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Chapter 2. Basics of Pharmacology

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The nurse is preparing to apply valacyclovir (Valtrex) ointment to the shingles lesions located across
a client’s left side and lower back. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Place the patient in a supine position.
B. Determine when the rash was first noted.
C. Ensure that the skin is clean and dry.
D. Take the patient’s vital signs.

____ 2. The nurse is providing care for a client at 32 weeks’ gestation who started low-molecular heparin
injections after developing a deep vein thrombosis. The client asks the nurse, “Why do I have to take
a shot? Why can’t I take the blood clot medicine that my dad takes orally?” Which of the following
responses by the nurse is best?
A. “Anything that is fat-soluble, including warfarin (Coumadin), is able to cross the
placental barrier. Heparin is not fat-soluble so it doesn’t cross the barrier well.”
B. “The placenta is easily crossed by anything you take by mouth while you are
pregnant, but not by things absorbed in other ways.”
C. “Only water-soluble substances such as vitamins can cross the placental barrier, so
you could take either medication, but heparin is cheaper.”
D. “They are the same medication, but the shot is absorbed faster than the pill so the
doctor wants you to take daily shots.”
____ 3. The nurse is providing care to a client with HIV who has been prescribed fosamprenavir (Lexiva).
Which of the following statements by the client indicates that further teaching is necessary?
A. “The metabolites of this medication may be excreted in active form.”
B. “I’m glad my kidneys work so well; otherwise the medication wouldn’t work.”
C. “This drug actually has to be broken down by my body to fight the virus.”
D. “Isn’t it fascinating that my liver has to metabolize the drug for it to work?”

____ 4. The nurse is working with a client who was recently started on insulin therapy. The client’s young
daughter asks, “Why do you have to give her a shot? Why can’t you just give her a pill?” Which of
the following responses by the nurse is best?
A. “Our bodies make insulin normally, so it is a liquid medication.”
B. “We do have diabetic medications in pill form. I’m not sure why the doctor
 ordered it this way for your mom.”
C. “Insulin is manufactured and given this way so it absorbs more rapidly into the
body.”
D. “The acid in your mother’s stomach would destroy this medication, so it can’t be
swallowed.”
____ 5. The nurse is providing care for a 48-year-old male on the surgical unit. Gentamicin (Garamycin) 2
mg/kg every 8 hours has been started. The nurse would be most concerned by which of the following
findings?
A. Blood levels have been ordered every 24 hours
B. The patient’s EGFR = 40 mL/min
C. The patient’s hemoglobin = 11.8 g/dL
D. The patient’s WBC = 14,000 c/mm3

____ 6. A 16-year-old client comes to the urgent care clinic with symptoms of tonsillitis. The client tells the
nurse she takes tetracycline (Doxycycline) daily for the treatment of acne. The nurse would be most
concerned if the health care provider prescribed which of the following?
A. Amoxicillin clavulanate (Augmentin)
B. Cefdinir (Omnicef)
C. Cefixime (Suprax)
D. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

____ 7. The nurse is providing care for a client experiencing muscle spasms. The physician has ordered
cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril). The nurse would inform the client to anticipate which of the following
side effects?
A. Hypocalcemia and hypotension
B. Dizziness and drowsiness
C. Nausea and headache
D. Flaccidity and urinary retention

____ 8. While caring for clients on the medical unit, the nurse would see which of the following clients first?
A. A 28-year-old patient with HIV who has a temperature of 99.2°F
B. A 54-year-old patient with diverticulitis whose diet was just advanced to solid food
C. A 61-year-old patient who takes ibuprofen for arthritis complaining of severe
stomach pain
D. A 37-year-old patient with a kidney stone who is due for pain medication in 20
minutes
____ 9. While preparing to provide a patient admitted to the hospital for a laparoscopic hysterectomy the
prescribed dose of ibuprofen (Motrin) 800 mg orally, which of the following actions would take
highest priority?
A. Determine if the client has eaten within the past hour.
B. Assess the client’s vaginal discharge.
C. Help the client ambulate in the hall.
D. Evaluate the client’s most recent renal panel labs.

____ 10. The nurse is providing care for clients on the orthopedic unit. Which of the following assessment
findings is most concerning to the nurse?
 A. A client who takes lisinopril (Zestril) and is complaining of limited range of
motion after shoulder surgery
B. A client with a fractured pelvis who takes warfarin sodium (Coumadin) and reports
having a black tarry stool during the night
C. A client 2 days post-op for knee replacement who takes
hydrocodone/acetaminophen (Vicodin) and refused to have labs drawn this
morning
D. A client 4 days after hip replacement surgery taking omeprazole (Prilosec) who
ordered spinach for dinner
____ 11. While working in the neonatal intensive care unit, the nurse notes an infant’s oxygen saturation has
been 98% for the past 4 hours. The infant has been receiving oxygen at 4 L. Which of the following
actions by the nurse is best?
A. Turn the oxygen level down to 3 L and monitor closely to reduce the risk of eye
damage.
B. Leave the oxygen level at its current rate to reduce the risk of lung damage.
C. Turn the oxygen level down to 2 L and monitor closely to evaluate the infant’s
readiness for transfer out of the ICU.
D. Leave the oxygen level at its current rate and inform the parents the baby will need
supplemental oxygen at home.

Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.

____ 1. While providing oral medications, the nurse recognizes which of the following is true regarding the
absorption rate of a medication? (Select all that apply.)
A. The drug’s level of fat solubility should be high to ensure absorption.
B. A medication will be more readily absorbed if it has a high pH.
C. A drug will be more readily absorbed if it is acidic in nature.
D. Absorption will be more rapid if it is provided in liquid form.
E. Absorption is slower in the presence of food.
F. A lozenge should be chewed to release the maximum amount of medication.

____ 2. While caring for multiple clients on the medical/surgical unit, the nurse would monitor which of the
following individuals for potential liver toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
A. A 14-year-old patient taking atomoxetine (Strattera) who has a history of ADHD
B. A 44-year-old patient admitted for pneumonia who has been taking acetaminophen
(Tylenol)
C. A 63-year-old patient with a history of atrial fibrillation who has an irregular apical
pulse
D. A 19-year-old patient with a history of alcohol abuse admitted for a tonsillectomy
E. A 71-year-old patient with a history of tuberculosis who took isoniazid (Laniazid)
F. A 15-year-old patient who took multiple aspirin as part of a suicide attempt

____ 3. While working in the gastrointestinal diagnostic clinic, the nurse identifies which of the following
individuals as at high risk for developing a gastric ulcer? (Select all that apply.)
A. A 41-year-old patient with a family history of Crohn’s disease
 B. A 54-year-old patient who reports smoking 1.5 packs of cigarettes/day for the past
40 years
C. A 29-year-old patient taking misoprostol (Cytotec)
D. A 16-year-old patient with a 6-month history of bulimia
E. A 44-year-old patient who reports taking ibuprofen (Advil) daily for low back pain

____ 4. While providing medications to clients in the long-term care facility, which of the following actions
would the nurse use to prevent gastrointestinal side effects? (Select all that apply.)
A. Give clients yogurt to prevent diarrhea.
B. Increase client intake of fiber to reduce gastric motility.
C. Provide milk or food with some medications to reduce the occurrence of nausea.
D. Improve absorption of the medication by giving it at night with a large snack.
E. Prevent constipation by providing fiber laxatives.
Chapter 2. Basics of Pharmacology
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate

TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Medication Provision; antivirals
KEY: Analysis MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Absorption (p. 15). When administering an ointment for a rash, make sure the skin is clean and
dry.
2. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Anticoagulant therapy KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Distribution (p. 16): The blood-placental barrier helps to filter drugs and other substances passing
from mother to fetus. Most lipid-soluble drugs readily cross this barrier but water-soluble drugs do not.
Warfarin (Coumadin) is fat-soluble and crosses the placental barrier while heparin does not. They are not the
same medication and cost is not part of the therapeutic decision.
3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Medication Administration; antivirals
KEY: Analysis MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Metabolism (p. 16): The liver does most of the work of drug metabolism. In some instances, a
drug is administered in its inactive form to become activated through metabolism. This category of drugs is
known as prodrugs. An example of a prodrug is fosamprenavir (Lexiva).
4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Antidiabetics KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Metabolism (p. 16): Insulin given by mouth is virtually useless; stomach acid breaks down insulin
to an inactive form before it can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Oral diabetic medications are not forms of
insulin; they stimulate the pancreas to release insulin.
5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Antibiotics KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Issues Affecting the Drug Cycle (p. 17): Gentamicin is known to be both nephrotoxic (toxic to the
kidneys) and ototoxic (toxic to the ears). Thus, kidney function and hearing would be monitored closely. The
EGFR is the best measurement of kidney function. Normal value is >60 mL/min. While the client’s
hemoglobin is low, the kidney function is more concerning. An elevated WBC count is expected in the
presence of an infection, which is the reason antibiotic therapy is provided. Routine blood levels to monitor
drug dosage is expected to help prevent toxicity.
6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Hard
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Antibiotics KEY: Application
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Issues Affecting Drug Cycle (p. 18): Antagonist drugs do the opposite by rendering another drug
less powerful. The antibiotic tetracycline becomes ineffective when it is taken with penicillin. Amoxicillin
clavulanate is a penicillin derivative.
7. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Muscle relaxants KEY: Application
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See The Importance of Side Effects (p. 18): Muscle relaxants such as Flexeril cause dizziness and
drowsiness in addition to their intended actions.
 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Anti-inflammatory agents KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 19): Clients who take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications on a long-term
basis run the risk of developing ulcers. This client is the most unstable and should be seen first.
9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Anti-inflammatory agents KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 19): If kidney damage or impairment is suspected, BUN levels may be monitored
to evaluate kidney function. Clients taking anti-inflammatory agents are at increased risk of kidney damage
because these drugs are primarily metabolized through the kidneys instead of the liver.
10. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Hard
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Anticoagulants KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 19): Any patient taking an anticoagulant such as Coumadin to decrease clotting
should be carefully monitored for signs of bleeding, including dark tarry stools. Coumadin levels should be
monitored to ensure the drug level is therapeutic but not toxic.
11. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate TOP: Therapeutic Classification: NA
KEY: Analysis MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 19): A serious problem is the use of oxygen in premature infants. At high doses,
oxygen is very damaging to the eyes. For this reason, oxygen is now used at the lowest therapeutic dose
possible for all age groups. This oxygen saturation level is very good, has been stable for 4 hours, and thus a
trial on lower concentrations is warranted. Transfer out of ICU will depend on additional factors. Long-term
use of oxygen can’t be determined at this time.

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. ANS: A, C, D, E PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Therapeutic Classification: NA

KEY: Analysis MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Absorption (p. 15): The more soluble a medication is in fat or lipids, the more easily it is absorbed
through the stomach. Medications with a low (acidic) pH are easily absorbed in the stomach. Liquid
medications act faster than pills. A large amount of food slows absorption. If a patient sucks on a lozenge,
more medication is released in the mouth than if the lozenge is chewed or swallowed.
2. ANS: B, D, E, F PTS: 1 DIF: Hard
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Medication Administration KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 18): Alcohol, acetaminophen, isoniazid, and aspirin can cause liver damage.
3. ANS: B, E PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Anti-inflammatory agents KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 19): The synthetic prostaglandin misoprostol (Cytotec) may be given to prevent
the development of ulcers. Clients taking anti-inflammatory agents such as ibuprofen are at increased risk for
ulcer formation. These patients are also urged to stop smoking to reduce the risk of ulcers.
4. ANS: A, C, E PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate
TOP: Therapeutic Classification: Medication Administration KEY: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Category: Pharmacological Therapies
NOT: See Side Effects (p. 19): Side effects are managed on an individual basis. Some medications require
ingestion with milk or food. For certain drugs, adding yogurt to the diet is suggested to prevent diarrhea, and
other drugs may require the addition of a high-fiber laxative to the diet to prevent constipation. Fiber will
increase GI motility. The presence of food slows absorption rates.
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again. Many who have at some time been numbered with the saints
have later, like Judas, turned out to be betrayers.
Benedict Arnold battled nobly for the American colonies, but he
blackened his fair name beyond the power of rehabilitation when he
plotted to secure and betray West Point. It is pathetic to read of his
last hours in London when he donned his old American uniform, put
on the insignia that Washington gave him after his victory at
Saratoga, and said: “Let me die in this old uniform in which I fought
my battles. May God forgive me for ever putting on any other.”
This reminds us of Esau’s remorse when he lost his chieftainship,
and the despair of Judas after selling his Master. Infidelity to trust is
an awful sin. Unfaithfulness is inexcusable and often brings with it
direst penalty. It is a gradually increasing sin. There is first a lack of
love to God. Then, like Peter on the sea and Elijah under the juniper
tree, disbelief creeps into the heart, earnestness is lost,
unwatchfulness results, joy vanishes and unholy living follows. In the
end, unless there is a returning to God like the prodigal son to his
father, death becomes sad and eternity awful.

DEAD ON THE FIELD OF HONOR.

Faithfulness is a beautiful and noble characteristic, which never

fails to bring respect and honor. Fame comes only to a few, but
faithfulness should actuate the life of every boy. Latour D’Auberque
was only a private soldier who defended alone a fort in a mountain
pass against a regiment of Austrian soldiers. He knew it was
important that the Austrian army should not pass through this
mountain defile, and he hastened to inform the garrison of their
approach. When he arrived he found the soldiers had deserted,
leaving their guns.
D’Auberque loaded rapidly and fired upon the advancing
regiment, causing fearful havoc. For one hour he kept the Austrians
at bay. Finally he raised a flag and sounded a bugle, thus announcing
the fort would surrender if the garrison should be permitted to carry
out their arms and depart in safety. The proposition was accepted,
and D’Auberque took his arms full of guns and marched out alone.
“Where are the others?” cried the Austrians. “There are no others,”
replied the brave grenadier. “I defended the fort alone.” The
Austrians threw their caps in the air and shouted “Hurrah!” They
honored the man who could and would stand alone, though many of
their comrades had fallen under his fire. When Napoleon heard of
the brave action, he offered to make him an officer, but D’Auberque
refused to accept. One day he was killed in battle. Whenever after the
roll was called, a grenadier, by the command of Napoleon, stepped
forward and answered, “Dead on the field of honor.”

THE PROMISE TO THE “FAITHFUL UNTO DEATH.”

When John was banished by the cruel Domitian to the isle of

Patmos, he had a vision in which he was commanded to write to the
pastor of the church in Smyrna concerning many things. He closed
his letter with these words: “Be thou faithful unto death, and I will
give thee a crown of life.” What a promise! No other person ever
offered such a reward with such a condition. Faithfulness must
characterize the aspirant, not for a few days, months or years, but
“unto death.” Then there are no terrors for the Christian. As the bee
loses its power to hurt when its sting has been removed, so death had
no sting for the child of God. It lost its power to harm when Christ
died for us.

THE ARAB MARTYR.

It was about three hundred and fifty years ago that a martyrdom
took place, long considered legendary, but which was verified in
1853. An Arab baby was taken by Spanish soldiers and brought to
Oran to be sold as a slave. The good Vicar-general, Juan Caro,
bought him and named him Geronimo. When he was eight years of
age, some Arab slaves escaped from Oran, and, thinking to do the
boy a kindness, took him with them. For years he lived with his
people as a Mahometan, but the holy faith which through Juan Caro
had been planted in the boy’s heart had taken firm root and could
not be destroyed. For twenty-five years he remained with them and
then ran away and returned to the Vicar-general. “Because I wished
to live henceforth in the faith of the Divine Saviour,” he said, “I
returned to you.” Juan Caro was delighted. He received the young
Arab as a lost child.
Soon after he entered the Spanish Guard as a soldier and after
performing many brave acts received a high military position. He
married and for ten years nothing but happiness shone into his life.
He won the respect and confidence of all. He was Juan Caro’s right
hand man, and his wife was a daughter to his adopted father. One
bright May day in 1569 news came to Oran that a small Arab
encampment was a short distance away. The rumor did not seem
important. A handful of Spaniards could easily manage the Arabs, at
least so thought Geronimo. Taking nine soldiers he manned a little
boat and rowed out of the safe harbor and along the blue sea past the
coral fishery of Mers-el-Kebir. Suddenly two Moorish brigantines
which had been lying in wait chased and ran them down. The nine
soldiers escaped but Geronimo, who was a marked man, was seized
and carried to Euldij Ali, the Calabrian renegade. A great cry spread
among the Arabs through Algeria that the apostate was captured.
The Moors who knew his history made a solemn vow that they would
restore him to his old religion. For this they sent Marabouts to
convert him with arguments and fair promises, but they returned
discomfited to Euldij Ali. Another method was now tried. Geronimo
was loaded with chains, treated with the utmost cruelty and when
faint from torture and scarcely able to speak, the Marabouts stood
around him offering him liberty, power, honor and riches. No offer,
however, made him deny his faith, no longing for freedom made him
forswear for one single moment his religion. Once, after some most
horrible threats, he raised his poor suffering head, and with a voice
so weak it could scarcely be heard, he said, “They think they will
make me a Mahometan, but that they shall never do, even if they kill
me.”
For four months Euldij Ali gloated over the daily tortures he was
inflicting on Geronimo. At last the sameness of cruelty palled upon
him, and he was determined to invent a new and more hideous
revenge for the stubbornness of his captive. One morning the desired
idea came to him. Examining the works of a fort by the gate of Bab-
el-Oned, he saw a block of beton standing by the great stones. This
block was a mould in the shape of the immense stones, filled with a
kind of concrete. When the concrete was sufficiently hardened, the
wall was to be built with it.
Here was the height of torture. Here was the most exquisitely
painful death man might devise! The dog of a slave should be laid in
a similar mould, the liquid plaster poured over him, and the
renegade, built alive into the wall, should be converted into stone.
Calling a mason he said: “Michel, you see this empty mould of beton?
For the present leave it. I have a mind to make beton of that dog of
Oran who refuses to come back to the faith of Islam.”
The poor mason finished his day’s work with a sad heart. As soon
as he entered the prison where Geronimo was a captive he informed
him of Euldij Ali’s intention. Geronimo calmly answered, “God’s holy
will be done. Let not those miserable men think they will frighten me
out of the faith of Christ by the idea of this cruel death. May my
blessed Saviour only pardon my sins, and preserve my soul.”
The whole of that night the brave young Arab spent in prayer and
preparation for the tortures which he knew were awaiting him.
Between two and three o’clock the next morning a guard summoned
him to the Pasha’s presence, where stood a great multitude of Turks
and Arabs in their gorgeous robes. He was then dragged to the gate
of Bab-el-Oned, being beaten all the way. Euldij Ali addressed him
slowly and clearly. He pointed out every detail of the fearful death,
showed him the block of beton, and then said: “Do you still refuse to
return to the faith of Islam?” “I am a Christian, and as a Christian I
will die,” was Geronimo’s answer. “As you will,” replied the Pasha.
Pointing to the beton, he said, “Then here shall you be buried alive.”
“Do your will. Death shall not make me abandon my faith.” The
Pasha raised his hand. The soldiers stepped forward and removed
the chain from the prisoner’s leg. His hands were bound behind his
back, his legs crossed and tied together. Then, lifting the poor man,
they laid him face downward in the mould. A renegade Spaniard
named Tamango, desiring to show what a fervent Mahometan he
was, jumped on Geronimo’s body and broke his ribs. This act so
pleased Euldij Ali that others followed his example. The plaster was
then poured over him, and the brave Christian was suffocated.
Three hundred years later the noble Arab’s martyrdom was
brought to light and the story verified. In the museum of Algiers is
the cast. It shows a slight figure, a face with veins all swollen, a poor
mouth closed with a patient determined expression, hands tied, legs
swollen, even the broken ribs are distinguished. He was “faithful
unto death.”

REWARD OF FAITHFULNESS.

When Petrarch was crowned at Rome, it was by the supreme

magistrate of the Republic. Twelve youths were arrayed in scarlet.
Six representatives of the most illustrious families, in green robes,
with garlands of flowers, witnessed the scene. When the laurel crown
was placed on his head, the magistrate said, “This is the reward of
merit.” And the people shouted, “Long live the poet.” But you, my
boy, if faithful to the end shall be crowned in the presence of all the
high dignitaries of heaven, by King Jesus, with a crown that fadeth
not away, and a radiance that vies with the brightness of blazing suns
as they run their eternal course.
My boy, with what better exhortation can this volume close than,
“Be faithful”? Being the architects of your own weal or woe, be
courageous like Joshua, self-reliant like Nehemiah, obedient like
Abraham, persevering like Jacob, decisive like Moses, administrative
like Solomon, above reproach like Daniel, long suffering like Paul,
self-disciplined like David, prayerful like Elijah, masters of passions
like Joseph, bold like Peter, self-surrendered like Noah, Godlike like
Enoch, faith-acting like Abel, and in all things, with all persons, at all
time exemplify the spirit of the Christ.
Be faithful. Faithful to your Christian profession, faithful to your
church, faithful to Christ, faithful under all circumstances and in all
places, faithful unto death. Above the grave of his hero Homer
inscribed the words, “He was a brave man.” Above his hero Plato
wrote, “He was a wise man.” Above his hero Alcibiades said, “He was
a rich man,” but the motto for the Christian’s tomb is that which is
sculptured beneath Lincoln’s great name and which he wished above
all things history might write of him: “He was faithful.” And that of
Rev. Henry Weston Smith, who was killed by the Indians while on
his way from Deadwood, Dakota, to preach at Crook City, “Faithful
unto death.”
 When Allen K. Capron was killed at Las Guasimas, his father lifted
the hat that covered his face, and said, “Well done, my boy.” May
others say of you, “He was faithful,” and may Christ say to you, “Well
done!”
“Here’s a hand to the boy who has courage
To do what he knows to be right.
When he falls in the way of temptation,
He has a hard battle to fight.
Who strives against self and his comrades
Will find a most powerful foe;
All honor to him if he conquers;
A cheer for the boy who says, ‘No!’

“There’s many a battle fought daily

The world knows nothing about.
There’s many a brave young soldier
Whose strength puts a legion to rout.
And he who fights sin single-handed
Is more of a hero, I say
Than he who leads soldiers to battle,
And conquers by arms in the fray.

“Be steadfast, my boy, when you’re tempted,

And do what you think to be right;
Stand firm by the colors of manhood,
And you will o’ercome in the fight.
‘The right’ be your battle-cry ever
In waging the warfare of life;
And God, who knows who are the heroes,
Will give you the strength for the strife.”

“My Pledge.”

I WILL
Keep to the right as the law directs,
Keep from the world my friends’ defects.
Keep all my thoughts on the purest themes,
Keep from my eyes the motes and beams.
Keep true my deeds, my honor bright,
Keep firm my faith in God and right.
Keep free from every sin and stain,
Keep from the ways that bring me pain.
 Keep free my tongue from words of ill,
Keep right my aim, and good my will.
Keep all my acts from passion free,
Keep strong my hope, no envy see.
Keep watchful care o’er tongue and hand.
Keep firm my feet, by justice stand.
Keep true my word, a sacred thing,
Keep from the snares the tempters bring.
Keep faith with each I call a friend,
Keep full in view the final end.
Keep firm my courage, bold and strong,
Keep up the right and down the wrong.
Keep well the words of wisdom’s school,
Keep warm by night, by day keep cool.

My Symphony.

“To live content with small means, to seek elegance rather than
luxury, and refinement rather than fashion; to be worthy, not
respectable, and wealthy, not rich; to study hard, think quietly, talk
gently, act frankly, to listen to stars and birds, to babes and sages,
with open heart; to bear all cheerfully, do all bravely, await
occasions, hurry never;—in a word, to let the spiritual, unbidden and
unconscious, grow up through the common. This is to be my
symphony.”
William Henry Channing.
 TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

Page Changed from Changed to

The practice is unfit a
The practice is unfit for a
111 scholar or a
scholar or a gentleman.
gentleman.

1. Silently corrected obvious typographical errors and

variations in spelling.
2. Retained archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings
as printed.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STEPPING
STONES TO MANHOOD ***

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