Title: Trigonometry

Chapter: Trigonometry
Approximate Time to Complete (to be filled by student): ________________________
Total Marks Scored:
Worksheet Compiled By: Prashant Jain (PJ Sir)

 Attempt the worksheet in one go. See answers in one go at the end.
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Trigonometric Inequalities :
To solve a trigonometric inequality, transform it into many basic trigonometric inequalities. The transformation process
proceeds exactly the same as in solving trigonometric equations. The common period of a trigonometric inequality is
the least common multiple of all periods of the trigonometric functions presented in the inequality. For example :
the trigonometric inequality sinx + sin2x + cos x/2 < 1 has 4 as common period. Unless specified, the solution set of
a trigonometric inequality must be solved, at least, within one whole common period.
Example: Find the solution set of inequality sinx > 1/2.
Solution: When sinx = 1/2, the two values of x between 0 and 2 are /6 and 5/6.

0 
x
–2 – 2
–1

y = sinx

From, the graph of y = sinx, it is obvious that, between 0 and 2sinx > 1/2  /6 < x < 5/6.
Hence sinx >1/2  2n + /6 < x < 2n + 5/6, n  
  The required solution set is  (2n + /6, 2n + 5/6)
nI

Self practice problems

(1) Solve the following inequations
(i) (sinx – 2) (2sinx–1) < 0 (ii) sinx + 3 cosx  1

 5   
Ans. (i) x   6  2n, 6  2n  (ii) x  [– +2n, 2n ]
n  nI 6 2

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Heights and distances :

Angle of elevation and depression :

Let OX be a horizontal line and P be a point which is above point O. If an observer (eye of observer) is
at point O and an object is lying at point P then XOP is called angle of elevation as shown in figure. If
an observer (eye of observer) is at point P and object is at point O then QPO is called angle of
depression.
Q P

O X

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 Exercise – I

1. Solve tan2 x  1

2. Solve 2sin2x – sinx – 1 > 0

3. Solve 3 cot   1

4. Two pillars of equal height stand on either side of a roadway which is 60 m wide. At a point in the roadway
between the pillars, the angle of elevation of the top of pillars are 60º and 30º. Then find height of pillars -

5. If the angles of elevation of the top of a tower from two points distance a and b from the base and in the same
straight line with it are complementary, then find the height of the tower :

6. From the top of a cliff 25 m high the angle of elevation of a tower is found to be equal to the angle of depression
of the foot of the tower. Then find height of the tower –

7. The complete solution of inequality sec23x < 2 is

 n  n    n  n 
(A) x   – ,   , n  (B) x   – ,   , n 
 3 12 3 12   3 12 3 6 
     n  n 
(C) x   n – ,n   , n  (D) x   – ,   , n 
 12 12   3 6 3 6

8. The complete solution of inequality 2cos2x – 7 cosx + 3 < 0 is

   
(A) n – < x < + n (B) 2n – < x < + 2n
3 3 6 6
   
(C) 2n – < x < + 2n (D) n – < x < + n
3 3 6 6

9. The complete solution of inequality cos 2x  cos x is

    2 2 
(A) x  2n – , 2n   (B) x  2n – , 2n 
 3 3  3 3 
 2   2 
(C) x   2n, 2n  (D) x  2n – , 2n 
 3   3 

10. Which of the following set of values of x satisfy the inequation tan2x – (1 + 3 ) tan x + 3<0
  4n  1   3n  1     2n  1   2n  1  
(A) 

,  , (n  Z) (B) 

,  , (n  Z)
 4 3   4 3 
  4n  1   4n  1    
(C)  ,  , (n  Z) (D) x   ,

 4 3 
 4 2 

11. A tree 12 m high, is broken by the wind in such a way that its top touches the ground and makes an angle 60º
with the ground. The height from the bottom of the tree from where it is broken by the wind is approximately
(A) 5.57 m (B) 5.21 (C) 5.36 (D) 5.9

12. AB is a vertical pole and C is the middle point. The end A is on the level ground and P is any point on the
level ground other than A. The portion CB subtends an angle  at P. If AP : AB = 2 : 1, then  is equal to-
 1 4 5 2
(A) tan–1   (B) tan–1   (C) tan–1   (D) tan–1  
9    9 9   9
 

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13. A round balloon of radius r subtends an angle  at the eye of the observer, while the angle of elevation of its
centre is . The height of the centre of balloon is-
   
(A) r cosec  sin (B) r sin  cosec (C) r sin cosec  (D) r cosec sin 
2 2 2 2

14. If the angle of elevation of a cloud from a point 200 m above a lake is 30º and the angle of depression of its
reflection in the lake is 60º, then the height of the cloud above the lake, is
(A) 200 m (B) 500 m (C) 30 m (D) 400 m

15. A man on the top of a vertical tower observes a car moving at a uniform speed coming directly towards it. If
it takes 12 minutes for the angle of depression to change from 30º to 45º, then the car will reach the tower in
(A) 17 minutes 23 seconds (B) 16 minutes 23 seconds
(C) 16 minutes 18 seconds (D) 18 minutes 22 seconds

(Match the column)

1. Column - I Column - II

(A) tan 9°  tan 27°  tan 63° + tan 81° (p) 1

(B) cosec 10° – 3 sec 10° (q) 2
 sec 5 cos 40 
(C) 2 2 sin10   – 2 sin 35  (r) 3
 2 sin 5 
(D) 3 (cot 70º + 4 cos 70º) (s) 4

2. Column –  Column – 
1
(A) If for some real x, the equation x + = 2 cos  holds, (p) 2
x
then cos  is equal to

(B) If sin  + cosec  = 2, then sin2008  + cosec2008 is equal to (q) 1

(C) Maximum value of sin4 + cos4 is (r) 0

(D) Least value of 2 sin2 + 3 cos2 is (s) –1

3. Column –  Column – 

    

(A) Number of solutions of sin2 + 3 cos  = 3 (p) 0

in [– , ]

(B) Number of solutions of sin x . tan 4x = cos x (q) 1

in (0, )

(C) Number of solutions of equation (r) 4

2
   
(1 – tan ) (1 + tan ) sec2 + 2tan = 0 where     ,
 2 2 
(D) If [sin x] + [ 2 cosx] = – 3, where x  [0, 2] (s) 5
then [sin 2x] equals (Here [.] denotes G.I.F.)

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 Answer Key
  
1. x  n  ,n   : n  I
 4 4
 7 11 
2.  2n  6 , 2n  6 
 
3.   (n/3, n + /2]

4. 15 3 m

5. ab

6. 50 m

7. (A) 8. (C) 9. (B) 10. (A) 11. (A) 12. (D) 13. (D)
14. (D) 15. (B)

Match the column

1. ((A)  (s), (B)  (s), (C)  (s), (D)  (r))
2. ((A)  (q, s), (B)  (p), (C)  (q), (D)  (p))
3. ((A)  (q), (B)  (s), (C)  (r), (D)  (p))

Solutions
  
1. x  n  ,n   : n  I
 4 4 
 7 11 
2.  2n  6 , 2n  6 
 
3.   (n/3, n + /2]

4. 15 3 m

5. ab

6. 50 m

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