13th TP-Final-Report-Vol-2-part2

Final Report
(Volume 2, Part 2)
Transient Stability Analysis and

Light load Study
Power system studies for Intra-State

Transmission plan from year 2019-20 to
2021-22 for OPTCL, Odisha
Odisha Power Transmission Corporation

Limited.
Janapath, Bhubaneswar - 751022
Feb 2017
Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt.

Ltd.
# 5, 11th cross, 2nd stage,
West of chord road, Bangalore - 560 086, Karnataka.
Tel: +91- 80-2319 2209 /4245 5555 Fax: 23192210
E-mail – [email protected]. Web site: www.prdcinfotech.com
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OPTCL Transmission Plan – 13 Plan Feb 2017
Document reference details:

Purchase Order No : CP-12/2015/10043(8)/epc dated 17 October 2015.
Document reference No : PRDC/2016-2017/OPTCL-M/777
Revision Index
Revision Description Date Remarks
0 Preliminary report 20.10.2015 -
Final report (Volume 1) for year

2018-19 is submitted as per the
0 Final report (Volume 1) 23.12.2015
client request received on
23.12.2015
Draft report
0 (Part 1 – Load flow short 07.01.2016 -
circuit)
Draft report
0 (Part 2 – light load and 07.01.2016 -
transient)
Final report
0 (Volume 2, Part 1 – Load 01.08.2016 Based on the draft report comments
flow & short circuit) received on 20.04.2016,
Final report 13.07.2016 and compliance
0 (Volume 2, Part 2 – light 01.08.2016 statement sent on 15.07.2016.
load and transient)
Internal Approval
Power Research & Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd 2

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Transmission planning studies for 13th plan covers load flow, contingency, short circuit,
transient stability and light load studies for the years 2019-20 up to 2021-22. Preliminary
report covering load flow, contingency and short circuit studies for year 2018-19 was
submitted on 20.10.2015. Draft report (part 1) covering load flow, contingency and short
circuit studies for year 2021-22 and draft report (part 2) covering transient stability and
light load studies for the horizon year 2021-22 was submitted on 07.01.2016. Final report
is prepared in two volumes; Final report (volume 1) covering load flow, contingency and
short circuit studies for year 2018-19 was submitted on 23.12.2015.
Further, final report (Volume 2) is prepared in two parts. Final report (Volume 2, part 1)
covers load flow, contingency and short circuit studies for year 2019-20, 2020-21 and
2021-22. Present final report (Volume 2, part 2) covers transient stability and light load
studies for the horizon year 2021-22.
Transient Stability Studies:
Transient stability studies for year 2021-22 were simulated considering various types of
disturbances detailed in CEA transmission planning criteria such as three phase to
ground fault on 765 kV lines, single line to ground fault on one circuit of 765 kV D/C lines
with unsuccessful re-closure, three phase to ground fault on 400 kV lines, single line to
ground fault on one circuit of 400 kV D/C lines with unsuccessful re-closure, three phase
to ground fault on 220 kV lines, outage of 400 kV interstate lines, outage of 400/220 kV
interconnecting transformer, generator outages and load disturbances. Also, cases were
simulated to find the critical clearing time of generators.
Based on the transient stability studies simulated for the disturbances created on 765kV,
400kV & 220kV lines, 400/220kV interconnecting transformers, generator outages and
load disturbances of OPTCL system, it is observed that the system is stable and the
frequency and rotor angle swing damp adequately with respect to time.
Light Load Studies

Load flow study is simulated for year 2021-22 considering the system light load
conditions. Around 60% of system peak demand (44% of load at 11 kV and 33 kV level
and 100% of industrial and traction loads) is considered for the light load studies. From
the past data it is observed that system light load is occurring from October to December
period during which hydro generation is minimum. Hence, minimum hydro generation is
considered for light load studies. Further generations from thermal units are reduced to
account for scheduled maintenance. All the existing reactors in Odisha along with PGCIL
proposed reactors have been considered in the present light load studies.
Power Research & Development consultants Pvt. Ltd 3

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 Around 255 MVAr of capacitor banks are switched off at 33 kV buses of many
132/33 kV substations out of a total of 1210 MVAr of capacitor banks considered
up to year 2021-22.
 It is observed that, voltage at 400 kV bus of proposed Narendrapur 400/220 kV

substation is close to 1.05 pu. Hence it is recommended to install 80 MVAr bus
reactor at Narendrapur 400/220 kV substation in order to control voltage during
light load condition.
 Also, 765 kV bus reactors 240 MVAr each at Begunia and OTPCL generation
switchyard, 2x240 MVAr 765 kV line reactors in Begunia to OTPCL 765 kV D/C
line at Begunia end and 2x240 MVAr 765 kV line reactors in Angul to OTPCL 765
kV D/C line at Angul end are considered in the study.
 With existing bus/line reactors and planned PGCIL bus/line reactors in Odisha, it
is observed that voltages at all the substations in Odisha are well within the
voltage limits prescribed by CEA.

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ACRONYMS
CEA Central Electricity Authority
CPP Captive Power Plant
D/C Double circuit
ICT Inter Connecting Transformer
IEEE Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers
IPP Independent Power Producer
NALCO National Aluminum Company
NBVL Nava Bharat Ventures Limited
NHPC National Hydroelectric Power Corporation
NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation
NINL Neelachal Ispat Nigam Limited
OHPC Odisha Hydro Power Corporation Limited
OPCL Odisha Power Consortium Limited
OPGC Odisha Power Generation Corporation
OPTCL Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited
PGCIL Power Grid Corporation Of India Limited
PRDC Power Research and Development Consultants Private Limited
RSP Rourkela Steel Plant
S/C Single circuit
S/S Substation
STPS Super Thermal Power Station
TTPS Talcher Thermal Power Station

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. 3
1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 8
2. Scope of Work ........................................................................................................... 9
3. System Data ............................................................................................................ 10
3.1 System data for transient stability study ................................................................... 10
3.2 System data for light load study ............................................................................... 14
4. Transient Stability Study - Methodology ................................................................... 17
5. Transient Stability – Case Studies ........................................................................... 21
5.1 Transmission line outage ......................................................................................... 21
5.2 Interconnecting transformer outage ......................................................................... 37
5.3 Generator outage .................................................................................................... 43
5.4 Observation from transient stability studies .............................................................. 51
6. Light Load Study ...................................................................................................... 52
6.1 Observations and recommendations ....................................................................... 60

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Details of generator parameters considered in the study ............................. 10
Table 3.2: AVR Type-1 data (Typical values) ............................................................... 12
Table 3.3: Hydro turbine governor data (Typical Values) .............................................. 13
Table 3.4: Steam Turbine governor data (Typical Values) ............................................ 14
Table 3.5: List of existing bus/line reactors in Odisha ................................................... 14
Table 3.6: List of bus/line reactors planned by PGCIL for Odisha network ................... 15
Table 3.7: Voltage limits at various voltage level prescribed in CEA’s “Transmission
Planning Criteria” .................................................................................................. 16
Table 4.1: List of case studies conducted for transmission line outages. ...................... 19
Table 4.2: List of case studies conducted for 400/220kV ICT outages. ......................... 19
Table 4.3: List of case studies conducted for generator outages. ................................. 20
Table 4.4: List of case studies conducted for load disturbances. .................................. 20
Table 4.5: List of case studies conducted for critical clearing time. ............................... 20
Table 6.1: State and central sector generations in Odisha ............................................ 52
Table 6.2: CGP generation details considered for year 2021-22 .................................. 52
Table 6.3: IPP generation details considered for year 2021-22 .................................... 54
Table 6.4: Summary of load details considered for light load studies (2021-22) ........... 54
Table 6.5: DISCOM wise loads considered for light load studies (2021-22) .................. 55
Table 6.6: Industrial and CGP loads considered for light load studies (2021-22) .......... 55
Table 6.7: Traction loads considered for light load studies (2021-22) ........................... 57
Table 6.8: Load generation balance details for light load studies (2021-22) ................. 59
Table 6.9: Import-export details for light load studies (2021-22) ................................... 59

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1. INTRODUCTION
Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited (OPTCL) is one of the largest
transmission utilities in the country and was incorporated in March 2004 under the
companies Act, 1956 as a company wholly owned by the government of Odisha to
undertake the business of transmission and wheeling of electricity in the State. The
registered office of the company is at Bhubaneswar, the capital of the state of Odisha. Its
projects and field units are spread all over the State.
OPTCL became fully operational with effect from 9th June 2005 consequent to Odisha
electricity reform (Transfer of transmission and related activities) scheme, 2005 under
the provisions of Electricity Act, 2003 and the Odisha Reforms Act, 1995 by the State
Government for transfer and vesting of transmission related activities of GRIDCO with
OPTCL. The Company has been designated as the State Transmission Utility in terms of
Section 39 of the Electricity Act, 2003.
Presently the company is carrying on the intra state transmission and wheeling of
electricity under a license issued by the Odisha Electricity Regulatory Commission
(OERC). The company is also discharging the functions of State Load Dispatch Center.
The Company owns Extra High Voltage Transmission system and operates about
12,171.194 circuit km of transmission lines at 400 kV, 220 kV, 132 kV levels and 115
nos. of substations with transformation capacity of 14,032 MVA as on June 2015.
In this context, OPTCL has entrusted the work to carry out the transmission planning
studies to prepare OPTCL transmission plan up to end of 13th plan period (2019-20 to
2021-2022) to M/s. Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt. Ltd. vide work
order reference no CP-12/2015/10043(8)/epc dated 17 October 2015.
Present final report Volume 2, part 2 covers transient stability and light load studies for
the horizon year 2021-22. Study observations and recommendations are also highlighted
in this report.

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2. SCOPE OF WORK
The broad scope of work to be carried out by PRDC is as follows,
a) Simulating load flow, short circuit studies for base case network configuration.
b) Simulating load flow studies for peak load conditions with high hydro, Low
hydro and high thermal generation taking the future load growth into account.
This will be done for the period from 2019-20 to 2021-22.
c) Up-gradation and renovation of existing grid substation capacities.
d) Studies with flows on single line diagram as well as on geographical maps.
e) Off-peak study for requirement of reactors.
f) Transient stability studies for strengthening purpose.
g) Short circuit study for determining circuit breaker capacity.
h) Up-gradation of OPTCL system required to evacuate/absorb the state share

of power of the upcoming IPPs.
Preliminary report submitted on 20.10.2015 covered point “a” to “d” and “g” & “h”
specified in the above scope of work for year 2018-19. Draft report (part 1 and part 2)
submitted on 07.01.2016 covered point “b” to “h” specified in the above scope of work for
the year 2021-22.
Final report (volume 1) for year 2018-19 was submitted on 23.12.2015 covered point “a”
to “d” and “g” & “h” specified in the above scope of work.
Present final report (volume 2, Part 2) covers point “e” and “f” specified in the above
scope of work for year 2021-22 by incorporation draft report comments received on
20.04.2016 and 13.07.2016.

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3. SYSTEM DATA
3.1 System data for transient stability study
Transient stability study requires detailed modeling of Generators, Automatic Voltage
Regulators (AVR) and governor control systems as these have a significant effect on
system stability. This section presents the detailed modeling of these components
considered for the study.
Generator parameters:
Table 3.1 present the details of generator parameters considered in the transient stability
study.
Table 3.1: Details of generator parameters considered in the study
Sl.
Capacity 800 MW 660 MW 600 MW 500 MW 350 MW 210 MW 150 MW
No
1 MVA 941 776 705 588 415 247 166.7
2 Type Thermal Thermal Thermal Thermal Thermal Thermal Hydro
3 kV rating 21 21 21 21 21 15.75 11
Direct axis
4 reactance Xd in 2.08 2.22 2.22 2.23 2.23 2.23 0.083
pu
Quadrature axis
5 reactance Xqin 2.04 2.11 2.11 2.19 2.11 2.11 0.57
pu
Direct axis sub
transient
6 " 0.18 0.196 0.196 0.21 0.2 0.21 0.15
reactance X d in
pu
Quadrature axis
sub transient
7 " 0.18 0.24 0.22 0.23 0.25 0.25 0.2
reactance X q in
pu
Negative seq.
8 reactance Xn in 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.27 0.23 0.15
pu
Zero seq.
9 reactance Xo in 0.21 0.12 0.095 0.18 0.15 0.11 0.087
pu
Open circuit time
constant
10 8.6 6.2 6.0 9.14 6.5 7.00 9.70
Transient Direct
axis (T’d0)in sec.
Open circuit time
constant
11 1.80 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0.5
Transient Direct
axis (T’q0) in sec.
Open circuit time
constant Sub-
12 0.033 0.037 0.035 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05
transient Direct
axis (T’’d0) in sec.
Open circuit time
constant Sub-
13 0.05 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.10
transient Direct
axis (T’’q0) in sec.
Inertia constant
14 4.5 4.05 4.05 4.05 2.73 2.73 3.5
(H)

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Modeling of control blocks:
The objective of the control strategy is to generate and deliver power in an
interconnected system as economically and reliably as possible while maintaining the
voltage and frequency within the permissible limits. With a wide range of excitation
system in service and the profusion of people performing analysis of them there has
been considerable variation in definitions of basic quantity and in the nomenclature used.
Responsible bodies throughout the world have been working to unify this field and in
recent years, the IEEE has been quite active in this direction. Based on the discussion
and analysis, IEEE has come up with standard type of governors and AVRs that can
reflect faithfully the response during stability studies more effectively thus giving accurate
picture of system performance during contingencies. Typical parameters considered for
AVR are provided in Table 3.2 and typical parameters of hydro and thermal governor are
presented in Table 3.3 and 3.4 respectively.
Excitation control system
IEEE Type-1 AVR is considered for the study. Figure 3.1 presents the control bock
models.
Figure 3.1: IEEE Type-1 AVR

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Table 3.2: AVR Type-1 data (Typical values)
Sl. No Constant Description Value
1 KA Amplifier gain 100
2 TR Rectifier input filter time constant in sec 0.05
3 TA Amplifier time constant in sec 0.1
4 TE Exciter time constant in sec 0.5
5 KE Exciter constant -0.05
6 KF Regulator stabilizing circuit gain 0.05
5 TF Excitation control system stabilizer time constant 0.5
6 Vse1 Saturation function at 0.75 times maximum field voltage 0.06
7 Vse2 Saturation function at maximum field voltage 0.3
8 Vrmax Maximum amplifier output in pu 1
9 Vrmin Minimum amplifier output in pu -1
10 Efdmax Maximum ceiling voltage in pu 3
11 Efdmin Minimum ceiling voltage in pu 0
Turbine - Governor control system
During increase or decrease of the load, the governor system provides a means for
controlling power and frequency. The control block diagram of hydro governor model is
given in Figure 3.2 and values of the constants used for the study is given in Table 3.3.
P-up
Cmax
Pmax
ref + 1 1 1
  1  sT1 T2 s Ps
+ -
- Pmin
Cmin
 P-dn
sT3
+ k1.
 1 sT3
Transient Droop Compensator
+
k2
Permanent Droop Compensator
Ps DM
1-sTW
1+0.5sTW
Figure 3.2: IEEE hydro governor model

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Table 3.3: Hydro turbine governor data (Typical Values)
Type-2
Sl. No Constant Description Machine Rating (MW)
50-80 90-250
1 K1 Transient Droop compensator 0.24 0.2
2 K2 Permanent Droop compensator 0.04 0.02
3 T1 Inlet valve time constant 0.05 0.05
4 T2 Servo motor time constant 0.2 0.2
5 T3 Reset time constant 4.61 3.84
6 Pmax Maximum power output 1 1
7 Pmin Minimum power output 0.1 0.1
8 Cmax/Pup Power up 0.1 0.1
9 Cmin/Pdown Power down -1 -1
10 Tw Water time constant 0.72 0.77
The control block diagram of steam governor model is given in Figure 3.3 and values of
the constants used for the study is given in Table 3.4.
Figure 3.3: Control block diagram of IEEE Type-1 Steam Turbine Governor

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Table 3.4: Steam Turbine governor data (Typical Values)
Type-1
Sl.
Constant Description Machine Rating (MW)
No.
60-80 100-200 200-350 450 & above
1  Droop 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.07
2 K1+K2 Gain 1-2 0.26 0.276 0.28 0.28
3 K3+K4 Gain 3-4 0.74 0.324 0.32 0.34
4 K5+K6 Gain 5-6 0 0.4 0.4 0.38
5 K7+K8 Gain 7-8 0 0 0 0
6 T1 Phase compensation -1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
9 Thp = T4 HP section time constant 0.2 0.26 0.26 0.31
Reheat section time
10 Trh =T5 10.0 10.0 4.0 4.0
constant
11 Tip=T6 IP section time constant 1 0.5 0.5 0.64
12 Tlp=T7 LP section time constant 1 1 1 1
13 Pmax Maximum power limit 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
14 Pmin Minimum power limit 0.25 0.3 0.3 0.3
Rate of change of valve
15 P-dn /Cmin -1 -1 -1 -1
closing
Rate of change of valve
16 P-up/Omax 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.08
opening
3.2 System data for light load study

Details of existing bus/line reactors in Odisha network are provided in Table 3.5. Details
of bus/line reactors proposed by PGCIL for Odisha network are provided in Table 3.6.
Table 3.7 presents voltage variation limits prescribed by CEA at various voltage levels.
Table 3.5: List of existing bus/line reactors in Odisha

Voltage Rating
Sl. No Substation/Line Bus reactor/Line reactor
level (kV) (MVAr)
1 Angul PGCIL 800 2x330 Bus reactor
2 Jharsuguda PGCIL 800 2x240 Bus reactor
3 Angul PGCIL 420 3x125 Bus reactor
4 Bolangir PGCIL 420 1x80 Bus reactor
5 Bisra PGCIL 420 1x50+1x125 Bus reactor
6 Duburi 420 1x80 Bus reactor
7 Indravati 420 1x125 Bus reactor
8 Jayanagar PGCIL 420 1x63+1x125 Bus reactor
9 Jharsuguda PGCIL 420 2x125 Bus reactor
10 JITPL 420 2x50 Bus reactor

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Voltage Rating
Sl. No Substation/Line Bus reactor/Line reactor
level (kV) (MVAr)
11 Keonjhar PGCIL 420 1x80 Bus reactor
Rengali PGCIL Tertiary
12 33 31.5 Bus reactor
winding of transformer
Jayanagar PGCIL Tertiary
13 33 31.5 Bus reactor
winding of transformer
Jharsuguda PGCIL to Angul Line reactor (Jharsuguda
14 800 1x240
PGCIL end)
Jharsuguda PGCIL to Angul
15 800 1x240 Line reactor (Angul end)
PGCIL
Bisra PGCIL to Chaibasa
16 420 2x50 Line reactor (Bisra end)
double circuit
Bisra PGCIL to Kaniha NTPC
17 420 2x50 Line reactor (Kaniha end)
double circuit
Keonjhar PGCIL to Baripada
18 420 1x50 Line reactor (Baripada end)
PGCIL
Baripada PGCIL to Line reactor (Mendhasal
19 420 2x63
Mendhasal double circuit end)
Baripada PGCIL to
20 420 1x63 Line reactor (Baripada end)
Mendhasal Ckt-II
Rengali PGCIL to Indravati Line reactor (Indravati
21 420 1x50
PGCIL PGCIL end)
Rengali PGCIL to Indravati Line reactor (Rengali
22 420 1x50
PGCIL PGCIL end)
Bisra PGCIL to Jharsuguda
23 420 1x63 Line reactor (Bisra end)
PGCIL
24 Bisra PGCIL to Sterlite 420 1x63 Line reactor (Bisra end)
Line reactor (Meramundali
25 Meramundali to Angul PGCIL 420 1x80
end)
Angul PGCIL to Bolangir
26 420 1x50 Line reactor (Bolangir end)
PGCIL
Bolangir PGCIL to Jayanagar
27 420 1x50 Line reactor (Bolangir end)
PGCIL
Bolangir PGCIL to Jayanagar Line reactor (Jayanagar
28 420 1x80
PGCIL end)
Table 3.6: List of bus/line reactors planned by PGCIL for Odisha network
Voltage level
Sl. No Substation/Line Rating (MVAr) Bus reactor/Line reactor
(kV)
1 Baripada 420 2x125 Bus reactor
2 Bolangir 420 1x125 Bus reactor
3 Rengali 420 2x125 Bus reactor
4 Keonjhar 420 1x125 Bus reactor
5 Bisra 420 1x80 Bus reactor
6 Bisra 420 1x125 Bus reactor
Jharsuguda to Raipur Line reactor (Jharsuguda
7 800 2x240
double circuit end)
Line reactor (Narendrapur
8 Angul to Narendrapur 420 2x80
end)
Narendrapur to Line reactor (Narendrapur
9 420 2x80
Gazuwaka end)
Note: It is assumed that line reactors will be installed in the proposed Angul-Narendrapur–
Gazuwaka 400 kV D/C since length of both Angul to Narendrapur and Narendrapur to Gazuwaka
sections are more than 200 km.

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Table 3.7: Voltage limits at various voltage level prescribed in CEA’s “Transmission
Planning Criteria”
Nominal Voltage Maximum Minimum

(kV) kV pu kV pu
765 785 1.03 745 0.97
400 412 1.03 388 0.97
220 240 1.09 203 0.92
132 142 1.07 125 0.95

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4. TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDY - METHODOLOGY

Transient stability studies deal with the effect of large, sudden disturbances such as the
occurrence of a fault, the sudden outage of a line or a generator or sudden application or
removal of loads. Transient stability studies are required to ensure that the system can
withstand the transient condition following major disturbance. The studies are helpful in
determining the nature of relaying system needed, critical clearing time of circuit
breakers, voltage level and transfer capability between systems.
OPTCL network planned for meeting the 2021-22 projected peak demand of 6051 MW
along with 887 MW of additional bulk load was considered for the transient stability
study. The system frequency prior to disturbance is considered as 50 Hz. All the
generators were suitably modeled (sub-transient modeling) along with the Eastern,
Western and Northern region system. The synchronous machine parameters of
generating stations considered in the studies are presented in Table 3.1. Typical
parameters as per CEA guidelines were assumed in case of non-availability of any data.
Standard IEEE primary governor and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) models are
considered in the study. Stability studies were performed considering following
disturbances based on the guidelines outlined in CEA transmission planning criteria.
The transmission system shall be stable after it is subjected to one of the following
disturbances:
 The system shall be able to survive a permanent three phase to ground fault on a
765 kV line close to the bus to be cleared in 100 ms.
 The system shall be able to survive a permanent single phase to ground fault on
a 765 kV line close to the bus. Accordingly, single pole opening (100 ms) of the
faulted phase and unsuccessful re-closure (dead time 1 second) followed by 3-
pole opening (100 ms) of the faulted line shall be considered.
 The system shall be able to survive a permanent Three-phase to ground fault on
a 400 kV line close to the bus to be cleared in 100ms.
 The system shall be able to survive a permanent single phase to ground fault on
a 400 kV line close to the bus. Accordingly, single pole opening (100ms) of the
faulted phase and unsuccessful re-closure (dead time 1 second) followed by 3-
pole opening (100ms) of the faulted line shall be considered.
 In case of 220 kV / 132 kV networks, the system shall be able to survive a
permanent Three-phase fault on one circuit, close to a bus, with a fault clearing
time of 160ms (8 cycles) assuming 3-pole opening.

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 Contingency of loss of generation: The system shall remain stable under the
contingency of outage of single largest generating unit or a critical generating unit
(choice of candidate critical generating unit is left to the transmission planner).
The various case studies selected for transient stability analysis are provided in Table
4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5. These tables provide element details of OPTCL network where
disturbance is created; type of disturbances selected & exhibit numbers with typical plots
of swing curves, frequency, and voltage at generator terminals.

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Table 4.1: List of case studies conducted for transmission line outages.
Case Plot Exhibit Numbers Remarks

Name of the Line Type of disturbance Re-closure Type
No Voltage Swing Freq. System Stability
765kV lines
1 3-Phase to ground fault - 1 2 3 Stable
OTPCL – Begunia line
2 Single line to ground fault Unsuccessful 4 5 6 Stable
400kV lines
Pandiabil – Begunia line
Meramundali – Khuntuni line
400kV interstate lines
7 Bisra – Raigarh line 3-Phase to ground fault - 19 20 21 Stable
8 Kuchei – Jamshedpur line 3-Phase to ground fault - 22 23 24 Stable
220kV lines
9 Jayanagar – Balimela line 3-Phase to ground fault - 25 26 27 Stable
10 Narendrapur – Theruvali line 3-Phase to ground fault - 28 29 30 Stable
Table 4.2: List of case studies conducted for 400/220kV ICT outages.
Plot Exhibit Numbers Remarks
Case Voltage
Name of the Station Type of disturbance Power
No Voltage Swing (Corresponding System Stability
Flow
Substation)
11 Duburi Outage of 1x315 MVA 400/220kV ICT 31 32 33 34 Stable
12 Mendhasal Outage of 1x315 MVA 400/220kV ICT 35 36 37 38 Stable
13 Lapanga Outage of 1x315 MVA 400/220kV ICT 39 40 41 42 Stable

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Table 4.3: List of case studies conducted for generator outages.
Name of the Plot exhibit numbers Remarks

Case No Type of disturbance
Generating Station Voltage Swing Freq. System Stability
14 IB (400 kV) Outage of 1x660 MW Generator 43 44 45 Stable
15 OTPCL Outage of 1x 800 MW Generator 46 47 48 Stable
16 Indravati Outage of 1x150 MW Generator 49 50 51 Stable
Table 4.4: List of case studies conducted for load disturbances.

Plot Exhibit Numbers Remarks
Case No Name of the Station Type of disturbance
Voltage Swing Freq. System Stability
17 Bhubaneswar Area. Load throw off to an extent of 433 MW 52 53 54 Stable
18 Narendrapur Area Load throw off to an extent of 342.5 MW 55 56 57 Stable
Table 4.5: List of case studies conducted for critical clearing time.
Plot Exhibit Numbers
Case No Name of the generator Type of disturbance
Swing
Three Phase to Ground Fault on one circuit of 220kV D/C line from IB generation to
19 IB (220 kV) 58
Budhipadar 220/132kV substation.
Three Phase to Ground Fault on one circuit of 765kV D/C line from OTPCL
20 OTPCL 59
generation to Jajpur road 765/400kV substation.

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5. TRANSIENT STABILITY – CASE STUDIES

5.1 Transmission line outage
Case 1: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of OTPCL- Begunia 765 kV D/C line at
1.0 second and fault cleared at 1.1 seconds by opening the line.
Exhibit 1: Terminal voltage at generator buses – Case 1

Observation: The terminal voltage of OTPCL generator bus falls to an extent of 0.57pu
and returns back and stabilizes to pre-fault value within 5 seconds.
Exhibit 2: Swing curve at generator buses – Case 1

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Observation: The maximum oscillation to an extent of around 15 degrees from the pre-
fault value is observed at OTPCL generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.
Exhibit 3: Frequency of various generators – Case 1

Observation: The highest frequency of 50.3 Hz is observed at OTPCL generator and
lowest frequency of 49.85 Hz is observed at TSTPS expansion generator, which swings
back and settles at 50 Hz within 10 seconds.
Case 2: Single line to ground fault on one circuit of OTPCL- Begunia 765 kV D/C line at
1.0 second with single pole opening at 1.1 second to clear the fault followed by
unsuccessful re-closure at 2.10 second (with dead time of 1.0 second) and clearing the
fault by opening of all the three poles at 2.20 second with the simulation time 10 seconds.

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and returns back and stabilizes to pre-fault value within 10 seconds.

fault value is observed at TSTPS expansion generator, and it stabilizes within 10
seconds.

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lowest frequency of 49.93 Hz is observed at TSTPS expansion generator, which swings
back and settles at 50 Hz within 10 seconds.
Case 3: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of Pandiabil – Begunia 400 kV D/C
line at 1.0 second and fault cleared at 1.1 seconds by opening the line.

Observation: The terminal voltage of both OTPCL and Balimela generator bus falls to an
extent of 0.72 pu, returns and stabilizes to pre-fault value within 7 seconds.

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fault value is observed at Upper-kolab generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

Observation: The highest frequency of 50.26 Hz is observed at Upper-kolab generator
and lowest frequency of 49.85 Hz is observed at Balimela generator, which swings back
and settles at 50 Hz within 10 seconds.
Case 4: Single line to ground fault on one circuit of Pandiabil – Begunia 400 kV D/C line
at 1.0 second with single pole opening at 1.1 second to clear the fault followed by

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Observation: The terminal voltage of OTPCL generator bus falls to an extent of 0.91pu,
returns and stabilizes to pre-fault value within 10 seconds.

fault value is observed at Upper kolab generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

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Observation: The highest frequency of 50.11 Hz is observed at Upper kolab generator
Case 5: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of Meramundali-Khuntuni 400 kV D/C

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and that of TTPS generator bus falls to an extent of 0.8pu and stabilizes to pre-fault value
within 7 seconds.

fault value is observed at TSTPS generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

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Observation: The highest frequency of 50.21 Hz is observed at TSTPS generator and
lowest frequency of 49.88 Hz is observed at Balimela generator, which swings back and
settles at 50Hz within 10 seconds.
Case 6: Single line to ground fault on one circuit of Meramundali-Khuntuni 400 kV D/C
line at 1.0 second with single pole opening at 1.1 second to clear the fault followed by

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Observation: The terminal voltage of TSTPS generator bus falls to an extent of 0.94pu
and stabilizes to pre-fault value within 10 seconds.

fault value is observed at Balimela generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

lowest frequency of 49.95 Hz is observed at Balimela generator, which swings back and

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Case 7: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of Bisra-Raigarh 400 kV D/C line at 1.0
second and fault cleared at 1.1 seconds by opening the line.

Observation: The terminal voltage of TSTPS generator bus falls to an extent of 0.85pu


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lowest frequency of 49.93 Hz is observed at IB (220kV) generator, which swings back and
settles at 50 Hz within 10 seconds.
Case 8: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of Kuchei-Jamshedpur 400 kV D/C line
at 1.0 second and fault cleared at 1.1 seconds by opening the line.


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Observation: The highest frequency of 50.1Hz is observed at TSTPS generator and
lowest frequency of 49.94Hz is observed at Balimela generator, which swings back and
Case 9: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of Jayanagar-Balimela 220 kV D/C line
at 1.0 second and fault cleared at 1.16 seconds by opening the line.

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Observation: The terminal voltage of Balimela generator bus falls to an extent of 0.3pu

fault value is observed at Balimela generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

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Observation: The highest frequency of 50.7 Hz is observed at Balimela generator and
lowest frequency of 49.4Hz is observed at the same generator, which swings back and
Case 10: Three phase to ground fault on one circuit of Narendrapur-Theruvali 220 kV D/C

Observation: The terminal voltage of Indravati & Upper Kolab generator bus falls to an
extent of 0.57pu and stabilizes to pre-fault value within 6 seconds.

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fault value is observed at Upper Kolab generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

Observation: The highest frequency of 50.52 Hz is observed at Upper Kolab generator

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5.2 Interconnecting transformer outage
Case 11: Outage of one 315 MVA, 400/220kV ICT at Duburi 400/220kV substation at 1.0
second.

Observation: The voltages observed at generator terminals remains close to the pre-fault
value.

Observation: The swing observed is in stable condition.

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Exhibit 33: Voltage at Duburi 400/220kV substation – Case 11

Observation: The voltage at 400 kV and 220 kV bus of Duburi 400/220kV substation
marginally decreases and remain stable.
Exhibit 34: Power flow in the interconnecting transformer – Case 11

Observation: With the outage of one 315 MVA transformer, the other two transformers
would be loaded to an extent of around 102 MW.

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Case 12: Outage of one 315 MVA, 400/220kV ICT at Mendhasal 400/220kV substation at
1.0 second.

value.


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Exhibit 37: Voltage at Mendhasal 400/220kV substation – Case 12

Observation: The voltage at 400 kV and 220 kV bus of Mendhasal 400/220kV substation

Observation: With the outage of one 315 MVA transformer, the other two transformers
would be loaded to an extent of around 170 MW.

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Case 13: Outage of one 315 MVA, 400/220kV ICT at Lapanga 400/220kV substation at
1.0 second.

value.


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Exhibit 41: Voltage at Lapanga 400/220kV substation – Case 13

Observation: The voltage at 400 kV and 220 kV bus of Lapanga 400/220kV substation
Observation: With the outage of one 315 MVA transformer, the other transformer would
be loaded to an extent of around 155 MW.

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5.3 Generator outage
Case 14: Outage of 1x660 MW IB-Generator (400 kV) at 1.0 second.
Observation: The terminal voltage of IB generator increases marginally and stabilizes to

a value slightly less than pre-fault value within 10 seconds.
fault value is observed at IB generator, and it stabilizes within 6 seconds.

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Observation: The highest frequency of 50.02 Hz is observed at IB generator and lowest

frequency of 49.94 Hz is observed at the same generator, which swings back and settles
close to 49.99 Hz due to loss of 660MW generation.
Case 15: Outage of 1x800 MW OTPCL generator at 1.0 second.
Observation: The terminal voltage of OTPCL generator increases marginally and

stabilizes to prefault value within 10 seconds.

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Observation: The maximum oscillation to an extent of around 6.5 degrees from the pre-
fault value is observed at OTPCL generator, and it stabilizes within 10 seconds.

lowest frequency of 49.93 Hz is observed at the same generator, which swings back and
settles close to 49.99 Hz due to loss of 800 MW generation.

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Case 16: Outage of 1x150 MW Indravati generator at 1.0 second.
Observation: The terminal voltage of Indravati generator increases marginally to 1.026

pu and stabilizes to prefault value within 7 seconds.
Observation: The maximum oscillation to an extent of around 6.3 degrees from the pre-
fault value is observed at Indravati generator, and it stabilizes within 7 seconds.

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Observation: The highest frequency of 50.028 Hz is observed at Indravati generator and

lowest frequency of 49.956 Hz is observed at the same generator, which swings back and
settles close to 50 Hz due to loss of 150 MW generation.
Case 17: Simultaneous load rejection of around 433 MW at 1.0 second in Bhubaneswar
area (mainly in Ranasinghpur, Chandaka, Bidanasi, Khurda, Cuttack and Badagada 132
kV substations).

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Observation: The voltages observed at generator terminals marginally oscillate and
settle at value slightly higher than the pre fault value by the end of 10 seconds.
Observation: Marginal oscillations are observed in all the generators which stabilizes by
the end of 10 seconds.
Observation: The grid frequency will rise up to 50.02 Hz and settles at almost 50.01 Hz
due to decrease in load.

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Case 18: Simultaneous load rejection of around 317.5 MW at 1.0 second in Narendrapur
area (mainly in Chhatrapur, Narendrapur, Berhampur, Digapahandi and Mohana 132 kV
substations).
Observation: The voltages observed at generator terminals marginally increases and

stabilize by the end of 10 seconds.

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Observation: Marginal oscillations are observed in all the generators which stabilizes by
the end of 10 seconds.
Observation: The grid frequency will rise up to 50.02 Hz and settles at almost 50.01 Hz
due to decrease in load.
Case 19: Critical clearing time for IB generator (220kV).
Exhibit 58: Swing curves for various fault durations – Case 19

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Observation: For three phase to ground fault on one circuit of IB-Budhipadar 220 kV D/C
line, critical clearing time is 255ms. Beyond 255ms clearing time, the IB generator will go
out of step as shown in the exhibit 58.
Case 20: Critical clearing time for OTPCL generator.
Exhibit 59: Swing curves for various fault durations – Case 20
Observation: For three phase to ground fault on one circuit of OTPCL-Jajpur road 765kV
D/C line, critical clearing time is 265ms. Beyond 265ms clearing time, the OTPCL
generator will go out of step as shown in the exhibit 59.
5.4 Observation from transient stability studies

For the disturbances created on 765kV, 400kV & 220kV lines, 400/220kV interconnecting
transformers and generator outages of OPTCL system, it is observed that the system is
stable and the frequency and rotor angle swing damp adequately with respect to time.

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6. LIGHT LOAD STUDY

Load flow study is simulated for year 2021-22 considering the system light load
conditions. Around 60% of system peak demand (44% of load at 11 kV and 33 kV level
and 100% of industrial and traction loads) is considered for the light load studies. From
the past data it is observed that system light load is occurring from October to December
period during which hydro generation is minimum. Hence, minimum hydro generation is
considered for light load studies. Further, generations from thermal units are reduced to
account for scheduled maintenance. All the existing reactors in Odisha along with PGCIL
proposed reactors have been considered in the present light load studies.
Light load study is carried out by reducing the loads at 33 kV buses for the year 2021-22.
Shunt capacitors at 33 kV buses of many 132/33 kV substations are switched off in order
to maintain the bus voltages within the voltage variation limits prescribed by the CEA’s
“transmission planning criteria”. Table 6.1, Table 6.2 and Table 6.3 provide the details of
state and central sector generations in Odisha, details of CGP generations and details of
IPP generations respectively. Load flow study results for light load studies are provided in
annexure.
Table 6.1: State and central sector generations in Odisha
Total capacity Scheduled
Sl. No Name of power station Installed capacity (MW)
(MW) capacity (MW)
A. STATE SECTOR
OHPC
1 Burla Power House 2x49.5+2x32+3x37.5 275.50 40.5
2 Chiplima Power House 3x24 72 10.7
3 Balimela Power House 6x60+2x75 510 76.5
4 Rengali Power House 5x50 250 36.8
5 Upper Kolab Power House 4x80 320 47.1
Upper Indravati Hydro Electric
6 4x150 600 88.2
Project
7 Machhkund Power House 3x17+3x21.25 114.75 16.8
Sub-total (OHPC) 2142.25 316.52
IB Thermal Power Station
1 2x210 420 231.6
(OPGC)
2 TTPS (NTPC - State dedicated) 4x60+2x110 460 252.9
3 OTPCL, Kamakshanagar 3x800 2400 1320.0
Sub-total (state sector) 5422.25 2121.02
B. CENTRAL SECTOR
1 Talcher STPS stage-I 2x500 1000 797.3
2 Talcher STPS stage-II 4x500 2000 1594.7
3 TSTPS expansion 2x660 1320 726.0
4 NTPC Darlipalli 4x800 3200 2944.0
5 Odisha UMPP 5x800 4000 2200.0
Sub-total (central sector) 11520 8262.02

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Table 6.2: CGP generation details considered for year 2021-22
Installed capacity
Sl. No Power station Total (MW)
(MW)
1 Arati Steel Ghantikhal, Cuttack 1x40 40
2 ACC, Bargarh 1x30 30
3 Action Ispat & Power Pvt. Ltd. 1x12 + 1x25 37
4 Aryan Ispat & Power Pvt. Ltd. 1x18 18
5 Bhusan Steel Ltd., Meramundali 1x33+1x77+2x150 410
6 Bhusan Power & Steel , Jharsuguda 1x60+1x40+2x130+2x8 376
7 Emami Paper Mills Ltd. 1x15+1x5 20
8 FACOR 1x45 45
(1)
9 HPCL (Hindalco), Hirakud 1x67.5+3x100 368
10 ICCL, Choudwar 2x54+1x30 138
11 IFFCO, Paradeep 2x55 110
12 Jindal Stainless Ltd., Duburi 2x125 250
13 Jindal Steel & Power Ltd., Angul 6x135 810
14 NINL, Duburi 2x19.25+1x24 62.5
15 Mahavir Ferro Alloys Pvt. Ltd. 1x12 12
16 Maheswari Ispat Pvt. Ltd. 2x12 24
17 Maithan Ispat Nigam Ltd., Jajpur Road 1x30 30
18 MSP Metalics Ltd. 1x25 25
19 NALCO, Angul 10x120 1200
20 Narbheram Power & Steel Pvt. Ltd. 1x8 8
21 NBVL, Meramundali 1x30+1x65 95
22 Orissa Sponge Iron & Steel Ltd. 1x24 24
23 Rathi Steel & Power Ltd., Katapali 1x20 20
24 RSP, Rourkela 2x60+4x25 220
25 Shyam DRI, Pandoli, Sambalpur 1x30 30
26 SMC Power Generation Ltd. 1x8+1x25 33
27 Sree Ganesh 1x32 32
28 Tata Sponge Iron, Joda 1x18.5+1x7.5 26
29 Vedanta, Jharsuguda 9x135 1215
30 Vedanta, Lanjigarh 3x30 90
31 Visa Steel Ltd., New Duburi 3x25 75
32 Yazdani Steel & Power Ltd. 1x10 10
33 Pattnaik Steel (Keonjhar) 1x15 15
34 Hindalco Lapanga 6x150 900
35 OCL Raj 2x27 54
36 BPPL 2x67.5 135

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Installed capacity
Sl. No Power station Total (MW)
(MW)
37 NSPCL 1x250 250
38 RSB Metaltech Pvt.Ltd. 4x120 480
(2)
39 Sterlite Energy Ltd., Jharsuguda 4x600 2400
Total 10117.5
Note: Around 1452MW of CGP injection is considered to the network
(1)
Hindalco Hirakud plant connectivity at 220kV level to Katapalli is considered and hence 132kV
(2)
connectivity to Burla is kept open. 1000MW load is considered at Sterlite CPP generation.
Table 6.3: IPP generation details considered for year 2021-22
Sl. Installed Scheduled
Name of power station Total (MW)
No. Capacity(MW) Capacity (MW)
1 Aarati Steel, Ghantikhal 1x50 50 27.0
2 Meenakshi Power Ltd 3x4+2x12.5 37 20.3
Odisha Power Consortium Ltd.,
3 4x5 20 11.0
Samal
Maa Durga Thermal Power
4 2x30 + 1x60 120 66.0
Company
GMR Kamalanga Energy Ltd.,
5 4x350 1400 1288.0
Kamalanga
Jindal India Thermal Power Ltd.,
6 3x600 1800 1656.0
Derang
2x350 +
7 Ind-Barath Energy (Utkal) Ltd. 1360 1251.2
1x660
8 Monnet power company Ltd. 2X525 1050 966.0
9 Lanco Babandh power Ltd. 2X660 1320 1214.4
10 OPGC (IB TPS) 2X660 1320 1214.4
8477 7714
Table 6.4, Table 6.5, Table 6.6 and Table 6.7 presents the summary of load details
considered for light load studies (2021-22), DISCOM wise load details for light load
studies (2021-22), industrial and CGP load details considered for light load studies (2021-
22) and traction loads considered for light load studies (2021-22) respectively.
Table 6.4: Summary of load details considered for light load studies (2021-22)
Sl. No. Particulars Load (MW)

1 Loads considered at 33 kV and 11 kV level 1901
2 Industrial loads considered* 1443
3 Traction loads considered 287
Total Forecasted load approved by commission 3631
4 Additional bulk load 887
Total load 4518
* Includes CGP drawl from state grid

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Table 6.5: DISCOM wise loads considered for light load studies (2021-22)
Sl. No. Zone Details Load (MW)

1 CESCO 1417
2 NESCO 854
3 SOUTHCO 401
4 WESCO 959
Total 3631
Table 6.6: Industrial and CGP loads considered for light load studies (2021-22)
Connected Load
Sl. Connected grid
Industrial load voltage level considered for
No. substation
(kV) the study (MW)
1 ACC Bargarh 132 10.9
2 Action Ispat& Power (P) Ltd Jharsuguda 132 3.3
3 Adani Mining Pvt. Ltd. Rengali 220 37.7
Shree Ganesh Metaliks
4 Adhunik Metaliks Ltd 132 32.4
Sw. Stn.
5 Aditya Alumina Budhipadar 220 27.1
Meramundali -
6 Arati Steel & Power Ltd 132 9.9
Choudwar
7 Arya Iron & Steel Co. (P) Ltd Joda - Rourkela 132 6.7
8 Aryan Ispat& Power (P) Ltd Aryan-Viraj Sw. Stn 132 2.7
9 Balasore Alloys Balasore 132 42.4
Beekay Steels and Power
10 Joda - Rourkela 132 8.1
Ltd
11 Bhusan Power & Steel Ltd Budhipadar 220 54.3
12 Bhushan Steel & Power Ltd Meramundali 220 111.2
13 Birla Tyres Balasore 132 4.0
Brahmani River Pellets Ltd
14 Duburi - MESCO 132 18.3
(BRPL)
Brahmani River Pellets Ltd
15 Palasponga 132 18.3
(BRPL), Barbil
16 BRG Iron & Steel Co. (P) Ltd Meramundali 132 43.0
17 CONCAST Budhipadar 220 5.4
Dhamara Port Company Ltd
18 Bhadrak 132 6.7
(Port)
19 Emami Paper Mills Ltd Balasore 132 9.4
20 ESSAR Dabuna Arya Sw. Stn. 132 14.7
21 Essar Steel India Ltd Paradeep 220 43.8
Essel Mining & Industries
22 Barbil 132 10.1
Ltd.
23 Facor Charge Chrome Plant Bhadrak 132 22.9
24 FCI, Talcher Chainpal 132 0.6
25 FMP, Joda Joda 132 13.2

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Connected Load
Sl. Connected grid
No. substation
(kV) the study (MW)
FRP (Hirakud) Aluminium
26 Burla PH - Hindalco 132 3.8
Rolling Complex
27 HAL Sunabeda 132 5.6
Hind Metals & Industries (P)
28 Kharagprasad 132 14.9
Ltd
29 HINDALCO, Hirakud Burla PH & FRP 132 10.9
30 IFFCO Paradeep 132 10.9
31 IMFA Therubali 132 0.0
32 IMFA, Choudwar ICCL Sw. Station 132 0.0
33 IMTCPL Arya Sw. Stn. 132 4.4
LILO of Mendhasal and
34 Infocity-II 220 45.2
Narendrapur
35 IRE Chhatrapur 132 2.7
36 Jabamayee Ferro Alloy Ltd TTPS-Duburi Ckt-II 132 5.4
37 Jayashree Chemicals Ltd Ganjam 132 6.7
38 Jindal Steel & Power Ltd Meramundali 400 19.9
Jindal Steel & Power Ltd,
39 Joda - Jamshedpur 220 33.7
Barbil
40 Jindal Steel Ltd New Duburi 220 33.7
41 JK Paper Therubali 132 4.2
42 Maheswari Ispat Ltd Dhenkanal – ICCL 132 11.9
43 Maithan Ispat Ltd New Duburi 220 10.1
44 Mangilall Rungta Meramundali 132 28.1
45 MCL Budhipadar 132 12.1
46 MCL (NANDIRA) Angul 132 30.8
47 Meera Steel Aryan-VirajSwStn. 132 2.7
48 MESCO New Duburi 220 3.7
49 Misrilal Mines (P) Ltd Duburi 132 3.5
50 MSP Metallics Ltd Budhipadar 132 9.8
51 MSP Sponge Polasponga 132 4.6
52 NALCO, Damanjodi Jayanagar 132 0.0
53 Nav Bharat Ventures Ltd Kharagprasad 132 3.0
54 Nilachal Ispat Nigam Ltd Duburi 220 16.9
55 OCL India Ltd Rajgangpur 132 28.6
56 OCL India Ltd, Mania Tangi ICCL – Salipur 132 11.9
57 Ordnance Factory, Saintala Bolangir - Kesinga 132 2.4
58 Paradeep Phosphates Ltd Paradeep 132 18.7
59 Paradeep Port Paradeep 132 20.7
60 POWMEX, Titilagarh Kesinga 132 2.7

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Connected Load
Sl. Connected grid
No. substation
(kV) the study (MW)
Rawmet Ferrous Industries Meramundali -
61 132 32.9
Ltd Choudwar
62 Rohit Ferro Tech Ltd New Duburi 220 37.6
63 RSB Metaltech Pvt.Ltd. Godachhak 220 0.0
64 RSP, Rourkela Tarkera 220 81.3
65 Rungta Mines Ltd. Polasponga 132 27.0
66 SAIL Barusani Mines Bonai 220 5.4
67 SAIL, Bolani Joda - Rourkela 132 3.7
68 Samal Metalics (P) Ltd Kharagprasad 132 8.9
69 Scan steels Ltd. Bamra 132 9.8
Shalivahana Green Energy
70 Kharagprasad 132 2.0
Limited
71 Shree Ganesh Metaliks Ltd Chhend - Adhunik 132 2.7
Sambalpur -
72 Shyam DRI Power Ltd 132 3.3
Rajgangpur
73 SPS Steel & Power Ltd Budhipadar 220 29.4
Stork Ferro Mineral Industry
74 Somanathpur 132 11.2
(P) Ltd
75 Tata Sponge Iron Ltd Joda 220 4.7
76 Tata Steel Ltd. Narendrapur 220 62.4
77 Tata Steel, Kalinganagar New Duburi 220 44.7
78 TISCO, Baminipal Duburi 132 20.2
79 Ultratech Cement Jharsuguda 132 8.1
80 Utkal Alumina Lakshmipur 220 4.6
Vedanta Aluminium Ltd,
81 Budhipadar 220 36.0
Jharsuguda
Vedanta Aluminium Ltd,
82 Theruvali - Kesinga 132 8.1
Lanjigarh
83 Viraj Steel & Energy Ltd Aryan-Viraj Sw. Stn 132 2.7
84 Visa Steel Ltd New Duburi 220 15.0
Total 1443
Table 6.7: Traction loads considered for light load studies (2021-22)
Voltage level
SI. No Traction load Connected grid substation Load (MW )
(kV)
1 Balasore Balasore 132 12.3
2 Bamra Rajgangpur-Kuchinda 132 6
3 Bansapani Joda 132 13
4 Bhadrak Bhadrak 132 11.6
5 Bhalulata LILO of Rourkela-Joda 132 7.1
6 Brajamunda Barjamunda 132 13.7
7 Ch. Kusumi Machhkund-Jayanagar feeder 132 3.1

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Voltage level
SI. No Traction load Connected grid substation Load (MW )
(kV)
8 Chandiposh LILO of Tarkera to Rengali 132 6.7
9 Dhamara Dhamara 132 6.8
10 Gorakhnath Jagatsinghpur 132 8.9
11 Jagannathpur Narendrapur 132 8.5
12 Jakhpur Duburi 132 13.7
13 Jaleswar Jaleshwar 132 11.2
14 JeyporeTrac. Machhkund-Jayanagar feeder 132 2.6
15 Jharsuguda Jharsuguda 132 7.1
16 Joranda Dhenkanal 132 15.7
17 Kaipadar Road Khurda 132 16.5
18 Kendrapara Road Choudwar 132 17.3
19 Keonjhargarh Polasponga 132 13.7
20 Machhkund Rd Machhkund-Jayanagar feeder 132 2.7
21 Maliguda Machhkund-Jayanagar feeder 132 6.9
22 Manbar Machhkund-Jayanagar feeder 132 7.5
23 Meramundali Meramundali 132 15.6
24 Nalda Joda-Rourkela 132 11.3
25 Nuagaon Chhend 132 4
26 Padwa Machhkund-Jayanagar feeder 132 2.3
27 Rajgangpur Rajgangpur 132 6.2
28 Rambha Chhatrapur 132 6.2
29 Rourkela Rourkela 132 4.4
30 Solari Balugaon 132 13.2
31 Tomka BC Mohanty Switching Stn 132 11.2
Total 287
Table 6.8 and Table 6.9 presents the details of load generation balance and import/export
details for light load condition (2021-22) respectively.

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Table 6.8: Load generation balance details for light load studies (2021-22)
Sl. No. Particulars Generation (MW)

1 State sector 2121
2 Central sector 8262
3 IPP/CPP injection 9162
4 Import 1822
Total Power available 21367
5 Total Load 3631
6 Bulk Load 887
7 Total losses* 243
8 Export 16606
Total Power Consumed 21367
*Note: Includes 765 kV CTU system and IPP evacuation losses
connected to 765 kV system
Table 6.9: Import-export details for light load studies (2021-22)
Sl. No. Odisha Substation Other agency/state Voltage level Export Import
1 Jharsuguda (PGCIL) Dharamjaygarh 765 694 0
2 Jharsuguda (PGCIL) Dharamjaygarh 765 5057 0
3 Sundergarh new Raipur 765 1785 0
4 Angul(PGCIL) Srikakulam 765 1506 0
5 Bisra (PGCIL) Raigarh (PGCIL) 765 2165 0
6 Bisra (PGCIL) Chaibasa 400 0 526
7 Bisra (PGCIL) Ranchi 400 0 850
8 Kuchei (PGCIL) Jamshedpur (PGCIL) 400 0 171
9 Kuchei (PGCIL) DVC 400 0 80
10 Kuchei (PGCIL) Kharagpur (WBSETCL) 400 70 0
11 Jaypore (PGCIL) Gazuwaka (PGCIL) 400 333 0
12 Narendrapur Gazuwaka (PGCIL) 400 471 0
13 Talcher Kolar HVDC 1595 0
14 Sundergarh new Maharani bagh/Badrapur HVDC 2796 0
15 Budhipadar (OPTCL) Korba (CSPTCL) 220 0 147
16 Joda Chaibasa 220 22 0
17 JSPL Joda Jamshedpur (DVC) 220 0 48
18 Budhipadar (OPTCL) Raigarh (CSPTCL) 220 33 0
19 Balasore Egra (WBSETCL) 220 38 0
20 Machhkund Vizag 220 41 0
Total 16606 1822

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6.1 Observations and recommendations
Observations from light load study results are given below,
 Around 255 MVAr of capacitor banks are switched off at 33 kV buses of many
132/33 kV substations out of a total of 1210 MVAr of capacitor banks considered
up to year 2021-22.
 It is observed that, voltage at 400 kV bus of proposed Narendrapur 400/220 kV
substation is close to 1.05 pu. Hence it is recommended to install 80 MVAr bus
reactor at Narendrapur 400/220 kV substation in order to control voltage during
light load condition.
 Also, 765 kV bus reactors 240 MVAr each at Begunia and OTPCL generation
switchyard, 2x240 MVAr 765 kV line reactors in Begunia to OTPCL 765 kV D/C
line at Begunia end and 2x240 MVAr 765 kV line reactors in Angul to OTPCL 765
kV D/C line at Angul end are considered in the study.
 With existing bus/line reactors and planned PGCIL bus/line reactors in Odisha, it is
observed that voltages at all the substations in Odisha are well within the voltage
limits prescribed by CEA.

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Annexure
(Light load Study)
Sl. No Drawing no Description
1 LFA_light load/2021-22/765-400kV-Basecase
2 LFA_light load/2021-22/220kV-Basecase Load flow study results for Odisha
3 LFA_light load/2021-22/132kV(North)-Basecase system light load condition.
4 LFA_light load/2021-22/132kV(South)-Basecase

13th TP-Final-Report-Vol-2-part2

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13th TP-Final-Report-Vol-2-part2

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Final Report

Transient Stability Analysis and

Power system studies for Intra-State

Odisha Power Transmission Corporation

Power Research and Development Consultants Pvt.

Document reference details:

Revision Description Date Remarks

0 Preliminary report 20.10.2015 -

Final report (Volume 1) for year

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Transient Stability Studies:

Light Load Studies

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 It is observed that, voltage at 400 kV bus of proposed Narendrapur 400/220 kV

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c) Up-gradation and renovation of existing grid substation capacities.

d) Studies with flows on single line diagram as well as on geographical maps.

e) Off-peak study for requirement of reactors.

f) Transient stability studies for strengthening purpose.

g) Short circuit study for determining circuit breaker capacity.

h) Up-gradation of OPTCL system required to evacuate/absorb the state share

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Excitation control system

Figure 3.1: IEEE Type-1 AVR

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Turbine - Governor control system

Figure 3.2: IEEE hydro governor model

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3.2 System data for light load study

Table 3.5: List of existing bus/line reactors in Odisha

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Nominal Voltage Maximum Minimum

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4. TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDY - METHODOLOGY

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Case Plot Exhibit Numbers Remarks

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Table 4.3: List of case studies conducted for generator outages.

Name of the Plot exhibit numbers Remarks

Table 4.4: List of case studies conducted for load disturbances.

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5. TRANSIENT STABILITY – CASE STUDIES

Exhibit 1: Terminal voltage at generator buses – Case 1

Exhibit 2: Swing curve at generator buses – Case 1

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Exhibit 3: Frequency of various generators – Case 1

Exhibit 4: Terminal voltage at generator buses – Case 2

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Exhibit 5: Swing curve at generator buses – Case 2

Exhibit 6: Frequency of various generators – Case 2

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