Past Paper Qs-Topic 11 Air and Water

IGCSE Past paper Qs 1
TOPIC 11 Air and water

1 (Nov. 2004, P3, Q1)
(a) Two of the gases in air are nitrogen and oxygen. Name two other gases present in unpolluted
air.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ...............[ 2]
(b) Two common pollutants present in air are sulphur dioxide and lead compounds. State the
source and harmful effect of each.
sulphur dioxide
source……………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………
harmful effect……………………………………………………………………………….. [3]
lead compounds
source……………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………
harmful effect………………………………….…………………………………………….. [3]
(c) Respiration and photosynthesis are two of the processes that determine the percentage of
oxygen and of carbon dioxide in the air.
(i) Name another process that changes the percentages of these two gases in air.
…………………………………………………………………………….…………………[1]
(ii) The equation for photosynthesis is given below.
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
This is an endothermic reaction.
Complete the reaction for respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2  …………………. + ………………………
This is an ………………………….. reaction.
(d) The rate of photosynthesis of pond weed can be measured using the following
experiment.
(i) Describe how you could show that the gas collected in this experiment is oxygen.
……………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
(ii) What measurements are needed to calculate the rate of this reaction?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
(iii) What would be the effect, and why, of moving the apparatus further away from the light?
2 IGCSE Past paper Qs
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
2 (June 2002, Paper 3. Q3)

(b) One of the reasons for using hydrogen as a fuel is to reduce air pollution. Petroleum powered
vehicles are a major cause of air pollution. This pollution can be decreased by reactions of
the type shown below.
2CO + 2NO → N2 + 2CO2
(i) Where in a vehicle does this type of reaction occur?
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ........... [1]
(ii) Explain how carbon monoxide is formed in the engine.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............[2]
(iii) Give a reason why the hydrogen-powered vehicle produces less pollution.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............[1]
(c) Outline how hydrogen is manufactured from water.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

3 (June 2003,P3, Q4)
Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, is a dark brown gas. (综合)
(a) Most metal nitrates decompose when heated to form the metal oxide, nitrogen dioxide and
oxygen.
(i) Write a symbol equation for the decomposition of lead(II) nitrate.
Pb(NO3)2 → ............... ..... + . .................. ..... + ............................ [2]
(ii) Potassium nitrate does not form nitrogen dioxide on heating. Write the word equation for
its decomposition.
............................ ............................ ............................ ........................................[1]
(b) When nitrogen dioxide is cooled, it forms a yellow liquid and then pale yellow crystals. These
crystals are heated and the temperature is measured every minute. The following graph can
be drawn.
(i) Describe the arrangement and movement of the molecules in the region A–B.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................
(ii) Name the change that occurs in the region B–C
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............ [4]

(c) Nitrogen dioxide and other oxides of nitrogen are formed in car engines.
(i) Explain how these oxides are formed.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................

(ii) How are they removed from the exhaust gases?
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............ [4]

(d) Nitrogen dioxide, oxygen and water react to form dilute nitric acid. Describe how lead(II)
nitrate crystals could be prepared from dilute nitric acid and lead(II) oxide.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ..............[3]
8 (June, 2004, P6, Q2)

The four tubes show an investigation of rusting. Each one of these four tubes contains a nail and
the reagents indicated.
(a) Predict the order in which rust would appear.
First……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second………………………………………………………………………….……… [1]
(b) Explain your prediction.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
5 (Nov. 2001, P3, Q1)
4 IGCSE Past paper Qs
(a) The poisonous gas, carbon monoxide, is emitted by vehicle exhausts.

(i) How is this gas formed?
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ........... [2]

(ii) Explain how a catalytic converter reduces the emission of this gas.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

(iii) The following reaction is used to detect carbon monoxide.
CO + Pd2+ + H2O → CO2 + Pd + 2H+

orange black
What type of chemical reaction is the change Pd2+ to Pd? Give a reason for your answer.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

6 (Nov 2001, P3, Q2)
(a) (i) Describe how oxygen is separated from air.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............ [2]

(ii) Give one use of oxygen.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[1]

(b) When a green plant is exposed to bright light it photosynthesises and forms oxygen. The rate
at which oxygen is formed was measured at 25 °C. The intensity of the light is changed and the
new rate measured. The results of experiments of this type are shown on the graph below.
(i) Write a word equation for the reaction that produces oxygen.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[1]

(ii) Name the catalyst for photosynthesis.
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[1]

(iii) What can be deduced from this experiment about the relationship between photosynthesis
and light?
............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

(iv) The experiment was repeated at 30 °C. Predict the effect this would have on the rate of
reaction and sketch the new graph on the same axes. [2]
(v) Give another example of a reaction that is influenced by light. Describe one important
application of this reaction.
reaction ....................................................................................................................
application .................................................................................................................[3]

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IGCSE Past paper Qs 1

TOPIC 11 Air and water

2 (June 2002, Paper 3. Q3)

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ........... [1]

(ii) Explain how carbon monoxide is formed in the engine.

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............[2]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............[1]

(c) Outline how hydrogen is manufactured from water.

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................

(ii) Name the change that occurs in the region B–C

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............ [4]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............ [4]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ..............[3]

8 (June, 2004, P6, Q2)

(a) Predict the order in which rust would appear.

(a) The poisonous gas, carbon monoxide, is emitted by vehicle exhausts.

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ........... [2]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ................

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

CO + Pd2+ + H2O → CO2 + Pd + 2H+

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............ [2]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[1]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[1]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[1]

............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ .............[2]

application of this reaction.

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