Class 6 Science Elements and Compounds Notes

Chinmaya Vidyalaya
Koramangala, Bangalore
Subject: Science – Chemistry
Chapter: Elements, Compounds, Symbols and formulae
Exercise - 1
Answer the following:
3. Ans:
A substance of a definite composition which has consistent properties
throughout, is called a pure substance.
Types of pure substances are:
1. Elements
2. Compounds
4 (a). Ans:
Elements: An element is defined as a pure substance made up of only
one kind of atoms that cannot be converted into anything simpler than itself
by any physical or chemical process.
4(b). Ans:
Compound: Compounds are pure substances formed by the chemical
combination of two or more elements in a definite proportion by mass.
5(a). Ans:
Metals: Gold, Silver
Non-metals: Diamond, Graphite
Metalloids: Boron, Silicon
Noble gases: Helium, Neon
6. Ans:
The elements which form water are (i) Hydrogen and oxygen.
The characteristics of water are
1. Water is formed when two elements hydrogen and oxygen combine

chemically in a fixed ratio of 1:8 by mass.
2. The properties of water are entirely different from those of its
constituent elements. Hydrogen and oxygen are gases but water is a
liquid. Hydrogen a gas catches fire oxygen a gas supporter of
combustion.
3. We cannot separate the constituents of water by simple physical
means.
7. Ans:
Metals Non-metals
1.Metals are ductile i.e. can be drawn 1. Non-metals are mostly soft solids
into wires. cannot be drawn into wires.
2.Metals are malleable i.e. can be 2. They are mostly gases and are not
beaten to form sheets. malleable
3. They are sonorous. 3. They do not produce sound when

struck.
8. Ans:
1. It consists of two or more elements.

2. A constituting element of a compound are combined in a definite
proportion in every sample of the compound.
3. It is pure and homogeneous.
4. It cannot be separated into its constituents by simple physical means.
9. Ans:
Sodium is a metal that is stored in kerosene oil as it reacts very fast with
air and water. Chlorine is a reactive greenish yellow gas which is poisonous.
When these two elements combine chemically they form common salt sodium
chloride which is non poisonous colourless solid substance that we use in our
food to add taste and to obtain some nutrition.
11. Ans:
Compounds Elements present

(a) Sugar --- Carbon, hydrogen & oxygen
(b) Ammonia --- Nitrogen and hydrogen
(c) Marble --- Calcium, carbon & oxygen
(d) Washing soda --- Sodium, carbon & oxygen
Exercise - II
1. Ans:
(a) Atom : An atom is the smallest indivisible unit of an element which

exhibits all the properties of that element and may or may not have
independent existence.
(b) Molecule : A molecule can be defined as the smallest unit of an

element or a compound which exhibits all the properties of that element or
compound and has independent existence. They are divisible into atoms.
(c) Atomicity : The number of atoms in a molecule of an element is called

its atomicity.
(d) Formula : Formula is a short way of representing the molecule of an

element or a compound.
2. Ans:
Importance of symbols and Formulae :
Symbols and formulae of substance gives a lot of information like.
1. Types of elements present in the compound.

2. Number of each kind of atoms in one molecule of the compound.
3. Mass of one molecule of the compound.
3. Ans:
Note: 2nd and 4th answers are same. So 4th not required.
5. Ans:
(a) 2H is two atoms of hydrogen. H2 is one molecule of hydrogen gas.

(b) H20 represents one molecule of water. 3H20 represents 3 molecules
of water.
6. Ans:
8.Ans:
Solid: Common salt, Sand

Liquid: Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid
Gaseous: Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide
Exercise - III
2. Ans:
(a) Iron : To make machines tools and building material.
(b) Brass : To make water taps and utensils.
(c) Coal: Coal is used as fuel also used in thermal power plant to produce
electricity.
3.Ans:
(a) Steel is good conductor of heat to cook food, pan is made of steel
where as wood is insulator of heat and to hold, handle is made up of
wood.
(b) Graphite leaves mark on the paper and makes it black.
(c) Argon is inert gas and protects the element of bulb from oxidation
and burning. Hence increases bulb’s life.
4.Ans:
(a) Copper and aluminium are good conductors of heat and electricity.
They can be drawn into wires and beaten into sheets. Therefore, they are used
to make electric wires.
(b) Metals are ductile, i.e., they can be drawn or stretched into thin
wires. They are malleable, i.e., they can be beaten into thin sheets.

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Chinmaya Vidyalaya

The characteristics of water are

1. Water is formed when two elements hydrogen and oxygen combine

3. They are sonorous. 3. They do not produce sound when

1. It consists of two or more elements.

Compounds Elements present

(a) Atom : An atom is the smallest indivisible unit of an element which

(b) Molecule : A molecule can be defined as the smallest unit of an

(c) Atomicity : The number of atoms in a molecule of an element is called

(d) Formula : Formula is a short way of representing the molecule of an

1. Types of elements present in the compound.

(a) 2H is two atoms of hydrogen. H2 is one molecule of hydrogen gas.

Solid: Common salt, Sand

(a) Iron : To make machines tools and building material.

(b) Brass : To make water taps and utensils.

(b) Graphite leaves mark on the paper and makes it black.

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