JCB 4 PDF
JCB 4 PDF
JCB 4 PDF
Name:
Student ID:
Acknowledgement
Place:
Patna
Date:
01-02-12
To Whom It May Concern:
2. History of JCB
3. Operations
5. Display Team
6. In popular culture
9. Summary
1. Introduction to JCB: -
JCB Heritage:
What begin in a garage of 12 feet by 15 feet back in 1945, today
manufacturers over 220 models of construction & agricultural equipments
on four different continents with bases in U.K., the U.S., India & South
America.
JCB Co., Ltd. has been restructuring its business processing system through
offshoring of operations to Dalian, China since FY2008 in order to reduce
operational costs and enhance business competitiveness.
For the transfer of its business, JCB has adopted the thin client system
which enables the company to carry out business activities without leaving
their personal data abroad.
The company has adopted "KDDI Global Powered Ethernet" as the network
connecting between China and Japan and successfully constructed the
operating environment equivalent to that of Japan, by minimizing network
delay.
Additionally, as KDDI provides a one-stop service from the establishment
of a network to its operation, the smooth construction and efficient
operational management have become possible.
Dr. James Cooke Brown invented a language called Loglan in 1955. By the
early 1970s, the project had matured to the point where the language was
getting close to its design goals. Some newcomers joined the project,
including myself. I was able to devise a version of the grammar which
finally met Loglan's goals. I've used what I learned on that research project,
and combined it with what Arthur C. Clarke told us was possible in The
Moon is a Harsh Mistress and 2001. Now, you'll get to see what you get
when you cross Loglan and English.
JCB-English is a language much like English, except that (a) there are some
changes to the grammar, and (b) the grammar rules are really rules, as opposed
to what in English are called rules. Here's a sample:
In 1948 there were six people working for Bamford's company, and it made
the first hydraulic tipping trailer in Europe. In 1950, he moved to an old
cheese factory in Rocester, still employing six. Then, a year later, he began
painting his products yellow. In 1953, the first backhoe loader was
launched, and the JCB logo appeared for the first time. It was designed by
Derby media and advertising designer Leslie Smith. In 1957, the firm
launched the "hydra-digga", incorporating the excavator and the major
loader as a single all-purpose tool which was useful for both the agricultural
as well as construction industry, which JCB grew with.
In 1969, Joseph Bamford was awarded the CBE for Services to Export. In
1975 he retired.
In 1978, the Load all machine was introduced. The next year, JCB started
its operation in India. In 1991, the firm entered a joint venture with
Sumitomo of Japan to produce excavators, which ended in 1998. Two years
later, a JCB factory was completed in Pooler near Savannah, Georgia in the
USA, and the next year a factory was opened in Brazil.
In 2001, Joseph Cyril Bamford died aged 84. In his later life he was a tax
exile.
Planning of a new £40 million pound JCB Heavy Products site began in
2007, and by the next year, the firm began to move from its old site in
Pinfold Street in Uttoxeter to the new site beside the A50. The Pinfold
Street site was demolished in 2009. During that year, JCB announced it was
to make India its largest manufacturing hub. Its factory at Ballabgarh in
Haryana, was to be become the world’s largest backhoe loader
manufacturing facility.
The EarlyYears
The next development was to build mechanical loaders to help with filling
them. So he built a loader arm to fit on the Fordson Major marketed as
the Major Loader.
This was followed by the Master Loader in 1951 a smaller version designed
for loading farm trailers.
By 1953 the Si-draulic loader was being built this would go on to sell more
than 6000 at £75 each. It was also made under licence in France were
20,000 were built.
Expansionand Takeovers1960's
In 1975 Joe announced he was retiring and handing over to his son
Anthony.
By 1977 a new line was introduced in the shape of the JCB 520
Loadall Telescopic Handler. By the end of he 1970's 72000 Backhoes had
been built.
They tried to take over the Bamfords Agricultural implement manufacturer
also from Utoxeter, but failed and it was sold to the Burgess Machinery
group instead.
1980'sthe 3cx REVOLUTION
The completely new designed 3CX was introduced, and sold 10,000 units in
3 years and a total of 100,000 machines since the start of the firm 40y
earlier in a garage.
The JCB 3CX was followed by the larger JCB 4CX for Civil Engineering
contractors with Equal sized wheels and the small JCB 2CX for Utility
contractors working in city streets.
During the 80's they picked up a string of design and Export Awards.
3. Operations: -
JCB has 18 factories in the UK, Germany North and South America, India
and China. The company employs some 7,000 people on four continents
and sells its products in 150 countries through 1500 dealer depot locations.
The company has a range of more than 300 products.
The firm is headquartered in Rocester, United Kingdom, which is also the
production site for Backhoe Loaders and Telescopic 'Loadall' handlers. It
has other factories in nearby Cheadle, Staffordshire, Rugeley, Uttoxeter,
Foston in Derbyshire and Wrexham in North Wales.
Its Indian factories are based in Ballabgarh (Haryana) and Pune, its US
factory is in Pooler, Georgia, its Brazilian factory in Sorocaba, and its
Chinese factory was completed in 2005 in Pudong near Shanghai. JCB also
owns Vibromax, a German compaction equipment company based in
Gatersleben.
The company has also licensed its name and image to a line of
consumer power tools, manufactured by Alba PLC.
Many of the vehicles produced by JCB are variants of the backhoe loader,
including tracked or wheeled variants, mini and large versions and other
variations for carrying and moving items, for example fork lift vehicles and
telescopic handlers for moving materials to the upper floors of a building
site. Wheeled loading shovels and articulated dump trucks are also
produced.
The graph shows this as it shows that their production levels are continually
growing and have not leveled off. JCB's domination of the backhoe loader
market is also shown by the fact that one in every three backhoe loaders in
the world is made by JCB. The company has expanded immensely since it's
beginning in 1945. JCB now has 17 factories worldwide and has 1,000
outlets in 150 different countries. The company is currently targeting
emerging markets such as China and Eastern Europe. The company's
globalization shows that they are having an impact on markets worldwide
and that they are managing to compete against manufacturers from many
different countries.
5. Display Team: -
• In 1958 the singer Lenny Green had a song called JCB and Me.
• In UK version of the Teletubbies one of the live-action visual 5-
minute segments (seen from a Teletubby belly) featured number
counting involving vehicles in lines. A row of JCBs are seen in line,
their hydraulics operated as if they are 'dancing'.
• JCB is gaining international notoriety of sorts after being prominently
featured in the song "JCB" by the music group Nizlopi, which has
achieved UK Number One status. The song is about a boy who goes to
work with his father for the day.
• A JCB (not talking) named Jekub appears in volume 2 (Diggers) of
The Bromeliad (alias Nomes) series by Terry Pratchett.
• The Lego Technical range featured a scale-model of the JCB backhoe
(Set 8862), complete with working hydraulics systems (simulated using
pneumatics) and many other features of the original.
• In series 9 of Top Gear Jeremy Clarkson bought a JCB Fastrac 8250
for a challenge involving "growing your own petrol". Jeremy Clarkson,
James May, and Richard Hammond all had to reverse their vehicles
around the Top Gear car park.
• The song ‘McCavity’ by the UK group The Macc Lads contains the
line "He's filled more holes than a JCB" to (rather crudely) demonstrate
the sexual prowess of the band-member being sung about.
• One digger stars in the music video Sunday Morning - 1985 hit song
by The Bolshoi. Three band members are standing on this 360-degree
excavator while Trevor Tanner (the singer) is lying on the sofa.
The word "truck" might have come from a back-formation of "truckle" with
the meaning "small wheel", "pulley", from Middle English trokell, in turn
from Latin trochlea. Another explanation is that it comes from
Latin trochus with the meaning of "iron hoop". In turn, both go back
to Greektrokhos (τροχός) meaning "wheel" from trekhein (τρέχειν, "to
run"). The first known usage of "truck" was in 1611 when it referred to the
small strong wheels on ships' cannon carriages. In its extended usage it
came to refer to carts for carrying heavy loads, a meaning known since
1771. With the meaning of "motor-powered load carrier", it has been in
usage since 1930, shortened from "motor truck", which dates back to 1916.
"Lorry" has a more uncertain origin, but probably has its roots in
the railroad industry, where the word is known to have been used in 1838 to
refer to a type of truck (a freight car as in British usage, not a bogie as in the
American), specifically a large flat wagon. It probably derives from the
verb lurry (to pull, tug) of uncertain origin. With the meaning of "self-
propelled vehicle for carrying goods" it has been in usage since 1911.
Cab over engine (COE) or flat nose; where the driver is seated above
the front axle and the engine. This design is almost ubiquitous
in Europe, where overall truck lengths are strictly regulated, but also
widely used in the rest of the world as well. They were common
in North America, but lost prominence when permitted length was
extended in the early 1980s. To access the engine, the whole cab tilts
forward, earning this design the name of tilt-cab. This type of cab is
especially suited to the delivery conditions in Europe where many roads
follow the layout of much more ancient path, and track ways which
require the additional turning capability of the cab over engine type. The
COE design was invented by Viktor Schreckengost.
Conventional cabs are the most common in North
America and Australia, and are known in the UK as American cabs and
in the Netherlands as "torpedo cabs". The driver is seated behind the
engine, as in most passenger cars or pickup trucks. Conventional are
further divided into large car and aerodynamic designs. A "large car" or
"long nose" is a conventional truck with a long (6-to-8-foot or 1.83-to-
2.44 m or more) hood. Aerodynamic cabs are very streamlined, with a
sloped hood and other features to lower drag.
Cab beside engine designs also exist, but are rather rare and are
mainly used inside shipping yards, or other specialist uses such as
aircraft baggage loading.
Small trucks use the same type of transmissions as almost all cars, having
either an automatic transmission or a manual transmission
with synchromesh (synchronizers). Bigger trucks often use manual
transmissions without synchronisers, saving bulk and weight, although
synchromesh transmissions are used in larger trucks as well. Transmissions
without synchronizers, known as "crash boxes", require double-
clutching for each shift, (which can lead to repetitive motion injuries), or a
technique known colloquially as "floating", a method of changing gears
which doesn't use the clutch, except for starts and stops, due to the physical
effort of double clutching, especially with non power assisted clutches,
faster shifts, and less clutch wear.
Double-clutching allows the driver to control the engine and transmission
revolutions to synchronize, so that a smooth shift can be made, e.g., when
upshifting, the accelerator pedal is released and the clutch pedal is
depressed while the gear lever is moved into neutral, the clutch pedal is then
released and quickly pushed down again while the gear lever is moved to
the next higher gear. Finally, the clutch pedal is released and the accelerator
pedal pushed down to obtain required engine speed. Although this is a
relatively fast movement, perhaps a second or so while transmission is in
neutral, it allows the engine speed to drop and synchronize engine and
transmission revolutions relative to the road speed. Downshifting is
performed in a similar fashion, except the engine speed is now required to
increase (while transmission is in neutral) just the right amount in order to
achieve the synchronization for a smooth, non-collision gear change. Skip
changing is also widely used; in principle operation is the same as double-
clutching, but it requires neutral be held slightly longer than a single gear
change.
Common North American setups include 9, 10, 13, 15, and 18
speeds. Automatic and semi-automatic transmissions for heavy trucks are
becoming more and more common, due to advances both in transmission
and engine power. In Europe 8, 10, 12 and 16 gears are common on larger
trucks with manual transmission, while automatic or semi-automatic
transmissions would have anything from 5 to 12 gears. Almost all heavy
truck transmissions are of the "range and split" (double H shift pattern)
type, where range change and so-called half gears or splits are air operated
and always pre selected before the main gear selection.
Frame
9. Summary: -
was oldest earth moving Construction Company and was entered in India
in1979 in joint venture with
Escorts Group
. JCB India Limited of United Kingdom is ranked in the top 5
manufacturers of earthmoving and construction equipment in the world. The
company sells its products in over 130countries and is the world’s no. 1 in
the Backhoe Loader or the Excavator – Loaders market. Stated below is a
synopsis of JCB India corporate:
1979: JCB India Limited,
World-renowned EMCE manufacturer, & Escorts limited, a major Indian
engineering conglomerate and player in the Indian Earthmoving and
Construction Equipment Industry (EMCE) joint hands to form
Escorts JCB (EJCB)
a joint venture.
Plant located at Ballabgarh 30 kilometres from Delhi starts operations and
in June rolls out its first equipment – an excavator loader. The Excavator-
Loader was a machine for the Indian EMCE market making the beginning
of mechanization of small and medium sized jobs. The first model was JCB
3C MarkIII.
Together with his new role as managing director of JCB Compact Products,
the company said Mr Bamford would continue to retain responsibility for
JCB Utility Products. The combined annual turnover of both businesses is
around £150 million (€172 million).
Mr Bamford said, "I am taking over as managing director of JCB Compact
Products at a pivotal moment. The business is going from strength to
strength and we have some exciting new product innovations coming
through in the next couple of years, which will strongly improve our market
position. I'm really looking forward to the challenge."
JCB Chairman Sir Anthony Bamford added that his son's experience in
developing new products and markets would benefit JCB compact products
as the business embarked on its next phase of growth.