GR11 Biology CHP 4 Animalkingdom

THE ASIAN SCHOOL, KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN
GRADE 11 BIOLOGY-2024-25
CHAPTER 4 –ANIMAL KINGDOM
1. What are the difficulties that you would face in classification, if common
fundamental features are not taken into account?
Ans. If fundamental features are not taken into account there may be difficulty in the
proper classification of animals.
For example an insect, a bird and a bat (mammal) having wings may be placed in the
same group.
Similarly shark (cartilaginous fish) and whale (mammal) may be placed in the same
group.
2. If you are given a specimen, what are the steps that you would follow to classify it.
Ans. Following features will be taken into consideration in a sequence:
(i) Its level of organization and type of organ systems.
(ii) Its symmetry.
(iii) Its body cavity or coelom.
(iv)Presence or absence of notochord and vertebral column.
(v) Its locomotory organs like fins, limbs, wings etc.
3. How useful is the study of the nature of body cavity and coelom in the classification
of animals?
Ans. Presence or absence of a cavity between the body wall and the gut is very
important in classification. The body cavity lined by mesoderm is called coelom.
The animals are grouped into three types based on the absence or presence of coelom.
The animals in which the body cavity is absent are called acoelomates. Eg.
Platyhelminthes.
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In some animals the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead the mesoderm is
present as scattered pouches between the ectoderm and endoderm; such a cavity is
called pseudocoelom. Eg. Aschelminthes
4. What is the difference between direct and indirect development?
Ans. Direct Development Indirect development
1. There is no larval stage during 1. There is a larval stage during the

the development of the animal. development of the animal.
2. The born young ones resemble 2. The born or hatched individuals
the adult but are immature in form. do not resemble the adult and
undergoes changes (metamorphosis)
Eg. Earthworm, human beings to develop into adults.
Eg. Silk moth, frog.
5. What are the peculiar features that you find in parasitic platyhelminthes?
Ans. (i) They have hooks and suckers to attach to the body of the host.
(ii) Some of them absorb nutrients from the host through the body surface.
(iii) They lack alimentary canal.
(iv)They have thick cuticle.
6. What are the reasons that you could think for the arthropods to constitute the largest
group of animal kingdom?
Ans. Arthropods have a tough chitinous exoskeleton that help them to survive in diverse
type of habitats.
They have high reproductive capacity ie. They lay eggs in very large numbers.
They have trachea/ book gills or book lungs for respiration.
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7. All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates’. Justify the
statement
Ans. All chordates have a notochord in the embryonic stage. In some chordates the
notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in adults. Such animals are called
vertebrates.
Therefore all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
8. How important is the presence of air bladder in Pisces?
Ans. An air bladder is present in bony fishes, which acts as a buoyancy regulator. It
enables the fish to stay at a particular depth in water without sinking.
9. What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?
• The body of birds is streamlined that offers least resistance in flying.
• The forelimbs are modified into wings.
• They have well developed flight muscles.
• The bones are hollow or pneumatic which makes the bird light in weight.
10. Could the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous
mother be equal? Why?
Ans. The number of eggs produced by an oviparous mother will be more than the
number of young ones produced by a viviparous mother. This is because in oviparous
animals the development of young ones takes place outside the mother’s body. As a
result their eggs are more prone to environmental conditions and predators. Therefore to
overcome the loss more eggs are produced by the mother.
Viviparous mother gives rise to fewer number of young ones because there are less
chances of their death, as their development takes place in safe conditions inside the
body of the mother.
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THE ASIAN SCHOOL, KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN

CHAPTER 4 –ANIMAL KINGDOM

(ii) Its symmetry.

(iii) Its body cavity or coelom.

(iv)Presence or absence of notochord and vertebral column.

(v) Its locomotory organs like fins, limbs, wings etc.

1. There is no larval stage during 1. There is a larval stage during the

• The body of birds is streamlined that offers least resistance in flying.

• The forelimbs are modified into wings.

• They have well developed flight muscles.

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