. Thyroxine - Thyroid gland (trachea T4) exocrine gland. 3. Insulin - Pancreas (beta cell) 346. What does the Adrenal gland secretes? 4. Estrogen - Graafian follicle (a) Thyroxine (b) estrogen 341. Which hormone protects the body glucose from (c) Cortisol (d) THS going too low? RPF SI 24.12.2018 (Shift - I) (a) Oxytocin (b) Glucagon Ans. (c) : The key hormones produced by the adrenal (c) Vasopressin (d) Insulin gland includes– RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) Cortisol, Aldosterone, DHEA, Adrenaline, etc. Ans. (b) Glucagon is a peptide hormone secreted 347. Secretion of insulin hormone is caused by from the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets of …………. Langerhans. It protects the body glucose from going (a) Thyroid gland (b) Pituitary too low. (c) Adrenal (d) Pancreas 342. What is the most important function of RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) sweating? Ans. (d) Insulin is an endocrine hormone secreted by (a) To regulate body temperature. the pancreas.. Beta cells produce insulin which is (b) To get rid of body waste material. responsible for reducing blood glucose levels and (c) To regulate the supply of water in the body. increasing protein formation. Alpha cells that produce (d) To lubricate epithelial tissue. glucagon help to increase glucose levels in the blood. RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) Delta cells produces somatostatin, which maintains a Ans. (a) The most important function of sweating is to balance between the release of insulin and glucagon. regulate body temperature. Thyroid gland - The thyroid is an endocrine gland in the throat. The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormones, 343. Human growth hormone is secreted by which which mainly affect metabolic rate and protein gland? synthesis. (a) Posterior lobe of pituitary gland Adrenal gland - The adrenal gland is an endocrine (b) Anterior lobe of pituitary gland gland found in vertebrates. It is situated above the (c) Thyroid gland kidney. (d) Pancreas Pituitary gland - Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland, RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist that is pea - shaped and weighs 0.5 gm. (0.02 oz). It is Ans.(b) Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland, which a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the secretes pituitary hormones. It is divided into two parts base of the brain. adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. 348. Which part of the human body consists sweat Adenohypophysis is composed of pars distalis and pars glands? intermedia. The pars distalis is also known as the (a) Kidney (b) Liver anterior pituitary gland which secrets growth hormone (c) Pancreas (d) Skin and hormones like somatotropin, prolactin etc. RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 344. Which of the following pigments is mainly Ans. (d) : Sweat glands are present in the skin of responsible for the colour of our hair, skin and human body. Sweat is released from the sweat glands eyes? found in the skin. These are called eccrine sweat gland. (a) Myoglobin (b) Chlorophyll Sweat contains 99% water and a small amount of salt, (c) Melanin (d) Xanthophyll protein and urea. RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 349. The endocrine glands are also called ––––––. Ans. (c) : Melanin is a natural skin pigment. Hair, Skin, (a) Pituitary gland (b) Ductless gland and Eye color in people and animals mostly depends on (c) Thyroid gland (d) Liver gland the type and amount of melanin they have. RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) The endocrine glands do not have ducts, so Ans : (a) Oversecretion of thyroid hormones they are called ductless glands. Endocrine glands and (hyperthyroidism) causes Graves disease which is hormone-secreting cells located in different parts of the characterized by formation of exophthalmic goitre. human body, form the endocrine system. The pituitary Weight loss, eyes bulging from eye sockets,growth in gland, pineal gland, thyroid, adrenal, pancreatic, thyroid gland and basic metabolic rate etc are characterstics of exophthalmic goitre. It is known as parathyroid, thymus and reproductive glands are the Graves disease . well-organized endocrine organs of our body. 356. Which of the following hormones is not 350. In which part of the body is the thyroid gland secreted by the pituitary gland? located? (a) Thyroid stimulating hormone (a) Chest (b) Head (b) Prolactin (c) Throat (d) Abdomen (c) Vasopressin RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) (d) Somatostatin Ans. (c) The thyroid gland is located to the front of the RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) neck just below the larynx. Ans : (d) A part in the pancreas is called the ‘Islets of 351. What disease is treated by insulin? Langerhans’. A hormone called ‘somatostatin’ is (a) Cancer (b) Tuberculosis (TB) released from the delta cell of the Islets of Langerhans. (c) Anemia (d) Diabetes Insulin acts to determine blood sugar levels. Low RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-IV) secretion of insulin results Diabetes . This hormone is Ans. (d) Diabetes is treated by insulin. not secreted by the pituitary gland. 352. Which of the following chemical substance is 357. Which human organ contains the 'Islets of secreted by the pancreas? Langerhans'? (a) Protein (b) Insulin (a) Brain (b) Gall bladder (c) Vitamin C (d) Fatty acid (c) Liver (d) Pancreas RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans : (b) The pancreatic islet cell include alpha cells, Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. which produce glucagon ; beta cells, which produce 358. Which among the following is not digestive insulin; delta cells, which produce somatostatin; and PP enzyme? cells, which produce pancreatic polypeptide. (a) Proteus (Protease) 353. Where is insulin produced in the human body? (b) Amylase (a) Liver (b) Spleen (c) Lipase (c) Pancreas (d) Bile duct (d) Superoxide dismutase RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-III) Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. Ans : (d) Proteases, amylases and lipases are digestive enzymes, while superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that 354. Match the following in the correct order: helps break down potentially harmful oxygen molecules Hormone Secretory gland in cells. (P) Hormones of Colip a. Adrenal gland 359. Which acid is secreted by certain glandular (Q) Aldosterone b. Pineal gland cells of the stomach lining? (R) Prolactin c. Parathyroid (a) Hydrochloric (b) Ethanoic gland (c) Formic (d) Nitric (S) Melatonin d. Pituitary gland RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II) (a) P-a, Q-b, R-c, S-d (b) P-b, Q-d, R-c, S-a Ans : (a) Certain glandular cells in the stomach lining (c) P-c, Q-a, R-d, S-b (d) P-d, Q-c, R-b, S-a secrete hydrochloric acid. The digestive glands that are RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) present in the wall of the alimentary canal are called Ans : (c)Hormones Secretory glands internal digestive glands. It consists all mucous glands, Hormones of Collip : Parathyroid gland intestinal glands and Brunner's glands, predominantly Aldosterone : Adrenal gland located in the duodenal submucosa. Formic acid is Prolactin : Pituitary gland found in ants. Nitric acid is corrosive acid. Melatonin : Pineal gland 360. Which organ is not a gland? 355. Graves (Exophthalmic Goitre) disease is (a) Adrenal (b) Liver caused by over-secretion of .............. due to (c) Pituitary (d) Gall bladder increase in thyroid. RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Thyroid hormone (b) Parathormone Ans : (d) Adrenal, liver and pituitary gland are three (c) Aldosterone (d) Testosterone endocrine glands whereas the gall bladder is a bile RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) collecting organ. 361. Our skin becomes dark as soon as it is exposed Ans : (c) The pancreas is a part of the digestive system to sunlight, this occurs due to presence of : in the human body. It is the second largest gland of the (a) Carotyl (b) Oxylophyte human body. Its main feature is that it acts as endocrine (c) Melanin (d) Flavoxanthine and exocrine gland. It is located in the 'U' shaped part of RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist the small intestine. Ans : (c) Our skin becomes dark as soon as it is 366. Which of the following is responsible for exposed to sunlight, this occurs due to presence of dwarfism in humans? melanin. In animals, melanin is made from an amino (a) Thyroxine (b) Pituitary acid called tyrosine. The most commonly found form of (c) Adrenaline (d) Pancreas melanin in organisms is called eumelanin and is dark RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist brown colour. In humans, this pigment gives colour to Ans. (b) Dwarfism is caused by problems arising from skin and eye. 99.9% of the ultraviolet radiation that falls the pituitary gland or Growth Hormone Dificiency on our body is prevented by melanin. (GHD). The pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the 362. Human hypothalamus gland is ………………. base of brain. It makes hormones that control many (a) just below the abdomen functions in body. (b) in the lower part of the neck 367. Which among the following hormones is not (c) present in the brain secreted by the thyroid gland? (d) attached to the windpipe (a) Thyroxine (b) Calcitonin RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IInd (c) Triiodothyronine (d) Thymosin Ans. (c) The hypothalamus is the gland present in the RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist brain, which connects the nervous system with the Ans : (d) The thymus gland plays significant role in the endocrine system through the pituitary gland. It regulates development of the immune system. This gland secretes body temperature, food, water balance etc. associated a peptide hormone called thymosin. Synthesis of with visceral and other physical activities. thyroxine or T4, triiodothyronine or T3 and 363. The gland of human body that secretes both Thyrocalcitonin hormones is accomplished by the enzymes and hormones: thyroid gland. (a) Liver 368. Which gland is active only till puberty? (b) Pancreatic / digestive gland (a) Pineal (b) Thymus (c) Salivary gland (c) Pituitary (d) Hypothalamus (d) Pituitary gland RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans. (b) The thymus gland, located behind sternum Ans : (b) Pancreatic gland of human body that secretes and between lungs, is only active till puberty. After both enzymes and hormones. Pancreatic juice is puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and secreted by pancreatic cells. It contains 98% water and become replaced by fat. Thymosin is the hormone of the remaining 2% contains salts and enzymes. It is an the thymus, and it stimulates the development of alkaline fluid. Pancreatic juice contains three types of disease-fighting T cells.. digestive juices, also called absolute digestive juices, 369. What is full name of A.D.H.? the main five enzymes being trypsin, amylase, (a) Anti-diuretic hormone carboxypeptidase, lipase and maltase. (b) Acidic diuretic hormone 364. Where are the Islets of Langerhans found in (c) Adhesive diuretic hormone the human body? (a) Small intestine (b) Pancreas (d) Adhesive double hormone (c) Stomach (d) Heart RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (a) The full form of ADH is antidiuretic hormone. Ans : (b) Islets of Langerhans are found in the It is released by the posterior part of the pituitary gland pancreas in the human body. Langerhans was and also known as vasopressin. It mainly increases the discovered by a medical practitioner named permeability of distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and Langerhans. Its alpha-cell emits glucagon, beta-cell collecting duct (CD) due to which reabsorption of water form insulin and gamma-cell release somatostatin. increases and maintains osmoregulation in human Increase in blood sugar levels is called Diabetes. kidney. 365. In the human body, the pancreas is a part 370. Hydrochloric acid secreted by gastric glands, of……..: eases the action of enzyme............ (a) Excretory system (b) Respiratory system (a) Pepsin (b) Amylase (c) Digestive system (d) Nervous system (c) Lipase (d) Trypsin RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (a) Digestive functions are accomplished by Following changes are observed in women due to gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach. They estrogen - secrete hydrochloric acid, a protein digestive enzyme, • Development of breast in girls pepsin and mucus. Hydrochloric acid forms an acidic • Starting of menstrual cycle or period medium which is helpful in the action of the pepsin • Pubic hair growth in the genitals. enzyme. The stomach food is acidic and is made The production of estrogen hormone in the body of alkaline for the action of pancreatic enzymes. The women is mainly in the ovaries as well as by the adrenal pancreas secrete pancreatic juice which contains the gland and to some extent by the fetus and placenta. trypsin enzyme for digestion of proteins. 376. ...........is not an enzyme. 371. ............. is an enzyme found in gastric juice. (a) Insulin (b) Pepsin (a) Amylase (b) Pepsin (c) Amylase (d) Lipase (c) Trypsin (d) Ptyalin RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans : (a) Insulin is the hormone, form in the beta cells Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. of the pancreatic gland that stimulates the accumulation 372. Pepsin is an enzyme secreted in ............ of glucose in the liver as glycogen and controls the (a) Liver (b) Stomach proper usage of glucose by tissue cells. (c) Mouth (d) Kidney 377. Which among the following micronutrients is RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III) essential for the normal functioning of the Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. thyroid gland? 373. …….. brings about the changes in appearance (a) Iodine (b) Potassium seen in boys at the time of puberty. (c) Iron (d) Calcium (a) Animal hormone (b) Thyroxine RRB NTPC 07.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Testosterone (d) Insulin Ans.(a) Iodine is an essential micronutrient used by the RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II) thyroid gland to make thyroid hormones that control Ans. (c) Testosterone is a male sex hormone that is many functions in the body including growth and important for sexual and reproductive development. development. Because our body does not produce The production of testosterone in men is mainly in the iodine, it needs to be supplied in the diet. When iodine testes. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland of the intake is poor, the body cannot produce enough thyroid brain regulate testosterone production. Due to hormones. Deficiency of iodine can cause endemic testosterone secretion, changes are seen in appearence goitre, hypothyroidism, cretinism, decreased fertility of boys only during puberty, such as voice becomes rate, increased infant mortality, and mental retardation. heavy, enlargement of the testicles and sprouting of 378. Rise in sugar level in blood is detected by the pubic hair etc. cells of: 374. During puberty, secretion of sweat glands and (a) Kidney (b) Pancreas sebaceous glands increases. Which element get (c) Gall bladder (d) Liver secreted during this time through these RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II) glands? (a) Sweat and oil (b) Sweat and salt Ans : (b) The pancreas is a mixed gland. The pancreas has specific type of cells, called the Islets of (c) Oil and water (d) Water and minerals Langerhans. They were discovered by Langerhans in RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II) 1869 AD. These cells are of three types: (a) Alpha (b) Ans. (a) During puberty, the secretion increases in the Beta and (c) Gamma cells, in which beta cells are of sweat glands and adipose glands, then sweat and oil large size, secrete insulin hormone that regulates blood secrete at that time. Sweat glands are a type of exocrine sugar levels. gland, which are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct. 379. Which hormone regulates the blood sugar level Its coiled part releases sweat. Sebaceous glands are in the body? usually attached to hair follicles and release a fatty (a) Thyroid (b) Adrenaline substance, sebum, into the follicular duct and thence to (c) Insulin (d) Testosterone the surface of the skin. RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 375. Oestrogen, the female hormone, is secreted by Ans. (c) Pancreas is a composite gland which acts as the …….in females. both exocrine and endocrine gland. The endocrine (a) Oviduct (b) Uterus pancreas consists of 'Islets of Langerhans'. The two (c) Cervix (d) Ovary main types of cells in the Islet of Langerhans are called RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I) α-cells and β-cells. The α-cells secrete a hormone Ans. (d) Estrogen is important for reproductive and called glucagon, while the β-cells secrete insulin. Both sexual development in women, hence it is also called hormones work in balance to play a vital role in the female sex hormone.Estrogen plays significant role regulating blood sugar levels. If the level of one in the physiological changes of women and that is why, hormone is higher or lower than the ideal range, blood it is also called female growth hormone. sugar levels may spike or drop. 380. What does insulin regulate? 387. .............. gland is also known as master gland. (a) Reproduction (a) Pancreas (b) Hypothalamus (b) Heart beat (c) Pituitary (d) Adrenal (c) Physical growth RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) (d) Blood sugar level Ans. (c) The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) located in the sphenoid bone of the cranium. It is called Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. sella turcica. Its weight is about 0.6 grams. It is also 381. Which of these hormones regulates human known as the master gland. Hypothalamus is known as blood sugar levels? the'master of master gland'. (a) Estrogen (b) Insulin 388. Where is the pituitary gland located in the (c) Parathormone (d) Testosterone human body? RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-IV) (a) Near the spleen Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. (b) At the base of the brain (c) On the top of the kidneys 382. Which of following is NOT an endocrine gland? (d) In the intestine (a) Pineal (b) Thyroid RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Adrenal (d) Salivary Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 389. Pituitary gland, one of the most important Ans. (d) Endocrine glands are the glands which not glands of our body, is located: have a duct and secrete the contents directly in the (a) Inside the chest. blood stream. Pancreas, Adrenal and Thyroid gland are (b) Inside the stomach. the examples of the endocrine glands. Salivary gland is (c) Inside the skull. an exocrine gland. The gland contains many lobules (d) Near the lower end of the backbone. which pour the saliva in the common salivary duct.The RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III) salivary duct empties saliva in the mouth. Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. 383. Secretion from Prostate gland enters into …… (a) Testis (b) Urethra 390. Which of these hormones stimulates uterine contractions and dilation of the cervix? (c) Ureter (d) Renal (a) Thyroxine (b) ADH RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Oxytocin (d) Progesterone Ans : (b) Prostate is a small gland found only in men RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist that located between the penis and the bladder. Secretion from the prostate gland enters into urethra. Ans. (c) Oxytocin plays a key role in uterine contraction. Often called the 'love hormone', oxytocin is associated 384. The release of which hormone causes with feelings of bonding and motherhood. The another simultaneous increase in heartbeat and hormone released during labour called 'prolactin'. It helps breathing rate? us feel good, and it triggers nurturing feelings and (a) Adrenaline (b) Serotonin behaviors. Receptor cells allow body to respond to (c) Estrogen (d) Thyroxine oxytocin increase gradually in pregnancy and then increase RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist a lot during labour. Oxytocin stimulates powerful Ans.(a) The release of Adrenaline hormone causes contractions that help to thin and open (dilate) the cervix, simultaneous increase in heartbeat and breathing rate. moves the body down and out of the birth canal, pushes Adrenaline is normally produced both by the adrenal out the placenta, and limits bleeding at the site of the glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla placenta. oblongata. 391. Which of the following glands is an endocrine 385. Which hormone is released from the testis? gland in the human body? (a) Insulin (b) Adrenaline (a) Pituitary (b) Salivary (c) thyroxine (d) Testosterone (c) Sweat (d) Prostate RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (d) Testosterone is the hormone secreted by the testes. Testosterone is the steroid hormone of the Ans.(a) Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland. It is also androgen group that secretes from testicles of men. It called master gland. In endocrine glands ducts are not helps in the development of sexual characterstics in found so they are also called ductless glands. They men. release hormones directly into the blood, such as 386. Testosterone, a male sex hormone, is thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, testicular gland etc. synthesized in 392. Which of the following hormones stimulates (a) Scrotum (b) Testes milk production after childbirth? (c) Seminal vesicle (d) Prostate gland (a) Estrogen (b) Prolactin RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Androgen (c) Progestin Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) Prolactin hormone stimulates the process of 399. Pheromone, released by an animal: milk production after childbirth. (a) Affects the behavior of animals of the same 393. Which hormone is released during emergency species. situtation? (b) Protects from predators. (a) Corticotropin (b) Adrenaline (c) Attracts prey for its food (c) Norepinephrine (d) Cortisol (d) None of the above RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) Ans. (b) Adrenaline hormone is released during Ans. (a) Pheromone is an excretory chemical factor that emergency situation. triggers a social response in members of the same 394. What is the basic function of estrogen? species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting (a) To balance the mood like hormones outside the body of the secreting (b) To regulate the menstrual cycle individual, to impact the behavior of the receiving (c) To develop male reproductive tissues individuals. (d) To maintain a pregnancy RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (viii) Reproductive System Ans. (b) The primary function of estrogens is development of female secondary sexual characteristics. 400. Fertilization in human beings take place in ––– These include breasts, endometrium, regulation of the (a) Fallopian tube (b) Ovary menstrual cycle etc. Estrogens are present in significant (c) Vagina (d) Uterus amounts in both men and women. They are present in RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II) significantly higher amounts in women. In males RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) estrogen helps in maturation of the sperm and RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III) maintenance of a healthy libido. Ans. (a) In normal pregnancy, the fetus develops in the 395. Which hormone promotes RBC production in uterus. The woman body has ovaries on both sides of bone marrow? the uterus which are connected to the uterus by (a) Serotonin (b) Somatostatin fallopian tube. The process of fertilization occurs in (c) Erythropoietin (d) Cholecystokinine fallopian tube. RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) 401. Where does the process of fertilization takes Ans. (c) Erythropoietin hormone promotes RBC place in the human body? production in bone marrow. (a) Vagina (b) Ovary 396. Hormones are normally absent in: (c) Fallopian tube (d) Uterus (a) Monkeys (b) Cats RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II) (d) Bacteria (d) Rats Ans. (c) See the explanation of above question. RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II) 402. Which of the following is main women sex Ans. (c) Hormones are normally absent in bacteria. hormone? 397. Bile secreted by the liver helps in : (a) Chromatin (b) Nucleosome (a) Digestion (b) Purificaton of blood (c) Estrogen (d) Testosterone (c) Excretion (d) Respiration RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans.(c) Estrogen is the main women sex hormones. It helps develop and maintain both the reproductive system Ans. (a) Bile is secreted by the liver which helps in and female characteristics such as breasts and pubic hair. digestion. The woman's ovaries make most estrogen hormones, Men 398. The _____ gland, which hangs by a thin stalk have estrogen, too, but in smaller amounts. from the hypothalamus, is called the master 403. ………. forms a common passage for both gland of the human body. urine and sperms in human males. (a) Thyroid (b) Adrenal (a) Oviduct (b) Ureter (c) Pituitary (d) Pancreas (c) Urethra (d) Vas deferens RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III) Ans.(c) The pituitary gland, also known as the Ans : (c) Urethra forms a common passage for both hypophysis, is a pea-sized endocrine gland situated at urine and sperms in human males. Male urethra is long the base of our brain. It is often referred to as the about 20 cm which starts from the urinary meatus or 'Master Gland' because it controls the functions of many external urethral orifice and opens out through the other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland is divided urogenital cavity at end of penis. In females, the urethra into three parts, also called lobes: helps in the discharge of urine from the urinary bladder. • Anterior pituitary The urinary tract connects to the urinary muscle above • Intermediate pituitary the vulva, while the urethra of the female empties into • Posterior pituitary the urogenital sinus. 404. Identify the part of the male reproductive Ans : (c) Differences in asexual and sexual system that forms a common passage for both reproduction: sperm and urine. Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction (a) Uterus (b) Vas deferens (c) Scrotum (d) Urethra 1. Single organism 1. Two organisms, male RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II) participates in it. and female, Ans : (d) See the explanation of above question. participate in it. 405. A motile germ cell is called a/an- 2. Diversity is not found 2. Diversity is found in (a) Gamete (b) Male gamete in the organisms the organisms (c) Female gamete (d) Isogamete produced by this produced by this RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III) process. process. Ans. (b) An embryonic cell that has the ability to 3. The gamete is not 3. Male and female develop gametes is called a germ cell. It is of two types formed. gametes are formed in humans - 4. There is complete 4. In this, only the 1. Spermatogonia (Male germ cell) - This causes the similarity present parents and the formation of motile cell ‘sperm’. between parent and offspring are to be 2. Oogonia (Female germ cell) - This produces non- child. genetically identical, motile cell ‘egg’. while physical 406. If...............is involved, even greater diversity variations occur. will be generated. 410. Syngamy is defined as: (a) Sexual reproduction (a) The fission of one egg. (b) Binary fission (c) Vegetative propagation (b) The fission of one sperm. (d) Asexual reproduction (c) The fusion of one of the sperm with an egg. RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II) (d) The fusion of one of the sperm with a Ans : (a): Greater diversity in species can be synergid. generated only through the sexual reproduction because RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-II) two different individuals take part in it and provide Ans. (c) The process of fusion between the haploid genetic matter. male nucleus and egg nucleus is known as amphimixis. 407. What of the following is primary sex organ in It is also known as syngamy or fertilization which leads man? to the formation of a diploid zygote. It leads to the (a) Prostate (b) Testis recombination of character which causes variation. It is (c) Vas deferens (d) Seminal vesicles a mode of sexual reproduction. RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II) 411. A baby receives its nutrition in the mother's Ans. (b) The pair of testis (testicles) is the primary sex womb through the .......... . organ in man. The male reproductive system includes (a) Fallopian tube (b) Uterus the penis, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, (c) Hormones (d) Placenta cowper's gland and seminal vesicles. RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 408. How many testicles does a male have? (a) Two (b) One Ans. (d) Placenta is a temporary organ that connects a (c) Three (d) Eight growing baby to mother's uterus in womb. It attaches to RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) the wall of mother's uterus, usually on the top or side and acts as a lifeline that gives nutrients and oxygen to Ans : (a) The testes are oval organs about the size of very large olives that lie in the scrotum, secured at baby through the umbilical cord. either end by a structure called the spermatic cord. Most 412. Which part of the female reproductive system men have two testes. The testes are responsible for prepares itself every month to receive and making testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, nurture the growing child? and for producing sperm. Within the testes are coiled (a) Cervix (b) Uterus masses of tubes called seminiferous tubules. These (c) Vagina (d) Ovary tubules are responsible for producing the sperm cells RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-III) through a process called spermatogenesis. Ans. (b) The uterus is the female reproductive part that 409. Asexual reproduction differs from sexual prepares itself every month to receive the male germ reproduction in that in asexual reproduction, cell and nurture a growing child by menstruation. (a) The gametes are produced in reproduction. Uterus, an inverted pear-shaped muscular organ of the (b) The offsprings show variations. female reproductive system, located between the (c) The new organisms are genetically identical bladder and the rectum.Its lowest section, the cervix, to parent. opens into the vagina.The inner linings of the uterus (d) The nuclei of gametes fuse. thicken, and a plentiful supply of blood is flown to RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) nourish the embryo. 413. Implantation is the process of: 418. The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb (a) The development of a child inside the through: mother's body. (a) Cervix (b) Vas deferens (b) Attachment of zygote to the lining of uterus. (c) Oviduct (d) Uterus (c) Nutrition from mother's blood through RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III) placenta. Ans. (c) As a result of ovulation from the graafian (d) Developing an embryo and its nourishment. follicle of the ovary, the oocytes into the fallopian tube. RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II) The wave motion of the fallopian tube wall and the cilia Ans : (b) Implantation is defined as the process by of mucosa pull oocytes down into the tube. In human which the embryo attaches to the endometrial surface of (woman), the process of fertilization occurs in the upper the uterus and invades the epithelium and then the 1/3 part of the ovarian duct. maternal circulation to form the placenta. 419. Name the organ where the embryo develops: 414. Prostate gland is present below: (a) Uterus (b) Fallopian tube (a) Bladder (b) Kidney (c) Ureter (d) Cervix (c) Scrotum (d) Penis RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II) RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-I) Ans. (a) The organ, where the embryo develops is Ans : (a) The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located called the uterus. The uterus is an organ of the female between the bladder and the penis. It is important for reproductive system, which is responsible for many reproduction, because it supplies the seminal fluid, reproductive functions including menstruation, which mixes with sperm from the testes. It is rich in conception and delivery etc. The uterus, also commonly fructose (source of energy), citrate, prostaglandins, calcium known as the womb, is a hollow muscular organ of the and certain enzymes. Seminal fluid along with the sperms female reproductive system that is responsible for the is called semen or seminal fluid. It also maintains the development of the embryo and fetus during pregnancy. viability and motility of sperms as it provides proper pH 420. Testis are located outside the abdominal cavity (approximately pH 7.5) and ionic strength. in the ……….. . 415. In human body,prostate is a………… . (a) Urinary Bladder (b) Ovary (a) Connective tissue (b) Gland (c) Vagina (d) Scrotum (c) Membrane (d) Muscle RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (d) The testes are located outside of the Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. abdominal cavity in the scrotum. The testes are also 416. The embryo gets nutrition from the mother's called reproductive glands of the male, they produce blood with the help of a special tissue called: sperm. Sperm formation requires a lower temperature than the normal body temperature that is why testes are (a) Uterus (b) Placenta located in scrotum outside the abdominal cavity, while (c) Cervix (d) Fallopian tubes the temperature in the abdominal cavity is relatively RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-I) high. Ans : (b) The embryo gets nutrition from the mother’s 421. Fertilization results in the formation of a/an : blood with the help of a special tissue called placenta. (a) Ovary (b) Germ cell During pregnancy, the placenta develops in the uterus (c) Gamete (d) Zygote that has main function to provide oxygen and nutrition to the unborn child. This nutrition is obtained from the RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III) mother's blood. Ans : (d) Fertilization results in the formation of a (a) The placenta itself stimulates the development of zygote. Fertilization is the process in which haploid the baby. gametes fuse to form a diploid cell called a zygote. (b) The placenta helps in the formation of lactogen in Fertilization is the process of formation of zygotes by the body. insertion of male gametes (sperm) and female gametes (c) The placenta connects the mother and child. (ovum). Internal fertilization occurs in human. In 417. Which part of the human reproductive system human, fertilization takes place in fallopian tube of the helps the embryo to get its nutrition from the female. mother's blood? 422. Which of the following is a reproductive cell? (a) Placenta (b) Fallopian tube (a) Gamete (b) WBC (c) Uterus (d) Cervix (c) RBC (d) Lymphocyte RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III) RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (a) The gamete is a reproductive cell. 423. What marks the onset of puberty in females? 427. Being started maturation of reproductive (a) Menopause (b) Adolescence tissues, body growth generally decreases. This (c) Menarche (d) Menstruation state of adolescence is called –––––––. RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III) (a) Independence (b) Maturity Ans : (d) The reproductive cycle in the female primates (c) Puberty (d) Menstruation (monkey, apes and human) is called menstrual cycle or RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III) menstruation. Menarche defines the onset of Ans. (c) When the body undergoes changes, leading to menstruation, which is a normal physiological process reproductive maturity, generally body growth decreases. that occurs at regular monthly intervals in females. This This state of adolescence is called puberty. Puberty is a menstrual cycle is repeated after a period of 28/29 days. period of psychosocial and social changes between That is why, the regular interval from one menstrual adolescence and adulthood. cycle to another is called menstrual cycle. Ovulation 428. The tissue that provides nourishment to the typically happens around day 14 i.e mid of a 28-day embryo in the uterus is- menstrual cycle. (a) Villi (b) Oviduct 424. What is the process of production of ovum in (c) Fallopian tube (d) Placenta females called ? RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Oogenesis (b) Menarche Ans : (d) Placenta is the tissue that provides nutrition to (c) Adolescence (d) Menstruation the embryo in the uterus. It acts as an intermediary RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II) between the infant and the mother. Ans. (a) The process of production of ovum in females 429. ––––– is the name of the age during which the is called oogenesis. In females, the process of reproductive organs of human males and fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube. The haploid females become functional, the gonads start male sperm gets fuse with the haploid female ovum in producing gametes and sex hormones, and fallopian tube and form a diploid structure called the become mature towards human sex. zygote. It contains half of the genes of male and female (a) Sexual reproduction parent. (b) Gametes 425. A newborn baby is fed with the first secretion (c) Parthenogenesis called colostrum from the mammary (d) Adolescence gland.What does colostrum impart? RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Factors for growth Ans. (d) Adolescence is the name of the age during (b) Immunity which the reproductive organs of human males and (c) Sleepiness females become functional, the gonads start producing (d) Nutrition for development gametes and sex hormones, and become sexually RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II) mature . The period of life, when the body undergoes Ans : (b) The first secretion from the mammary gland changes, leading to reproductive maturity, is called of a human that fed to newborn, is called colostrum. adolescence. Adolescence begins around the age of 11 Colostrum imparts immunity. Colostrum is a form of and lasts upto 18 or 19 years of age. milk produced by the mammals. Colostrum contains 430. Which process of fusion sperm and ova results various types of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals in the formation of a single structure called and antibodies. zygote? 426. Birth control pills contain : (a) Fragmentation (a) Progesterone only (b) Fertilization (b) Estrogen only (c) Tissue culture (c) Mixture of progesterone and estrogen (b) Sexual reproduction derivatives RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I) (d) Neither progesterone nor estrogen Ans. (b) Fertilization is the process of fusion sperm and RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist ova results in the formation of a single structure called Ans : (c) Birth control pills contain mixture of zygote. The gamete is an eukaryotic type germ cell which is formed as a result of mitosis cell division in progesterone and estrogen derivatives. The birth control the process of gametes production. The reproductive pills are the derivatives of estrogen and progesterone. cell of males is called sperm and the reproductive cell of These pills are still the safest and recognized worldwide females is called as ova. for unwanted pregnancy and family planning.Estrogen and progesterone are the female hormones that are 431. Sperms are produced in ––––. associated with ovulation and menstruation in females (a) Ureter (b) Testis while Testosterone is a hormone that is responsible for (c) Prostate gland (d) Scrotum many of the physical characteristics specific to adult RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I) males. RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) The organs producing the reproductive cells Ans : (b) In mammals, sperm cells are produced in the and carrying them to the place of fertilization, seminiferous tubules of each testis. These sperm cells collectively form the male reproductive system. Sperm leave the testes and pass into a larger coiled tube known are produced in the testis. They are located in the as the epididymis. The sperm cells attain maturity in the testicles within a system of tiny tubes called the epididymis. The sperm cells are stored in this structure seminiferous tubules, outside the abdominal cavity. The till they are ejaculated. Here, they live for about 30 reason for this is that the heat required for sperm days. During ejaculation, the sperms pass from the formation is less than the body temperature, so they are epididymis into the vas deferens and are ejaculated with found outside the body. the semen through the penis. 432. Why do men have testicles outside the body? 436. Which of the following is a male reproductive (a) Due to presence of spermatheca part in human beings? (b) Sperm formation requires a lower temperature than normal body temperature. (a) Vas deferens (b) Uterus (c) Sperm formation requires higher temperature (c) Fallopian tube (d) Ovary than normal body temperature. RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II) (d) Due to the special tissues found in parts of the RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II) stomach. Ans : (a) The process by which organisms increase RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) their numbers is called reproduction. The organs that Ans. (b) The testes — also called testicles — are two participate in the reproduction of organisms are called oval-shaped organs in the male reproductive system. reproductive organs. They're contained in a sac of skin called the scrotum. (Reproductive Organ) The scrotum hangs outside the body in the front of the pelvic region near the upper thighs. Sperm formation requires a lower temperature than normal body temperature,this is why men have testicles outside the (Male) (Female) body. Each testis is an oval-shaped structure wrapped in -Testes and Scrotal sac - Ovaries a double layer of peritoneum known as the tunica -Vas deferens - Fallopian Tube vaginalis. The testicular tissue consists of numerous -Seminal Vesicles - Uterus blind-ending tubules known as seminiferous tubules. -Penis - Vagina Interstitial cells are found between the seminiferous tubules, which secrete hormones called testosterone. 437. The child is born as a result of rhythmic 433. ........ serves as a nutritive tissue for growing contraction of muscles in .... embryo . (a) Cervix (b) Oviduct (a) Ovule (b) Ovary (c) Uterus (d) Vagina (c) Endosperm (d) zygote RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (c) Endosperm serves as nutritive tissue for Ans : (c) The main function of the uterus is to provide growing embryos. Embryonic development is called space for its development until the fertilized egg is embryogenesis. This embryonic stage lasts until the end converted into a embryo. Along with, the baby is born of eight weeks. as a result of rhythmic contractions in the uterine 434. Name the tube that originates from male testis muscles. and carries sperm into the body? 438. Uterus opens into the vagina through: (a) Epididymis (a) Fallopian tube (b) Vas deferens (b) Seminiferous tubules (c) Urethra (d) Cervix (c) Urethra RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Vas deferens Ans : (d) The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ in RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III) a woman's lower stomach between the bladder and the Ans : (d) Vas deferens is the tube that originates from rectum.The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that the male testis and carries the sperm into the body. The opens into the vagina. The vagina is a tube that vas deferens transports mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation. connects the uterus to the outside of the body. 435. Sperms are temporarily stored in the ……… . 439. Female germ cells or eggs are made in the: (a) Vas efferens (b) Epididymis (a) Cervix (b) Vagina (c) Bladder (d) Vas deferens (c) Ovary (d) Uterus RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (c) Female germ cells form in the ovaries. Ans : (b) The embryo gets nourishment inside the Female reproductive hormones also produce estrogen mother body through a special tissue called placenta. and progesterone. These cells are found in the immature The embryo grows inside the mother's womb and gets state of the ovaries from the time of birth of the girl, nourishment from mother's blood through the tissue which begin to mature as soon as puberty begins. called placenta. The placenta is a temporary organ that 440. The cavity of the graafian follicle is called develops in the uterus during pregnancy. It attaches the (a) Antrum fetus to the uterine wall. It also provides nutrients to the (b) Amniotic cavity fetus and also allows the fetus to transfer waste products (c) Liquor folliculi to the mother's blood. (d) Discus proligerous 446. The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I) through the: Ans. (a) The cavity of the graafian follicle is called (a) Oviduct (b) Ureter antrum. Graafian follicle is marked by the formation of (c) Vas deferens (d) Cervix a fluid-filled cavity adjacent to the oocyte, called the RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III) antrum. Ans : (a) The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb 441. The germ cells that store food for the fetus are by the oviduct. The fallopian tube is the tubular part of called …………. the female reproductive organ, located on both sides of (a) Oocyte (b) Zoogamete the uterus. They carry the eggs, i.e. it is the passageway (c) Spermatocyte (d) Homozygous for the eggs to reach the uterus. RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I) 447. Which of the following is not a part of the Ans. (a) The initial stage of organism development is female reproductive system? called embryo. The embryo receives its nutrition in the (a) Ovary (b) Uterus early stages from the nutritive substances brought by (c) Vagina (d) Vas deferens oocytes. RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III) 442. …………… carries sperms out of the testes. Ans : (d) Vas deferens is not a female but a male (a) Vas deferens (b) Oviduct reproductive organ. The sperms are carried by vas deferens into the seminal vesicles. The sperm migrate (c) Urethra (d) Ureter from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis. RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I) 448. Which human body part carry eggs from ovary Ans. (a) The sperms are carried out of the testes to uterus? through vas deferens. The name of the male genital (a) Ovaries (b) Fallopian tube organ in a human is testes and it is located in the (c) Vagina (d) Penis testicles. Its function is to produce sperm, secretes a hormone called testosterone and nourishes it. RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II) 443. Which of the following is not a male Ans. (b) The sperm and the ovum together form reproductive organ? embryo in the fallopian tube, that is the first stage of (a) Scrotum (b) Cervix pregnancy. The uterine tubes, also known as oviducts or (c) Prostate gland (d) Testes fallopian tubes, are the female structures that transport RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III) the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month. In the Ans : (b) The male reproductive organ is located in the presence of sperm and fertilization, the uterine tubes pelvic region of the body. Male reproductive organs are transport the fertilized egg to the uterus for included prostate gland , vas deferens,seminal vesicles, implantation. epididymis, scrotum, etc. while female reproductive 449. What is the method in which Copper-T is components are cervix , ovary , uterus etc. placed in the uterus called? 444. The vas deferens joins a tube coming from the (a) Copulation (b) Contraception bladder to form a comman passage, called the (c) Conception (d) Fertilization ––––––––––. RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Testes (b) Seminal vesicles Ans. (b) Copper-T is used for contraception. It is (c) Ureter (d) Urethra placed into the uterus of women. Once copper-T is RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-II) properly implanted, it acts as a barrier between the Ans. (d) The vas deferens joins a tube coming from the zygote and the uterine walls, preventing the woman bladder to form a common passage, called the urethra. from conceiving. 445. The embryo receives nutrition from the 450. In which part of the male reproductive system mother's blood with the help of a special cord, is the main genetic material found? is called ……… (a) Ureter (b) Sperm (a) Cervix (b) Placenta (c) Prostate gland (d) Scrotum (c) Uterus (d) Ovary RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (b) In human beings,the main genetic material is 457. Male reproductive cells are produced in found in the sperm of the male reproductive system. ………. Sperm or sperm cells are male reproductive cells whose (a) Testis (b) Vas deferens main function is to form the zygote by fusion with the (c) Scrotum (d) Prostate female reproductive cells. RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III) 451. Labor pain is caused due to contractions in Ans. (a) Sperm, the male reproductive cells are walls of ………. . produced in the testis. (a) Gene release (b) Ovary 458. Which of the following is a work done by (c) Uterus (d) Lower abdomen placenta tissue found in humans? RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Support the embryo. Ans : (c) Labor pain is caused due to contractions in the (b) Provide the nutrition to the embryo. walls of the uterus. Pain during labor is caused by (c) Removes waste matter from the embryo and contractions of the muscles of the uterus and by provide nutrition to the embryo. pressure on the cervix. (d) Remove of waste matter from embryo. 452. In the development of the child (in the case of RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II) humans) takes months approx ………… inside Ans : (c) The placenta is located in the uterus of the mother's body. women.The placenta is a large organ that develops (a) 9 (b) 7 during pregnancy. It is attached to the wall of the (c) 10 (d) 8 uterus, usually at the top or side. The umbilical cord RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II) connects the placenta to embryo. Blood from the mother Ans : (a) Generally, period of 9 months from the date passes through the placenta, filtering oxygen, glucose of conception is suitable for the development of the and other nutrients to embryo through the umbilical child, but this period may increase or decrease in cord. One end of the placenta is attached to the exceptional circumstances. umbilical cord and the other end is connected to the 453. ………..results in the formation of zygote. navel of the children.The placenta provides oxygen and (a) Photosynthesis (b) Transpiration nutrients to the uterus while excluding carbon dioxide (c) Fertilization (d) Pollination and other waste matters. RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I) 459. Which of the following is not a female Ans : (c) The cell that forms by two gamete cells through reproductive organ? sexual reproduction, are called zygote. This fusion of (a) Uterus (b) Vas deferens germ cells is known as fertilization. The zygote is formed (c) Ovary (d) Fallopian tube by fertilization of sperm and ovum. RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II) 454. In humans, the fertilized egg is implanted into Ans. (b) The uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes are the lining of ………. part of the female reproductive system while vas (a) Vagina (b) Uterus deferens is part of the male reproductive system that (c) Cervix (d) Ovary connects the male genitals and testicles from both sides. RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III) 460. Male and female gametes fuse together to form Ans. (b) In humans, the fertilized egg is implanted into .... the lining of the uterus. The process of fertilization (a) Zygote (b) Egg (c) Womb (d) Sperm takes place in the oviduct. After fertilization, the zygote RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I) attaches the uterine wall, that is called implantation. Ans : (a) During sexual reproduction, a male and 455. Where does the fertilized egg, zygote, implant? female gametes merge together to form a new organism. (a) Ovary (b) Uterus The two haploid cells fuse together to form a diploid (c) Vagina (d) Cervix cell called a zygote. The process of coupling of male RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) and female gametes to form zygote is called Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question. fertilization. Embryo develop by fertilization. 456. Variations that occur during the reproductive 461. Which of the following statement is true process can be –––––––. regarding cleavage? (a) Inherited (b) Changed (a) The size of embryo decreases. (c) Modified (d) Less (b) The size of embryo increases. RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) The size of daughter cell increases. Ans. (a) Variations that occur during the process of (d) The size of daughter cell decreases. reproduction can be inherited. Traits that are transferred RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III) from one generation to another, they are called inherited Ans. (d) The action of cleavage occurs in zygotes. The traits. In spite of inheriting traits from parents to term cleavage refers to a series of rapid mitotic division children, there are some traits which are completely of the zygote following fertilization, celled structure different from parents, these are called variations. forming a many celled blastula. The cleavage follows fertilization and ends with the formation of a 32-celled Ans : (d) The testes in the body are located in a pouch stage. In cleavage, there is no growth phase. The size of outside the abdominal cavity, called scrotum. The the embryo remains same while size of the daughter testicle is helpful in lowering the temperature of the cells decreases.The interphase is very little in it. Only testis (2–2.5C), that is necessary for spermatogenesis. DNA is synthesized at the interphase. Cytoplasm of each 467. Vas deferens is attached to the tube through daughter cells decreases and the blastomeres remain the bladder to form a common passage, called together till the completion of this stage. Consumption of the –––––––. oxygen increases as number of cells increases. Nuclear (a) Seminal vesicles (b) Urethra cytoplasmic ratio increases in cleavage. (c) Testis (d) Ureter 462. The secretion from the prostate gland enters into the: RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Kidney (b) Testis Ans. (b) Vas deferens is attached to the tube through (c) Ureter (d) Urethra bladder to form a common passage, called Urethra. RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III) 468. In some females, due to some problem, Ans : (d) The prostate gland is found only in men, is a fertilization cannot take place. In such cases, part of male reproductive system. The prostate gland is freshly released eggs and sperms are kept located around the urethra. The urethra excretes urine from together for few hours for fertilization to occur the bladder through the penis. outside the body. This is called: 463. ........ changes the appearance seen in boys (a) Regeneration during puberty: (b) Fertilization (a) Prolactin (b) Adrenaline (c) Vegetative reproduction (c) Estrogen (d) Testosterone RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II) (d) In vitro fertilization Ans : (d) Testosterone is a steroid hormone found RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II) mainly in the testicles and adrenal glands of men. High Ans : (d) Test tube or In vitro fertilization is an levels of testosterone are related to sexual functionality, artificial process of fertilization in which eggs (ovum) reproductive functions, muscular weight, hair growth, are extracted from female ovaries and fused with sperm excitement and competitive behavior. Testosterone in the test tube. The fertilized egg is then placed in the changes the appearance seen in men at the time of woman's uterus. Test tube baby develops in the uterus. puberty. Testosterone levels reaches its peak at the age It is considered the most effective technique of artificial of 40 and gradually decreases after that. insemination in women. This method is adopted when a 464. Menstruation is indicated by the bleeding woman does not conceive due to some problem. through vagina due to : (a) Bursting of sperm 469. What is a test tube baby? (b) Bursting of ovum (a) Fertilization of the ovum occurs in the uterus, (c) Breaking of the lining of the uterus but develops in the test tube. (d) Breaking of the walls of the vagina (b) Fertilization takes place in the uterus and RRB Group-D 16-12-2018 (Shift-II) embryo develops in the uterus . Ans. (c) The ovaries of a girl between 10 and 15 years (c) Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test of age, start producing a developed ovum every month. tube and develops in the test tube itself. The egg goes down through fallopian tube that connects (d) Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test the ovary to the uterus. When the egg reaches the tube, but it develops in the uterus. uterus, its linings become thick with blood and fluid. RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) This is so that if the egg is fertilized, it can grow and Ans. (d) See the explanation of above question. develop its lining for the birth of the baby. If the egg is not fused with male sperm, the uterine lining breaks 470. In sexual reproduction, the parents down into a bloody substance. It then passes down contributes: through the cervix and exits through the vagina. This (a) Three-fourth of its genes secretion is called menstrual period or menstruation. (b) Half of its genes 465. Fertilized egg, zygote,is implanted in the layer of: (c) One-fourth of its genes (a) Oviduct (b) Vagina (d) All of its genes (c) Cervix (d) Uterus RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (b) The gametes are also called germ cells. They Ans : (d) Fertilized egg, zygote,is implanted in the carry only half number of chromosomes/DNA present , layer of Uterus. Successful fusion of male sperm and compared to somatic cells of an organism. female egg is called fertilization. 471. What is the name of female reproductive cell? 466. Identify the part where the germ cells are formed in the male reproductive organ . (a) Egg (b) Sperm (a) Testicles (b) Penis (c) Ovule (d) Ovary (c) Ureter (d) Testis RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (a) The female reproductive cell is named Egg. regulation of chemical reactions in metabolism in the 10. Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals body. It is also called protective substance. On the basis of solubility, vitamins are of two types – 1. What is the common name of E300? • Water soluble vitamins -B, C (a) Vitamin B (b) Vitamin C • Fat soluble vitamins -A, D, E, K (c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin A 7. Deficiency of which of the following causes RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist colour blindness and poor vision? Ans. (b) E300 is the common name for vitamin C. Its (a) Calcium (b) Vitamin A chemical name is ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid is (c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin C commonly found in citrus fruit such as oranges, RRB NTPC 02.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist tomatoes, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, broccoli etc. Ans. (b) Deficiency of Vitamin A causes colour Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy disease. blindness and poor vision. Vitamin A (retinol, retinoic 2. If a person is suffering from rickets, the person acid) is a nutrient important to vision, growth, cell has deficiency of ………… division, reproduction and immunity. Vitamin A also (a) Vitamin K (b) Vitamin D has antioxidant properties. (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin B 8. Which of the following vitamins is rich in RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist yeast? Ans : (b) Deficiency of vitamin D causes rickets. (a) Vitamin B (b) Vitamin C Rickets is a disease of bones that usually occurs in (c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin A children. It causes softening and weakening of bone and RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist curved legs. Lack of vitamin D results in reduced absorption of calcium and phosphorus. Difficulty Ans. (a) Yeast extract naturally contains vitamin B12 maintaining proper calcium and phosphorus levels in which is not derived from animals. It contains all the ingredients that are present in fresh yeast as well as bones can cause rickets. proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and 3. Which vitamin promotes the absorption of minerals. calcium in the body? 9. Which of the following is the highest source of (a) A (b) D zinc? (c) B (d) B6 (a) Legumes (b) Brinjal RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-II) (c) Radish (d) Milk Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 4. Non-clotting of blood occurs because of the Ans : (a) Zinc is an essential mineral that plays an deficiency of : important role in more than 100 enzymic reactions in (a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin K the body. The highest source of zinc are legumes. (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin B 10. Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given below. RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Assertion (A): Beriberi is a viral infection. Ans. (b) Non-clotting of blood occurs because of the Reason (R): Vitamin deficiency causes diseases. deficiency of vitamin K. The main symptoms of vitamin choose the right option- K deficiency is excessive bleeding caused by an (a) A is false but R is true. inability to form blood clots. It can also make bones (b) A is true but R is false. weaker and increase a person's chances of breaking (c) Both A and R are false. them. (d) Both A and R are true and R is the correct 5. Which vitamin activates proteins and calcium explanation of A. essential for blood clotting? RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Vitamin B1 (b) Vitamin K Ans. (a) Beriberi disease is caused by vitamin B1 (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin C (thiamine) deficiency, so given assertion is false. While the reason is true, because vitamin deficiency causes RRB NTPC 11.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist diseases. Ans.(b) Deficiency of vitamin K leads to a decrease in 11. Which of the following is a good source of blood clotting. Its deficiency also weakens the bones. vitamin A? Vitamin K activates the protein and calcium required (a) Cabbage (b) Carrot for blood clotting. (c) Potato (d) Strawberry 6. Identify the water-soluble vitamin from the RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist following. Ans : (b) The chemical name for vitamin A is retinol. (a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin E Its source is all kinds of green vegetables and fruits (c) Vitamin B1 (d) Vitamin A such as carrots, papaya etc. Due to its deficiency, there RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist is a disease called night blindness and xerophthalmia. Ans.(c) Vitamins were discovered by Funk in 1911 Vitamin A is also known as anti- infection vitamin as it AD. It is a kind of organic compound. No calories are helps the body to fight with bacterial, parasitic, and obtained from them, but they are very necessary for the viral infections. 12. Which of the following is the highest source of 21. Deficiency of Vitamin C causes: Vitamin 'A'? (a) Goiter (b) Scurvy (a) Orange (b) Cauliflower (c) Loss of vision (d) Beriberi (c) Carrot (d) Sugarcane RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans. (b) : Scurvy is a condition caused by a severe Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. lack of vitamin C in the diet. Vitamin C is found in 13. Vitamin A is related to: citrus fruits and vegetables. (a) Cobalamin (b) Retinol Vitamin/Mi Deficiency Symptoms (c) Ascorbic acid (d) Amino acid neral diseases/dis RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-I) order Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. Vitamin A Loss of Poor vision, loss of vision 14. Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of vision in darkness (night), ………. sometimes complete loss of (a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B vision (c) Vitamin C (d) Vitamin D Vitamin B1 Beriberi Weak muscles and very RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) little energy to work Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. Vitamin C Scurvy Bleeding gums, wounds 15. Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy? take longer time to heal (a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B6 (c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin C Vitamin D Rickets Bones become soft and weak or brittle RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (d) Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. The Calcium Bone and Weak bones, tooth decay chemical name of vitamin C is ascorbic acid. Good tooth decay sources of vitamin C are juicy citrus fruits such as Iodine Goiter Glands in the neck appear Indian gooseberry, orange, grape, tomato, orange, swollen, mental disability lemon, mint, green coriander, spinach etc. in children 16. Which of the following diseases is mostly Iron Anaemia Weakness caused by deficiency of vitamin 'C'? 22. Which disease is caused by vitamin C (a) Scurvy (b) Kidney failure deficiency? (c) Arthritis (d) Respiratory disease (a) Rickets (b) Beri Beri RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Scurvy (d) Night blindness Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 17. Scurvy disease, the symptom of which include Ans : (c) Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C bleeding gums, may be prevented by adding deficiency. Due to its deficiency, the gums become ………… to the diet. swollen and the teeth begin to fall. The chemical name (a) Vitamin-A (b) Cholesterol of vitamin C is ascorbic acid. Vitamin 'C' is found in (c) Vitamin-C (d) Protein oranges, lemon, amla and tomatoes etc. RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III) 23. Banana is a good source of which vitamin? Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. (a) A (b) C (c) D (d) B 18. Citrus fruits are considered a rich source of: (a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin D RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) (c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin C Ans. (d) : Banana has the highest amount of Vitamin B6 RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) (33%). Banana is also a good source of vitamin 'C'. Along with this, vitamin 'A', iron, phosphorus etc are also Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. found in bananas. 19. Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of ............ 24. Name the vitamin which deficiency causes (a) Vitamin-A (b) Vitamin-B1 excessive bleeding? (c) Vitamin-B2 (d) Vitamin-C (a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II) (c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin C RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III) RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (c) Due to deficiency of Vitamin K, excessive 20. Which of the following vitamins is not a fat bleeding occurs. The chemical name of vitamin K is soluble? ‘Phylloquinone’. It is an anti-hemorrhagic vitamin (a) Vitamin-K (b) Vitamin-A which is responsible for prothrombin formation in the (c) Vitamin-D (d) Vitamin-C liver. Due to deficiency of vitamin K in the human RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) body, blood clot does not form and excessive bleeding Ans. (d) Vitamins C and B are not soluble in fat, while occurs from wounds. It is found in green leafy they are soluble in water. vegetables, tomatoes etc. The chemical name of vitamin A is ‘Retinol’. Its Ans. (a) Fructose is a natural simple sugar found in deficiency causes disease called night blindness. fruits, honey, and vegetables. In its pure form, fructose Vitamin B : Its chemical name is ‘Thiamine’. Its has been used as a sweetener since the mid 1850s. deficiency causes disease called beri-beri. Types of sugar: The chemical name of Vitamin C is ‘Ascorbic acid’. Fructose: found in fruits and honey. Scurvy disease occurs due to its deficiency. Galactose: found in milk and dairy products. 25. Which is the vitamin required for blood Lactose: found in milk, made from glucose and coagulation? galactose. (a) E (b) D Maltose: found in barley. (c) K (d) C Sucrose: made up of glucose and fructose and found in RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) plant. Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. 30. Retinol is mainly related to ……… . 26. Which of the following deficiency causes rickets (a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B disease? (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin E (a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin A RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin C Ans : (a) Retinol (with a formula: C20H30O) is a form RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III) of vitamin A that is yellow in colour and typically Ans : (a) occurs in tissues in a form of retinyl ester. It may also Vitamin Deficiency diseases be available commercially as retinyl acetate or Vitamin D - Rickets (in children) palmitate. Retinol can be obtained from food such as fish oils and green vegetables. Vitamin A - Night blindness The chemical names and deficiency effects of Vitamin B - Beriberi vitamins are as follows: Vitamin C - Scurvy Sr. Vitamin Chemical name Deficiency 27. Which vitamin activates proteins and calcium No. essential for blood clotting? 1. Vitamin-A Retinol Night (a) Vitamin K (b) Vitamin B1 blindness (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin C 2. Vitamin-B1 Thiamine Beriberi RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Disease Ans. (a) : Vitamin-K is soluble in fats and helps in 3. Vitamin-C Ascorbic acid Scurvy clotting of blood. The chemical name of vitamin-K is Disease Phylloquinone. Deficiency of vitamin K- 4. Vitamin-D Calcipherol Rickets * prevents clotting of blood 5. Vitamin-E Tocopherol Impotence * causing pain in bones 6. Vitamin-K Naphthoquinone Blood * affects digestive system clotting 31. Which disease is caused by vitamin A Vitamins Scientific Name Deficiency deficiency? Vitamin D Calciferol Rickets and (a) Night blindness (b) Beriberi osteomalacia (c) Anemia (d) Tuberculosis (TB) Vitamin C Ascorbic acid Scurvy RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Vitamin B1 Thiamine Beri-beri Ans :(a) See the explanation of the above question. 32. What does Vitamin K deficiency leads to: • Only four of the vitamins A, D, E, K are Fat soluble. (a) Problem in blood clotting • Other 9 Vitamins are water soluble. (b) Problem in calcium metabolism 28. Which vitamin keeps our eyes and skin (c) Problem in digestion healthy? (d) All of the options (a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin A RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II) (c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin E Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 33. Which of the following vitamins helps in the normal clotting of blood in human beings? Ans. (b) Vitamin-A is also called Retinol. Vitamin-A (a) Vitamin-C (b) Vitamin-A helps in growing and maintenance of epithelial tissues (c) Vitamin-D (d) Vitamin-K and prevents drying of skin. Vitamin-A is also needed RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) for night vision. Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. 29. Which type of sugar is responsible for 34. Vitamin B1 is also called as: sweetening in fruits? (a) Thiamine (b) Ascorbic acid (a) Fructose (b) Maltose (c) Biotin (d) Niacin (c) Sucrose (d) Lactose RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 35. Vitamin C is also called as ………. 42. Which vitamin among the following is crucial (a) Acetic acid (b) Ascorbic acid for blood clotting? (c) Riboflavin (d) Folic acid (a) Vitamin B12 (b) Vitamin D RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin E Ans. (b) Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. The RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist chemical name of vitamin C is ascorbic acid. Juicy Ans : (a) Vitamin B12 is crucial for blood clotting. citrus fruits such as gooseberry, lemon, orange, spinach Vitamin B12 is also known as cyanocobalamin. It is a etc. are good source of vitamin C. cobalt- containing vitamin important for body health 36. The main function of vitamin K is in: and homeostasis. Vitamin B12 is crucial to the normal (a) Immune system (b) Blood clotting function of the brain and the nervous system. (c) Calcium absorption (d) Skin health 43. Which of the following vitamin contains a RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) mineral called cobalt? (a) Vitamin B3 (b) Vitamin B2 Ans. (b) In 1934, Danish scientist, Dr. Henrik Dam (c) Vitamin B12 (d) Vitamin B6 discovered vitamin K and approved as fat–soluble RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) vitamin. It helps in clotting of blood. Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. 37. Which of the following occurs due to deficiency of vitamin K? 44. Cobalamin is present in which vitamin? (a) Failure of clotting of blood (a) Vitamin B12 (b) Vitamin B5 (b) Blastocyst formation in uterus (c) Vitamin B3 (d) Vitamin B1 (c) Non maturation of ovum. RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (d) Neuritis Ans. (a) Cobalt forms part of the structure of vitamin RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) B12. Vitamin B12 has several important functions Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. including making red blood cells and releasing energy 38. What causes Beriberi? from the food. (a) Excess of vitamin B1 45. Cobalmin is also called as: (b) Deficiency vitamin B1 (a) Vitamin-D (b) Vitamin-B12 (c) Excess of Vitamin C (d) Vitamin-A (d) Vitamin-C (d) Deficiency of Vitamin C RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-IV) Ans. (b) Cobalamin is also called as vitamin B12. Ans. (b) Beriberi is caused by vitamin B1 deficiency. 46. Niacin is a form of : 39. The richest source of Vitamin-D from food is : (a) Vitamin B3 (b) Vitamin B4 (a) Cottonseed oil (b) Olive oil (c) Vitamin B1 (d) Vitamin B2 (c) Cod liver oil (d) Sunflower oil RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (a) Niacin is a form of vitamin B3. Its deficiency Ans. (c) The richest source of vitamin-D from food is causes pellagra disease. cod liver oil(fish oil). Fish oil contains omega-3 fatty 47. Which vitamin is used for treatment of acids that reduce body inflammation. Fish oil is also common cold? beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, (a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin A high cholesterol, depression, anxiety, weak immune (c) Vitamin C (d) Vitamin B system, cancer, diabetes, inflammation, arthritis, AIDS, RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) Alzheimer's disease, eye disorders and ulcers. Ans. (c) Vitamin C is used for treatment of common 40. The liver oil of fish is rich in : cold. (a) Vitamin-A 48. Which of the following is the most abundant (b) Both Vitamin-A and Vitamin-D source of iron? (c) Vitamin-E (a) Green vegetables (b) Beans (d) Vitamin-D (c) Eggs (d) Milk RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) The liver oil of fish is rich in both vitamin- A Ans. (a) Green vegetables are the most abundant source and vitamin - D. of iron. 41. Which one of the following is not a rich source 49. Pellagra is caused through deficiency of: of calcium? (a) Riboflavin (b) Ascorbic acid (a) Cheese (b) Collard Greens (c) Folic acid (d) Niacin (c) Fig (d) Carrot RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) Pellagra is caused by deficiency of niacin. RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist 50. Vitamin K is produced through bacteria Ans : (d) The amount of calcium in cheese is 721mg naturally found in: (per 100 grams). Calcium is found to be 35mg (per (a) Pancreas (b) Kidney 100g) in figs while calcium is present less in carrots. (c) Heart (d) Intestine Therefore, it is not considered a rich source of calcium. RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) Vitamin K is produced through bacteria, naturally found in intestine. 11. Human Diseases : Symptoms and 51. What is riboflavin? Treatments (a) antibiotic (b) dye material (c) vitamin (d) plant 1. Which of the following diseases is not caused by RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) water pollution? Ans. (c) Riboflavin is a vitamin. It is the chemical (a) Typhoid (b) Cholera name of vitamin B2. It participates in metabolism of (c) Diarrhoea (d) Plague carbohydrates and other substances. Due to its RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist deficiency, the weight of the body decreases. Ans. (d) Plague is an infectious bacterial disease that 52. Megaloblastic anaemia is caused by the affects animals and humans. It is caused by bacterium deficiency of which vitamin Yersinia pestis. Symptoms may include-headache, (a) Vitamin B2 (b) Vitamin C fever, fatigue, diarrhoea, nausea or vomiting and muscle (c) Vitamin B9 (d) Vitamin A aches etc. RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 2. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of Ans. (c) Vitamins Diseases (deficiency) protein in our body? Vitamin B9 Megaloblastic anaemia (a) Scurvy (b) Beri-beri Vitamin B2 Redish Eyes, dry skin (c) Rickets (d) Kwashiorkor Vitamin C Scurvy RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Vitamin A Night blindness Ans. (d) The most common diseases as a result of 53. Identify the protein deficient disease: protein deficiency are kwashiorkor and marasmus. (a) Scurvy (b) Beri beri Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease that is (c) Night blindness (d) Kwashiorkor manifested as edema and liver enlargement. Fatty J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) infiltrations are also present. The disease is caused by Ans. (d) Deficiency of protein leads to Kwashiorkor deficiency caused due to less protein intake. Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy. 3. Deficiency of ______ induces a disorder known as kwashiorkor. Source: → All fruits, chillies, etc. but are found most (a) Protein (b) Fats in Indian gooseberries. Night blindness occurs due to deficiency of vitamin A. (c) Carbohydrates (d) Minerals RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Source: → Carrots, Spinach, Papaya etc. Ans.(a) See the explanation of above question. Deficiency of vitamin B causes a disease called Beri- beri. 4. Asthma is a disorder of the _____ in the human body. 54. The disease caused by deficiency of protein in (a) Respiratory system (b) Circulatory system children is called? (a) Kwashiorkor (b) Pellagra (c) Digestive system (d) Locomotor system (c) Beri-beri (d) Rickets RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans.(a) Asthma, emphysema, are the disorders of Ans. (a) The disease caused by deficiency of protein in respiratory system. Asthma is a difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and children is called Kwashiorkor. bronchioles. The most effective drugs for long-term 55. Which deficiency causes anemia? asthma control are known as inhaled corticosteroids (a) Folic acid (b) Vitamin B12 5. Which of the following disease does NOT (c) Iron (d) All of the above spread through the air? RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) (a) Common cold (b) Pneumonia Ans. (d) Anemia is due to deficiency of Vitamin B9 (c) Tuberculosis (d) Cholera (Folic acid), Vitamin B12 and iron. RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Folic Acid - Macrocytic Anemia Ans.(d) Common-cold, pneumonia and tuberculosis are Vitamin B12 - Pernicious Anemia diseases spread through air whereas cholera is spread by Iron (Fe) - Anemia contaminated water, contaminated food items and flies. 56. Cod liver oil obtained from fish, is a rich The cause of cholera is a bacterium called Vibrio source of which vitamin? cholerae. Vomiting, diarrhoea, lack of water in the body (a) Vitamin C (b) Vitamin B12 are the main symptoms of cholera disease. (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin B1 6. Peptic ulcer is caused by which of the following RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) organisms? Ans : (c) Cod liver oil obtained from fish, is a rich (a) Worm (b) Virus source of Vitamin-D. Fish oil contains omega-3 fatty (c) Bacterium (d) Protozoa acids (EPA and DHA). RRB NTPC 11.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans.(c) The most common causes of peptic ulcers are 10. Which of the following is INCORRECT infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori(H. regarding a disease and its causative organism? pylori). Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the (a) AIDS-HIV inside linings of stomach and the upper portion of small (b) Malaria-Plasmodium intestine. The most common symptom of a peptic ulcer (c) TB-Mycobacterium is stomach pain. (d) Cholera-Influenza 7. An international treaty, designed to protect RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist human health and phase out the use of Ans.(d) The correct answer is as follows: mercury, was signed in 2013 at _______. Name of disease Caused by (a) Tianjin, China (b) Minamata, Japan AIDS Human Immunodeficiency (c) Betio, Kiribati Virus (HIV) (d) The Hague, Netherlands Malaria Plasmodium Parasite RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Tuberculosis (TB) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ans. (b) Minamata Convention on Mercury is an Cholera Bacterium Vibrio cholerae international treaty designed to protect human health 11. Which of the following is not an eye disease? and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and (a) Cataract (b) Dry eye releases of mercury and mercury-based compounds. It (c) Goiter (d) Glaucoma was signed on 6 November, 2013. Minamata Convention is named after the Japanese city of RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Minamata, which experienced a severe, decades-long Ans.(c) Cataract, dry eye and glaucoma are the diseases incidence of mercury poisoning after industrial associated with eye, while goiter caused due to wastewater from a chemical factory was discharged into deficiency of iodine. Minamata Bay. 12. What causes Bird Flu? 8. If a person has difficulty in seeing distant (a) HPV Virus objects clearly, what condition him suffering (b) H5N1 Virus from and how can it is corrected? (c) Tsetse fly (a) Myopia, using convex lens (d) Anopheles mosquito (b) Myopia, using concave lens RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Hypermetropia, using convex lens Ans.(b) Bird flu is caused by a type of influenza virus (d) Hypermetropia, using concave lens (H5N1) that rarely infects humans. H5N1 occurs RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist naturally in wild waterflow, but this can spread very Ans.(b) A person with myopia (near-sightedness) can easily to humans domestic poultry. This disease is see nearby objects clearly but cannot see distant objects directly transmitted to humans through contact with distinctly. A person with this defect has the far point infected bird feces, and secretions from the mouth and nearer than infinity. Such a person may see clearly upto eyes. a distance of a few metres. In a myopic eye, the image 13. Which of the following option is not correctly of a distant object is formed in front of the retina and matched? not at the retina itself. This defect may arise due to excessive curvature of the eye lens, or elongation of the (a) Malaria : Protozoa (b) Measles : Bacteria eyeball. This defect can be corrected by using a concave (c) Tetanus : Bacteria (d) Typhoid : Bacteria lens of suitable power. RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 9. Which of the following type of medicine is used Ans.(b) The correct match is as follows: to treat indigestion? Disease Caused by (a) Sulfa drug (b) Antihistamine Malaria - Protozoa (Plasmodium) (c) Antibiotic (d) Antacid Measles - Virus (Rubella) RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I) Tetanus - Bacteria (Clostridium tetani) Ans. (d) Antacid is used to treat indigestion. Antacids are medicines that counteract (neutralise) the acid in Typhoid- Bacteria (Salmonella typhi) stomach to relieve indigestion and heartburn. Excess 14. Which of these diseases is caused by virus? production of acid in the stomach causes heartburn and (a) Measles (b) Tuberculosis pain. In severe condition, stomach occur wounds called (c) Typhoid (d) Diphtheria ulcers. Metal hydroxide is a better antacid because RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) being insoluble it does not allow the pH to increase Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. above neutral. Ranitidine (Zantac) is an antacid. Anti histamines - They are used primarily for the 15. Which of the following is viral disease? prevention of allergies. (a) Rickets (b) Syphilis Sulfa drug – It is used in bacterial infections. (c) Measles (d) Beriberi Antimicrobial - is mainly used to prevent infection of RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) diseases, bacteria, and fungi in humans and organisms. Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. 16. Which of the following statements is NOT 21. Hay fever is caused by the presence of which of correct about antibiotics? the following in polluted air? (a) Side effects of antibiotics can include (a) Carbon monoxide (b) Ozone smallpox, filaria and diphtheria. (c) Particulate matter (d) Pollen (b) Antibiotics are not effective against cold and RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist flu. Ans. (d) Hay fever is caused by an allergic response to (c) Antibiotics are not effective against viruses. outdoor or indoor allergens, such as pollen, dust mites (d) Antibiotics are effective against bacterial or tiny flecks of skin and saliva shed by cats, dogs and diseases. other animals with fur or feathers. RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 22. Which of the following unicellular organism Ans. (a) Antibiotics are chemicals that interfere with causes Kala-azar? metabolic processes that inhibit the growth of or kill (a) Ascaris (b) Leishmania microbes, especially bacteria. Antibiotics are used to (c) Liver fluke (d) Tapeworm treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi and protozoa. RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist The side effects of antibiotics can be runny nose, itching Ans.(b) Kala-Azar is a slow progressing indigenous in the eyes difficulty in breathing etc. Side effects of disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus antibiotics may not include chickenpox, filariasis and Leishmania. The parasite primarily infects the reticulo- diphtheria. endothelial system and may be found in abundance in 17. Which one of the following diseases is NOT bone marrow, spleen and liver. caused by a virus? 23. The female Anopheles mosquito is a (a) Chicken Pox (b) Tuberculosis transmitter of: (c) Influenza (d) Measles (a) Typhoid (b) Cholera RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Dengue (d) Malaria Ans.(b) Diseases that are caused by the virus are called RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist the viral diseases and diseases caused by bacteria are Ans. (d) Malaria is an acute febrile illness caused by called bacterial diseases. For example– Plasmodium parasites, which are spread to people Viral diseases:– through the bites of infected female Anopheles AIDS, Dengue fever, Small Pox, Chicken Pox, Polio, mosquitoes. It is preventable and curable. Symptoms Measles, Rabies, Jaundice etc. are fever, headache and chills etc. Bacterial diseases:– 24. Which of the following is not an infectious Tuberculosis, Typhoid, Plague, Pneumonia etc. disease? 18. Aedes mosquito is a carrier of: (a) Cholera (b) Measles (a) Cholera (b) Dengue (c) Malaria (d) Diabetes (c) Malaria (d) Typhoid RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 11.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. Ans.(b) Aedes mosquito (Aedes aegypti) is the yellow 25. What is the full form of AIDS? fever mosquito that carries dengue virus, chikungunya (a) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and zika virus. Aedes is a genus of mosquitoes. The (b) Acute Immune Deficit Syndrome genus that cannot fly very high. Malaria is spread by the (c) Acute Immune Deficiency Syndrome bite of the Anopheles mosquito. Cholera is caused by (d) Acquired Immune Deficit Syndrome the consumption of contaminated food or water. It is an RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist intestinal disease caused by bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Ans. (a) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 19. Sleeping sickness is caused by: (AIDS) is a chronic potentially life threatening (a) House fly (b) Mosquito condition, caused by the Human Immunodeficiency (c) Tsetse fly (d) Sand fly Virus (HIV). It can also be spread by contact with RRB NTPC 08.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist infected blood etc. HIV is a virus that attacks the Ans.(c) Sleeping sickness is caused by Tsetse fly. It is a immune system, the body's natural defense against kind of insect which is mainly found in Sahara and illness. Kalahari desert. 26. What is meant by dental caries? 20. Which of the following diseases is NOT caused (a) Whitening to the tooth by a virus? (b) Inflammation of the tooth (a) Dengue fever (b) Cold (c) Tooth decay (c) Cholera (d) AIDS (d) Sticking of food particles to the tooth RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans.(c) Cholera is a bacterial disease causing severe Ans. (c) Dental caries of cavities are more commonly diarrhoea and dehydration, usually spread by known as tooth decay are caused by a breakdown of the contaminated water. It spreads through ingestion of tooth enamel. This breakdown is the result of bacteria food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio on teeth which break foods and produce acid that cholerae. destroys tooth enamel. 27. Tuberculosis is caused by: Ans : (b) DPT, triplet viral vaccine is included in the (a) Protozoa (b) Virus list of mandatory vaccines issued by the Government of (c) Bacterium (d) Fungus India.This vaccine is applied to infants under 6 months RRB NTPC 12.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist of age. This vaccine is given to the child to avoid three Ans.(c) Tuberculosis (TB) is potentially serious fatal diseases - diphtheria, whooping cough (Pertussis) infectious disease that mainly effects the lungs. It can and tetanus. also spread to other parts of body, like brain and spine. 33. Whooping cough is also called as: Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria causes it. This (a) Pertussis (b) Mumps bacterium is spread from person to person through tiny (c) Variola (d) Rubella droplets released into the air via coughs and sneezes. RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II) 28. Which of the following diseases is caused by a Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. virus? 34. Which of the following disease is not (a) Typhoid (b) Tuberculosis immunized by triple antigen? (c) Cholera (d) Chicken Pox (a) Typhoid (b) Diphtheria RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Tetanus (d) Whooping cough Ans. (d) Diseases caused by: RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) Virus → Chicken pox, Small pox, AIDS, Polio, Rabies, Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. Herpes 35. The use of DPT prevents: Bacteria→ Tuberculosis, Whooping cough, Diphtheria, (a) Tuberculosis (b) Diphtheria Typhoid, Pneumonia (c) Polio (d) All of the above Fungi →Athletes’ foot, Baldness RRBJE 2014 (14.12.2014 Set -2 Red Paper) 29. Sonography is very useful in detecting Ans. (b) The use of DPT prevents diphtheria. abnormal deficiencies in gall bladder stones Diphtheria - Diphtheria is a serious infection caused and tumors. ........... is used in this technique. (a) Light wave (b) Sound wave by strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheria (c) Transverse wave that make a toxin. Due to this disease, a membrane is (d) Longitudinal wave RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)formed in the throat and breathing becomes blocked. It is contagious disease. Diphtheria bacteria usually spread Ans. (b) Sonography is very useful in detecting from person to person through respiratory droplets, like abnormal deficiencies in gall bladder stones and tumors. Sound waves are used in this technique. from coughing or sneezing. Treatment - Infectious diseases like diphtheria, 30. What type of pollution causes various diseases pertussis and tetanus can be prevented by DPT triplet related to the respiratory system? viral vaccine. (a) Air Pollution (b) Land Pollution 36. An ophthalmologist is one who treats: (c) Water Pollution (d) Noise Pollution (a) Skin (b) Bones RRB NTPC 07.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Limbs (d) Eyes Ans. (a) Air pollution causes various diseases related to RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) the respiratory system. Ans. (d) Ophthalmologist treats the eyes. and vision Air pollutant Diseases problems. * Sulphur dioxide Asthma, Coughing, Chronic 37. Which causative agent is responsible for bronchitis spreading swine flu ? * Nitrogen dioxide Wheezing, Asthma, Lung (a) Parasite (b) Virus Cancer (c) Fungi (d) Bacteria * Lead Neurological Disease RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 31. Ring worm is a type of disease. Ans. (b) : This is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by (a) Bacterial (b) Fungal type A influenza viruses that regularly cause outbreaks of influenza in pigs. Antiviral agents prevent, shorten, (c) Prion (d) Viral and reduce the severity of flu. Antiviral agents used for RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist treatment and prevention of swine flu are Oseltamivir Ans. (b) Ring worm is a fungal disease. and Zanamivir. 32. The triplet viral vaccine, provides immunity 38. Which of the following is not a contagious against which of the following diseases to the disease? infant? (a) Typhoid (b) Measles (a) Whooping cough, tetanus, measles (c) Arthritis (d) Influenza (b) Whooping cough, tetanus, diphtheria RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Tetanus, diphtheria and smallpox Ans. (c) Arthritis is not a contagious disease. Arthritis (d) Tetanus, typhoid, hepatitis is the inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) and stiffness that can worsen with age. 39. Arthritis is a disease that affects …………. 45. Which disease is treated by angioplasty? (a) Joints (b) Kidneys (a) Cancer (b) Cardiac disease (c) Brain (d) Lungs (c) Leprosy (d) Diabetes RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. Ans : (b) Cardiac disease is treated with angioplasty. In 40. Which of the following is non – contagious angioplasty, normal blood flow to the heart is restored disease? by opening the blocked arteries with the help of a (a) Measles (b) Hydrophobia balloon catheter. (c) Typhoid (d) Diabetes 46. A girl eats sweets after driving away those RRB SSE 21.12.2014 flies,sitting on sweets. That is why she become Ans : (d) Diabetes is a disease related to the pancreas. patient of : It is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the blood. (a) Cancer (b) Cholera Hence, diabetes is non-contagious disease while (c) Diphtheria (d) Tuberculosis measles and hydrophobia are viral diseases while RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) typhoid is a bacterial disease. Ans : (b) Cholera is caused by bacteria called Vibrio 41. Which of the following is usually infected with cholerae that is spread by flies living in polluted a rat-flea? places.The dehydration caused by cholera is usually (a) Diphtheria (b) Cholera severe and can cause tiredness, moodiness, sunken eyes, (c) Malaria (d) Plague dry mouth, shriveled skin, extreme thirst, reduced urine RRB SSE 21.12.2014 output, irregular heartbeat and low blood pressure. Ans. (d) The plague is one of the oldest pandemics in the world. It is also known by the names of 'Black 47. The primary host of malaria parasite is: Death Pest', etc. Plague is an infectious disease caused (a) Male Culex (b) Male Anopheles by Yersinia pestis bacteria, usually found in small (c) Female Anopheles (d) Female Culex mammals and their fleas. The disease is transmitted RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) between animals via their fleas and, as it is a zoonotic Ans : (c) The primary host of the malaria parasite is bacterium, it can also transmit from animals to humans. female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is caused by a Humans can be contaminated by the bite of infected parasite called Plasmodium. In this disease, fever occurs fleas, through direct contact with infected materials, or along with cold. The red blood corpuscles are destroyed by inhalation. and decreased in blood . 42. Anthrax is caused by a type of – Treatment- Drugs like quinine, peludrine, (a) Bacteria (b) Fungi chloroquine, primaquine etc. should be taken. (c) Protozoa (d) Virus 48. Which of these diseases is usually transmitted RRB JE CBT-II 29–08–2019 (evening) by mosquitoes? (a) Malaria (b) Arthritis Ans. (a) Anthrax is caused by a spore-forming (c) Jaundice (d) Chicken pox bacterium. It mainly affects animals. Humans can RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) become infected through contact with an infected Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. animal or by inhaling spores. 49. Which of the following is a viral disease? → It is rare but serious bacterial disease. (a) Tetanus (b) Tuberculosis 43. Which of the following is a disease caused by (c) Typhoid (d) AIDS bacteria? RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) (a) Small pox (b) Rabies Ans. (d) AIDS is an abbreviation for Acquired (c) AIDS (d) Anthrax Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is a disease RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist caused by the virus (Human Immuno deficiency virus- ns. (d) : See the explanation of above question. HIV). It is caused by unprotected sexual intercourse, 44. EBOLA is - irregular blood transfusion and excessive drug intake. (a) A viral disease limited in West Africa. The immunity of the patient suffering from AIDS, (b) Name of a tsunami decreases. Tetanus, tuberculosis and typhoid are (c) Anti-terrorist operation conducted in Arab diseases spread by bacteria. country 50. AIDS virus destroys …… in the body. (d) Volcanic eruption in the Africa hills. (a) Immune system RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) (b) Circulatory system Ans : (a) EBOLA is a virus-borne disease that spreads (c) Liver in the human population through human-to-human (b) Red blood corpuscles transmission. Typhoid, cholera, fever and muscle aches RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) are symptoms. It was first detected in West Africa in Ans. (a) AIDS virus destroys Immune system in the 2014. body. 51. ........... is a sexually transmitted killer disease. 57. What are called the pests that transmit diseases (a) Malaria (b) Jaundice in human beings? (c) AIDS (d) Typhoid (a) Vector (b) Carrier RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Hauz (d) Incubator Ans. (c) AIDS is a sexually transmitted killer disease. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 52. Untreated HIV can lead to ________. Ans. (a) Pests that transmit disease in humans are (a) Hepatitis (b) Cancer called vectors. These insects transmit diseases from one (c) Plague (d) AIDS human or one community to another human or community. They can also be called vector of diseases. RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 58. Which of the following is not a food borne Ans. (d) Untreated HIV typically turns into AIDS in disease? about 8 to 10 years. There were an estimated 37.7 (a) Amoebiasis (b) Cholera million people living with HIV at the end of 2020. HIV (c) Influenza (d) Hepatitis A targets the immune system and weakens people's RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) defense against many infections and some types of Ans. (c) Influenza (flu) is a viral infection of the lungs cancer that people with healthy immune system can and airways with one of the influenza viruses. It causes fight off. a fever, runny nose, sore throat, cough, headache, 53. HIV is not likely to be transmitted by which of muscle aches (myalgias), and a general feeling of illness the following ? (malaise). It is an infectious disease, the infection of (a) Breast - feeding which is caused by a virus called ‘influenza’. It is also (b) Blood transfusion called flu. Sometimes, it becomes an epidemic. (c) Sharing needles or injection equipment 59. Diabetes is usually the result of: (d) Mosquito bites (a) Low insulin secretion R.R.B. JE. Stage - II 30-08-2019 (Shift - III) (b) Low thyroxine secretion Ans. (d) : When a mosquito bites a human, only saliva (c) Low estrogen secretion transmission takes place not of blood. Hence, HIV is (d) None of these not transmitted through mosquito bite while other RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) options are appropriate for HIV transmission. Ans. (a) Diabetes is usually caused by low insulin secretion. 54. The disorder of Goiter is caused due to the Diabetes - It is a pancreatic disease, which arises due deficiency of: to low secretion of insulin. Insulin performs two types (a) Potassium (b) Sodium of functions - (c) Iodine (d) Calcium (i) The carbohydrate portion of the food is digested RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist and converted into sugar, which is broken down Ans. (c) Iodine deficiency is the main cause of goiter. by the reaction of insulin and get into fibers. In Iodine is essential to help thyroid produce thyroid the absence of insulin, the sugar goes into the hormones. Without adequate iodine, the thyroid blood. progressively enlarges as it tries to keep up with (ii) Insulin helps to store glycogen in liver and demand for thyroid hormone production. muscles and due to lack of insulin blood sugar 55. Jaundice is related to: level gets increase. This sugar starts coming out (a) Kidney (b) Pancreas through the urine. (c) Liver (d) Duodenum 60. Which disease has symptom of fear of water? RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Polio (b) Measles RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) (c) Rabies (d) Hepatitis Ans. (c) Jaundice is a condition when the level of RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) bilirubin, a yellow-orange bile pigment increases in the Ans. (c) : Hydrophobia (fear of water) is a symptom of blood. It turns the skin, whites of the eyes and mucous rabies disease. membranes to yellow colour. Jaundice has many causes, Hydrophobia or rabies - It is caused by the bite of a including hepatitis, gallstones liver and tumors. mad dog, wolf, fox. Affected organ -central nervous system 56. Excess of uric acid in the blood is a symptom of 61. Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne tropical ……. disease caused by the dengue virus, is called- (a) Arthritis (b) Gout (a) Remittent fever (b) Quotidian fever (c) Rheumatism (d) Heart (c) Breakbone fever (d) Pel Ebstein fever RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) Gout occurs when urate crystals accumulate in Ans. (c) Dengue diseases transmit by mosquitoes called joint, tendons and surrounding tissues causing the Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex fatigans. inflammation and intense pain of a gout attack. Urate Sudden high fever, rashes on face and pain in the eyes crystals can form when high levels of uric acid is and joints occurs in this disease. It spreads suddenly as an present in blood. epidemic. This disease is also called breakbone fever. 62. If someone is suffering from cancer, he should Ans : (c) Hydrophobia or rabies is an infectious disease take consultation to: that infects the central nervous system. Its infection is (a) Osteologist (b) Pathologist caused by the bite of mad dogs, wolves, foxes etc. Its (c) Oncologist (d) Urologist carrier is Rabies virus. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) 68. What disease is caused by a dog bite? Ans : (c) If someone is suffering from cancer, he should (a) Cancer (b) Rabies take consultation to an oncologist. An oncologist is a (c) Scurvy (d) Influenza doctor who treats cancer and provides medical care for a RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) person diagnosed with cancer. Cancer is treated by the Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. use of antibiotics, alkaloids, radiotherapy, laser rays, etc. 69. What causes hydrophobia? 63. Leukemia is a type of human disease which is (a) Rabies virus (b) Acute virus (a) Cancer of white blood cells (c) Varroa virus (d) Bacteria (b) Caused by deficiency of vitamins RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) A cancer in the brain Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. (d) Caused by overdose of proteins 70. Which of the following is a waterborne disease RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II) causing acute gastrointestinal infection? Ans : (a) Leukemia is the cancer of white blood cells. (a) Cholera (b) Rabies Irregular and uncontrolled division of cells is called (c) Pneumonia (d) Leprosy Cancer. This uncontrolled division forms tumors, RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) causing the person to die. Other important types of RRB JE CBT-II 28–08–2019 (evening) cancers are- Carcinoma - Cancer of epithelial cells. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II) Lymphoma - Cancer of lymphocyte. Ans : (a) Cholera is an infectious disease. This disease Sarcoma - Cancer of connective tissue. is transmitted by flies which is caused by a bacterium Lipoma - Cancer of adipose tissue. called Vibrio cholerae. It is a waterborne disease. It 64. Which of the following diseases affects blood transmits to another person through stool, urine and cells in the human body? vomiting of a patient. To prevent cholera, the nearby (a) Leukemia (b) Meningitis drains or dirty watery areas should be free from (c) Polio (d) Chicken pox infection through spraying of bleaching powder. RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) 71. Allergy Screening Blood Test for human beings Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. does not include: (a) RAST (b) ELISA 65. ............... which is often referred to as shock (c) IgE (d) Hemoglobin A1C treatment, in which seizures induced RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II) electrically to patients to provide relief from mental disorders. Ans : (b) The ELISA test is used to detect the presence of (a) EMG electromyography AIDS virus in serum, spit or urine while RAST, IgE and (b) ECG electrocardiogram Hemoglobin A1C are related to allergy screening blood (c) EEG electroencephalography test. (d) ECT electroconvulsive therapy 72. Which of the following herbal medicine is used RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) in treatment of Leucoderma? Ans : (d) Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), also known (a) Lukoskin (b) Lukogen as electroshock therapy, is a psychiatric treatment in (c) Lukopasin (d) Lukotrepine which seizures are induced electrically to patients to RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) provide relief from mental disorders. Ans : (a) Lukoskin is a herbal medicine, used in 66. Cholera is caused by the bacteria called– treatment of Leucoderma. It is a mixture of natural elements. It is developed by DIBER (Haldwani, (a) Salmonella typhi Uttarakhand). (b) Treponema Palladium 73. Leucoderma is a disease of : (c) Clostridum botulinum (a) Throat (b) Skin (d) Vibrio cholerae (c) Liver (d) Eye RRB JE CBT-II 31.08.2019 IInd Shift RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) Ans : (d) Cholera is caused by the bacteria Vibrio Ans. (b) Leucoderma is a type of skin disease. cholerae. 74. Zika virus which damages the brain of foetus 67. Which of the following is an acute viral disease is : of animals that transmits in humans through (a) Mosquito borne the bite of an infected animal? (b) Water borne (a) Haemophilia (b) Cancer (c) Air borne (c) Rabies (d) Mumps (d) Food borne RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (a) Zika virus which damages the brain of foetus 80. ELISA refers to which of the following? is mosquito borne. The Zika virus was first identified in (a) The center where AIDS was detected first. Uganda in 1947. The virus is transmitted by the Aedes (b) A test to detect AIDS. mosquito bite, if a woman is affected by the virus (c) The very first person who died of AIDS. (d) The virus which causes AIDS. during pregnancy, the brain of baby remains RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III) incomplete, which is different from the normal head. Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 75. ZIKA virus which causes neurological birth 81. Which of the following is not a viral disease of disorders is transmitted by: man? (a) Rat bites (b) Mosquito bites (a) Influenza (b) Dengue (c) Snake bites (d) monkey bites (c) AIDS (d) Rinderpest RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. Ans : (d) Influenza, dengue and AIDS are the viral 76. ……….. is not caused by airborne diseases in humans whereas rinderpest is a viral disease transmission: in animals. (a) Tuberculosis (TB) (b) Chicken pox 82. Who among the following has received the (c) Measles (d) Hepatitis-B Nobel Prize for the discovery of transmission of RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II) malaria due to the bite of a particular species of mosquitoes? Ans : (d) Tuberculosis, chickenpox and measles are (a) Ronald Ross (b) Patrick Manson the diseases transmitted through the air, while hepatitis (c) Charles Johnson (d) Charles Laveran B is a disease spread through physical contact with the RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) virus. Ans : (a) In the year 1880, Laveran discovered the 77. Which of the following cause Hepatitis B, a malaria parasite Plasmodium in the blood of a person infectious disease affects liver? suffering from malaria. In 1887, Ronald Ross confirmed (a) Virus (b) Fungi that malaria parasite causes malaria and stated that its (c) Bacteria (d) Protozoa carrier is the mosquito. He was awarded the Nobel Prize RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-III) in 1902 AD for this discoverz. Ans : (a) Hepatitis-B is a viral disease. It affects the 83. HIV is passed from one person to another in all liver. Major viral diseases are rabies, measles herpes, the following ways except: meningitis, trachoma, AIDS, smallpox, dengue fever, (a) Mosquito bite (b) Breast feeding influenza etc. (c) Sharing needles (d) Sexual contact RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II) 78. Which of the following is not generally Ans : (a) HIV is passed from one person to another classified as blood cancer? through breast feeding, sharing needle, unsafe (a) Carcinoma (b) Leukemia intercourse, blood transfusions, etc. HIV virus is not (c) Myeloma (d) Lymphoma transmitted by mosquito bites, living and eating RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I) together. Ans. (a) Carcinoma is not generally classified as blood 84. The excessive amount of calcium oxalate in the cancer. Carcinoma is a malignant tumor that affects the body causes …………. internal organs and epithelial cells of human skin. (a) Bronchitis (b) Diabetes Tumors can develop wherever they are involved in (c) Stones (d) Meningitis tissue structure. The main causes of carcinoma are a RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-I) hormonal imbalance in the human body, hereditary Ans : (c) Excessive amount of calcium oxalate in the deformities, infection with a certain virus and industrial body causes stones. carcinogen. The rest is in the form of blood cancer. Bronchitis - is related to inflammation in the lungs. 79. The ELISA test is used to diagnose acquired Meningitis - related to infection or inflammation of brain and spinal cord. immunodeficiency syndrome caused by .......... Diabetes- Diabetes is related to increase in the blood (a) Zoster virus (b) Dengue virus sugar level. (c) HIV (d) Influenza virus RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) 85. Leprosy is also known as : (a) Angina (b) Hansen's disease Ans. (c) The ELISA test is used to diagnose Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by HIV. (c) Gaucher disease (d) Hodgkin disease It is a chronic, potentially life-threatening disease. It is RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist transmitted through sexual contact, by infected needle Ans : (b) Leprosy is a communicable disease, it is also or blood, from the infected mother to the fetus. HIV called 'Hansen's disease'. It is caused by a bacterium weakens the immune system of patient suffering from called Mycobacterium leprae. This disease affects the AIDS. In 1981, first patient of AIDS was found in skin, nerves, fingers and paws. Leprosy is curable with California (USA). Other tests for detecting HIV are multidrug therapy. MDT drugs are used for the Oramore and DIPSTICK. treatment of leprosy. 86. Anaemic situation is due to: Ans : (c) Bats and monkeys are natural vectors of Ebola (a) Deficiency of platelets fever pathogen. Ebola fever is a very deadly and (b) Deficiency of RBC contagious viral disease due to which the patient has (c) Deficiency of WBC extreme fever and vomiting of blood. (d) Deficiency of oxidants 92. What vectors Anopheles mosquitoes carry? RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (choose the correct option) Ans : (b) Anaemia means deficiency of blood . This is 1. Malaria 2. Filaria 3. Dengue due to the decrease in the number of haemoglobin (a) 1 only (b) 2 only particles found in the red blood corpuscles (RBC). (c) 1 and 2 (d) 1 and 3 Symptoms of blood deficiency also occur due to RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist unwanted changes in the haemoglobin molecule. Ans : (a) Malaria is a disease caused by the 87. Yellow fever is mainly transmitted among Plasmodium parasite. Female Anopheles are mosquito humans by: that carry vectors of malaria. The spleen and RBC are (a) Female mosquito bite affected by this disease . Filariasis is a rare infectious (b) Male mosquito bites tropical disorder caused by the round worm parasites (c) Water Wuchereria bancrofti. This worm is transmitted by the (d) Air bite of Culex mosquito. Dengue is a tropical infectious RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist disease caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti. Ans : (a) Yellow fever is a contagious and acute 93. Goitre is a disease caused by : disease that starts suddenly. The cause of yellow fever (a) Defective growth hormone is a micro virus transmitted by the mosquito of the (b) Deficiency of Iodine female Aedes species. (c) Overeating 88. The insects that transmit diseases are called.... (d) Excessive secretion of thyroxine (a) Transmitter (b) Vector RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-II) (c) Transporter (d) Lift Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 94. When is World AIDS Day celebrated every Ans : (b) The insects that transmit disease are called year? vectors. Some of them are harmful and some are (a) 1 December (b) 1 January beneficial. (c) 14 February (d) 8 March 89. ............. is a bacterial disease. RRB NTPC 09.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Myocardial infarction (b) Syphilis Ans : (a) World AIDS Day is observed every year on 1 (c) Polio (d) Ringworm December to spread awareness about it. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 95. Cancer tissues are examined by …………. (a) Biopsy (b) Bioscopy Ans : (b) Syphilis is caused by the bacterium (c) Cholestology (d) Radiography Treponema pallidum. The penis is affected by syphilis. RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Polio is a disease caused by enterovirus belonging to Ans : (a) Cancer tissue is examined by biopsy. the Picornaviridae family. Ringworm is caused by fungi Radiography is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to of three different type: Trichophyton, Microsporum, and visualize the internal structure of an object. Bioscopy Epidermophyton. Ringworm of the body often appears determines whether the cells of the body are alive or not. as patches with the characteristic round ring shape. 96. The cause of Hepatitis A is a: 90. Hemophilia is an example of: (a) Bacteria (b) Mosquito bite (a) Disease due to deficiency (c) Protozoa (d) Virus (b) Genetic disease RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Contagious diseases Ans.(d) Hepatitis A is an inflammation of the liver (d) Occupational diseases caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). The virus is RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist primarily spread when an uninfected person ingests Ans : (b) Hemophilia is a genetic disorder in which a food or water that is contaminated with the faeces of an person's blood is not able to clot blood after an injury. infected person. This disease is caused by a deficiency of a certain 97. What causes Measles? clotting factor called thromboplastin in the blood. (a) Bacteria (b) Virus Thromboplastin has the ability to quickly clot blood (c) Fungus (d) Rat after an injury or wound.The person with hemophilia RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist lacks thromboplastin, so the blood can't make a clot. Ans : (b) Measles is a viral disease. The measles virus is 91. Bats are natural vectors of following a single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus pathogens: and the family Paramyxoviridae. In this disease, the (a) Dengue (b) Filaria entire body is affected. It especially affects children (c) Ebola fever (d) Chikungunya more. Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, red RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist eyes and a generalized maculopapular erythematous rash. 98. Mouth and foot diseases in cattle are caused 105. Which one is not the cause of kidney stone due to: formation? (a) Fungi (b) Penicillium (a) Drinking more water. (c) Virus (d) Bacteria (b) Diabetes mellitus. RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Taking nuts rich in oxalate. Ans. (c) Mouth and foot diseases in cattle are caused (d) Eating lot of stone forming foods. due to virus. RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 99. Western blot is the diagnostic test for … Ans : (a) Drinking more water does not cause stone (a) Plague (b) Leprosy formation while diabetes mellitus, consuming nuts rich (c) H.I.V. (d) Typhoid in oxalate and eating lot of stone forming foods are the RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist main reasons for kidney stone formation. Ans : (c) ELISA and Western blot are diagnostic test 106. Sleep apnea is related to .......... while sleeping. for H.I.V. testing. Biopsy is the diagnostic test for (a) Walking (b) Talking leprosy. FIRDT is a test that detects the Yersinia pestis (c) Snoring (d) Smiling which causes plague. RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 100. Which vaccine is primarily used against Ans : (c) Sleep apnea is a disease related to snoring tuberculosis? while sleeping. Sleep apnea is serious sleep disorder in (a) BCG (b) DPT which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. Symptoms (c) HiB (d) Varicella may include insomnia, fatigue, headache or weight RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist gain. Ans : (a) Tuberculosis is commonly referred as TB. 107. Which of the following pollutants in water Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by a causes 'Minamata' disease? bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is (a) Salmonella (b) Methyl Mercury spread from person to person through the air. TB (c) Lead (b) Perchlorate usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd parts of the body, such as the brain, kidneys, or spine. It is transmitted by spitting or kissing. B.C.G. (Bacillus Ans : (b) Minamata disease is caused by the poisoning Calmette Guerin) vaccine is vaccinated in children for of mercury. Minamata disorder caused by methyl prevention of TB. mercury poisoning that was described by the inhabitants 101. B.C.G. vaccine is normally used to prevent: of Minamata Bay, Japan. (a) Rabies (b) Leukemia 108. Osteoporosis is related to which disease? (c) Tuberculosis (d) Cancer (a) bone (b) heart RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) kidney (d) lungs Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist 102. Tuberculosis is a disease of the. Ans : (a) Osteoporosis is a disease related to bone. (a) Lungs (b) Liver Osteoporosis is a disease in which bone weakening (c) Heart (d) Pancreas increases the risk of a broken bone. It is the most RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 109. 'Pneumonia' is caused by inflammation 103. Which of the following presence in high level of……….. . causes diabetes? (a) Liver (b) Lung (a) Fructose (b) Sucrose (c) Heart (d) Brain (c) Glucose (d) Saccharides RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (b) 'Pneumonia' is caused by inflammation of Ans : (c) Diabetes occurs due to high levels of glucose lungs. With pneumonia the air secs may fill with fluid in the human body. Diabetes is a chronic condition or pus. associated with abnormally high levels of sugar 110. When the human body temperature drops by (glucose) in the blood. Insulin produced by the pancreas 2– 3.5° F below normal body temperature, this lowers blood glucose. Absence or insufficient condition is considered to be as: production of insulin, or an inability of the body to (a) Fever (b) Hypothermia properly use insulin causes diabetes. (c) Hyperthermia (b) Hyperpyrexia 104. The disease cirrhosis affects which organ in the body? RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Brain (b) Liver Ans : (b) Hypothermia is a condition in the body in (c) Heart (d) Kidney which the temperature decreases below normal. In this RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist condition, the body temperature decreases below 35 ° C Ans : (b) In cirrhosis, liver cells are extensively (95 ° F). Many times, the body temperature is affected destroyed and fibrous fibres are formed at their place. due to this disease. In such a situation, the temperature At the same time, the structure of the liver also becomes of the body can deteriorate in any environment. This is abnormal, which can lead to a condition of high blood called secondary hypothermia.. Children, Older people, pressure. infants etc. are threatened more by hypothermia. 111. When human body temperature decreases by Ans : (d) Chicken pox, rubella and flu are virus-borne about 5.4-8°F above normal body temperature, diseases, while meningitis is inflammation of the this condition is known as ………. protective membranes covering the brain and spinal (a) Viral (b) Hypothermia cord which is collectively called meningitis. This (c) Pyretic (d) Hyperpyrexia inflammation can be caused by infection with viruses, RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist bacteria and other microorganisms. Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. 117. Chemotherapy method is used for treatment 112. Which of the following is not generally the of- cause of cancer? (a) Heart disease (b) Kidney failure (a) Environmental factor (b) Mutation (c) Cancer (d) Hepatitis C (c) Genetic modification (d) Transmission RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (c) Cancer is the irregular and uncontrolled division of cells. This uncontrolled division forms Ans : (d) Our body is made up of many types of cells. tumours, causing the person to die. Cancer is studied The abnormal growth of cells is called ‘Cancer’ in which cells usually lose control. According to the World Health under the oncology, branch of science. The Organization, the following common factors responsible chemotherapy method is adopted for its diagnosis. for Cancer are: Major types of cancer 1. Genetic (i) Leukemia - Cancer of blood cells (ii) Carcinoma - Cancer of epithelial cells 2. Environmental factors (iii) Lymphoma - Cancer of lymphocyte 3. Related to age (iv) Sarcoma - Cancer of connective tissue 4. Poor dietary intake (v) Lipoma - Cancer of adipose tissue 5. Infection 118. Which virus is main cause of Chicken pox? 6. Low immunity (a) West Nile (b) Varicella 7. Medications and Medical Treatment (c) Herpes simplex (d) Rhinovirus 8. Inflammatory disorders RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Hence, transmission is not a cause of cancer. Ans : (b) Chickenpox is a viral infectious disease. It is 113. Thrombosis is a disease of the: caused by Varicella virus. Chickenpox is a contagious (a) Nerve bursting (b) Blood illness that causes high fever, pain, burning sensation, (c) Thyroid glands (b) Lungs restlessness , an itchy rash and red spots or blisters RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-III) (pox) all over the body. It is transmitted directly by air, Ans. (b) Thrombosis is a disease of blood. The blood by sneezing or by coughing. vessels get burst due to sudden blood clotting in 119. The O-T-C drug Crocin is an : thrombosis. (a) Analgesic 114. Zika virus is transmitted in humans by: (b) Antipyretic (a) Rat (b) Mosquito (c) Analgesic and antipyretic (c) Prawn (d) Rabbit (b) Antiseptic RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (b) Zika virus is transmitted to people primarily Ans : (c) O-T-C drug Crocin is an analgesic and through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito antipyretic. Analgesic reduce headache, muscle pain, (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus). These are the same arthritis or other aches and pains. O-T-C medicine is mosquitoes that spread dengue and chikungunya good for many types of pain. viruses. A pregnant woman already infected with Zika 120. What is Melioidosis? virus can pass the virus to her fetus during the (a) Red rashes on skin (b) Memory loss pregnancy or around the time of birth. Zika is a cause of (c) Infectious disease (d) Chronic joint pain microcephaly, blindness, hepatic diseases and other RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist severe fetal brain defects. Ans : (c) Melioidosis, also called Whitmore's disease, is 115. What does 'P' refer to in the DPT vaccine? (a) Psoriasis (b) Pertussis an infectious disease that can infect humans or animals. (c) Pancoelitis (d) Parkinson The disease is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist pseudomallei. Infectious diseases are those diseases that Ans : (b) In the DPT vaccine, 'P' refers to pertussis. are caused by some pathogenic microbes such as DPT is a combination class of diphtheria, pertussis protozoa, fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc. Infectious (whooping cough) and tetanus vaccines that protect diseases have the ability to transmit from one body to against infectious diseases occurring in humans. another. Malaria, typhoid, smallpox, influenza, etc. are 116. Find the odd one out: Chicken pox, Rubella, examples of infectious diseases. flu, Meningitis 121. Which ailment is not related to heart? (a) Chicken pox (b) Rubella (a) Aneurysm (b) Cardiomyopathy (c) Flu (d) Meningitis (c) Diphtheria (d) Myocardial rupture RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (c) Diphtheria is a disease related to the throat, Ans : (b) World’s first fast-acting anti-rabies drug not to the heart. It is contagious disease. Diphtheria Rabies Human Monoclonal Antibody (RMAb) is a bacteria usually spread from person to person through human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that instantly respiratory droplets, like from coughing or sneezing. deactivates rabies virus by specifically binding to a DPT vaccine should be vaccinated and should have conformational epitope of G glycoprotein of the virus. proper sanitation for prevention of Diphtheria. Rabies disease is caused by dog bites. 122. What is the most common treatment for 127. ........ cannot be treated with eyeglasses - bacterial infections in humans? (a) Presbyopia (b) Hyperopia (a) Aspirin (b) Antibodies (c) Cataract (d) Myopia (c) Antibiotics (d) Antigen RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (c) Cataract cannot be cured with eyeglasses. Ans : (c) The most common treatment for bacterial Cataract is a common eye disease. It is found in a infection in humans is antibiotics, which inhibit person above the age of 55 to 60 years. Surgery is the bacterial growth. only treatment of cataract. A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens of eye . 123. Which is the latest antibiotic, recently discovered using a new method of bacterial 128. The full form of HIV is - culture in soil, which is expected to help fight (a) Human immunodeficiency victoria multi drug –resistant pathogens? (b) Humanity immunodeficiency virus (a) Teixobactin (b) Dalvansin (c) Human immunodeficiency virtual (c) Siphepime (d) Daptomycin (d) Human immunodeficiency virus RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (d) The full form of HIV is human immuno Ans : (a) The latest antibiotic, recently discovered using deficiency virus. It is a retro virus. This virus is a carrier a new method of soil bacteria culture, is Teixobactin of AIDS disease in humans, fails the immune system of which is expected to help fight multi drug resistant humans. pathogens. 129. What is the full form of HIV? 124. Find the similarity in the following: (a) Human immunodeficiency virus Common cold, Ringworm, Conjunctivitis, (b) Human III virus Whooping cough : (c) Human immune virus (a) These are all non-communicable diseases. (d) Human infusion Virus (b) They do not respond to curative treatment. RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III) (c) These are all contagious. (d) No preventive measures are available for all Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. of them. 130. Which of these people developed the polio RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist vaccine? Ans : (c) Common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis and (a) Alfred Nobel (b) Jonas Edward Salk Whooping cough all are the contagious (communicable) (c) Marie Curie (d) Louis Pasteur diseases. Common cold spread by rhinovirus, ringworm RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II) by fungi, conjunctivitis (eye infection) by bacteria, Ans : (b) Polio drop was discovered by Albert Sabin. virus, dust, soil and cosmetics and the whooping cough Two years later, the Polio vaccine was discovered by is caused by a bacterium called Bacillus pertussis. American research fellow and virologist 'Jonas Edward 125. Usually, colour blindness is Salk'. First successful trial of polio vaccine was done in (a) A genetic disposition 1955. (b) A non-genetic condition 131. Which of the following human diseases is (c) Lifestyle disease caused by bacteria? (d) Caused by exposure to light (a) Typhoid (b) Hepatitis A RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (c) Polio (d) Measles Ans : (a) Colour blindness is a disease of the eyes; it is RRB NTPC 29.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist type of genetic disposition in which human cannot perceive one or more colours. Ans. (a) Typhoid fever is a life-threatening illness 126. RMAb medicine — the world's first fast-acting caused by bacterium Salmonella typhi. While hepatitis drug in its category — is set to be launched in A, polio and measles are caused by viruses. Measles is India soon,which disease does treat through characterized by fever and upper respiratory tract this medicine? symptoms like cough and cold (Coryza). (a) Anti-malarial drug 132. Which of the following worms is the cause of (b) Anti-rabies drug filariasis? (c) Anti-dengue drug (a) Tape worms (b) Round worms (d) Anti-diabetic medicine (c) Filarial worms (d) Hook worms RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (c) Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi are Ans : (a) Haemophilia is a genetic disease. In a normal filarial worms that cause acute inflammation of person, on an average, a blood clot is formed in an lymphatic vessels (lymphangitis). This disease is known average of 2 to 7 minutes after injury, which stops as filariasis. When the vector female mosquito (Culex) bleeding. In patients with haemophilia, the clot does not bites a healthy person, the pathogens are transmitted to form for a long time (1/2 hour to 24 hours) and blood that person's body.The larval form of the parasite keeps flowing evenly. That is why it is also called transmits the disease to humans by the bite of a bleeding disease. This disease is usually found in men mosquito. only. Its heredity works similarly as color blindness. 133. ––––– is not a sexually transmitted disease. 137. Which of the following worms causes filariasis? (a) Gonorrhea (b) Syphilis (a) Round worm (b) Filarial worm (c) Candidiasis (d) Wart (c) Needle worm (d) Earthworm RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (c) : Diseases or infections which are transmitted Ans. (b) Filariasis is commonly known as through sexual intercourse with infected persons are elephantiasis, is caused by the filarial worm Wuchereria collectively called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). bancrofti or Brugia malayi and is transmitted by HIV leading AIDS, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, mosquito species Culex respectively. Arms, skin, Chlamydiasis, Genital herpes, Genital warts, Hepatitis- lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, vulva, breasts and B, Trichomoniasis, Enterobiasis, Scabies, etc are types scrotum are also swell due to filaria. of sexually transmitted diseases but Candidiasis is 138. Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is fungal infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus) …….. . called Candida. (a) between 8-9 (b) between 5- 6.5 134. The reason for the origin of organisms (c) less than 5.5 (d) between 6.5-7.8 responsible for Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar): RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Oblique binary fission Ans. (c) : Tooth decay starts when the pH value of the (b) Multiple fission mouth is less than 5.5. The enamel of teeth is made of (c) Transverse binary fission calcium phosphate, which is the hardest substance in the (d) Linear binary fission human body. It does not dissolve in water, but gets RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III) eroded when the pH value of the mouth is less than 5.5. Ans. (a) Black fever (Kala-azar) is considered the most 139. Goiter is caused by deficiency of –––––––––. severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a vector (a) Sodium (b) Calcium borne disease that is transmitted by sand flies and (c) Iron (d) Iodine caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II) Leishmania donovani, originated by oblique binary Ans. (d) : Goiter disease is caused by deficiency of fission. Leishmania infects immune system. iodine in the body. Iodine deficiency in the human body 135. Which pathogen causes ' bakanae' (foolish causes swelling of the thyroid gland, found in the throat. seedling) disease in rice seedlings? Goitre disease often occurs in people in areas where (a) Gibberella Fujikuroi there is a deficiency of iodine in the water. (b) Curvularia lunata 140. Which disease is caused due to iodine (c) Drechslera gigantea deficiency? (d) Rhizoctonia oryzae (a) Night blindness (d) Goiter RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Dandruff (d) Rickets RRB NTPC 09.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans. (a) Bakanae (Foolish seedling) disease of rice seedling is caused by a fungal pathogen Gibberella Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question. Fujikuroi. The appearance of symptoms of the disease 141. Which of the following is a malaria parasite? in rice seedling was reported when they were treated (a) Salmonella (b) Mycobacterium with sterile filtrate of the fungus. The active substance (c) Plasmodium (d) E. coli was later identified as gibberellic acid. RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 136. What is Haemophilia ? Ans. (c) Malaria infection begins when an infected (a) It is a disease caused by the absence of genes female Anopheles mosquito bites a person, injecting responsible for the factors that cause blood Plasmodium parasites in the form of sporozoites into the clotting. bloodstream. Fever with chills is the main symptom of (b) It is a disease in which excess haemoglobin is this disease. Spleen and RBC are affected organs in this produced. (c) It is a disease in which white blood cells disease. become cancerous and eliminate RBCs in the 142. Which of the following is an example of non- blood. infectious disease? (d) It is a disease that occurs due to deficiency of (a) Typhoid (b) Pneumonia vitamin K. (c) High Blood Pressure (d) Influenza RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 08.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Non-communicable (infectious) disease are Ans. (a) Quinine is the drug obtained from the bark of caused by a variety of reasons such as - genetics, Cinchona tree primarily used for the treatment of nutritional deficiency, age and sex of the individual and malaria that is a disease caused by parasitic protozoa so on. Examples include High Blood Pressure, Diabetes, Plasmodium. Hypertension, Cancer etc. whereas Typhoid, Pneumonia 148. Which of the following types of medicines are and Influenza are communicable diseases used for treating indigestion? 143. Patients suffering from which of these diseases (a) Analgesic (b) Antiseptic can donate eyes? (c) Antacid (d) Antibiotic (a) Diabetes (b) Rabies RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II) (c) Cholera (d) Tetanus Ans. (c) Antacid medicines are used for treating indigestion. RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 149. Which of the following diseases is caused by Ans. (a) Patients with diabetes, hypertension, asthma bacteria? and those without communicable diseases can also (a) Measles (b) Mumps donate eyes. People who are infected with or died from (c) Chicken pox (d) Diphtheria AIDS, hepatitis B or C, rabies, tetanus, cholera, leukemia and such diseases cannot donate eyes. RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (d) Diphtheria is a serious infection caused by 144. For which disease/disorder tranquilizer is strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae, normally administered? which make toxin (poison). It can lead to difficulty (a) Diarrhoea (b) Anxiety breathing, heart failure paralysis and even death. (c) Diabetes (d) Cancer 150. Which organisms cause infectious diseases? RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Protozoa (b) Worm Ans. (b) Tranquilizers administered in patients for (c) Virus (d) All of these anxiety disorders to reduce anxiety. Tranquilizers are RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) medicinal drug that help in reducing stress and anxiety. Ans. (d) Virus , worm and protozoa- all of these This can even act as a medicine for mild mental illness. cause infectious diseases. Luminal, Haldol and Ativan are the example of 151. Which of the following is the cause of tranquillizers. ringworm? 145. The hydrotherapy treatment centre (water (a) Virus (b) Fungus clinic) for elephants suffering from arthritis, (c) Liverwort (d) Bacteria joint pain and foot ailments is situated at: RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Cochin (b) Mathura Ans. (b) The cause of ringworm is fungus. (c) Dehradun (d) Raipur 152. What are antibiotics? RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Special medicines used during surgical operations. Ans. (b) The hydrotherapy treatment centre (Water (b) Anaesthetic substances Clinic) for elephants suffering from arthritis, joint pain (c) Drugs prepared from mould and mould like and foot ailments is situated in Mathura. It was organisms established by the co-operation of UP forest Department (d) Sleeping pills and SOS NGO. It is India's "First Elephant Hospital". RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II) 146. Medicines that stop the growth of disease Ans. (c) Antibiotics are drugs prepared from mould causing microorganisms are called- and mould like organisms. (a) Antibodies (b) Anaesthetics 153. Poliomyelitis is caused by ……………. (c) Analgesic (d) Antibiotics (a) Virus (b) Bacteria RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Fungi (d) Worms Ans. (d) The medicines kill or stop the growth of the RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) disease-causing microorganisms such medicines are Ans. (a) Poliomyelitis is caused by the virus. called antibiotics. These days a number of antibiotics 154. The white liquid that oozes out of wounds is are being produced from bacteria and fungi. called? Streptomycin, Tetracycline and Erythromycin are some (a) Plasma (b) Saliva of the commonly known antibiotics which are made (c) Pus (d) Paste from fungi and bacteria. The antibiotics are RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) manufactured by growing specific microorganisms and Ans. (c) The white liquid that oozes out of wounds is are used to cure a variety of diseases. called pus. 147. Malaria can be cured with drug obtained from 155. Which of the following gets affected due to ........ tree. rickets? (a) Cinchona (b) Belladonna (a) Muscular system (b) Nervous system (c) Amaltas (d) Oak (c) Skeletal system (d) Eyes RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-II) Ans. (c) Rickets affects the skeletal system of human. 156. Which of the following diseases is caused by Ans : (b) All bacteria, can inhabit the most inhabitable protein deficiency? habitats like hot springs, deep sea, thermal vents and ice (a) Kwashiorkor (b) Rickets in Antarctica. They occur in maximum number of (c) Berry-Berry (d) Scurvy microorganisms and are found in almost all places. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) Archaebacterial cell walls are composed of different Ans : (a) Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by protein pseudopeptidoglycan, glycoproteins, polysaccharides deficiency. Kwashiorkor is a condition resulting from and proteins, with no peptidoglycan. This unique inadequate protein intake. It is most often encountered feature is responsible to keep them alive in adverse in children of overpopulated developing or conditions. underdeveloped countries, where their diet consist 5. Which of the following is nitrogen fixing mostly of grains and starchy vegetables, with low to bacteria? minimal amounts of protein included in their diet. (a) Salmonella (b) Rhizobium Muscles become loosen; hands and legs become thin & (c) E.coli (d) Pseudomonas mental and physical development stopped. RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (b) Rhizobium is a nitrogen fixing bacteria. It is mainly found in the roots of pulses. Rhizobium culture 12. Plant Kingdom is used for treatment of soil and seed. Rhizobium culture benefits gram, lentil, black gram beans, green (i) Bacteria gram beans, pigeon pea, groundnut, soybean, linseed, beans and all other pulses crops. 1. When two different bacterial cells fuse during 6. Which bacterium is used to turn milk to curd? sexual reproduction, they produces…………. . (a) Streptomyces (b) Vibrio (a) Spore (b) Bud (c) Lactobacillus (d) Spirilla (c) Fruit (d) Zygote RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (c) Lactobacillus bacteria are used to turn milk to Ans : (d) The two gametes cells, fuse to form cells curd. Yogurt is a milk product made by bacterial through sexual reproduction, are called zygotes. In fermentation of milk. It is rich in protein, calcium, multicellular beings, zygote is the prototype of the riboflavin, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12. embryo. In unicellular beings, the gamete divides itself to 7. The first photosynthetic oxygen liberating produce new offspring, which is usually completed by organisms appear on earth were- the process of meiosis. (a) Cyanobacteria (b) Bryophytes 2. A bacterium is capable of withstand extreme (c) Green algae (d) Bacteria heat, dryness and toxic chemicals. This RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II) indicates that it is possibly able to form……… . Ans : (a) Cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae, (a) Endotoxins were among the earliest organisms on Earth. These (b) A thick peptidoglycan wall primitive bacteria produce oxygen during (c) Endospores photosynthesis as they fix CO2 dissolved in the water (d) Endogenous buds and they are the first oxygen liberating photosynthetic RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) organism present on earth. It is believed that BGA is Ans : (c) A bacterium is capable of withstand extreme resposible for origin of the oxygen-rich atmosphere on heat, ultraviolet and gamma radiation, dryness and toxic earth. chemicals. This indicates that it is possibly able to form 8. Amoebiasis causes: endospores. An endospore is a dormant, tough, non- (a) Severe cold (b) Dysentery reproductive structure produced by a small number of (c) Headache and cold (d) Fever bacteria from the Firmicute family. RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-II) 3. The process of making yogurt from milk is Ans. (b) Amoebiasis causes dysentery. Amoebiasis is a done by: parasitic infection of the colon with the amoeba (a) Vius (b) Insect Entamoeba histolytica. Symptoms may include fatigue, (c) Fungi (d) Bacteria diarrhoea, weight loss, fever etc. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 9. Bacilli are bacteria which are ………. Ans. (d) : The process of making yogurt from milk is (a) Rod shaped (b) Comma-shaped done by bacteria. Bacteria produce lactic acid by (c) Spherical (d) Spiral fermentation process which converts milk into curd. RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) Yogurt contains protein, calcium, riboflavin and Ans. (a) Bacilli are bacteria which are rod shaped. vitamins. 10. If a bacterium has a tuft of flagella at one end, 4. Who of the following can inhabit the most what is it called? inhabitable habitats like hot springs, deep sea, (a) Peritrichous (b) Monotrichous thermal vents and ice in Antarctica? (c) Amphitrichous (d) Bacitrichous (a) Virus (b) Bacteria RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Amoeba (d) Euglena Ans. (b) If a bacterium has a tuft of flagella at one end, RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III) it is called monotrichous. 11. Escherichia coli occurs in: Ans. (d) Names of the diseases caused by fungus in (a) Intestine of man (b) Water plants are as follow: (c) Milk (d) Soil Diseases in Plants Pathogen (Fungus) RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) Black worm disease of Puccinia graminis Ans. (a) Escherichia coli occurs in the intestine of man. wheat (Black Rust) triticale Symptoms of E. Coli may be severe stomach cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea. Red Rot Disease of Colletotrichum 12. Respiratory sites in bacteria are: Sugarcane falcatum (a) Episome (b) Microsome Peanut tikka disease Cercospora (c) Mesosome (d) ribosome arachidicola and RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) cercospora Ans : (c) The respiratory sites are mesosmes in personatum bacteria. Extrachromosomal plasmid is known as Green ear disease of Sclerospora episome in bacteria. Bacteria are heterotropic, millet graminicola prokaryotic and non chlorophyllous cells i.e 17. Which of the following is not the fungal disease omnipresent microbes. They are usually unicellular. of the plant? Ernberg coined them the bacterium in the year 1828. Its (a) Rust of wheat cell wall is made up of poly saccharide lipids and (b) Citrus canker proteins. 70 S type of ribosomes are found in cytoplasm (c) Red rot of sugarcane but lack mitochondria, lobes and endoplasmic (d) Damping off seedling reticulum. RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (ii) Fungi Ans. (b) Citrus canker is caused by a bacterium called the Xanthomonas axonopodis in plants. It affects the 13. Which of the following reproduces by budding ? vitality of citrus trees, causing premature shedding of (a) Amoeba (b) Paramoecium leaves and fruits. (c) Yeast (d) Plasmodium 18. In some multicellular organisms, such as RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) Rhizopus, mushrooms, and some bacteria, Ans. (c) : Budding is a type of asexual reproduction(in Aspergillus, etc., reproduction takes place Yeast and Hydra) in which a new organism develops through: from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one (a) Regeneration (b) Spore particular site. In budding, the parent organisms have a (c) Fertilization (d) Fission protruding structure called bud.These buds develop into RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II) tiny individuals and, when fully mature, detach from the Ans : (b) In some multicellular organisms such as parent body and become new independent individuals. Rhizopus, mushrooms and some bacteria, Aspergillus, 14. In which of the following types of reproduction, etc., reproduction occurs through spores. Spores are adult microorganisms separate from parent produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants. The body and become a new individual? parent organism produces several hundred microscopic (a) Fission (b) Multiple fission spores that produce new plants under spore formation. (c) Regeneration (d) Budding 19. Which among the following is a saprophytic RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II) fungus? RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Algae (b) Tapeworm RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Cuscuta (d) Penicillium Ans. (d) : See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 15. Penicillium is a/an _______ Ans.(d) Penicillium is a saprophytic fungus. The fungi (a) Virus (b) Fungi that derive their food from the dead matter, are known (c) Bacteria (d) Algae as the saprophytic fungi. Penicillium belongs to the RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist class Ascomycetes of the fungi. It produces a Penicillin Ans. (b) Penicillin, derived from the Penicillium fungi molecule, that is used in making antibiotics. Cuscuta is became the first mass-produced antibiotic in the 1940s. a parasitic plant. Algae and Fungi belong to Thallophyta There are more than 300 species of Penicillium fungi- and their symbiotic relationship is known as Lichen. organism found in everything from soil to cheese. Tape worm belongs to Platyhelminthes 16. The fungus Puccinia graminis causes: 20. Yeast used in making bread: (a) Red rot of sugarcane (a) acts as a catalyst for fermentation. (b) Ringworm in human (b) does not help in the process of fermentation. (c) Late blight of potato (c) makes it tasty. (d) Black rust in wheat (d) acts as a preservative. RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (a) Yeast is a unicellular saprophytic fungus. 27. Fungi, depend exclusively on insects for their Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) was the first to food are known as see yeast cells. It is used to make acid, alcohol and (a) Saprotrophs (b) Parasitoid bread by the process of fermentation . Fermentation is a (c) Worms (d) Entomopathogenic biochemical reaction in which complex organic RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) compounds are decomposed into simple organic Ans. (d) Fungi, depend exclusively on insects for their compounds with the help of micro-organisms. food are called entomopathogenic. Entomopatho- Microbes(yeast) act as catalysts in fermentation. genic fungi are microorganisms that specifically infect C6 H12 O6 Zymase Enzyme → 2C 2 H 5 OH + 2CO 2 and often kill insects and other arthropods Yeast 28. Which of the following regenerates through (Carbohydrates) (Ethyl Alcohol) budding? 21. Which one of these is a saprotroph? (a) Amoeba and Yeast (b) Yeast and Hydra (a) Pigeon (b) Mushroom (c) Planaria and Yeast (d) Planaria and Hydra (c) Man (d) Algae RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I) RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) Ans: (b) Yeast and Hydra regenerates through budding. Ans : (b) Mushroom is a type of fungus. It is a 29. Unequal daughter cells are produced in …. . saprotroph which cannot synthesize its own food due to (a) Sporulation (b) Fission lack of chlorophyll. Its body is like thallus, mushroom (c) Budding (d) Fragmentation cannot be differentiated into root, stem and leaf. Algae RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III) are placed under division Thallophyta. They are Ans. (c) : Unequal daughter cells are produced in chlorophyll-bearing thalloid. budding. In budding, a new organism develops from an 22. The fungal cell wall is made of - outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular (a) Hemi-cellulose (b) Cellulose site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and, (c) Chitin (d) Lignin when fully mature, detach from the parent body and RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III) become new independent individuals, such as Hydra, Ans : (c) The body of the fungus lacks root, stem and Yeast etc. leaf. They lack chlorophyll and are heterotrophic. They are 30. Which of the following organisms are also also saprotrophs, parasites or symbionts. The cell wall of known as 'bread mould'? fungi is made of chitin, fungus cellulose or callose wall. (a) Rhizopus (b) Amoeba 23. The fungal cell wall is made up of tough (c) Plasmodium (d) Yeast complex sugars, that is called ... ... . RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Chitin (b) Lignin Ans : (a) Rhizopus and Mucor are fungi in which food is (c) Pectin (d) Cellulose digested before ingestion. They are found in various types of RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III) organic matter like fruits, vegetables, jelly, bread, peanuts, Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. tobacco etc. They are also known as bread moulds. 24. Mushroom is a/an ………. 31. What is saprotrophic nutrition? (a) Slime mould (b) Fungus (a) Organism depends on insects for nutrition (c) Animal (d) Plant (b) Organism depends on other animals and RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) shares nutrition Ans. (b) Mushroom is a fungus. (c) Organism depends on plants for nutrition 25. .......... is a multicellular organism- (d) Organism takes from nutrition dead and (a) Agaricus (b) Cyanobacteria decaying matter (c) Mycoplasma (d) Paramoecium RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I) RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (a) Agaricus is a multicellular edible fungus. Ans.(d): The source of nutrition by which non-green Cyanobacteria, Mycoplasma, are unicellular prokaryotic plants absorb nutrients from dead and decomposing organisms. Paramecium is a unicellular eukaryote. matter is called saprophytic or saprotrophic nutrition. 26. Which of the following reproduce through Saprotrophs are organisms or plants that obtain their spore formation? food from decaying matter and dead organic matter and (a) Rhizopus (b) Bryophyllum plants, under this category mushrooms are included. (c) Planaria (d) Hydra RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III) (iii) Algae RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (a) Rhizopus reproduce through spore formation. 32. In which of the following plants is the body Like the class fungus, members of this class are NOT differentiated into roots, stems and achlorophyllous. They have thalloid like body structure, leaves? that is, there is no differentiation in their body tissues. In (a) Deodar (b) Fern Hydra and Planaria, reproduction occurs through asexual (c) Chara (d) Marsilea reproduction. RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Plants whose body is not differentiated into Ans : (b) Lichen belongs to the plant division distinct roots, stems, leaves are called thallophytes Thallophyta. Lichen is a group of low grade vegetation, and plants with distinct roots, stems and leaves are which are found grown on different types of grounds. called Cormophytes, for example - Algae. Chara is a They are also called as indicators of air pollution. A genus of charophyte green algae in the family lichen is a symbiosis among different organisms like Characeae and it is a thallophytic organism. fungus and algae. They do not have a well differentiated body design. 33. Which one of the following plants is not classified in Thallophyta division? 38. Plants that do not have a well-differentiated (a) Chara (b) Riccia body design, fall in the ………… group. (c) Ulva (d) Spirogyra (a) Bryophyta (b) Gymnosperms RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Pteridophyta (d) Thallophyta Ans : (b) Thallophyta– Plant body is thallus-like i.e., RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II) not differentiated into stem, leaves and roots.These Ans : (d) See the explanation of above question. include lichens, algae, fungus, bacteria and slime 39. Algae belongs to which of the following moulds and bryophytes. Chara, Ulva, Spirogyra, all groups? three are algae. Riccia is example of bryophytes. (a) Pteridophyta (b) Thallophyta 34. The characteristic colour of marine Algae (c) Angiosperm (d) Bryophyta depends on the pigments located in the plastids. RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II) Which pigment leads to 'Green' colour of the Ans. (b) : Algae belongs to Thallophyta which is the algae? largest group of plant species. Thallophytes are thalloid, (a) Phycocyanin (b) Zeaxanthin that is, the plant does not differentiated into root, stem (c) Chlorophyll (d) Carotene and leaf etc. Thallophyta is classified into two RRB NTPC 11.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist subdivisions, Algae and Fungi. Algae are unicellular , Ans. (c) Algae are usually leafless vascular tissueless, multicellular and chlorophyll-bearing autotrophic and autotrophic and cellulose wolled plants. Algae is an largely aquatic plants. Fungi are achlorophyllous aquatic plant that grows in the oceans. Chlorophyta or heterotrophic thallophytes. Study of fungi is called green algae come in different sizes and shapes. Some Mycology. green algae are unicellular and microscopic chlorophyll 40. Which division among plants has the simplest 'A' and chlorophyll 'B' and some carotenoids are found organism ? in green algae. The study of algae is called 'Phycology'. (a) Pteridophyta (b) Thallophyta 35. The vast amount of sea weeds present in ocean (c) Bryophyta (d) Gymnosperms may produce an endless source of: RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Methane Ans : (b) The division ‘Thallophyta’ of plant kingdom (b) Ocean thermal energy has the simplest organisms.The division Thallophyta (c) Sea wave energy has the simplest entities as their body design is simple, (d) Nuclear energy they do not possess a body-specific design. This RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II) division includes bacteria, algae, fungi, lichens. The Ans : (a) Seaweed is the common name for countless bodies of these entities are undifferentiated lacking the species of marine plants and algae that grow in the presence of any vascular system to transport mineral ocean as well as in rivers, lakes, and other water salts or water nor do they possess true roots. bodies.They are thallophytes. They are present in large Thallophytes are typically found in wet regions. These amounts in ocean and used as edible items. Scientists are mostly autotrophic in nature. have expressed the apprehension that the vast amount of 41. Which of the following is commonly known as sea weeds present in ocean may produce an endless red algae? source of methane.. (a) Chrysophyceae (b) Rhodophyceae 36. ....... occurs in Spirogyra and Planaria. (c) Phaeophyceae (d) Chlorophycean (a) Fertilization Ans. (b) : The members of the rhodophyceae are (b) Fission commonly known as red algae. (c) Regeneration 42. The plants in ................ group commonly called (d) Reproduction by ovule algae. RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Gymnosperm (b) Thallophyta Ans. (*) : In Spirogyra, asexual reproduction occurs by (c) Pteridophyta (d) Bryophyta fission, while asexual reproduction takes place in RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I) Planaria through regeneration. Ans. (b) The plants in Thallophyta group commonly 37. Lichen is related to .......... division. called algae. These include lichens, algae, fungus, (a) Bryophyta (b) Thallophyta bacteria and slime moulds and bryophytes. Sex organs (c) Pteridophyta (d) Exudative BG are simple, single-celled, there is no embryo formation RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II) after fertilization. 43. Fill in the blank with the most appropriate 48. Which of the following shows a symbiotic option. relationship? Plants that do not have differentiated plant (a) Lichen (b) Ulothrix body belong to the group ……….. . (c) Marsilea (d) Funaria (a) Phanerogams (b) Thallophyta RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Pteridophyta (d) Bryophyta RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) Ans. (a) Lichen is made with the help of both algae and Ans : (b) Plants that do not have differentiated plant fungus. The fungus provides water, mineral salt and body belong to the group Thallophyta. These are the vitamins to algae and algae with the process of lowermost plants of the plant kingdom, without a well- photosynthesis gives carbohydrate to fungus. This kind differentiated body design. This means that the plant of symbiosis between fungus and algae is called body is not differentiated as roots, stem, and leaves. helotism. Sex organs are simple, single-celled, there is no embryo 49. Lichen is an organism which monitors: formation after fertilization. They have hidden (a) Soil pollution (b) Air pollution reprodution, that is why, they are classified as (c) Gas pollution (d) Water pollution cryptogams.They are commonly called algae, are permanently aquatic. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 44. Which of the following is a non-vascular plant? Ans.(b) Lichens are well known as sensitive indicators (a) Chara (b) Marsilea of air pollution, particularly for sulphur dioxide. (c) Cedar (d) Fern 50. In which of the following is the plant body not RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I) differentiated into root, stem and leaves? Ans. (a) Chara is a non-vascular plant,i.e., xylem and (a) Fern (b) Marsilea phloem are absent in it. Chara is a fresh water, green (c) Spirogyra (d) Thuja alga found submerged in shallow water ponds, tanks, RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I) lakes and slow running water. Marsilea and fern belong to group Pteridophytes, in which both xylem and RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist phloem are found. Vascular tissues are present in it. Ans. (c) Spirogyras are filamentous algae that consist of Cedar is an angiospermic plant. thin unbranched chains of cylindrical cells while the 45. Plant group which do not have roots, stem and other three are differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves are known as ––––––––––––– leaves. Spirogyras can form masses that float near the (a) Rhizoid (b) Capsule surface of streams and ponds. Spirogyra is also known (c) Thallus (d) Bryophyta as water silk and pond silk. RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III) 51. Algae are the most primitive plants and are Ans. (c) : Plant group which do not have roots, stem found exclusively in –––––. and leaves are known as thallus. (a) Mud (b) Air 46. What is the chemical generally used for (c) Water (d) Sand controlling algae? RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Alum (b) Bleaching powder Ans. (c) : Algae are most primitive plants and are found (c) Lime (d) Copper exclusively in water or moist places. RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) 52. Which of the following is a unicellular green Ans. (d) Copper containing chemicals are generally algae? used for controlling algae. (a) Chara (b) Ulothrix 47. Which of the following shows symbiotic (c) Spirogyra (d) Chlamydomonas relationship? RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Diatom (b) Anabaena Ans. (d) : Chlamydomonas is a genus of unicellular (c) Spirogyra (d) Lichen chlorophyte green algae of the class Chlorophyceae Ans. (d) Lichen shows symbiotic relationship. The body .Volvox is a polyphyletic genus of chlorophyte green of lichen is made up of two organisms, which are algae algae which forms spherical colonies of numerous cells. and fungi, respectively. Some people compare lichen to a Spirogyra is chlorophyllous algae that synthesize its consortium in which photobiont is attached to mycobiont. food by photosynthesis. This type of relationship gives mutual benefit to both and this type of life is called symbiotic relationship. The (iv) Bryophyta lichen symbiosis is thought to be a mutualism, as both the fungi and the photosynthetic partners, called as 53. Plants having no vascular system are known photobionts, get benefit. The algal component as: photosynthesize and provide food for the fungus while (a) Pteridophytes (b) Bryophytes the fungal component provide protection from the (c) Tracheophytes (d) Gametophytes environment by its filament. RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) : Non-vascular plants, or Bryophytes, include 59. Which of the following is false about rhizoids? the most primitive forms of land vegetation. These (a) They are similar in structure and function to plants lack the vascular tissue system needed for the root hair of vascular land plant. transporting water and nutrients. Vascular tissue (b) They are protuberances that extend from consists of vessels called xylem and phloem. It is lower epidermal cells of bryophytes. significant that, bryophyta is a group of the simplest land plant which are considered to have evolved from (c) They have well- defined stems, root and green algae. Example of bryophytes:- Riccia, leaves. Marchantia, Anthoceros, Sphagnum, Pellia, (d) They are multicellular composed of multiple Polytrichum, Funaria. tissues. 54. ...........plants are called amphibians of the plant RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I) kingdom. Ans. (c) : Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from (a) Bryophyta (b) Pteridophyta lower epidermal cells of bryophytes. They are similar (c) Angiosperms (d) Thalcophyta in structure and function to the root hair of vascular RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III) land plant and they are unicellular or multicellular Ans : (a) Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant composed of multiple tissues. They do not have well- kingdom because these plants live in soil but they need defined stems, root and leaves. water for asexual reproduction. They are mostly found on marshy and wetlands where they can adapt to 60. The protrusion extends from the lower survive with both water nutrients and soil nutrients. epidermal cells of the bryophytes is called Vascular system is absent in bryophytes. Ex. Riccia, …………. . Funaria, Liverwort, Hornwort, Anthoceros etc. (a) Rhizoid (b) Thallus 55. Amphibian plants are placed in which of the (c) Seta (d) Capsule following groups? RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Pteridophyta (b) Gymnosperm Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Bryophyta (d) Thallophyta 61. Which of the following is true for rhizoid? RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-III) (a) They have well- developed stem, root and Ans : (c): See the explanation of the above question. leaves. 56. Bryophyte is related with which kind of (b) They are multicellular composed of multiple vegetation? tissues. (a) Cladophora (b) Devdar (c) They are attached to the substrate with help of (c) Marchantia (d) Water clover plants. RRB NTPC 29.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (d) They usually have one capsule and five arms. Ans. (c) : Bryophytes exist in a wide variety of habitats. RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I) They can be found growing in a range of temperatures, Ans : (c) Rhizoid is the major feature of Bryophytes. elevations and moisture. Marchantia is a Bryophyta. The main plant body of the bryophyte is haploid. It These are simple plants without roots or vascular produces gametes, hence, is called a gametophyte.The systems. plant body of bryophytes is more differentiated than that 57. Which of the following plants is not a of algae. It is thallus-like and prostrate or erect, and thallophyte? attached to the substratum by unicellular or (a) Ulothrix (b) Chara multicellular rhizoids. They lack true roots, stem or (c) Funaria (d) Ulva leaves. Rhizoids are formed by single cells, unlike RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist roots. Ans. (c) Funaria is a Bryophyta. The Bryophyta are 62. Which of the following plants is included in the those plants which do not have rudimentary root-like organs and vascular tissues. Thallophyta are those class Bryophyta? plants which do not have any roots, stems, or leaves. (a) Ulothrix (b) Cladophora Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Ulva, and Chara are thallophyta. (c) Riccia (d) Marsilea 58. Which of the following is not a bryophyte? RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Marchantia (b) Riccia Ans. (c) Riccia belongs to Bryophyta. They are mostly (c) Funaria (d) Chara found on marshy and wetlands , rocks etc. whereas RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ulothrix and Cladophora belong to class Algae and Ans. (d) Chara is green algae of class Chlorophyceae. Marsilea is Pteridophyte. Bryophyta is a large class of plant kingdom. All those 63. Riccia belongs to which of the following class? plants do not have true vascular system, belong to class (a) Bryophyta (b) Thallophyta Bryophyta. Bryophytes include the various mosses and (c) Angiosperm (d) Pteridophyta liverworts and hornworts, that are found commonly RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I) growing in moist shaded areas in the hills. Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. Ans : (b) : Chlorophyllous and cryptogams plants (v) Pteridophyta belong to class Pteridophyta, i.e, pteridophytes are flowerless and seedless vascular plants. The 64. –––––– are seedless vascular plants, that share pteridophytes are found in cool, damp, shady places a unique life cycle with independent though some may flourish well in sandy-soil conditions. gametophyta and sporophyta phases are Examples- Fern, Lycopodium etc. usually discussed together due to common 70. Which of the following plant body is features including vascular plants. differentiated into roots, stem and leaves? (a) Gymnosperm (b) Pteridophyta (a) Marchantia (b) Marsilea (c) Bryophyte (d) Angiosperm (c) Funaria (d) Chara RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) Ans. (b) : Pteridophyta are seedless vascular plants, that share a unique life cycle with independent Ans : (b) Marsilea is a plant of class Pteridophyta. gametophyta and sporophyta stages are commonly Their body is differentiated into root, stem and leaves. discussed together due to common features including In Marsilea, vascular tissue is also found for the vascular plants. transport of water and other substances from one part of the body to another. These plants have hidden 65. Which of the following plants has specialized reproduction and do not have the ability to produce tissue for the conduction of water and other substances from one part of the plant body to seeds, hence they are called cryptogams. another? 71. Which of the following plants do not belong to (a) Chara (b) Moss the Thallophyta group? (c) Riccia (d) Marsilea (a) Cladophora (b) Chara RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Ulothrix (d) Marsilea Ans. (d) Marsilea has specialized tissues for the RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I) conduction of water and other substances from one part Ans. (d): See the explanation of the above question. of the plant body to another. Marsilea consist of rooted, 72. Which one of the following plants does not aquatic herbs with emergent leaves. belong to class Thallophyta? 66. Pteridophyta do not possess………. . (a) Cladophora (b) Ulothrix (a) Leaves (b) Flowers (c) Chara (d) Marsilea (c) Roots (d) Stem RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (d) Cladophora, Ulothrix, Chara belong to class Ans : (b) Pteridophyta do not possess flowers, but Thallophyta. The entire body of thallophytes is like a they have true roots. Most plants also have well-defined thallus in which complete biological functions are leaves. Their tissues develop more than the tissue of carried out whereas Marsilea is a pteridophyte which is moss.The Pteridophytes include horsetails and ferns. differentiated into root, stem, leaves. 67. ……… are not found in plants of class Pteridophyta. 73. Which of the following plants have hidden (a) Leaves (b) Flowers reproductive organ? (c) Root (d) Stem (a) Marsilea (b) Pinus RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Ipomoea (d) Cedar Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II) 68. ............ were the first terrestrial plants to Ans : (a) Marsilea is a vascular pteridophyte. A possess vascular tissues. cryptogam is a plant that reproduces by spores, without (a) Bryophyte (b) Thallophyta flowers or seeds which means that their means of (c) Algae (d) Pteridophyta reproduction are hidden. Cedar and Pinus are gymnospermic plants that reproduces by means of an RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II) exposed seed, or ovule. Ipomoea is an angiospermic Ans : (d) Evolutionarily, Pteridophytes were the first plant whose seeds are enclosed by mature ovaries or terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues – xylem and fruits. phloem. In Pteridophyta, vascuar tissue is well defined but they lack vessels in the xylem and companion cells in the phloem. Vascular tissue does not develop in (vi) Gymnosperm Bryophyta and Thallophyta, i.e, xylem and phloem are not present. Algae and fungi belong toThallophyta. 74. Which of the following plant groups bear 69. Pteridophytes are ……….. naked seeds? (a) Seed of non-penetration (a) Gymnosperms (b) Angiosperms (b) Seedless vascular plants (c) Pteridophytes (d) Thallophytes (c) Seed vascular plants RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III) (d) Seed of progeny. RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans.(a) The seeds in Gymnosperm are without sheath. 80. Which of the following is gymnosperm? It lacks ovaries. This plant is evergreen, woody and tall. (a) Moss (b) Pine They are dioecious in nature, in which the stomata are (c) Mango (d) Fern embedded in the leaf and epidermis is covered with a RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I) layer of cuticles. Coniferous plants have been kept Ans. (b) : The largest example of Gymnosperms is under this, such as pine and spruce etc. coniferous trees, includes pine and cedar. 75. Which of the following plants bears naked 81. Which of the following is the tallest tree in the seeds? world? (a) Chara (b) Funaria (a) Redwood (b) Pine (c) Marsilea (d) Deodar (c) Spruce (d) Cedar RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 11.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (d) Deodar plant bears naked seeds. Scientific name of deodar is Cedrus deodara.The gymnosperms Ans.(d) Redwood is the tallest tree in the world. This are plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any tree is situated in Redwood National Park (California). ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after It was discovered in 2006. fertilisation. The seeds that develop post-fertilisation, Cedar is an example of an evergreen tree. Pines are are not covered, i.e., are naked. Other examples of coniferous trees of the genus Pinus in the family of gymnosperms are Sequoia, Pinus ,Cycas etc. Pinaceae. It is found in temperate and tropical cold 76. Which of the following plants belong to regions. Spruce tree is the companion of the cedar. It is gymnosperms? an evergreen coniferous tree. (a) Chara (b) Moss 82. Plants with well differentiated reproductive (c) Marsilea (d) Devdar tissues, which eventually form seeds, are called: RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Thallophyta (b) Pteridophyta (c) Phanerogam (d) Cryptogam Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II) 77. ……… has naked seeds. Ans : (c) Plants in which reproductive tissues are well- (a) Pinus (b) Lemon developed and differentiated and produce seeds after (c) Carrot (d) Wheat reproduction process are called phanerogams: such as RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III) gymnosperms and angiosperms. Ans : (a) Pinus has naked seeds. The gymnosperms are 83. Vessels are the major water conducting cells in plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after (a) Bryophyta (b) Thallophyta fertilisation. The seeds that develop post-fertilisation, (c) Fungi (d) Angiosperms are not covered, i.e., are naked. Examples of RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II) gymnosperms are Sequoia, Pinus, Cycas, Cedar, Ans. (d) : Vessels are the major water conducting cells Ginkgo etc. Lemon, carrot and wheat are examples of in Angiosperm plants. Well-developed vascular tissues angiosperms. are found in Angiosperm plants. The main function of 78. Ephedra plant is classified under_____. xylem is to transport mineral salts and water absorbed (a) Bryophytes (b) Angiosperm by the roots to the leaves of plants. Four major types of (c) Gymnosperm (d) Pteridophytes cells are found in xylem: (1) Tracheids (2) Vessels (3) RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Xylem fibers (4) Xylem parenchyma. Ans. (c) Ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs. The various species of Ephedra are widespread in many arid (vii) Angiosperm regions of the world. The genus Ephedra was first described in 1753 by Carolus Linnaeus. 84. In which of the following plant groups does the 79. Gymnosperms are commonly referred to as –– seeds develop inside an ovary which then – type seeds, because they do not produce ripens to become a fruit? flower, and their seeds develop on the surface of the reproductive structures of plants rather (a) Pteridophyta (b) Gymnosperms than enclosed by any ovary wall. (c) Thallophyta (d) Angiosperms (a) Naked RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (b) Correct trait Ans. (d) Pteridophyta is a division of the plant (c) Non-motile male gametes kingdom, comprising the vascular cryptogams. They are (d) Winged flowerless plants exhibiting an alternation of two RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I) distinct and dissimilar generations. The first is a non- Ans. (a) Gymnosperms are commonly referred to as sexual, spore-bearing, sporophyte generation. In naked type seeds, because they do not produce flower, gymnosperms (conifers and allies) the ovules lie and their seeds develop on the surface of the uncovered on the scales of the cone. In angiosperms reproductive structures of plants rather than enclosed by (flowering plants), one or more ovules are enclosed by any ovary wall. Ex: Ginkgo biloba and Sequoia the ovary, which develops into the fruit 85. Butea monosperma is the botanical name of Ans : (c) : The arrangement and distribution of veins which plant that is native to the Indian and veinlets in the leaf lamina is called venation. There subcontinent? are two main types of venation: Reticulate and Parallel. (a) Shirish (b) Neem In reticulate venation the veins are irregularly (c) Palash (d) Peepal distributed to form a network. It is a characteristic RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist feature of the dicotyledons. Parallel venation is Ans. (c) Butea monosperma is the botanical name of characteristics of monocot plants. In this type, the veins Palash plant that is native to the Indian subcontinent. are parallel and do not form a network. Plant Name Botanical name 91. Which of the following is not a feature of Shirish Albizia lebbeck dicotyledonous plants? Neem Azadirachta indica. (a) Reticular vein (b) Fibrous root Peepal Ficus religiosa. (c) Main root (b) Two cotyledons Basil Ocimum tenuiflorum RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) 86. Pollination is characteristic of plants of group: Ans : (b) Such plants, which seeds have two …….. cotyledons, are called dicotyledonous plant , i.e , they (a) Pteridophyte (b) Cross fertilization can be divided into two equal cotyledons. Ex : (c) Angiosperm (d) Bryophyte Sunflower, Mango etc. Dicots have flowers arranged in RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I) whorls, two cotyledons, and a vein arrangement that RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I) forms networks within their leaves. Dicotyledonous Ans. (c) : Pollination is characteristic of plants of group plants lack fibrous roots. Fibrous root is a characteristic Angiosperm. Angiosperm plants are known as of monocot plant. flowering plants. Enclosed seed means such a group of plants in which the spore or seed is enclosed by ovary 92. . . . . . . . . . is a monocot. wall. The Australian Eucalyptus is the longest (a) Fern (b) Spirogyra angiospermic plant in the world. The plant is (c) Ipomoea (d) Paphiopedilum sporophyte, which is divided into roots, stems and RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II) leaves, and pollination occurs through various means. Ans : (d) Paphiopedilum is an example of monocot The tissue system in plants is well- developed in plant. This plant found in the eastern Himalayas and angiosperms. Assam at an altitude of 1300 to 2200 meters. It is a very 87. The reproductive parts of angiosperms are beautiful plant that grows on the soil and grows in the located in ………. moist soil of the river banks in the forests. This flower (a) Flowers (b) Leaves is attractive, colourfull blooms and has ability to (c) Root (d) Stem remain fresh for several weeks. They are popularly RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) called Lady's slippers because of the presence of a Ans : (a) The reproductive organ of angiospermic highly modified pouch-like labellum, which looks plants is located in the flower. In these, double similar to a lady's slipper. All species flowers of fertilization is visible. They are found as soil borne, Paphiopedilum are often called "slipper orchids" parasitic, symbiotic, insectivorous and autotroph. The because of their unique pouch. Monocot plants are vascular system is well-developed. These are usually marked by seeds with a single cotyledon. terrestrial plants. 93. Brassica Campestris is the botanical name of 88. Double fertilization is a property of …………. which plant? (a) Gymnosperm (b) Bryophyte (a) Corn (b) Common wheat (c) Angiosperm (d) Monocot (c) Buckwheat (d) Field mustard RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 27.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Double fertilization is a property of angiosperm. Ans.(d) The common name of Brassica campestris is mustard. The first part denotes the genus of the plant 89. The angiosperm plants in which seeds contain while the second denotes the species. Some botanical two dicotyledons are called: plants are as follows: (a) Maize (b) Paphiopedilum 1) Corn (Zea mays) (c) Grass (d) Dicot plant 2) Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III) 3) Buck wheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Ans : (d) The angiosperm plants in which seeds contain two dicotyledons are called dicotyledonous plants like 94. The reproductive parts of …………… are gram, pea, bean, mustard etc. located in the flower. 90. The leaves of angiospermic plants have …… (a) Bryophyta (b) Pteridophyta type venation. (c) Thallophyta (d) Angiosperm (a) Four (b) Three RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Two (d) Six Ans : (d) The reproductive parts of angiosperm are RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III) located in the flower. 95. Botanical name of Banyan tree is: Ans. (d) : Mimosa pudica also referred to as touch me (a) Ficus benghalensis not, live and die shame, plant and humble plant is a (b) Ocimum tenuiflorum prostrate of tropical America and Australia, also found (c) Azadirachta indica in India heavily armed with recurved thorns and having (d) Ficus religiosa sensitive soft gresy green leaflets that fold and droop at RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist night. Ans.(a) Botanical name of Banyan tree is Ficus 101. ______ is a plant which grows in the forest and benghalensis. Some trees with their names are as has stinging hair on its leaves which cause follow: painful stings when touched accidentally. Botanical name Vegetation (a) Nettle (b) Pigweed • Ocimum tenuiflorum- Holy Basil (c) Clovers (d) Miner's Lettuce • Azadirachta indica –Neem RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist • Ficus religiosa- Peepal Ans. (a) Nettle is a herbaceous plant that grows in the 96. In which of the following plant group seeds are wild. Its leaves have stinging hair, which causes painful present inside the fruit? stings when touched accidentally. This is due to the methanoic acid secreted by them. Urtica dioica is a (a) Angiosperms (b) Pteridophyta scientific name of the stinging nettle. (c) Gymnosperms (d) Bryophytes 102. What is the scientific name of the fruit RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 'mango'? Ans. (a) : Angiosperms are plant groups with their seeds (a) Solanum tuberosum present inside the fruit. They also comprise the vast (b) Musa paradisicum majority of all plant foods we eat, including grains, beans, fruits, vegetables and most nuts, flower. (c) Mangifera indica (d) Pyrus malus 97. The reproductive organs of angiosperms are located in …….. . RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Stem (b) Root Ans. (c) Mangifera indica is the scientific name of the (c) Flower (d) Leaves fruit 'mango'. Other fruits and their scientific names are as follow: RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III) Common Name Scientific Name Ans : (c) The angiosperms are vascular seed plants in Banana Musa paradisicum which the ovule (egg) is fertilized and develops into a seed in an enclosed hollow ovary. The ovary itself is Apple Malus pumila usually enclosed in a flower, that part of the Potato Solanum tuberosum angiospermous plant that contains the male or female Pomegranate Punica granatum reproductive organs or both. Herb, shrubs and trees- all Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas three are included in angiosperms. Guava Psidium guajava 98. .......... is a dicot plant. Onion Allium cepa (a) Paphiopedilum (b) Cedar Pea Pisum sativam (c) Ipomoea (d) Cycus Tulsi Ocimum sanctum RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) 103. Which of the following plants has lost the Ans :(c) Ipomoea is a dicot plant. It is a perennial plant capacity to produce seeds? of family Convolvulaceae . It is a flowering plant, forms (a) Watermelon (b) Mustard roots as it trails along the ground. The edible roots are (c) Mango (d) Jasmine enlarged for food storage. Its leaves are oval to lobed, RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II) and the 5-cm (2-inch) flowers are pink to rose violet. Ans. (d) : The plants which lost the capacity of 99. ............. is a monocot plant. forming seeds are Rose , banana and jasmine etc. but (a) Rose (b) Daisy not only these plants have lost this capacity but the (c) Garlic (d) Carrot plants which have grown from vegetative propagation RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) continuously have lost the capacity to produce seeds. Ans : (c) : Monocot plants are marked by seeds with a Jasmine is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive single cotyledon, parallel-veined leaves, scattered family Oleaceae. vascular bundles in the stem, the absence of a typical cambium, and an adventitious root system. In contrast, 104. What is the scientific name of green pea? seeds of dicotyledonous plants have two cotyledons (a) Pisum sativum (b) Pisum savitum Garlic, wheat, paddy, etc. belong to monocot plants. (c) Triticum aestivum (d) Zea mays 100. What is the scientific name of the 'Touch-Me- RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Not' plant? Ans.(a) The scientific name of green pea in Pisum (a) Mimosa townsendii (b) Mimosa verrucosa sativum. It is also called garden pea.The scientific name (c) Mimosa loxensis (d) Mimosa pudica of wheat is Triticum aestivum.The scientific name of RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist maize is Zea mays. 105. Which one of the following is addressed as 2. Which part of seeds forms root on "Alfalfa"? germination? (a) Sativa (b) Memel (a) Cotyledon (b) Radicle (c) Fish (d) Fossils (c) Plumule (d) Epicotyl RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (a) : Alfalfa is a perennial flowering plant in the Ans. (b) Radicle forms root on germination. The legume family. It is used for grazing, hay and silage as primary root or radicle is the first part to appear when a well as a green manure and cover crop. The USA is the seed germinates. It grows downward into the soil. main producer of Alfalfa. The scientific name of Alfalfa is Medicago sativa. 3. Vegetative parts of a plant are ..... (a) Root, stem and leaves 106. What is the scientific name of the fruit mango? (b) Root, leaves and flowers (a) Mangus indicus (b) Mangus indica (c) Root, stem and flower (c) Mangana indica (d) Mangifera indica (d) Leaves, stem and flower RRB NTPC 16.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) : Scienific name of mango is Mangifera indica. Ans : (a) Root, stem and leaves are vegetative parts of 107. What is the botanical name of common wheat? a plant. Such as potato plant, ginger plant etc. (a) Hibiscus Rosa sinensis (b) Triticum aestivum (c) Zea Mays (ii) Stem (d) Brassica campestris RRB NTPC 20.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 4. Ginger, a rhizome used as cooking and Ans (b) Some common names with their scientific flavoring agent, is an …… names:- (a) Underground stem (b) Underground root Common Name Scientific Name (c) Aerial stem (d) Aerial root Wheat Triticum aestivum RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) Gram Cicer arietinum Ans : (a) Ginger, turmeric, potatoes are examples of Mustard Brassica campestris underground stems. Pea Pisum sativum 5. Which part of the potato plant do we eat? Gudhal Hibiscus Rosa sinensis (a) Root (b) Seed 108. What plant has scientific name ‘Solanum (c) Flower (d) Stem tuberosum’? RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) (a) Potato (b) Tomato Ans. (d) : The stem part of the potato plant is used as a (c) Pumpkin (d) Onion vegetable. Potato production is highest in China, India RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist is at the second place in potato production. Potatoes Ans : (a) The scientific name of potato is Solanum contain vitamin C, B complex and iron ,calcium, tuberosum. Potato is a vegetable. In botanical terms, it manganese, phosphorus elements. is a stem tuber. Its origin place is Peru in South America. The botanical name of tomato is Solanum lycopersicum. The scientific name of onion is Allium (iii) Leaf cepa. The scientific name of pumpkin is Cucurbita maxima. 6. Select wrong statement in the following: The upper and lower layer of cells in the leaves... 13. Plant Morphology (a) protect internal parts. (b) control the amount of water. (i) Root (c) synthesize food. (d) exchange gases. 1. What is the long hair-like part in root cells RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III) called? Ans.(c) : The upper and lower layer of cells in the (a) Root Nails (b) Root Hair leaves are generally waxy cuticle to protect the leaf and (c) Root villi (d) Root tracheids prevent water loss. The presence of the cuticle limits RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III) water loss, but also inhibits absorption of carbon Ans. (b) : The part of the plant which is hidden under dioxide and excretion of oxygen. These functions are the soil is called root. The long hair-like part of the root served by stomata which regulate water loss, O2 release cells is called root hair. Roots bind soil particles and CO2 intake. In most leaves, stomata are more together, and keep the plant stable in the ground. It abundant in the lower epidermis, limiting water loss due absorbs the mineral salts required for the nutrition of the to direct sunlight. The synthesis of food takes place plant from the ground and carries it to different parts of through chlorophyll that are found in the leaves and the plant. pneumatic parts of plants. 7. Which part of the plant contributes to the Ans.(c) In botany, the petiole is the stalk that attaches exchange of gases? the leaf blade to the stem, and is able to twist the leaf to (a) Stem (b) Root face the Sun. (c) Buds (d) Leaves 13. ......... is a female reproductive organ of the RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II) flower. Ans. (d) The gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon (a) Petals (b) Stamens dioxide in the leaf (as well as the loss of water vapor in (c) Calyx (d) Pistil transpiration) occurs through pores called stomata RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I) through diffusion.The oxygen enters from atmosphere Ans : (d) The pistil, also called carpel , is a female into plants through stomata, lenticels and intercellular reproductive organ of the flower. Pistils are typically spaces on hard barks of woody stems in old plants. located in the center of the flower and are surrounded Roots take oxygen from air spaces present in soil. by petals, sepals and stamens. Some flowers have one 8. In plants, gases are exchanged through ……. simple pistil, while others have more than five pistils. (a) Stomata (b) Collenchyma Flower pistils consist of three parts: the ovary, the style (c) Sclerenchyma (d) Parenchyma and the stigma. RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I) 14. ............ is not a part of carpel. Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Stigma (b) Ovary 9. The stomata are located in : (c) Stamen (d) Style (a) Red blood cells (b) Chlorophyll RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I) (c) Stomach (d) Leaves Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) 15. ............. are parts of the stamen. Ans : (d) The stomata are mainly located in the leaves. (a) Anther and ovary Stomata are tiny openings or pores in plant tissue that (b) Anther and stalk allow for gas exchange. Apart from evaporation of (c) Anther and stigma water vapor in the transpiration, oxygen and carbon (d) Anther and style dioxide are also exchanged through stomata present in RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II) the leaves. Transpiration is the biological process by Ans. (b) Flowers are the reproductive part of a which water is lost in the form of water vapour from the plant.The four main parts of a flower are the petals, aerial parts of the plants. sepals, stamen, and carpel. Stamen and carpel are true reproductive part of flower. Stamen is male (iv) Flower reproductive part of a flower. In all but a few extant angiosperms, the stamen consists of a long slender stalk. 10. Small bead-like structures inside the ovary of Pistil is the innermost part and the female reproductive flowers is called organ of a flower which comprises three parts -stigma, (a) Sepals (b) Stamen style and ovary. This is collectively known as the pistil. (c) Ovules (d) Petals 16. The pistil in the flower is ............ . RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Bisexual Ans. (c) Ovules are small bead-like structures inside the (b) A female reproductive part ovary of the female flowers plant. It develops into a (c) Unisexual seed when fertilized. Ovules are structures that give rise (d) A male reproductive part to and contain the female reproductive cells while RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist stamen are the pollen producing part of a flower, Ans.(b) Pistil is the female reproductive part of a usually with a slender filament supporting the anther. flower. The pistil centrally located consists of a swollen 11. Which of the following is called the female base, the ovary which contains the potential seeds. reproductive part of a flower? 17. ……… is a unisexual flower. (a) Monoaceum (b) Zeissium (a) Papaya (b) Mustard (c) Zyngong (d) Stamens (c) Hibiscus (d) Sunflower RPF SI 12.01.2019 (Shift - III) RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (c) : The female reproductive part of the flower is Ans : (a) Papaya is a unisexual flower. Its botanical pistil (Zyngong) that consists of stigma, style and ovary. name is Carica papaya. Papaya is dioecious, that is The pistil is located in the center of the flower. The unisexual, for male and female flowers are borne by stigma is the sticky knob at the top of the pistil. It is separate plants.The main difference between unisexual attached to the long, tubelike structure called the style. and bisexual flowers is that unisexual flowers contain 12. The petiole is a part of a/an ______. male and female reproductive organs in separate (a) Bird (b) Human being flowers whereas bisexual flowers contain both male and (c) Tree (d) Animal female reproductive organs in the same flower such as RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist mustard, cotton, okra etc. 18. ....... is known as hermaphrodite flower. Plant Family Flower (a) Papaya (b) Watermelon Mustard Brassicaceae bisexual (c) Cucumber (d) Mustard Watermelon Cucurbitaceae unisexual RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I) Cucumber Cucurbitaceae unisexual RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II) Papaya Caricaceae unisexual Ans : (d) Mustard is hermaphrodite flower. Some 23. ………., present in the centre of the flower, plants are hermaphrodites. In their reproductive organs, forms female reproductive system. flowers, there are both male and female reproductive (a) Petals (b) Sepals systems. The pollen, or male gamete is released from a (c) Carpel (d) Stamen stamen. The female part, stigma, is a long tube that RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I) leads to ovules containing eggs. The pollen must make RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-I) its way from the stamen to the stigma. Ans : (c) Flowers are a characteristic feature in angiosperm plants. An complete flower has four 19. The male reproductive parts of the flower are parts,i.e, calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium called …………. respectively. Gynoeceium is the female reproductive (a) Carpel (b) Stamen organ of a flower. It is present in the middle of the (c) Petals (d) Sepals flower, carpel is unit of it. RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III) Flower Part Unit Ans : (b) The male reproductive part of a flower is Calyx – Sepal referred to as the stamen and consists of the filament Corolla – Petal and the anther. The filament is a stalk-like structure that Androecium – Stamen attaches to the base of the flower and supports the Gynoecium – Carpel anther, which is the structure that produces pollen.The 24. The reproduction parts of a flower are: main function of the stamen is to produce the pollen (a) Stamens and carpels grains, which house male gametes, or sex cells, (b) Calyx and carpels necessary for reproduction. The pollen sac of the (c) Calyx and corolla stamens produce pollen and keep them within (d) Corolla and stamens themselves. Male gametes of the plant are found in RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I) pollen grains. A flower has many stamens. Ans : (a) The stamens and carpels are the reproductive 20. Flower parts are arranged on the floral axis , part of a flower. The androecium and gynoecium are that is known as ? called the actual reproductive organs of the flower. The (a) Sepals (b) Inflorescence third whorl contains the male reproductive structures (c) Placenta (d) Oviduct and is known as the androecium. The androecium has RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) stamens with anthers that contain the microsporangia. Ans. (b) The inflorescence is defined as the The fourth whorl and innermost group of structures in arrangement of a cluster of flowers on a floral axis. the flower is the gynoecium, or the female reproductive When inflorescence is participated in formation of fruit, component, made of carpels. such fruit are known as false fruit , as apple does not 25. The essential organs in the flower for grow from the ovary, it is a false fruit. True fruits are reproduction are: developed from mature or ripened ovary, after (a) Sepals and stamens (b) Stamen and pistil fertilization, examples are-mango, tomato etc. (c) Sepals and petals (d) Petals and pistil RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I) 21. Pollen grains are found in Ans : (b) A complete flower has four parts - (a) Stigma (b) Ovule Flower unit (c) Anther (d) Style (Flower Part) (Unit) RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I) (i) Calyx → Sepal (Necessary organ or whorl) Ans : (c) The male reproductive structure in a flower (ii) Corolla → Petal is called androecium. The androecium consists of stamens. The stamen is the male reproductive part of the (iii) Androecium → Stamen (Necessary Reproductive flower. Its two parts are filamentous stalk and bi-lobed (iv) Gynoecium → Pistil organ) anther respectively. Anther contain pollen grains. 26. The top of the pistil in a flower is termed as: 22. Which of following is a bisexual flower? (a) Ovule (b) Stamens (a) Mustard (b) Papaya (c) Pollen (d) Stigma (c) Watermelon (d) Cucumber RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (d) The top of the pistil in a flower is termed as Ans : (a) Bisexual flowers - both male and female are stigma. present in the same flower, such as plants of family 27. The female reproductive part of flowers is Brassicaceae. called- Unisexual flowers- unisexual flowers contain male and (a) Stamens (b) Petals female reproductive organs in separate flowers, such as (c) Sepals (d) Carpel plants of family Cucurbitaceae. RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III) Ans : (d) The gynoecium is typically made up of an 32. Plants reserve food in ……… of seed for ovary, style, and stigma as in the center of the flower. It future. is composed of a single carpel or multiple fused (a) Plumule (b) radicle carpels.If more than one carpel is present in gynoecium (c) Cotyledon (d) Embryo this condition is called as polycarpellary. If all the RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III) carpels in gynoecium are free, then this condition is Ans : (c) Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule. called as apocarpous. Plants reserve food in cotyledons of seed for future. 28. ……… is the part of male reproductive system Peas, pulses etc. belong to dicotyledonous plants and in the plants. mango, wheat, rice etc. belong to monocot plants. (a) Style (b) Stigma (c) Ovary (d) Stamens 33. ............ serves as a food store in the seed of the RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I) plant. (a) Ovule (b) Cotyledon Ans : (d) The male reproductive part of the flower is called stamens. It helps in the formation of male gametes (c) Plumule (d) Radicle of the plant and is found in pollen grains. Therefore, RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II) stamens are the male reproductive part of plants, while Ans. (b) : Cotyledons are an important part of the seed stigma,style and ovary - all three are part of the female of plants. When the seeds of some plants germinate, reproductive system in the flowering plant. The female cotyledon develops and forms the first leaves of the reproductive system is called gynoecium. While the male plant, which acts as food reserve, while the female reproductive system is called and roecium. reproductive cells are produced and stored in the ovule. 29. Which of the following does not involve in Plumule is the part of the seed embryo that grows into a vegetative propagation? shoot after the process of seed germination. (a) Leaves (d) Root 34. What is Tomato? (c) Stem (d) Flower (a) Vegetable (b) Fruit RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Pods (d) Edible stem Ans. (d): Flowers are never involved in vegetative RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist propagation. Vegetative propagation is a form of Ans : (b) Tomato is a fruit. Pericarp and placenta are asexual reproduction of a plant. Only one plant is edible part of tomato. The botanical name of tomato is involved and the offspring is the result of one parent. Solanum lycopersicum ( Lycopersicon esculentum) and Almost all types of shoots and roots are capable of vegetative propagation, including, stems, basal shoots, it belongs to Solanaceae family of the flowering plants. tubers, rhizomes, stolons, corms, bulbs, and buds. In a It originated in South America. Lycopene is the red few species, even leaves are involved in vegetative colored pigment abundantly found in tomato. propagation. It has two types, one natural and the other 35. Which of the following is not commonly used as artificial. a fruit? (a) Strawberry (b) Grapes (v) Fruit (c) Pear (d) Tomato RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 30. Which of the following develops as subsequent Ans : (d) Generally, tomato is not used as a fruit. It is used shoots during seed germination ? as a vegetable. Its botanical name is Lycopersicum (a) Radicle (b) Plumule esculentum, which is known as Solanum lycopersicum (c) Cotyledons (d) Endosperm and it belongs to Solanaceae family of the flowering RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III) plants. Ans : (b) Plumule is the part of the seed embryo that 36. Which of the following is not a multi-seeded grows into a shoot after the process of seed fruit? germination. It is a small portion of the plant, with a (a) Papaya (b) Apple bud-like structure, giving rise to the first true leaves and (c) Litchi (d) Pomegranate is grown into a plant giving rise to several leaves, RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) branches, flowers, and seeds. Cotyledon is the significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant. Ans. (c) Litchi is single seed fruit, while papaya, apple, Upon germination, the cotyledon may become the and pomegranate are multi-seeded fruit . embryonic first leaves of a seedling. 37. Which of the following is a leguminous plant? 31. ................. are three parts of seed. (a) Tomato (b) Cabbage (a) Cotyledons, zygote and plumule (c) Potato (d) Pea (b) Cotyledons, radicle and plumule RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Cotyledons, embryo and plumule Ans. (d) Pea is a leguminous plant. A leguminous plant (d) Cotyledons, zygote and radicle is a group of flowering plants that have vegetables or as RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) foods grown from the ground that enhance the ability of Ans : (b) The seeds have three parts - nitrogen rich material. Legumes include beans peanuts 1. Cotyledon 2. Radicle , 3. Plumule soybeans etc. 38. Edible part of banana is: surrounded by guard cells. Stomata are responsible for (a) Pericarp the interchange of gases for respiration and (b) Endocarp and mesocarp photosynthesis. The stomata allow for the loss of (c) Epicarp excess water in the form of water vapour, which also (d) Epicarp and mesocarp allows cooling. RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) 4. What is the loss of water in the form of water Ans. (b) Edible part of a banana is endocarp and vapor in plants? mesocarp. (a) Emission (b) Respiration 39. Which of the following bears flowers and fruits (c) Gas exchange (d) Transpiration only once in its lifetime? RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Peach (b) Guava Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. (c) Fig (d) Banana RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III) 5. Loss of the water from the leaves of the plant through stomata is called: Ans. (d) Banana bears flowers and fruits only once in its lifetime. (a) Perspiration (b) Expiration (c) Suspiration (b) Transpiration 40. .......... is not a vegetative part of the plant. (a) Fruit (b) Leaf RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Stem (d) Root Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III) 6. Forests increase the atmosphere’s humidity by- Ans. (a) Fruit is not a vegetative part of the plant. The (a) Oxidation (b) Inspiration fertilized, transformed and mature ovary is called a (c) Transpiration (d) Expiration fruit, usually the fruit is formed by the flower. Leaf, RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) root, and stem belong to the vegetative parts of plants. Ans. (c) Forests increase the atmosphere’s humidity by The length and width of the plants increase due to the transpiration. increase in the meristematic cells of the vegetative parts of the plant. 7. Transpiration decreases in ............ conditions. (a) High temperature (b) Low humidity (c) High humidity (d) High light intensity 14. Plant Physiology RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III) (i) Transpiration Ans. (c) Transpiration decreases in high humidity conditions. 1. The guard cells swell when ……… flows into 8. Evaporation of water from leaves of a plant is them causing stomatal pore to open. called: (a) Chemical (b) Enzyme (a) Transpiration (b) Respiration (c) Water (d) Hormone (c) Perspiration (d) Evaporation RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (c) The guard cells swell when water flows into Ans : (a) Evaporation of water from the leaves of them causing stomatal pore to open. When the K + ion plants is called Transpiration. Only a small fraction of enter in guard cells, the stomata open and when the K + the water that the plants absorb from the soil is used in ion exit from guard cells, the stomata close. the plant body. The instrument by which the rate of 2. Plants can get rid of excess water by ……. transpiration is measured, is called Potometer. (a) Transpiration (b) Excretion 9. In plants, .............. helps in absorption and (c) Circulation (d) Respiration upward movement, from roots to leaves, of RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III) water and minerals dissolved in it. Ans : (a) Transpiration : It is the biological process by (a) Consideration (b) Photosynthesis which water is lost in the form of water vapour from the (c) Respiration (d) Transpiration aerial parts of the plants. Plants also require an excretory RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III) system to discharge excess water from their body. Ans. (d) : In plants,transpiration helps in absorption and 3. Transpiration occurs by …………. upward movement, from roots to leaves, of water and (a) Stomata (b) Epidermis minerals dissolved in it. (c) Vascular bundle (d) Sheath RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-III) (ii) Photosynthesis Ans. (a) Plants also require an excretory system to discharge excess water from their body. This process of 10. Photosynthesis takes place in the presence of elimination of excess water from the plant body is light. Which colour’s light range least affects known as transpiration. It occurs mainly through the the rate of photosynthesis? stomata. Stomata are small openings or pores found (a) Blue (b) Red abundantly on the lower surface of the leaves. These (c) Green (d) Yellow pores are called stomata. These openings are RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and 15. The four essential requirements for other organisms to convert light energy into chemical photosynthesis include : energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be (a) Parasites, food, chlorophyll and oxygen released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this (b) Chemicals, carbohydrates, water and chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, chlorophyll such as sugars and starches, which are synthesized (c) Chlorophyll, sunlight, carbon dioxide and from carbon dioxide and water – hence the water name photosynthesis, from the Greek phōs, "light", (d) Carbon dioxide, minerals, chlorophyll and and synthesis, "putting together". Photosynthesis took sunlight place in those rays of visible light spectrum having RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist wavelength from 350-750 nm. The process does not Ans.(c) During photosynthesis, in presence of take place in ultraviolet, green and infrared rays. The chlorophyll plants use light energy from the sun, carbon rate of photosynthesis is highest in red rays, lesser in dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to produce energy in the blue and least in green rays. form of glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) as a by- 11. What is the ultimate source of energy in product. plants? 16. What are the products formed during (a) Glucose (b) Chlorophyll photosynthesis? (c) Protein (d) Sun light (a) Glucose, Water and Oxygen RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) Glucose and Oxygen Ans.(d) The ultimate source of energy for all living (c) Starch and Oxygen organisms on earth is the Sun. Plants convert light (d) Starch, Water and Oxygen energy (obtained from sun) into chemical energy and RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I) prepare their food by the process of photosynthesis. Ans : (a) In the process of photosynthesis, green 12. Organisms that can make food themselves from plants synthesize organic food from CO2 and H2O in the simple substances are called: presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Glucose, water (a) Saprotrophs (b) Heterotrophs and oxygen are obtained as products during the process (c) Autotrophs (d) Holozic organisms of photosynthesis. Light RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 6CO2 +12H2O → Chlorophyll Ans.(c) The mode of nutrition in which organisms make Carbon dioxide +Water food themselves from simple substances is called C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O ↓ ↓ ↓ autotrophic nutrition. Plants are called autotrophs Glucose Oxygen Water animal and most other organisms take in food prepared by plants. They are called heterotrophs. 17. Photosynthesis occurs in which part of the plant? 13. Sugarcane plants are one of the most efficient (a) Branches and stems converters of ........... into chemical energy. (b) Leaf and other parts with presence of (a) Air (b) Sunlight chloroplast (c) Juice (d) Water (c) Leaf and stem RRB NTPC 11.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (d) Roots and roots juices. Ans.(b) Sugarcane plants are one of the effective RRB J.E. (02.06.2019, Shift-III) converters of sunlight into chemical energy. The Ans. (b) Photosynthesis occurs in the leaf of the plant photosynthetic efficiency is the fraction of light energy and other parts with the presence of chloroplasts. The converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis process by which the green plants make their own in plants and algae. Sugarcane is the most important food using sunlight and carbon-di-oxide (CO2) is converter of sunlight as the rate of photosynthesis is known as photosynthesis. high and it leads to maximum biomass production. 18. …….. is not a mode of heterotrophic nutrition. 14. Which gas is needed for photosynthesis? (a) Parasitic (b) Holozoic (c) Automatic (d) Saprotrophic (a) Carbon dioxide (b) Carbon monooxide RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-II) (c) Oxygen (d) Hydrogen Ans : (c) : Automatic nutrition is not a mode of RRB NTPC 08.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist heterotrophic nutrition. Automatic method is not re- Ans. (a) Photosynthesis is the process through which nourished. Heterotrophic nutrition is a mode of nutrition plants use water and carbon dioxide to create their food, in which organisms depend on other organisms for their grow and release excess oxygen into the air. Plant use food requirements. Heterotroph is an organism that is sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen, unable to synthesize its own food, and therefore, has to glucose and water. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a gas rely on other sources, specifically plant and animal required for photosynthesis. matter. 19. Which of the following processes remove (a) Sunlight (b) Oxygen carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? (c) Water (d) Carbohydrate (a) Photosynthesis (b) Biodegradation RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Electrolysis (d) Galvanization Ans. (d) Carbohydrates are utilized for providing RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist energy to the plant. The carbohydrates which are not Ans : (a) : By the process of Photosynthesis the carbon used immediately are stored in the form of starch which dioxide is removed from the atmosphere because plants serves as the internal energy reserve to be used when absorb or inhales carbon dioxide and exhales oxygen required by plant. from atmosphere in process of Photosynthesis. 25. Which of the following is the energy currency Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use for most cellular processes? sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to liberate oxygen and energy in the form of sugar. (a) ATP (b) Pyruvate (c) Glucose (d) ADP 20. Through which process will oxygen be released into the air? RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Photosynthesis (b) Respiration Ans. (a) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is a store house (c) Perspiration (d) Excretion of energy, also known as the currency of energy stored RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) in ATP is decomposed as per the requirement of the RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist organisms to release energy, in which various biological Ans : (a) Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that activities of the organisms operate. It is synthesized in takes place inside a plant, producing food for the plant our body in the mitochondria. to survive. Carbon dioxide, water and light are all 26. –––––––– is a quiescent form of phytochrome. needed for photosynthesis to take place and oxygen is (a) P660 (b) P760 released as waste product in this reaction. (c) P730 (d) P630 21. At what level of photosynthesis is glucose RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I) produced? Ans. (a) : Phytochrome is a photo receptor pigment (a) Light dependent reactions found in plants. It is sensitive to the red and infrared (b) Calvin cycle light of the visible spectrum of light. Many flowering (c) Fermentation plants use it to control flowering time based on (d) Oxidation phototrophic duration. The P660 is a quiescent form of RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) phytochrome. Ans : (b) Plants prepare their food through 27. Which of the following is not necessary for photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight. The second photosynthesis? level of photosynthesis involves the formation of (a) Sunlight (b) Oxygen glucose during the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle is a (c) Chlorophyll (d) Carbon dioxide series of biochemical redox reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplast in photosynthetic organisms. RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I) 22. The rate of photosynthesis is maximum in the Ans : (b) The formation process of carbohydrates in the light of which colour? presence of water, light, chlorophyll and carbon dioxide (a) Violet (b) Green in plants is called photosynthesis. Oxygen is released in (c) Red (d) Yellow photosynthesis. Therefore, oxygen is not required for photosynthesis. RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 28. …………… is not essential for photosynthesis. Ans. (c) In photosynthesis, as a result of the chemical reaction between carbon dioxide and water, glucose is (a) O2 (b) Sunlight formed and oxygen is released, this action also take (c) Chlorophyll (d) CO2 place under artificial light. It is most inert in red light. RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I) After red colour this action is highest in violet light. Ans. (a) : O2 (oxygen) is not essential for 23. Which part of desert plants such as Cactus photosynthesis. Chemical equation of photosynthesis is performs the process of photosynthesis? as follows: (a) Leaves (b) Stem Sunlight (c) Spines (d) Roots 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 Chlorophyll RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 29. What energy do plants use in the process of Ans. (b) The green stem of the Cactus plant contains photosynthesis? chlorophyll thus the stem is the centre of Photosynthesis (a) Solar energy (b) Chemical energy in the Cactus plants instead of the leaves. The leaves of Cactus are modified into spines, to prevent water loss (c) Kinetic energy (d) Thermal energy from the surface of leaves. RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II) 24. Which of the following are stored in the form Ans : (a) Plants use solar energy in the process of of starch which serves as an internal energy photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the chemical reaction reserve to be used when required by the plant? in which plants prepare food for themselves using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight 35. During which of the following processes, a with the help of chlorophyll present in the leaves. large amount of energy is released? 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O Sunlight → C6 H12 O 6 + 6H 2 O + 6O 2 (a) Fermentation Chlorophyll (b) Anaerobic respiration Glucose (c) Aerobic respiration 30. Which substance is present in green leaves to (d) Transpiration help in the process of photosynthesis? RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Stomata (b) The sunlight Ans : (c) A large amount of energy is released during (c) Chloroform (d) Chlorophyll the aerobic respiration process. Aerobic respiration is a RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II) biochemical process, which results in the production of Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. energy and carbon dioxide. This energy is stored as 31. The common transport form of sugar in plants chemical energy ATP, while carbon dioxide is released is ………. . into the atmosphere. (a) Glucose (b) Galactose 36. In which of the following processes, thermal (c) Sucrose (d) Fructose energy is produced? RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) (a) Respiration (b) Circulation Ans. (c) Sucrose is the common transport form of sugar (c) Excretion (d) Digestion in plants. RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (a) : Aerobic respiration is the process of (iii) Respiration breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen releasing energy. It takes place in mitochondria and is a 32. ............ takes place with the help of oxygen and multistep process which produces energy in the form of is responsible for the complete breakdown of ATP, carbon dioxide and water. glucose into CO2 and H2O. C6H12O6 + 6O2→6CO2 + 6H2O +673 K Cal (a) Anaerobic respiration Glucose Oxygen Carbon di-oxide + Water + Energy (b) Heart 37. The ........... process converts chemical energy (c) Aerobic respiration into thermal energy. (d) Lungs (a) Respiration (b) Transport RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Nutrition (d) Defecation Ans. (c) Aerobic respiration occurs with the help of RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III) oxygen and is responsible for the complete breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water by oxidation - Ans : (a) Respiration converts chemical energy into C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O thermal energy. (Glucose) (Oxygen) (carbon di-oxide) (water) 38. The first step in respiration is the breakdown of Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. It glucose into ……. produces energy by dissolving glucose into lactic acid (a) Pyruvate (b) Lactic acid or ethyl alcohol without oxygen (O2). (c) Ethanol (d) Carbon dioxide 33. Pyruvate splits in –––––– using O2. (a) Lysosome (b) Mitochondria RRB Group-D 16-12-2018 (Shift-II) (c) Nucleus (d) Vacuoles Ans. (a) The first step in respiration is the breakdown RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I) of glucose into pyruvate. Glucose is the simplest Ans. (b) : The citric acid cycle takes place in the matrix carbohydrate. It is soluble in water and the chemical of the mitochondria in which breakdown and complete formula is C6H12O6. It is the main source of energy conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA occurs. found in cashew, grapes, other fruits and also in beet Organisms derive the majority of their energy from the and sugarcane. Kreb's Cycle, also known as the TCA cycle. The Kreb's 39. Which organism can live without oxygen? Cycle is an aerobic process. (a) Aerobe (b) Anaerobe 34. Which of the following in biology is the energy (c) Parasite (d) Symbiotic currency of cells? RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) PTA (b) PAD Ans. (b) Anaerobe organisms can live without oxygen. (c) ADP (d) ATP RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II) (iv) Transportation in Plants Ans : (d) ATP is also called the energy currency of the cell. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic 40. Which of the following nutrients is provided to compound, which provides energy to the cell. The plants from soil ? energy produced by the consumption of food in the (a) Nitrogen (b) Hydrogen body, combines with ADP (adenosine diphosphate) as a (c) Carbon (d) Oxygen phosphate group to form ATP. RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans.(a) Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, three of the Ans. (c) : The absorption of water caused by osmosis essential plant nutrients, are taken up from atmosphere through root hair in plants . Osmosis is the movement and water. The other essential nutrients come from the of water through a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis soil. The major nutrients, or macronutrients, supplied by is spontaneous process.The direction and rate of the soil are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, osmosis depend upon the sum of two forces, pressure magnesium and calcium. gradient and concentration gradient. 41. Which tissue is responsible for transportation 46. In case of plants, nitrate absorbed from the soil: of water in plants? (a) is converted into urea. (a) Ribosome (b) Xylem (b) is converted to free nitrogen. (c) is converted into amino acids . (c) Chloroplast (d) Cytoplasm (d) is converted into ammonia. RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III) Ans. (b) The basic function of xylem is to transport Ans : (b) In the case of plants, the nitrate absorbed water from root to stem and leaves. Phloem transports from the soil is converted into free nitrogen. Nitrate is food materials to the whole plant body. Its basic an anion composed of oxygen and nitrogen elements. Its function is transport of food from source tissues. chemical formula is NO3. The salts produced by the 42. What is the function of phloem in plants? reaction of nitric acid on metals or their oxides are (a) It transports oxygen. called nitrates. Generally, nitrates are soluble in water. (b) It transports carbon dioxide. Nitrates absorb water vapor from the atmosphere. These are called hygroscopic substances. (c) It transports sugar. (d) It transports water. RRB NTPC 27.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (v) Plant Hormones Ans. (c) Xylem and phloem are vascular tissue. Phloem 47. ............promotes cell growth and cell transports the food produced by the leaves to the differentiation in plants. different parts of the plant whereas xylem transports the (a) Cytokinin (b) Abscisic acid water absorbed by the roots to the different part of the (c) Gibberellin (b) Auxin plant. RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I) 43. Which essential element is used in the synthesis RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III) of proteins and other compounds in plants? RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Potassium (b) Phosphorous Ans : (a) Cytokinin promotes cell growth and cell (c) Magnesium (d) Nitrogen differentiation in plants. RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 48. What is phytohormone? (a) Chemicals used for peeling Ans. (d) Nitrogen is an important component for the (b) Substances controlling disease synthesis of chlorophyll, protoplasm, proteins, and (c) Substances used for photosynthesis nucleic acids. The main nutrients used by plants are (d) Regulators synthesized by plants influencing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. physiological processes. Minor nutrients - Calcium, Magnesium and Sulfur. RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II) Micro nutrients - Iron, Zinc, Copper, Molybdenum, Ans : (d) Phytohormones, also known as plant Boron and Chlorine hormones, are produced in plants only. Phytohormones 44. What is the movement of the cell against the are responsible for giving certain shape to the plants, for concentration gradient called? seed development, flowering time, sex of flowers, (a) Active transport (b) Proliferation growth of leaves and senescence in plant etc. There are (c) Reverse osmosis (d) Osmosis mainly five types of hormones found in plants - auxin, RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene and abscisic acid. Ans. (a) Active transport is the transport where the Auxin hormone helps in phototropism of plants. direct expenditure of energy takes place and the 49. Which of the following is a plant hormone? molecules move against the gradient which is from (a) Estrogen (b) Chlorophyll lower concentration to the higher concentration. (c) Thyroxine (d) Auxin Tracheids and vessels are hollow tube-like structures RRB NTPC 22.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist that help in conducting water and minerals. They are Ans.(d) Auxin is a plant hormone which is responsible found in the primary and secondary xylem of vascular for all division in plants. It regulates growth, plants, they carry water and mineral salts from the root particularly by stimulating cell elongation in stems. Five of the plants to the leaves. kinds of hormones present in plants are – 45. The absorption of water caused by a process 1. Auxin through root hair in plants, is called : 2. Gibberellins (a) Respiration (b) Transpiration 3. Cytokinin (c) Osmosis (d) Imbibition 4. Abscisic Acid RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 5. Ethylene. 50. Plants bend towards light due to the diffusion Ans : (b) Auxin is a plant hormone that causes plant of the ………. hormone on the other side of the growth. It is found in vegetative parts of plants, while shoot. insulin, thyroxine and adrenaline are animal hormones. (a) Auxin (b) Cytokinin 55. ......... is concerned with cell division. (c) Abscisic acid (d) Gibberellin (a) Maleic hydrazide (b) Gibberellin RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-II) (c) Auxin (d) Cytokinin Ans. (a) The term auxin is used for indole-3 acetic acid RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II) (IAA) and other natural and synthetic compounds that Ans : (d) The first cytokinin was isolated from Herring have the ability to growth. They are usually formed on sperm in 1955 by Miller. Kinetin and zeatin acts to the tips of the stem & root and move to functional areas promote cytokinesis. Natural cytokinins are synthesized of plant. in regions where rapid cell division is occurring. e.g., Auxins like I.A.A. and I.B.A (indole butyric acid)is root apices, developing shoot buds, young fruits etc. extracted from the plant. Charles Darwin and his son Cytokinins overcome apical dominance. They promote Francis Darwin observed firstly the effects of light on nutrient mobilization that help in delay of leaf movement of canary grass (Phalaris canariensis) coleoptiles. The coleoptile is a specialized leaf senescence. originating from the first node which sheaths the 56. Zeatin is produced in ........... and is transported epicotyl in the plants seedling stage protecting it until it to ............ in the xylem where it promotes cell emerges from the ground. The coleoptile shows division. phototropism and responds to phototropic stimulus. (a) Shoots, roots (b) Roots, shoots 51. Dwarfness can be controlled by treating plants (c) Stems, leaves (d) Leaves, stems with: RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) (a) Cytokinin (b) Ethylene Ans : (b) Zeatin is produced in roots and is transported (c) Gibberellic acid (d) Auxin to shoots in the xylem where it promotes cell division. It RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III) is responsible for growth of lateral twigs in plant. Ans. (c) Dwarfness can be controlled by treating plants 57. Which of the following plant hormones inhibits with gibberellic acid. The gibberellins are plant growth and is responsible for wilting of leaves? hormones, especially abundant in seeds and young (a) Gibberellin (b) Abscisic acid shoots where they control stem elongation by (c) Cytokinin (d) Auxin stimulating both cell division and elongation. The RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist gibberellins are carried by the xylem and phloem. Parthenocarpic fruits are produced due to effect of Ans. (b) Abscisic acid (ABA) is an anti-growth plant gibberellic acid . hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including seed and bud dormancy, the 52. Growth hormone function - control of organs size and stomatal closure. It is (a) Rarely as a growth promoters. especially important for plants in the response (b) Sometimes as growth promoters and to environmental stress, including drought, soil salinity, sometimes as growth inhibitors. cold tolerance, freezing tolerance, heat stress and heavy (c) Always as growth inhibitors. (d) Always as growth promoters. metal-ion tolerance. RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I) 58. The concentration of which plant hormone is Ans : (d) Growth hormone is a protein-based peptide highest at the top of the plant and decreases as hormone. It promotes growth, cell reproduction and you get closer to the roots? reconstruction in humans and other animals. Growth (a) Ethylene (b) Gibberellin hormone is a 191-amino acid, single-chain polypeptide. (c) Auxin (d) Cytokinin 53. The universal natural auxin of plants is - RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) IBA (b) Citric auxin Ans. (c) Auxin is a plant hormone which is involved in (c) NAA (d) IAA cell growth and cell expansion, so it is produced RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III) primarily in parts of the plant that are actively growing Ans : (d) Auxin was first extracted from human urine. like the stem (specifically, the very tiptop of the stem). They are usually formed on the tips of the stem & root Auxin is transported in one direction in a plant – and move to functional areas of plant. downward from the top to the bottom, like a one-way • I.A.A. (indole 3-acetic acid) and I.B.A (indole road from the stem tip to the roots. It is the only plant butyric acid) are natural auxin. hormone known to do this. Therefore the concentration • N.A.A (Naphthalene acetic acid) and 2.4. D (2, 4, of auxin is highest at the top of the plant and decreases dichloro phenoxy acetic acid) is the synthetic auxin. as get closer to the roots, this controls the overall shape Synthetic auxins are extensively used as herbicides. of the plant. 54. Which of the following is not a hormone found 59. Which of the following helps in closure of in animals? stomata and abscission of leaves? (a) Insulin (b) Auxin (a) Abscisic acid (b) Gibberellin (c) Thyroxine (b) Adrenaline (c) Auxin (d) Cytokinin RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III) RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans. (a) : Abscisic acid (ABA) is often referred to as a Ans. (d) Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that inhibitory rather than stimulatory hormone. It is regulate various developmental processes, including involved in the closure of stomata, bud and seed stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, dormancy and is known to inhibit other hormonal flower development, and leaf and fruit senescence. GAs actions. Abscisic acid acts as growth inhibitor, i.e, this are one of the longest-known classes of plant hormone. plant hormone inhibits growth of plant. Its main function is as follows: 65. ………… is not a plant hormone. (1) Abscisic acid stimulates the closure of the stomata (a) Adrenaline (b) Auxin in the epidermis. (c) Gibberellin (d) Abscisic acid (2) Abscisic acid blocks cell division, that is why RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I) abscission of fruits and leaves occur. Ans. (a) Adrenaline is not a plant hormone. It (3) It involves in seed dormancy and is generally originates from adrenal gland of human. It is also called associated with negative-feedback interactions or 'fear, fight and flight' (F3) hormone. stress-related environmental signals such as Plant hormones are: drought, freezing temperatures and environmental 1. Auxin pollutants. 2. Gibberellin 60. Which of the following plant hormone inhibits 3. Cytokinin growth? 4. Abscisic acid (a) Cytokinin (b) Gibberellin 5. Ethylene (c) Abscisic acid (d) Auxin RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II) (vi) Plant Movements Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. 61. In plants , Cytokinins . . . . . . 66. 'Tropism' mostly refers to the- (a) Promote cell division. (a) Directional growth of a plant (b) Inhibit growth. (b) Longevity of animal species (c) Help in growth of stem. (c) Bird migration (d) Stimulates cells to grow longer. (d) Behavioral patterns of human RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IInd Ans : (a) Cytokinin is a plant hormone. Cytokinins are found in sites of active cell division in plants—for Ans : (a) Tropism refers to the response or orientation example, in root tips, seeds, fruits, and leaves. They are of a plant to directional external stimulus like transported in the xylem and work in the presence of gravitation, sunlight etc that acts with greater intensity auxin to promote cell division. Cytokinin plays from one direction to another. Forms of tropism include significant role in chlorophyll retention and induces phototropism (response to light), geotropism (response seed germination. Cytokinins also delay the senescence to gravity), chemotropism (response to particular of leaves and promote the expansion of cotyledons. substances), hydrotropism (response to water), 62. ................ promotes cell division. thigmotropism (response to mechanical stimulation), (a) Abscisic acid (b) Auxin traumatotropism (response to wound lesion), and (c) Cytokinin (d) Gibberellin galvanotropism, or electrotropism (response to electric RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II) current). Most tropic movements are orthotropic; i.e., Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. they are directed toward the source of the stimulus. 63. The hormone secreted in plants due to which Plagiotropic movements are oblique to the direction of its stem bends towards sunlight is called- stimulus. Diatropic movements are at right angles to the (a) Gibberellin (b) Cytokinin direction of stimulus. (c) Ascorbic acid (d) Auxin 67. What does phototropism mean? RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III) (a) Movement of plants towards light. Ans. (d) : Auxin is a plant hormone that produces a (b) Specialised protoplasm from which arises a curving of the plant stem tip toward the light, a plant cilia. movement known as phototropism. Auxins promote stem (c) Union between unequal gametes. elongation, inhibit growth of lateral buds. They are (d) Movement of plants towards water and produced in the stem, buds, and root tips. They have moisture. similarity in functional affect with IAA (indole-3-acetic RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I) acid) Tropism reactions of shoot and roots in plant related Ans. (a) Phototropism is the phenomenon by which to directional external stimulus like gravitation, sunlight the plant bends in the direction of external stimulus etc influence by concentration of auxins. sunlight. 64. Which of the following plant hormones helps in 68. The movement of a sunflower facing the sun is the growth of plant stems? called: (a) Ethylene (b) Cytokinin (a) Movement (b) Rotation (c) Abscisic acid (d) Gibberellin (c) Phototropism (d) Locomotion RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (c) The movement of a sunflower facing the sun is 2. The roots, stems and leaves of some plants called phototropism. Phototropism is the general grow new plants through process of ............. . response of a plant towards light for its growth. (a) Fission (b) Multiple fission 69. The growth (movement) of a plant part (c) Vegetative propagation towards the stimulus is called: (d) Regeneration (a) Positive phototropism RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III) (b) Negative tropism Ans : (c) The roots, stems and leaves of some plants (c) Positive tropism grow new plants through process of vegetative (d) Negative phototropism propagation. Vegetative reproduction involves the RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III) formation of new plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is Ans. (a) The growth (movement) of a plant part towards a form of asexual reproduction of a plant. Only one plant is the stimulus is called positive phototropism. Tropism involved and the offspring is identical to the parent. It refers to the response or orientation of a plant to mainly involves the mitosis, example: ginger, potato etc. directional external stimulus like gravitation, sunlight 3. Which of the following method of reproduction etc that acts with greater intensity from one direction to in which new plant is genetically identical to another. the parent plant ? 70. The growth (movement) of a plant part (a) Vegetative reproduction towards the stimulus in absence of light is (b) Regeneration (c) Fission called: (d) Sexual reproduction (a) Negative tropism RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III) (b) Positive tropism Ans : (a) Vegetative reproduction involves the formation (c) Negative phototropism of new plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is a form of (d) Positive phototropism asexual reproduction of a plant. The new plant is RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I) genetically identical to the parent. New plants grow from Ans : (c) Tropism is defined as the movement of a plant parts of the parent plant. or a part of a plant in response to a certain stimuli. 4. After fertilization, the......... develops into seeds. Phototropism is defined as the orientation of the plant in (a) Stigma (b) Ovary response to sunlight. Negative phototropism is the (c) Ovule (d) Egg movement of plant or its part in absence of sunlight. RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I) Negative phototropism occurs in root of plant, they Ans. (c) After fertilization, the ovules develop into grow in opposite direction of light ,i.e, deep inside the seeds. Ovule means the egg of a seed. In any seed- ground to absorb nutrients from the soil. producing plant, the ovules are structures where female reproductive cells are formed and stored. 15. Reproduction in Plants 5. Which of the following methods of reproduction is adopted by unicellular organisms? 1. Which type of reproduction allows greater (a) Fission (b) Regeneration variation to be generated? (c) Fragmentation (d) Budding (a) Binary fission Ans. (a) Fission, also called binary fission, occurs in (b) Asexual reproduction prokaryotic microorganisms and in some invertebrate, (c) Multiple fission multi-celled organisms. After a period of growth, an (d) Sexual reproduction organism splits into two separate organisms. Many RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) single-celled organisms reproduce by binary fission RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I) (e.g., Amoeba, Paramecium) by mitosis, where a cell RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I) divides into two halves and each rapidly grows into an adult. Ans. (d) Sexual reproduction is the main cause of biological variation. It is because of errors in DNA 6. …….. spreads through the stem. copying and modes of sexual reproduction. In sexual (a) Bryophyllum (b) Rose reproduction, since two parents are involved, the (c) Bryophylla (d) Tamarind offspring will have combination of characters which RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I) will lead to variation. Genetic variation is the source of Ans. (b) : The plant of rose spreads through the stem. evolution, without it a species would die out. If the Vegetative reproduction involves the formation of new genetic variation is less, there will not be diversity in plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is a form of asexual the traits and the species would find it hard to adapt to reproduction of a plant. The new plant is genetically the changes and go extinct. So it is important for a identical to the parent. New plants grow from parts of the species to be genetically diverse. parent plant. 7. In a plant, the seed contains the embryo which Ans : (b) Vegetative propagation involves the formation develops into a seedling under appropriate of new plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is a form conditions. This process is known as: of asexual reproduction of a plant. The new plant is (a) Germination (b) Cross- pollination genetically identical to the parent. New plants grow (c) Pollination (d) Transpiration from parts of the parent plant such as: In garlic, flowers RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist are transformed into bulbs and these bulbs are Ans. (a) Seeds contain embryo which develop into a developed in new plants. seedling when grown under appropriate conditions. The 13. In which of the flowering plants are buds endosperm inside the seeds helps in the growth and development of the embryo. It has starch as stored produced in the notches along the leaf margin? nutrition which allows the rapid growth of embryo. This (a) Bryophyta (b) Bryophyllum process is called germination. (c) Banana (d) Rose 8. Which of the following plants has 'hidden RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-I) reproductive organs'? Ans. (b) In Bryophyllum, vegetative reproduction (a) Ipomoea (b) Deodar occurs through leaves. Leaves of Bryophyllum have (c) Pinus (d) Marsilea adventitious buds which help in vegetative RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist reproduction. The adventitious buds arise from the Ans. (d) A cryptogams is a plant or plant like organism notches present at margins of leaves. These buds then that reproduces by spores, without flowers or seed grow into a new plant plants are buds produced in the cryptogamae means 'hidden reproduction' referring to notches along the leaf margin. the fact that no seed is produced. Thus, cryptogams 14. Which of the following is not a pollinating represent the non-seed bearing plants. e.g. Marsilea. agent for cross pollination? 9. In a plant, which of the following is converted (a) Water (b) Animals into seeds? (c) Wind (d) Plants (a) Stigma (b) Ovary RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I) (c) Style (d) Ovule Ans : (d) Pollination takes two forms: RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I) (1) Self pollination Ans : (d) In a plant, ovule is converted into seeds. After post fertilization ovary converts into fruits, ovule into (2) Cross pollination seeds, ovary wall and fruit wall respectively. Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther 10. Parthenocarpy is defined as: is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or (a) Development of roots with fertilization. another flower on the same plant. Cross-pollination is (b) Development of fruits with fertilization. the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to (c) Development of roots without fertilization. the stigma of another flower on a different individual of (d) Development of fruits without fertilization. the same species. Cross-pollination is always dependant RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I) on another agent to cause the transfer of pollen. The Ans : (d) Parthenocarpy is defined as development of agents of pollination include birds, animals, water, fruit without fertilization. It is a type of asexual wind, and insects. Based on the agent of pollination, reproduction in which the egg develops without the cross-pollination can be of different types: fusion of male gametes. Examples-Crepis, Parthenium. (1) Hydrophilous flowers-These flowers are 11. Which of the following serves as a nutritive pollinated by water means. tissue for the growing embryo? (a) Ovule (b) Ovary (2) Zoophilous flowers– In this type of pollination, the (c) Endosperm (d) Zygote pollinating agents are animals like human beings, RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II) bats, birds etc. Ans : (c) A triploid primary endospore nucleus, a (3) Anemophilous flowers– These flowers are nutrient structure, is developed in embryosac as the pollinated by the wind. result of double fertilization and triple fusion. This is (4) Entomophilic flowers– These flowers are called endosperm. Endosperm is the most important pollinated by insects. nutritive tissue. Endosperm serves as source of food Apart from these, other artificial methods are also material to the growing embryo and also to seedling in angiosperms. adopted. 12. Identify a type of asexual reproduction which 15. The group of crop plants that are vegetatively involves reproduction through parts of the propagated is: plant such as roots, stem and leaves? (a) Potato, papaya and banana (a) Fragmentation (b) Sugarcane, potato and banana (b) Vegetative propagation (c) Groundnut, drum stick and cashew nut (c) Fission (d) Budding (d) Onion, coriander and lime RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III) RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III) Ans : (b) The group of sugarcane, potato and banana 20. Through which of the following methods, crop plants are the main crops grown by vegetative plants can be grown by single parent plant in propagation . In these plants, new plants are developed disease free condition ? from a particular part of the parent plant. It is a type of (a) Regeneration (b) Spore formation asexual reproduction. (c) Tissue culture (d) Sexual reproduction RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-III) 16. Which part of the plant is specialized to Ans : (c) Tissue culture is the process by which the reproduce asexually in a Runner (grass)? plants are produced in artificial conditions by using (a) Flower (b) Root growth hormone as a growth and differentiation factor. (c) Stem (d) Leaf tissue is isolated from any part of the disease free plant RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III) and it is cultured in the nutrient media under standard Ans. (c) : The stem is a part of the plant specialized to lab conditions. The tissue grows into a mass of cell reproduce asexually in a Runner (grass). Asexual known as callus which differentiates into root and reproduction is a mode of reproduction in which a new shoots in the presence of auxin and cytokinins offspring is produced by a single parent. The new respectively and finally turns into the new plant. The individuals produced are genetically and physically obtained plant is subculture into a number of the plant identical to each other, there is no role of gametes in by the process of micro propagation. asexual reproduction. There are six types of it: 21. Plant that does not grow by vegetative (1) Fission (2) Budding (3) Spore formation propagation: (4) Regeneration (5) Fragmentation (a) Banana (b) Rose (4) Vegetative propagation (c) Orange (d) Papaya 17. The onset or recovery of normal development RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) by a latent or dormant embryo is called ....... Ans : (d) Papaya does not grow by vegetative (a) Seed dormancy propagation. Banana, rose and orange are propagated (b) Fruit bunch or fruit set vegetatively. Vegetative propagation or vegetative (c) Germination reproduction is the process of multiplication in which a (d) Ripening of fruits portion of fragment of the plant body functions as RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III) propagates and develops into a new individual. Ans : (c) The growth of a seed into a young plant or a 22. The seed of a plant is consists of the …….of the seedling is called germination. Seed dormancy can be next plant. defined as the state or a condition in which seeds are (a) Stigma (b) Ovule prevented from germinating even under the favourable (c) Ovary (d) Embryo environmental conditions for germination including, RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II) temperature, water, light, gas, seed coats, and other Ans. (d) : The seed of a plant is consists of the embryo mechanical restrictions. of the next plant. The growth of a seed into a young plant or a seedling is called germination. At the time of 18. In which of the following types of reproduction, germination, a small plant starts to emerge from the only one parent is involved? seed. This happens mainly when the seed gets the (a) Asexual reproduction favourable environment and substances. (b) Sexual reproduction 23. A reproduction in which a branch of plants (c) Multiple fission starts to grow separately, is called ………. (d) Binary fission (a) Vegetative reproduction RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Fission Ans. (*) : Reproduction means to reproduce. It is a (c) Sexual reproduction biological process by which an organism reproduces an (d) Regeneration offspring who is biologically similar to the organism. RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) Reproduction enables and ensures the continuity of Ans : (a) A reproduction in which a branch of plants species, generation after generation. It is the main starts to grow separately, is called vegetative feature of life on earth. Reproduction includes asexual reproduction. Vegetative reproduction is also known as reproduction and sexual reproduction. vegetative propagation .Fragmentation is a type of Note - This question has been cancelled by the RRB. vegetative reproduction. This type of vegetative 19. The transfer of pollen from the anthers of one reproduction is commonly met within filamentous flower to the stigma of the same plant is called forms of algae, e.g., Ulothrix, Spirogyra, etc. The ……. . fragmentation of colonies also takes place in several (a) Regeneration (b) Transpiration blue green algae, e.g., Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece, Nostoc, etc. (c) Sexual reproduction (d) Pollination RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I) 24. Asexual reproduction occurs in - (a) Highly developed animals Ans : (d) Pollination is defined as the placement or (b) Plants transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the (c) Under developed animals same flower or another flower. It is mainly of two types (d) Under developed animals and plants - 1. Self-pollination 2. Cross-pollination. RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) A sexual reproduction occurs in under Ans : (d) Budding, binary fission and fragmentation are developed animals and plants. Asexual reproduction is all three types of asexual reproduction, while cross the primary form of reproduction for single-celled fertilization is a type of sexual reproduction. organisms such as the archaebacteria, eubacteria, 30. Pollination by wind is called : cyanobacteria like Nostoc and protists like Amoeba. (a) Hydrophily (b) Pollinophily Many plants (algae like Chlamydomonas) and fungi (c) Anemophily (d) Herbophily reproduce asexually. It is a process by which new RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist organisms arise without production of seeds or spores. Ans : (c) Pollination by wind in flowers is called This method of reproduction is completed without anemophily and these flowers are called anemophilous fertilization. flowers. ex, maize. Pollination by water is called 25. Pollen grains are produced by. . . . . hydrophily. (a) Anther (b) Ovary 31. Pollination is …………………… . (c) Stigma (d) Filament (a) Transmission of pollen from stigma to anther RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III) (b) Production of pollen in plants Ans : (a) Pollination is defined as the placement or (c) Transmission of pollen from anther to stigma transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the (d) Development of pollen tube in spore. same flower or another flower. Pollination is mainly of RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) two types – (1) Self-pollination Ans : (c) Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains (2) Cross pollination. from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the same Therefore, pollen grains are produced by the anther. or another flower. Pollination occurs in two ways - Pollen is the actual male gametes. (1) Self–Pollination (2) Cross–Pollination 26. Pollination is followed by. . . . . . . . . (a) Differentiation (b) Spore formation (c) Fertilization (d) Transpiration 16. Economic Importance of RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I) Animals and Plants Ans : (c) Pollination is defined as the placement or transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the 1. Which fungus is also used as a fungicide? same flower or another flower. Pollination is followed (a) Trichoderma harzianum by fertilization, i.e, after pollination, stamens, sepals (b) Microsporidia and petals either fall off or remain attached to the fruit. (c) Basidiomycota 27. Which of the following reproduce through stem (d) Haemophytes of the plant? RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) (a) Bryophyllum (b) Rose Ans : (a) Trichoderma harzianum is a soluble organic (c) Tamarind (d) Bryophyta fungicide. The fungus Trichoderma species are free- RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I) living fungi that are very common in root ecosystems Ans. (b) : The rose reproduces through the stem of the and are effective biocontrol agents of several plant plant. The rose is a woody perennial flowering shrub, pathogens. Trichoderma harzianum is an effective having sharp appendages as prickles. The scientific name biocontrol agent against several fungal soil-borne plant of rose is Rosa indica. It belongs to family Rosaceae. pathogens. They have an inhibitory effect on the growth 28. Which of the given below is present in the of mycelium of Pythium. They suppress the growth of fungi in order to allow the plant to grow favorably. carpels? (a) Pollination (b) Ovule 2. .......... can be used as an olfactory indicator - (c) Petals (d) Sepals (a) Vanilla (b) Gosseberry RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Tamarind (d) Alum Ans. (b) : Ovule is present in the carpels. Ovary form RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) the base of the pistil. The ovary holds the ovules. RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) Ovules are the egg cells of a flower. Nucellus is the Ans : (a) Vanilla is used as an olfactory indicator. It central part of ovule in which embryo sac is present. It belongs to family Orchidaceae, it is used in perfume is a mass of parenchymatous cells and forms the major making in the beauty cosmetics industry. It is the only part of the ovule. Endosperm is the nutritive structure orchid widely used for industrial purposes in flavoring formed from triple fusion that provides nutrition to the such products as foods, beverages and cosmetics, and is developing embryo. recognized as the most popular aroma and flavor. 29. Which of the following is not a mode of asexual 3. Which of the following is the best source of reproduction? Omega-3 fatty acids? (a) Budding (b) Binary Fission (a) Corn oil (b) Sardines (c) Fragmentation (d) Cross fertilization (c) Spinach (d) Wheat products RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) Ans. (b) Sardines are best source of Omega-3 fatty 9. Which plant is called 'Green Gold'? acids. Sardines are small silvery elongated fishes with a (a) Neem (b) Tulsi single short dorsal fin. It is food fishes of the herring (c) Bamboo (d) Ginger family. Clupeidae. RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 4. The process of separating cotton fibers from Ans. (c) Bamboo is called ‘Green Gold’ because it is seeds is called: becoming increasingly more valuable in the global (a) Ginning (b) Carding economy. It belongs to the grass family and it is one of (c) Scutching (d) Spinning the fastest growing plant. Millions of Indians rely on RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist bamboo for a part of their entire livelihoods. India is the world's second largest cultivator of bomboo after China. Ans. (a) Cotton is obtained from cotton balls. These balls burst and open on maturing after which white 10. Name the plant from which the anti-malarial drug Quinine is extracted? strands of cotton fibre are visible. The process of separation of cotton fibres from seeds is known as (a) Cinchona (b) Eucalyptus ginning. (c) Dandelion (d) Basil RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 5. For treatment of which of the following is the bark of the Arjuna tree primarily used? Ans.(a) Quinine, the anti-malarial drug is extracted from the bark of Cinchona. Cinchona is a genus of (a) Tuberculosis (b) Skin disease flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at (c) Heart disease (d) Inflammation least 23 species of trees and shrubs. RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 11. Which of the following is a source of quinine? Ans. (c) The bark of Arjuna tree has been used in India (a) Cinchona (b) Neem for more than 3000 years, primarily as a heart remedy. (c) Bamboo (d) Teak Arjuna tree is also used for bile duct disorders, scorpion RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) stings and poisonings. An Indian physician named Ans. (a) Cinchona is a source of quinine. Vagbhata has been credited as the first to used this 12. Quinine, a common medication for malaria, is product for heart condition in the 7th century A.D extracted from the barks of ............ trees. 6. Which fibre crop is used for making coarse (a) Beech (b) Eucalyptus cloth, bags, sacks and decorative items? (c) Cinchona (d) Maple (a) Hemp (b) Hoopvine RRB NTPC 16.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Jute (d) Cotton Ans.(c) Malaria is caused by the bite of female RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Anopheles mosquito. It is a parasite disease caused by Ans. (c) Jute is one of the most affordable natural Plasmodium. In treatment, the drug quinine is fibres. Jute fibres are composed primarily of the plant commonly used which is obtained from bark of material cellulose and lignin. Jute is used in making of Cinchona trees. ropes, mats, bags, sacks, etc. Jute is mainly of two 13. Which Indian spice did the Indian government types: challenge the US patenting the force them to – White Jute revoke it? – Dark Jute (a) Mustard (b) Clove India is the largest producer of jute in the world. (c) Turmeric (d) Cardamom 7. Which of the following medicinal plant can be RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist used to treat blood pressure? Ans.(c) Indian government challenges the US for (a) Jamun (b) Tulsi patenting turmeric and forces then to revoke it. (c) Sarpagandha (d) Babool American K. Das and Hari Har P. Cohly of the RRB NTPC 08.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist University of Mississippi medical center put a claim to the US patent and trademark office, maintaining that Ans. (c) Sarpagandha is taken from the roots of a plant they had discovered hold's healing properties. In March named Indian snakeroot and is a vital drug in Ayurveda 1950, they received a patent for Haldi medication. used for high blood pressure, asthma and insomnia. 14. Litmus solution is extracted from ………. . 8. Taxol is extracted from which plant? (a) Hydrangea (b) Petunia (a) Yew (b) Chir (c) Geranium (b) Lichen (c) Chir (d) Neem RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (d) : Litmus solution is a purple dye, which is Ans. (a) Taxol is mainly extracted from Yew tree. It is extracted from Lichen, a plant belonging to division mainly found in mountainous regions of Northern Thallophyta and is commonly used as an acid-base hemisphere. In India, it is mainly found in Himalayan indicator. It is a natural indicator. This solution is regions. Taxol is an anti-cancer drug, and used in lung neither acidic nor alkaline. Lichens are considered good breast & ovarian cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma. indicators of air pollutants. 15. The process of increasing soil fertility through 20. Which of the following is not a plant product? earthworms is called: (a) Jute (b) Rubber (a) Organic farming (b) Vermi composting (c) Teak (d) Honey (c) Eutrophicatio n (d) Worm casting RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) Ans : (d) Honey is not a plant product. Honey is a Ans : (b) The process of increasing soil fertility sweet, viscous food substance made by honey bees. through earthworms is called vermicomposting. Bees collect honey and produce wax, while jute, rubber Vermicompost is the product of the decomposition and teak are plant products. process using various species of worms, usually red 21. Which of the following is reared for fleece / wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms, to create fiber? a mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, (a) Alpaca (b) Alabama bedding materials, and vermicast. This process is called (c) Apache (d) Alluvial vermicomposting, while the rearing of worms for this RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist purpose is called vermiculture. It is a natural, complete Ans : (a) The Alpaca belongs to the camel family and and balanced diet for all types of crops. resembles the llama.It is valued for its wool and reared 16. Antibiotic Penicillin is obtained from fungi mainly in South America. Australia is the world's ………. . leading producer and dominant exporter country of (a) Neomycin (b) Streptomycin premium quality fine wool. Chemicals are used in (c) Penicillium (d) Erythromycin manufacturing of wool from soft grass.Merino wool is RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist produced in Australia mainly. Kashmir, Punjab, Ans : (c) Antibiotic is a type of chemical substance , Rajasthan are leading wool producer states in India. produced by some microorganisms. It can retard growth 22. Which of the following is rich in dietary fiber? or kill other disease causing microorganisms. The (a) Ice cream (b) White bread Antibiotic Penicillin is obtained from fungus (c) Apples (d) Noodles Penicillium notatum. RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) 17. Which of the following is not a lucrative insect? Ans. (c) Apples are rich in dietary fiber. Dietary fiber (a) Termite (b) Lac insect also called roughage or bulk includes the parts of plant (c) Silk moth (d) Honey bee foods that our body can't digest or absorb Examples of RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist dietary products are barley, lentils, peas, Soy milk and Ans.(a) Those species of insects which help in Soy products etc. pollination, pest control and crop production are called 23. Usually, the twig of which tree is used to clean ‘beneficial’ or friend of farmers while termites are not teeth? beneficial insects. These insects are lac insect, bee, silk (a) Mango (b) Neem moth etc. (c) Teak (d) Banana 18. ---------is also called 'Golden Fiber' RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-II) (a) Maize (b) Wheat Ans. (b) Usually, the twig of neem tree is used to clean (c) Jute (d) Rice teeth. Ans. (c) : Jute is known as the golden fiber. That's an 24. Which among the following animals usually appropriate name for the yellowish brown, shiny, pulls buggy? natural vegetable fiber produced from plants of genus (a) Camel (b) Horse corchorus. India is the largest producer of Jute and India (c) Donkey (d) Cow is followed by Bangladesh and China. Indian state West RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) Bengal is the largest producer of Jute. Ans. (b) Usually, horse pulls the buggy. 19. Silk is obtained from: 25. Which plant is used in Ayurveda for improving (a) Bombyx mori (b) Musca domestica memory? (c) Culex (d) Butterfly (a) Basil (b) Vasaka RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Brahmi (d) Amla RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) Ans.(a) Silk is a natural protein fiber produced by the larvae of certain specific insects like caterpillars of Ans. (c) Brahmi plant is used in Ayurveda for moths. It is mainly composed of fibroin. There are 4 improving memory. Brahmi is a therapeutic herb natural silk varieties, namely Mulberry silk, Tasar silk, commonly used as a memory enhancer, aphrodisiac and Muga silk, and Eri silk. The best-known silk is obtained a health tonic. from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry 26. Soil fertility in paddy fields can be improved by silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity (sericulture). …………. . Silk was first discovered in China. India is the only (a) Potassium chloride (b) Blue green algae country to produce all five known commercial varieties (c) Gypsum (d) Sodium chloride of silk (Mulberry, Tropical Tasar, Oak Tasar, Eri, and RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) Coral). Most of the mulberry silk variety is produced in Ans. (b) Soil fertility in paddy fields can be improved the country. by blue-green algae (BGA). 27. Generally, Moroccan leather is obtained from 4. A genetically modified version of Brinjal was the skin of : developed. What was its purpose? (a) Cow (b) Camel (a) Make draught resistant (c) Goat (d) Boar (b) Improve its storage life RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) (c) Make pest resistant Ans. (c) : Moroccan leather is a soft, pliable form of (d) Improve its taste leather widely used for gloves,shoes, book bindings, RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist wallets, linings for fine luggage. In the 16th century, the Ans.(c) The genetically modified (GM) Bt brinjal in finest grades of Morocco leather are goatskin, but by the India has been developed mainly for insect resistance. late 19th century other skins often are also substituted in Through genetic engineering Bt toxin genes were practice. isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated 28. From which part of the plant do we get coffee? into the several crop plants such as Cotton, Brinjal. (a) Bark (b) Leaf (c) Roots (d) Beans 5. Reproducing new plants through cells instead of vegetative parts or seeds is called: RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Tissue culture (b) Regeneration Ans. (d) We get coffee from beans plant. Coffee (c) Multiple fission (d) Binary fission contains a substance called caffeine, has a mild stimulating effect. It is a popular beverage. Coffee is RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) produced in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu in India. Ans : (a) Reproducing new plants through cells instead of vegetative parts or seeds is called tissue culture. Plant 17. Genetic Engineering and tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under Biotechnology sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. The success for plant tissue culture 1. Which of the following includes genetic is based on the principle called totipotency. In 1902, engineering? Haberlandt was the first scientist to produce whole (a) Globalisation (b) Bloodless revolution plants from plant tissues and so he is popularly called as (c) Green revolution (d) Gene revolution the 'Father of Tissue Culture’. RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 6. To pinpoint a criminal, Forensic department Ans. (d) : Genetic engineering is the process of using uses the technique called: recombinant DNA technology to alter the genetic (a) DNA Editing makeup of an organism. Genetic engineering involves (b) DNA Slicing the direct manipulation of one or more genes. (c) DNA Fingerprinting 2. Biotechnology means - (d) DNA Amplification (a) Technical study of bacteria. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II) (b) Technical study of chemicals in the body. Ans : (c) To pinpoint a criminal, forensic department (c) Infusion of technology in human anatomy. uses the technique called DNA fingerprinting. All the (d) Use of living organisms in industrial processes. cells of a person, whether it is blood or skin or sperm or RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist hair, all carry same DNA. DNA profiling (also called Ans : (d) Biotechnology involves using living DNA fingerprinting) is the process of determining an organisms in the production of food and medicine. individual's DNA characteristics. DNA fingerprinting is Methods of genetic engineering, that involve the a forensic technique in criminal investigations, modification of genes, are used in this branch of comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA. It was bioscience. Humans have used biotechnology since the developed in 1984 by Geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in the dawn of civilization. It dates back several thousand United Kingdom. years to when people inadvertently discovered the DNA editing - is related to human embryo. usefulness of single-celled organisms like yeasts and DNA slicing - is related to changes in genes. bacteria in bakery and production of wines, beer, DNA amplification - is related to gene clones. cheese, vinegar, natural medicines, etc. 7. Who isolated DNA for first time? 3. Which of the following genetically modified (a) Friedrich Miescher (GM) crops has been given permission to be (b) Albrecht Kossel legally cultivated in India? (c) Phoebus Levene (a) BT Cotton (b) BT Potato (d) James Watson and Francis Crick (c) GM Mustard (d) BT Brinjal RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 02.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (a) D.N.A was isolated by Friedrich Miescher Ans.(a) Bt cotton is the only genetically modified (GM) for first time. DNA is found in chromosomes of living crop that has been approved for commercial cultivation cells. It contains four nucleotides called adenine, in 2002 by the Government of India. guanine, thymine and cytosine. 8. In 2013, the first human liver was grown from 12. Find odd one out regarding genetic engineering. stem cells in ………. . (a) Bt cotton (b) Golden Rice (a) Japan (c) Amflora (d) Okra (b) United States America RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Germany Ans : (d) Bt cotton, Golden Rice and Amflora are (d) France varieties of cotton, rice and potato developed by genetic RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist engineering respectively whereas Okra is a vegetable, Ans : (a) In 2013, the first human liver was grown also known as 'Ram taroi'. It is not developed by genetic from stem cells in Japan. Stem cells are cells which engineering. have the capacity to mature into cells with the characteristic shapes and specified functions of other 13. In which of the following processes, the cell cells in the body, such as heart, skin, muscle and nerve comprises another living part or origin of exact cells. Such cells are microscopic in size and can be copy of a complete organism? found in all multi-cellular organisms. Research into (a) Cloning stem cells grew out of findings by Canadian biologists (b) In-Vitro Fertilization Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till at the (c) Fertilization University of Toronto in the 1960. (d) Regeneration 9. What does CRISPR mean? RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I) (a) Category Regularly-Interspaced Short Ans. (a) : A clone can be defined as an individual Palindromic Reserve organism that is grown from a single body cell of its (b) Category Regularly-Interspaced Short parent and that is genetically identical to it. The process Palindromic Repeats of creating an exact copy of a biological unit (e.g. a (c) Clustered Regularly-Interspaced Short DNA sequence, cell, or organism) from which it was Palindromic Repeats derived especially by way of biotechnological methods, (d) Categorically regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats is called cloning.The cloning process involves the RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist creation of an exact copy of the cell of another living Ans : (c) CRISPR is short form for "Clustered part or a complete organism. Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats". It is 14. Who is known as the father of DNA a technique to produce desired results by changing Fingerprinting in India? genes. It is cheaper, faster and more accurate than all (a) Sir Alec Jeffreys (b) P.S .Rao the techniques used for DNA editing. This technique (c) Mukesh Sharma (d) Lalji Singh allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) modify gene function. Its many potential applications Ans : (d) Dr. Lalji Singh is known as the father of include correcting genetic defects, treating and DNA Fingerprinting in India. He was belonged to preventing the spread of diseases and improving crops. Jaunpur originally. He is also well known for his 10. What is another name for genetic engineering? contribution in the molecular basis of sex determination, (a) DNA Fingerprinting wildlife conservation, forensics and evolution and (b) DNA editing migration of humans. He has also been a former director (c) Recombinant DNA technology of the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology (d) Genetic treatment (CCMB) in Hyderabad. He was also the Chancellor of RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II) the Banaras Hindu University. Ans : (c) Recombinant DNA technology is popularly known as genetic engineering. The technology used for producing artificial DNA through the combination of 18. Major Biologist/Inventions different genetic materials (DNA) from different sources is referred to as Recombinant DNA technology. 1. Who discovered Penicillin? It is a technique by which the genetic disorders of (a) Ian Fleming organism are improved by altering the DNA of (b) Alexander Fleming organism. (c) Stephen Hawking 11. Which of the following is not an example of a (d) Alexander Graham Bell transgenic crop? RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB (a) Brinjal (b) Spinach NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Tomato (d) Maize RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (b) Spinach is not an example of a transgenic Ans : (b) Sir Alexander Fleming, a Scottish researcher, crop. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a plant of the is credited with the discovery of Penicillin in 1928. Amaranthaceae family, which leaves and stems are used Stephen William Hawking was an English theoretical as herb. Mineral salts and vitamins are found in physicist, cosmologist, and author and Alexander sufficient amounts in Spinach. Graham Bell invented the telephone. 2. Which of the following was the first antibiotic Ans. (b) Theophrastus is known as the 'Father of discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928? Botany'. Aristotle is called 'Father of Zoology and (a) Penicillin (b) Prontosil Biology'. Antoine Lavoisier is known as the 'Father of (c) Streptomycin (d) Tetracycline Chemistry'. Father of physics is Issac Newton. RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) 8. Who is the father of Medicine? ALP Stage -II 22.01.2019 (shift - II) (a) Hippocrates (b) Archimedes RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Aristotle (d) William Harvey Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. RPF SI 24.12.2018 (Shift - I) 3. Who invented the Smallpox vaccine? Ans. (a) : Hippocrates was a Greek physician who is (a) D Rutherford (b) Louis Pasteur considered as one of the most outstanding figures in the (c) Edward Jenner (d) James Chadwick history of medicine. He is referred as the Father of Medicine. He was born in Greece in 460 BC. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist 9. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is famous for the RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist discovery of …………. . Ans. (c) Smallpox vaccine introduced by Edward (a) Microscope (b) Nylon Jenner in 1796 was the first successful vaccine to be (c) Laser (d) Radio valve developed. Edward Jenner was a British Physician and RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) scientist who pioneered the concept of Vaccines, which Ans : (a) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch are derived from Variola vaccine (Smallpox of cow). scientist who was the first to observe bacteria and 4. Who invented pacemaker for first time? protozoa by his own-made microscope in 1666. (a) Virginia Apgar (b) John Hopps 10. Louis Pasteur is known for discovery of: (a) Polio vaccine (c) Christiaan Barnard (b) Chicken pox vaccine (d) Earle Dickson (c) Small pox vaccine RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III) (d) Rabies vaccine Ans : (b) Canadian electrical engineer John Hopps RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist invented the first pacemaker in 1950. A cardiac Ans : (d) Louis Pasteur is known for discovery of pacemaker is a medical device that generates electrical 'rabies vaccine' and 'pasteurization of milk' while impulses delivered by electrodes to cause the heart 'smallpox vaccine' was discovered by Edward Jenner muscle chambers to contract and therefore pump blood; and 'polio vaccine' was discovered by Jonas. E. Salk. by doing so this device regulates the function of the electrical conduction system of the heart. The primary 11. The oral polio vaccine was developed by ………. . purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart (a) Edward Jenner (b) Alexander Fleming rate. (c) Albert Sabin (d) Jonas Salk Virginia Apgar (obstetrical anesthesiologist) is related RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist to Apgar Score. Ans : (c) The oral polio vaccine was developed by Christiaan Barnard is concerned with first human heart Albert Sabin. Smallpox vaccines were invented by transplant. Edward Jenner. Alexander Fleming, the inventor of the Earle Dickson was inventor of adhesive bandages Penicillin, was a biologist and pharmacist of Scotland. (Band-Aid). 12. What is the name of the instrument designed 5. The Polio vaccine was discovered by: by Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose to measure (a) Isaac Newton (b) Marie Curie plant growth? (c) Jonas Salk (d) Albert Einstein (a) Crescograph (b) Cardiograph RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Polygraph (d) Telegraph RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (c) Polio is a virus- borne disease that occurs in Ans : (a) A crescograph is defined as the device which children mostly. The Polio vaccine was discovered by is used for measuring the growth in plants. Sir Jagadish Jonas Salk. India has been declared polio free country Chandra Bose, an Indian botanist and biologist invented by WHO on the 27 March, 2014. In 1995, India this device in 20th century. launched Pulse Polio immunization program with 13. Crescograph, an instrument used to measure Universal Immunization Program which aimed at 100% plant growth, was invented by ………………. . coverage. (a) Hyder Ali (b) Satyendra Bose 6. Who prepared the first effective polio vaccine? (c) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (a) Louis Pasteur (b) Robert Edwards (d) Jagadish Chandra Bose (c) John Gibbson (d) Jonas E. Salk RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II) RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III) Ans : (d) Crescograph, an instrument used to measure Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. plant growth, was invented by Jagadish Chandra Bose 7. Theophrastus is called the father of: in 1919. He had deep knowledge of Physics, Biology, (a) Chemistry (b) Botany Botany and Archeology. He was an Indian physicist (c) Physics (d) Zoology who pioneered the investigation of radio optics and RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist microwaves. 14. What did Edward Jenner pioneer? Ans : (b) Robert Edwards was awarded the Nobel Prize (a) Vaccination (b) Electrocution for Medicine for the invention of in-vitro fertilization (c) Dialysis (d) Open heart surgery technology in the year 2010. Three american scientists RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Jeffrey C Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Ans : (a) Edward Jenner pioneered vaccination. The Young have been awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize for smallpox vaccine, introduced by Edward Jenner in Medicine for important research done on the subject of 1796, was the first successful vaccine to be developed the human body's internal biological rhythm. The 2018 while polio vaccine was developed by Jonas Salk and Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded to James P. Albert Bruce Sabin. Allison (USA) and Tasuku Honjo (Japan) for their 15. Dr. Salim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was famous research of cancer immunotherapy. as: 19. Name the famous biologist with whom the (a) Ornithologist Galapagos Islands is associated. (b) Surgeon (a) Johann Gregor Mendel (c) Lawyer (b) Ernst Haeckel (d) Computer Scientist (c) Carl Linnaeus RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (d) Charles Darwin Ans : (a) Dr. Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was an RRB NTPC 20.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Indian ornithologist and naturalist. Sometimes referred Ans.(d) British Biologist, Charles Darwin made some to as the ‘Birdman of India’, Salim Ali was the first important studies in 1835 on Galapagos Islands which Indian to conduct systematic bird surveys across India played an important role in his therory of Evolution. and wrote several bird books that popularized These islands are a part of Ecuador which is to the south ornithology in India. He received Padma Bhushan in the of Pacific Ocean. It is located at a distance of 1000 kms, category of Civilian Award in the field of Science and from the continent of South America. Engineering in 1958 and was honoured by the 20. Who is considered the first botanist? Government of India with Padma Vibhushan in 1976. (a) Theophrastus (b) Plato 16. Which of the following instrument is used for (c) Pliny (d) Archimedes measuring growth in plant? RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Bolometer (b) Crescograph Ans. (a) Theophrastus is believed to be the first botanist. (c) Chronometer (d) Cardiograph 21. Who is the father of Immunology? RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Edward Jenner Ans. (b) Crescograph is a device used for measuring (b) Antony Von Leuwenhoek the growth in plants. It was invented by Sir Jagadish (c) Robert Koch Chandra Bose in 1928. Besides crescograph, (d) Carl Linnaeus auxanometer is also used for measuring the growth of RPF Constable 03.02.2019 (Shift - I) the plant in terms of length. Ans. (a) : Edward Jenner is known as father of Bolometer – This instrument is used for measuring heat Immunology, who is much famous for his contribution radiation. towards eradication of smallpox. Chronometer– measures accurate time of a fixed location. Cardiograph – It registers movements of the heart 19. Miscellaneous graphically. 1. How is Nacre, the technical term for an extract 17. Who performed the world's first human heart from the inside of a shell, better known as? transplant? (a) Garnet (b) Onyx (a) Norman Shumway (b) Christiaan Barnard (c) Nikolai Sinitsyn (d) James Hardy (c) Mother-of-pearl (d) Opal RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (b) On 3 December 1967, a large medical, Ans.(c) Nacre also known as mother of pearl, is an nursing, and technical team led by the surgeon organic-inorganic composite material produced by some Christiaan Barnard performed the world’s first human molluscs as an inner shell layer, it is also the material of to human heart transplant, placing Groote Schuur which pearls are composed. Pinctada vulgaris is the Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. ECG refers to mother of pearl. cardiac functioning. Inadequate blood supply to heart 2. Endemic species are those species of plants and leads to heart attack. animals that ....... 18. Name the physiologist who won the nobel prize (a) Are found roaming freely in cities around the in 2010 for invention of in-vitro fertilization world technology? (b) Are found only in a particular region (a) James Watson (b) Robert Edwards (c) Are harmful to the environment (c) Lewis Brown (d) Joshua Lederberg (d) Depends on air and water for survival RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) : Endemic species are those plants and animals Ans : (b) Statement A is false but Reason R is true. that exist only in one geographical region. Species can Earthworms are good for agriculture, they break down be endemic to large or small areas of the world. Some the soil into fine particles and make it soft, that is why, may be endemic to the particular continent; some are earthworm is called friend of farmer. endemic to a part of a continent, and others to a single 8. The plants that grow in salt water are called: island. In simple words, "Endemic species are those that (a) Hydrophyta (b) Halophyta are found in just one region and nowhere else in the (c) Macrophyta (d) Xerophyte world." For example, Kangaroos (Australia), Asiatic RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) Lion (Gir Forest, Gujarat), Sangai Deer (Keibul Lamjao Ans. (b) : A halophyte is a plant that grows in waters of National Park, Manipur), Lion- Tailed macaque high salinity, coming into contact with saline water (Western Ghats of south India), Nilgiri Tahr (Tamil through its roots or by salt spray, such as in saline semi- Nadu and Kerala) etc. deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs and 3. Endemic species are those species of plants and seashores. Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass)is best animals which are _______. example of it. (a) Found in a particular area 9. ........... is a parasitic plant. (b) Found only forests (a) Orchid (b) Leach (c) In very good health (c) Teak (d) Cuscuta (d) Suffering from an epidemic RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (d) Cuscuta is a parasitic angiospermic plant. It Ans. (a) See the explanation of above question. produces fruits and seeds. They are leaf- and rootless 4. What is most likely cause for food poisoning? parasites and grow on their host plants without touching (a) Eating food spoilt by microorganisms the soil. Their haustoria penetrate their host plants to (b) Eating frozen foods extract water and nutrients. Dodder vines fuse their (c) Eating home cooked food vascular systems with those of its host plants, (d) Eating food with preservatives connecting them with its network. Its vine and seeds are RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist used as medicine. Ans. (a) Food poisoning, also called food borne illness, 10. The disease related with apple is known as: this illness caused by eating contaminated food. (a) Fire blight (b) Red rust disease Infectious organisms including bacteria, viruses and (c) Tikka disease (d) Green ear disease parasites or their toxins are the most common causes of RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist food poisoning. 5. What is the medico-legal name given to the Ans. (a) Fire blight is a plant disease, caused by the dissection and study of a dead human body? bacterium Erwinia amylovora, that can give infected (a) Analysis (b) Causa Medico plants a scorched appearance. This plant disease is (c) Autolepsy (d) Autopsy mainly related to apple. RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III) 11. ..........., is a chemical present in cork cells that Ans. (d) The medico-legal name given to the dissection prevents the entry of gases and water into and study of a dead human body is autopsy. them. 6. In desert plants, the epidermis has a thick (a) Qutin (b) Safranin waterproof coating of …………. . (c) chitin (d) Suberin (a) Cellulose (b) Lignin RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Pectin (d) Cutin Ans. (d) : Suberin is a chemical present in cork cells RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III) that prevents the entry of gases and water into them. Ans. (d) : In desert plants, the epidermis has a thick Suberin is found in the phellem layer which is the waterproof coating of waxy substance called cutin outermost part of the bark. which is secreted by the subcutaneous cells. This 12. In the context of the implementation of restricts the loss of water through transpiration. medicines on the human body, match the 7. An Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given following: below: 1. Receptors a. Catalysts Assertion (A): Earthworms are not good for 2. Enzymes b. Neurologically active agriculture. 3. Tranquilizers c. Proteins Reason (R): Earthworms break down the soil (a) 1–c, 2–a, 3–b (b) 1–a, 2–c, 3–b into fine particles and make it soft. (c) 1–b, 2–a, 3–c (d) 1–a, 2–b, 3–c Select the correct one. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper) (a) A is true but R is false. Ans : (a) Receptors - Receptors are protein molecules (b) A is false but R is true. that absorb chemical sensations from outside the cell. (c) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Enzymes play significant role of catalysts in chemical explanation of A. reactions in the human body. (d) Both A and R are false. Tranquilizer - Tranquilizer is a drug known to have an RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist effect on the central nervous system (CNS). 13. _____ is NOT a carnivorous plant. 18. Which of the following is NOT an abiotic (a) Corkscrew (b) Sundew component? (c) Tiger Lily (d) Monkey cup (a) Water (b) Sun light RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Soil (d) Green Plant RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) : There are currently around 630 species of carnivorous plant known to science. These plants are Ans. (d) : An abiotic factor (component) is a non-living meat-eating plants consume insects, reptiles and small part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. For mammals to absorb nutrients. Monkey cup , Corkscrew, example:– water, sunlight, soil, minerals, gases, Sundew, Venus flytrap, Pitcher plant and Cobra lily are humidity etc. some of the carnivorous plants, names. So out of given Green plants are biotic factors (components). plants tiger lily is not a carnivorous plants. 19. Tendu, Amaltas, Bel are common trees found in which type of forests in India? 14. Bamboo flowering causes: (a) Tropical thorny forests (a) Land to becomes infertile (b) Moist deciduous forests (b) An increase in pests and insects (c) Montane forests (c) A decrease in rainfall (d) Dry deciduous forests (d) An increase in the population of rats RRB NTPC 20.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (d) : Dry Deciduous Forest :–These forests are Ans. (d) : Bamboo flowering causes an increase in the found in western Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, population of rats. Bamboo is known to attract rats, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu providing both a nesting place and desirable food and in arid regions of Deccan plateau. source. Characteristics–These are prevalent in warm, arid 15. What is the scientific name of India's national regions, where to the annual average rainfall ranges bird, the Indian peacock? between 50 to 100 cms. The temperature also remains (a) Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn high throughout the year. (b) Prosopis cineraria Species–The important trees found are Teak, Sal, (c) Pavo cristatus Tendu, Palas, Rosewood, Satinwood, Amaltas, Bel, Lendi etc. (d) Strigiformes 20. When animal feed on other dead animal, which RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist had died naturally or had been killed by Ans. (c) : The scientific name of India's national bird, another animals, this relationship is termed as: the Indian peacock is Pavo cristatus. The scientific (a) Predation (b) Competition name of national flower is Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn (c) Scavenging (d) Symbiosis (Lotus) and scientific name of national animal is RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) Panthera tigris (Tiger). Ans : (c) When animal feed on other dead animal, 16. Which of the following is a herbicide? which had died naturally or had been killed by another (a) BHC (b) 2, 4-, D animals, this relationship is termed as Scavenging. (c) DDT (d) Aldrin Scavenger has both carnivorous and herbivorous feeding behavior in which the scavenger feeds on dead RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist animal and plant material present in its habitat. Ans. (b) : 2, 4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is an Scavengers play an important role in the ecosystem by organic compound, which is used as a herbicide. consuming the dead animal and plant material. 17. Animals often blend in with their surroundings 21. Host of the red rot disease of plant is: for protection. Which of the following do that? (a) Wheat (b) Rice (a) Cats (b) Turtles (c) Sugarcane (d) Cotton (c) Chameleons (d) Jerboa RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) RRB NTPC 11.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (c) : Red rot is one of the oldest known diseases of sugarcane. Red rot of sugarcane disease is caused by Ans (c) Camouflage, also called cryptic coloration, is a Glomerella tucumanensis. The first external evidences defense or tactic that organisms use to disguise their of disease are the drooping, withering, and finally appearance, usually to blend in with their surroundings. yellowing of the upper leaves. This is followed by a Organisms use camouflage to mask their location, identity, similar wilting of the entire crown, and finally the entire and movement. This allows prey to avoid predators, and plant shows indications of disease. Diagnostic for predators to sneak up on prey. For example symptoms can best be observed by splitting the stalk Chameleons change colors in order to communicate. When lengthwise. The infected tissues have a dull red color a chameleon is threatened, it does not change color to interrupted by occasional whitish patches across the blend in to its surroundings. It changes color to warn other stalk.The best way to control red rot is to select setts for chameleons that there is danger nearby. planting from healthy plants in a disease- free area. 22. Which of the following gases is not generated in 28. Recently, a species of bird known as a biogas plant? 'Himalayan Forest Thrush' was found in : (a) CO (b) H2S (a) Dehradun (b) North East India (c) CH4 (d) CO2 (c) Uttarakhand (d) Ladakh region RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II) RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans : (a) : Biogas is primarily composed of methane Ans : (b) The 'Himalayan Forest Thrush' is a species of gas, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of nitrogen, bird , found in the Himalayan forests in Northeastern hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. The gases generated India. This new species was discovered in 2016. It is the from the biogas plant are- first Indian bird named after great Indian ornithologist Methane (CH4) - 55–75%, carbon dioxide (CO2) - 25– late Salim Ali. The scientific name of the bird is Zoothera salimalii. 50% and some amounts of hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor whereas carbon 29. India has developed the first vaccine for monoxide (CO) is not generated in biogas plant. bluetongue disease, mainly found in: (a) Chicken (b) Dog 23. In plants, carbohydrates which are not used (c) Sheep and goats (d) Monkeys immediately are stored in the form of: RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Fatty acids (b) Amino acids Ans : (c) : The disease is seen most often in sheep, (c) Starch (d) Fat occasionally in goats, and rarely in cattle, caused by RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III) Bluetongue virus (BTV) . Bluetongue virus affects Ans : (c) Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate many domestic and wild ruminants.Signs of bluetongue formed by the attachment of numerous glucose units by include fever, excessive salivation, depression, and glycosidic bonds. It is found only in plants. difficulty breathing. Animals may have nasal discharge 24. The age of the tree is determined by: and reddened and ulcerated muzzle, lips, and ears. (a) From the radius of its stem 30. What is the APGAR scale? (b) Number of annual rings (a) Scale for measuring the height of mountains (c) Number of branches (b) Time measurement scale (d) From the circumference of its stem (c) Scale to determine the physical condition of a RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) newborn Ans : (b) Age of tree can be determined by counting the (d) Longevity Scale annual growth rings in its trunk. Each ring represents RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist one year, and the ring's thickness reveals the relative Ans : (c) The Apgar score is a simple method of amount of rainfall that year.The age of a tree can be quickly assessing the health and vital signs of a estimated by the number of concentric rings on a cross- newborn baby. It was created by Dr. Virginia Apgar in 1952. The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the section of its trunk. newborn baby on five simple criteria on a scale from 25. How is the age of the tree calculated? zero to two, then summing up the five values thus (a) By measuring its circumference obtained. The resulting score ranges from 0 to 10. The (b) By measuring its height five criteria are Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity (c) By counting the number of branches and Respiration. (d) By counting the number of annual rings 31. The process of optimizing fat content in milk is RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) called .......... . Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Vitamin fortification (b) Pasteurization 26. Which of the following techniques is used to (c) Standardization (d) Homogenization know the age of the tree in years? RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Counting the number of branches Ans : (c) The process of optimizing fat content in milk (b) Counting the number of annual rings is called standardization. Standardization of milk refers (c) Measurement size of bark to the adjustment which means rising or lowering of fat (d) Counting of season of its flowering. and solids.The standardization of milk is commonly RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II) done in case of market milk supply and also in case of Ans : (b) The age of the tree is measured by counting manufacture of milk products. The milk must have 3 % the annual rings. to double toned 1.5% fat. Homogenization is a mechanical treatment of the fat 27. Rhinoscope is an instrument for examining the globules in milk brought about by passing milk under …………. . high pressure through a tiny orifice, which results in a (a) Brain (b) Eye decrease in the average diameter and an increase in (c) Nose (d) Ears number and surface area, of the fat globules. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-I) Pasteurization is heat-treatment process that destroys Ans : (c) The rhinoscope is a thin tube-like instrument pathogenic microorganisms in certain foods and used to examine inside the nose. A rhinoscope has a beverages. Vitamin fortification or fortification of food light and a lens for viewing and may have a tool to has been implemented to prevent or control deficiencies remove tissue. of minerals, vitamins and micronutrients. 32. Which of the following is used to measure and cushions internal organs to help prevent damage to obesity? tissues.It provides energy for regular body functions. (a) PMI (b) BMI Stem cells are special human cells that are able to (c) AMI (d) KMI develop into many different cell types. Umbilical cord, RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist fetus and blastocyst are type of stem cells. Ans :(b) BMI is used to measure obesity. The most 36. An assertion and a reason are given below. common approach to measuring obesity is the Body Assertion: (A): Penguins are birds, found in the Mass Index (BMI), which is calculated by dividing a hottest regions of the Earth. person’s weight in kilograms by his or her height in Reason (R): Birds in hot areas do not have metres squared (kg/m2). This value is then matched to a wings. weight classification on a BMI chart, where Select the corret option: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity are (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct defined based on specific cut-offs which is presented explanation of A. below: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct Underweight <18.5 explanation of A. Normal range 18.5–24.9 Overweight 25–29.9 (c) A is true, but R is false. Obesity 30–39.9 (d) Both A and R are false. Severe obesity ≥40 RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 33. What is Aestivation? Ans : (d) Penguin is a bird living in the coldest (a) Animal sleep regions of the Earth. Although, almost all penguin (b) Death due to lack of food species are native to the Southern Hemisphere. Highly (c) Water retention adapted for life in the water, penguins have (d) A stage in dreaming countershaded dark and white plumage and flippers for RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist swimming. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and Ans. (a) When animals take rest in shady and moist other forms of sea life which they catch while place during summer, it is called Aestivation or swimming underwater. They spend roughly half of their Estivation. Aestivation is also known as summer lives on land and the other half in the sea. Hence, option sleep.It is also known as animal sleep. It occurs to the (d) is correct. animals living in deserts or tropical areas. It occurs 37. Which of the following statements is true with because of the hot and dry climate as well as due to the respect to Glucometer? lack of food and water. It occurs to the animals living in (a) It is a medical device. deserts or tropical areas. In order to survive under hot (b) It is a non-medical device. climate, the vertebrates like arthropods, mollusca, (c) It is used to measure oxygen level in the air reptiles, amphibians, (lady beetles, moths, salamanders, (d) It is used to measure nitrogen level in the air. crocodiles and tortoises of North America, aborigines, swamp turtle greater siren, African hedgehogs) proceed RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist by going underground in the humid and cold region. Ans: (a) Glucometer is a medical device. Glucometer is This last for the summer season and the animals get used to measure glucose level in blood . This device active slowly at the end of the season. allows diabetics to check blood pressure at regular 34. What is Geotropism? intervals without any help at home. It is also used to (a) Growth of plants in response to Gravity measure hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) levels. (b) Growth of plants in response to Sunlight 38. Bloodless surgery is done with: (c) Growth of plants in response to Nutrients (a) Lasers (b) Microneedles (d) Growth of plants in reponse to Water (c) Scalpels (d) Fine scissors RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans : (a): Geotropism is the growth of plants in Ans : (a) Bloodless surgery is done with lasers. Laser response to Gravity. Mechanism theory about the equipment is used in bloodless surgery, laser treatment, geotropism. Were first given by N. Cholodny (1927) surgery in the medical field. Laser technology proved to and Frits Went in 1928. be helpful in important diseases like cancer. 35. Which of the following is not a type of stem Microneedles: It is a skin treatment technique. cell? Scalpels: Relates to facial beauty. Fine scissors– To cut (a) Umbilical cord (b) Fetus and separate the soft tissues (c) Blastocyst (d) Fat 39. India's livestock disease monitoring and RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist forecasting system is named as : Ans : (d) Fat is not a type of stem cell. Fat serves as a (a) Cattle Safety Laboratory vehicle for delivering fat-soluble vitamins, and it can (b) Animal Safety Laboratory also store these nutrients as insurance against a (c) Biosafety Laboratory deficiency. Dietary fats can come from both animal and (d) Vital Monitoring Laboratory plant sources. It provides structure to cell membranes RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans : (c) India's livestock disease monitoring and 44. Below is given a statement followed by some forecasting system is named as Biosafety Laboratory. It conclusions. You have to take the given is located in National Botanical Research Institute statements to be true even if they seem to be at (NBRI), Lucknow. variance from the commonly known facts and 40. In 2010, where was the first successful full face then decide which of the given conclusions transplant performed? logically follows from the given statement. (a) Turkey (b) France Statement: (c) Spain (d) Germany The leaves of the cactus plant are thick and RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist require less water. Conclusions: Ans : (c) In 2010, doctors in Spain successfully I. All plants with thick leaves require less implanted a young man's face. He claims that such a water. transplant has been done for the first time in the world. II. Cactus can be grown in places where there Some time ago a young man had become a victim of an is less water. accident, due to which he was unable to swallow (a) Only conclusion I follows anything and breathe. A team of 30 doctors completed it (b) Only conclusion II follows after surgery for about 2 days. (c) Both I and II follow. 41. Which of the following is an example of (d) Neither of them follows. parasitic plant? RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist (a) Pitcher plant (b) Amarbel cuscuta Ans : (b) Cactus is a zoological clan of flora known (c) Venus flytrap (d) Moss for its dry and desert conditions and its thorn-filled form RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist by collecting water in its thickly bloated stems. Thus Ans : (b) Nepenthes, also called tropical pitcher plant or only conclusion II follows. monkey cup, genus of carnivorous pitcher plants that 45. Because of its ability to form a thick gel-like make up the only genus in the family solution, ……… is used commercially in the Nepenthaceae.These plants mainly grow in sandy preparation of jellies, jams, and marmalades. coastal swamps or moist places. (a) Peptide (b) Pectin Amarabel cuscuta is a parasitic herbal plant. Amarbel is (c) Peptone (d) Lactose widely used in the treatment for a headache, labour RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III) pain, bone fracture, fever and rheumatism. Ans. (b) Because of its ability to form a thick gel-like The Venus flytrap is a carnivorous plant native to solution, pectin is used commercially in the preparation subtropical wetlands. of jellies, jams, and marmalades. Moss is a rootless plant. It grows on bark and rocks in moist places. 46. In tissue culture, cells are placed in an artificial 42. What is English ivy? medium where they divide rapidly to form (a) A famous football league small groups of cells, called –––––––––––. (b) A purple colored flower (a) Thallus (b) Bud (c) A common poisonous plant in USA (c) Plantlets (d) Callus (d) A type of English tea RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans. (d) : In tissue culture, cells are placed in an Ans : (c) English ivy is a poisonous plant found in the artificial medium where they divide rapidly to form USA. It is quite famous for its ability to produce small groups of cells, called Callus. urushiol, a skin irritant substance causes agonizing, 47. In plants, the process of taking up permanent itching rashes. shape, size and function is called ........ . (a) Respiration (b) Maturation 43. Which of following animals releases molecular (c) Transpiration (d) Differentiation oxygen into water? RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I) (a) E. coli (b) Amoeba (c) Salmonella enterica (d) Phytoplankton Ans. (d) In plants, the process of taking up permanent RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd shape, size and function is called differentiation. For example, the cells formed in the apical meristem, Ans : (d) Phytoplankton, which release molecular cambium etc., are first identical but later differentiated oxygen into the water through photosynthesis are into different forms due to differentiation, such as unicellular organisms found in the oceans. They make xylem, phloem. their own food by harvesting energy from the sun, carbon dioxide and nutrients present in the upper 48. ––––––– flower leaves do not indicate the presence of acid or alkali in a solution. surface of the ocean. E. coli, Amoeba and Salmonella (a) Petunia (b) Geranium enterica are not all three photosynthetic organisms. (c) Hydrangea (d) Jasmine Therefore ,oxygen will not be obtained from them. RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans. (d) : The leaves of flowers like Petunia, Geranium Ans : (b) Stomach secretions are made up of and Hydrangea indicate the presence of acid or alkali in hydrochloric acid, several enzymes, and a mucus a solution whereas Jasmine leaves do not. There are coating that protects the lining of stomach. many other natural materials like red cabbage leaves, Hydrochloric acid helps body to break down, digest, turmeric, coloured petals of some flowers such as and absorb nutrients such as protein. It also eliminates Hydrangea, Petunia and Geranium, which indicate the bacteria and viruses in the stomach, protecting body presence of acid or base in a solution. These are called from infection. Indigestion may be caused by stomach acid coming into contact with the sensitive, protective acid-base indicators or sometimes simply indicators. lining of the digestive system (mucosa). The stomach 49. One of the studies …….. conducted was to do acid breaks down the lining, leading to irritation and with the role of earthworms in soil fertility. inflammation, which can be painful. Milk of magnesia, (a) JBS Haldane (b) Harold C Urey a mild alkali used as an antacid works when the (c) Stanley L Miller (d) Charles Darwin hydroxide ions combine with the hydrogen ions in HCL RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III) to reduce the excess activity in the stomach. Milk of Ans : (d) Role of earthworms in soil fertility was one of magnesia helps to flush the intestines by stimulating the studies conducted by Charles Darwin. An intestinal motility. earthworm is commonly called as farmer's friend as 53. The development of a pollen tube is an they provide many advantages and services of value for important stage of ………………. in soil the crops. They help in the formation of vermicompost adaptation. as when they eat, they leave behind castings that are a (a) Pinophyte (b) Bryophytes very valuable type of fertilizer. They cause (c) Spermatophytes (d) Psychrophytes fragmentation of the dead organic matter. They increase RRB Group-D 01-12-2018 (Shift-II) the amount of air and water that gets into the soil, Ans. (c) The development of a pollen tube is an facilitating aeration and increasing drainage. important stage of spermatophytes in soil adaptation. 50. –––– fills the space inside the organs, supports 54. Sugarcane is normally grown by ………. . internal organs and helps in tissue repair. (a) Layering (b) Cutting the stem (a) Vein (b) Fat (c) Grafting (d) Seed (c) Ligaments (d) Areolar RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (b) Sugarcane is normally grown by cutting the Ans. (d) Areolar connective tissue is found between the stem. Sugarcane are usually propagated by the cutting skin and muscles, around blood vessels and nerves and method. The sections of the stalk of immature cane used in the bone marrow. It fills the space inside the organs, for planting are known as seed cane.These are sown in supports internal organs and helps in repair of tissues. field beds. Under favourable conditions, each bud 51. Which of the following statements is correct? germinates and produces a plant. (a) Paramecium and Plasmodium belong to the 55. Match the following: same kingdom as that of Penicillium. (1) Skin A. Adipose tissue (b) Lichen is a composite organism formed from (2) Cartilage B.Stratified squamous symbiotic association of an algae and a epithelium protozoan. (3) Skeletal muscles C. Striated muscles (c) Yeast used in making bread and beer is a (4)Subcutaneous layer D. Surface of joints fungus. (a) 1–A, 2–B, 3–C, 4–D (d) Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of Protista. (b) 1–D, 2–C, 3–B, 4–A RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I) (c) 1–B, 2–D, 3–C, 4–A Ans. (c) Yeast is a type of fungus, which is used in (d) 1–B, 2–D, 3–A, 4–C making bread, beer, pizza and cakes etc. RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III) 52. Select the correct option from the following. Ans. (c) : a. Hydrochloric acid is produced in the 1. Skin → Stratified squamous epithelium stomach. 2. Cartilage → Surface of joints b. During indigestion, the stomach produces excessive amounts of acid and causes pain 3. Skeletal muscles → Striated muscles and heartburn. 4. Subcutaneous layer → Adipose tissue c. To get relief from this pain, people use alkali substances called antacid. 56. .............combines with O2 present in our body d. Milk of magnesia, a mild alkali, is often cells and provides energy. used as an antacid. (a) Glycogen (b) Sugar (a) Only a and b (b) a, b, c and d (c) Pyruvate (d) Amino acids (c) Only a, b and c (d) Only a RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) Ans : (b) Sugar combines with O2 present in our body 63. Which of the following is not a form of cells to provide energy. It is found in fruits, grapes, monosaccharide Sugar? sugarcane etc. (a) Galactose (b) Glucose 57. The sound of a human voice is produced from (c) Fructose (d) Maltose the vocal cord by ………. . RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IIst (a) Transfer (b) Bustle Ans : (d) Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all three (c) Vibration (d) Movement monosaccharides, while maltose is oligosaccharide, a disaccharide that is derived from hydrolysis of maltose RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II) into two units of glucose. Ans : (c) The sound of a human voice is produced from 64. Genetic variation between distinct populations the vocal cord by vibrations. The rate of vibration of the same species is known as- determines the pitch of the voice. The thin voice of (a) Ecosystem diversity women is due to the higher pitch and the thick voice of (b) Bio diversity men is due to the lower pitch. (c) Species diversity 58. Which of these substances is present in (d) Genetic diversity tobacco? R.R.B. JE. Stage - II 30-08-2019 (Shift - III) (a) Morphine (b) Hashis Ans. (d) : Genetic variation between distinct (c) Nicotine (d) Caffeine populations of the same species is known as genetic RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II) diversity. Ans. (c) Morphine is produced by opium poppy. 65. Generally, contact lenses are made of : Hashish is present in Cannabis. (a) Teflon (b) Hydrogel Caffeine is found in fruit leaves and beans of coffee, (c) Nylon (d) Mica coca and guarana plants. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-I) Nicotine is present in tobacco. Ans : (b)Usually,contact lenses are made of hydrogels. 59. What is called the plant adapted to live in arid This is used as corneal correction and disease treatment lens. or physically dry habitat? (a) Hydrophyte (b) Halophyte 66. Which of these forest plants/trees have roots submerged under the water? (c) Xerophyte (d) Mesophyte (a) Mangrove forest RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) (b) Tropical deciduous forest Ans. (c) Plants that are adapted to live in arid or very (c) Thorny forest and shrubs dry environments are called xerophytes. Their (d) Pine forest adaptations may help them increase water intake, RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist decrease water loss, or store water when it is available. Ans. (a) Mangrove forest plants/trees are one of the few 60. Which part of human being grows at the rate trees that grow and thrive even when its roots are of about half –an- inch per month? continually submerged under the water. They are a (a) Small intestine (b) Large intestine group of trees and shrubs that generally grow in coastal (c) Hair (d) Nail saline or brackish water. Tropical deciduous forest, also RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II) called monsoon forests occur in regions with heavy rainfall for part of year followed by a marked dry Ans. (c) The hair of human being grows at the rate of season. The largest Mangrove forest of India are about half -an- inch per month. Sundarbans of West Bengal. 61. Which of the following is the characteristic 67. Which one of the following is micronutrient feature of a virus? used for crop plants? (a) Virus multiplies only on hosts. (a) Potassium (b) Calcium (b) Virus comprises of fat and carcinogen. (c) Magnesium (d) Iron (c) Viruses does not need any medium for grow. RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (d) Virus breed fast on dead animals only. Ans. (d) Micronutrients are essential for plant growth RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II) and play an important role in balanced crop nutrition. Ans. (a) : Virus multiplies only on hosts- it is the They include Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), characteristic feature of a virus. Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), and Chlorine (Cl) . 62. Which one of the following is not an 68. Which of these animals is generally found in insectivorous plant? cold regions? (a) Prothallus (b) Pitcher-plant (a) Rhinoceros (b) Giraffe (c) Venus fly trap (d) Sundew (c) Polar bear (d) Hippopotamus RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans. (a) Prothallus is not an insectivorous plant. Ans. (c) Polar bear are generally found in cold regions.