Solution & Colligative Properties

ALLEN
SOLUTION & COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES EXERCISE-I
1. The boiling point of C6H6, CH3OH, C6H5NH2 and 8. The vapour pressure of a pure liquid 'A' is 70 torr
C6H 5NO 2 are 800C, 650C, 1840C and 2120C at 270C. It forms an ideal solution with another liquid
respectively which will show highest vapour pressure B. The mole fraction of B is 0.2 and total vapour
at room temperature : pressure of the solution is 84 torr at 270C. The
(1) C6H6 (2) CH3OH vapour pressure of pure liquid B at 270C is
(1) 14 (2) 56 (3) 140 (4) 70
(3) C6H5NH2 (4) C6H5NO2
9. At 88 °C benzene has a vapour pressure of
2. Mole fraction of A vapours above the solution in
900 torr and toluene has a vapour pressure of
mixture of A and B (XA = 0.4) will be
360 torr. What is the mole fraction of benzene in
[Given : PA° = 100 mm Hg and PB° = 200 mm Hg] the mixture with toluene that will boil at 88 °C at
1 atm. pressure, benzene - toluence form an ideal
(1) 0.4 (2) 0.8 solution:
(3) 0.25 (4) none of these (1) 0.416 (2) 0.588 (3) 0.688 (4) 0.740
3. At a given temperature, total vapour pressure in 10. The exact mathematical expression of Raoult’s law
Torr of a mixture of volatile components A and B is (n = moles of solute ; N = moles of solvent)
is given by
P 0 - Ps n P 0 - Ps N
PTotal = 120 – 75 XB (1) = (2) =
P0 N P0 n
hen ce, vapo ur press ure of p ure A an d B
respectively (in Torr) are P 0 - Ps n P 0 - Ps
(1) 120, 75 (2) 120, 195 (3) = (4) = n ×N
Ps N P0
(3) 120, 45 (4) 75, 45
11. The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by
4. Two liquids A & B form an ideal solution. What is 10 mm of Hg when a non-volatile solute was added
the vapour pressure of solution containing 2 moles to the solvent. The mole fraction of solute in solution
of A and 3 moles of B at 300 K? [Given : At 300 K, is 0.2, what would be mole fraction of the solvent
Vapour pr. of pure liquid A ( PAo ) = 100 torr, Vapour if decrease in vapour pressure is 20 mm of Hg
(1) 0.2 (2) 0.4 (3) 0.6 (4) 0.8
pr. of pure liquid B ( PBo ) = 300 torr ] 12. The vapour pressure of a solution having solid as
solute and liquid as solvent is :
(1) 200 torr (2) 140 torr (1) Directly proportional to mole fraction of the
(3) 180 torr (4) None of these solvent
5. If Raoult's law is obeyed, the vapour pressure of the (2) Inversely proportional to mole fraction of the
solvent in a solution is directly proportional to solvent
(1) Mole fraction of the solvent (3) Directly proportional to mole fraction of the
solute
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(2) Mole fraction of the solute

(4) Inversely propartional to mole fraction of the
(3) Mole fraction of the solvent and solute solute
(4) The volume of the solution 13. One mole of non volatile solute is dissolved in two
6. 1 mole of heptane (V. P. = 92 mm of Hg) was mixed moles of water. The vapour pressure of the solution
with 4 moles of octane (V. P. = 31mm of Hg). The relative to that of water is
vapour pressure of resulting ideal solution is : 2 1 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
(1) 46.2 mm of Hg (2) 40.0 mm of Hg 3 3 2 2
(3) 43.2 mm of Hg (4) 38.4 mm of Hg 14. The vapour pressure of pure A is 10 torr and at
7. Mole fraction of A vapours above solution in mixture the same temperature when 1 g of B is dissolved
of A and B (XA = 0.4) will be :- in 20 gm of A, its vapour pressure is reduced to
9.0 torr. If the molecular mass of A is 200 amu,
(PA° = 100mm, PB° = 200mm)
then the molecular mass of B is :
(1) 0.4 (2) 0.8 (1) 100 amu (2) 90 amu
(3) 0.25 (4) None (3) 75 amu (4) 120 amu
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JEE ( Main) - Chemistry
ALLEN
15. The vapour pressure of a pure liquid solvent (X) is 24. 1.0 molal aqueous solution of an electrolyte A2B3
decreased to 0.60 atm. from 0.80 atm on addition is 60% ionised. The boiling point of the solution at
of a non volatile substance (Y). The mole fraction -1
of (Y) in the solution is:- 1 atm is ( K b ( H O ) = 0.52 K kg mol )
2
(1) 0.20 (2) 0.25 (3) 0.5 (4) 0.75
(1) 274.76 K (2) 377 K
16. Among the following, that does not form an ideal
(3) 376.4 K (4) 374.76 K
solution is :
(1) C6H6 and C6H5CH3 (2) C2H5Cl and C6H5OH 25. The Vant Hoff factor (i) for a dilute solution of
K3[Fe(CN)6] is (Asuming 100% ionsation) :
(3) C6H5Cl and C6H5Br (4) C2H5Br and C2H5I
17. Colligative properties of the solution depend upon (1) 10 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 0.25
(1) Nature of the solution 26. The substance A when dissolved in solvent B shows
(2) Nature of the solvent the molecular mass corresponding to A3. The vant
Hoff's factor will be -
(3) Number of solute particles
(4) Number of moles of solvent (1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 1/3
18. When common salt is dissolved in water 27. The freezing point of 1 molal NaCl solution assuming
(1) Melting point of the solution increases NaCl to be 100% dissociated in water is :
(Kf = 1.86 K Molality–1)
(2) Boiling point of the solution increases
(3) Boiling point of the solution decreases (1) –1.86 °C (2) –3.72 °C
(4) Both Melting point and Boiling point is decreases (3) +1.86 °C (4) + 3.72 °C
19. What should be the freezing point of aqueous 28. What is the freezing point of a solution containing
solution containing 17 gm of C2H5OH in 1000 gm 8.1 gm. of HBr in 100gm. water assuming the acid
of water (water Kƒ = 1.86 deg – kg mol–1) to be 90% ionised (Kf for water=1.86 K molality–1):-
(1) – 0.69°C (2) – 0.34°C (1) 0.85°C (2) –3.53°C
(3) 0.0°C (4) 0.34°C (3) 0°C (4) –0.35°C
20. 5% solution of sucrose is isotonic with 1% solution 29. If a ground water contains H2S at concentration of
of a compound 'A' then the molecular weight of 2 mg/l, determine the pressure of H2S in head
compound 'A' is - space of a closed tank containing the ground water
(1) 32.4 (2) 68.4 (3) 121.6 (4) 34.2 at 20ºC. Given that for H 2S, Henry's constant is
21. Osmotic pressure of a sugar solution at 240C is 2.5 equal to 6.8 × 103 bar at 20ºC.
atmosphere. The concentration of the solution in (1) 720 Pa (2) 77 × 102 Pa
mole per litre is : (3) 553 Pa (4) 55 × 102 Pa
(1) 10.25 (2) 1.025 30. A pressure cooker reduces cooking time for food
(3) 1025 (4) 0.1025 because -
22. A solution containing 4 g of a non volatile organic (1) The higher pressure inside the cooker crushes
solute per 100 ml was found to have an osmotic the food material
node06\B0AI-BO\Kota\JEE(MAIN)\Booster Course Sheet\Che\Eng\Physical Chemistry\03-Solution & colligative properties.p65

pressure equal to 500 cm of mercury at 270C. The

(2) Cooking involves chemical changes helped by
molecular weight of solute is :
a rise in temperature
(1) 14.97 (2) 149.7 (3) 1697 (4) 1.497
(3) Heat is more evenly distributed in the cooking
23. Which of the following aqueous solution will show
space
maximum vapour pressure at 300 K?
(4) Boiling point of water involved in cooking is
(1) 1 M NaCl (2) 1 M CaCl2
increased
(3) 1 M AlCl3 (4) 1 M C12H22O11

ANSW ER KEY E xercis e-I

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 2 3 3 4 1 3 3 3 4 3
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 3 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 2
Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 4 2 4 4 2 4 2 2 1 4
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 Solution & Colligative Properties
ALLEN
PREVIOUS YEARS' QUESTIONS EXERCISE-II
1. A 0.004 M solution of Na2SO4 is isotonic with a 10. How many grams of methyl alcohol should be added
0.010 M solution of glucose at same temperature. to 10 litre tank of water to prevent its freezing at
The apparent degree of dissociation of Na2SO4 is 268 K ? [JEE (MAIN)-2013 ONLINE]
[JEE 2004] (Kf for water is 1.86 K kg mol-1)
(1) 25% (2) 50% (3) 75% (4) 85% (1) 899.04 g (2) 886.02 g
2. The elevation in boiling point, when 13.44 g of (3) 868.06 g (4) 880.07 g
freshly prepared CuCl2 are added to one kilogram 11. Vapour pressure of pure benzene is 119 torr and
of water, is [Some useful data, Kb (H2O) = 0.52 kg that of toluene is 37.0 torr at the same temperature.
K mol–1, mol. wt. of CuCl2 = 134.4 gm] [JEE 2005] Mole fraction of toluene in vapour phase which is
(1) 0.05 (2) 0.1 (3) 0.16 (4) 0.21 in equilibrium with a solution of benzene and toluene
3. 72.5 g of phenol is dissolved in 1 kg of a solvent having a mole fraction of toluene 0.50, will be :
(kf = 14) which leads to dimerization of phenol and [JEE (MAIN)-2013 ONLINE]
freezing point is lowered by 7 kelvin. What percent (1) 0.137 (2) 0.205 (3) 0.237 (4) 0.435
of total phenol is present in dimeric form? [JEE 2006] 12. A molecule M associates in a given solvent according
(1) 20 (2) 30 (3) 35 (4) 40 to th e equation M ƒ (M) n . Fo r a certain
4. When 20 g of naphtholic acid (C11H8O2) is dissolved concentration of M, the van’t Hoff factor was found
in 50 g of benzene (K f = 1.72 K kg mol –1), to be 0.9 and the fraction of associated molecules
a freezing point depression of 2 K is observed. The was 0.2. The value of n is : [JEE (MAIN)-2013 ONLINE]
van’t Hoff factor (i) is [JEE 2007] (1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 3
(1) 0.5 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3 13. 12g of a nonvolatile solute dissolved in 108g of water
5. The degree of dissociation (1) of a weak electrolyte, produces the relative lowering of vapour pressure
AxB y is related to van't Hoff factor (i) by the of 0.1. The molecular mass of the solute is :
expression :- [AIEEE-2011] [JEE (MAIN)-2013 ONLINE]
(1) 60 (2) 80 (3) 40 (4) 20
x + y -1 x + y +1
(1) a = (2) a = 14. The molarity of a solution obtained by mixing
i -1 i -1 750 mL of 0.5(M)HCl with 250 mL of 2(M)HCl will
i -1 i -1 be :- [JEE (MAIN)-2013]
(3) a = (4) a = (1) 0.875 M (2) 1.00 M (3) 1.75 M (4) 0.975 M
(x + y - 1) x + y +1
15. The observed osmotic pressure for a 0.10 M solution
6. Kf for water is 1.86 K kg mol–1. If your automobile of Fe(NH 4) 2(SO 4) 2 at 25°C is 10.8 atm. The
radiator holds 1.0 kg of water, how many grams of expected and experimental (observed) values of
ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) must you add to get the Van't Hoff factor (i) will be respectively :
freezing point of the solution lowered to (R= 0.082 L atm k– mol–1)
–2.8°C ? [AIEEE-2012]
[JEE (MAIN)-2014 ONLINE]
(1) 27 g (2) 72 g (3) 93 g (4) 39 g (1) 3 and 5.42 (2) 5 and 3.42
7. A solution containing 0.85 g of ZnCl2 in 125.0 g (3) 4 and 4.00 (4) 5 and 4.42
of water freezes at –0.23ºC. The apparent degree 16. For an ideal Solution of two components A and B,
of dissociation of the salt is : [JEE (MAIN)-2012 ONLINE] which of the following is true ?
(kƒ for water = 1.86 K kg mol–1, atomic mass ; [JEE(MAIN)-2014 ONLINE]
Zn = 65.3 and Cl = 35.5)
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(1) DHmixing < 0 (zero)

(1) 1.36% (2) 2.47% (3) 73.5% (4) 7.35% (2) A – A, B – B and A – B interactions are identical
8. Liquids A and B form an ideal solution. At 30ºC, (3) A – B interaction is stronger than A – A and
the total vapour pressure of a solution containing B – B interactions
1 mol of A and 2 moles of B is 250 mm Hg. The (4) DHmixing > 0 (zero)
total vapour pressure becomes 300 mm Hg when 17. Consider separate solution of 0.500 M C2H5OH(aq),
1 more mol of A is added to the first solution. The 0.100 M Mg 3(PO4)2(aq), 0.250 M KBr(aq) and
vapour pressures of pure A and B at the same 0.125 M Na3PO4(aq) at 25°C. Which statement is
temperature are [JEE (MAIN)-2012 ONLINE]
true about these solutions, assuming all salts to be
(1) 450, 150 mm Hg (2) 250, 300 mm Hg strong electrolytes ? [JEE (MAIN)-2014]
(3) 125, 150 mm Hg (4) 150, 450 mm Hg (1) 0.125 M Na3PO4 (aq) has the highest osmotic
9. The freezing point of a 1.00 m aqueous solution of pressure.
HF is found to be –1.91°C. The freezing point (2) 0.500 M C2H5OH (aq) has the highest osmotic
constant of water, Kf, is 1.86 K kg mol–1. The pressure.
percentage dissociation of HF at this concentration (3) They all have the same osmotic pressure.
is [JEE (MAIN)-2012 ONLINE]
(4) 0.100 M Mg3(PO4)2 (aq) has the highest osmotic
(1) 2.7% (2) 30% (3) 10% (4) 5.2% pressure.
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JEE ( Main) - Chemistry
ALLEN
18. Consider separate solution of 0.500 M C2H5OH(aq), 25. The freezing point of benzene decreases by 0.45°C
0.100 M Mg 3(PO4)2(aq), 0.250 M KBr(aq) and when 0.2 g of acetic acid is added to 20 g of
0.125 M Na3PO4(aq) at 25°C. Which statement is benzene. If acetic acid associates to form a dimer
true about these solutions, assuming all salts to be in benzene, percentage association of acetic acid
strong electrolytes ? [JEE-MAIN-2014] in benzene will be :-
(1) 0.125 M Na3PO4 (aq) has the highest osmotic (Kf for benzene = 5.12 K kg mol–1)
pressure. [JEE (MAIN)-2017]
(2) 0.500 M C2H5OH (aq) has the highest osmotic (1) 64.6% (2) 80.4% (3)74.6% (4) 94.6%
pressure. 26. 5 g of Na2SO4 was dissolved in x g of H2O. The
(3) They all have the same osmotic pressure. change in freezing point was found to be 3.82°C.
(4) 0.100 M Mg3(PO4)2 (aq) has the highest osmotic If Na2SO4 is 81.5% ionised, the value of x
pressure. (Kf for water = 1.86°C kg mol–1) is approximately.
19. Determination of the molar mass of acetic acid in (Molar mass of S = 32 g mol –1 and that of
benzene using freezing point depression is affected Na = 23 g mol–1) [JEE (MAIN--2017-ONLINE]
by : [JEE (MAIN)-2015 ONLINE] (1) 45 g (2) 65 g (3) 15 g (4) 25 g
(1) association (2) dissociation 27. A solution is prepared by mixing 8.5 g of CH 2Cl2
(3) complex formation (4) partial ionization and 11.95 g of CHCl3. If vapour pressure of CH2Cl2
20. A solution at 20°C is composed of 1.5 mol of and CHCl3 at 298 K are 415 and 200 mmHg
benzene and 3.5 mol of toluene. If the vapour respectively, the mole fraction of CHCl3 in vapour
pressure of pure benzene and pure toluene at this form is: (Molar mass of Cl = 35.5 g mol–1)
temperature are 74.7 torr and 22.3 torr, [JEE (MAIN--2017-ONLINE]
respectively, then the total vapour pressure of the (1) 0.486 (2) 0.325 (3) 0.162 (4) 0.675
solution and the benzene mole fraction in equilibrium 28. For 1 molal aqueous solution of the following
with it will be, respectively : compounds, which one will show the highest freezing
[JEE (MAIN)-2015 ONLINE]
point ? [JEE (MAIN)-2018]
(1) 38.0 torr and 0.589
(1) [Co(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O
(2) 30.5 torr and 0.389
(3) 35.8 torr and 0.280 (2) [Co(H2O)4Cl2]Cl.2H2O
(4) 35.0 torr and 0.480 (3) [Co(H2O)3Cl3].3H2O
21. The vapour pres sure of acetone at 20°C is 185 torr. (4) [Co(H2O)6]Cl3
When 1.2 g of non-volatile substance was dissolved
29. Two 5 molal solutions are prepared by dissolving
in 100 g of acetone at 20°C, its vapour pressure
a non-electrolyte non-volatile solute separately in the
was 183 torr. The molar mass (g mol–1) of the
solvents X and Y. The molecular weights of the
substance is : [JEE (MAIN)-2015]
solvents are M X and M Y, respectively where
(1) 128 (2) 488 (3) 32 (4) 64
22. An aqueous solution of a salt MX2 at certain 3
temperature has a van't Hoff factor of 2. The degree MX = M . The relative lowering of vapour
4 Y
of dissociation for this solution of the salt is :
[JEE (MAIN--2016-ONLINE]
pressure of the solution in X is "m" times that of the
(1) 0.50 (2) 0.80 (3) 0.67 (4) 0.33 solution in Y. Given that the number of moles of
23. The solubility of N2 in water at 300 K and 500 torr solute is very small in comparison to that of solvent,
partial pressure is 0.01 g L–1. The solubility the value of "m" is - [JEE (MAIN-2018-ONLINE]
node06\B0AI-BO\Kota\JEE(MAIN)\Booster Course Sheet\Che\Eng\Physical Chemistry\03-Solution & colligative properties.p65

(in g L–1) at 750 torr partial pressure is : 3 4 1 1

[JEE (MAIN--2016-ONLINE] (1) (2) (3) (4)
(1) 0.02 (2) 0.005 4 3 2 4
(3) 0.015 (4) 0.0075 30. The mass of a non-volatile, non-electrolyte solute
24. 18 g glucose (C6H12O6) is added to 178.2 g water. (molar mass = 50 g mol–1) needed to be dissolved
The vapour pressure of water (in torr) for this in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to
aqueous solution is : [JEE (MAIN)-2016] 75%, is :- [JEE (MAIN-2018-ONLINE]
(1) 759.0 (2) 7.6 (3) 76.0 (4) 752.4 (1) 50 g (2) 37.5 g (3) 75 g (4) 150 g

PR E V IOU S YE A R S QUE STIONS ANSW ER KEY E xercise-II

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 3
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 3 1 4 1 4 2 3 3 1 1
Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 4 1 3 4 4 1 2 3 1 4

14 E