TRANSLATION

STUDIES
Group 1: Alcorin, Anasco, Ayop, Arroyo, Banaag
table of contents
1 Translation
2 What is Translation Studies?
3 Comparison & Contrast: Translation,
Interpretation, Transliteration
4 Aim and Uses of Translation
 TRANSLATION
Origin:
Old French
Latin “translatio” (transporting)
- “transferre” (to carry over)
 TRANSLATION

The general subject The product , the The process of

field or text that has been producing the
phenomenon translated translation,
translating.
TRANSLATION PROCESS
Source Text (ST)
in Source Language (SL)

Target Text (TT)

in Target Language (TL)
CATEGORIES OF TRANSLATION
1. Intralingual Translation (rewording).
Interpretation of verbal signs with other signs in the same
language.
2. Interlingual Translation (translation proper).
Interpretation of verbal signs in other language.
3. Intersemiotic Translation (transmutation).
Interpretation of verbal signs by means of tother non-verbal sign
systems
 WHAT IS
TRANSLATION
STUDIES?
TRANSLATION STUDIES
The complex of problems clustered around the
phenomenon of translating and translations.

-J. Holmes
PROMINENCE OF TRANSLATION STUDIES
Specialized Conferences, Demand for International
translating and Books and General and Organization
interpreting Journals on Analytical
programmes translation in instruments
many
languages
 BRIEF HISTORY
Grammar Translation

Translation Workshops

Comparative Literature

Contrastive Linguistics
THE HOLMES/TOURY MAP

James S. Holmes
 PURE
Theoretical Descriptive
the establishment of general the description of the phenomena of
principles to explain and predict such translation
phenomena
 DESCRIPTIVE
Product-oriented Process-oriented Function-oriented
Examines existing Translation A study of context rather a texts describe the process or act of
translation
 THEORETICAL
-describe, predict, and explain the phenomena of translating and translation
studies combined with related disciplines
General Partial
Refers to those writing that seek to Discuss the restriction, teh boundary or
describe every type of translation and the scope of what, when, where and how
to make generalizations that will be does the a translation occurs.
relevants for translation as a whole.
 PARTIAL

Medium restricted Area restricted Rank restricted

-the medium of translation -restricted to a specific language or -Linguistic Theory that have been
culture restricted to a level of a word or
sentence.
 PARTIAL

Text-type restricted Time restricted Problem restricted

-dealing with a discourse type of genre -translations are limited according to -translations are limited to one or
a specific times and periods more specific problem within the area
 APPLIED

Translation Training Translation Aids Translation Criticism

-thought in school, University, and -dictionaries, grammars, and the evaluation of translations,
courses to train professional information technology
translators
THE VAN DOORSLAER MAP

van Doorslaer
VAN DOORSLAER MAP IS SUBDIVIDED INTO:

lingual mode (interlingual, intralingual);

media (printed, audiovisual, electronic);
mode (covert/overt translation, direct/indirect translation, mother tongue/other tongue translation, pseudo-
translation, retranslation, self-translation,sight translation, etc.);
field (political, journalistic, technical, literary, religious, scientific, commercial).
approaches (e.g. cultural approach, linguistic approach);
theories (e.g. general translation theory, polysystem theory);
research methods (e.g. descriptive, empirical);
applied translation studies (criticism, didactics, institutional environment)
Figure 1.3 Translation strategies (following van Doorslaer 2007: 226)
Figure 1.4 Translation procedures (following van Doorslaer 2007: 227)
Interdisciplinary Multidisciplinary

Connection to Involvement of
knowledge and researchers from
technology. other disciplines.
 Comparison &
Contrast:
Translation,
Interpretation,
Transliteration
Translation Interpretation
Otto Kade (1968)
the general subject field or phenomenon (‘I studied (a) the source language text is presented only once
translation at university’) and thus cannot be reviewed or replayed
the product – that is, the text that has been (b) the target language text is produced under time
translated (‘they published the Arabic translation of pressure, with little chance for correction and
the report’) revision’.
the process of producing the translation, otherwise deals with the spoken word and is delivered
known as translating (‘translation service’). immediately.

Transliteration
doesn't provide the meaning but helps users/readers
pronounce words in an unfamiliar language using their
native tongue's characters. For example, '‫ 'إله‬the
English transliteration is 'Allah' allowing you to read it
phonetically.
helps people speak a language by showing the
pronunciation in the language they understand.
Translation Transliteration

pronunciation
text-based sounds, letters
High level of accuracy representation
converting/transferring does not carry across any of the
Can be reviewed
one thing contextual meanings between
(language/text) to
languages.
another

Importance on
preserving
knowledge on the SL
meaning/context of
both SL and TL and TL

Oral translation
Live/real-time (can't be
reviewed)
understanding and
communication over
perfection.
fluency in both the SL and TL,

Interpretation
AIMS AND USES OF
TRANSLATION
Contextualization
Communicative
A I Act
M S
Fidelity Accuracy
Contextualization
The aim of translation may depend on various
factors, such as its intended audience or
purpose.

Since translation is context-based, the ST must A I

first be identified if its technical, narrative,
interactive, or descriptive. This is to produce
appropriate outputs in the process of translating.
M S
 Communicative Act
The role of translation is to relay meaning,
may it be within or to another language.

A I The target audience should be able to

comprehend the translation.

M S
Fidelity A I
The translation must have faithfulness
to the meaning rather than just the
words of the author (Louis Kelly, 1979).
M S
One must also maintain the spirit of the
ST/SL, which means keeping the creative
energy of a text or language.
 Accuracy
A I 1. The correct transfer of information and evidence
of complete comprehension
M S 2. The appropriate choice of vocabulary, idiom,
terminology and register;
3. cohesion, coherence and organization;
4. The accuracy in technical aspects of punctuation
and etc.
(The Institute of Linguists' (IoL) Diploma in Translation Assessment Criteria for Translation
.
Communication Preservation of SL and ST
Interpersonal Communication
Providing access to important texts for scholarship
Communicating with L1 and L2 to other people.
and religious purposes (e.g. The Bible)
Mass Communication
Foreign media utilize translation and
interpretation to reach audiences beyond their
SL.
US
Professional Application
Professional commercial translators and
E S Academe and Research
Translation workshops

interpreters such as: Comparative literature (compared transnationally and

transculturally)
Medical, Literary, or Judicial Translators.
Communications, Marketing, or PR Contrastive analysis (attempt to identify general and specific
differences between two languages)
SUMMARY
Translation Categories of Interpretation Tranliteration
The Subject Translation deals with the deals with the
The Product spoken word script of the
The Process Intralingual and is delivered language
Translation immediately.
Interlingual
Translation
Intersemiotic
Translation
Translation Studies Key Points in the Aims of Translation Uses of Translation
Communication
The complex of problems History of Contextualization Preservation of SL and
clustered around the Translation Studies Communicative Act ST
phenomenon of Fidelity Professional Application
Grammar
translating and Accuracy Academe and Research
Translation
translations.
Translation
Workshops
-J. Holmes
Comparative
Literature
Contrastive
Linguistics

The Holmes/Toury
Map
THANK
YOU!
CASE STUDY
Group 1: Alcorin, Anasco, Ayop, Arroyo, Banaag
 INTRALINGUAL
TRANSLATION LITERACY IN
WRITING RESEARCH PAPER
by Alvin Taufik
2022
INTRODUCTION OPILO
Overview
1. Intralingual Translation (rewording).
Interpretation of verbal signs with other signs in the same
language.
2. Interlingual Translation (translation proper).
Interpretation of verbal signs in other language.
3. Intersemiotic Translation (transmutation).
Interpretation of verbal signs by means of tother non-verbal sign
systems
-Jakobson. 1959
INTRODUCTION OPILO
Problem
finding synonyms is a every bit as difficult as finding an equivalence since neither
equivalence nor synonym to other language or the same language is absolute.
INTRODUCTION OPILO
Importance
Damage the credibility of the researches and researchers of this country,
and the institution, to be specific.
Ellaboration on current/simlar studies.
In-depth analysis of intralingual translations
INTRODUCTION OPILO
Literature
Lithuania focused on the attitude of the learners toward reading, writing, and
translation. Another focus on the skills of rephrasing and one research fro the
same country as the researcher, which is Indonesia, analyses the problem of
translating academic texts. These researches are similar to the author’s research
in the sense that they are looking for methods to improve translation proficiency,
deals with the skills of rephrasing, and translating academic texts or its problem
INTRODUCTION OPILO
Objective
1. Identify the intralingual translation skills that need to be learned by the
students to be able to successfully write a research paper.
2. Make informed decisions on the suggestions for future teaching of academic
writing subjects.
METHODS
The analysis was conducted on the students’ thesis proposal. Students are
asked to submit their proposal and one or two references that they use in
their research paper.
Their paper is analysed using Kovacs’ elements of paraphrasing, and
Mathieu’s theory on the problems of translation. There are two research
paper which will become the sample in this research.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

STUDENT J’S REFERENCE AND

ITS CITATION
Student J has partially been successful in conducting an intralingual translation. This
partial success can be seen from the practice of using synonyms and rephrasing.
SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
STUDENT J’S REFERENCE AND ITS CITATION
PRACTICING COLLOCATION

ACCURATE RENDITION (NAMELY WITHOUT ANY ADDITION

OR REDUCTION IN INTRALINGUAL TRANSLATION TRAINING
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

STUDENT F'S REFERENCE AND

ITS CITATION
 SYNONYMS

NEW WORD ORDER

Student J has been partially successful in his intralingual translation through his
use of synonyms and changes in the word order.
ISSUES WITH THE PAPER
COLLOCATION
COPY-PASTING
SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
STUDENT F'S REFERENCE AND ITS CITATION
COLLOCATIONAL TRAINING

ENRICHMENT OF REPHRASING KNOWLEDGE

CONCLUSION
Two methods used:
(1) deconstruction of the meaning to be written in their own words
(2) the highlights of keywords and structure to be altered in terms of word
order and word choices.
CONCLUSION

there is a need to train the students on the use of proper collocation

there should be an emphasis in the training to pay attention to the intended
meaning in the original and to avoid reduction or addition
there is also a need to train the students on how to conduct a proper
rephrase in conducting intralingual translation.
THANK
YOU!