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Lecture 3 Part 1 - CS50's Introduction To Programming With Python

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Lecture 3 Part 1 - CS50's Introduction To Programming With Python

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11/18/24, 4:18 AM Lecture 3 - CS50's Introduction to Programming with Python

CS50’s Introduction to Programming with Python


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David J. Malan (https://cs.harvard.edu/malan/)


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Lecture 3
Exceptions
Runtime Errors
try
else
Creating a Function to Get an Integer
pass
Summing Up

Exceptions
 Exceptions are things that go wrong within our coding.

https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/2022/notes/3/ 1/8
11/18/24, 4:18 AM Lecture 3 - CS50's Introduction to Programming with Python

 In our text editor, type code hello.py to create a new file. Type as follows (with the intentional errors included):

print("hello, world)

Notice that we intentionally left out a quotation mark.


 Running python hello.py in our terminal window, an error is outputted. The compiler states that it is a “syntax error.”” Syntax
errors are those that require you to double-check that you typed in your code correction.
 You can learn more in Python’s documentation of Errors and Exceptions (https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html).

Runtime Errors
 Runtime errors refer to those created by unexpected behavior within your code. For example, perhaps you intended for a user to
input a number, but they input a character instead. Your program may throw an error because of this unexpected input from the
user.
 In your terminal window, run code number.py . Code as follows in your text editor:

x = int(input("What's x? "))
print(f"x is {x}")

Notice that by including the f , we tell Python to interpolate what is in the curly braces as the value of x . Further, testing out
your code, you can imagine how one could easily type in a string or a character instead of a number. Even still, a user could type
nothing at all – simply hitting the enter key.
 As programmers, we should be defensive to ensure that our users are entering what we expected. We might consider “corner
cases” such as -1 , 0 , or cat .
 If we run this program and type in “cat”, we’ll suddenly see ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'cat'
Essentially, the Python interpreter does not like that we passed “cat” to the int function.
 An effective strategy to fix this potential error would be to create “error handling” to ensure the user behaves as we intend.
 You can learn more in Python’s documentation of Errors and Exceptions (https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html).

https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/2022/notes/3/ 2/8

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