Discourse Markers
Discourse Markers
Discourse Markers
COMMON: well, you know, actually, like, you see, I mean, basically, so, right, okay, and, but, or,
because,..
AGREE:
- My thoughts exactly
- I can’t agree more
- Of course/ Totally/ Without a doubt
- I do see eye to eye with you/them on this
- Anyone with any sense would agree that..
- That’s totally what I think too
- That’s also my take on this..
- I couldn’t put it better myself
- Yah, tell me about it
- That’s also how I feel about that….
DISAGREE:
- In fact
- As a matter of fact
- Clearly
- Of course
- As you probably know
- It may be stating the obvious but I still need to say this
- It’s a no-brainer that…
- It goes without saying that..
- Needless to say
- Without a/a shred/ shadow of a doubt,..
GIVING EXAMPLES
- for example
- for instance
- one example is
- a good example is
- probably the best example that I can think of is
- a case in point is
- take ….by way of example
- a typical example of this is that
- to illustrate
- this can be exemplified by the fact that………
REPEATING A POINT
- as I was saying
- as I say
- as I said
- as I said earlier
- as I told you before
- as I said earlier
- Probably I told you this before, I mean
CONTRAST
- Alternatively
- In contrast
- Having said that: nói vậy nhưng mà
- However
- On the other hand, though,..
- But then again
- Even so (even if that’s true, it is also true that) thậm chi vậy nhưng mà
- Be it as it may
- That said
-
LISTING
- For one thing/ for another/ another reason why
- First of all (more natural than firstly)
- As far as cars are concerned,
- With regard to cars
- And as for cars
- When it comes to cars
- Let’s not forget
- Another thing (more natural than secondly)
- Another factor to take into consideration
- Another reason why motorbikes are popular is
- What’s more (instead of moreover/ furthermore/ in addition/
- First/second/finally (don’t overuse them)
- As well
- As well as
- Above all
- On top of that
PARAPHRASING
- I mean
- In other words: nói cách khác là
- I suppose what I’m saying is
- What I mean is: ý tôi là
- What Im trying to say is
- What I meant to say was
- What meant was
- Or simply put
- Or to put it simply: nói đơn giản là
- Or well, let me put it this way
- Sorry, what I intended to say was………..
- Did I say…..? I meant to say……
- Let me put that another way………: để tôi nói cách khác
- Or rather……
CLARIFY:
Let me explain
CONCLUDING
- So you see
- So
- So, to sum up
- So, anyway
- Anyway, as I said
- Anyway, that’s why
- Above all
- All things considered
- All in all
- At the end of the day
- ultimately
OTHERS
- And so on/ and so forth/ etcetera/ to name but a few/ you name it: vv
- Sorry/ pardon/ can you repeat that?/ Im not sure I understand correctly, can you repeat that?
- Im sorry what do you mean by…?
I DON’T KNOW
YES/NO QUESTIONS:
- YES
+ make it stronger: of course/ definitely/ absolutely/ 100 percent yes/ without a doubt/ for
sure/ in a word-yes
+ make it milder: not really/ maybe/ probably/ that’s probably a good thing/ Im not really sure/ I
cant say for sure/ but…I would say so
- NO
+ make it stronger: definitely – absolutely NO/ No way/ in a word-NO/ That’s a big no-no for me
Never in my life have I………
+ make it milder: not really/ Im not entirely sure / I wouldn’t say
PART 2:
- Gom chủ đề liên quan nhau: về vật, người, công trình,.. biến hóa linh hoạt
+ when: if I remember rightly/ correctly = if my memory serves me right = If my memory serves, it was
when… = I still remember very vividly the day …
+ to my surprise, S+ V
FEELING 2 - happy
+ I was enthralled..
+ I was elated…
+ I felt jubilant
- FEELING 3: angry
+ I flew off the handle
+ I was teeming with anger
+ I was consumed with anger
+ I was furious/ livid
+ I completely lost it
+ It really ticked me off
+ It bugged me
+ It drove me crazy
+ It got to me..
+ It was a pain…
- It’s really conditional upon where you’re looking at this matter. If you are talking about….If you are
talking about…. It might be a completely different story - phụ thuộc
- Whether ….is still a moot point really. Some people say that………, but it also makes a lot of sense to
think that…..personal speaking vấn đề chưa rõ ràng có nhiều ý kiến trái chiều nhưng vẫn hợp tình
hợp nghĩa
- Im not sure what my take on this is…of course I know that …..but it might not be the case if you factor
in the fact that…… (cá nhân) đề cập mặt tốt của 1 vấn đề nhưng còn có vấn đề negative ….
- Im in two minds about whether ……….I mean of course you can say that but you also need to factor in
the fact that…..
- It varies from person to person/ country to country/ religion to religion… (chia tách)
- It varies much more significantly on an individual level rather than on a gender level
- If Im to level with you, Im not sure what my take on this is. On the one hand, I understand where those
who think that……….are coming from. I mean they may think that………but anyone with any sense would
also agree that……. (thành thật mà nói)
Even though I cant speak for everyone, I suppose that it is pastime for most older people or
the ones enjoying spending time in a quiet and serene places….
It depends….