Practice Test Questions DNA Protein Synthesis
Practice Test Questions DNA Protein Synthesis
Practice Test Questions DNA Protein Synthesis
3. Describe the structure of DNA. You may use a labeled diagrams to answer this question (4 marks).
4.
5.
a) Given the DNA sequence CACGTATGCAAAATT, use the table above to describe the primary
structure of the protein it would transcribe.
c) Determine the sequence of amino acids produced by this DNA sequence: GGAGTTTTC
A. Proline, Valine, Lysine. B. Glycine, Valine, Leucine. C. Proline, Glutamine, Lysine. D. Glycine,
Glutamic acid, Leucine.
d) A tRNA molecule with the anticodon GCU would be carrying the amino acid
A. valine. B. alanine. C. tyrosine. D. arginine.
e) If the code for an amino acid is AGC on the DNA molecule, the anticodon on the tRNA would be A.
AGC B. TGC C. UCG D. UGC
f) If the triplet code on a DNA molecule changes from ACT to AGC, the result is called
A. mutation. B. metastasis. C. translation. D. transcription.
6.
The molecule represented
by the line labelled X is
A. DNA.
B. tRNA.
C. rRNA.
D. mRNA.
7. A section of DNA has the following sequence of nitrogenous bases:
CGAT T ACAG
Which of the following sequences would be produced as a result of transcription?
A. CGTUUTCTG B. GCTAATGTC C. CGAUUACAG D. GCUAAUGUC
8. Demonstrate your understanding of the structure of DNA by describing the following features
of the DNA molecule. You may use drawings in your answers.
a) Describe the shape of the DNA molecule. (1 mark)
b) Describe the structure of the strands (backbone) of DNA. (1 mark)
c) Describe complementary base pairing. (1 mark)
d) Describe the bonding that occurs between bases. (1 mark)
9. a) Define recombinant DNA. (1 mark)
b) Describe two uses for recombinant DNA. (2 marks)
10. State one role for each of the following molecules in the process of protein synthesis.
(3 marks)
• DNA:
• mRNA:
• tRNA:
11. Complete the following table comparing DNA and RNA. (3 marks: 1 mark each)
12. Give one role of each of the following in the process of translation. (3 marks: 1 mark each)
• tRNA:
• Ribosome:
• mRNA:
13.
The process shown in the diagram
is A. hydrolysis. B. translation.
C. replication. D. transcription.
14. Give one role of each of the following in the production of a protein. (4 marks: 1 mark each)
• DNA:
• mRNA:
• tRNA:
• rRNA:
15. List three ways in which mRNA is different from DNA. (3 marks)
16. a) Under experimental conditions, cells grown in a medium containing thymine would incorporate
thymine into their DNA. If cells grown for a number of generations in a medium containing
radioactive thymine were removed from this medium and allowed to replicate once using
thymine that was not radioactive, what percent of these cells would now be radioactive?
A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100%
c) When a foreign gene is incorporated into an organism’s nucleic acid, the resulting molecule is called
A. ATP. B. recombinant DNA. C. transfer RNA (tRNA). D. messenger RNA (mRNA).
17. 1. Uracil bonds with adenine.
2. Complementary bonding between codon and anticodon.
3. DNA unzips.
4. mRNA joins with ribosome.
20. In paragraph form, explain how each of the following is involved in protein synthesis.
(6 marks)
• DNA • ribosome
• mRNA • peptide bond
• tRNA • amino acid
21. The diagram above shows a part of the
process of protein synthesis.
a) Identify the following labelled
structures. (4 marks)
b) Name the part of protein synthesis
represented by the diagram above. (1
mark)
c) Where in the cell is X synthesized? (1
mark)
22. Describe the process of:
a) transcription. (1 mark) b) translation. (1 mark)
23. a) Describe the three steps of DNA replication. (3 marks)
b) Where in the cell does DNA replication occur? (1 mark)
c) What is the purpose of DNA replication? (1 mark)
d) Which base is found in DNA but not in RNA? (1 mark)
24. a) Outline the function of each of the following during protein synthesis: i) DNA ii) mRNA ii) tRNA
b) List two factors that could cause changes in the type of protein formed. Explain why each factor
causes a change in the protein formed. (2 marks)
25. a) List the events which occur during the replication (copying) of DNA. (4 marks)
b) Why does DNA replication occur before cell division? (1 mark)
26. Discuss how the mutation of a single nucleotide base can cause the synthesis of an abnormal protein.
Your answer should include a detailed explanation of protein synthesis. (8 marks)
27. a) Give the location of the following processes in the cell: i) transcription (1 mark) ii) translation (1 mark)
b) What is the role of mRNA in transcription? (1 mark)
c) What is the role of mRNA and tRNA in translation? (2 marks)
28. Due to a mutation, one base pair is lost from a DNA molecule. Describe the effect this mutation has on
the protein being synthesized. (1 mark)
29. Describe the role of each of the following in protein synthesis: (5 marks) a) DNA b) mRNA c) tRNA d)
ribosome e) peptide bond
30. a) Name the process
shown in the diagram. (1
mark) b) Give the letter of
the strand that is identical
to strand A. (1 mark) c)
Give the purpose of this
process and give a location
in the cell where this
process occurs.
A B A B A C D B
31. DNA RNA
Name of sugar
Nitrogen base present
Shape of the molecules
One function in the cell
Give the differences between DNA and RNA in terms of: a) name of sugar b) nitrogen base present c)
shape of the molecules d) one function in the cell (4 marks: 1/2 mark for each box)
Compare DNA and RNA by giving the differences for the following: (3 marks: 1/2 marks each)