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Digital Electrinics Lab Report

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9 views7 pages

Digital Electrinics Lab Report

Uploaded by

Zakaria Mucheru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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BASIC GATES LAB REPORT

Objectives

1. To study basic logic gates and its Boolean expressions.


2. To verify logic functions of logic gates.
3. To study applications of basic logic gates.
4. To understand the conversion of basic logic gates.
5. To study the use of various integrated- circuit logic families.

Components/equipment

 ETS-81001A Main unit


 ETS-83001 digital logic circuit experiment module(1)
 ETS-83002 Digital logic circuit experiment module (2)

Theory/ background

Logic circuit stake a series of decisions necessary the logic answer to a


problem having a given set of conditions. To make logic decisions, the
following basic gates are:

 AND gate
 NOT gate
 OR gate
 NOR gate
 NAND gate
 EX-NOR gate
 EX-OR gate
Basic logic gates
1. Not gate
NOT gate performs inverting operation (complementing)

It inverts the state or value of a function or variables to its complement.


Performing a NOT operation on a function or variable which is a 1
results in a 0and vice-versa. Several notations are used to indicate a
NOT operation such as an asterisks, star, prime, etc. the most common
is an over-bar on a function or a variable. “NOT X” or the compliment of
X is written as x

Its Boolean expression is ;

Y=A

Its logic symbol and truth table is;

2. AND gate

AND gate performs operation similar to binary multiplication. It has two


or more inputs and a single output. It produces an output of 1 when all
the inputs are 1s else the output is a 0.

It Boolean expression is;

Y=AB or A.B or AXB for two inputs

Or Y=ABC or A.B.C or AXBXC for three inputs.


Its logic symbol is;

Its logic symbol is;

Its truth table is;

inputs outputs

X Y Y

0 0 0

0 1 0

1 0 0

1 1 1

3. OR gate

OR gate operates similar to binary addition. It has two or more inputs.


It produces an output of 1 when one of the inputs is 1 elsse the output
is 0.

It Boolean expression is;

Y=A+B for two inputs and Y=A+B+C for three inputs.

It logic symbol is

Its truth table is;

inputs outputs

X Y Y

0 0 0
0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 1

4. NAND gate

The NAND is an AND gate followed by an INVERTOR/NOT gate. It has


two or more inputs and produces and output of 1 when one of the
inputs is a 0 and output of 0 when all the inputs are 1s.its Boolean
expression is; Y=AB or ABC Its logic symbol is;

Its truth table for two inputs is;

inputs outputs

X Y Y

0 0 1

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0
5. NOR gate

The NOR gate is an OR gate followed by an INVERTOR/ NOT gate. It has


two or more inputs and produces an output of 1 when all inputs are 0s
else the output is 0.

Its Boolean expression is

Y=A+B

Its logic symbol is;


Its truth table for two inputs is;

inputs outputs

X Y Y

0 0 1

0 1 0

1 0 0

1 1 0
6. EX-OR gate

It has two inputs and produces an output of 1 when the inputs are
different else the output is 0. Its Boolean expression is;

Its logic symbol is;

Its truth table is;

inputs outputs

X Y Y

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0
7. EX-NOR gate

It has two inputs and produces an output of 1 when the inputs are
similar and an output of 0 when the inputs are different. Its Boolean
expression is;

Its logic symbol is;

Its truth table is;

inputs outputs

X Y Y
0 0 1

0 1 0

1 0 0

1 1 1

Procedure

Supply the kit with 15v dc. Fixed voltage input and connect OR gates as
shown on the circuit given. Vary the inputs A, B and C using the
switches. When the switch is HIGH the input variable is a 1 and when it
is at LOW the input is a 0. Observe the outputs on the led on the kit.

Data

Inputs
A B Output voltage
0 0 0
0 1 4.3
1 0 4.3
1 1 4.3

Discussion

The AND gates produces an output of 0 when one of the switches is in


LOW therefore the led does not light and an output of 1 when all the
switches are in HIGH position, hence the output led lights.

OR gate produces an output of 1 when one of the input switches is in


HIGH position and 0 when all the switches are in LOW position

Conclusion
Hence the gates are used to make decisions basing on their predefined
conditions of the inputs.

Reference

Digital electronics lab amnual

Basic electronics book

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