Physics Worksheet Competative Exam

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Grade: XISCI PHYSICS

Date: 7/12/22 Worksheet - 1

FOR COMPETATIVE EXAMS:- NEET/MHT-CET/JEE/PARAMEDICAL COURSES

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS


1. Pascal’s Law states that ___

a. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.


b. Force is the time rate of change of momentum.
c. For an ideal gas, the pressure is directly proportional to temperature
and constant volume and mass.
d. A pressure change at any point in the fluid is transmitted throughout
the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere

Answer: d

2. Which instrument is used to measure pressure?

a. Ammeter
b. Speedometer
c. Barometer
d. Voltmeter

Answer: c

3. A force is applied on a cube of side 3m. Another force, double the


magnitude of the previous force is applied on a cube of 1m. Calculate
the ratio of pressure on the first cube (P) to the pressure on the second
cube (P’)?

a. 1/9
b. 18
c. 1/18
d. ½

Answer: c

4. The working of hydraulic machines based on?

a. Pascal’s Law
b. Newton’s Law of Cooling
c. Law of Gravitation
d. Ideal Gas Law

Answer: a
5. Plants get water through the roots by the action of:

a. Capillarity
b. Viscosity
c. Gravity
d. Elasticity

Answer: a

6. A force F is applied on a uniform rod of cross-section A and a force F’ is


applied on a uniform rod of cross-section 3A. What is the relation
between F and F’ if the pressure on both is the same?

a. F/F’ = 1/3
b. F/F’ = 3
c. F’/F = 1/3
d. F/F’ = 1/9

Answer: a

7. Pressure decreases if

a. only the force is increased but not the area


b. only the area is decreases but not the force
c. either area decreases or force increases
d. the force decreases and/or area increases

Answer: d

8. Choose the wrong statement from the following.

a. Small droplets of a liquid are spherical due to surface tension


b. Oil rises through the wick due to capillarity
c. In drinking cold drinks through a straw, we use the phenomenon of
capillarity
d. Gum is used to stick two surfaces. In this process, we use the
property of Adhesion

Answer: c

9. Study of fluid mechanics called?

a. Dynamics
b. Fluid Dynamics
c. Mechanics
d. None

Answer: b
10. When the area decreases, pressure___?

a. pressure increases
b. pressure decreases
c. pressure remains constant
d. the change in pressure cannot be determined

Answer: a

11. 3 containers A, B, and C are filled with water as shown in the figure.
What is the relation between the pressures at 1, 2, 3? Assume that all
jars are stationery.

a. 1:1:1
b. 1:2:3
c. 3:2:1
d. 1:2:1

Answer: a

12. Ques 12. Pascal’s Law is valid only for _____

a. water
b. metals
c. fluids
d. gases

Answer: c

13. Ques 13. Plants get water through the roots because of

a. Viscosity
b. Capillarity
c. Gravity
d. Elasticity

Answer: b
14. The height of a liquid in a fine capillary tube

a. Increases as the effective value of acceleration due to gravity are


decreased
b. Increases with an increase in the density of a liquid
c. Decreases with a decrease in the diameter of the tube
d. Decreases with an increase in the surface tension

Answer: a

15. A capillary tube when immersed vertically in a liquid records a rise of 3


cm. if the tube is immersed in the liquid at an angle of 60° with the
vertical, then the length of the liquid column along the tube will be

a. 4 cm
b. 2 cm
c. 8 cm
d. 6 cm

Answer: d

16. Water rises up to a height of 5 cm in a capillary tube of radius 2 mm.


what is the radius of the radius of the capillary tube if the water rises up
to a height of 10 cm in another capillary?

a. 2 mm
b. 1 mm
c. 3 mm
d. 5 mm

Answer: b

17. If the surface of a liquid is plane, then the angle of contact of the liquid
with the walls of the container is

a. Obtuse Angle
b. Acute Angle
c. 00
d. 900

Answer: c

18. According to Archimedes’ principle, loss of weight of a body immersed


in a liquid is equal to

a. weight of the liquid displaced


b. weight of the total liquid
c. weight of the body
d. None of the above
Answer: a

19. Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is

a. Transmitted unchanged to every portion of the fluid and wall of


containing vessel.
b. Increased in proportion to the mass of the fluid and then transmitted
c. Diminished and transmitted to the wall of container
d. Increased and applied to every part of the fluid

Answer: a

20. A block of ice floats on a liquid of density 1.2 in a beaker then the level
of liquid when the ice completely melts

a. rises
b. remains same
c. lowers
d. None of these

Answer: a

21. .When a spinning ball is thrown in the blowing air the path of the ball
becomes curved due to the:

a. Compton effect
b. Magnus effect
c. Doppler effect
d. See beck effect
e. Answer Not Known

Answer b

22. Water is flowing through a horizontal pipe of a non-uniform cross-


section. At the extreme narrow portion of the pipe, the water will have:

a. 1.maximum pressure and least speed.


b. 2.least pressure and maximum speed.
c. 3.both pressure and speed maximum.

answer b
23. Venturimeter and orifice meter work on the principle of--,,---'-

a. mass transport phenomenon


b. continuity equation
c. Darcy-Weisbach phenomenon
d. Bernoulli's equation

answer d
24. Water flows in a horizontal pipe of non-uniform area of cross-section at
a pressure difference of 1.6 cm of mercury. If the velocity of water at the
larger cross-section of pipe is 50 cm/s, find the velocity of water at the
other end?

a. √𝟒. 𝟎𝟗
b. √𝟐. 𝟖𝟖
c. √𝟒. 𝟓𝟏
d. √𝟐. 𝟑𝟖

answer c
25. A plane is in level flight at a constant speed and each of m2. If the
speed of the air is 198 km/h over the lower wing and 270 km/h over the
upper wing. Determine the plane's mass? (Take air density = 1 kg/m3)

a. 5306.1 kg
b. 26000 kg
c. 52000 Kg

answer c
26. If the flow speeds of the upper and lower surfaces of the wings of an
airplane are 260m/s and 250m/s, the wings cover an area of 500 m2 then
what would be the lift generated (in kN)? (take density of air as 1kg/m3).

a. 637.5
b. 1275
c. 2550
d. 350

answer:b

27. The pressure of water in a pipe when water is not flowing is 3 x 1o5 Pa
and when the water flows the pressure falls to 2.5 x 105 Pa. Find the
speed of flow of water (in m/s)?

a. 1. 5
b. 2. 10
c. 3. 20
d. 4. 1

Answer d
28. Equation relates the pressure difference between two points in a pipe to
changes in Kinetic as well as potential energy.

a. 1.Pascal's
b. 2.Archimedes'
c. 3.Bernoulli's
d. 4.Torricelli's

Answer ; C
29. A U tube with both ends open to the atmosphere, is partially filled with
water. Oil, which is immiscible with water, is poured into one side until
it stands at a distance of 10 mm above the water level on the other side.
Meanwhile the water rises by 65 mm from its original level (see
diagram). The density of the oil
is

a. 425 kg m–3
b. 800 kg m–3
c. 928 kg m–3
d. 650 kg m–3

answer c
30. Two non-mixing liquids of densities r and nr (n > 1) are put in a
container. The height of each liquid is h. A solid cylinder of length L and
density d is put in this container. The cylinder floats with its axis
vertical and length pL (p < 1) in the denser liquid. The density d is equal
to

a. {2 + (n – 1)p}r
b. {1 + (n – 1)p}r
c. {1 + (n + 1)p}r
d. {2 + (n + 1)p}r

answer b
31. The cylindrical tube of a spray pump has radius R, one end of which
has n fine holes, each of radius r. If the speed of the liquid in the tube is
V, the speed of the ejection of the liquid through the holes is

a. VR2 /n3r2
b. VR2 /n2r2
c. VR2 /nr
d. VR2 /nr2

answer d
32. A small hole of area of cross-section 2 mm2 is present near the bottom
of a fully filled open tank of height 2 m. Taking g = 10 m/s2, the rate of
flow of water through the open hole would be nearly

a. (a) 6.4 × 10–6 m3/s


b. (b) 12.6 × 10–6 m3/s
c. (c) 8.9 × 10–6 m3/s
d. (d) 2.23 × 10–6 m3/s

answer b
33. A wind with speed 40 m/s blows parallel to the roof of a house. The
area of the roof is 250 m2. Assuming that the pressure inside the house
is atmospheric pressure, the force exerted by the wind on the roof and
the direction of the force will be (rair = 1.2 kg/m3)

a. (a) 2.4 × 105 N, upwards


b. (b) 2.4 × 105 N, downwards
c. (c) 4.8 × 105 N, downwards
d. (d) 4.8 × 105 N, upwards

Answer a
34. A fluid is in streamline flow across a horizontal pipe of variable area of
cross section. For this which of the following statements is correct?

a. (a) The velocity is maximum at the narrowest part of the pipe and
pressure is maximum at the widest part of the pipe.
b. (b) Velocity and pressure both are maximum at the narrowest part of
the pipe.
c. (c) Velocity and pressure both are maximum at the widest part of the
pipe.
d. The velocity is minimum at the narrowest part of the pipe and the
pressure is minimum at the widest part of the pipe.

Answer a
35. Two small spherical metal balls, having equal masses, are made from
materials of densities r1 and r2(r1= 8r2) and have radii of 1mm and 2
mm, respectively. They are made to fall vertically (from rest) in a
viscous medium whose coefficient of viscosity equals h and whose
density is 0.1 r2. The ratio of their terminal velocities would be

a. 79/ 72
b. 19/36
c. 39/ 72
d. 79/36

Answer d
36. A small sphere of radius ‘r’ falls from rest in a viscous liquid. As a
result, heat is produced due to viscous force. The rate of production of
heat when the sphere attains its terminal velocity, is proportional to

a. r3
b. r2
c. r5
d. r4

Answer c
37. A capillary tube of radius r is immersed in water and water rises in it to
a height h. The mass of the water in the capillary is 5 g. Another
capillary tube of radius 2r is immersed in water. The mass of water that
will rise in this tube is

a. (a) 2.5 g
b. (b) 5.0 g
c. (c) 10.0 g
d. (d) 20.0 g

Answer c
38. A soap bubble, having radius of 1 mm, is blown from a detergent
solution having a surface tension of 2.5 × 10–2 N/m. The pressure inside
the bubble equals at a point Z0 below the free surface of water in a
container. Taking g = 10 m/s2, density of water = 103 kg/m3, the value
of Z0 is

a. (a) 0.5 cm
b. (b) 100 cm
c. (c) 10 cm
d. (d) 1 cm

Answer d
39. A rectangular film of liquid is extended from (4 cm × 2 cm) to (5 cm × 4
cm). If the work done is 3 × 10–4 J, the value of the surface tension of
the liquid is

a. (a) 0.250 N m–1


b. (b) 0.125 N m–1
c. (c) 0.2 N m–1
d. (d) 8.0 N m–1

Answer b
40. Three liquids of densities r1, r2 and r3 (with r1 > r2 > r3), having the
same value of surface tension T, rise to the same height in three
identical capillaries. The angles of contact q1, q2 and q3 obey
a. (a) p/2 > q1 > q2 > q3 ≥ 0
b. (b) 0 ≤ q1 < q2 < q3 < p/2
c. (c) p/2 < q1 < q2 < q3 < p
d. (d) p > q1 > q2 > q3 > p/2

Answer b
41. Water rises to a height h in capillary tube. If the length of capillary tube
above the surface of water is made less than h, then

a. (a) water rises upto a point a little below the top and stays there
b. (b) water does not rise at all
c. (c) water rises upto the tip of capillary tube and then starts
overflowing like a fountain
d. (d) water rises upto the top of capillary tube and stays there without
overflowing.

Answer d
42. The wettability of a surface by a liquid depends primarily on

a. density
b. angle of contact between the surface and the liquid

Answer b

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS


1. Which of the following materials is most elastic?

a. Steel
b. Rubber
c. Copper
d. Glass

Answer: (a) Young’s modulus of elasticity is highest for steel and Greater the
young’s modulus larger is its elasticity.

2. The property of a body by virtue of which it tends to regain its original size
and shape when the applied force is removed is called

a. (a) elasticity
b. (b) plasticity
c. (c) rigidity
d. (d) compressibility

Answer: (a)
3. In magnitude hydraulic stress is equal to

a. hydraulic force
b. hydraulic pressure
c. restoring force
d. hydraulic strain

Answer: (b)

4. Substances which can be stretched to cause large strains are called

a. (a) brittle
b. (b) ductile
c. (c) plastic
d. (d) elastomer

Answer: (d)

5. Shearing stress change ____________ of the body.

a. (a) length
b. (b) breadth
c. (c) shape
d. (d) volume

Answer: (c)

6. The reason for the change in shape of a regular body is


a. volume stress
b. shearing strain
c. longitudinal strain
d. metallic strain

Answer: (b)

7. Shearing strain is expressed by


a. (a) angle of shear
b. (b) angle of twist
c. (c) decrease in volume
d. (d) increase in volume

Answer: (a)

8. The restoring force per unit area is known as


a. (a) strain
b. (b) elasticity
c. (c) stress
d. (d) plasticity

Answer: (c)
9. Which of the following substance has the lowest elasticity?
a. (a) Steel
b. (b) Copper
c. (c) Rubber
d. (d) wood

Answer: (a)

10. Which of the following affects the elasticity of a substance?


a. (a) Hammering and annealing
b. (b) Change in temperature
c. (c) Impurity in substance
d. (d) All of the above

Answer: (d)

11. When forces are applied on a body such that it is still in static equilibrium,
then the extent to which the body gets deformed, depends on
e. (a) nature of the material
f. (b) magnitude of deforming force
g. (c) Both (a) & (b)
h. (d) None of these

Answer: (c) The deformation of a body on application of a force depends on


the nature of the material and the magnitude of the applied force.

12. If the load is increased beyond the _ point, the strain increases rapidly for
even a small change in the stress.
a. (a) elastic point
b. (b) yield point
c. (c) plastic point
d. (d) fracture point

Answer: (b) Yield point is the point, beyond which the wire starts showing
increase in strain without any increase in stress.

13. What is the phenomenon of temporary delay in regaining the original


configuration by an elastic body, after the removal of a deforming force?

(a) Elastic fatigue

(b) Elasticity

(c) Plasticity

(d) Elastic after effect

Answer
Answer: (d) Elastic after effect is defined as the temporary delay in regaining
the original configuration by an elastic body after the removal of a deforming
force.

14. Which of the following is not a type of stress?

(a) Tensile stress

(b) Compressive stsress

(c) Hydraulic stress

(d) None of these

Answer: (d) A cylinder stretched by two equal forces applied normal to its
cross-sectional area, it experiences tensile stress; & if cylinder is compressed
under the action of applied forces, the restoring force per unit area is known
as compressive stress.

A body immersed in a fluid develops restoring force equal & opposite to the
forces applied by fluid. This restoring force per unit area is hydraulic stress.

15. Which of the following elastic moduli is used to describe the elastic
behaviour of object as they respond to the deforming forces acting on
them?

(a) Young’s modulus

(b) Shear modulus

(c) Bulk modulus

(d) All of these

Answer: (d) The three elastic moduli viz young’s modulus, shear modulus and
bulk modulus are used to describe the elastic behavior of objects as they
respond to deforming forces acting on them.

16. A rubber cord of cross sectional area 1 mm² and unstretched length 10 cm
is stretched to 12 cm and then released to project a stone of mass 5 gram.
If Y for rubber = 5 x 108 N/m², then the tension in the rubber cord is

(a) 25 N

(b) 50 N

(c) 100 N

(d) 200 N
Answer: (c) 100 N

17. Which of the following types of stress causes no change in shape?

(a) Compressive stress

(b) Hydraulic stress

(c) Shearing stress

(d) None of these

Answer: (b) Hydraulic stress is relevant to volumetric strain, 􀀧V/V, but there is
no change in shape.

18. Hooke’s law essentially defines

(a) Stress

(b) Strain

(c) Yield point

(d) Elastic limit

Answer: (d) Elastic limit

19. Two wires have the same material and length, but their masses are in the
ration of 4 : 3. If they are stretched by the same force, their elongations will
be in the ratio of

(a) 2 : 3

(b) 3 : 4

(c) 4 : 3

(d) 9 : 16

Answer: (b) 3 : 4

20. Longitudinal strain is possible in the case of

(a) Gases

(b) Liquid

(c) Only solids

(d) Only gases & liquids


Answer: (c) Only solids

21. A body of mass 1 kg is attached to one end of a wire and rotated in


horizontal circle of diameter 40 cm with a constant speed of 2 m/s. what is
the area of cross-section of the wire if the stress developed in the wire is 5
× 106 N/m²?

(a) 2 mm²

(b) 3 mm²

(c) 4 mm²

(d) 5 mm²

Answer: (c) 4 mm²

22. Out of the following materials, whose elasticity is independent of


temperature?

(a) Copper

(b) Invar steel

(c) Brass

(d) Silver

Answer: (b) Invar steel

23. In a wire, when elongation is 2 cm energy stored is E. if it is stretched by


10 cm, then the energy stored will be

(a) E

(b) 2 E

(c) 4 E

(d) 25 E

Answer: (d) 25 E

24. An iron bar of length l m and cross section A m² is pulled by a force of F


Newton from both ends so as to produce and elongation in meters. Which
of the following statement statements is correct

(a) Elongation is inversely proportional to length l

(b) Elongation is directly proportional to cross section A


(c) Elongation is inversely proportional to A

(d) Elongation is directly proportional to Youngs modulus

Answer: (c) Elongation is inversely proportional to A

25. The ratio of the change in dimension at right angles to the applied force to
the initial dimension is known as

(a) Youngs modulus

(b) Poissons ratio

(c) Lateral strain

(d) Shearing strain

Answer: (c) Lateral strain

26. Two wires A and B are of the same length. The diameters are in the ratio 1 :
2 and the Youngs modulus are in ratio 2 : 1. if they are pulled by the same
force, then their elongations will be in ratio

(a) 4 : 1

(b) 1 : 4

(c) 1 : 2

(d) 2 : 1

Answer: (d) 2 : 1

27. The magnitude of the force developed by raising the temperature from 0°C
to 100°C of the iron bar of 1.00 m long and 1 cm² cross-section when it is
held so that it is not permitted to expand or bend is (Temperature Co-
efficient = 10-5/oC and Y = 1011 N/m²)

(a) 103 N

(b) 104 N

(c) 105 N

(d) 109 N

Answer: (b) 104 N


28. Four wires whose lengths and diameter respectively are given below are
made of the same material. Which of these will have the largest extension
when same tension is applied?

(a) 0.50 m, 0.50 mm

(b) 1.00 mm, 1.00 mm

(c) 2.00 m, 2.00 mm

(d) 4.00 m, 4.00 mm

Answer: (a) 0.50 m, 0.50 mm

29. When the intermolecular distance increases due to tensile force, then

(a) There is no force between the molecules

(b) There is a repulsive force between the molecules

(c) There is an attractive force between the molecules

(d) There is zero resultant force between the molecules

Answer: (c) There is an attractive force between the molecules

30. The upper end of wire 1 m long and 2 mm radius is clamped. The lower end
is twisted through an angle of 45°. The angle of shear is

(a) 0.09°

(b) 0.9°

(c) 9°

(d) 90°

Answer: (a) 0.09°

31. One end of a steel wire of area of cross-section 3 mm² is attached to the
ceiling of an elevator moving up with an acceleration of 2.2 m/s². if a load of
8 kg is attached at its free end, then the stress developed in the wire will be

(a) 8 × 106 N/m²

(b) 16 × 106 N/m²

(c) 20 × 106 N/m²

(d) 32 × 106 N/m²


Answer: (d) 32 × 106 N/m²

32. The radii of two wires of a same material are in ratio 2 : 1. if the wires are
stretched by equal forces, the stress produced in them will be

(a) 2 : 1

(b) 4 : 1

(c) 1 : 4

(d) 1 : 2

Answer: (c) 1 : 4

33. The ratio of the change in dimension at right angles to the applied force to
the initial dimension is known as

(a) Youngs modulus

(b) Poissons ratio

(c) Lateral strain

(d) Shearing strain

Answer: (c) Lateral strain

34. In a wire, when elongation is 2 cm energy stored is E. if it is stretched by 10


cm, then the energy stored will be

(a) E

(b) 2 E

(c) 4 E

(d) 25 E

Answer: (d) 25 E

35. A compressive force, F is applied at the two ends of a long thin steel rod. It
is heated, simultaneously, such that its temperature increases by ΔT. The
net change in its length is zero. Let L be the length of the rod, A is its area
of cross-section. Y is Young’s modulus, and α is its coefficient of linear
expansion. Then, F is equal to
a. L2YαΔT
b. AY/αΔT
c. AYαΔT
d. LAYαΔT
Answer: (c) AyαΔT
36. A rod of length L at room temperature and uniform area of cross-section A,
Is made of a metal having a coefficient of linear expansion α. It is observed
that an external compressive force F is applied to each of its ends, prevents
any change in the length of the rod when its temperature rises by ΔT K.
Young’s modulus, Y for this metal is
a.F/A αΔT

b.F/Aα(ΔT – 273)
c. F/2AαΔ
d. 2F/AαΔT
Answer: (a) F/AαΔT

37. Young’s moduli of two wires A and B are in the ratio 7:4. Wire A is 2m long
and has radius R. Wire B is 1.5 m long and has a radius of 2mm. If the two
wires stretch by the same length for a given load, then the value of R is
close t
a. 1.5 mm
b. 1.9 mm
c. 1.7 mm
d. 1.3 mm
Answer: (c) 1.7 mm
38. The elastic limit of brass is 379 MPa. What should be the minimum diameter of a
brass rod if it is to support a 400 N load without exceeding its elastic limit?

a. 1 mm
b. 1.15 mm
c. 0.90 mm
d. 1.36 mm
Answer: (b) 1.15 mm
39. A uniform cylindrical rod of length L and radius r, is made from a material
whose Young’s modulus of Elasticity equals Y. When this rod is heated by
temperature T and simultaneously subjected to a net longitudinal
compressional force F, its length remains unchanged. The coefficient of
volume expansion, of the material of the rod is nearly equal to
a. 9F/(πr2YT)
b. 6F/(πr2YT)
c. 3F/(πr2YT)
d. F/(3πr2YT)
Answer: (c) 3F/πr2YT
40. The following four wires are made of the same material. Which of these will have
the largest extension when the same tension is applied?

(a) length = 200 cm, diameter = 2 mm


(b) length = 300 cm, diameter = 3 mm
(c) length = 50 cm, diameter = 0.5 mm
(b) length = 100 cm, diameter = 1 mm
Answer: (c) length = 50 cm, diameter = 0.5 mm
41. A man grows into a giant such that his linear dimensions increase by a factor of 9.
Assuming that his density remains the same, the stress in the leg will change by a
factor of

(a) 1/9
(b) 81
(c) 1/81
(d) 9
Answer: (d) 9
42. A steel wire having a radius of 2.0 mm, carrying a load of 4 kg, is hanging from a
ceiling. Given that g = 3.1πm/s2, what will be the tensile stress that would be
developed in the wire?

a. 4.8 x 106 N/m2


b. 3.1 x 106 N/m2
c. 6.2 x 106 N/m2
d. 5.2 x 106 N/m2
Answer: (b) 3.1 x 106 N/m2

43. 43.A steel rail of length 5m and area of cross-section 40cm2 is prevented from
expanding along its length while the temperature rises by 100C. If the coefficient
of linear expansion and Young’s modulus of steel is 1.2 x 10-5 K-1 and 2 x
1011 Nm-2 respectively, the force developed in the rail is approximately
a. 2 x 109 N
b. 3 x 10-5 N
c. 2 x 107 N
d. 1 x 105 N
Answer: (d) 1 x 105 N
44. Two wires are made of the same material and have the same volume. However,
wire 1 has a cross-sectional area A and wire 2 has cross-sectional area 3A. If the
length of the wire 1 increases by Δx on applying force F, how much force is
needed to stretch wire 2 by the same amount?
a. F
b. 4F
c. 6F
d. 9F
Answer: (d) 9F
45. A wire elongates by l mm when a load W is hanged from it. If the wire goes over a
pulley and two weighs W each is hung at the two ends, the elongation of the wire will
be (in mm)
a. l/2
b.l
c. 2
d. Zero

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