Design Calculations

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS:
PROJECT:
PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL TOWNHOUSE ON PLOT LR. NO
JUJA/MAISONETTE ON PLOT LR.NO JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7
(MANGU) 1489, KIAMBU COUNTY.
CLIENT:
ESTHER WAINAINA & WILLIAM MWANGI.
P.O BOX 79451-00200,
KENYA.
STRUCTURAL/ CIVIL ENGINEERS:

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD,
P.O BOX 1038-00600,
NAIROBI- KENYA.
DATE:
NOV 2021
ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD
NOVEMBER-2021
PROPOSED TOWNHOUSE IN JUJA/KIAURA
STRUCTURE TECHNICAL RECORD

Type of building Residential Design standards
gravity & wind loads BS 6399 Pt 1/CP3 Pt 2
earthquake Kenya MOW
Type of structure Load Bearing Masonry fire Kenya Building Code
wall, RC beams, RC reinforced concrete BS 8110
slabs, RC Columns, structural steel BS 5950
Bases Strip Footings, timber BS 5268
ground bearing Kenya Building Code
Final number of storeys 3
Extension allowed Nil Concrete strength

28 day cube strength 25N/mm2
Fire resistance 1 hour
max aggregate size 20mm
Roof waterproofing APP Membrane age factor 1.0
Roof pitch 0 Degrees

Reinforcement
strength type 500N/mm2
Characteristic live load bond type 1

1st,2nd floor 1.5 kN/m2
Roof 0.30 kN/m2
Cover
slabs 20mm
Characteristic dead load beams 25mm
floor finishes 1.0 kN/m2 columns 40mm
partitions 1.2 kN/m2 to substructure 50mm
Basic wind speed 46m/sec Masonry strength

Topographical factor 1 200 thk 3.50N/mm2
Structure height N/A
S2 (S1=1 & S3 =1) N/A
Structural steel type S275
Timber type N/A
Foundation
soil type Red Soils
allow ground pressure 120kN/m2
Technical details
Project Job Ref.
ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

P.O BOX 1038-00600 Section Sheet no./rev.
NAIROBI 1200X1200X300 BASE 1
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
JG NOV 2021 PK NOV 2021 PK NOV 2021
PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

Tedds calculation version 2.0.07
500 500
450
1200
450
1200
Pad footing details

Length of pad footing; L = 1200 mm
Width of pad footing; B = 1200 mm
Area of pad footing; A = L  B = 1.440 m2
Depth of pad footing; h = 300 mm
Depth of soil over pad footing; hsoil = 1200 mm
Density of concrete; conc = 23.6 kN/m3
Column details
Column base length; lA = 200 mm
Column base width; bA = 300 mm
Column eccentricity in x; ePxA = 0 mm
Column eccentricity in y; ePyA = 0 mm
Soil details
Density of soil; soil = 20.0 kN/m3
Design shear strength; ’ = 25.0 deg
Design base friction;  = 19.3 deg
Allowable bearing pressure; Pbearing = 120 kN/m2
Axial loading on column
Dead axial load on column; PGA = 68.0 kN
Imposed axial load on column; PQA = 20.0 kN
Wind axial load on column; PWA = 0.0 kN
Total axial load on column; PA = 88.0 kN
Project Job Ref.

Foundation loads
Dead surcharge load; FGsur = 0.000 kN/m2
Imposed surcharge load; FQsur = 0.000 kN/m2
Pad footing self weight; Fswt = h  conc = 7.080 kN/m2
Soil self weight; Fsoil = hsoil  soil = 24.000 kN/m2
Total foundation load; F = A  (FGsur + FQsur + Fswt + Fsoil) = 44.8 kN
Calculate pad base reaction

Total base reaction; T = F + PA = 132.8 kN
Eccentricity of base reaction in x; eTx = (PA  ePxA + MxA + HxA  h) / T = 0 mm
Eccentricity of base reaction in y; eTy = (PA  ePyA + MyA + HyA  h) / T = 0 mm
Check pad base reaction eccentricity

abs(eTx) / L + abs(eTy) / B = 0.000
Base reaction acts within middle third of base
Calculate pad base pressures
q1 = T / A - 6  T  eTx / (L  A) - 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 92.191 kN/m2
q2 = T / A - 6  T  eTx / (L  A) + 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 92.191 kN/m2
q3 = T / A + 6  T  eTx / (L  A) - 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 92.191 kN/m2
q4 = T / A + 6  T  eTx / (L  A) + 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 92.191 kN/m2
Minimum base pressure; qmin = min(q1, q2, q3, q4) = 92.191 kN/m2
Maximum base pressure; qmax = max(q1, q2, q3, q4) = 92.191 kN/m2
PASS - Maximum base pressure is less than allowable bearing pressure
2 2
92.2 kN/m 92.2 kN/m
2 2
92.2 kN/m 92.2 kN/m
Partial safety factors for loads

Partial safety factor for dead loads; fG = 1.40
Partial safety factor for imposed loads; fQ = 1.60
Project Job Ref.

Partial safety factor for wind loads; fW = 0.00
Ultimate axial loading on column

Ultimate axial load on column; PuA = PGA  fG + PQA  fQ + PWA  fW = 127.2 kN
Ultimate foundation loads

Ultimate foundation load; Fu = A  [(FGsur + Fswt + Fsoil)  fG + FQsur  fQ] = 62.7 kN
Ultimate horizontal loading on column

Ultimate horizontal load in x direction; HxuA = HGxA  fG + HQxA  fQ + HWxA  fW = 0.0 kN
Ultimate horizontal load in y direction; HyuA = HGyA  fG + HQyA  fQ + HWyA  fW = 0.0 kN
Ultimate moment on column

Ultimate moment on column in x direction; MxuA = MGxA  fG + MQxA  fQ + MWxA  fW = 0.000 kNm
Ultimate moment on column in y direction; MyuA = MGyA  fG + MQyA  fQ + MWyA  fW = 0.000 kNm
Calculate ultimate pad base reaction

Ultimate base reaction; Tu = Fu + PuA = 189.9 kN
Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction in x; eTxu = (PuA  ePxA + MxuA + HxuA  h) / Tu = 0 mm
Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction in y; eTyu = (PuA  ePyA + MyuA + HyuA  h) / Tu = 0 mm
Calculate ultimate pad base pressures

q1u = Tu/A - 6TueTxu/(LA) - 6TueTyu/(BA) = 131.845 kN/m2
q2u = Tu/A - 6TueTxu/(LA) + 6Tu eTyu/(BA) = 131.845 kN/m2
q3u = Tu/A + 6TueTxu/(LA) - 6TueTyu/(BA) = 131.845 kN/m2
q4u = Tu/A + 6TueTxu/(LA) + 6TueTyu/(BA) = 131.845 kN/m2
Minimum ultimate base pressure; qminu = min(q1u, q2u, q3u, q4u) = 131.845 kN/m2
Maximum ultimate base pressure; qmaxu = max(q1u, q2u, q3u, q4u) = 131.845 kN/m2
Calculate rate of change of base pressure in x direction
Left hand base reaction; fuL = (q1u + q2u)  B / 2 = 158.214 kN/m
Right hand base reaction; fuR = (q3u + q4u)  B / 2 = 158.214 kN/m
Length of base reaction; Lx = L = 1200 mm
Rate of change of base pressure; Cx = (fuR - fuL) / Lx = 0.000 kN/m/m
Calculate pad lengths in x direction
Left hand length; LL = L / 2 + ePxA = 600 mm
Right hand length; LR = L / 2 - ePxA = 600 mm
Calculate ultimate moments in x direction
Ultimate moment in x direction; Mx = fuL  LL2 / 2 + Cx  LL3 / 6 - Fu  LL2 / (2  L) = 19.080 kNm
Calculate rate of change of base pressure in y direction

Top edge base reaction; fuT = (q2u + q4u)  L / 2 = 158.214 kN/m
Bottom edge base reaction; fuB = (q1u + q3u)  L / 2 = 158.214 kN/m
Length of base reaction; Ly = B = 1200 mm
Rate of change of base pressure; Cy = (fuB - fuT) / Ly = 0.000 kN/m/m
Calculate pad lengths in y direction
Top length; LT = B / 2 - ePyA = 600 mm
Bottom length; LB = B / 2 + ePyA = 600 mm
Project Job Ref.

Calculate ultimate moments in y direction

Ultimate moment in y direction; My = fuT  LT2 / 2 + Cy  LT3 / 6 - Fu  LT2 / (2  B) = 19.080 kNm
Material details
Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 25 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of shear reinforcement; fyv = 500 N/mm2
Nominal cover to reinforcement; cnom = 50 mm
Moment design in x direction
Diameter of tension reinforcement; xB = 12 mm
Depth of tension reinforcement; dx = h - cnom - xB / 2 = 244 mm
Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Kx = Mx / (B  dx2  fcu) = 0.011
Kx’ = 0.156
Kx < Kx' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zx = dx  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Kx / 0.9)], 0.95) = 232 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_x_req = Mx / (0.87  fy  zx) = 189 mm2
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_x_min = 0.0013  B  h = 468 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 8 No. 12 dia. bars bottom (150 centres)
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_xB_prov = NxB    xB2 / 4 = 905 mm2
PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required
Moment design in y direction
Diameter of tension reinforcement; yB = 12 mm
Depth of tension reinforcement; dy = h - cnom - xB - yB / 2 = 232 mm

Ky = My / (L  dy2  fcu) = 0.012
Ky’ = 0.156
Ky < Ky' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zy = dy  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Ky / 0.9)], 0.95) = 220 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_y_req = My / (0.87  fy  zy) = 199 mm2
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_y_min = 0.0013  L  h = 468 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 8 No. 12 dia. bars bottom (150 centres)
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_yB_prov = NyB    yB2 / 4 = 905 mm2
Calculate ultimate shear force at d from right face of column
Ultimate pressure for shear; qsu = (q1u + Cx  (L / 2 + ePxA + lA / 2 + dx) / B + q4u) / 2
qsu = 131.845 kN/m2
Area loaded for shear; As = B  min(3  (L / 2 - eTx), L / 2 - ePxA - lA / 2 - dx) = 0.307 m2
Ultimate shear force; Vsu = As  (qsu - Fu / A) = 27.136 kN
Shear stresses at d from right face of column (cl 3.5.5.2)

Design shear stress; vsu = Vsu / (B  dx) = 0.093 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79 N/mm2  min(3, [100  As_xB_prov / (B  dx)]1/3)  max((400 mm /
dx)1/4, 0.67)  (min(fcu / 1 N/mm2, 40) / 25)1/3 / 1.25 = 0.483 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress; vmax = min(0.8 N/mm2  (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.000 N/mm2
PASS - vsu < vc - No shear reinforcement required
Calculate ultimate punching shear force at face of column
Ultimate pressure for punching shear; qpuA = q1u+[(L/2+ePxA-lA/2)+(lA)/2]Cx/B-[(B/2+ePyA-bA/2)+(bA)/2]Cy/L =
131.845 kN/m2
Average effective depth of reinforcement; d = (dx + dy) / 2 = 238 mm
Area loaded for punching shear at column; ApA = (lA)(bA) = 0.060 m2
Length of punching shear perimeter; upA = 2(lA)+2(bA) = 1000 mm
Ultimate shear force at shear perimeter; VpuA = PuA + (Fu / A - qpuA)  ApA = 121.900 kN
Effective shear force at shear perimeter; VpuAeff = VpuA = 121.900 kN
Punching shear stresses at face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
Design shear stress; vpuA = VpuAeff / (upA  d) = 0.512 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress; vmax = min(0.8N/mm2  (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.000 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress is less than allowable design shear stress
Calculate ultimate punching shear force at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column
Ultimate pressure for punching shear; qpuA1.5d = q1u+[(L/2+ePxA-lA/2-1.5d)+(lA+21.5d)/2]Cx/B-[B/2]Cy/L =
131.845 kN/m2
Average effective depth of reinforcement; d = (dx + dy) / 2 = 238 mm
Area loaded for punching shear at column; ApA1.5d = (lA+21.5d)B = 1.097 m2
Length of punching shear perimeter; upA1.5d = 2B = 2400 mm
Ultimate shear force at shear perimeter; VpuA1.5d = PuA + (Fu / A - qpuA1.5d)  ApA1.5d = 30.316 kN
Effective shear force at shear perimeter; VpuA1.5deff = VpuA1.5d  1.25 = 37.895 kN
Punching shear stresses at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
Design shear stress; vpuA1.5d = VpuA1.5deff / (upA1.5d  d) = 0.066 N/mm2

Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79 N/mm2  min(3, [100  (As_xB_prov / (B  dx) + As_yB_prov / (L  dy)) /
2]1/3)  max((800 mm / (dx + dy))1/4, 0.67)  (min(fcu / 1 N/mm2, 40) / 25)1/3 /
1.25 = 0.491 N/mm2
PASS - vpuA1.5d < vc - No shear reinforcement required
Project Job Ref.

8 No. 12 dia. bars btm (150 c/c)
8 No. 12 dia. bars btm (150 c/c)

Shear at d from column face
Punching shear perimeter at 1.5 × d from column face

Project Job Ref.

NAIROBI STRIP FOOTING 1
STRIP FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

200 200 200
1200
200
600
2 2
105.4 kN/m 105.4 kN/m
Strip footing details

Width of strip footing; B = 600 mm
Depth of strip footing; h = 200 mm
Depth of soil over strip footing; hsoil = 1200 mm
Density of concrete; conc = 23.6 kN/m3
Load details
Load width; b = 200 mm
Load eccentricity; eP = 0 mm
Soil details
Density of soil; soil = 20.0 kN/m3
Design shear strength; ’ = 25.0 deg
Design base friction;  = 19.3 deg
Allowable bearing pressure; Pbearing = 120 kN/m2
Axial loading on strip footing
Dead axial load; PG = 34.0 kN/m
Imposed axial load; PQ = 12.0 kN/m
Wind axial load; PW = 0.0 kN/m
Total axial load; P = 46.0 kN/m
Foundation loads
Dead surcharge load; FGsur = 0.000 kN/m2
Imposed surcharge load; FQsur = 0.000 kN/m2
Strip footing self weight; Fswt = h  conc = 4.720 kN/m2
Project Job Ref.

Soil self weight; Fsoil = hsoil  soil = 24.000 kN/m2

Total foundation load; F = B  (FGsur + FQsur + Fswt + Fsoil) = 17.2 kN/m
Calculate base reaction

Total base reaction; T = F + P = 63.2 kN/m
Eccentricity of base reaction in x; eT = (P  eP + M + H  h) / T = 0 mm
Base reaction acts within middle third of base
Calculate base pressures
q1 = (T / B)  (1 - 6  eT / B) = 105.387 kN/m2
q2 = (T / B)  (1 + 6  eT / B) = 105.387 kN/m2
Minimum base pressure; qmin = min(q1, q2) = 105.387 kN/m2
Maximum base pressure; qmax = max(q1, q2) = 105.387 kN/m2
PASS - Maximum base pressure is less than allowable bearing pressure
Partial safety factors for loads
Partial safety factor for dead loads; fG = 1.40
Partial safety factor for imposed loads; fQ = 1.60
Partial safety factor for wind loads; fW = 0.00
Ultimate axial loading

Ultimate axial loading; Pu = PG  fG + PQ  fQ + PW  fW = 66.8 kN/m
Ultimate foundation loading

Ultimate foundation loading; Fu = B  [(FGsur + Fswt + Fsoil)  fG + FQsur  fQ] = 24.1 kN/m
Ultimate horizontal loading

Ultimate horizontal loading; Hu = HG  fG + HQ  fQ + HW  fW = 0.0 kN/m
Ultimate moment on foundation

Ultimate moment; Mu = MG  fG + MQ  fQ + MW  fW = 0.000 kNm/m
Calculate ultimate base reaction

Ultimate base reaction; Tu = Fu + Pu = 90.9 kN/m
Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction; eTu = (Pu  eP + Mu + Hu  h) / Tu = 0 mm
Calculate ultimate pad base pressures

q1u = (Tu / B)  (1 - 6  eTu / B) = 151.541 kN/m2
q2u = (Tu / B)  (1 + 6  eTu / B) = 151.541 kN/m2
Minimum ultimate base pressure; qminu = min(q1u, q2u) = 151.541 kN/m2
Maximum ultimate base pressure; qmaxu = max(q1u, q2u) = 151.541 kN/m2
Calculate base lengths
Left hand length; BL = B / 2 + eP = 300 mm
Right hand length; BR = B / 2 - eP = 300 mm
Calculate rate of change of base pressure
Length of base reaction; Bx = B = 600 mm
Rate of change of base pressure; Cx = (q2u - q1u) / Bx = 0.000 kN/m2/m
Calculate ultimate moment
Ultimate moment; Mx = (q1u-Fu/B)BL2/2+CxBL3/6 = 5.010 kNm/m
Project Job Ref.

Material details
Characteristic strength of shear reinforcement; fyv = 500 N/mm2
Moment design
Diameter of tension reinforcement; B = 10 mm
Depth of tension reinforcement; d = h - cnom - B / 2 = 145 mm

K = Mx / (d2  fcu) = 0.010
K’ = 0.156
K < K' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; z = d  min([0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9)], 0.95) = 138 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_req = Mx / (0.87  fy  z) = 84 mm2/m
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_min = 0.0013  h = 260 mm2/m
Tension reinforcement provided; 10 dia. bars @ 200 centres bottom
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_B_prov =   B2 / (4  sB) = 393 mm2/m
Calculate ultimate shear force at distance d from face of wall
Ultimate shear force at face of load; Vsu = (q1u - Fu / B)  (BL - b / 2 - d) - Cx  (BL - b / 2 - d)2 / 2 = 6.123 kN/m
Shear stresses at distance d from face of wall (cl 3.5.5.2)

Design shear stress; vsu = Vsu / d = 0.042 N/mm2
Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.527 N/mm2
PASS - vsu < vc - No shear reinforcement required
10 dia. bars @ 200 c/c btm

Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
Section Sheet no./rev.
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C1 1
RC COLUMN DESIGN (BS8110:PART1:1997)

TEDDS calculation version 2.0.08
Column definition
Column depth (larger column dim); h = 300 mm
Nominal cover to all reinforcement (longer dim); ch = 35 mm
Depth to tension steel; h' = h - ch – Ldia – Dcol/2 = 247 mm
Column width (smaller column dim); b = 200 mm
Nominal cover to all reinforcement (shorter dim); cb = 35 mm
Depth to tension steel; b' = b - cb - Ldia – Dcol/2 = 147 mm
Minor axis (y)
Links - 10 dia links in 1s @ 150 centres

35
Reinforcement (each face) -2No. 16 dia bar(s)
2
Characteristic concrete strength - 25.0 N/mm
247
300
Major axis (x)
35
200
Braced Column Design to cl 3.8.4

Check on overall column dimensions
Column OK - h < 4b
Braced column slenderness check
Column clear height; lo = 3150 mm
Slenderness limit; llimit = 60  b = 12000 mm
Column slenderness limit OK
Short column check for braced columns
Effect. height factor for braced columns - maj axis; x = 0.75
BS8110:Table 3.19
Effective height – major axis; lex = x  lo = 2.363 m;
Slenderness check; lex/h = 7.88
The braced column is short (major axis)
Effect height factor for braced columns - minor axis; y = 0.75
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C1 2
BS8110:Table 3.19
Effective height – minor axis; ley = y  lo = 2.363 m
Slenderness check; ley/b = 11.81
The braced column is short (minor axis)
Short column - bi-axial bending
Define column reinforcement
Main reinforcement in column
Assumed diameter of main reinforcement; Dcol = 16 mm
Assumed no. of bars in one face (assumed sym); Lncol = 2
Area of "tension" steel; Ast = Lncol    Dcol2 / 4 = 402 mm2
Area of compression steel; Asc = Ast = 402 mm2
Total area of steel ; Ascol =   Dcol2 / 4  2  (Lncol + (Lncol -2)) = 804.2 mm2
Percentage of steel; Ascol / (b  h) = 1.3 %
Design ultimate loading

Design ultimate axial load; N = 122 kN
Design ultimate moment (major axis); Mx = 4 kNm
Design ultimate moment (minor axis); My = 4 kNm
Minimum design moments
Min design moment (major axis); Mxmin = min(0.05  h, 20 mm)  N = 1.8 kNm
Min design moment (minor axis); Mymin = min(0.05  b, 20 mm)  N = 1.2 kNm
Design moments
Design moment (major axis); Mxdes = max (abs(Mx), Mxmin) = 4.0 kNm
Design moment (minor axis); Mydes = max (abs(My) , Mymin) = 4.0 kNm
Simplified method for dealing with bi-axial bending:-
h' = 247 mm; b' = 147 mm
Approx uniaxial design moment (Cl 3.8.4.5)
 = 1 - 1.165  min(0.6, N/(bhfcu)) = 0.91
Design moment;
Mdesign = if(Mxdes/h' < Mydes/b' , Mydes +   b'/h'  Mxdes , Mxdes +   h'/b'  Mydes ) = 6.2 kNm
Set up section dimensions for design:-

Section depth; D = if(Mxdes/h' < Mydes/b' , b, h) = 200.0 mm
Depth to "tension" steel; d = if(Mxdes/h' < Mydes/b' , b', h') = 147.0 mm
Section width; B = if(Mxdes/h' < Mydes/b' , h, b) = 300.0 mm
Library item - Calcs – short col N+Mmaj+Mmin
Check of design forces - symmetrically reinforced section
NOTE
Note:- the section dimensions used in the following calculation are:-
Section width (parallel to axis of bending); B = 300 mm
Section depth perpendicular to axis of bending); D = 200 mm
Depth to "tension" steel (symmetrical); d = 147 mm
Tension steel yields
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C1 3
Determine correct moment of resistance

NR =ceiling(if(xcalc<D/0.9, NR1 , NR2 ),0.001kN) = 122.0 kN
MR = ceiling(if(xcalc<D/0.9, MR1 , MR2 ) ,0.001kNm) = 26.6 kNm

Applied axial load; N = 122.0 kN
Check for moment; Mdesign = 6.2 kNm
Moment check satisfied
Check min and max areas of steel

Total area of concrete; Aconc = b  h = 60000 mm2
Area of steel (symmetrical); Ascol = 804 mm2
Minimum percentage of compression reinforcement; kc = 0.40 %
Minimum steel area; Asc_min = kc  Aconc = 240 mm2
Maximum steel area; As_max = 6 %  Aconc = 3600 mm2
Area of compression steel provided OK
Major axis Shear Resistance of Concrete Columns - (cl 3.8.4.6)
Column width; b = 200 mm
Column depth; h = 300 mm
Effective depth to steel; h' = 247 mm
Area of concrete; Aconc = b  h = 60000 mm2
Design ultimate shear force (major axis); Vx = 12 kN
Is a check required? (3.8.4.6)
Axial load; N = 122.0 kN
Major axis moment; Mx = 4.0 kNm
Eccentricity; e = Mx / N = 32.8 mm
Limit to eccentricity; elimit = 0.6  h = 180.0 mm
Actual shear stress; vx = Vx / (b  h') = 0.2 N/mm2
Allowable stress; vallowable = min ((0.8 N1/2/mm)  (fcu ), 5 N/mm2 ) = 4.000 N/mm2
No shear check required
Define Containment Links Provided
Link spacing; sv = 150 mm; Link diameter; Ldia = 10 mm; No of links in each group; Ln = 1
Minimum Containment Steel (Cl 3.12.7)
Shear steel
Link spacing; sv = 150 mm
Link diameter; Ldia = 10 mm
Column steel
Diameter; Dcol = 16 mm
Min diameter; Llimit = max( (6 mm), Dcol/4) = 6.0 mm
Link diameter OK
Max spacing; slimit = 12  Dcol = 192.0 mm
Link spacing OK
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C1 4
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C2 1

Column definition
Minor axis (y)

35
Characteristic concrete strength - 25.0 N/mm 2

149
200
Major axis (x)
35
200

Column OK - h < 4b
BS8110:Table 3.19
BS8110:Table 3.19
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C2 2


Design moments
h' = 149 mm; b' = 149 mm
 = 1 - 1.165  min(0.6, N/(bhfcu)) = 0.93
Design moment;

NOTE

Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 COLUMN C2 3


Minimum steel area; Asc_min = kc  Aconc = 160 mm 2

No shear check required
Shear steel
Column steel
Link diameter OK
Link spacing OK
Project Job Ref.
NAIROBI
350 DIAMETER COLUMN 1
RC COLUMN DESIGN
In accordance with EN1992-1-1:2004 incorporating Corrigendum January 2008 and the UK national annex
z
350 mm
y y
z 6 no. 12 mm diameter longitudinal bars

8 mm diameter links
Max link spacing 240 mm generally, 144 mm for
350 mm above and below slab/beam and at laps
350 mm
Column input details

Column geometry
Overall diameter; h = 350 mm
; ;;
Stability in the z direction; Braced
Stability in the y direction; Braced
Concrete details
Concrete strength class; C20/25
Partial safety factor for concrete (2.4.2.4(1)); C = 1.50
Coefficient cc (3.1.6(1)); cc = 0.85
Maximum aggregate size; dg = 20 mm
Reinforcement details
Nominal cover to links; cnom = 35 mm
Longitudinal bar diameter;  = 12 mm
Link diameter; v = 8 mm
Total number of longitudinal bars; N=6
; ;
; ;
Area of longitudinal reinforcement; As = N    2 / 4 = 679 mm2
Characteristic yield strength; fyk = 500 N/mm2
Partial safety factor for reinft (2.4.2.4(1)); S = 1.15
Modulus of elasticity of reinft (3.2.7(4)); Es = 200 kN/mm2
Fire resistance details
Fire resistance period; R = 60 min
Exposure to fire; Exposed on more than one side
Project Job Ref.
NAIROBI
Ratio of fire design axial load to design resistance; fi = 0.70
Axial load and bending moments from frame analysis

Design axial load; NEd = 58.0 kN
Moment about y axis at top; Mtopy = ;2.0; kNm
Moment about y axis at bottom; Mbtmy = ;2.0; kNm
Moment about z axis at top; Mtopz = ;2.0; kNm
Moment about z axis at bottom; Mbtmz = ;2.0; kNm
Column effective lengths
Effective length for buckling about y axis; l0y = ;5950; mm
Effective length for buckling about z axis; l0z = ;5950; mm
Calculated column properties

Concrete properties
Area of concrete; Ac =   h2 / 4 = 96211 mm2
Characteristic compression cylinder strength; fck = 20 N/mm2
Design compressive strength (3.1.6(1)); fcd = cc  fck / C = 11.3 N/mm2
Mean value of cylinder strength (Table 3.1); fcm = fck + 8 MPa = 28.0 N/mm2
Secant modulus of elasticity (Table 3.1); Ecm = 22000 MPa  (fcm / 10 MPa)0.3 = 30.0 kN/mm2
Rectangular stress block factors

Depth factor (3.1.7(3)); sb = 0.8
Stress factor (3.1.7(3));  = 0.9
Strain limits
Compression strain limit (Table 3.1); cu3 = 0.00350
Pure compression strain limit (Table 3.1); c3 = 0.00175
Design yield strength of reinforcement

Design yield strength (3.2.7(2)); fyd = fyk / S = 434.8 N/mm2
Check nominal cover for fire and bond requirements

Min. cover reqd for bond (to links) (4.4.1.2(3)); cmin,b = max(v,  - v) = 8 mm
Min axis distance for fire (EN1992-1-2 T 5.2a); afi = 40 mm
Allowance for deviations from min cover (4.4.1.3); cdev = 10 mm
Min allowable nominal cover; cnom_min = max(afi -  / 2 - v, cmin,b + cdev) = 26.0 mm
PASS - the nominal cover is greater than the minimum required
Effective depth and inertia of bars for bending about y axis
For the purposes of determining the bending capacity and interaction diagrams in this Tedds calculation, bending about the y
axis is taken to be when there are two furthest equidistant bars on each side of the column centreline. Bending about the z axis
is taken to be when there is one furthest bar on each side of the column centreline.
Area per bar; Abar =   2 / 4 = 113 mm2
Radial dist from column centre to longitudinal bar; rl = h / 2 - cnom - v -  / 2 = 126.0 mm
Subtended angle between adjacent bars;  = (360 deg) / N = 60.0 deg
Layer 1; dy1 = h / 2 + rl  cos( / 2) = 284.1 mm
2nd moment of area of reinft about y axis; Iy1 = 2  Abar  (dy1 - h / 2)2 = 269 cm4
Library item - Depth layer 1 y circ case 2
Layer 2; dy2 = h / 2 + rl  cos[(2 - 1)   +  / 2] = 175.0 mm
Project Job Ref.
NAIROBI
Layer 3; dy3 = h / 2 + rl  cos[(3 - 1)   +  / 2] = 65.9 mm
Total 2nd moment of area of reinft about y axis; Isy = 539 cm4
Radius of gyration of reinft about y axis; isy = (Isy / As) = 89 mm
Effective depth about y axis (5.8.8.3(2)); dy = h / 2 + isy = 264 mm
Effective depth of bars for bending about z axis
Layer 1 (tension face); dz1 = h / 2 + rl = 301.0 mm
2nd moment of area of reinft about z axis; Iz1 = Abar  (dz1 - h / 2)2 = 180 cm4
Layer 2; dz2 = h / 2 + rl  cos[(2 - 1)  ] = 238.0 mm
2nd moment of area of reinft about z axis; Iz2 = 2  Abar  (dz2 - h / 2)2 = 90 cm4
Total 2nd moment of area of reinft about z axis; Isz = 539 cm4
Radius of gyration of reinft about z axis; isz = (Isz / As) = 89 mm
Effective depth about z axis (5.8.8.3(2)); dz = b / 2 + isz = 264 mm
Column slenderness about y axis
Radius of gyration; iy = h / 4 = 8.8 cm
Slenderness ratio (5.8.3.2(1)); y = l0y / iy = 68.0
Column slenderness about z axis

Radius of gyration; iz = h / 4 = 8.8 cm
Slenderness ratio (5.8.3.2(1)); z = l0z / iz = 68.0
Design bending moments

Frame analysis moments about y axis combined with moments due to imperfections (cl. 5.2 & 6.1(4))
Ecc. due to geometric imperfections (y axis); eiy = l0y /400 = 14.9 mm
Min end moment about y axis; M01y = min(abs(Mtopy), abs(Mbtmy)) + eiy  NEd = 2.9 kNm
Max end moment about y axis; M02y = max(abs(Mtopy), abs(Mbtmy)) + eiy  NEd = 2.9 kNm
Slenderness limit for buckling about y axis (cl. 5.8.3.1)
Factor A; A = 0.7
Mechanical reinforcement ratio;  = As  fyd / (Ac  fcd) = 0.271
Factor B; B = (1 + 2  ) = 1.241
Moment ratio; rmy = M01y / M02y = ;1.000
Factor C; Cy = 1.7 - rmy = 0.700
Relative normal force; n = NEd / (Ac  fcd) = 0.053
Slenderness limit; limy = 20  A  B  Cy / (n) = 52.8
y>=limy - Second order effects must be considered
Frame analysis moments about z axis combined with moments due to imperfections (cl. 5.2 & 6.1(4))
Ecc. due to geometric imperfections (z axis); eiz = l0z /400 = 14.9 mm
Project Job Ref.
NAIROBI
Min end moment about z axis; M01z = min(abs(Mtopz), abs(Mbtmz)) + eiz  NEd = 2.9 kNm
Max end moment about z axis; M02z = max(abs(Mtopz), abs(Mbtmz)) + eiz  NEd = 2.9 kNm
Slenderness limit for buckling about y axis (cl. 5.8.3.1)
Factor A; A = 0.7
Mechanical reinforcement ratio;  = As  fyd / (Ac  fcd) = 0.271
Factor B; B = (1 + 2  ) = 1.241
Moment ratio; rmz = M01z / M02z = ;1.000
Factor C; Cz = 1.7 - rmz = 0.700
Relative normal force; n = NEd / (Ac  fcd) = 0.053
Slenderness limit; limz = 20  A  B  Cz / (n) = 52.8
z>=limz - Second order effects must be considered
Local second order bending moment about y axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 5.8.8.3)
Relative humidity of ambient environment; RH = 50 %
Column perimeter in contact with atmosphere; u = 1100 mm
Age of concrete at loading; t0 = 28 day
Parameter nu; nu = 1 +  = 1.271
Approx value of n at max moment of resistance; nbal = 0.4
Axial load correction factor; Kr = min(1.0 , (nu - n) / (nu - nbal)) = 1.000
Reinforcement design strain; yd = fyd / Es = 0.00217
Basic curvature; curvebasic_y = yd / (0.45  dy) = 0.0000183 mm-1
Notional size of column; h0 = 2  Ac / u = 175 mm
Relative humidity factor (Annex B.1(1)); RH = 1 + [(1 - RH / 100%) / (0.1 mm-1/3  (h0)1/3)] = 1.894
Concrete strength factor (Annex B.1(1)); fcm = 16.8  (1 MPa)1/2 / (fcm) = 3.175
Concrete age factor (Annex B.1(1)); t0 = 1 / (0.1 + (t0 / 1 day)0.2) = 0.488
Notional creep coefficient (Annex B.1(1)); 0 = RH  fcm  t0 = 2.937
Final creep development factor; (at t = ¥); c = 1.0
Final creep coefficient (Annex B.1(1));  = 0  c = 2.937
Ratio of SLS to ULS moments; rMy = 0.80
Effective creep ratio; efy =   rMy = 2.350
Factor ; y = 0.35 + fck / 200 MPa - y / 150 = -0.003
Creep factor; Ky = max(1.0 , 1 + y  efy) = 1.000
Modified curvature; curvemod_y = Kr  Ky  curvebasic_y = 0.0000183 mm-1
Curvature distribution factor; c = 10
Deflection; e2y = curvemod_y  l0y2 / c = 64.8 mm
Nominal 2nd order moment; M2y = NEd  e2y = 3.8 kNm
Design bending moment about y axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 6.1(4))

Equivalent moment from frame analysis; M0ey = max(0.6  M02y + 0.4  M01y, 0.4  M02y) = ;2.9; kNm
Design moment; MEdy = max(M02y, M0ey + M2y, M01y + 0.5M2y, NEd  max(h/30, 20 mm))
MEdy = 6.6 kNm
Local second order bending moment about z axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 5.8.8.3)
Basic curvature; curvebasic_z = yd / (0.45  dz) = 0.0000183 mm-1
Ratio of SLS to ULS moments; rMz = 0.80
Project Job Ref.
NAIROBI
Effective creep ratio (5.8.4(2)); efz =   rMz = 2.350

Factor ; z = 0.35 + fck / 200 MPa - z / 150 = -0.003
Creep factor; Kz = max(1.0 , 1 + z  efz) = 1.000
Modified curvature; curvemod_z = Kr  Kz  curvebasic_z = 0.0000183 mm-1
Curvature distribution factor; c = 10
Deflection; e2z = curvemod_z  l0z2 / c = 64.8 mm
Nominal 2nd order moment; M2z = NEd  e2z = 3.8 kNm
Design bending moment about z axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 6.1(4))

Equivalent moment from frame analysis; M0ez = max(0.6  M02z + 0.4  M01z, 0.4  M02z) = ;2.9; kNm
Design moment; MEdz = max(M02z, M0ez + M2z, M01z + 0.5M2z, NEd  max(b/30, 20 mm))
MEdz = 6.6 kNm
Resultant design bending moment for a circular column
Resultant design moment; MEd = (MEdy2 + MEdz2) = 9.4 kNm
Moment capacity about y axis with axial load NEd

Moment of resistance of concrete
By iteration:-
Position of neutral axis; y = 109.1 mm
Depth of stress block; dsby = min(sb  y , h) = 87.3 mm
Area of concrete in compression; Asby = 18749 mm2
Concrete compression force (3.1.7(3)); Fyc =  fcd  Asby = 191.2 kN
Centroid of concrete compression from column cl; ysby = 123.5 mm
Moment of resistance; MRdyc = Fyc  ysby = 23.6 kNm
Moment of resistance of reinforcement

Strain in layer 1; y1 = cu3  (1 - dy1 / y) = -0.00561
Stress in layer 1; y1 = max(-1fyd, Es  y1) = -434.8 N/mm2
Force in layer 1; Fy1 = 2  Abar  y1 = -98.3 kN
Moment of resistance of layer 1; MRdy1 = Fy1  (h / 2 - dy1) = 10.7 kNm
Strain in layer 2; y2 = cu3  (1 - dy2 / y) = -0.00211
Stress in layer 2; y2 = max(-1fyd, Es  y2) = -422.6 N/mm2
Force in layer 2; Fy2 = 2  Abar  y2 = -95.6 kN
Strain in layer 3; y3 = cu3  (1 - dy3 / y) = 0.00139
Stress in layer 3; y3 = min(fyd, Es  y3) -   fcd = 267.2 N/mm2
Force in layer 3; Fy3 = 2  Abar  y3 = 60.4 kN
Resultant concrete/steel force; Fy = 57.7 kN
PASS - This is within half of one percent of the applied axial load
Combined moment of resistance
Moment of resistance about y axis; MRdy = 40.9 kNm
Project Job Ref.
NAIROBI
Moment capacity about z axis with axial load NEd

Moment of resistance of concrete
By iteration:-
Position of neutral axis; z = 103.6 mm
Depth of stress block; dsbz = min(sb  z , h) = 82.9 mm
Area of concrete in compression; Asbz = 17416 mm2
Concrete compression force (3.1.7(3)); Fzc =  fcd  Asbz = 177.6 kN
Centroid of concrete compression from column cl; ysbz = 126.1 mm
Moment of resistance; MRdzc = Fzc  ysbz = 22.4 kNm
Moment of resistance of reinforcement

Strain in layer 1; z1 = cu3  (1 - dz1 / z) = -0.00667
Stress in layer 1; z1 = max(-1fyd, Es  z1) = -434.8 N/mm2
Force in layer 1; Fz1 = 1  Abar  z1 = -49.2 kN
Moment of resistance of layer 1; MRdz1 = Fz1  (h / 2 – dz1) = 6.2 kNm
Moment of resistance of layer 3; MRdz3 = Fz3  (h / 2 – dz3) = -0.8 kNm
Strain in layer 4; z4 = cu3  (1 - dz4 / z) = 0.00184
Stress in layer 4; z4 = min(fyd, Es  z4) -   fcd = 358.6 N/mm2
Force in layer 4; Fz4 = 1  Abar  z4 = 40.6 kN
Resultant concrete/steel force; Fz = 57.8 kN
PASS - This is within half of one percent of the applied axial load
Combined moment of resistance
Moment of resistance about z axis; MRdz = 39.1 kNm
Minimum moment capacity with axial load NEd

Minimum moment capacity; MRd = min(MRdz, MRdy) = 39.1 kNm
PASS - The moment capacity exceeds the resultant design bending moment
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
200X200 COLUMN C4 1

Column definition
Minor axis (y)

35
Characteristic concrete strength - 25.0 N/mm 2

149
200
Major axis (x)
35
200

Column OK - h < 4b
BS8110:Table 3.19
BS8110:Table 3.19
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
200X200 COLUMN C3 2


Design moments
h' = 149 mm; b' = 149 mm
 = 1 - 1.165  min(0.6, N/(bhfcu)) = 0.98
Design moment;

NOTE

Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
200X200 COLUMN C3 3


Minimum steel area; Asc_min = kc  Aconc = 160 mm 2

Shear check required
Design shear stress to clause 3.4.5.12
fcu_ratio = if (fcu > 40 N/mm2 , 40/25 , fcu/(25 N/mm2)) = 1.000
Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79 N/mm2  min(3,100  Ast / (b  h'))1/3  max(1,(400 mm) /
h')1/4/1.25  fcu_ratio1/3
vc = 0.738 N/mm2
vc' = vc + 0.6  N / (b  h)  min( abs(Vx)  h / Mx, 1.0) =0.9 N/mm2
vallowable = min ((0.8 N1/2/mm)  (fcu ), 5 N/mm2 ) = 4.000 N/mm2
Actual shear stress; vx = 0.4 N/mm2
Shear reinforcement not necessarily required
Shear steel
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
200X200 COLUMN C3 4
Column steel
Link diameter OK
Link spacing OK
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB1 1
RC BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN BS8110

mm 2500
A 1 B
Unfactored Loads Self weight included

Dead Im posed
14.000
0.0
mm 2500
A 1 B
Load Envelope - Combination 1

30.518
0.0
mm 2500
A 1 B
Load Combination 1 (shown in proportion)
Imposed
Dead
mm 2500
A 1 B
Bending Moment Envelope

kNm
0.0
23.842
23.8
mm 2500
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB1 2
Shear Force Envelope

kN
38.1
38.147
0.0
-38.147
-38.1
mm 2500
A 1 B
Support conditions
Support A Vertically restrained
Rotationally free
Support B Vertically restrained
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Dead self weight of beam  1
Dead full UDL 14 kN/m
Imposed full UDL 3 kN/m
Load combinations
Load combination 1 Support A Dead  1.40
Imposed  1.60
Span 1 Dead  1.40
Imposed  1.60
Support B Dead  1.40
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Maximum moment support A; MA_max = 0 kNm; MA_red = 0 kNm;
Maximum moment span 1 at 1250 mm; Ms1_max = 24 kNm; Ms1_red = 24 kNm;
Maximum moment support B; MB_max = 0 kNm; MB_red = 0 kNm;
Maximum shear support A; VA_max = 38 kN; VA_red = 38 kN
Maximum shear support A span 1 at 409 mm; VA_s1_max = 26 kN; VA_s1_red = 26 kN
Maximum shear support B; VB_max = -38 kN; VB_red = -38 kN
Maximum shear support B span 1 at 2091 mm; VB_s1_max = -26 kN; VB_s1_red = -26 kN
Maximum reaction at support A; RA = 38 kN
Unfactored dead load reaction at support A; RA_Dead = 23 kN
Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A; RA_Imposed = 4 kN
Maximum reaction at support B; RB = 38 kN
Unfactored dead load reaction at support B; RB_Dead = 23 kN
Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B; RB_Imposed = 4 kN
Flanged section details
Section width; b = 200 mm
Section depth; h = 450 mm
Maximum flange width; bf = 725 mm
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB1 3
Flange depth; hf = 175 mm
175
450
275
525 200
Concrete details
Characteristic compressive cube strength; fcu = 25 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity of concrete; Ec = 20kN/mm2 + 200  fcu = 25000 N/mm2
Maximum aggregate size; hagg = 20 mm
Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm2
Characteristic yield strength of shear reinforcement; fyv = 500 N/mm2
Nominal cover to reinforcement
Nominal cover to top reinforcement; cnom_t = 25 mm
Nominal cover to bottom reinforcement; cnom_b = 25 mm
Nominal cover to side reinforcement; cnom_s = 25 mm
Support A
2 x 12f bars
175
450
2 x 8 f shear legs at 300 c/c

275
2 x 16f bars
525 200
Rectangular section in shear

Design shear force span 1 at 409 mm; V = max(VA_s1_max, VA_s1_red) = 26 kN
Design shear stress; v = V / (b  d) = 0.314 N/mm2
Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79  min(3,[100  As,prov / (b  d)]1/3)  max(1, (400 /d)1/4)  (min(fcu,
40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.499 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress; vmax = min(0.8 N/mm2  (fcu/1 N/mm2)0.5, 5 N/mm2) = 4.000 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress is less than maximum allowable
Value of v from Table 3.7; 0.5  vc < v < (vc + 0.4 N/mm2)
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB1 4
Design shear resistance required; vs = max(v - vc, 0.4 N/mm2) = 0.400 N/mm2
Area of shear reinforcement required; Asv,req = vs  b / (0.87  fyv) = 184 mm2/m
Shear reinforcement provided; 2  8f legs at 300 c/c
Area of shear reinforcement provided; Asv,prov = 335 mm2/m
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Maximum longitudinal spacing; svl,max = 0.75  d = 307 mm
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Mid span 1
2 x 12f bars
175
450
275
2 x 16f bars
525 200
Flanged section in flexure - Positive moment

Design bending moment; M = abs(Ms1_red) = 24 kNm
Distance between points of zero moment; L0 = 0.85  Ls1 = 2125 mm
Effective flange width; beff = min(0.1  l0 + b, bf) = 413 mm
Depth to tension reinforcement; d = h - cnom_b - fv - fbot / 2 = 409 mm
Percentage redistribution; mrs1 = Ms1_red / Ms1_max - 1 = 0 %
Redistribution ratio; b = min(1 - mrs1, 1) = 1.000
K = M / (beff  d2  fcu) = 0.014
K' = 0.156 = 0.156
K' > K - No compression reinforcement is required
Lever arm; z = min(d  (0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9)0.5), 0.95  d) = 389 mm
Depth of neutral axis; x = (d - z) / 0.45 = 45 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As,req = M / (0.87  fy  z) = 141 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 2  16f bars
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As,prov = 402 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement; As,min = 0.0013  b  h = 117 mm2
Maximum area of reinforcement; As,max = 0.04  b  d = 3272 mm2
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
Minimum area of shear reinforcement (Table 3.7); Asv,min = 0.4N/mm2  b / (0.87  fyv) = 184 mm2/m
Maximum longitudinal spacing (cl. 3.4.5.5); svl,max = 0.75  d = 307 mm
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB1 5
Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79N/mm2  min(3,[100  As,prov / (b  d)]1/3)  max(1, (400mm /d)1/4) 
(min(fcu, 40N/mm2) / 25N/mm2)1/3 / m = 0.499 N/mm2
Design shear resistance provided; vs,prov = Asv,prov  0.87  fyv / b = 0.729 N/mm2
Design shear stress provided; vprov = vs,prov + vc = 1.228 N/mm2
Design shear resistance; Vprov = vprov  (b  d) = 100.4 kN
Shear links provided valid between 0 mm and 2500 mm with tension reinforcement of 402 mm 2
Spacing of reinforcement (cl 3.12.11)
Actual distance between bars in tension; s = (b - 2  (cnom_s + fv + fbot/2)) /(Nbot - 1) - fbot = 102 mm
Minimum distance between bars in tension (cl 3.12.11.1)

Minimum distance between bars in tension; smin = hagg + 5 mm = 25 mm
PASS - Satisfies the minimum spacing criteria
Maximum distance between bars in tension (cl 3.12.11.2)
Design service stress; fs = (2  fy  As,req) / (3  As,prov  b) = 116.9 N/mm2
Maximum distance between bars in tension; smax = min(47000 N/mm / fs, 300 mm) = 300 mm
PASS - Satisfies the maximum spacing criteria
Span to depth ratio (cl. 3.4.6)
Basic span to depth ratio (Table 3.9); span_to_depthbasic = 17.1
Design service stress in tension reinforcement; fs = (2  fy  As,req)/ (3  As,prov  b) = 116.9 N/mm2
Modification for tension reinforcement
ftens = min(2.0, 0.55 + (477N/mm2 - fs) / (120  (0.9N/mm2 + (M / (beff  d2))))) = 2.000
Modification for compression reinforcement
fcomp = min(1.5, 1 + (100  As2,prov / (beff  d)) / (3 + (100  As2,prov / (beff  d)))) = 1.043
Modification for span length; flong = 1.000
Allowable span to depth ratio; span_to_depthallow = span_to_depthbasic  ftens  fcomp = 35.6
Actual span to depth ratio; span_to_depthactual = Ls1 / d = 6.1
PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit
Support B
2 x 12f bars
175
450
275
2 x 16f bars
525 200

Design shear force span 1 at 2091 mm; V = abs(min(VB_s1_max, VB_s1_red)) = 26 kN
40) / 25)1/3 / m
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB1 6
vc = 0.499 N/mm2
;
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB2 1

mm 3300
A 1 B

Dead Im posed
19.000
0.0
mm 3300
A 1 B

40.718
0.0
mm 3300
A 1 B
Imposed
Dead
mm 3300
A 1 B

kNm
0.0
55.427
55.4
mm 3300
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB2 2

kN
67.2
67.184
0.0
-67.184
-67.2
mm 3300
A 1 B
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Load combinations
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB2 3
175
450
275
262 200 262
Concrete details
Support A
2 x 16 f bars
175
450

275
2 x 16 f bars
262 200 262

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.499 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB2 4
Mid span 1
2 x 16 f bars
175
450
275
2 x 16 f bars
262 200 262

K = M / (beff  d2  fcu) = 0.018
K' = 0.156 = 0.156
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB2 5

Support B
2 x 16 f bars
175
450
275
2 x 16 f bars
262 200 262

40) / 25)1/3 / m
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM FB2 6
vc = 0.499 N/mm2
;
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 BEAM FB3 1

mm 2000
A 1 B

Dead Im posed
8.000
0.0
mm 2000
A 1 B

19.067
0.0
mm 2000
A 1 B
Imposed
Dead
mm 2000
A 1 B

kNm
0.0
9.534
9.5
mm 2000
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 BEAM FB3 2

kN
19.1
19.067
0.0
-19.067
-19.1
mm 2000
A 1 B
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Load combinations
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 BEAM FB3 3
150
300
150
262 200 262
Concrete details
Support A
2 x 12f bars
150
300
2 x 8f shear legs at 175 c/c

150
2 x 12f bars
262 200 262

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.532 N/mm2
Value of v from Table 3.7; v < 0.5vc
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 BEAM FB3 4
Mid span 1
2 x 12f bars
150
300
150

2 x 12f bars
262 200 262

K = M / (beff  d2  fcu) = 0.010
K' = 0.156 = 0.156
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 BEAM FB3 5

Support B
2 x 12f bars
150
300
150

2 x 12f bars
262 200 262

40) / 25)1/3 / m
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
300X200 BEAM FB3 6
vc = 0.532 N/mm2
;
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB1 1

mm 3000
A 1 B

Dead Im posed
4.000
0.0
mm 3000
A 1 B

10.143
0.0
mm 3000
A 1 B
Imposed
Dead
mm 3000
A 1 B

kNm
0.0
11.411
11.4
mm 3000
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB1 2

kN
15.2
15.215
0.0
-15.215
-15.2
mm 3000
A 1 B
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Load combinations
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Rectangular section details
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB1 3
175
500
Concrete details
Support A
4 x 16 bars legs at 100 c/c

8ffshear
175
4 x 20f bars
500

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 1.011 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB1 4

Mid span 1
4 x 16f bars
175
4 x 20f bars
500
Design moment resistance of rectangular section (cl. 3.4.4) - Positive moment

K = M / (b  d2  fcu) = 0.049
K' = 0.156
Maximum area of reinforcement; As,max = 0.04  b  h = 3500 mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB1 5


ftens = min(2.0, 0.55 + (477N/mm2 - fs) / (120  (0.9N/mm2 + (M / (b  d2))))) = 2.000
fcomp = min(1.5, 1 + (100  As2,prov / (b  d)) / (3 + (100  As2,prov / (b  d)))) = 1.281
Support B
4 x 16f bars
175
4 8ffshear
500

40) / 25) 1/3
/ m
vc = 1.011 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB1 6
;
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB2 1

mm 1800
A 1 B

Dead Im posed
4.000
0.0
mm 1800
A 1 B

9.555
0.0
mm 1800
A 1 B
Imposed
Dead
mm 1800
A 1 B

kNm
0.0
3.870
3.9
mm 1800
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB2 2

kN
8.6
8.599
0.0
-8.599
-8.6
mm 1800
A 1 B
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Load combinations
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB2 3
175
400
Concrete details
Support A
8f fshear
175
4 x 12f bars
400

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.762 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB2 4

Mid span 1
4 x 12f bars
175
4 x 12f bars
400

K = M / (b  d2  fcu) = 0.019
K' = 0.156
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB2 5


Support B
4 x 12f bars
175
2
4x8f fshear
12 bars legs at 100 c/c
400

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.762 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB2 6

;
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB3 1

mm 3100
A 1 B

Dead Im posed
12.000
0.0
mm 3100
A 1 B

24.543
0.0
mm 3100
A 1 B
Imposed
Dead
mm 3100
A 1 B

kNm
0.0
29.483
29.5
mm 3100
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB3 2

kN
38.0
38.042
0.0
-38.042
-38.0
mm 3100
A 1 B
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Load combinations
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB3 3
175
500
Concrete details
Support A
4 x 20
8ffshear
bars legs at 100 c/c
175
4 x 25f bars
500

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 1.186 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB3 4

Mid span 1
4 x 20f bars
175
4 x 25f bars
500

K = M / (b  d2  fcu) = 0.130
K' = 0.156
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB3 5


Support B
4 x 20f bars
175
4 8ffshear
500

40) / 25) 1/3
/ m
vc = 1.186 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
175X500 BEAM SB3 6
;
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM U/B 1

mm 3650
A 1 B

Dead Im posed
9.000
0.0
mm 3650
A 1 B

19.627
0.0
mm 3650
A 1 B
Imposed
Dead
mm 3650
A 1 B

kNm
0.0
32.686
32.7
mm 3650
A 1 B
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM U/B 2

kN
35.8
35.820
0.0
-35.820
-35.8
mm 3650
A 1 B
Support conditions
Rotationally free
Rotationally free
Applied loading
Imposed full UDL 2.5 kN/m
Load combinations
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Imposed  1.60
Analysis results
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM U/B 3
450
200
Concrete details
Support A
2 x 16f bars

450
2 x 16f bars
200

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.499 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM U/B 4

Mid span 1
450 2 x 16f bars
2 x 16f bars
200

K = M / (b  d2  fcu) = 0.039
K' = 0.156
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM U/B 5


Support B
2 x 16f bars
450
2 x 16f bars
200

40) / 25)1/3 / m
vc = 0.499 N/mm2
Project Job Ref.
P.O BOX 1038-00600
NAIROBI
450X200 BEAM U/B 6
;
Project Job Ref.

NAIROBI STAIRS 1
RC stair designRC stair designRC STAIR DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

1150 9 x 300 400
1500
4250
Stair geometry
Number of steps; Nsteps = 10
Waist depth for stair flight; hspan = 150 mm
Going of each step; Going = 300 mm
Rise of each step; Rise = 150 mm
Angle of stairs; Rake = atan(Rise / Going) = 26.57 deg
Upper landing geometry
Support condition; Continuous end support
Landing length; Lupper = 400 mm
Depth of landing; hupper = 200 mm
Lower landing geometry
Support condition; Continuous end support
Landing length; Llower = 1150 mm
Depth of landing; hlower = 200 mm
Material details
Density of concrete; conc = 23.6 kN/m3
Partial safety factors

Partial safety factor for imposed loading; fq = 1.60
Partial safety factor for dead loading; fg = 1.40
Loading details
Characteristic imposed loading; qk = 3.000 kN/m2
Characteristic loading from finishes; gk_fin = 1.200 kN/m2
Project Job Ref.

NAIROBI STAIRS 2
Average stair self weight; gk_swt = (hspan / Cos(Rake) + Rise / 2)  conc = 5.728 kN/m2
Design load; F = (gk_swt + gk_fin)  fg + qk  fq = 14.499 kN/m2
Mid span design

Midspan moment per metre width; Mspan = 0.085  F  L2 = 22.260 kNm/m
Diameter of tension reinforcement; span = 12 mm
Depth of reinforcement; dspan = hspan - cnom - span / 2 = 119 mm

Moment redistribution ratio; b = 1.25
Kspan = Mspan / (dspan2  fcu) = 0.063
K’span = 0.402  (b - 0.4) - 0.18  (b - 0.4)2 = 0.212
Kspan < K'span compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zspan = dspan  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Kspan / 0.9)], 0.95) = 110 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_span_req = Mspan / (0.87  fy  zspan) = 465 mm2/m
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_span_min = 0.13  hspan / 100 = 195 mm2/m
Tension reinforcement provided; 12 dia.bars @ 150 centres
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_span_prov = 754 mm2/m
Basic span/effective depth ratio (cl 3.4.6.3)
From BS8110 : Part 1 : 1997 – Table 3.9
Basic span/effective depth ratio; ratiobasic = 26.0
Modification of span/effective depth ratio for staircases without stringer beams (cl 3.10.2.2)
Modification factor for stairs without stringers; factorflight = 1.15
Modification of span/effective depth ratio for tension reinforcement (cl 3.4.6.5)
From BS8110 : Part 1 : 1997 – Table 3.10
Design service stress; fs = 2  fy  As_span_req / (3  As_span_prov  b) = 164.526 N/mm2
Modification factor for tension reinforcement; factortens = 0.55 + (477 N/mm2- fs)/(120  (0.9 N/mm2+ (Mspan / dspan2)))
factortens = 1.603
Check span/effective depth ratio (cl 3.4.6.1)
Allowable span/effective depth ratio; ratioadm = ratiobasic  factorflight  factortens = 47.942
Actual span/effective depth ratio; ratioact = L / dspan = 35.714
PASS - Span/effective depth ratio is adequate
Upper landing support design

Upper support moment per metre width; Mupper = 0.040  F  L2 = 10.476 kNm/m
Diameter of tension reinforcement; upper = 10 mm
Depth of reinforcement; dupper = hupper - cnom - upper / 2 = 170 mm

Kupper = Mupper / (dupper 2  fcu) = 0.014
K’upper = 0.402  (b - 0.4) - 0.18  (b - 0.4)2 = 0.132
Kupper < K'upper compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zupper = dupper  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Kupper / 0.9)], 0.95) = 162 mm
Project Job Ref.

NAIROBI STAIRS 3
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_upper_req = Mupper / (0.87  fy  zupper) = 149 mm2/m
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_upper_min = 0.13  hupper / 100 = 260 mm2/m
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_upper_prov = 393 mm2/m
Shear stress in beam (cl 3.4.5.2)
Design shear force; Vupper = 0.500  F  L = 30.810 kN/m
Design shear stress; vupper = Vupper / dupper = 0.181 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress does not exceed allowable shear stress
Design concrete shear stress; vc_upper = 0.480 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress does not exceed design concrete shear stress
Lower landing support design

Lower support moment per metre width; Mlower = 0.040  F  L2 = 10.476 kNm/m
Diameter of tension reinforcement; lower = 10 mm
Depth of reinforcement; dlower = hlower - cnom - getvar(“lower”, 12 mm) / 2 = 170 mm

Klower = Mlower / (dlower 2  fcu) = 0.014
K’lower = 0.402  (b - 0.4) - 0.18  (b - 0.4)2 = 0.132
Klower < K'lower compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zlower = dlower  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Klower / 0.9)], 0.95) = 162 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_lower_req = Mlower / (0.87  fy  zlower) = 149 mm2/m
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_lower_min = 0.13  hlower / 100 = 260 mm2/m
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_lower_prov = 393 mm2/m
Shear stress in beam (cl 3.4.5.2)
Design shear force; Vlower = 0.500  F  L = 30.810 kN/m
Design shear stress; vlower = Vlower / dlower = 0.181 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress does not exceed allowable shear stress
Design concrete shear stress; vc_lower = 0.480 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress does not exceed design concrete shear stress
Project
Client ESTHER WAINAINA & WILLIAM MWANGI Made by Date Page

Location FIRST FLOOR SLAB
Checked Revision Job No
Originated from RCC94.xls on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC -
DIMENSIONS MATERIALS STATUS VALID DESIGN

short span, lx m 5.90 fcu N/mm² 25 gc = 1.50 3 5
long span, ly m 6.80 fy N/mm² 450 gs = 1.05 Edge 1
h mm 175 Density kN/m³ 24 D
Lx = 5.9 m
Top cover mm 20 (Normal weight concrete) Plan
Btm cover mm 20
Edge 4
Edge 2
LOADING characteristic EDGE CONDITIONS
Self weight kN/m² 4.20 Edge 1 C C = Continuous
Extra dead kN/m² 2.40 Edge 2 C D = Discontinuous Ly = 6.8 m
Total Dead, gk kN/m² 6.60 gf= 1.40 Edge 3 D
Imposed, qk kN/m² 1.50 gf= 1.60 Edge 4 D E
Design load, n kN/m² 11.64 See Figure 3.8 and clauses 3.5.3.5-6 Edge 3
SHORT LONG EDGE 1 EDGE 2 EDGE 3 EDGE 4 BS8110

MAIN STEEL SPAN SPAN Continuous Continuous Free Free Reference
ßs 0.045 0.034 0.060 0.045 0.000 0.000 Table 3.14
M kNm/m 18.1 13.8 24.1 18.4 0.0 0.0
d mm 150.0 140.0 150.0 140.0 150.0 140.0
k' 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156
k 0.032 0.028 0.043 0.037 0.000 0.000
Z mm 142.5 133.0 142.5 133.0 142.5 133.0 3.4.4.4
As req mm²/m 296 242 395 322 0 0
As min mm²/m 263 263 263 263 263 263 Table 3.25
As deflection mm²/m 318 259 ~ ~ ~ ~
Ø mm 10 10 10 10 10 10
Layer B1 B2 T1 T2 T1 T2
@ mm 200 200 200 200 200 200
As prov mm²/m 393 393 393 393 393 393
= % 0.262 0.280 0.262 0.280 0.262 0.280 %
S max mm 460 430 460 430 460 430 Clause
Subclause (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) 3.12.11.2.7
DEFLECTION
fs 226 185 302 246 0 0 Eqn 8
Mod factor 1.775 Eqn 7
Perm L/d 46.15 Actual L/d 39.33 As enhanced 7.1% for deflection control Table 3.10
TORSION STEEL BOTH EDGES DISCONTINUOUS ONE EDGE DISCONTINUOUS

Ø mm 10 X Y X Y
As req mm²/m 393 263 263 3.5.3.5
As prov T mm²/m 393 393 393
Additional As T req mm²/m 0 0 0 0
As prov B mm²/m 393 393 393 393
Bottom steel not curtailed in edge strips at free edges
SUPPORT REACTIONS (kN/m char uno) (See Figure 3.10) Sum ßvx = 0.761 Table 3.15
EDGE 1 EDGE 2 EDGE 3 EDGE 4 Sum ßvy = 0.660
D, 3-5 5, E-D E, 3-5 3, E-D equations
ßv 0.456 0.396 0.304 0.264 19 & 20
Dead kN/m 17.77 15.42 11.85 10.28
Imposed kN/m 4.04 3.50 2.69 2.34
Vs kN/m 31.3 27.2 20.9 18.1
OUTPUT/SUMMARY
SHORT LONG EDGE 1 EDGE 2 EDGE 3 EDGE 4
PROVIDE SPAN SPAN D, 3-5 5, E-D E, 3-5 3, E-D
MAIN STEEL Y10 @ 200 B1 Y10 @ 200 B2 Y10 @ 200 T1 Y10 @ 200 T2 Y10 @ 200 T1 Y10 @ 200 T2
ADDITIONAL 0 CORNER 2 CORNER 3 CORNER 4

TORSION STEEL 0 5D 5E 3E
X direction 0 placed in edge strips
Y direction 0
CHECKS BAR Ø SINGLY MIN MAX GLOBAL

Lx > Ly < COVER REINFORCED SPACING SPACING DEFLECTION STATUS
OK OK OK OK OK OK VALID DESIGN
Project

Location ROOF SLAB SLAB

Lx = 3.9 m
Btm cover mm 20
Edge 4
Edge 2

ßs 0.065 0.034 0.087 0.045 0.000 0.000 Table 3.14
M kNm/m 11.5 6.0 15.3 8.0 0.0 0.0
d mm 150.0 140.0 150.0 140.0 150.0 140.0
k' 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156
k 0.020 0.012 0.027 0.016 0.000 0.000
Z mm 142.5 133.0 142.5 133.0 142.5 133.0 3.4.4.4
As req mm²/m 188 106 251 141 0 0
As min mm²/m 263 263 263 263 263 263 Table 3.25
Ø mm 10 10 10 10 10 10
@ mm 200 200 200 200 200 200
As prov mm²/m 393 393 393 393 393 393
= % 0.262 0.280 0.262 0.280 0.262 0.280 %
S max mm 460 430 460 430 460 430 Clause
DEFLECTION
fs 144 81 192 108 0 0 Eqn 8

Ø mm 10 X Y X Y
As req mm²/m 393 263 263 3.5.3.5
As prov T mm²/m 393 393 393
As prov B mm²/m 393 393 393 393
ßv 0.573 0.396 0.382 0.264 19 & 20
Dead kN/m 14.75 10.19 9.83 6.80
Imposed kN/m 3.35 2.32 2.23 1.54
Vs kN/m 26.0 18.0 17.3 12.0
OUTPUT/SUMMARY

Y direction 0

Project

Location TANK SLAB SLAB

Lx = 2.3 m
Btm cover mm 20
Edge 4
Edge 2

ßs 0.075 0.034 0.100 0.045 0.000 0.000 Table 3.14
M kNm/m 4.3 1.9 5.7 2.6 0.0 0.0
d mm 125.0 115.0 125.0 115.0 125.0 115.0
k' 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156
k 0.011 0.006 0.015 0.008 0.000 0.000
Z mm 118.8 109.3 118.8 109.3 118.8 109.3 3.4.4.4
As req mm²/m 84 41 112 55 0 0
As min mm²/m 225 225 225 225 225 225 Table 3.25
Ø mm 10 10 10 10 10 10
@ mm 200 200 200 200 200 200
As prov mm²/m 393 393 393 393 393 393
= % 0.314 0.341 0.314 0.341 0.314 0.341 %
S max mm 385 355 385 355 385 355 Clause
DEFLECTION
fs 64 32 86 42 0 0 Eqn 8

Ø mm 10 X Y X Y
As req mm²/m 393 225 225 3.5.3.5
As prov T mm²/m 393 393 393
As prov B mm²/m 393 393 393 393
ßv 0.631 0.396 0.421 0.264 19 & 20
Dead kN/m 8.71 5.46 5.81 3.64
Imposed kN/m 2.18 1.37 1.45 0.91
Vs kN/m 15.7 9.8 10.5 6.6
OUTPUT/SUMMARY

Y direction 0


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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS:

P.O BOX 79451-00200,

STRUCTURAL/ CIVIL ENGINEERS:

P.O BOX 1038-00600,

STRUCTURE TECHNICAL RECORD

Extension allowed Nil Concrete strength

Roof pitch 0 Degrees

Characteristic live load bond type 1

Basic wind speed 46m/sec Masonry strength

Timber type N/A

allow ground pressure 120kN/m2

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

Pad footing details

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

Calculate pad base reaction

Check pad base reaction eccentricity

Partial safety factors for loads

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

Partial safety factor for wind loads; fW = 0.00

Ultimate axial loading on column

Ultimate foundation loads

Ultimate horizontal loading on column

Ultimate moment on column

Calculate ultimate pad base reaction

Calculate ultimate pad base pressures

Calculate rate of change of base pressure in y direction

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

Calculate ultimate moments in y direction

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Shear stresses at d from right face of column (cl 3.5.5.2)

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

8 No. 12 dia. bars btm (150 c/c)

8 No. 12 dia. bars btm (150 c/c)

Punching shear perimeter at 1.5 × d from column face

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

STRIP FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

Strip footing details

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

Soil self weight; Fsoil = hsoil  soil = 24.000 kN/m2

Calculate base reaction

Ultimate axial loading

Ultimate foundation loading

Ultimate horizontal loading

Ultimate moment on foundation

Calculate ultimate base reaction

Calculate ultimate pad base pressures

ENGSCRIBE GROUP LTD HOUSE ON PLOT NO.JUJA/KIAURA BLOCK 7(MANGU)1489

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Shear stresses at distance d from face of wall (cl 3.5.5.2)

10 dia. bars @ 200 c/c btm

RC COLUMN DESIGN (BS8110:PART1:1997)

Links - 10 dia links in 1s @ 150 centres

Reinforcement (each face) -2No. 16 dia bar(s)

Major axis (x)

Braced Column Design to cl 3.8.4