Manual Nera Networks Evolution Metro Revize B

Technical Description
Evolution Series METRO

Multi Service Radio Link System, 6 - 38 GHz
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NGP\00327 Rev. B 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - METRO 1
The information in this documentation is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in
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The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the
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trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright Nera 2006. All rights reserved.

2 Evolution Series - METRO NGP\00327 Rev. B 23-06-2006
Document history

Revision Date Summary of changes
Rev A 16.01.2006 First Release
Rev B 23.06.2006 4.2.7 Environmental conditions updated.
11 GHz Output Power updated

Contents Page
1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................................7
1.1. FEATURES................................................................................................................................................9
1.2. NETWORK APPLICATIONS.................................................................................................................10
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION...............................................................................................................................13
2.1. INTERFACE UNIT (IFU) DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................13
2.2. OUTDOOR UNIT (ODU) DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................14
2.3. IFU UNIT DESCRIPTIONS....................................................................................................................14
2.3.1. Supervisory Unit .............................................................................................................................14
2.3.2. Radio Interface Unit RIU.............................................................................................................14
2.3.3. Line Interface Unit LIU...............................................................................................................14
2.3.4. Digital X-Connect Unit...................................................................................................................14
2.3.5. Wayside Unit ..................................................................................................................................15
2.3.6. Alarm and Control Unit ..................................................................................................................15
2.3.7. 64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit ............................................................................................................15
2.3.8. EOW Unit (Service channel) ..........................................................................................................15
2.3.9. Fan Unit ..........................................................................................................................................15
2.3.10. Power Supply Unit..........................................................................................................................15
3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS......................................................................................................................16
3.1. 1+0 SYSTEM...........................................................................................................................................16
3.2. 1+1 HSB / 1+1 FD SYSTEM...................................................................................................................17
3.3. 2+0 / 1+1 HSB DUAL BASEBAND SYSTEM......................................................................................17
3.4. SPACE DIVERSITY/DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM...............................................................................18
3.5. CO-CHANNEL DUAL POLARISED (CCDP) SYSTEM......................................................................18
3.6. ADM RING/CHAIN SYSTEM...............................................................................................................19
4. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTRICS.........................................................................................................20
4.1. FREQUENCY BANDS ...........................................................................................................................20
4.2. GENERAL EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................22
4.2.1. Equipment Reference Points...........................................................................................................22
4.2.2. ETSI Equipment Class....................................................................................................................22
4.2.3. Modes of operation.........................................................................................................................22
4.2.4. Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC).........................................................................22
4.2.5. Safety conditions.............................................................................................................................22
4.2.6. RoHS and WEEE compliance ........................................................................................................22
4.2.7. Equipment Type Approval..............................................................................................................23
4.2.8. Environmental conditions ...............................................................................................................23
4.3. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS..................................................................................................24
4.3.1. Installation ......................................................................................................................................24
4.3.2. Dimensions .....................................................................................................................................24
4.3.3. Weights ...........................................................................................................................................24
4.4. POWER SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION.............................................................................................25
4.5. SYSTEM RELIABILITY ........................................................................................................................25
4.5.1. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)...........................................................................................25
5. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................26
5.1. TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................................26
5.1.1. Nominal Output Power 155 Mbit/s.................................................................................................26
5.1.2. Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC) ........................................................................26
5.1.3. TX oscillator frequency tolerance...................................................................................................26
5.2. RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS.........................................................................................................27
5.2.1. Receiver Threshold 155 Mb/s.........................................................................................................27
5.2.2. Maximum input level ......................................................................................................................27
5.2.3. RX oscillator frequency tolerance...................................................................................................28
5.2.4. Noise Figure....................................................................................................................................28

5.3. INTERFERENCE SENSITIVITY........................................................................................................... 28
5.3.1. Co-channel interference sensitivity ................................................................................................ 28
5.3.2. Adjacent channel interference sensitivity ....................................................................................... 28
5.3.3. XPIC performance.......................................................................................................................... 28
5.4. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE.................................................................................................................... 29
5.4.1. System Gain.................................................................................................................................... 29
5.4.2. Equipment background BER (Residual BER) ................................................................................ 29
5.4.3. System Signature ............................................................................................................................ 29
5.5. DIPLEXER AND ANTENNA INTERFACE.......................................................................................... 30
5.5.1. General description......................................................................................................................... 30
5.5.2. RF-Coupler ..................................................................................................................................... 30
5.5.3. Interface to Antenna feeder system................................................................................................. 30
5.6. IFU-ODU INTERFACE .......................................................................................................................... 31
5.6.1. Cable interface characteristics ........................................................................................................ 31
5.6.2. Cable characteristics ....................................................................................................................... 31
5.7. RADIO PROTECTION SWITCHING (RPS) ......................................................................................... 32
5.7.1. Specification of the protection switching system ........................................................................... 32
5.7.2. Low Priority Traffic........................................................................................................................ 32
5.7.3. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Rx...................................................................... 32
5.7.4. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Tx ...................................................................... 32
6. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS............................................................................................................... 33
6.1. EMBEDDED SDH MULTIPLEXER FUNCTIONALITY..................................................................... 33
6.1.1. Line and Tributary Interfaces ......................................................................................................... 33
6.1.2. Mapping and multiplexing.............................................................................................................. 33
6.1.3. Sub Network Connection Protection .............................................................................................. 34
6.2. SECTION TERMINATION.................................................................................................................... 34
6.3. SCRAMBLING / DESCRAMBLING FUNCTIONS.............................................................................. 34
6.4. SECTION/TRANSPORT OVERHEAD (SOH/TOH) ............................................................................. 35
6.4.1. SOH/TOH Frameword and bytes ................................................................................................... 35
6.5. SYNCHRONISATION............................................................................................................................ 36
6.5.1. Synchronisation status messaging .................................................................................................. 36
6.5.2. 2.048 MHz synchronisation input/output characteristics................................................................ 36
6.6. ETHERNET FUNCTIONALITY............................................................................................................ 37
6.6.1. General ........................................................................................................................................... 37
6.6.2. Ethernet over SDH Mapping .......................................................................................................... 37
6.6.3. VCAT and LCAS support .............................................................................................................. 37
6.6.4. QoS handling. ................................................................................................................................. 37
6.6.5. Link-Loss Failure pass through on the Ethernet port...................................................................... 38
6.7. TRANSMISSION INTERFACES - TDM............................................................................................... 39
6.7.1. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s electrical ................................................................................ 39
6.7.2. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Intermediate Reach.................................................. 39
6.7.3. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1300nm................................................ 39
6.7.4. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1500nm................................................ 39
6.7.5. Interface characteristics 1.5 Mbit/s ................................................................................................. 40
6.7.6. Interface characteristics 2 Mbit/s.................................................................................................... 40
6.7.7. Interface characteristics 34 Mbit/s.................................................................................................. 40
6.7.8. Interface characteristics 45 Mbit/s.................................................................................................. 40
6.8. TRANSMISSION INTERFACES - ETHERNET ................................................................................... 41
6.8.1. Transmission interface characteristics 10/100 BASE-TX: .......................................................... 41
6.8.2. Transmission interface characteristics 1000 BASE-T: ................................................................ 41
6.8.3. Transmission interface characteristics 1000 BASE-LX .............................................................. 41
6.8.4. Transmission interface characteristics 1000 BASE-SX............................................................... 41
6.9. WAYSIDE TRAFFIC AND AUXILIARY INTERFACES .................................................................... 42
6.9.1. Wayside channel characteristics ..................................................................................................... 42
6.9.2. 64 kbit/s channel characteristics ..................................................................................................... 42
6.9.3. Service telephone/Orderwire interfaces.......................................................................................... 42
6.9.4. Alarm and Control Unit .................................................................................................................. 43

7. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................44
7.1. GENERAL...............................................................................................................................................44
7.1.1. Event logging..................................................................................................................................44
7.1.2. Monitoring of system performance.................................................................................................44
7.1.3. Security management......................................................................................................................45
7.2. ECC (EMBEDDED COMMUNICATION CHANNEL).........................................................................45
7.2.1. IP Routing.......................................................................................................................................45
7.2.2. Embedded SNMP agent ..................................................................................................................46
7.3. INTERFACES TO THE SUPERVISION SYSTEM...............................................................................46
7.3.1. General............................................................................................................................................46
7.3.2. LEDs ...............................................................................................................................................46
8. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................47
9. TERMINOLOGY.............................................................................................................................................49
APPENDIX 1 ODU/Diplexer sub-band range .....................................................................................................51

List of Figures Page
Figure 2-1 IFU, 1+0 system....................................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 2-2 ODU, 1+0 System..................................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 3-1 System Block Diagram 1+0 Terminal ...................................................................................................... 16
Figure 3-2 System Block Diagram 1+1 HSB/FD Terminal ....................................................................................... 17
Figure 3-3 System Block Diagram 2+0 Terminal ...................................................................................................... 17
Figure 3-4 System Block Diagram Space Diversity Terminal ................................................................................... 18
Figure 3-5 System Block Diagram CCDP Terminal .................................................................................................. 18
Figure 3-6 System Block Diagram ADM Traffic Node ............................................................................................. 19
Figure 4-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system.............................................................................................. 22
Figure 6-1 SDH Mapping and Multiplexing .............................................................................................................. 33
Figure 6-2 SONET Mapping and Multiplexing ......................................................................................................... 33

List of Tables Page
Table 4-1 Frequency bands ETSI ................................................................................................................................ 21
Table 4-2 Frequency bands ANSI ............................................................................................................................... 21
Table 4-3 ETSI Equipment Class................................................................................................................................ 22
Table 4-4 Power consumption terminal ...................................................................................................................... 25
Table 4-5 Maximum power consumption units........................................................................................................... 25
Table 5-1 Nominal output power, 155 Mbit/s ............................................................................................................. 26
Table 5-2 Receiver threshold, 155 Mb/s in ~56 MHz channel.................................................................................... 27
Table 5-3 Receiver threshold, 155 Mb/s in 40 MHz channel ...................................................................................... 27
Table 5-4 Receiver threshold, 155 Mb/s in ~28 MHz channel.................................................................................... 27
Table 5-5 Maximum input signal level ....................................................................................................................... 27
Table 5-6 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity........................................................................................................... 28
Table 5-7 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity.................................................................................................. 28
Table 5-8 System gain, 155 Mbit/s vs. channel bandwidth......................................................................................... 29
Table 5-9 Typical signature values 155 Mb/s ............................................................................................................. 29
Table 5-10 RF-Coupler loss ........................................................................................................................................ 30
Table 5-11 ODU waveguide flange type..................................................................................................................... 30
Table 5-12 Cable lengths, IFU-ODU cable................................................................................................................. 31
Table 6-1 Utilisation of SOH bytes ............................................................................................................................. 35
Table 6-2 Synchronisation quality levels .................................................................................................................... 36
Table 7-1 Performance Calculations ........................................................................................................................... 45
Table 7-2 LED status indications ................................................................................................................................ 46

1. INTRODUCTION
The Nera Evolution Series microwave radio dramatically changes the operations for wireless transmission
network owners. With a common platform architecture, which is fully software configurable;
transmission capacity, system configurations and transmission protocols can be changed to adapt to future
needs. Evolution Series dramatically reduces the cost of ownership. With significantly reduced number of
parts and high MTBF Evolution Series ensures maximum uptime and low maintenance.

The Evolution Series microwave radio is designed to transmit data rates from about 6 Mb/s to 600Mb/s,
in the frequency bands from 5 GHz to 38 GHz. The configuration of capacity and modulation is software
configurable, giving an optimal balance between system gain and spectral efficiency.

Network operators can easily future proof the network as the microwave radio can easily adapt to the
evolution of the transmission network. Growing traffic and the convergence of network technologies
causes changing requirements, such as capacity upgrades, change of transmission systems between PDH,
SDH/SONET and pure Ethernet; all this is simply implemented by software configuration change and
change of interface modules. The available interfaces range from E1, T1, E3, DS3 STM-1/OC-3, STM-
4/OC12 to 10/100BASE-TX and Gigabit Ethernet.

The Evolution Series product can be configured to work in three different modes. Payload capacity is also
configurable and is selected by SW licences. Changes and upgrades can be done by the user without HW
changes to the basic platform.

The METRO variant
155 Mb/s, 311Mb/s and 622 Mb/s transmission capacity
Configurations up to 3+1/4+0
CCDP configuration with XPIC
28, 40 and 56 MHz BW
Options for embedded ADM mux / X-connect
TDM traffic : 63xE1, 3xE3/DS3, 64xT1
Advanced Ethernet : 4xFE and 1xGbE with QoS, nxVC12(VT1.5), VC-3(STS-1) or VC-4(STS-
3-3c) mapping
Traffic Node with 4 radio directions, SNCP with Ring, Chain, Star or Mesh topology

The IP variant
1xFE, 4xFE or 1xGbE
Scalable 100, 150, 300 & 600 Mb/s transmission capacity
28, 40 and 56 MHz BW
CCDP configuration with XPIC

The XPAND variant (ETSI)
Scalable 8, 16, 32, 40, 80, 100, 160 Mb/s transmission capacity
7, 14 and 28 MHz BW
Scalable TDM/Ethernet mix (step of 2Mb/s)
4, 8, 16, 20, 40, 50, 75 E1 capacity
Ethernet 1xFE, scalable with 2 Mbit/s granularity
Ring protection for E1s, based on SNCP

The XPAND variant (ANSI)
Scalable 6, 12, 24, 48, 100 Mb/s transmission capacity
5, 10, 20 and 30 MHz BW
Scalable TDM/Ethernet mix (step of 1,5Mb/s)
4, 8, 16, 32, 64 T1 capacity
Ethernet 1xFE, 1.5 Mbit/s granularity
Ring protection for T1s, based on SNCP

The Evolution Series is an integrated part of Neras wide product portfolio, from the leading microwave
specialist. The product portfolio covers products for all type of professional wireless carrier systems.
Neras microwave experience dates back more than 50 years, with a leading position in this field. The
Evolution Series radio is integrated in Neras new EM/NMS system, NetMaster.

This document contains specifications for Evolution Series METRO.

1.1. Features
The Evolution Series microwave radio utilises the latest advanced technology, a high degree of RF circuit
integration, using Microwave Integrated Monolithic Circuits (MIMC), combined with advanced direct RF
modulation, enabling a broadband, revolutionary compact design for a high power microwave module.
The patented technology enables a revolutionary low power consumption and high reliability due to fewer
parts in the radio module.

The modem contains multidimensional coded modulation, combined with a powerful block code. The
resulting two-stage error correction improves system margin over traditional single FEC systems such as
QAM, TCM or MLCM. The modem is extremely flexible, enabling an optimum configuration for all
capacities and channel plans.

The ODU Unit consists of a XVCR and a Diplexer Unit. The ODU is frequency and capacity agile. The
tuning range is very wide and most frequency bands can be covered by four variants for the whole band.
The frequency setting is easy and is performed locally or remotely by the LCT function.

The ODU can for most frequency bands be mounted directly on the antenna, both in unprotected and
protected configurations. The ODU can also be mounted on the antenna pole, using a short flexible
waveguide to the antenna.

The InterFace Unit (IFU) is an extremely modular system, catering for the various system configurations
and traffic interfaces by plug-in modules. The IFU can easily be expanded from a single channel system
up to a traffic node handling up to 8 ODUs. The IFU contains the user interfaces, baseband processing
and multiplexing, management and radio interface.

The demodulator contains an integrated digital interference canceller, which can be used to provide the
XPIC function, enabling two carriers to be transmitted over the same frequency, using dual polarised
antennas.

The optional embedded ADM/DXC function provides multiplexing for user traffic into the STM-1/OC-3
signal. In traffic node systems, the digital cross connect (DXC) routes the user traffic between the various
link directions without the need for cabling or external multiplexers. Chain, ring, star and mesh topologies
are supported, with individual choice of unprotected or protected (SNCP) traffic circuits. The multiplexer
supports a mix of traffic types, such as E1, T1, E3, DS3 and Ethernet.

The equipment configuration, licences and the operating software version can be stored on the memory
key available for plug-in at the front of the equipment or downloaded to a computer. When a new
Supervisory Unit is inserted, the equipment configuration can then easily be restored to the radio
equipment.

1.2. Network Applications
The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideally suited for a wide range of applications. Due to the
flexibility in configurations, the choice of traffic interfaces and the capacity scalability, it can easily adapt
to the specific requirements of a given network application. The flexibility and ease- of upgrade, future
proof the investment, as the equipment can grow with the increasing traffic demand as well as easily
adapt to other transmission technologies.

Mobile (BTS) Backhaul
- The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideal for demanding and critical application such as
backhaul of BTS traffic. Where loss of traffic directly results in loss of revenue, reliability and
maximum uptime are critical parameters for the network operator. The Evolution Series reliable and
flexible architecture as well as high system gain, ensures increased availability of the offered services,
and a secured revenue stream. The optional embedded ADM multiplexer and cross-connect enables
routing of traffic without the need for external cabling. Further, the traffic circuits can be individually
protected via ring or mesh topologies, and various traffic types can be mixed, sharing the
transmission capacity of the radio. The radio can be configured for a wide range of capacities,
ensuring an optimal utilization of the available spectrum as well as capabilities for upgrading when
traffic demand increases or new services are introduced.
- With the introduction of new mobile technologies (3G), as an overlay network or a Greenfield
installation, the aggregate capacity demand typically raise above 16xE/T1. High density PDH and/or
SDH radios are needed, and a common platform system, represent large savings in the network
operation, compared to more traditional network designs.

155 Nbfs radio ring
Evolution !FU with embedded
ADNfDXC

SNCP protetion
20 - 80 Nbfs radio chain
Evolution !FU with embedded
DXC

PDH radio spur link
Core Transport Network
SDHfSONET Radio or Optical

LMDS/FWA Backhaul
- LMDS/FWA backhaul. The Evolution Series radio is well suited for backhaul of traffic from Point-to-
MultiPoint radio access systems like WiMax. With a selectable capacity, ranging from about 20 Mb/s
to 600Mb/s, the Evolution Series radio can easily be deployed in small network as well as in larger
constellations and networks with several sites linked together. The choice of pure Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet, 155Mb/s SDH/SONET, or a combination of TDM (E1/T1/E3/DS3) with Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet, makes the Evolution Series suitable for any FWA network installation.
- DSLAM backhaul. The introduction of xDSL services can in some cases uncover a new challenge.
The local transmission network may only be dimensioned for the POTS traffic and is not suited for
high speed data. Upgrading the local network to fibre might not be feasible due to time and/or cost of
such upgrade. The Evolution Series microwave radio offers an easy and flexible solution to this
challenge. The Evolution Series microwave radio can offer backhaul of the DSLAM to the optical
backbone network, whether the network interfaces are PDH, ATM/SDH/SONET or Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet. With the Evolution Series radio, the various traffic types are catered for merely by change
of interface modules.

Evolution Series
Nicrowave Radio
Nulti-Service Backhaul solutions
xDSL subscribers
DSLAN
Corporate
Networks
Residantial and
!nstitutional
subscribers
FWAfLNDS
Network
PoP
Triple Play
Services

Private Networks Operators
- Corporate/Campus Networks. The Evolution Series radio is a good alternative to more common
unlicensed microwave solutions. With higher capacity, choice of pure Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet,
155Mb/s SDH/SONET, or a combination of TDM (E1/T1/E3/DS3) with Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet,
makes the Evolution Series suitable for most private networks, whether they are carrying legacy
services or data only. Flexibility and simplicity, combined with a predictable reliability, proves for
many network owners to be an unbeatable combination.

Evolution Series
Nicrowave Radio
Nulti-Service enterprise solutions
Campus
Network
Private
Network
Schools
Hospitals
Nunicipal buldings
Factory

Central
adminstration

2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The Evolution Series microwave radio system comprises an indoor part (IFU), and an outdoor part
(ODU) and an antenna. The IFU and ODU is interconnected with coaxial cable which carries transmit and
receive user traffic, management communication between the IFU and ODU, and the power supply to the
ODU.
2.1. Interface Unit (IFU) description
The Evolution Series IFU is a 1RU high modular unit, containing 9 plug-in slots for various modules. The
modular architecture with plug-in slots enables a high degree of flexibility, ease of upgrading/changing
configurations and easy maintenance.

Figure 2-1 IFU, 1+0 system
The basic IFU frame is common in all configurations and up to four basic IFU frames can be stacked
together by a rear mounted IFU connection panel.

- The lower left position contains the Supervisory Unit. The Supervisory Unit is handling the
configuration of all system units as well as reporting system status to the EM/NMS system.
- The rightmost position houses the FAN Unit, handling the ventilation and temperature management
of the IFU frame.
- The Line Interface slots houses the various user traffic interfaces and optional DXC Unit. The PDH
and Ethernet traffic interfaces are full height and covers the upper Aux/Serv. position as well.
- The two Radio Interface slots houses the RIU Unit(s) or Power Supply Unit. The RIU provides
connection to the ODU and includes power supply to the unit and the ODU.
- The upper Aux/Serv. slots houses any Auxiliary or Service Channel units, such as Alarm and Control
Unit, Wayside Unit, 64 kb Data Channels Unit and EOW Unit.
All units can be replaced in the field. Non traffic carrying units can be replaced without interrupting the
service. See paragraph 2.3 for further description of the various plug-in units.

2.2. OutDoor Unit (ODU) description
The ODU hardware is capacity and modulation independent. It consists of a XCVR and a Diplexer. The
XCVR is tuneable over the whole frequency band, both high and low part. The diplexer determines the
sub-band coverage. The ODU is normally mounted directly to the antenna for all configurations. In HSB
and 1+1/2+0 configurations an RF-Coupler is used when connecting the ODU to the antenna interface.

An optional pole mount kit is also available.

Figure 2-2 ODU, 1+0 System
2.3. IFU Unit Descriptions
2.3.1. Supervisory Unit
The Supervisory Unit is handling the configuration of all the system units as well as reporting system
status to the EM/NMS system. It has two 10/100 BASE-TX Ethernet ports and two USB ports; one host
port and one device port.
The Ethernet ports are connected to an internal switch and can both be used for connection to the
EM/NMS system and/or for connecting terminals together in an Ethernet LAN. One of the Ethernet ports
(LAN2) can be used for wayside traffic. The Ethernet traffic is then mapped in the wayside traffic
capacity.
The USB host port serve as the LCT port. The USB ports can also be used to connect IFUs together, and
the host port can be used as interface for storage devices for SW backup and download.
2.3.2. Radio Interface Unit RIU
The RIU contains the interface for connecting the IFU to one ODU with a single coaxial cable. It also
contains the connector for power supply to IFU and ODU.
2.3.3. Line Interface Unit LIU
The LIU contains the interface for connecting the user traffic to the IFU. The LIU is available for a wide
range of traffic types, ranging from E1, T1, STM-1/OC-3 to STM-4/OC-12 and Ethernet traffic interface
unit.
2.3.4. Digital X-Connect Unit
The optional DXC Unit handles the SDH/SONET x-connect and SNCP function as well as the SETS
function. The multiplex structure is selectable between SDH and SONET. The SETS function handles
node synchronisation and selection of synchronisation sources.

2.3.5. Wayside Unit
The Wayside Unit supports two wayside channels, selectable to either E1 or T1 traffic. One RF-channel
can carry one wayside channel.
2.3.6. Alarm and Control Unit
The unit provides interfaces for collection of external alarms or analogue values, and relays for external
alarm and control outputs.
Eight alarm inputs
Four relay outputs
Seven analogue inputs
2.3.7. 64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit
The unit contains four 64kbit/s channel interfaces. Two with co-directional interface, one with contra-
directional interface and one V.11 interface (without byte timing). The channels are used for user traffic
and can be routed towards line or radio.
2.3.8. EOW Unit (Service channel)
The EOW Unit provides a party line service channel for voice communication to other terminals in the
network. It provides the following functions:
Selective call with two digit telephone number.
Collective call by pressing *-button.
Built-in bridge for east/west connections.
4-wire analogue interfaces for connection to other service channel equipment.
One 4-wire Interface with level adjustment
Two Other Equipment (OE1 and OE2 ) interfaces
The two OE interfaces can be configured for Daisy-chain operation
The pinning configuration is adapted to standard Ethernet CAT-5 cable; this enables use of standard
cables.

The IFU can be equipped with two service telephone plug-in units unit. A standard telephone handset
connects to the unit.
2.3.9. Fan Unit
The Fan Unit handles temperature management of the IFU and consists of three fans. An alarm is
generated if one of the fans should fail. The Fan Unit is field replaceable without interrupting the service.
2.3.10. Power Supply Unit
This unit is used if the IFU is not equipped with RIU or for duplicated power supply in a 1+0
configuration.

3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS

Evolution Series METRO is available in the following configurations:
1+0 (Unprotected)
1+1 Hot Standby
1+1 Hot Standby Dual Baseband
1+1 Hot Standby Dual antenna/Space Diversity
1+1 Frequency Diversity
1+1 Frequency Diversity Space Diversity
1+1 Frequency Diversity Dual Polarised
2+0 Dual frequency Single Polarisation (DF-SP)
2+0 Single frequency Dual Polarisation (SF-DP/CCDP)
3.1. 1+0 system
The 1+0 configuration consists of an IFU basic frame, a Line Interface Unit, a Radio Interface Unit, a
single coaxial cable to the ODU and an ODU mounted directly on the antenna or near the antenna. When
the ODU is not mounted directly on the antenna, a short flexible waveguide is used to connect the ODU
to the antenna port.

Figure 3-1 System Block Diagram 1+0 Terminal
Legend
ALM External alarm input/output
AUX Auxiliary functions
EMF Embedded Management Functions
EOW Engineering Order Wire
LAN Local Area Network port (10/100BASE-TX Ethernet)
LIU Line Interface Unit
RIU Radio Interface Unit
PWR Power Supply
SERV Service functions
SU Supervisory Unit
USB Universal Serial Bus
XCVR Transmitter/Receiver

3.2. 1+1 HSB / 1+1 FD system
The 1+1 HSB or 1+1 Frequency Diversity configuration, consist of an IFU basic frame, a Line Interface
Unit, two Radio Interface Units, two coaxial cables to the ODUs and two ODUs mounted on an RF-
Coupler Unit. The RF-Coupler can be asymmetrical or symmetrical, and the RF-Coupler/ODU assembly
can be mounted directly on the antenna or near the antenna. When the RF-Coupler is not directly
mounted, a short flexible waveguide is used to connect the RF-Coupler to the antenna port.

Figure 3-2 System Block Diagram 1+1 HSB/FD Terminal

3.3. 2+0 / 1+1 HSB Dual Baseband system
A 2+0 system or 1+1 HSB Dual Baseband is identical to the 1+1 HSB or 1+1 Frequency Diversity
configuration except for the use of two Interface units. The two LIUs provide interface protection in HSB
configuration.

Figure 3-3 System Block Diagram 2+0 Terminal

3.4. Space Diversity/Dual Antenna system
The 1+1 HSB or 1+1 Frequency Diversity configuration can be configured for Space Diversity or Dual
Antenna. This configuration uses two antennas, and the two ODUs are mounted one on each antenna
without using an RF-Coupler. The use of Space Diversity/Dual Antenna reduces the RF loss and provides
path diversity, which can improve system performance (subject to frequency band and path type and
length).

Figure 3-4 System Block Diagram Space Diversity Terminal

3.5. Co-channel Dual Polarised (CCDP) system
In two channel systems the two ODUs can be arranged with dual polarisation (Horizontal and Vertical),
utilising a single RF frequency. The RIU contains a XPIC function in this configuration, and the XPIC
will handle the interference between the two received signals. See also paragraph 5.3.3 for further
description of the XPIC function.

Figure 3-5 System Block Diagram CCDP Terminal

3.6. ADM Ring/Chain system
The equipment can be configured for a wide range of network configurations including terminal and
traffic node with two, three or four antenna directions with Add/Drop and digital x-connect of traffic
between the directions. The user interfaces (LIUs) can be a mix between E1/T1, E3/DS3, Ethernet and
STM-1/OC-3.

Figure 3-6 System Block Diagram ADM Traffic Node

4. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTRICS
4.1. Frequency bands
The Evolution Series METRO is available in ITU-R, CEPT, FCC and national frequency bands
according to the following tables. Details about ODU tuning range is found in Appendix 1.

Frequency
Band
Frequency
[GHz]
Channel Plan
Duplex
spacing
[MHz]
STM-1/OC-3
BW [MHz]
L6 GHz 5.9-6.4
ITU-R F. 383-7
CEPT 14-01E
252.04 29.65
U6 GHz 6.4-7.1
ITU-R F.384-8
CEPT 14-02 E
340 40
U6 GHz 6.4-7.1
ITU-R F.384-8
340 30
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ITU-R F.385-7 Annex 3
196
28
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 CEPT 02-06 Annex 1
154
28
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec. 1-4
161
28
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ACA Rali FX3
270
30
7 GHz 7.2-7.5 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec. 1-4
161
28
7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 3
168
28
7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 1,4
154
28
7 GHz 7.4-7.7
ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 1, 1
CEPT 02-06 Annex 1
154 28
7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec 1-4 161 28
7 GHz 7.4-7.9 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 4 245 28
7 GHz 7.1-7.7 Korea
300
30
8 GHz 7.7-8.3 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 1 311.32 29.65
8 GHz 7.7-8.3 7.7-8.3 GHz, 40 MHz CS 310 40
8 GHz 7.9-8.4 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 4 266 28
8 GHz 7.9-8.5 CEPT 02-06 310 28
11 GHz 10.7-11.7 ITU-R F. 387-9 Rec. 1 530 40/30
11 GHz 10.7-11.7
ITU-R F. 387-9 Annex 1
CEPT 12-06 Rec. 1
530 40
11 GHz 10.7-11.7
ITU-R F. 387-9 Annex 2
CEPT 12-06 Rec. 3
490 40
13 GHz 12.7-13.3
ITU-R F. 497-6
CEPT 12 02F
266 28
15 GHz 14.4-15.35 ITU-R F.636-3 490 28
15 GHz 14.5-15.35 ITU-R F.636-3 420 28
15 GHz 14.6-15.2 CFT Mexico 315 28
15 GHz 14.5-15.35 CEPT 12-07E 728 28
15 GHz 14.5-15.35 ACA RALI FX3 644 28
18 GHz 17.7-19.7
ITU-R F.595-8
CEPT 12-03E
1010 55/27.5

Frequency
Band
Frequency
[GHz]
Channel Plan
Duplex
spacing
[MHz]
STM-1/OC-3
BW [MHz]
18 GHz 17.7-19.7
ITU-R F.595-8
Norma No 15/96
1560 55/27.5
18 GHz 17.7-19.7 China 1092.5 27.5
18 GHz 17.7-19.7 China 1120 55
23 GHz 21.2-23.6
ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 3
CEPT 13-02E
1008 56/28
23 GHz 22.0-23.6 RA 352 1008 56
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 4 1200 50
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 1 1232 56/28
26 GHz 24.25-26.5
CEPT 13-02E
1008 56/28
32 GHz 31.8-33.4
ITU-R F.1520-2
CEPT (01)02
812 56/28
38 GHz 37.0-39.5
CEPT 12-01E
1260 56/28
38 GHz 38.6-40.0 ITU-R F.749-2 Annex 3, 1 700 50
Table 4-1 Frequency bands ETSI
Freq. Band
Frequency
[GHz]
Channel Plan
Duplex
spacing
[MHz]
STM-1/OC-3
BW [MHz]
L6 GHz 5.9 - 6.4
CFR47 101.147 Table (i-8)
SRSP 305.9
252.04 29.65
U6 GHz 6.4 - 7.1 SRSP 306.4* 100/340 30
7 GHz 7.1 - 7.4 SRSP 307.1 175 30
7 GHz 7.4 - 7.7 SRSP 307.1 150 30
8 GHz 7.7 - 8.3 SRSP 307.7 300 30
11 GHz 10.7 - 11.7
CFR47 101.147 Table o-6, o-7
SRSP 310.7
490 30/40
18 GHz 18.7-19.7 CFR47 101.147 Table r-6, r-7 1560 40/55
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 CFR47 101.147 Table s-5,6,7 1200 30/40/50
38 GHz 38.6-40.0 CFR47 101.147 Table v-1 700 50

Table 4-2 Frequency bands ANSI

4.2. General Equipment Specifications
4.2.1. Equipment Reference Points
A principle block diagram for a digital radio relay system, including the main blocks, is shown in Figure
1-1. The block diagram includes marked interface points, which serve as reference points for several
technical parameters used in this document.

* The RF-Coupler is used in HSB and 1+1/2+0 single polarised configurations
Figure 4-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system
4.2.2. ETSI Equipment Class
The equipment is compliant to the relevant specifications in EN 302 217 for the following classes.

Frequency band BW Modulation Class
6-38 GHz ~30MHz 128 state
5A (ACAP)
5B (ACCP/CCDP)
U6, 11, 18 GHz 40 MHz 64 state 5B
18-38 GHz 56 MHz 32 state 4
Table 4-3 ETSI Equipment Class
4.2.3. Modes of operation
The system can be operated in Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarization (ACAP) mode, Adjacent Channel
Co-Polarization (ACCP) mode, and Co-Channel Dual Polarized (CCDP) mode.
4.2.4. Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC)
ETSI: The equipment conforms to the EMC standard as specified in EN 301 489 part 1 and 4.
FCC: The equipment conforms to FCC Part 15 subpart B class A.
4.2.5. Safety conditions
The equipment conforms to EN 60215, EN 60950 and UL/CSA 60950. The optical interfaces conform to
EN 60825-1 and EN 60825-2.
4.2.6. RoHS and WEEE compliance
The equipment is compliant to EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) and EU Directive 2002/96/EC (WEEE)

4.2.7. Equipment Type Approval
The equipment is type approved and labelled according to EU Directive 1999/5/EC.
The CE marking is located on both IFU and ODU.
4.2.8. Environmental conditions
The equipment conforms to the environmental classes defined in ETS-300-019:

Transportation: ETSI-EN-300-019-1-2, class 2.3, public transportation.
(temperature range: -40
C to +70
C).
Storage: ETSI-EN-300-019-1-1, class 1.2, weather protected,
not temperature-controlled storage locations.
(temperature range: -40
C to +70
C).
Use: Indoor mounted units: Temperature range: -5
C to +50
C.
According to ETSI-EN-300-019-1-3, class 3.2, partly temperature-
controlled locations.
For temperatures between +45
C and +50
C the relative humidity

must be between 5% and 40%.
Outdoor mounted units: Standard temperature range: -33
C to +50
C.
According to ETSI-EN-300-019-1-4, class 4.1, non weather
protected locations.

For temperatures below 0
C the equipment must be switched on

for at least 10 minutes in order to operate according to the
specifications.

4.3. Mechanical Characteristics
4.3.1. Installation
The equipment is very easy and quick to install. It is designed for stationary use in split mount
installations. IFU and ODU are interconnected with coaxial cable. One cable for each ODU is used. (i.e.
Two cables needed for HSB, 1+1 FD and 2+0 systems).
The IFU can be installed as a stand-alone unit, or it can be mounted in a standard 19 rack.(Ref. IEC 297-
2 and IEC 297-3) or in an ETSI standard cabinet (Ref. ETSI EN 300 119).
The ODU
1
may be mounted directly to the antenna for antenna sizes up to and including 1.8 m.
Alternatively the ODU can be supplied with a mount for a vertical column (=60-115).
4.3.2. Dimensions
IFU
2
1+0/1+1/HSB: 444 mm (W) x 225 mm (D) x 44 mm (H), 17.5 x 8.9 x 1.73
ODU 1+0 6 - 11 GHz: 227 mm (W) x 140 mm (D) x 240 mm (H), 8.9 x 5.5 x 9.4
ODU 1+0 13 - 38 GHz: 206 mm (W) x 132 mm (D) x 210 mm (H), 8.1 x 5.2 x 8.4
RF Coupler 6 - 11 GHz
3
: 232 mm (W) x 102 mm (D)

x 415 mm (H), 9.1 x 4.0 x 16.3
13 - 38 GHz: 220 mm (W) x 106 mm (D) x 374 mm (H), 8.7 x 4.2 x 14.7
4.3.3. Weights
IFU: 2.5 kg / 5.5 lbs
ODU 6 - 11 GHz: 8.0 kg / 17.7 lbs
ODU 13 - 38 GHz: 6.5 kg / 14.3 lbs
RF Coupler: 5 kg / 11 lbs

1
The ODUs in 6 GHz are pole mounted
2
The width and depth of the unit are exclusive flanges (mounting brackets) and table studs for free-standing mounting. Special
brackets for mounting into different cabinets are available
3
The 6 GHz RF-coupler has a shorter antenna insert

4.4. Power supply and consumption
The equipment operates from a battery supply between -40.5 volt and -57 volt, nominally -48 volt DC
according to EN 300 132-2. The primary DC-power is supplied to the indoor unit through a filtering
function that includes input filter to attenuate the common mode noise.
The power to the outdoor unit is supplied from the indoor unit via the IFU-ODU coaxial cable.
L6-11 GHz 13-38 GHz Terminal without interface
Average Maximum Average Maximum
1+0 Terminal 65 W 71 W 52 W 58 W
HSB/1+1/2+0 Terminal 117 W 128 W 91 W 102 W
Table 4-4 Power consumption terminal
Unit
ODU L6-11 GHz 48 W
ODU 13-38 GHz 35 W
Basic IFU, incl. SU and fans 13.5 W
Radio Interface Unit 9.3 W
Line Interface Unit, electrical, S-1.1 optical 2.3 W
Line Interface unit, L-1.1, L-1.2 optical 4 W
Auxiliary Units, 64 kb, Wayside and Alarm Unit 2 W
Service channel Unit 2.5 W
3xE3/DS3 Interface Unit 3 W
25xE1and 16xT1 Interface Unit 4 W
Gigabit Ethernet Unit 10 W
DXC Unit 5.5 W
Table 4-5 Maximum power consumption units
4.5. System Reliability
4.5.1. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
The MTBF figures are predicted and calculated according to methods in MIL-HDBK-217E including
adjustment for experienced field data.
MTBF for 1+0 Terminal with electrical 155 Mb/s interface: 30 Years

Unit name: MTBF,
25 C ambient temp:
[ [[ [Hours] ]] ]
Transceiver Unit (ODU) 400 000
Basic IFU incl. one RIU 1 000 000
RIU 3 200 000
Supervisory Unit 3 200 000
Interface units 1 600 000-5 000 000
DXC 5 000 000

5. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS
5.1. Transmitter Characteristics
5.1.1. Nominal Output Power 155 Mbit/s
Typical values measured with modulation (PRBS-data). Ref. Point C.
The tolerance is 1.5 dB for 6-11 GHz and 2 dB for 13-38 GHz
For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 5.5.2

Frequency band: [GHz] L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38
~28 MHz channel [dB] +25 +25 +24 +24 +23 +18 +17 +17 +16.5 +16 +15.5
40 MHz channel [dB] - +25 - - +23 - +17 - - - -
~56 MHz channel [dB] - - - - - - +18 +18 +17.5 +17 +16.5
Table 5-1 Nominal output power, 155 Mbit/s
5.1.2. Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC)
ATPC is an optional feature, which is aimed to drive the TX power amplifier output level from a proper
minimum, which is calculated to facilitate the radio network planning and is used in the case of normal
propagation, up to a maximum value, which is given in Chapter 5.1.1. When ATPC is disabled (i.e.
MTPC mode), the output power can be set by the user.

ATPC-figures:
Transmitter power output regulation speed > 50 dB/s
ATPC-range 20 dB

Nominal input level is adjustable by the user.
Adjustment range: -30 dBm to -60 dBm

In Hot Standby configuration it is recommended to use simultaneous switching of Tx and Rx side within
a terminal, when ATPC is enabled.

MTPC figures:
MTPC range: 15 dB
1

Step size: 0.1 dB
Accuracy: See output power tolerance in Chapter 5.1.1

5.1.3. TX oscillator frequency tolerance
Frequency tolerance: 10 ppm
This limit includes both short-term factors (environmental effects) and long-term ageing effects.

1
For compliance to optional ETSI mask requirement of -60 dBc in 3-8 GHz the MTPC range is 10 dB.

5.2. Receiver Characteristics
5.2.1. Receiver Threshold 155 Mb/s
Typical values measured with modulation (PRBS-data). Ref. Point C.
Guaranteed values are 1.5 dB higher. For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 5.5.2
Frequency band: [GHz] 18 23 26 32 38
BER 10-6 [dBm] -74 -74 -73.5 -72.5 -72
BER 10-8 [dBm] -73 -73 -72.5 -71.5 -71
BER 10-10 [dBm] -72.5 -72.5 -71.5 -70.5 -70
Table 5-2 Receiver threshold, 155 Mb/s in ~56 MHz channel
Frequency band: [GHz] U6 11 18
BER 10-6 [dBm] -73.5 -73 -71.5
BER 10-8 [dBm] -72.5 -72 -70.5
BER 10-10 [dBm] -71.5 -71 -69.5
Table 5-3 Receiver threshold, 155 Mb/s in 40 MHz channel
Frequency band:
[GHz]
L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38
BER 10-6 [dBm] -71 -71 -71 -71 70.5 -70 -69 -69 -68.5 -67 -66.5
BER 10-8 [dBm] -69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69 -68.5 -67.5 -67.5 -67 -65.5 -65
BER 10-10 [dBm] -68 -68 -68 -68 -67.5 -67 -66 -66 -65.5 -64.5 -63.5
Table 5-4 Receiver threshold, 155 Mb/s in ~28 MHz channel
The listed values are for ACAP configuration, if filtering for ACCP is required a setting for this is
available. The threshold will be 1 dB higher for BER 10-6 and 1.5 dB higher for BER 10-8 and BER
10-10.
5.2.2. Maximum input level
Maximum input signal levels in point C (measured with PRBS of 2
23
-1).
These limits apply without interference:

Frequency band: [GHz] 6-18 23-38
BER 10
-6
[dBm]
-17 -20
BER 10
-8
[dBm]
-19 -22
BER 10
-10
[dBm]
-21 -24
Table 5-5 Maximum input signal level

5.2.3. RX oscillator frequency tolerance
Frequency tolerance: 10 ppm
This limit includes both short-term factors (environmental effects) and long-term ageing effects.
5.2.4. Noise Figure
Ref. Point C. Guaranteed Values.
Frequency band:
[GHz]
6-8 11 13/15 18/23 26 28 31/32 38
Noise figure F
[dB]

3.9 4.4 4.8 5.8 6.3 7.3 7.4 7.9

5.3. Interference sensitivity
5.3.1. Co-channel interference sensitivity
The limits of the co-channel interference sensitivity are shown in Table 5-6, referred to point C. The
table shows maximum C/I values for 1 dB and 3 dB increase of the 10
-6
BER threshold.
System
C/I at BER = 10-6
@ RSL Degradation
Capacity Channel BW 1 dB 3 dB
155 Mb/s ~30 MHz ACCP 32.5 dB 28.5 dB
155 Mb/s ~30 MHz ACAP 31.5 dB 27.5 dB
155 Mb/s 40 MHz 28 dB 24 dB
155 Mb/s ~56 MHz 24.5 dB 20.5 dB
Table 5-6 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity
5.3.2. Adjacent channel interference sensitivity
The limits of the adjacent channel interference sensitivity are as given in Table 5-7, referred to point C.
The tables show maximum C/I values for 1 dB and 3 dB increase of the 10
-6
BER threshold.
System
C/I at BER = 10-6
@ RSL Degradation
Capacity Channel BW 1 dB 3 dB
155 Mb/s ~30 MHz ACCP -5 dB -8 dB
155 Mb/s ~30 MHz ACAP 3 dB -1 dB
155 Mb/s 40 MHz -4 dB -8 dB
155 Mb/s ~56 MHz -5 dB -9 dB
Table 5-7 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity
5.3.3. XPIC performance
The Cross Polarisation Interference Canceller filter (XPIC) is used in CCDP configurations for systems
with ~28 MHz, 40 MHz, or ~56 MHz bandwidth. The XPIC filter has a typical XIF of 20 dB.

5.4. System Performance
5.4.1. System Gain
Typical values: 155 Mb/s @ BER 10
-6
- ref point CC.
For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 5.5.2

Frequency band:
[GHz]
L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38
~30 MHz channel [dB] 96 96 95 95 93.5 87.5 86 86 83.5 83 82
40 MHz channel [dB] - 98.5 - - 96 - 88.5 - - - -
~56 MHz channel [dB] - - - - - - 92 92 91 89 88.5
Table 5-8 System gain, 155 Mbit/s vs. channel bandwidth
5.4.2. Equipment background BER (Residual BER)
Typical residual BER 10
-14
.
5.4.3. System Signature
The equipment includes an Adaptive Time Domain Equaliser (ATDE). The system signature is specified
below for 6.3 ns delay. The limits are valid for both minimum and non-minimum phase.
Channel Bandwidth ~56 MHz 40 MHz ~28 MHz
~28 MHz
(ACAP)
Max. notch depth, minimum and
non-minimum phase [dB]
22 22 22 24
Signature bandwidth [MHz] 39 34 28 28
Signature factor, typical value TBD TBD 1.5 1.2
Dispersive Fading Margin
(Bellcore), typical value [dB]
TBD TBD 50 52
Table 5-9 Typical signature values 155 Mb/s

5.5. Diplexer and Antenna Interface
5.5.1. General description
The diplexer determines the ODU sub-band coverage and duplex spacing. Most frequency bands are
divided into only two sub-bands. See APPENDIX 1 for details. ODU transmit and receive frequency can
be set to any frequency within the given pass-band range.
5.5.2. RF-Coupler
The additional loss for RF-Coupler is given in Table 5-10. The RF-Coupler is used in protected
configurations and single polarised 2+0 systems.
Asymmetrical RF-Coupler
Symmetrical RF-
Coupler
Main Protection

Nom Max Nom Max Nom Max
Transmission loss [dB] 3.4 3.8 1.5 2 6.5 7
Table 5-10 RF-Coupler loss
5.5.3. Interface to Antenna feeder system
The interface between the ODU and the antenna feeder system is rectangular waveguide. The waveguide
flange type can be found in Table 5-11.
Frequency band
[GHz]
L6/U6 7/8 11 13 15 18/23/26 32/38
Waveguide R70 R84 R100 R120 R140/
WR62
R220/
WR42
R320
Flange type PDR70 CBR84 CBR100 CBR120 CBR140 CBR220 CBR320
Table 5-11 ODU waveguide flange type

5.6. IFU-ODU Interface
5.6.1. Cable interface characteristics
The following signals are transmitted via the cable:
Transmit and Receive data signal.
Power to the ODU.
IFU - ODU Communication (IO-Com) for configuration and control of the ODU.

The cable interface has over-voltage, over-current and reverse polarity protection.
The equipment compensates automatically for different cable lengths.
5.6.2. Cable characteristics
The cable must be in accordance with the following requirements:

Cable requirements:
Characteristic impedance: 50 3
Max. attenuation at 47 MHz: 9 dB
Max. cable length: 300 m
Connector: TNC, male

Recommended cables and maximum lengths at 40.5 Volt:
Cable
50
Maximum cable length with
minimum supply voltage. (40.5
volt)
Cinta CNT 400 () (Andrew) 200
Heliax LDF1-50. () (Andrew) 200
Cellflex LCF 14-50J() (RFS)
200
Heliax LDF2-50. (3/8) (Andrew) 300
Cellflex LCF 38-50J (3/8) (RFS)
300
Table 5-12 Cable lengths, IFU-ODU cable

5.7. Radio Protection Switching (RPS)
5.7.1. Specification of the protection switching system
In order to facilitate switching without introducing bit-errors, a hitless switching system is provided. The
Radio Protection Switching function is used in HSB and 1+1 Frequency Diversity configurations.
Automatic and manual switching is available. The manual switching can be hitless or forced and is
performed from the Element Manager. In Hot Standby configurations the TX- and RX- switching at a
terminal normally operates independently, but they may be configured to operate together.
5.7.2. Low Priority Traffic
In a 1+1 Frequency Diversity system it is possible to use the protection channel for low priority traffic.
5.7.3. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Rx
Alarm Switch time Configurable
EW (Early Warning) * Yes
LBER (Light degradation) * Yes
HBER (Significant degradation) 5 ms Yes
Low RF Input level 5 ms Yes
Sync loss OOF 5 ms No
Rx Alarm IFU (LOF, LOC) 5 ms No
The thresholds for the BER criteria, HBER, LBER and Early Warning (EW), are configurable.
* Depending on alarm detection time.
5.7.4. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Tx
Alarm Switch time
LIU TX Alarm (input) 1 50 ms
IFU MB TX Alarm (input) 1 50 ms
RIU TX Alarm (input) 50 ms
Radio TX Alarm (ODU) 50 ms

1
Used only in HSB Dual Baseband

6. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS
6.1. Embedded SDH Multiplexer Functionality
The equipment can be equipped with a DXC Unit providing SDH/SONET multiplexer functionality. It
can be configured as terminal, ADM with two transmission directions or as X-connect with up to four
transmission directions. The node has a non-blocking cross-connect capability at VT1.5, VC-12, VC-
3/STS-3 and VC-4 levels with a total cross-connect capacity of 4VC-4/STS-3. The data traffic can be a
mix of TDM and Ethernet.
6.1.1. Line and Tributary Interfaces
The node can be equipped with the following type of interface units.
155 Mb/s electrical or optical.
12xE1 and 25xE1
8xT1 and 16xT1
3xE3/DS3
Ethernet (4x10/100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T and 1000BASE-X (SFP))
6.1.2. Mapping and multiplexing
The equipment supports both SDH and SONET mapping. For Ethernet traffic, GFP mapping is used. See
chapter 6.6.2 for more details.

SDH Mapping and multiplexing of E1 and E3 according to Figure 6-1 is supported.

Figure 6-1 SDH Mapping and Multiplexing

SONET Mapping and multiplexing of DS1 and DS3 according to Figure 6-2 is supported.

Figure 6-2 SONET Mapping and Multiplexing

6.1.3. Sub Network Connection Protection
In a ring or mesh topology the traffic signals can be protected by SNCP. This is done by transmitting the
relevant VC/SPE in both directions in the ring. At the receive direction, the available or better-quality
signal is selected.

The following switching criteria are used:
AU/TU AIS and AU/TU LOP alarms
Path error performance
Unequipped Signal and Trace Identifier at VC level
User Command from the LCT or from EM/NMS.

The protected VC-n/SPEs circuits can be selected from any STM-1/STS-3 signal connected to the DXC.
6.2. Section Termination
The radio channel can be configured with RS- or MS-termination according to ITU-T Rec.G.783. When
the radio is configured with DXC or tributary units, the radio will always be configured for MS-
termination. When the equipment is not equipped with DXC or tributary units it will be configured with
RS-termination and the radio link is a regeneration section.
6.3. Scrambling / descrambling functions
The system contains both a STM-1/STS-3 scrambler/descrambler according to ITU-T Rec. G.707 and a
radio specific scrambler/descrambler, which randomises the transmitted digital signal in order to make the
RF power spectrum as uniform as possible, irrespective of the transmitted data.

6.4. Section/Transport Overhead (SOH/TOH)
Use of TOH/SOH is according to ITU-T Rec. G.707.
Access to bytes in MSOH at a regenerator is according to ITU-R Rec.750. A description is given in Table
6-1: Shaded bytes can be used for 2Mb/s, 1.5 Mb/s or Ethernet wayside channel. These bytes and the E1,
E2, F1, MS#1-3, Z1#1-2, or Z2#2 bytes can be used as 64 kb/s user channels.

A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 J0 N N
B1 MS#1 MS#2 E1 X X F1 N N RSOH:
D1 MS#3 X D2 X X D3 X X
H1 H1 H1 H2 H2 H2 H3 H3 H3
B2 B2 B2 K1 X X K2 X X
D4 X X D5 X X D6 X X
D7 X X D8 X X D9 X X
D10 X X D11 X X D12 X X
MSOH:
S1 Z1#1 Z1#2 Z2#1 Z2#2 M1 E2 N N
Table 6-1 Utilisation of SOH bytes
6.4.1. SOH/TOH Frameword and bytes
The first nine bytes in the frame (row 1 in SOH/TOH) are unscrambled according to ITU-T Rec. G.707.

A1: Frameword (11110110)
A2: Frameword (00101000)
N: Bytes reserved for national use. Used for wayside or user channel
J0: Regenerator Section Trace
B1: BIP-8 (Bit Interleaved Parity-8) (RST)
B2: BIP-24 (Bit Interleaved Parity-24) (MST)
MS#1-3: Media specific bytes. User channel
E1-byte: User channel
F1-byte: User channel
H1-H3: AU-pointers.
K1/K2-byte: Bytes for APS signalling. MSP function is not implemented
K2 (b6-b8) MS-Remote Defect Indication
D1-D3 bytes: Embedded control channel - Regenerator, ECCr
D4-D12 bytes: Embedded Control Channel - Multiplexer -ECC-M
S1-byte: Synchronisation Status Message
Z1/Z2-byte: User channel
M1-byte: Remote Error Identifier (MS-REI)
E2-byte: User channel

6.5. Synchronisation
The terminal contains an optional SETS function included in the DXC Unit. In RST mode the SETS
function is not required and the incoming 155 Mb/s signal is transmitted without re-timing. Transmit and
receive directions are independent from each other and can have different timing sources.

In MST mode the SETS function is providing the equipment clock. The SETS function can be
synchronised to one of the following sources:
155 Mbit/s signal from line or radio direction
2 MHz clock input
One selectable 2 or 1.5 Mbit/s tributary input signal
Internal oscillator (free running)

The user sets the available synchronisation references in priority order. The highest quality source is used
to synchronise the equipment clock, but if there are several sources available with equally high quality,
the source with higher priority is used. If a timing source is not available (loss of signal) or its timing
signal is outside tolerances, the SETS function will select the next available source with the highest
quality.
6.5.1. Synchronisation status messaging
Synchronisation status messaging can be used to ensure that the best available timing source will be used.
The messaging is also used to prevent timing loops in SDH ring and mesh networks. The status
messaging is transferred in the S1 byte in the Section Overhead.
The synchronisation status quality levels are shown in the table below.

Abbr. ETSI Ref. Quality
G.811 QL_PRC Primary Reference Clock (PRC) defined in ITU-T rec. G.811
G.812T QL_SSU T Transit node clock defined in ITU-T rec. G.812
G.812L QL_SSU L Local node clock defined in ITU-T rec. G.812
SETS QL_SEC Synchronous Equipment Timing Source (internal oscillator)
Do Not Use QL_DNU Do not use for synchronisation (to prevent timing loops)
Table 6-2 Synchronisation quality levels
In case the synchronisation status message is not contained in the synchronisation input signal, for
example in the 2 MHz or in 2/1.5 Mbit/s input signal, the quality level can be defined manually by the
operator.
6.5.2. 2.048 MHz synchronisation input/output characteristics
Electrical interface according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Frequency: 2.048 MHz 4.6 ppm*
Impedance: 120 balanced.
Return loss (2.048 MHz): 15 dB
Pulse amplitude (2MHz output): Maximum 1.9 V
Minimum 1.0 V
Maximum attenuation of input signal at 1.024 MHz: 6 dB
Connector type: RJ-45

Actual output frequency is depending on the synchronisation source accuracy

6.6. Ethernet functionality
6.6.1. General
Ethernet traffic can be transported over the radio link by using the Fast/Gigabit Ethernet Module. The
transmission capacity is scalable from one VT1.5/VC-12 to four VC-4 (600 Mb/s).
6.6.2. Ethernet over SDH Mapping
The equipment supports standardised GFP-F mapping with linear extension header according to ITU-T
G.7041/Y.1303. Mapping into 1-63xVC-12, 1-3xVC-3 and 1-4xVC-4 is supported.
6.6.3. VCAT and LCAS support
Evolution Series METRO can map Ethernet frames into virtual concatenated VC-x/VTx containers.
LCAS (ITU-T G.7042/Y.1305) is implemented for auto detect of bandwidth and handling of the VC-
x/VTx containers.

The LCAS protocol implemented covers the following functions:
Automatically temporary removal of a faulty VCAT member.
Automatically insertion of a temporary removed VCAT member when the fault is repaired.
Hitless increase of the VCG capacity by adding a VCG new member.
Hitless decrease of the VCG capacity by removing a current VCG member.
6.6.4. QoS handling.
The QoS characteristics of the system will naturally be governed by the queuing and buffering strategies
of the subsystems. To allow for a wide array of applications for this product these strategies are made user
selectable. The following QoS related settings are configurable:

Per. port priority by mapping into default IEEE 802.1p priorities.
Mapping from IPv4/v6 priority (TOS, Diff-Serv, Traffic class) to an internal 4 level priority scheme.
Mapping from IEEE 802.1p/q priority to an internal 4 level priority scheme.
Per. port ingress rate limiting
Selectable QoS queuing strategy. Strict or fair (8:4:2:1) strategy.
Selectable traffic strategy: prevent head of line blocking (full QoS) or maximum throughput (limited
QoS). Limited QoS supports ingress rate limiting and per port flow control.
o If enabled, IEEE 802.1p/Q priority will override IPv4/IPv6 and port priorities.
o If enabled, IPv4/IPv6 priority will override port priority.
o Per port flow control and ingress rate limitation can be set independently of other settings.
6.6.4.1. Queuing Strategy
The Ethernet unit uses two different QoS queuing strategies. Strict queuing means that the QoS
ordering of packets is the only consideration for the packet scheduler. In this mode no lower priority
packets will be forwarded as long as higher priority packets are available for forwarding.

Fair queuing on the other hand tries to distribute forwarding capacity between the different priority levels
to prevent high priority data streams from completely blocking lower priority streams. Scheduling is done
according to a fair weighting applied to the four priority queues.
6.6.4.2. Buffering strategy
The amount of internal buffering will strongly influence latency of the data streams. Restricting buffering
capacity will typically improve overall latency, while increasing packet losses due to traffic bursts. The
prevent head of line blocking utilizes the minimum buffering for enhanced QoS performance while
maximum throughput uses maximum buffer size.

6.6.5. Link-Loss Failure pass through on the Ethernet port
Evolution Series supports a Link-Loss Failure pass through, LLF. This is useful for routers or switches to
detect that the Ethernet connection has failed or there is no pass through connection through the radio link
side. The LLF function is based on the principle that the interface on the opposite side will be
disconnected when the link on the Ethernet port or the radio link has failed. Hence, a failure situation will
be communicated to either ends in the link configuration.

When there is a radio link failure, the LLF function will control the Ethernet link on the opposite side of
the radio link by the link status on each side. I.e. if the incoming Ethernet signal on one side is
disconnected, the output on the Ethernet port on the opposite side will be turned off.


6.7. Transmission Interfaces - TDM
6.7.1. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s electrical
Electrical interface according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Bitrate: 155.520 Mbit/s 20 ppm
Line code: CMI
Impedance: 75 unbalanced
Maximum attenuation of input signal at 78 MHz: 12.7 dB
Connector type: DIN47297, 1.0/2.3mm, dual (IEC 60169-29)
6.7.2. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Intermediate Reach
Optical interface based on single mode fibre (G.652 single mode).
According to ITU-T Rec. G.957; S-1.1 and ANSI: T1.105.06; IR-1
Approximate reach: 15 km

Operating wavelength range: 1261 - 1360 nm
Source type: MLM
Mean launched power: - Maximum: -8 dBm
- Minimum: -15 dBm
Minimum receiver sensitivity (BER < 10
-10
): -28 dBm
Minimum receiver overload: -8 dBm
Connector type: LC Duplex
6.7.3. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1300nm
Optical interface based on single mode fibre (G.652 single mode). Approximate reach: 40 km
According to ITU-T Rec. G.957; L-1.1 and ANSI: T1.105.06-1996; LR-1

Source type: MLM
Mean launched power: - Maximum: 0 dBm
- Minimum: -5dBm
-10
): - 34 dBm
6.7.4. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1500nm
Optical interface based on single mode fibre (G.652 single mode). Approximate reach: 80 km
According to ITU-T Rec. G.957; L-1.2 and ANSI: T1.105.06-1996; LR-2

Source type: SLM
Mean launched power: - Maximum: 0 dBm
- Minimum: -5dBm
-10
): -34 dBm

6.7.5. Interface characteristics 1.5 Mbit/s
Electrical interface according to ANSI T1.102-1993 and ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Line code: B8ZS
Impedance: 100 balanced.
Line Build Out [feet]: 0-133, 133-266, 266-399, 399-533, & 533-655
Connector type wayside: RJ-45/RJ48C
Connector type tributaries: 50 pin multiconnector
6.7.6. Interface characteristics 2 Mbit/s
Interface parameters according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Line code: HDB3
Impedance: 120 balanced
Connector type wayside: RJ-45/RJ48C
Connector type tributaries: 50 pin multiconnector

Interface parameters according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Line code: HDB3
Electrical interface according to ANSI Recommendation T1.102-1993
Line code: B3ZS
Power level: -4.7 to +3.6 dBm for AIS signal

6.8. Transmission Interfaces - Ethernet
6.8.1. Transmission interface characteristics 10/100 BASE-TX:
Electrical interface: IEEE 802.3 Full Duplex
The interfaces are configurable by management software.
Each port can be configurable Auto-Negotiation, 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX, half or full duplex.
Flow control for full duplex connection according to IEEE 802.3x.
6.8.2. Transmission interface characteristics 1000 BASE-T:
Electrical interface: IEEE 802.3 Full Duplex
The interfaces are configurable by management software.
The port is configurable to Auto-Negotiation, 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, or 1000 BASE-T.
Flow control for full duplex connection according to IEEE 802.3x.
6.8.3. Transmission interface characteristics 1000 BASE-LX
1.25 Gigabit Ethernet Optical Transceiver (SFP Module) for Single Mode Fibre
Specification: IEEE 802.3z/ab
Operating wavelength range: 1310 nm
Typical reach 10 km
6.8.4. Transmission interface characteristics 1000 BASE-SX
1.25 Gigabit Ethernet Optical Transceiver (SFP Module) for Multi Mode Fibre
Specification: IEEE 802.3z/ab
Operating wavelength range: 850 nm
Typical reach 500 m

6.9. Wayside traffic and auxiliary interfaces
6.9.1. Wayside channel characteristics
One plug-in unit supports two wayside channels. Each interface is configurable to 1.5 Mb/s or 2 Mb/s.
For interface specification see 6.7.6
The wayside channel is transported in SOH, see chapter 6.4
6.9.2. 64 kbit/s channel characteristics
Four 64kbit/s channel interfaces are available

Two 64kb/s according to ITU-T G.703, Co-directional timing.
One 64kb/s according to ITU-T G.703, Contra-directional timing.
One 64kb/s according to ITU-T V.11, Contra-directional timing without byte timing.


The 64 kb/s channels can be transported in available user channels is SOH, see chapter 6.4 or in two user
channels in the radio frame.
6.9.3. Service telephone/Orderwire interfaces
The unit has four RJ-45 connectors, one for handset and three for analogue connections.

Telephone connector type: RJ-45 (IEC 60603-7)

The performance of the service telephone complies in general with ITU-T Rec. G.712:
Code: PCM
Signalling: DTMF according to ITU-T Rec. Q.23
Frequency range: 0.3 3.4 kHz
Impedance 600

The unit has three 4-wire analogue interfaces for connection to other service channel equipment:

OE1 and OE2 Interfaces,
Not Galvanic Isolated.
Input/output level -6 dBm
4 Wire Interface.
Galvanic Isolated
Input/output level: 4 dBm, 0 dBm -6 dBm (Nominal) and -10 dBm.

The EOW is transported in a 64 kb/s channel, see chapter 6.4 for available user channels in the SOH. The
radio frame also has two user channels which can be used.

6.9.4. Alarm and Control Unit
The unit has four RJ45 connectors.
Transient protection: Amplitude: < 100 V
Transient protection: Duration: < 10 ms, non-repetitive

External alarm input interfaces:
Number: Eight two-pin interfaces. Galvanic isolated.
Interface: Current loop
State on: > 3.0 mA
State off: < 1.0 mA

Relay output interfaces:
Number: Four two-pin outputs.
Contact Ratings
Inductive Load: 0.5A at 24V DC
0.1A at 110V DC

Resistive Load: 0.8A at 24V DC
0.1A at 110V DC

Analogue Input Interfaces:
Number: Seven single ended inputs, common analogue ground.
Not galvanic isolated.

4 inputs: Voltage Range: 0-20V DC
Impedance >100k ohm

2 inputs: Voltage Range: 18-65V DC
Impedance >100k ohm

1 input: Current Range: 0-50 mA
Impedance 50ohm

7. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS
7.1. General
The powerful integrated supervisory system of Evolution Series provides user-access to the NEs in a most
dynamic manner. The management function in the NE can be accessed by the use of a web-browser,
Command Line Interface (CLI) or by a SNMP manager such as the NERAs management systems
NetMaster EM/NMS.

Note 1: Configuration from CLI is limited.

A NE is controlling all the units connected to a specific node with a common supervisory unit. The NE
software performs the following management tasks:
Fault management: Collecting and logging of alarms and analogue measurements from the
management units connected to the Node.
Performance management: Collecting and logging quality measurements according to standards
(G.784)
Configuration management: Configuration of node (including configuration up/download) and
Software download
Security management: Configuration of user id/password and the users privileges in the NE.
Includes logging in NE of user actions.

7.1.1. Event logging
Evolution Series NEs can log events and faults in the local fault log. The log size is 10.000 events. The
log can be set to wrap-around or halt when it is full. Alarm logging can be masked based on severity
level. The operator can also clear the log.
7.1.2. Monitoring of system performance
Transmission performance data is monitored continuously by the built-in supervision function. The
supervision function performs measurements and calculations based on the BIP-codes in the SOH. Traffic
bit error rate information from the modem is also available.

7.1.2.1. System performance calculations
Performance data are based on the ITU-T Rec. G.826 system performance parameters. The following
system quality calculations are included:

Performance Calculations
Regenerator Section
Termination Calculations
based on B1 (BIP-8)
Multiplexer Section
Termination Calculation
based on B2 (BIP-24)
Error Second Ratio (ESR) Yes Yes
Severely Error Second Ratio (SESR) Yes Yes
Background Block Error Ratio (BBER) Yes Yes
Unavailable state (UAS) Yes Yes
Table 7-1 Performance Calculations
7.1.2.2. Performance record logging
Evolution Series calculates the performance in G.826 performance parameters based on B1, B2, and M1
parity checksums. The performance records are calculated for STM-1 line interface and for received
STM-1 from radio side. 15-min, 24-hour and month records are calculated. The log contains the current
and last month, current and last 24-hour and current and the sixteen last 15-min records.
Threshold values can be defined each of the performance records and a performance alarm will be raised
if the threshold is exceeded for any of the periods.

In addition cumulative error counters for B1, B2, and M1 parity pulses and for the G.826 performance
parameters are available. The operator can read and reset the counters.
7.1.3. Security management
The user must have a username and password defined in the NE in order to log in. Each user name is
defined with access privileges. Four levels are defined;

User level Privileges
Passive Users Passive users are only able to monitor data. They are not able to change any
configuration.
Active Users Same as Passive. In addition active users are able to reset counters.
Master Users Master users have access to all commands, except those related to user account
administration and Configuration/SW download.
Admin Users Admin users have access to all commands. The Admin user is the administrator and is
responsible for adding, deleting and managing user accounts and privileges. In addition
the admin user is responsible for Configuration/SW download.
7.1.3.1. Security event logging
The NE can log events related to security. The log size is 1000 events. When it is full it will wrap-around.
The operator can also clear the log.
7.2. ECC (Embedded Communication Channel)
For communication over a link the ECC channel in the SOH/TOH is used. Normally DCC-r (D1 to D3) is
used for ECC purpose but any other available SOH byte can be used. When DCC-r is used the
transmission capacity is 192 kb/s, if another single SOH byte is used the transmission capacity is 64kb/s.
7.2.1. IP Routing
The Supervisory system contains a routing function that enables routing of TCP/IP and UDP/IP traffic
between the various management interfaces such as the Ethernet interface and the ECC channel. The

routing protocol used is OSPF/RIP2. This enables both transport of Evolution Series management traffic
as well as other telecom equipment IP based management protocols.
7.2.2. Embedded SNMP agent
The embedded SNMP agent supports the following management functions.
Basic monitoring of network and interface parameters
Fault Management
Supports enumeration of possible alarms, current alarm table and historic alarms (log).
Analogue measurements
Received signal level.
Performance Management
Performance data according to G.826 and error pulses B1,B2 and MS-REI.

7.3. Interfaces to the supervision system
7.3.1. General
Four external interfaces are available for the supervision system.

LAN interface Two 10/100BASE-TX interfaces, IEEE 802.3 Full Duplex.
USB interface Two USB ports are available, one host and one device. The host port serves as
LCT interface.

7.3.2. LEDs
All IFU units have a LED indicating power on and alarm status.

Colour Indication
Continuous green : Power on, normal operation
Continuous red Alarm on unit
Slow blinking red Unit is receiving configuration
Fast blinking red Units is not configured or is placed in a wrong IFU slot
Table 7-2 LED status indications

8. REFERENCES

Document code: Title/Description:
ETSI EN 301 489-4 V1.4.1 (2002-
08)
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Electro Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 4: Specific
conditions for fixed radio links and ancillary equipment and services. For grade B
equipment
ETSI EN 300 019-1-1 V2.1.4
(2003-04)
Classification of environmental conditions; Storage. Class 1.2, weather protected
ETSI EN 300 019-1-2 V2.1.4
(2003-04)
Classification of environmental conditions; Transportation. Class 2.3, public
transportation
ETSI EN 300 019-1-3 V2.1.2
(2003-04)
Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at weather protected
locations. Class 3.2, partly temperature controlled locations
ETSI EN 300 019-1-4 V2.1.2
(2003-04)
Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weather protected
locations
ETSI EN 300 132-2 V2.1.2 (2003-
09)
Equipment Engineering (EE); Power supply interface at the input to telecommunication
equipment; Part 1: Interface operated by Direct Current (DC)
ETSI EN 302 217-1 V1.1.1 (2004-
12)
Overview and system-independent common characteristics
ETSI EN 302 217-2-1 V1.1.1
(2004-12)
System-dependent requirements for digital systems operating in frequency bands where
frequency co-ordination is applied
ETSI EN 302 217-2-2 V1.1.1
(2004-12)
Harmonized EN covering essential requirements of Article 3.2 of R&TTE Directive for
digital systems operating in frequency bands where frequency co-ordination is applied
CENELEC EN 60950: 2000 Safety of information technology equipment
CENELEC EN 60215: 1989 Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment
CENELEC EN 60825-1 1994 Safety of laser products, Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and users
guide
CENELEC EN 60825-2 2000 Safety of laser products, Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems
ITU-R Rec. F.746-7 (2003) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed service systems
ITU-R Rec. F.1099-3 (1999) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity radio-relay systems operating
in the 5 GHz (4 400-5 000 MHz) band
ITU-R Rec. F.383-7 (2001) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity radio-relay systems operating
in the lower 6 GHz band
ITU-R Rec. F.384-8 (2004-01) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity analogue or
digital radio-relay systems operating in the upper 6 GHz band
ITU-R Rec. F.385-8 (2005) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 7 GHz
band
ITU-R Rec. F.386-6 (1999-02) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity analogue or
digital radio-relay systems operating in the 8 GHz band
ITU-R Rec. F.387-9 (2002-05) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 11 GHz
band
frequency band
band
ITU-R Rec. F.595-8 (2003-02) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 18 GHz
band
band
ITU-R Rec. F.748-4 (2001) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 25, 26,
and 28 GHz bands
ITU-R F.1520-2 (2003-02) Radio-frequency arrangements for systems in the fixed service operating in the band
31.8-33.4 GHz
band
ITU-R Rec. F.750-4 (2000-05) Architectures and functional aspects of radio-relay systems for synchronous digital
hierarchy (SDH)-based network
ITU-T Rec. G.703 (11/2001) Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces
ITU-T Rec. G.707 (10/2000) Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)
ITU-T Rec. G.783 (02/2004) Characteristics of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment functional blocks

ITU-T Rec. G.823 (03/2000) The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 2048
kbit/s hierarchy
ITU-T Rec. G.825 (03/2000) The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the
synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH).
ITU-T Rec. G.826 (02/1999) Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate digital
paths at or above the primary rate
ITU-T Rec. G.828 (03/2000) Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate
synchronous digital paths
ITU-T Rec. G.921 (11/1988) Digital Sections based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.
ITU-T Rec. G.957 (06/1999) Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital
hierarchy
ITU-T Rec. G.958 (11/1994) Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for use on optical fibre
cable
ETSI TR 101 036-1 V1.3.1 (2002-
08)
Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Generic wordings for standards on
digital radio systems characteristics; Part 1: General aspects and point-to-point
equipment parameters
CEPT/ERC Rec. 74-01 E (2002-10) Spurious Emissions
CEPT/ERC Rec 14-01 E (1996-08) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity analogue and digital radio-
relay systems operating in the band 5925 MHz 6425 MHz
CEPT/ERC Rec 14-02 E (1996-08) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity digital radio-
relay systems operating in the band 6425 MHz 7125 MHz
CEPT/ECC Rec 02-06 (2002-08) Preferred channel arrangement for digital fixed service systems operating in the
frequency range 7125-8500 MHz
CEPT/ERC Rec. 12-06 E (1996-12) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems
operating in the band 10.7 11.7 GHz
CEPT /ERC/REC 12-02 (1996-08) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for analogue and digital terrestrial
fixed systems operating in the band 12.75 GHz to 13.25 GHz
CEPT/ERC/REC 12-07 E (1996-08) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems
operating in the bands 14.5 - 14.62 GHz paired with 15.23 - 15.35 GHz
CEPT/ERC/REC 12-03 (1996-08) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems
operating in the band 17.7 GHz to 19.7 GHz
CEPT T/R 13-02 (1994-02) Preferred channel arrangements for fixed services in the range 22.0-29.5 GHz
IEC 297-2 Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 486.6mm (19in) series: Cabinet and pitches
of the rack structures.
IEC 297-3 Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 486.6mm (19in) series: Sub-rack and
associated plug in units.
IEC 60169-16, Ed. 1.0 Radio-frequency connectors. Part 16: R.F. coaxial connectors with inner diameter of
outer conductor 7 mm (0.276 in) with screw coupling - Characteristic impedance 50
ohms (75 ohms)
IEC 60169-29, Ed. 1.0 Radio-frequency connectors - Part 29: Miniature r.f. coaxial connectors with screw-,
push-pull and snap-on coupling or slide-in rack and panel applications; Characteristic
impedance 50 ohms
IEC 60603-7 (1996) Connectors for electronic equipment - Part 7-1: Detail specification for 8-way, shielded
free and fixed connectors with common mating features, with assessed quality
IEC 60835-2-8 (1993-05) Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission
systems - Measurements on terrestrial radio-relay systems - Adaptive equalizer.
IEEE 802.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

ANSI/Industry Canada:
Document code: Title/Description:
Radio Frequency Channel Plans:
FCC 47 CFR Part 101 Fixed Microwave Services
SRSP 305.9 Technical Requirements for Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Fixed Service in the
Band 5915 6425 MHz
SRSP 306.4 Technical Requirements for Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Fixed Service in the
Band 6425 6930 MHz
SRSP 307.1 Technical Requirements for Fixed Line-of-Sight Radio Systems Operating in the Band 7125-7725
MHz
SRSP 307.7 Technical Requirements for Fixed Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Band 7725-8275
MHz
SRSP 310.7 Technical Requirements for Fixed Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Band 10.7-11.7
GHz
Electromagnetic Compatibility:
FCC 47CFR Part 15 Radio Frequency Devices (EMC regulations)
Safety:
CAN/CSA 22.2 No. 60950-00 Safety Information processing and business equipment
UL 1950 Safety of Information Technology Equipment
SONET:
ANSI Rec. T1.105 SONET - Basic Description including Multiplex Structure, Rates and Formats
ANSI Rec. T1.105.06-1996 Telecommunications-Synchronous Optical Network (SONET): Physical Layer Specifications
ANSI Rec. T1.646-1995 Broadband ISDN Physical Layer Specification for User Network Interfaces Including DS1/ATM
ANSI T1.102-1993 Digital Hierarchy Electrical Interfaces.
9. TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviation Description
ACAP Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarisation
ACCP Adjacent Channel Co-Polarisation
ADM Add/Drop/Multiplex
AIS Alarm Indication Signal
ALM
External alarm input/output
AP Alternating Polarisation
ATDE Adaptive Time Domain Equaliser
ATPC Automatic Transmitter Power Control
AUX
Auxiliary functions
AU Administrative Unit
BER Bit Error Rate
BIP Bit Interleaved Parity
C/I Carrier to Interference ratio
CS Channel Spacing
DCC Data Communications Channel
DF-SP Dual Frequency Single Polarisation
ECC Embedded Control Channel
EM Element Manger
EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility
EMF
Embedded Management Functions
EOW
Engineering Order Wire
EW Early Warning
GFP Generic Framing Procedure
HBER High Bit Error Rate
HSB HotStandBy
IFU InterFace Unit
LAN
Local Area Network port (10/100BASE-TX Ethernet)
LBER Low Bit Error Rate
LIU
Line Interface Unit
LCT Local Craft Terminal
LOF Loss Of Frame
LOH Line OverHead (LOH is a SONET term with same meaning as MSOH in SDH networks)
LOS Loss Of Signal
MLM Multi-Longitudinal Mode
MS Multiplex Section

Abbreviation Description
MSOH Multiplex Section Overhead
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MST Multiplex Section Termination
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure
NMS Network Management System
OC-3 Optical Carrier level 3 = 155Mbit/s (OC-1 level 1 = 51.84 Mbit/s)
ODU OutDoor Unit
OOF Out Of Frame
POH Path OverHead
PRBS Pseudo Random Bit Sequence
PWR
Power Supply
RIU
Radio Interface Unit
RF Radio Frequency
RPS Radio Protection Switching
RS Regenerator Section
RSOH Regenerator Section OverHead
RST Regenerator Section Termination
RX Receiver
SERV
Service function (plug-in unit)
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source
SF-DP Single Frequency - Dual Polarisation
SNCP Sub Network Connection Protection
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SOH/TOH Section OverHead/Transport OverHead (SOH is used in SDH networks, TOH is used in SONET networks)
SONET Synchronous Optical Network
SPE Synchronous Payload Envelope (An STS frame consist of Transport OverHead and the SPE)
STM-1 Synchronous Transport Module, 1 means the lowest defined data rate = 155.520 Mbit/sec
SU
Supervisory Unit
SVCE SerVice ChannEl, used to define the voice channel circuit board
TU Tributary Unit
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TUG Tributary Unit Group
TX Transmitter
USB
Universal Serial Bus
VC Virtual Container
XCVR
Transmitter/Receiver
XIF XPIC Improvement Factor
XPIC X-Polar Interference Canceller

APPENDIX 1 ODU/DIPLEXER SUB-BAND RANGE
The sub-band range in the table is specified with the RF-channel bandwidth as given in the last column.
The sub-band range is wider if configured radio bandwidth is narrower.

Freq.
band
[GHz]
Duplex
Spacing
Tx.
Freq:
Sub-band 1 Sub-band 2 Sub-band 3
Channel
BW
5.9-6.4 252.04
Low:
High:
5945 6034
6197 - 6287
6063 - 6154
6315 6406

~28 MHz
5.9-6.4 252.04
Low:
High:
5930 - 6020
6182 - 6272
6049 - 6138
6301 - 6390

~28 MHz
6.4-7.1 340
Low:
High:
6450 - 6580
6790 - 6920
6610 - 6740
6950 - 7080

40 MHz
6.4-7.1 100
Low:
High:
6595
6695
6625
6725
6655
6755
30 MHz
7.1-7.4 154,161
Low:
High:
7128 - 7184
7289 - 7345
7170 - 7226
7331 - 7387
7205 - 7264
7366 - 7425
~28 MHz
7.1-7.4 175
Low:
High:
7128 - 7184
7289 - 7345

~28 MHz
7.1-7.4 196
Low:
High:
7121 - 7177
7317 - 7373
7177 - 7233
7373 - 7429

~28 MHz
7.4-7.7 150
Low:
High:
7428 - 7484
7589 - 7645

~28 MHz
7.4-7.7
154,161,
182
Low:
High:
7428 - 7484
7589 - 7645
7470 - 7526
7631 - 7687
7505 - 7564
7666 7725
~28 MHz
7.4-7.7 168
Low:
High:
7428 - 7484
7589 - 7645
7470 - 7526
7631 - 7687
7513 - 7569
7681 7737
~28 MHz
7.2-7.5 161
Low:
High:
7266 - 7321
7427 - 7482
7325 - 7380
7486 7542

~28 MHz
7.4-7.9 245
Low:
High:
7442 - 7526
7687 7771
7554 - 7638
7799 7883

~28 MHz
7.1-7.7
300
Low:
High:
7139 7261
7439 7561
7289 - 7411
7289 7411

~28 MHz
7.7-8.3 310
Low:
High:
7732 - 7837
8039 - 8149
7836 - 7956
8147 8267

~28 MHz
7.9-8.4 266
Low:
High:
7919 - 8013
8185 - 8279
8031 - 8122
8297 8388

~28 MHz
7.9-8.5 310
Low:
High:
7919 8031
8229 - 8341
8059 - 8171
8369 8481

~28 MHz
8.2-8.5 119/126
Low:
High:
8287.5 - 8305
8411 - 8427
8330 - 8347
8453 8469

~28 MHz
8.2-8.5 154
Low:
High:
8217 - 8248
8370 - 8400
8273 - 8307
8428 8458
8299- 8330
8452 - 8482
~28 MHz
11 490/530
Low:
High:
10735 - 10935
11225 - 11465
10975 - 11175
11465 - 11665

40 MHz
11 530
Low:
High:
10715 - 10915
11245 - 11445
10955 - 11155
11485 - 11685

40 MHz
11 490
Low:
High:
10725 - 10935
11215 - 11425
10965 - 11175
11455 11665

30 MHz
13 266
Low:
High:
12765 - 12877
13031 - 13143
12849 12963
13115 - 13229

28 MHz
15 490
Low:
High:
14417 - 14676
14907 - 15166
14669 - 14914
15117 - 15334

28 MHz
15 420
Low:
High:
14515 - 14732
14935 - 15152
14669 - 14914
15117 - 15334

28 MHz

15 644/728
Low:
High:
14515 - 14683
15159 - 15334

28 MHz
15 315
Low:
High:
14641 - 14781
14956 - 15096
14753 - 14893
15068 - 15208

28 MHz
18 1010
Low:
High:
17727.5 18193.5
18737.5 19202.5
18195 18662.5
19205 19672.5

55 MHz
18 1560
Low:
High:
17727.5 18112.5
19287.5 19672.5

55 MHz
18 1092.5
Low:
High:
17727.5 - 18195
18820 - 19287.5
18112.5 - 18580
19205 - 19672.5

27.5 MHz
18 1120
Low:
High:
17742 - 18181
18834- 19273
18127 - 18566
19219 19658

55 MHz
23 1232
Low:
High:
21228 21772
22428 - 22988
21791 - 22316
23023 23548

56 MHz
23 1200
Low:
High:
21225 - 21775
22425 - 22991
21825 - 22375
23025 23575

50 MHz
23 1008
Low:
High:
22031 - 22562
23039 - 23570

56 MHz
26 1008
Low:
High:
24577 - 24976
25585 25984
24997 - 25417
26005 - 26425

56 MHz
28 1008
Low:
High:
27576.5 - 27975.5
28584.5 - 28983.5
27996.5 - 28416.5
29004.5 - 29424.5

56 MHz
32 812
Low:
High:
31843 - 32200
32655 - 33012
32218 - 32543
33030 - 33355

56 MHz
38 1260
Low:
High:
37086 - 37590
38346 - 38850
37646 - 38150
38906 - 39410

56 MHz
38 700
Low:
High:
38625 - 38800
39325 - 39500
38850 - 39025
39550 - 39725
39075 - 39275
39775 - 39975
50 MHz

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Nera Networks AS
Kokstadveien 23
PO Box 7090, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
Tel.: +47 55 22 53 00, Fax: +47 55 22 52 99
E-mail: [email protected]
www.nera.no

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Technical Description

Evolution Series METRO

C the relative humidity

C the equipment must be switched on

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