ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

Department of
Electronics and Communication Engineering

B Tech(ECE)
Syllabus & Model Question Papers

I, II, III &IV YEAR

(For the admitted batch of 2020-21)

Board of Studies
University College of Engineering
(As per Model Curriculum for Undergraduate Degree Courses
in Engineering &Technology, January, 2018, AICTE, New Delhi)
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY - ANUR

ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

B. Tech, Four Year Degree Course

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

INDEX

S.No. Description Page. No.

1. - Course Structure Semester wise i - iv

2. I - Semester Structure &Syllabus 01

3. II - Semester Structure &Syllabus 14

4. III - Semester Structure &Syllabus 27

5. IV - Semester Structure &Syllabus 43

6. V - Semester Structure &Syllabus 58

7. VI - Semester Structure &Syllabus 76

8. V II - Semester Structure &Syllabus 96

9. V III - Semester Structure &Syllabus 118

10. From I - VIII Semester Model Question Papers

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

B. Tech, Four Year Degree Course

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)
I B. Tech I Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (I Semester)
Hours/weeks Max Marks Total Credits
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Marks

HSMC-EC101 English-I 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC-EC102 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC- EC103 Engineering Physics 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
ESC- EC104 Engineering Graphics 1 0 4 25 75 100 3
Basics of Electrical
ESC-EC105 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Engineering
LC- EC106 Engineering Physics Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC- EC107 Engineering Workshop Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC- EC108 IT Workshop Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

MC- EC109 Environmental Science 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Induction Programme 3 Weeks Duration
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 13 300 600 900 19.5

I B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (II Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total
Credits
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Marks
HSMC-
English-II 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
EC201
BSC-EC202 Engineering Mathematics-II 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
BSC-EC203 Engineering Chemistry 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
ESC-EC204 Programming for 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Problem Solving
ESC-EC205 Electronic Devices and Circuits 1 0 4 25 75 100 3
English Communication Skills
LC-EC206 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Lab
LC-EC207 Engineering Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Programming for
LC-EC208 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Problem Solving Lab
Professional Ethics and Human
MC-EC209 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Values
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 13 300 600 900 19.5

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II B. Tech I Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (III Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

CourseCode Title of the Course Marks Credits
L T P Internal External
BSC-EC301 Mathematics –III 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
BSC-EC302 Probability Theory and Stochastic 3 1 0 25 75 100 3
Processes
PCC-EC303 Signals and Systems 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Switching Theory and Logic
PCC-EC304 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Design
Electromagnetic field theory and
PCC-EC305 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Transmission Lines
Electronic Devices and Circuits
LC-EC 306 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Lab
Switching Theory and Logic
LC-EC 307 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Design Lab
LC-EC 308 Electronic Workshop Practice Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC309 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
Essence of Indian Traditional
MC-EC310 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Knowledge
TOTAL CREDITS 18 0 11 350 650 1000 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./ Week

II B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (IV Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks
Total
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Credits
Marks
ESC-EC401 Network Analysis 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
BSC-EC402 Control Systems 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC403 Analog and Digital Circuits 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC404 Analog Communications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Managerial Economics and
HSMC-EC405 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Financial Analysis
LC-EC 406 Network Analysis and ET Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC 407 Analog Communications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC 408 Analog & Digital Circuits Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC409 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
TOTAL CREDITS 16 0 11 325 575 900 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week. Two months Summer Internship/Technical Course mandatory after second year which can be
evaluated during V Semester.

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III B. Tech I Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (V Semester)
Hours/weeks Max Marks Total
CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks
PCC-EC501 Linear IC Applications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC502 Antennas and Wave Propagation 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC503 Digital Communications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Open Elective Course-I
A. Computer Organization
EC-EC504 B. Networks and Protocols 2 0 2 25 75 100 3
C. Data Mining and Ware
Housing
Professional Elective - I
A. VLSI Design
PEC-EC505 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Digital IC Design
C. Optoelectronics.
LC-EC506 Digital Communications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC507 Linear IC Applications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC508 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
MC-EC509 Constitution of India 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Summer Internship 2 Months (Mandatory) after
Second year (to be evaluated during V Semester 0 0 0 100 - 100 1.5
TOTAL CREDITS 17 0 10 400 600 1000 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs/Week and 1 Theory Hrs/Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs/ Week
III B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (VI Semester)
Hours/weeks Max Marks
Total Credits
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Marks
Microprocessors and
PCC-EC601 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Microcontrollers
PCC-EC602 Microwave Engineering 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC603 Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Professional Elective Course - II
A. Computer Networks
Engineering.
PEC-EC604 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Artificial Neural Networks
and Fuzzy Logic.
C. Bio-Medical Engineering.
Open Elective Course - II
A. Python Programming
OEC-EC605 B. Object Oriented 2 0 0 25 75 100 3
Programming Through Java.
C. Machine Learning.
Microprocessors and
LC-EC606 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Microcontrollers Lab
LC-EC607 Microwave Engineering Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC608 Digital Signal Processing Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC609 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 11 325 575 900 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week. Two months Summer Internship/Technical Course mandatory after Third year which can be evaluated
during VII Semester.

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IV B. Tech I Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (VII Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks
Title of the Course Total
CourseCode L T P Internal External Credits
Marks
Professional Elective Course-III
A. Radar Engineering.
PEC- EC701 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Satellite Engineering.
C. Analog IC Design.
Professional Elective Course -IV
A. Electronic Measurementsand
Instrumentations
PEC- EC702 B. Fibre optics and wireless 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
optical Communications.
C. Information Theory and
Coding
Professional Elective Course -V
A. Mobile Cellular
PEC- EC703
Communications. 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Wireless Communication.
C. ASIC Design .
Open Elective Course - III
A. Digital Image Processing.
2 0 2 25 75 100 3
OEC- EC704 B. Software Defined Radio.
C. Television Engineering.
Open Elective Course - IV
A. Embedded System.
OEC- EC705 B. Global PositioningSystems.
2 0 2 25 75 100 3
C. Smart Antenna Systems.
HSMC-
Management Science 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
EC706
SDC- EC707 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
Industrial Internship/Mini project 2 Months
(Mandatory) after Second year (to be evaluated 0 0 0 100 -- 100 3
during V Semester
TOTAL CREDITS 17 0 06 300 500 800 23
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week.

IV B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (VIII Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks
Total
CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks

Project Project Work 100 200 300 12

TOTAL CREDITS 100 200 300 12

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COURSE STRUCTURE &SYLLABUS

ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

I B. Tech I Semester (I Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total
CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks

HSMC-EC101 English-I 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC-EC102 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC- EC103 Engineering Physics 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
ESC- EC104 Engineering Graphics 1 0 4 25 75 100 3
Basics of Electrical
ESC-EC105 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Engineering

LC- EC106 Engineering Physics Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC- EC107 Engineering Workshop Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC- EC108 IT Workshop Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

MC- EC109 Environmental Science 2 0 0 25 75 100 0

Induction Programme 3 Weeks Duration

TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 13 300 600 900 19.5

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Humanities and Social Science including Scheme andCredits

I Year-I Semester
Management Courses L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 HSMC-EC101: English I 3 0 0 3
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The syllabus is intended to enhance the communication skills of the students in the mode of Activity Based
Language Teaching and Learning. The syllabus is designed to impart not just grammatical knowledge but also
provide a platform for developing communication skills through activity and interaction so as to enable the
learner to become proficient in all aspects of English Language that is Listening, Speaking, Reading and
Writing.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To encourage the all-round development of students by focusing on communicationskills.
 To develop and nurture the Language skills of the students through individual andgroup activities.
 To develop grammar and pronunciation of the English of the students.
 To develop reading skills among students.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Understand basic grammar principles and be able to synthesize and transformsentences.
 Show enhanced communication ability in English.
 Understand the processes at work behind word formation in English thereby leading to better use of
vocabulary in speech and written modes.
 Understand the theory of communication and utilize the knowledge to interact in thelanguage.
 Interpret implicit and explicit meaning of a text while reading.

UNIT -I:
Listening: Listening to short audio texts and identify the topic and supporting ideas
Speaking: Self-introduction
Reading: Skimming and Scanning
Writing: Paragraph Structure and types
Grammar: Content words and function words, basic sentence structure, wh-questions
Vocabulary: Introduction to word formation
Poem: Once upon a time by Gabriel Okara
UNIT -II:
Listening: Listening for comprehension and summarizing what is listened to.
Speaking: Group Discussions
Reading: Identifying the structure of the text, transition words and linkers
Writing: Punctuation, use of phrases and clauses in sentences.
Grammar: Articles, use of prepositions
Vocabulary: Root words from other languages
Short Story: A Horse and Two Goats by R.K. Narayan.
UNIT -III:
Listening: Making predictions while listening to conversations
Speaking: Role plays – asking for and giving information/ directions
Reading: Intensive Reading / Detailed reading – recognizing, inferring and interpreting specific contexts;
strategies to use text clues for reading comprehension
Writing: Principles of Good Writing, Introduction to Essay Writing
Grammar: Verb – tenses, subject-verb agreement
Vocabulary: Prefixes and Suffixes
Speech: Fringe Benefits of failure by JK Rowling
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UNIT -IV:
Listening: Identifying key terms and concepts
Speaking: Formal oral presentations on topics from academic contexts – without PPT
Reading: Use of graphic elements in text, understanding patterns
Writing: Types of essays – paragraph organisation, creating coherence, summarization/ précis writing
Grammar: Noun –pronoun agreement, subject – verb agreement
Vocabulary: Synonyms, antonyms
Letter: On saving Time by Seneca

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Krishna Swamy N., Modern English Grammar, MacMillan India Ltd.
2. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English,8th ed. Oxford: Oxford UP,2010
3. Bailey, Stephen, Academic Writing: A handbook for international students, Routledge, 2014
4. Chase, Becky Tarver, Pathways: Listening, Speaking and Critical Thinking, Heinley ELT; 2nd Edition,
2018

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Scheme andCredits
I Year-I Semester Basic Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 BSC-EC102: Engineering Mathematics – I 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 The course is designed to equip the students with necessary mathematical skills and techniquesthat are
essential for an engineering course.
 The skills derived from the course with help the students from a necessary base to develop analytic and
design concepts.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, student will able to:
 Solve linear differential equations of first, second and higher order.
 Calculate total derivative, Jocobian and Minima of function of two variables.
 Find the extreme values of functions of two variables with/without constraints.
 The fallouts of Rolle’s Theorem that is fundamental to application of analysis to engineering problems.
UNIT -I:
Differential Equations of first order and first degree:
Linear differential equations and Bernoulli’s differential equations , Exact equations, Equations reducible to
Exact from ,Orthogonal Trajectories: Cartesian
form-Polar form. Applications: Newton’s law of cooling, Law of natural growth and decay.
UNIT- II:
Linear Differential Equations of Higher Order
Non-Homogeneous equations of higher order with constant coefficients of R.H.S terms of the type
Polynomials in and Method of Variation of parameters; Equations
reducible to linear ODE with constant coefficients: Legendre’s equation, Cauchy-Euler equation.
UNIT- III:
Partial Differentiation:
Introduction, Partial Differentiation, Homogeneous functions, Euler’s Theorem; Total derivative, Chain Rule,
Jacobian, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s series expansion of function of two variables; Functional dependence &
independence. Applications: Maxima and minima of functions of two variables without constraints and
Lagrange’s method with constraints.
UNIT -IV:
Differential Calculus:
Mean ValueTheorems : Rolle’s Theorem, Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorem, Cauchy’s Mean Value Theorem,
Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s Theorems with Reminders, indeterminate forms and L’Hospital’s
Rule; ,and Forms reducible to Maxima and Minima.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dr. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna publishers, 44th Edition.
2. Dr. S.K.Vali, Dr.G.Venkata Rao, Engineering Mathematics- I, CengagePublications.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. N.P.Bali and Manish Goyal, A text book of Engineering Mathematics, Laxmi Publications,
Reprint,2008.
2. Ramana B.V., Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi, 11th Reprint,2010.
3. ErwinKreyszig,AdvancedEngineeringMathematics,9thEdition,JohnWiley&Sons,2006.
4. G.B.Thomas and R.L.Finney, Calculus and Analytic geometry, 9th Edition, Pearson, Reprint, 2002.
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Scheme andCredits
I Year-I Semester Basic Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 BSC-EC103: Engineering Physics 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To knowledge the designing of Electrical and Magnetic response of naturally abundant and artificially
made materials.
 To introduce basic concepts of Optical Interference, Diffraction and Polarization to design instruments
with higher resolution and apply the concepts of coherent sources, its realization and utility in optical
instrumentation, establishing a structure property relationship for materials.
 Convening the physics knowledge base in establishing a structure property relationship for materials and
to deeper understanding of vectorial concepts of EM fields paves the student to gear – up for a deeper
understanding.
 To Gain knowledge about structure of solids and crystal lattices of semiconductors. To Compare the
energies of the conduction bands and valence bands in metals, insulators, and semiconductors in
understanding the physics of electronic transport as underlying mechanism for appliances.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course the student is able to:
 Understand applications of optics using basic fundamentals of Physics and formulate and solve the
engineering problems on light and optics, Electromagnetism, wave mechanics.
 Explain the Modern Physics Concepts.
 Identify the appropriate solid state materials for engineering applications.
 Familiarize with Basic Elements of Quantum Theory and knowledge about dual nature of wave function,
Applications of Schrodinger wave equation, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Semiconductor
conductivity.
 Correlate Advanced Topics in Physics with Engineering Applications and Get acquainted with Current
Trends in Physics. Apply the knowledge of Solar PV cells for choice of materials in efficient alternate
energy generation.
UNIT -I:
Electro Magnetism and Magnetic materials: Introduction - Gauss and Stokes Theorems- Fundamental laws
of Electromagnetism: Gauss law of Electrostatics-Gauss law of magneto statics- Faraday’s law- Ampere’s law,
Modified form of Ampere’s law- Maxwell’s equations, Applications. Magnetic Permeability- Magnetization-
Origin of Magnetic moment- Classification of Magnetic materials-Dia,Para, Ferro, Antiferro and
Ferrimagnetic materials-Hysteresis curve, Applications.
UNIT- II:
Coherent waves and Optics in Communication: Interference: Introduction-Interference due to reflected
light rays - Newton’s rings expt - Michelson’s Interferometer. Diffraction: Fraunhofer Diffraction due to
single slit- The Rayleigh criterion for resolution- Diffraction gratings and their resolving power. Polarization
and Geometric properties: reflection and refraction, Brewster’sangle, Maluslaw, Double refraction, Nicol
Prism and Total internal reflection. LASERS: Introduction- Coherence, Principle and working of Laser,
Properties of laser beams, amplification of light by population inversion, different types of lasers: gas lasers
(He-Ne), solid-state lasers(ruby), Applications of lasers in science, engineering and medicine. Fiber Optics:
Introduction-Principle of Optical fibre, Acceptance angle, Acceptance cone, Numerical aperture, Block
diagram of Optical fiber communication. Applications of optical fibres

UNIT -III:
Wave nature of particles and the Schrodinger’s equation: Quantum Mechanics: Introduction to Quantum
Mechanics-Wave nature of particles, de- Broglie’shypothesis-Time-dependentandtime independent
Scrodinger’s wave equations for wave function, Particle in a one- dimensionalbox.
Band Theory of Solids: Free electron theory of metals- Fermi level- Density of states- Bloch’ theorem for
particles in periodic potential, Kronig- Penney Model - origin of energy bands in solids.
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UNIT -IV:
Semiconductor physics: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors- Carrier concentrations- equation of
conductivity- Drift and Diffusion currents, Hall Effect P-N junction diode-Diode Current Equation, LED:
device structure, materials, characteristics, and figures of merit. Photo diode, Solar cell.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Physicsby David Halliday and Robert Resnick–Part I and PartII- Wiley Halliday and Resnick, Physics
2. AtextbookofEngineeringPhysicsbyM.N.AvadhanuluandP.G.Kshirasagar(S.ChandPublic ations)
3. Solid State Physics by A.J. Dekker ( Mc Millan IndiaLtd).
4. Engineering Physics by M.R. Srinivasan ( New age International Publishers)
5. Electronic Devices and Circuits-Millman Halkias.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-I Semester Engineering Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 ESC-EC104: Engineering Graphics 1 0 4 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To provide basic concepts in engineering drawing.
 To impart knowledge about standard principles of orthographic projection of objects.
 To draw sectional views and pictorial views of solids.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
 Preparing working drawings to communicate the ideas and information.
 Read, understand and interpret engineering drawings.

UNIT -I:
Introduction: Lines, Lettering and Dimensioning.
Polygons: Constructing regular polygons by general methods, inscribing and describing polygons on circles.
Curves: Parabola, Ellipse and Hyperbola by general and special methods, tangents & normal for the curves.

UNIT -II:
Scales: Plain scales, diagonal scales and vernier scales
Orthographic Projections: Horizontal plane, vertical plane, profile plane, importance of reference lines,
projections of points in various quadrants, projections of lines, lines parallel either two of the reference planes
(HP,VP or PP).

UNIT - III:
Projections of Straight Lines: Projections of straight lines inclined to both the planes, determination of true
lengths, angle of inclination and traces- HT, VT
Projections of Planes: Regular planes perpendicular/parallel to one plane and inclined to the other reference
plane; inclined to both the reference planes.

UNIT -IV:
Projections of Solids: Projections of Solids – Prisms, Pyramids, Cones and Cylinders with the axis inclined to
one of the planes.
Isometric Views: Introduction to Isometric projection, Isometric scale and Isometric view. Isometric views of
simple planes. Isometric view of Prisms, Pyramids, cylinder and cone. Isometric view of an object when
projections are given.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Elementary Engineering Drawing by N.D.Bhatt, Charotar Publishing House.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Engineering Drawing by K.L.Narayana & P. Kannaiah, Scitech Publishers.
2. Engineering Drawing 2nd Edition– K .Venugopal, V. Prabhu Raja, New Age.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-I Semester Engineering Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 ESC-EC105: Basics of Electrical Engineering 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To learn the basic principles of electrical law’s and analysis of networks.
 To understand the principle of operation and construction details of transformer.
 To understand the principle of operation and construction details of DC machines.
 To understand the principle of operation and construction details of alternator and 3- Phase induction
motor.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student can able to:
 Understand to analyse the various electrical networks.
 Understand to analyse the performance of transformer.
 Understand the operation of DC generator, DC Motor, 3-point starter and Speed control methods.
 Understand to explain the operation of 3-phase alternator and 3-phase induction motors.

UNIT -I:
Basic Electrical circuit elements (R, L and C), voltage and current sources, Ohm’s Law, Kirchoff current and
voltage laws, solution of star-delta circuits, analysis of simple circuits with dc excitation, Representation of
sinusoidal waveforms, peak and rms values, phasor representation, real power, reactive power, apparent
power, power factor. Analysis of singlephase ac circuits consisting of R, L, C, RL, RC.

UNIT -II:
TRANSFORMERS: Magnetic materials, ideal and practical transformer, Constructional Details, EMF
Equation, Equivalent Circuit, Voltage Regulation, Losses and Efficiency, Auto – Transformers, three phase
transformer, Open/Short – Circuit Tests and Determination of Efficiency and Regulation.

UNIT - III:
DC MACHINES: Constructional Features, Function of Commutator, Induced EMF and Torque Expressions,
Relationship Between Terminal Voltage and Induced EMF for Generator and Motoring Action, Different
Types of Excitation and Performance Characteristics of Different Types of DC Machines, Starting and Speed
Control of DC Motors, Losses and Efficiency, Efficiency by Direct Loading, Swinburne’s Test and Hopkin’s
Test, Applications of DC Machines.

UNIT- IV:
THREE – PHASE INDUCTION MACHINES: Construction, Rotating Magnetic Field and 3ph Induction
Motor, Power Flow Diagram, Torque and Torque-slip Characteristics, Condition for Max. Torque and its
Value, Starting and Speed Control, Losses and Efficiency.
THREE – PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES: Generation of EMF, Constructional Details, Induced
EMF, Synchronous Generator on No – Load and Load, Synchronous Impedance and Voltage Regulation.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. BL Theraja, and AK Theraja, Textbook of Electrical Technology Volume I –, S. Chand & Co.
2. J. Nagrath, Basic Electrical Engineering, TMH Publishing Co. Ltd.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Electrical Machines, S. K. Bhattacharya, TMH Publications N. Delhi.
2. A First Course In Electrical Engineering, S. M. Tiwari, A. S. Binsaroor, Wheeler Publications.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-I Semester Laboratory Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC106: Engineering Physics Lab 0 0 3 1.5
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To be highly skilled, interdisciplinary professionals who can identify and solve engineering problems
from unusually broad physical perspectives.
 To be able to use engineering and communications skills in other areas such as research, consulting, law,
medicine, business, public policy, etc.
 To engage vigorously in further studies in interdisciplinary graduate programs and a wide variety of other
lifelong learning opportunities.
 To pursue careers that in corporate ethical and professional responsibility, as well as good citizenship.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the laboratory session the student acquires
 An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering.
 An ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data.
 An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints.
 An ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems.
 An ability to communicate effectively.
 a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning.

List of Experiments
1. Determination of Radius of Curvature of a given Convex Lens By forming Newton’s Rings.
2. Determination of Wavelength of Spectral Lines in the Mercury Spectrum by Normal Incidence method.
3. Study the Intensity Variation of the Magnetic Field along axis of Current Carrying
4. Circular Coil.
5. Determination of Refractive Index of Ordinary ray µo and Extraordinary µe ray.
6. Determination of Magnetic Moment and Horizontal Component of Earth’s Magnetic Field.
7. Melde’s Apparatus – Frequency of electrically maintained Tuning Fork.
8. Photoelectric cell-Characteristics.
9. Laser- Diffraction.
10. Charecteristics of a Zener Diode.
11. Energy band gap of a semiconductor.
12. Determination of Acceleration due to gravity – Compound Pendulum
13. Carey Foster’s Bridge – Verification of laws of Resistance and Determination of Specific Resistance
14. Plank’s Constant
15. Compound Pendulum

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Engineering Physics by M.N. Avadhanulu & P.G.Kshirasagar; S.Chand &Company Ltd.
2. Modern Engineering Physics by A.S. Vadudeva.
3. University Physics by Young and Freedman.
4. Nonconventional Energy by Ashok V. Desai.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-I Semester Laboratory Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC107: Engineering Workshop Lab 0 0 3 1.5
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To Study of different hand operated power tools, uses and their demonstration.
 To gain a good basic working knowledge required for the production of various engineering products.
 To provide hands on experience about use of different engineering materials, tools, equipments and
processes those are common in the engineering field.
 To develop a right attitude, team working, precision and safety at work place.
 It explains the construction, function, use and application of different working tools, equipment and
machines.
 To study commonly used carpentry joints.
 To have practical exposure to various welding and joining processes.
 Identify and use marking out tools, hand tools, measuring equipment and to work to prescribed
tolerances.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
 Study and practice on machine tools and their operations.
 Practice on manufacturing of components using workshop trades including pluming, fitting, carpentry,
house wiring and welding.
 Identify and apply suitable tools for different trades of Engineering processes including drilling, material
removing, measuring, chiselling.

List of Experiments:
1) Carpentry
1. T-Lap Joint
2. Cross Lap Joint
3. Dovetail Joint
2) Fitting
1. V Fit
2. Square Fit
3) House Wiring
1. Parallel / Series Connection of three bulbs
2. Stair Case wiring
4) Tin Smithy
1. Cylinder
2. Square Tray
3. Open Scoop
5) Welding Shop
1. Lap Joint
2. Butt Joint

Note: At least two exercises to be done from each Experiment.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Elements of Workshop by Hajara Choudary-Vol-1

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-I Semester Laboratory Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC108: IT Workshop Lab 0 0 3 1.5
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Explain the internal parts of a computer, peripherals, I/O ports, connecting cables.
 Demonstrate basic command line interface commands on MSDOS.
 Demonstrate Office Tools such as Word processors, Spreadsheets and Presentation tools.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
By the end of the course, the student will be:
 Assemble and disassemble components of a PC.
 Installing an Operating System such as Windows on Computer hardware.
 Internet Accessing and Working with Office tools.

Computer Hardware:
Experiment 1: Identification of peripherals of a PC, Laptop, Server and Smart Phones
Experiment 2: Prepare a report containing the block diagram along with the configuration of each component
and its functionality, Input/ Output devices, I/O ports and interfaces, main memory, cache memory and
secondary storage technologies, digital storage basics, networking components and speeds.
Operating Systems:
Experiment 3: Operating System installation: Installing an Operating System such as Windows on Computer
hardware.
Experiment 4: MSDOS Operating System commands: Internal Commands: chdir, cls, path, prompt, label, ver,
vol, echo, set.
Experiment 5: External Commands: scandisk, discopy, diskcomp, format, backup, restore
Introduction of Internet:
Experiment 6: Web Browsers, Searching and Surfing, Creating an E-Mail account, sending and receiving E-
Mails.
Office Tools:
Experiment 7: Office Tools: Demonstration and practice on Microsoft Word
Experiment 8: Demonstration and practice on Microsoft Excel.
Experiment 9: Demonstration and practice on Power Point
Experiment 10: Demonstration and practice on LaTeX and produce professional pdf documents.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computer Fundamentals, Anita Goel, Pearson Education, 2017.
2. PC Hardware Trouble Shooting Made Easy, TMH.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-I Semester Mandatory Course (AICTE suggested)
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 MC-EC109: Environmental Science 2 0 0 0
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Understand and define terminology commonly used in environmental science.
 Briefly summarize and describe global, regional, and landscape scale environmental processes and
Systems.
 Students will be able to list common and adverse human impacts on biotic communities, soil, water and
air quality and suggest sustainable strategies to mitigate these impacts.
 Students will be able to read, critically evaluate presented information and data using scientific.
 principles and concepts, synthesize popular media reports/articles discussing environmental issues and
verbally discuss and defend their Introduction to Environmental Science , interdisciplinary perspective.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Getting more knowledge on the concepts and methods from ecological and physical sciences and their
application in environmental problem solving.
 Master core concepts and methods from economic, political, and social analysis as they pertain to the
design and evaluation of environmental policies and institutions.
 Appreciate the ethical, cross-cultural, and historical context of environmental issues and the links between
human and natural systems.
 Understand the transnational character of environmental problems and ways of addressing them,
including interactions across local to global scales.
 Apply systems concepts and methodologies to analyze and understand interactions between social and
environmental processes.
UNIT -I:
Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope and Importance – Sustainability:
Stockholm and Rio Summit–Global Environmental Challenges: Global warming and climate change, acid
rains, ozone layer depletion, population growth and explosion, effects. Role of information Technology in
Environment and human health.
Ecosystems: Concept of an ecosystem. - Structure and function of an ecosystem. - Producers, consumers and
decomposers. - Energy flow in the ecosystem - Ecological succession. - Food chains, food webs and
ecological pyramids. - Types, characteristic features, structure and function of Forest ecosystem, Grassland
ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic ecosystems.

UNIT -II:
Natural Resources: Natural resources and associated problems, Forest resources: Use and over –
exploitation, deforestation – Timber extraction – Mining, dams and other effects on forest and tribal people,
Water resources: Use and over utilization of surface and ground water – Floods, drought, conflicts over
water, dams – benefits and problems. Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of
extracting and using mineral resources. Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by non-
agriculture activities-effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity.
Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-renewable energy sources use of alternate
energy sources. Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, Wasteland reclamation, man induced
landslides, soil erosion and desertification. Individual’s role in conservation of natural resources.

UNIT -III:
Biodiversity and its conservation: Definition & classification: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity-
classification - Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, Biodiversity at national and local
levels. India as a mega-diversity nation - Hot-sports of biodiversity, Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, man-
wildlife conflicts. - Endangered and endemic species of India – Conservation of biodiversity: conservation of
biodiversity.

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UNIT -IV:
Social Issues and the Environment: Urban problems related to energy - Water conservation, rain water
harvesting-Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns. Environmental ethics: Issues
and possible Solutions. Public awareness.
Environmental Management: Impact Assessment and its significance various stages of EIA, preparation of
EMP and EIS, Environmental audit. Ecotourism.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Environmental Studies by R. Rajagopalan, 2nd Edition, 2011, Oxford University Press.
2. A Textbook of Environmental Studies by Shaashi Chawla, TMH, New Delhi.
3. Environmental Studies by P.N. Palanisamy, P. Manikandan, A. Geetha, and K. Manjula Rani; Pearson
Education, Chennai.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Environmental Studies by Deeshita Dave & P. Udaya Bhaskar, Cengage Learning.
2. Environmental Studies by K.V.S.G. Murali Krishna, VGS Publishers, Vijayawada.

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

I B. Tech II Semester (II Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks

Total
CourseCode Title of the Course Marks Credits
L T P Internal External

HSMC-EC201 English-II 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC-EC202 Engineering Mathematics-II 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC-EC203 Engineering Chemistry 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

ESC-EC204 Programming for 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

Problem Solving
ESC-EC205 Electronic Devices and Circuits 1 0 4 25 75 100 3
English Communication Skills
LC-EC206 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Lab
LC-EC207 Engineering Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Programing for
LC-EC208 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Problem Solving Lab
Professional Ethics and Human
MC-EC209 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Values
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 13 300 600 900 19.5

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Humanities and Social Science including Scheme and Credits

I Year-II Semester
ManagementCourses L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 HSMC-EC201: English II 3 0 0 3
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The syllabus is intended to enhance the communication skills of the students in the mode of Activity Based
Language Teaching and Learning. The syllabus is designed to impart not just grammatical knowledge but also
provide a platform for developing communication skills through activity and interaction so as to enable the
learner to become proficient in all aspects of English Language that is Listening, Speaking, Reading and
Writing.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To encourage the all round development of students by focusing on communication skills.
 To develop and nurture the Language skills of the students through individual and group activities.
 To develop an understanding of style in various texts.
 To develop necessary writing skills among students.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Understand basic grammar principles and be able to synthesize and transform sentences.
 Understand the processes at work behind word formation in English thereby leading to better use of
vocabulary in speech and written modes.
 Develop effective writing skills for academic and professional purposes. Compose and present a specific
topic using necessary aids.
 Interpret implicit and explicit meaning of a text while reading.

UNIT- I:
Listening: Listening for presentation strategies
Speaking: Formal presentation using PPT (without graphic elements)
Reading: Reading for presenting – strategies to select, compile and synthesize information for presentation.
Writing: Paraphrasing; using quotations in writing; using academic style; using suitable claims, examples and
evidence for presenting views, opinion and position
Grammar: Phrasal Verbs, Phrasal prepositions
Vocabulary: Standard abbreviations
Novel: Time Machine by H.G. Wells

UNIT -II:
Listening: Following an argument/ logical flow of thought, understanding spoken discourse
Speaking: Group Discussion – agreeing or disagreeing using claims.
Reading: Understand formal and informal styles; differentiate between facts and opinions
Writing: Formal letter writing and e-mail writing, Writing one’s CV/ Resume and cover letter
Grammar: Transformation of sentences
Vocabulary: Language for different functions – stating a point, expressing opinion, agreeing/ disagreeing
Drama: Hayavadana (ACT II) by Girish Karnad.

UNIT -III:
Listening: Identifying views and opinions expressed by different speakers while listening to discussions
Speaking: Group discussion – reaching consensus in group work (academic context)
Reading: Identifying claims, evidences, views, opinions and stance/ position
Writing: Writing reports, articles, minutes of meetings, event reports
Grammar: Active and Passive voice – use of passive verbs in academic writing
Vocabulary: Language for different functions II – Interrupting, defying and clarifying
Autobiography: Wings of Fire by Abdul Kalam

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UNIT -IV:
Listening: Understanding inferences; processing of information using specific context clues and processing of
explicit and implicit information inferable from the text or from previous/ background knowledge.
Speaking: Formal team presentations using PPT
Reading: Reading for inferential comprehension and implicit information
Writing: Structure and contents of a project report; identifying sections in project report; understanding the
purpose of each section; significance of references
Grammar: Direct and indirect speech, reporting verbs
Vocabulary: Indianisms
Essay: Of Friendship by Francis Bacon.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Krishna Swamy N., Modern English Grammar, MacMillan India Ltd.
2. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English,8th ed. Oxford: Oxford UP,2010.
3. Skillful Level 2 Reading and Writing Student’s Book Pack (B1) Macmillan Educational.
4. William Zinsser, On Writing Well, Harper Resource Book, 2001

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-II Semester Basic Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 BSC-EC202: Engineering Mathematics – II 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 The course is designed to equip the students with necessary mathematical skills and techniques that are
essential for an engineering course.
 The skills derived from the course with help the students from a necessary base to develop analytic and
design concepts.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, student will able to:
 Determine rank, Eigen values and Eigen vectors of a given matrix and solve simultaneous linear
equations, numerically using various matrix methods.
 Determine double integral over a region and triple integral over avolume.
 To apply differential and integral calculus to notions of curvature and to improper integrals.
 Evaluate the improper integrals using Beta and Gamma function. Apart from some other applications they
will have a basic understanding of Beta and Gamma functions.
 Calculate gradient of a scalar function, divergence and curl of a vector function.
 Determine line, surface and volume integrals. Apply Greens, Stokes and Gauss divergence theorems to
calculate line, surface and volume integrals.
UNIT -I:
Matrices: Rank of matrix–Echelon form–Normal form- Normal form of the type PAQ, Solution of linear
system of equations - Gauss Elimination, Gauss – Jordan and Gauss – Seidel Methods, Consistency and
Inconsistency of linear system of equations.
Eigen Values – Eigen Vectors and Quadratic forms: Eigen values and Eigen Vectors, Properties of Eigen
values (without Proof), Cayley- Hamilton theorem (without proof), Diagonalization, Quadratic form, reduction
of Quadratic forms to canonical form by Orthogonalisation and Diagonalisation, Nature of a quadratic form.
UNIT -II:
Multiple Integrals: Evalution of Double integrals; change of order of integration- change of variables;
Evalution of tripleintegrals -change of order of integration- change of variables.
Applications: Finding, areas and volumes.
UNIT- III:
Special Functions: Beta and Gamma functions- Properties - Relation between Beta and Gamma functions-
Evaluation of improper integrals by using Beta and Gamma functions.
Applications: Evaluation of integrals by using Beta and Gamma functions.
UNIT-IV:
Vector Calculus:Vector Differentiation: Scalar and Vector Point Functions Gradient- Directional
Derivatives, Divergence- Curl - Laplacian and second order operators -Vector identities.
Applications: Equation of continuity, potential surfaces.
Vector Integration: Line integral – Work done – Surface and volume integrals, Greens, Stokes and Gauss
Divergence theorems (without proof) and related problems. Applications: Work done, Force.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dr. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers.
2. Dr. G.Venkata Rao, Dr.A.V.Papa Rao, Engineering Mathematics – III, Cengage Publications.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Greenberg, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2nd edition, Pearson Education.
2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-India.
3. Peter O’Neil, Advanced Engineering Mathematics,7th edition, Cengage Learning.
4. Dass H.K., Rajnish Verma. Er, Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.
5. N.P.Bali, Engineering Mathematics, Lakshmi Publications.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-II Semester Basic Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 BSC-EC203: Engineering Chemistry 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The purpose of this course is to emphasize the relevance of fundamentals of chemical sciences in the field of
engineering and to provide basic knowledge polymers, electrochemistry, batteries, corrosion and the role of
water as an engineering material in domestic-industrial use.
 This course will also impart the knowledge of stereochemistry, understanding the chemical reaction
pathway mechanisms.
 To enhance the thinking capabilities in the modern trends in Engineering & Technology.
 This is the basic source to design a new material as well as utilizing the available resources.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
The concepts developed in this course will aid in quantification of several concepts in chemistry that have
been introduced at the 10+2 levels in schools.
 Usage of plastics not only in household appliances and also used as composites in automotiveindustries,
bio plastic in surgeries. The students able to design FRP, Biodegradable polymers and Usage of
conducting polymers as battery cells .
 Creating awareness on problems created by corrosion of metals and The students able to construct the
Electro chemical cell and develop different types of battery cells like organic, inorganic, fuel cells.
 The course will enable the student to: The impurities present in raw water, problems associated with hard
water in industries and how to avoid them are understood. The students would be aware of different types
of sterilization methods to get the drinking water.
 The students would be able to design, develop advanced engineering materials like Nano materials.
UNIT -I:
High Polymers: Definition -Types of Polymerization (Addition & Condensation) – Mechanisms-Stereo
Polymers – Physical and Mechanical properties of polymers .
Plastics : Thermo plastics and Thermo setting plastics – Compounding and Fabrication of plastics –
preparation and properties of Polyethylene, PVC and Bakelite .
Elastomers: Rubber, Natural Rubber and Elastomers – Vulcanization – Styrene butadiene rubber-Thiokol
rubber – applications - Fiber reinforced plastics – Biodegradable polymers – Conducting polymers.

UNIT -II:
Corrosion: Causes and effects of corrosion – theories of corrosion (dry/ chemical and wet / electrochemical
corrosion) – Factors effecting corrosion – Corrosion control methods – Cathode protection – Sacrificial
Anodic, Impressed current methods – Surface coating – Methods of application on metals (Hot dipping,
Galvanizing, tinning, Cladding, Electroplating, Electro less plating)
Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic functions: energy, entropy and free energy. Free energy and emf.
Electrode potentials - Nernst equation and applications. Galvanic cells - Electrochemical series- Primary,
Secondary and Fuel Cells.

UNIT -III:
Fuels:Coal – Proximate and ultimate analysis – Numerical problems based on analysis –Calorific value (
Bomb Calorimeter) – HCV and LVC - Refining – Cracking – Petrol – Diesel – Octane and Cetane numbers -
Knocking and anti-knocking, Synthetic Petrol - Fisher-Tropsh Method.
Types of Organic reactions:Introduction to reactions involving substitution, addition, elimination, oxidation,
reduction, cyclization and ring openings.
Introduction to Stereo chemistry: Structural isomers and stereoisomers, configurations and symmetry and
chirality, enantiomers, diastereomers, optical activity.

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UNIT -IV:
Water Technology:Determination of hardness of water by EDTA method – Potable water – Municipal water
treatment - Sterilization and Disinfection – Boiler feed water – Boiler troubles – Priming and foaming, scale
and sludge formation, corrosion, caustic embrittlement, turbine deposits.Desalination of brakish water -
Reverse osmosis and Electro Dialysis.
Nanotechnology: Nanomaterials– Properties of nanomaterials –Engineering applications

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Jain and Jain (Latest Edition), Engineering Chemistry, DhanpatRai Publishing company Ltd.,
2. N. Y. S. Murthy, “A Text Book of Engineering Chemistry” Maruthi Publications.
3. C. Parameswara Murthy Text Book of Engineering Chemistry, B. S. Publications.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-II Semester Engineering Science Course
L T P C
ESC-EC204: Programming for Problem
Internal:25 External:75 Solving 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The course is designed to provide complete knowledge of programming languages. Students will be able to
develop logics which will help them to create programs, applications in C. Also by learning the basic
programming constructs they can easily switch over to any other language in future.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 After the completion of this course, the students will be able to develop applications.
 Write programs that perform operations using derived data types.
 Design, implement, test, debug, and document programs in C.
 Program with pointers and arrays, perform pointer arithmetic, and use the preprocessor.
 Program low-level input and output routines in C.
 Understand how to write and use functions, how the stack is used to implement function calls, and
parameter passing options.
 Write programs that perform explicit memory management.
 Understand and use the common data structures typically found in C programs —namely arrays, strings,
lists.
UNIT- I:
Introduction to C: Basic Structure of C Program, Constants, Variables and data types,Operators and
expressions, Arithmetic precedence and associativity, Type Conversions. Managing Input and Output
Operations, Formatted Input and Output statements. Decision making, Branching, looping: Decision making
with if statement ,Simple if statement, The if....else statement, Nesting of if......else statement, the else.......if
ladder, switch statement ,the (?:) operator, the GOTO statement, The while statement ,the do statement, the for
statement , Jumps in Loops. Examples on Decision making, Branching,
Looping.
UNIT -II:
Arrays and strings : One, Two-dimensional Arrays, Character Arrays .Declaration and initialization of
Strings, reading and writing of strings, String handling functions, Table of
strings,Sparsematrices,Storageclasses&C-preprocessors.ExamplesonArrays&strings.

UNIT- III:
Functions: Definition of Functions, Return Values and their types, Function Calls, Function Declaration,
Category of Functions: No Arguments and no Return Values, Arguments but no Return values, Arguments
with Return values, No Argument but Returns a Value, Functions that return Multiple Values .Nesting of
functions,recursion,passingarraysto,functions,passingstringstofunctions,Thescope,visibility and life time of
variables. Pointers: Accessing the address of a variable, declaring pointer variables ,initializing of pointer
variables, accessing variables using pointers, chain of pointers, pointer expressions, pointers and arrays,
pointers and character strings, array of pointers, pointers as function arguments, functions returning pointers ,
pointers to functions, pointers to structures, Memory allocations in C -program Applications
UNIT- IV:
Structure and Unions: Defining a structure, declaring structure variables, accessing structure members ,
structure initialization, copying and comparing structure variables, arrays of structures, structures within
structures, structures and functions and unions, size of structures and bit-fields –program applications. File
Handling: Defining and opening a file, closing a file, Input /Output operations on files, Error Handling during
I/O operations, random access to files and command Line Arguments program Applications.
TEXT BOOKS:

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1. C & Data Structures (A practical approach) - by G.S. Baluja and G.K.baluja, Dhanapatrai & Co
publishers

Scheme andCredits
I Year-II Semester Engineering Science Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 ESC-EC205: Electronic Devices and Circuits 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 Study the physical phenomena such as conduction, transport mechanism and electrical characteristics of
different diodes.
 To learn and understand the application of diodes as rectifiers with their operation and characteristics with
and without filters are discussed.
 Acquire knowledge about the principle of working and operation of
 Bipolar Junction Transistor and Field Effect Transistor and their characteristics.
 To learn and understand the purpose of transistor biasing and itssignificance.
 Small signal equivalent circuit analysis of BJT and FET transistor amplifiers and compare different
configurations.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Understand the formation of p-n junction and how it can be used as a pn junction as diode in different
modes of operation.
 Know the construction, working principle of rectifiers with and without filters with relevant expressions
and necessary comparisons.
 Understand the principle of operation of transistors, BJT and FET with their V-I characteristics in
different configurations and stabilization.
 Perform the analysis of small signal low frequency transistor amplifier circuits using BJT and FET in
different configurations.
 Understand the concepts of feedback amplifiers and its applications.
UNIT -I:
JUNCTION DIODE CHARACTERISTICS: energy band diagram of PN junction Diode, Open circuited
PN junction, Biased pn junction, pn junction diode, current components in PN junction Diode, diode equation,
V- I Characteristics, temperature dependence on V-I characteristics, Diode resistance, Diode capacitance.
Zener Diode, Breakdown mechanisms, Zener diode applications, LED, Varactor Diode, Photodiode, Tunnel
Diode, UJT, PN-PN Diode, SCR. Construction, operation and VIcharacteristics
RECTIFIERS AND FILTERS: Basic Rectifier setup, half wave rectifier, full wave rectifier, bridge
rectifier, derivations of characteristics of rectifiers, rectifier circuits-operation, input and output waveforms,
Filters, Inductor filter (Series inductor), Capacitor filter (Stunt inductor), π-Filter, comparison of various filter
circuits in terms of ripplefactors.
UNIT -II:
BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR (BJT): Bipolar Junction transistors NPN and PNP transistors,
current components, transistor equation, V-I Characteristics of BJT, transistor configurations (CBCE,
CC), Transistor as an amplifier.
BIASING AND STABILIZATION: Need for biasing, operating point, load line analysis, BJT biasing-
methods, basic stability, Stabilization against variations in VBE, IC, and β, Stability factors, Bias
compensation, Thermal runaway, Thermal stability.
JFET: JFET and its characteristics, Pinch off Voltage, Drain Saturation Current, JFET biasing, MOSFET –
Enhancement and Depletion Modes, Small signal models of FET.

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UNIT -III:
SMALL SIGNAL – LOW FREQUENCY TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER CIRCUITS: Transistor as an
Amplifier, h – parameter model, Analysis of Transistor Amplifier Circuits using h – parameters, CB, CE and
CC Amplifier configurations and performance factors, Analysis of Single Stage Amplifier ,R C Coupled
Amplifiers, Frequency Response of CE Amplifier.

FET: Generalized analysis of small signal model, Analysis of CG, CS and CD amplifiers, comparison of FET
amplifiers

UNIT- IV:
FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS: Principle and Concept of Feedback, Types of Feedback, Classification of
Feedback Amplifiers, Feedback Topologies,
OSCILLATORS: Introduction, Principle and Condition for Oscillator, RC –Phase shift and Wein Bridge
Oscillators using BJT/FET with Analysis, Colpitts and Hartley Oscillators with analysis, Crystal Oscillator.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Electronic Devices and Circuits- J. Millman, C. Halkias, Tata Mc-Graw Hill,4thEdition,2010.
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits-K. Lal Kishore, BS Publications,FourthEdition,2016.
3. Integrated Electronics-Jacob Millman, C. Halkies, C.D.Parikh, Tata Mc-Graw Hill,2009.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Electronic Devices and Circuits, R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Pearson Publications, 9th
Edition,2009.
2. Salivahanan, Kumar, Vallavaraj, “Electronic Devices and Circuits”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, Second Edition.
Electronic Devices and Circuits- BV Rao, KBR Murty, K Raja Rajeswari, PCR Pantulu,Pearson, 2nd
edition.

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-II Semester Laboratory Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC206: English Communication Skills Lab 0 0 3 1.5

LABORATORY OUTCOMES:
The English Communication Skills Lab is designed to assist the English theory curriculum.
The students will learn:
 Learn and practice accurate pronunciation.
 Learn phonetic symbols through visual and audio aids.
 Use the lab as a platform for group discussions and mock interviews.

List of Experiments:
1. Letters and sounds of English:
Letters and sounds, Speech organs
2. Interaction I:
Greeting and Taking leave, introducing oneself to others
3. The sounds of English:
Consonants, consonant clusters and Vowels
4. Pronouncing words:
Silent letters, plural markers and past tense markers
5. Interaction II:
Making request and response, ask for and give/ refuse permission
6. Stress and Intonation
7. Interaction III:
Invite, accept and declining invitations, Make complaints and respond to them, express sympathy
8. Presentation skills:
Oral and PPT Presentations
9. Interaction IV:
Apologize and respond, advice and suggest, telephone skills
10. Group Discussions

List of Augmented Experiments:

1. Common errors in English
2. Listening Skills
3. Writing Skills
4. Reading Skills
5. Public Speaking
6. Interview Skills
7. Business Communication
8. Functional English
9. Preparation for GRE/ TOEFL
10. Preparation for IELTS/ CAT/ GMAT
*Student will have to choose and perform one of the Augmented Experiments

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Scheme and Credits

I Year-II Semester Laboratory Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC207: Engineering Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 1.5

LABORATORY OUTCOMES:
The chemistry laboratory course will consist of experiments illustrating the principles of chemistry relevant to
the study of science and engineering.

The students will learn to:

 Estimate rate constants of reactions from concentration of reactants/products as a function of time.
 Measure molecular/system properties such as surface tension, viscosity,Conductance of solutions,
hardness of water, etc.
 Synthesize a small polymer molecule.
List of Experiments:
1. Determination of Sodium Hydroxide with HCl (Na2CO3 Primary Standard)
2. Determination of Fe(II)/Mohr’s Salt by Permanganometry
3. Determination of Oxalic Acid by Permanganometry
4. Determination of Hardness of Water sample by EDTA method
5. Determination of Chromium (VI) by Mohr’s Salt Solution
6. Conductometric Titration between Strong Acid and Strong Base
7. Conductometric Titration between Strong Acid and weak Base
8. Determination of Surface tension of Lubricants
9. Determination of Viscosity of Lubricants
10. Preparation of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis – V – Edition – Longman.
2. Experiments in Applied Chemistry (For Engineering Students) – Sinita Rattan – S. K. Kataria&Sons,
New Delhi.

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Scheme andCredits
I Year-II Semester Laboratory Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC208: Programming for Problem Solving Lab 0 0 3 1.5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The course is designed to provide complete knowledge of programming languages. Students will be able to
develop logics which will help them to create programs, applications in C. Also by learning the basic
programming constructs they can easily switch over to any other language in future.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After Completion of the course student should able to:
 Know concepts in problem solving.
 To do programming in C language.
 To write diversified solutions using C language.
 Understand functions in C++ programming.

LIST OF PROGRAMS:
1. a)Write a program to find area of triangle.
b) Write a program to find largest of three numbers.
2. a) Write a program to find swapping of two variables.
b) Write a program to find arithmetic operations by using Switch statement.
3. a) Write a program to find given number is Palindrome or not.
b) Write a program to find given number is Armstrong or not.
4. a) Write a program to generate pascal triangle.
b) Write a program to generate pyramid triangle.
5. Write a program to generate the patterns using nested for loops:
1. i. * 2) 1 3) 1 4) A B C D
i.** 12 23 ABC
ii. * * * 123 456 AB
iii. * * * * 1234 7 8 9 10 A

6. a) Write a program to implement accessing array elements.

b) Write a program to implement insert element into an array.
c) Write a program to implement delete element from the array.
7. a) Write a program to find smallest and largest element in an array.
b) Write a program to implement addition of two matrices.
8. Write a program to implement multiplication of two matrices.
9. Write a program that manipulates string handling functions .
10. a) Write a program to find swapping of two numbers using functions.
b) Write a program to generate problems to function arguments.
11. Write a program to accessing the student information using arrays of structures.
12. Write a program to implement structure within a structure concept.
13. Write a program to implement file handling functions.

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Scheme andCredits
I Year-II Semester Mandatory Course (AICTE suggested)
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 MC-EC209: Professional Ethics and Human Values 2 0 0 0

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To lay a strong foundation in value-based living
 To create awareness in students towards realizing self and the effect of right understanding.
 To inculcate in students, a sense of respect towards harnessing values of life and spirit of fulfilling social
responsibilities.
 To enable students to lead a practical life adding value to human relations.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 The students start exploring themselves; get comfortable to each other and to the teacher and start finding
the need and relevance for the course.
 The students start finding out that technical education with study of human values can generate more
problems than solutions.
 They also start feeling that lack of understanding of human values is the root cause of all the problems
and the sustained solution could emerge only through understanding of human values and value-based
living. Any solutions brought out through fear, temptation or dogma will not be sustainable.
 The students are able to see that their practice in living is not in harmony with their natural acceptance at
most of the time, and all they need to do is to refer to their natural acceptance to remove this disharmony.
 The students become aware of their activities of “I” and start finding their focus of attention at different
moments.
UNIT -I:
Ethics and Human Values: Understanding Value Education: Need for Value Education, Content of Value
Education; Process of Value Education. Self-Exploration as the Process for Value Education: Introspection;
Process of Self Exploration. Ethics: Ethical Vision and Ethical Decisions Human Values: Classification of
Values and Universality of Values .
UNIT -II:
Engineering Ethics: Nature of Engineering Ethics, Profession and Professionalism, Professional EthicsCode of
Ethics, Sample codes- IEEE, ASCE, ASME and CSI. Engineering as Social Experimentation; Engineering
Professionals – Life Skills. Engineers as Managers, Consultants and Leaders; Role of Engineers in promoting
ethical climate
UNIT -III:
Safety Social Responsibility and Rights: Safety and Risk, Moral Responsibility of Engineers for safety. Case
Studies: Bhopal Gas Tragedy, Chernobyl disaster, Fukushima Nuclear disaster. Professional Rights; Gender
discrimination, Sexual harassment at work place. Balanced outlook on Law.
UNIT -IV:
Global Issues: Globalization and MNCs, Environmental Ethics. Computer Ethics; Cybercrimes. Ethical
Living; Concept of Harmony in Life

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Govindharajan, M., Natarajan, S. and Senthil Kumar, V.S., Engineering Ethics, Prentice Hall of India,
(PHI) Delhi, 2004.
2. Subramaniam, R., Professional Ethics, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2013.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Charles D, Fleddermann, Engineering Ethics, Pearson/ PHI, New Jersey 2004. (Indian Reprint)
2. Guar, R.R., Sangal, R., and Bagaria, G.P. A Foundation course in Human Values and Professional Ethics,
Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010.

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

II B. Tech I Semester (III Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks
Mathematics –III
BSC-EC301 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
BSC-EC302 Probability Theory and Stochastic
3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Processes
PCC-EC303 Signals and Systems 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Switching Theory and LogicDesign
PCC-EC304 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Electromagnetic field theory and
PCC-EC305
Transmission Lines 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Electronic Devices and CircuitsLab
LC-EC 306 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Switching Theory and Logic
LC-EC 307 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Design Lab
LC-EC 308 Electronic Workshop Practice Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

SDC-EC309 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2

Essence of Indian Traditional
MC-EC310
Knowledge 2 0 0 25 75 100 0

TOTAL CREDITS 18 0 11 350 650 1000 21.5

Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Basic Science courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 BSC-EC301: Mathematics –III 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES: To Learn

 To discuss various methods to the find roots of an equation.
 Analyse the Concept of finite differences and to estimate the value for the given data using interpolation.
 To Discuss the Concept, properties of Laplace transforms.
 Solving ordinary differential equations using Laplace transforms techniques.
 Differentiation and integration of complex valued functions.
 Analyze the valuation of integrals using Cauchy’s integral formula and Cauchy’s residue theorem.
 Expansion of complex functions using Taylor’s and Laurent’s series
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After learning the contents of this paper the student must be able to
 To Find the root of a given equation.
 To Estimate the value for the given data using interpolation.
 Use the Laplace transforms techniques for solving ODE’s.
 Analyze the complex function with reference to their analyticity, integration using Cauchy’s.
 analysis of integral and residue theorems.
 Taylor’s and Laurent’s series expansions of complex Function.
UNIT - I:
Numerical Methods: Solution of polynomial and transcendental equations – Bisection method, Regula-
Falsi method, Iteration Method and Newton- Raphson method (All theorems without proof).
Interpolation: Finite differences- forward differences- backward differences-central differences,
Interpolation using Newton’s forward and backward difference formulae. Central difference interpolation:
Gauss’s forward and backward formulae; Lagrange’s method of Interpolation (All theorems without
proof).
UNIT -II:
Laplace Transforms: Laplace Transform of standard functions; first shifting theorem; Laplace
transforms of functions when they are multiplied and divided by ‘t’. Laplace transforms of
derivatives and integrals of function; Evaluation of integrals by Laplace transforms; Laplace
transforms of Special functions- Unit step function, Dirac’s delta function, (All theorems without
proof).
Inverse Laplace transform by different methods, Convolution theorem (without Proof), solving
ordinary differential equations using Laplace Transforms.
UNIT -III:
Functions of a Complex Variable: Limit, Continuity and Differentiation of Complex functions.
Cauchy-Riemann equations Milne- Thomson methods, analytic functions, harmonic functions,
finding harmonic conjugate; elementary analytic functions (exponential, trigonometric, logarithm)
and their properties (All theorems without proof).

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UNIT -IV:
Complex Integration: Line integrals, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s Integral formula,Taylor’s series,
Laurent’s series; zeros of analytic functions, singularities, Poles and Residues, Cauchy Residue
theorem (All theorems without proof).
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dr. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna publishers, 43rd Edition.
th
2. Ramana B.V., Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi, 11 Reprint,
2010.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. N.P.Bali and Manish Goyal, A text book of Engineering Mathematics, Laxmi Publications,
Reprint, 2008.
2. Erwin kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
3. G.B.Thomas and R.L.Finney, Calculus and Analytic geometry, 9th Edition, Pearson, Reprint,
2002.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Basic Science Course
L T P C
BSC-EC302: Probability Theory and
Internal:25 External:75 3 1 0 3
Stochastic Processes

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To give students an introduction to elementary probability theory, in preparation to learn the
conceptsof statistical analysis, random variables and stochastic processes.
 To mathematically model the random phenomena with the help of probability theory Concepts.
 To introduce the important concepts of random variables and stochastic processes.
 To analyze the LTI systems with stationary random process as input.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 After completion of the course, the student will be able to
 Mathematically model the random phenomena and solve simple probabilistic problems.
 Identify different types of random variables and compute statistical averages of these random variables.
 Characterize the random processes in the time and frequency domains.
 Analyze the LTI systems with random inputs
UNIT-I:
PROBABILITY THEORY: Sample spaces, Events, Probability definition and Axioms, Mathematical model
of experiments, Probability as relative frequency, Joint and conditional probability, Properties of joint probability
and conditional probability, Total probability, Bayes’ theorem, Independent events: Two events and multiple
events, properties of independent events.
THE RANDOM VARIABLE: Introduction, Review of Probability Theory, Definition of a Random
Variable, Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable, Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random
Variables, Distribution and Density functions, Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential,
Rayleigh, Conditional Distribution, Conditional Density, Properties.
UNIT -II:
OPERATION ON ONE RANDOM VARIABLE - EXPECTATIONS: Introduction, Expected Value of a
Random Variable, Function of a Random Variable, Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance
and Skew, Chebychev’s Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of
a Random Variable: Monotonic Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable, Non-monotonic
Transformations of Continuous Random Variable
MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Properties of
Joint Distribution, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density, Statistical
Independence, Sum of Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit Theorem:
Unequal Distribution, Equal Distributions.
UNIT- III:
OPERATIONS ON MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central
Moments, Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N
Random Variables case, Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear Transformations of
Gaussian Random Variables.
RANDOM PROCESSES – TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS: The Random Process Concept,
Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Nondeterministic Processes, Distribution and Density
Functions,Concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence. First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-order
and Wide- Sense Stationarity, Nth -order and Strict-Sense Stationarity, Time Averages and Ergodicity,
Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, Cross Correlation Function and its Properties, Covariance
Functions, Gaussian Random Processes, Poisson Random Process
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UNIT -IV:
RANDOM PROCESSES - SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS: The Power Density Spectrum: Properties,
Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function, The Cross-Power Density
Spectrum, Properties, Relationship between Cross-Power Density Spectrum and Cross-Correlation Function.
LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH RANDOM INPUTS: Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System
Response – Convolution, Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response, Autocorrelation Function of
Response, Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and Output, Spectral Characteristics of System Response: Power
Density Spectrum of Response, Cross Power Density Spectra of Input and Output, Band pass, Band-Limited
andNarrowband Processes, Properties.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles, Peyton Z. Peebles, TMH, 4th Edition,2001.
2. Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Athanasios Papoulis and S. Unnikrisha,
PHI,4th Edition,2002.
3. Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal Processing, Henry Stark and
John W.Woods, Pearson Education, 3rdEdition,2001.

REFERANCE BOOKS:
1. Schaum's Outline of Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes,1997.
2. An Introduction to Random Signals and Communication Theory, B.P.Lathi, International
Textbook,1968.
3. Probability Theory and Random Processes, P. Ramesh Babu, McGrawHill,2015.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Professional Core Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC303 Signals and Systems 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are given below:
 To study about signals and systems.
 To analyze the spectral characteristics of signal using Fourier series and Fourier transforms.
 To understand the characteristics of systems.
 To introduce the concept of sampling process
 To know various transform techniques to analyze the signals and systems.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will able to:
 Differentiate the various classifications of signals and systems
 Analyze the frequency domain representation of signals using Fourier concepts
 Classify the systems based on their properties and determine the response of LTI Systems.
 Know the sampling process and various types of sampling techniques.
 Apply Laplace and z-transforms to analyze signals and Systems (continuous &discrete)

UNIT- I:
INTRODUCTION: Definition of Signals and Systems, Classification of Signals, Classification of Systems,
Operations on signals: time-shifting, time-scaling, amplitude shifting, amplitude-scaling. Problems on
classification and characteristics of Signals and Systems. Complex exponential and sinusoidal signals,
Singularity functions and related functions: impulse function, step function signum function and ramp function.
Analogy between vectors and signals, orthogonal signal space, Signal approximation using orthogonal functions,
mean square error, closed or complete set of orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in complex functions. Related
Problems.

UNIT –II:
FOURIER SERIES AND FOURIER TRANSFORM: Fourier series representation of continuous time
periodic signals, properties of Fourier series, Dirichlet’s conditions, Trigonometric Fourier series and
Exponential Fourier series, Relation between Trigonometric and Exponential Fourier series, Complex Fourier
spectrum. Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier transform of arbitrary signal, Fourier
transform of standard signals, Fourier transform of periodic signals, properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier
transforms involving impulse function and Signum function. Introduction to Hilbert Transform. Related
Problems.
SAMPLING THEOREM – For Band Limited Signals, impulse sampling, Natural and Flat Top Sampling,
Reconstruction of signal from its samples, effect of under sampling – Aliasing. Introduction to Band Pass
sampling, Related problems.

UNIT-III:
ANALYSIS OF LINEAR SYSTEMS: Introduction, Linear system, impulse response, Response of a linear
system, Linear time invariant (LTI) system, Linear time variant (LTV) system, Concept of convolution in time
domain and frequency domain, Graphical representation of convolution, Transfer function of a LTI system,
Related problems. Filter characteristics of linear systems. Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal
bandwidth, system bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Poly-Wiener criterion for
physical realization, relationship between bandwidth and rise time.

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UNIT –IV:
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS: Introduction, Concept of region of convergence (ROC) for Laplace transforms,
constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Properties of L. T’s, Inverse Laplace transform, Relation
between L. T’s, and F.T. of a signal. Laplace transform of certain signals using waveform synthesis.
Z–TRANSFORMS: Concept of Z- Transform of a discrete sequence. Region of convergence in Z-Transform,
constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Z Transform, properties of Z-transforms. Distinction
between Laplace, Fourier and Z transforms.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, BS Publications,2003.
2. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, PHI,2nd Edn,1997
3. Signals & Systems - Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley, 2ndEdition,2007
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Principles of Linear Systems and Signals – BP Lathi, Oxford University Press,2015
2. Signals and Systems – T K Rawat, Oxford University press,2011

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Professional Core Course
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC304 Switching Theory and Logic Design 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this course the student will able to:
 To solve a typical number base conversion and analyze new error coding techniques.
 Theorems and functions of Boolean algebra and behaviour of logic gates.
 To optimize logic gates for digital circuits using various techniques.
 Boolean function simplification using Karnaugh maps and Quine-McCluskey methods.
 To understand concepts of combinational circuits.
 To develop advanced sequential circuits.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
The main objectives of this course are given below:
 Classify different number systems and apply to generate various codes.
 Use the concept of Boolean algebra in minimization of switching functions.
 Design different types of combinational logic circuits.
 Apply knowledge of flip-flops in designing of Registers and counters.
 The operation and design methodology for synchronous sequential circuits.

UNIT -I:
REVIEW OF NUMBER SYSTEMS & CODES:
Representation of numbers of different radix, conversation from one radix to another radix, r-1’s
compliments and r’s compliments of signed members. Arithmetic Operation, Gray code ,4 bit codes; BCD,
Excess-3, 2421, 84-2-1 code etc. Error detection & correction codes: parity checking, even parity, odd
parity, Hamming code.
BOOLEAN THEOREMS AND LOGIC OPERATIONS:
Boolean theorems, principle of complementation & duality, De-Morgan theorems. Logic operations;
Basic logic operations -NOT, OR, AND, Universal Logic operations, EX-OR, EX- NOR operations.
Standard SOP and POS Forms, NAND-NAND and NOR-NOR realizations, Realization of three level
logic circuits. Study the pin diagram and obtain truth table for the following relevant ICs
7400,7402,7404,7408,7432,7486.

UNIT -II:
MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES:
Minimization and realization of switching functions using Boolean theorems, K-Map (up to 4 variables)
and tabular method (Quine-Mc-Cluskey method) with only four variables and single function.
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS DESIGN:
Design of Half adder, full adder, half subtractor, full subtractor, applications of full adders; 4-bit adder-
subtractor circuit, BCD adder circuit, Excess 3 adder circuit and carry look-a-head adder circuit, Design
code converts using Karnaugh method and draw the complete circuit diagrams.
UNIT- III:
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS DESIGN USING MSI &LSI:
Design of encoder, decoder, multiplexer and de-multiplexers, Implementation of higher order circuits using
lower order circuits. Realization of Boolean functions using decoders and multiplexers. Design of Priority
encoder, 4-bit digital comparator and seven segment decoder. Study the relevant ICs pin diagrams and their
functions 7442,7447,7485,74154.

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UNIT -IV:
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS:
Classification of sequential circuits, operation of NAND & NOR Latches and flip-flops; truth tables and
excitation tables of RS flip-flop, JK flip-flop, T flip-flop, D flip-flop with reset and clear terminals.
Conversion from one flip-flop to another flip- flop. Design of 5ripple counters, design of synchronous
counters, Johnson counter, ring counter. Design of registers - Buffer register, control buffer register, shift
register, bi-directional shift register, universal shift, register. Study the following relevant ICs and their
relevant functions 7474,7475,7476,7490,7 493,74121.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Switching and finite automata theory Zvi.KOHAVI, Niraj.K.Jha
3rdEdition,CambridgeUniversityPress,2009.
2. Digital Design by M.Morris Mano,Michael D Ciletti,4th edition PHIpublication,2008.
3. Switching theory and logic design by Hill and Peterson, Mc-Graw Hill TMH edition, 2012.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Fundamentals of Logic Design by Charles H. Roth Jr, JaicoPublishers,2006.
2. Digital electronics by R S Sedha. S.Chand & companylimited,2010.
3. Switching Theory and Logic Design by A. Anand Kumar,PHI Learning pvtltd,2016.
4. Digital logic applications and design by John M Yarbough, Cengage learning,2006.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Professional Core Course
L T P C
PCC-EC305 Electromagnetic field theory and
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
Transmission Lines
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are to understand:
 Fundamentals of steady electric and magnetic fields using various laws.
 Apply the concept of static and time varying Maxwell equations and power flow using
pointingtheorem.
 Wave characteristics in different media for normal and oblique incidence.
 Implement various concepts of transmission lines and impedance measurements.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student can able to:
 Determine E and H using various laws and applications of electric & magnetic fields.
 Apply the Maxwell equations to analyze the time varying behavior of EM waves.
 Gain the knowledge in uniform plane wave concept and characteristics of uniform plane
wave invarious media.
 Calculate Brewster angle, critical angle and total internal reflection.
 Derive and Calculate the expressions for input impedance of transmission lines, reflection
coefficient,VSWR etc. using smith-chart
UNIT- I:
ELECTROSTATICS: Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity – Fields due to Different Charge Distributions,
Electric Flux Density, Gauss Law and Applications, Electric Potential, Maxwell’s Two Equations for
Electrostatic Fields, Energy density, Convection and Conduction Currents, Continuity Equation, Relaxation
Time, Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations; Capacitance.
MAGNETO STATICS: Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Applications, Magnetic Flux Density,
Maxwell’s Two Equations for Magneto static Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials, Forces due to
Magnetic Fields, Inductances and Magnetic Energy.
UNIT- II:
MAXWELL’S EQUATIONS: Faraday’s Law and Transformer EMF, Inconsistency of Ampere’s Law and
Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s Equations in Different Final Forms and Word Statements. Conditions
at a Boundary Surface: Dielectric-Dielectric and Dielectric-Conductor Interfaces. Related Problems.

UNIT -III:
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES: Wave Equations for Conducting and Perfect Dielectric Media, Uniform
Plane Waves, Wave Propagation in Lossless and Conducting Media, Conductors & Dielectrics –
Characterization, Polarization, Reflection and Refraction of Plane Waves – Normal and Oblique Incidences for
both Perfect Conductor and Perfect Dielectrics, Brewster Angle, Critical Angle and Total Internal Reflection,
Surface Impedance. Poynting Vector and Poynting Theorem
TRANSMISSION LINES: Introduction to Transmission line equations, Primary & Secondary constants
Expressions for Characteristic Impedance, Propagation Constant, Phase and Group Velocities, Listlessness /Low
Loss Characterization, Distortion, Loading, SC and OC Lines, Reflection Coefficient, VSWR, λ/8, λ/4, λ/2-
lineimpedance Transformations, Smith Chart – Configuration and Applications.

UNIT -IV:
WAVEGUIDES: Introduction, Rectangular Waveguides, electric and magnetic field patterns in TE10 and TE11
mode configuration, modes of TE wave in rectangular waveguide, field equations, impossibility of TEM wave
propagation in waveguides, cutoff frequency of rectangular waveguide, propagation constant, wave impedance,
phase velocity, group velocity, dominant mode and degenerate modes, related problems.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines, Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao, Wiley India
Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi, 1st Ed.,2012.
2. Electromagnetics with Applications, Kraus and Fleisch, McGraw Hill, 1999.
3. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems – E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, PHI,2nd
Edition,2000.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Elements of Electromagnetic – Matthew N.O. Sadiku, Oxford Univ. Press, 3rd ed., 2001.
2. Engineering Electromagnetics, W. H. Hayt Jr., McGraw Hill – New York.
3. Networks, Lines and Fields John D. Ryder, Second Edition, PearsonEducation,2015.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Professional Core courses (LAB)
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC306 Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab 0 0 3 1.5

List of Experiments: (Minimum of Twelve Experiments has to be performed)

1. P-N Junction Diode Characteristics
Part A: Germanium Diode (Forward bias& Reverse bias).
Part B: Silicon Diode (Forward Bias only).
2. Zener Diode Characteristics.
Part A: V-I Characteristics.
Part B: Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator.
3. Rectifiers (without filter).
Part A: Half-wave Rectifier.
Part B: Full-wave Rectifier.
4. Rectifiers (with C-filter).
Part A: Half-wave Rectifier.
Part B: Full-wave Rectifier.
5. BJT Characteristics (CE Configuration).
Part A: Input Characteristics.
Part B: Output Characteristics.
6. FET Characteristics (CS Configuration).
Part A: Drain Characteristics.
Part B: Transfer Characteristics.
7. UJT Characteristics.
8. FET-CS Amplifier.
9. RC Phase Shift Oscillator.
10. Wien Bridge Oscillator.
11. Hartley Oscillator.
12. Colpitts Oscillator.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Professional Core courses (LAB)
L T P C
LC-EC307 Switching Theory and Logic Design
Internal:50 External:50 0 0 3 1.5
Lab

List of Experiments: (Minimum of 10 Experiments has to be performed):

1. Verification of truth tables of Logic gates.

Two input (i) OR (ii) AND (iii) NOR (iv) NAND (v) Exclusive OR (vi) Exclusive NOR
2. Verification of functional table of 3 to 8-line Decoder.
3. Verification of functional table of 8 to 1 and 2 to 1 multiplexer/De-Mux.
4. Design full adder circuit and verify its functional table.
5. Study of Flip-Flops.
6. Verify the output of Decade counter using Flip – Flops /IC7490.
7. Verify the output of four-bit counter using Flip-Flops / IC7490.
8. Verify the output of Shift Register using IC.
9. Verify the operation of 4-bit Universal Shift Register for different Modes of operation.
10. Verify the operation of a four-bit comparator using IC.
11. Ram (16x4) Using IC 74189 (Read and Write Operations).

Additional Experiments:
1. Design BCD Adder Circuit and Test the Same using Relevant IC.

2. Design Excess-3 to 9-Complement convertor using only four Full Adders and test the Circuit.

3. Design an Experimental model to demonstrate the operation of74154 De-Multiplexer using

LEDs foroutputs.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Professional Core courses (LAB)
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC308 Electronic Workshop Practice Lab 0 0 3 1.5

ELECTRONIC WORKSHOP PRACTICE LAB:

1. Information about Basic Tools used in Electronics.

1.1 Identification and familiarization with the following tools used in electronic shop: Such as
Tweezers, Screw drivers (different sizes), Insulated Pliers, Cutter, Sniper, Philips Screw
Driver (Star Screw Driver), L- Keys, Soldering Iron, soldering wire, flux. Their
demonstration and uses.
1.2 Identification and familiarization with Multimeter (analog and digital) Job I Practice in the
use of above mentioned tools and instruments. For this a small experimental set up may be
done.,
1.3 Various types of protective devices such as: wire fuse, cartridge fuse etc.,
1.4 Identification and familiarization with soldering and desoldering practice.

2. Laboratory Experiences.
2.1 Identification of components and Draw the symbols of various electronic devices.
2.2 Practice for color coding of resistance.
2.3 Understand the use of data book for transistors, Diodes, SCR and triac.

3. Use of electronic instruments.

3.1 Practice the use of multi-meter, to study digital multimeter and perform testing of various components.
3.2 Practice for the use of signal generator and perform measurements.
3.3 Practice for the use of power supply and perform measurements.
3.4 Practice for the use of oscilloscope and to study cathode ray oscilloscope and perform measurements.

4. Study of PCB AND PCB layout.

4.1 Assembling electronic components on bread board.
4.2 Identifying the components and its location on the PCB, soldering of active and passive
components,Testing the assembled circuit for correct functionality.
4.3 Soldering of simple circuits on PCB.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Skill Development Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 SDC-EC309 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 2

MOOCS
Guidelines:
1. A student shall select any one course of his/her choice from the list of courses specified in the course
structure as approved by the B.O.S.
2. A student can complete the course at his/her own place, under the guidance of a faculty member.
3. The assessment of MOOC is through continuous internal assessment for 50 Marks with the breakup
as follows. (No of Hrs/Week? No of Credits?)

a. Assignment - 5M
b. Online quiz - 10M ( Organized by the concerned faculty )
c. Certification – 10M (NPTEL, Swayam, Edx, Course era, Udemy or any other MOOC Platform) or
participation certificate in any workshop/conference in IITs/ NITs/Premier Institute/Industry of
not less than 3 days.
d. Internal Assessment – 25M (Exam to be conducted at the end of the course)

4. Marks acquired by the students will be submitted along with the Internal Marks of Practical Exams duly
signed by concerned faculty and Head of the Department.
5. Though 2 credits of 50 marks are allowed for moocs course they are not included in SGPA calculations.
6. Producing of course completion cerficate is mandatory by every student by the end of semester where the
moocs course is opted.
7. As MOOC aligns closer with Practical Exam, Pass or Fail status in the MOOC will be on par with
Practical Exam Guidelines of UG.
8. It is not mandatory to specify in the marks memo the course in which certification is obtained as the
courses change from year to year.
9. The above guidelines are subject to change from time to time to comply with the UGC/AICTE guidelines,
any other academic regulatory body at the state /center and academic body of the University.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-I Semester Mandatory course (AICTE suggested)
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 MC-EC310 Essence of Indian Traditional Knowledge 2 0 0 0
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To facilitate the students with the concepts of Indian traditional knowledge and to make them
understandthe Importance of roots of knowledge system
 Learn about Introduction to traditional knowledge, Indigenous Knowledge.
 To understand the legal framework and traditional knowledge and biological diversity act
2002 andgeographical indication act2003.
 Learn about Traditional knowledge and intellectual property, global legal FORA.
 To know the student traditional knowledge in different sector.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After completion of the course, students will be able to:
 Understand the concept of Traditional knowledge and its importance.
 Know the need and importance of protecting traditional knowledge.
 Know the various enactments related to the protection of traditional knowledge.
 Understand the concepts of Intellectual property to protect the traditional knowledge.
UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION TO TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE: Define traditional knowledge, nature and
characteristics, scope and importance, kinds of traditional knowledge, the physical and social contexts in
which traditional knowledge develop, the historical impact of social change on traditional knowledge
systems. Indigenous Knowledge (IK), characteristics, traditional knowledge vis-à-vis indigenous
knowledge, traditional knowledge Vs western knowledge traditional knowledge vis-à-vis formal
knowledge.
UNIT -II:
PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE: the need for protecting traditional knowledge
Significance of TK Protection, value of TK in global economy, Role of Government to harness TK. The
Biological Diversity Act 2002 and Rules 2004, the protection of traditional knowledge bill, 2016.
Geographical indicators act 2003.
UNIT- III:
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Systems of traditio-
-nal knowledge protection, Legal concepts for the protection of traditional knowledge, Certain non
IPRmechanisms of traditional knowledge protection, Patents and traditional knowledge, Strategies to
increase protection of traditional knowledge, global legal FORA for increasing protection of Indian
Traditional Knowledge.
UNIT -IV:
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN DIFFERENT SECTORS: Traditional knowledge and
engineering, Traditional medicine system, TK and biotechnology, TK in agriculture, Traditional societies
depend on it for their food and healthcare needs, Importance of conservation and sustainable development
of environment, Management of biodiversity, Food security of the country and protection of TK.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Traditional Knowledge System in India, by Amit Jha, 2009.
2. Traditional Knowledge System and Technology in India by Basanta Kumar Mohanta and Vipin
KumarSingh, Pratibha Prakashan 2012.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Traditional Knowledge System in India by Amit Jha Atlantic publishers, 2002.
2. “Knowledge Traditions and Practices of India" Kapil Kapoor, Michel Danino

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

II B. TECH , II Semester (IV Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks

Total
CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks

ESC-EC401 Network Analysis 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC-EC402 Control Systems 25 75 100 3
3 0 0

PCC-EC403 Analog and Digital Circuits 25 75 100 3

3 0 0

PCC-EC404 Analog Communications 25 75 100 3

3 0 0
Managerial Economics and
HSMC-EC405 25 75 100 3
Financial Analysis 3 0 0

LC-EC 406 Network Analysis and ET Lab 50 50 100 1.5

0 0 3

LC-EC 407 Analog Communications Lab 50 50 100 1.5

0 0 3

LC-EC 408 Analog & Digital Circuits Lab 50 50 100 1.5

0 0 3

SDC-EC409 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2

TOTAL CREDITS 16 0 11 325 575 900 21.5

Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week. Two months Summer Internship/Technical Course mandatory after second year which can be
evaluated during VSemester.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Engineering Science Courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 ESC-EC401 Network Analysis 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the basic concepts on RLC circuits.
 To know the behavior of the steady states and transient’s states in RLC circuits.
 To know the basic Laplace transforms techniques in periods ‘waveforms.
 To understand the two port network parameters.
 To understand the properties of LC networks and filters.
COURSE OUTCOME:
 Gain the knowledge on basic network elements.
 Will analyze the RLC circuits behavior in detailed
 Analyze the performance of periodic waveforms.
 Gain the knowledge in characteristics of two port network parameters (Z, Y, ABCD, h & g).
 Analyze the filter design concepts in real world applications
UNIT – I:
Introduction to Electrical Circuits: Network elements classification, Electric charge and current, Electric
energy and potential, Resistance parameter – series and parallel combination, Inductance parameter – series and
parallel combination, Capacitance parameter – series and parallel combination. Energy Sources: Ideal, Non-
ideal, Independent and dependent sources, Source transformation, Kirchhoff’s laws, Mesh analysis and Nodal
analysis problem solving with resistances only including dependent sources also.
Fundamentals of Network Topology: Definitions of terms associated with periodic functions: Time period,
Angular velocity and frequency, RMS value, Average value, Form factor and peak factor- problem solving,
Phase angle, Phasor representation, Addition and subtraction of phasors, mathematical representation of
sinusoidal quantities, explanation with relevant theory, problem solving. Principal of Duality with examples.
Network Topology: Definitions of branch, node, tree, planar, non-planar graph, incidence matrix, basic tie set
schedule, basic cut set schedule.
UNIT – II:
Transients: First order differential equations, Definition of time constants, R-L circuit, R-C circuit with DC
excitation, evaluating initial conditions procedure, second order differential equations, homogeneous, non-
homogenous, problem solving using R-L-C elements with DC excitation and AC excitation, Response as
relatedto s-plane rotation of roots. Solutions using Laplace transform method.
Steady State Analysis of A.C Circuits: Impedance concept, phase angle, series R-L, R-C, R-L- C circuits
problem solving. Complex impedance and phasor notation for R-L, R-C, R-L-C problem solving using mesh
and nodal analysis, Star-Delta conversion, problem solving
UNIT – III:
Coupled Circuits: Coupled Circuits: Self-inductance, Mutual inductance, Coefficient of coupling, analysis of
coupled circuits, Natural current, Dot rule of coupled circuits, conductively coupled equivalent circuits- problem
solving.
Resonance: Introduction, Definition of Q, Series resonance, Bandwidth of series resonance, Parallel resonance,
Condition for maximum impedance, current in anti-resonance, Bandwidth of parallel resonance, general case-
resistance present in both branches, anti-resonance at all frequencies.
UNIT – IV:
Network Theorems: Thevinin’s, Norton’s, Milliman’s, Reciprocity, Compensation, Substitution, Super
position, Max Power Transfer, Tellegens- problem solving using dependent sources also.
Two-port Networks: Relationship of two port networks, Z-parameters, Y-parameters, Transmission line
parameters, h-parameters, Inverse h-parameters, Inverse Transmission line parameters, Relationship between
parameter sets, Parallel connection of two port networks, cascading of two port networks, series connection of
two port networks, problem solving including dependent sources also.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Network Analysis – ME Van Valkenburg, Prentice Hall of India, 3rd Edition,2000.
2. Network Analysis by K.Satya Prasad and S Sivanagaraju, Cengage Learning
3. Electric Circuit Analysis by Hayt and Kimmarle,TMH

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Network lines and Fields by John. D. Ryder 2nd edition, Asia publishing house.
2. Basic Circuit Analysis by DR Cunninghan, Jaico Publishers.
3. Network Analysis and Filter Design by Chadha, Umesh Publications

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Basic Science courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 BSC-EC402 Control Systems 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the concepts of open loop and closed loop systems, mathematical models of
mechanicaland electrical systems, and concepts of feedback
 To study the characteristics of the given system in terms of the transfer function and introducing
variousapproaches to reduce the overall system for necessary analysis
 To develop the acquaintance in analysing the system response in time-domain and frequency
domain interms of various performance indices
 To analyse the system in terms of absolute stability and relative stability by different approaches
 To design different control systems for different applications as per given specifications
 To introduce the concepts of state variable analysis, design and also the concepts of controllability
and observability.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 This course introduces the concepts of feedback and its advantages to various control systems
 The performance metrics to design the control system in time-domain and frequency domain are
introduced.
 Control systems for various applications can be designed using time-domain and frequency
domainanalysis.
 In addition to the conventional approach, the state space approach for the analysis of control
systems isalso introduced.
UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: Concepts of System, Control Systems: Open Loop and closed loop control systems and
their differences. Different examples of control systems, Feed-Back Characteristics, Effects of feedback.
Mathematical models, Differential equations, Impulse Response and transfer functions. Translational and
Rotational mechanical systems

UNIT -II:
TRANSFER FUNCTION REPRESENTATION: Transfer Function of DC Servo motor - AC Servo motor-
Synchro-transmitter and Receiver, Block diagram representation of systems considering electrical systems as
examples -Block diagram algebra– Representation by Signal flow graph - Reduction using mason’s gain formula.
TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS: Standard test signals - Time response of first order systems – Characteristic
Equation of Feedback control systems, Transient response of second order systems - Time domain
specifications
– Steady state response - Steady state errors and error constants.

UNIT -III:
STABILITY ANALYSIS IN S-DOMAIN: The concept of stability – Routh’s stability criterion –
qualitativestability and conditional stability – limitations of Routh’s stability100
ROOT LOCUS TECHNIQUE: The root locus concept - construction of root loci-effects of adding poles
andzeros to G(s)H(s) on the root loci. stability analysis
UNIT -IV:
FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS: Introduction, Correlation between time and frequency response,
Polar Plots, Bode Plots, Nyquist Stability Criterion
CLASSICAL CONTROL DESIGN TECHNIQUES: Compensation techniques – Lag, Lead, Lead-Lag
Controllers design infrequency Domain, PID Controllers. State Space Analysis of Continuous Systems Concepts
of state, state variables and state model, derivation of state models from block diagrams, Diagonalization-
Solving the Time invariant state Equations- State Transition Matrix and its Properties –Concepts of
Controllability and Observability.
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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Automatic Control Systems 8th edition– by B. C. Kuo–John wiley andson’s,2003.
2. Control Systems Engineering – by I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, New Age International(P)
Limited,Publishers, 2nd edition,2007
3. Modern Control Engineering–by Katsuhiko Ogata – Pearson Publications, 5th edition,2015.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Control Systems by A.Nagoorkani, RBA publications,3 edition,2017.
2. Control Systems by A.Anandkumar, PHI, 2 Edition,2014.

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY - ANUR

Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Professional Core courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC403 Analog and Digital Circuits 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To learn hybrid-pi parameters at high frequency and compare with low frequency parameters.
 Understand the purpose of cascading of single stage amplifiers and derive the overall voltage gain.
 Analyze the effect of negative feedback on amplifier characteristics and derive the characteristics.
 Learn the basic principle of multivibrator circuits and perform the analysis of different
multivibrator circuits.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Design and analysis of small signal high frequency transistor amplifier using BJT and FET.
 Design and analysis of multistage amplifiers using BJT and FET and Cascaded amplifier using BJT.
 Know the classification of the power and tuned amplifiers and their analysis with
performancecomparison.
 Design and analysis of switching times of a transistor and applications
 Design linear and non-linear wave shaping circuits.
 Design different multivibrators and time base generators.

UNIT -I:
SMALL SIGNAL HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER MODELS: Transistor at High
frequencies – Hybrid Common Emitter Transistor Model, Hybrid Conductance’s and Resistances, Validity of
Hybrid – model, Determination of High frequency Parameters in terms of Low frequency Parameters, CE Short
Circuit Gain, Current gain with resistive load, Cutoff Frequencies, Frequency response and Gain Bandwidth
Product, FET Model at High Frequency.

UNIT -II:
MULTISTAGE AMPLIFIERS: Introduction, Classification of Amplifiers, Methods of Coupling, Cascaded
Transistor amplifier and its analysis, Analysis of Two stage RC Coupled Amplifier, Cascade Amplifier:
Darlington Amplifier, Emitter Follower.
POWER AMPLIFERS: Introduction, Classification of Power Amplifiers, CLASS-A power amplifier with
analysis, Harmonic Distortion, CLASS –B Push-Pull and Complementary symmetry power amplifier with
Analysis, Efficiency of Class B Amplifiers, Class AB and Class C Power amplifiers, Thermal stability and Heat
sinks, Q-Factor, Small Signal Tuned Amplifier.

UNIT -III:
LINEAR WAVESHAPING: High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal, step, pulse, square,
ramp and exponential inputs. RC network as differentiator and integrator; Attenuators, its applications in CRO
probe, RL and RLC circuits and their response for step input, Ringing circuit.
NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING: Diode clippers, Transistor clippers, clipping at two independent levels,
transfer characteristics of clippers, Emitter coupled clipper; Clamping operation, clamping circuits using diode
with different inputs, clamping circuit theorem, practical clamping circuits, effect of diode characteristics on
clamping voltage, Transfer characteristics of clampers
UNIT -IV:
MULTIVIBRATORS: Transistor as a Switch, Switching times of a Transistor, Schmitt Trigger and
its Operation, Types of Multivibrators, Design and analysis of Monostable, Bistable, Astable
Multivibrators, Expression for the gate width and its waveforms, General features of time base Signal,
Methods of generating time base waveform, Miller and Bootstrap Time Base Generator.

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY - ANUR

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Integrated Electronics- J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, Tata Mc Graw-Hill, 1972.
2. Electronic Circuit Analysis-B.V.Rao,K.R.Rajeswari, P.C.R.Pantulu,K.B.R.Murthy, PearsonPublications
3. Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms - J. Millman and H. Taub, McGraw-Hill
4. Pulse and Digital Circuits – A. Anand Kumar, PHI, 2005

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design – Donald A. Neaman, Mc Graw Hill.
2. Electronic Circuits-I-Ravish R Singh-Peason Publications.
3. Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms - J. Millman and H. Taub, Mothiki S Prakash Rao
McGraw-Hill,Second Edition, 2007
4. Pulse & Digital Circuits by Venkata Rao,K,Ramasudha K, Manmadha Rao,G., Pearson,2010

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Professional Core courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC404 Analog Communications 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
Students undergoing this course are expected to
 Familiarize with the fundamentals of analog communication systems.
 Familiarize with various techniques for analog modulation and demodulation of signals.
 Distinguish the figure of merits of various angle modulation and pulse modulated signals methods.
 Develop the ability to classify and understand various functional blocks of radio transmitters
andreceivers.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
After undergoing the course, students will be able to
 Differentiate various Analog modulation and demodulation schemes and their spectral characteristics
 Analyse noise characteristics of various analog modulation methods
 Analyse various functional blocks of radio transmitters and receivers
 Design simple analog systems for various modulation techniques.

UNIT- I:
AMPLITUDE MODULATION: Introduction to communication system, need for modulation, Frequency
Division Multiplexing, Amplitude Modulation, Definition, Time domain and frequency domain description,
single tone modulation, power relations in AM waves, Generation of AM waves, square law Modulator,
Switching modulator, Detection of AM Waves; Square law detector, Envelope detector.

UNIT -II:
DSB & SSB MODULATION: Double side band suppressed carrier modulators, time domain and frequency
domain description, Generation of DSBSC Waves, Balanced Modulators, Ring Modulator, Coherent detection
of DSB-SC Modulated waves, COSTAS Loop. Frequency discrimination method for generation of AM SSB
Modulated Wave, Phase discrimination method for generating AM SSB Modulated waves. Demodulation of
SSB Waves.
VESTIGIAL SIDE BAND MODULATION: Generation of VSB Modulated wave, Envelope detection of a
VSB Wave pulse Carrier, Comparison of AM Techniques, Applications of different AM Systems, FDM.

UNIT -III:
ANGLE MODULATION: Basic concepts, Frequency Modulation: Single tone frequency modulation,
Spectrum Analysis of Sinusoidal FM Wave, Narrow band FM, Wide band FM, Constant Average Power,
Transmission bandwidth of FM Wave - Generation of FM Waves, Detection of FM Waves: Balanced Frequency
discriminator, zero crossing detector, Phase locked loop. Comparison of FM & AM.
PULSE MODULATION: Types of Pulse modulation, PAM, PWM: Generation & demodulation of PWM,
PPM, Generation and demodulation of PPM, Time Division Multiplexing, TDM Vs FDM

UNIT -IV:
NOISE: Review of noise and noise sources, noise figure, Noise in DSB& SSB, Noise in AM System, Noise in
Angle Modulation Systems, Pre-emphasis & de-emphasis
TRANSMITTERS & RECEIVERS: Classification of Transmitter, AM Transmitter, FM Transmitter –
Variable reactance type and phase modulated FM Transmitter, Receiver Types - Tuned radio frequency receiver,
Super heterodyne receiver, RF section and Characteristics - Frequency changing and tracking, Intermediate
frequency, AGC, FM Receiver, Comparison with AM Receiver, Amplitude limiting. Communication Receivers,
extensions of super heterodyne principle and additional circuits
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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Principles of Communication Systems – H Taub & D. Schilling, Gautam Sahe,TMH, 3rd Edition,2007.
2. Principles of Communication Systems - Simon Haykin, John Wiley, 2nd Edition,2007.
3. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems –B.P.Lathi,Zhi Ding,Hari Mohan Gupta,
OxfordUniversity Press,4th Edition,2017

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Electronics & Communication System – George Kennedy and Bernard Davis,TMH 2004.
2. Communication Systems– R.P. Singh, SP Sapre, Second Edition TMH,2007.
3. Electronic Communication systems – Tomasi, Pearson, fourth Edition,2007.

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Humanities and Social Science including Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester
Management Courses L T P C
HSMC-EC405 Managerial Economics and
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
Financial Analysis

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
Students undergoing this course are expected to
 The Learning objectives of this paper are to understand the concept and nature of Managerial Economics
and its relationship with other disciplines and also to understand the Concept of Demand and Demand
forecasting.
 To familiarize about the Production function, Input Output relationship, Cost-Output relationship and
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis.
 To understand the nature of markets, Methods of Pricing in the different market structures and to know
the different forms of Business organization and the concept of Business Cycles.
 To learn different Accounting Systems, preparation of Financial Statement and uses of different tools for
performance evaluation.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
After undergoing the course, students will be able to
 The Learning objectives of this paper are to understand the concept and nature of Managerial Economics
and its relationship with other disciplines and also to understand the Concept of Demand and Demand
forecasting.
 To familiarize about the Production function, Input Output relationship, Cost-Output relationship and
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis.
 To understand the nature of markets, Methods of Pricing in the different market structures and to know
the different forms of Business organization and the concept of Business Cycles.
 To learn different Accounting Systems, preparation of Financial Statement and uses of different tools for
performance evaluation.
UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS: Definition, Nature and Scope of Managerial
Economics–Demand Analysis: Demand Determinants, Law of Demand and its exceptions. Elasticity of
Demand: Definition, Types, Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand. Demand Forecasting,
Factors governing demand forecasting, methods of demand forecasting (survey methods, statistical methods,
expert opinion method, test marketing, controlled experiments, judgmental approach to demand forecasting)
UNIT -II:
THEORY OF PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS: Production Function – Isoquants and Iso costs,
MRTS, Least Cost Combination of Inputs, Cobb-Douglas Production function, Laws of Returns, Internal and
External Economies of Scale. Cost Analysis: Cost concepts, Opportunity cost, Fixed vs. Variable costs, Explicit
costs Vs. Implicit costs, Out of pocket costs vs. Imputed costs. Break-even Analysis (BEA)-Determination of
Break-Even Point (simple problems)- Managerial Significance and limitations of BEA.
UNIT -III:
MARKETS STRUCTURES AND PRICING STRATEGIES: Market structures: Types of competition,
Features of Perfect competition, Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition. Price-Output Determination in
case of Perfect Competition and Monopoly. Objectives and Policies of Pricing- Methods of Pricing: Business
and New Economic Environment: Characteristic features of Business, Features and evaluation of Sole
Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company, Public Enterprises and their types, Changing Business
Environment in Post-liberalization scenario.

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UNIT- IV:
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING: Double-Entry Book Keeping, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance- Final
Accounts. Financial Analysis through ratios: Computation, Analysis and Interpretation of Liquidity Ratios.
(Current Ratio and quick ratio), Activity Ratios (Inventory turnover ratio and Debtor Turnover ratio), Capital
structure Ratios (Debt- Equity ratio, Interest Coverage ratio), and Profitability ratios (Gross Profit Ratio, Net
Profit ratio, Operating Ratio, P/E Ratio and EPS).
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Aryasri: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, 2/e, TMH, 2005.
2. Varshney & Maheswari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, 2007.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Ambrish Gupta, Financial Accounting for Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
2. Suma Damodaran, Managerial Economics, Oxford University Press.
3. Lipsey & Chrystel, Economics, Oxford University Press.
4. S.N.Maheswari & S.K. Maheswari, Financial Accounting, Vikas publishing house.
5. Dwivedi:Managerial Economics, 6th Ed., Vikas.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Engineering Science Courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC406 Network Analysis and ET Lab 0 0 3 1.5

Course Description: Practical investigations on DC, single phase AC circuits, circuit theorems,
transientcircuits and Two-Port networks.

PART-A: List of Experiments: Minimum SIX Experiments are to be done.

1. Verification of KVL and KCL.

2. Series and Parallel Resonance – Timing, Resonant frequency, Bandwidth and factor
determination forRLC network.
3. Time response of first order RC/RL network for periodic non-sinusoidal inputs time
constant andsteady state error determination.
4. Two port network parameters –Z and Y-parameters.
5. Two port network parameters – ABCD and h-parameters.
6. Verification of Superposition and Reciprocity theorems.
7. Verification of maximum power transfer theorem. Verification on DC and AC Excitation
withResistive and Reactive loads.
8. Experimental determination of Thevenin’s and Norton’s equivalent circuits and verification
by Directtest.
PART- B: List of Experiments: Minimum SIX Experiments are to be done.
1. Magnetization characteristics of D.C Shunt generator, Determination of critical field résistance.
2. Swinburne’s Test on Dc shunt machine. (Predetermination of efficiency of a given.
3. Dc Shunt machine working as motor and generator).
4. Brake test on DC shunt motor. Determination of Performance Characteristics.
5. OC and SC tests on Single-phase transformer (Predetermination of Efficiency and Regulation
at givenpower factors and determination of equivalent circuit).
6. Load Test on single Phase Transformer.
7. Speed Control of DC shunt Motor – flux and armature voltage control methods.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Professional Core courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC407 Analog Communications Lab 0 0 3 1.5

COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Simulation and study experiments are to be executed/completed using hardware boards and also to be
simulated on Mat lab.

List of Experiments: Any Twelve experiments to be done.

1. Amplitude Modulation - Modulation &Demodulation.

2. AM - DSB SC - Modulation &Demodulation.

3. AM - SSB SC - Modulation &Demodulation.

4. Balance Modulator.

5. Diode Detector.

6. Pre-emphasis &De-emphasis.

7. Frequency Modulation - Modulation &Demodulation.

8. Digital Phase Detector.

9. Synchronous Detector.

10. AGC Circuits.

11. Characteristics of Mixer.

12. Verification of Sampling Theorem.

13. Pulse Amplitude Modulation &Demodulation.

14. PWM, PPM –Modulation &Demodulation.

15. PLL IC-565 as FM Demodulator.

16. Radio receiver characteristics.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Professional Core courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC408 Analog &Digital Circuits Lab 0 0 3 1.5

COURSE DESCRIPTION: The students are required to design the circuit and observe the
functionalityof the circuits. Further they are required to verify the result using necessary hardware
equipment.

List of Experiments: Minimum of Ten Experiments has to be performed.

1. Two stage RC-Coupled Amplifier.

2. Voltage-Series Feedback Amplifier.

3. Current-Shunt Feedback Amplifier.

4. RC Phase Shift/Wien Bridge Oscillator.

5. Transformer-coupled Class A Power Amplifier.

6. Class B Push-Pull Power Amplifier.

7. Tuned Voltage Amplifier.

8. Linear wave shaping.

9. Non-linear wave shaping.

10. Schmitt trigger.

11. Bi-Stable Multi vibrator using trainer Kit.

12. Monostable Multi vibrator using trainer Kit.

13. Monostable Multi vibrator using trainer Kit.

14. Astable Multi vibrator using trainer Kit.

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Scheme and Credits

II Year-II Semester Skill Development Course
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 SDC-EC409: Skill Development Course 1 0 2 2

SOFT SKILLS LAB

Course Objectives:
 To encourage the all-round development of students by focusing on soft skills.
 To make the engineering students aware of the importance, the role and the content of soft
skills through instruction, knowledge acquisition, demonstration and practice.
 To develop and nurture the soft skills of the students through individual and group activities.
 To expose students to right attitudinal and behavioral aspects and to build the same through activities
Course Outcomes:
The Soft Skills Lab is designed to train the students in the basics of Soft Skills and prepare them towards
Interviews. On completion of the course, student will be able to–
 Effectively communicate through verbal/oral communication and improve the listening skills
 Actively participate in group discussion / meetings / interviews and prepare & deliver presentations
 Become more effective individual through goal/target setting, self-motivation and practicing time
management
 Function effectively in multi-disciplinary and heterogeneous teams through the knowledge of team work,
Inter-personal relationships, conflict management and leadership quality
UNIT -I:
Soft Skills: An Introduction – Definition and Significance of Soft Skills; Process, Importance and
Measurement of Soft Skill Development. Setting Goals; Beliefs, Values, Attitude, Virtue. Positivity and
Motivation: Developing Positive Thinking and Attitude; Driving out Negativity; Meaning and Theories of
Motivation; Enhancing Motivation Levels.
UNIT -II:
Public Speaking: Skills, Methods, Strategies and Essential tips for effective public speaking. Group
Discussion: Importance, Planning, Elements, Skills assessed; Effectively disagreeing, Initiating, Summarizing
and Attaining the Objective.
Non-Verbal Communication: Importance and Elements; Body Language. Teamwork and Leadership Skills:
Concept of Teams; Building effective teams; Concept of Leadership and honing Leadership skills.
UNIT -III:
Interview Skills: Interviewer and Interviewee – in-depth perspectives. Before, During and After the Interview.
Tips for Success. Presentation Skills: Types, Content, Audience Analysis, Essential Tips – Before, During and
After, Overcoming Nervousness. Leadership and Assertiveness Skills: A Good Leader; Leaders and
Managers; Leadership Theories; Types of Leaders; Leadership Behaviour; Assertiveness Skills. Emotional
Intelligence – Time Management – Concept, Essentials, Tips. Personality Development – Meaning, Nature,
Features, Stages, Models; Learning Skills; Adaptability Skills.
UNIT -IV:
Interpersonal Communication: Interpersonal relations; communication models, process and barriers; team
communication; developing interpersonal relationships thorough effective communication; listening skills;
essential formal writing skills; corporate communication styles – assertion, persuasion, negotiation.
Style and Objectivity Report Writing Referencing Types of Resumes Writing Resume Job application letter
Joining Report Writing Presentation Skills Group Discussion Debate

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

III B. TECH , I Semester (V Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks
PCC-EC501 Linear IC Applications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC502 Antennas and Wave Propagation 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC503 Digital Communications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Open Elective Course-I
A. Computer Organization
OEC-EC504 B. Networks and Protocols 2 0 2 25 75 100 3
C. Data Mining and Ware
Housing
Professional Elective - I
A. VLSI Design
PEC-EC505 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Digital IC Design
C. Optoelectronics.

LC-EC506 Digital Communications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC-EC507 Linear IC Applications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

SDC-EC508 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
MC-EC509 Constitution of India 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Summer Internship 2 Months (Mandatory)
0 0 0 100 -- 100 1.5
after Second year (to be evaluated during V
Semester
TOTAL CREDITS 17 0 10 400 600 1000 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs/Week and 1 Theory Hrs/Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs/ Week.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Core courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC501 Linear IC Applications 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the basic operation &performance parameters of differential amplifiers.
 To understand & learn the measuring techniques of performance parameters of Op-Amp
 To learn the linear and non-linear applications of operational amplifiers.
 To understand the analysis & design of different types of active filters using op-amps
 To learn the internal structure, operation and applications of different analog ICs
 To Acquire skills required for designing and testing integrated circuits
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Design circuits using operational amplifiers for various applications.
 Analyze and design amplifiers and active filters using Op-amp.
 Diagnose and trouble-shoot linear electronic circuits.
 Understand the gain-bandwidth concept and frequency response of the amplifier configurations.
 Understand thoroughly the operational amplifiers with linear integrated circuits.

UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: Internal Block Diagram of various stages of Op-Amp and Roll of each Stage. Differential
Amplifier using BJTs and with RE DC and AC Analysis, Basic Current Mirror Circuit, Improved Version of
current mirror circuit, current repeated circuit, Wilson current source.
OP-AMP: OP-Amp Block Diagram (Symbolic Representation), Characteristics of Op-Amp, Ideal and Practical
Op-Amp specifications, DC and AC Characteristics, Definitions of Input and Output Off-set voltage and currents
slow rate, CMRR, PSRR. Measurements of Op-Amp Parameters.3-Terminal Voltage Regulators 78xx& 79xx
Series, current Booster, adjustable voltage, Dual Power Supply with 78xx &79xx.

UNIT -II:
LINEAR and NON-LINEAR APPLICATIONS OF OP-AMPS: Inverting and Non-inverting amplifier,
Integrator and differentiator, Difference amplifier, Instrumentation amplifier, AC amplifier, V to I, I to V
converters, Buffers. Non- Linear function generation, Comparators, Multivibrators, Triangular and Square
wavegenerators, Log and Anti Log Amplifiers, Precision rectifiers.
ACTIVE FILTERS, ANALOG MULTIPLIERS AND MODULATORS: Design & Analysis
of Butterworth active filters – 1st order, 2nd order LPF, HPF filters. Band pass, Band reject and all pass filters.
Four Quadrant Multiplier, IC 1496, Sample & Hold circuits.

UNIT -III:
TIMERS & PHASE LOCKED LOOPS: Introduction to 555 timers, functional diagram, Monostable and
Astable operations and applications, Schmitt Trigger; PLL - introduction, block schematic, principles and
description of individual blocks, 565 PLL, Applications of PLL – frequency multiplication, frequency
translation, AM, FM & FSK demodulators. Applications of VCO (566).

UNIT -IV:
DIGITAL TO ANALOG AND ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERS: Introduction, basic DAC
techniques, weighted resistor DAC, R-2R ladder DAC, inverted R-2R DAC, and IC 1408 DAC, Different types
of ADCs – parallel Comparator type ADC, counter type ADC, successive approximation ADC and dual slope
ADC.DAC and ADC Specifications, Specifications AD 574 (12-bit ADC).

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Linear Integrated Circuits – D. Roy Choudhury, New Age International (p)Ltd, 2ndEdition,2003.
2. Op-Amps & Linear ICs - Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, PHI,1987.
3. Linear Integrated Circuits by Salivahan-3rd-Edition, McGrawHill,2018

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Operational Amplifiers & Linear Integrated Circuits –Sanjay Sharma; SK
Kataria& Sons;2ndEdition,2010.
2. Operational Amplifiers & Linear Integrated Circuits–R.F.Coughlin& Fredrick Driscoll,
PHI, 6thEdition,2000.
3. Operational Amplifiers & Linear ICs – David A Bell, Oxford Uni. Press, 3rd Edition,2011.
4. Linear Integrated Circuits, by Ganesh Babu T.Rand Suseela B.Scitech, 5th-Editon, 2014.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Core courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC502 Antennas and Wave Propagation 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to
 Understand the applications of the electromagnetic waves in free space.
 Introduce the working principles of various types of antennas
 To discuss the major applications of antennas with an emphasis on how antennas are employed
to meetelectronic system requirements.
 Understand the concepts of radio wave propagation in the atmosphere.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After undergoing the course, students will be able to
 Understand the basic parameters and analyse the fields radiated by various types of antennas.
 Understand and analyse antenna arrays and Analyse antenna measurements to assess
antenna’sperformance.
 Describe and analyse wire antennas, loop antennas, reflector antennas, lens antennas, horn antennas.
 Understand the characteristics of radio wave propagation and Compare the intricacies involved in
variousmodes of wave propagation.
UNIT- I:
RADIATION AND ANTENNAS: Antenna definition and Functions, Network theorems, Properties of
antennas, Antenna parameters , Polarization, Basic antenna elements , Radiation mechanism, Radiation fields of
alternating current element, Radiated power and radiation resistance of current element, Radiation, induction
and electrostatic fields, Hertzian dipole, Different current distributions in linear antennas, Radiation from half-
wave dipole, Radiation from quarter wave monopole , Radiation characteristics of dipoles.

UNIT -II:
ANALYSIS OF LINEAR ARRAYS :Directional characteristics of dipole antennas, Radiation pattern of
alternating current element, Radiation pattern expressions of centre-fed vertical dipoles of finite length,
Radiation patterns of centre-fed vertical dipoles, Radiation patterns of centre-fed horizontal dipoles, Radiation
patterns of vertical dipoles, Two-element uniform array, Uniform linear arrays, Field strength of a uniform linear
array, First side lobe ratio (SLR), Broadside and End-fire arrays, Patterns of array of non-isotropic radiators,
Multiplication of patterns, Generalized expression for principle of pattern multiplication, Radiation pattern
characteristics, Binomial arrays, Effect of earth on vertical patterns, Effect of earth on radiation resistance,
Methods of excitation, Impedance matching techniques, Transmission loss between transmitting and receiving
antennas - FRIIS formula, Antenna temperature and signal-to-noise ratio.

UNIT -III:
HF, VHF AND UHF ANTENNAS: Introduction, Isotropic radiators, Directional antennas, Omni-directional
antennas, Resonant antennas, Non resonant antennas, LF antennas, Antennas for HF, VHF and UHF, Dipole
arrays, Folded dipole, V-Antennas, Inverted V-antennas, Rhombic antenna, Yagi-Uda antenna, Log-periodic
antennas, Loop antenna, Helical antenna, Whip antenna, Ferrite rod antenna, Turnstile antennas, Discone
antennas, Notch antenna.
MICROWAVE ANTENNAS: Introduction, Rod reflector, Plane reflector, Corner reflector, Parabolic reflector,
Types of parabolic reflectors, Feed systems for parabolic reflectors, Shaped beam antennas, Horn antennas,
Corrugated horns, Slot antennas, Impedance of a few typical dipoles, Slots in the walls of rectangular
waveguides, Babinet’s principle, Lens antennas, Micro strip antennas.

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UNIT -IV:
ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS: Measurement ranges, Indoor and outdoor ranges, Antenna impedance
measurements, Measurement of radiation resistance, Gain measurements, Measurement of antenna bandwidth,
Directivity measurement, Measurement of side lobe ratio, Measurement of radiation efficiency, Measurement of
antenna aperture efficiency, Measurement of polarization of antenna, Phase measurement.

WAVE PROPAGATION :Propagation characteristics of EM Waves, Factors involved in the propagation of

radio waves, Ground wave propagation, Ground wave field strength by Maxwell’s equations, Reflection of radio
waves by the surface of the earth, Roughness of earth, Reflection factors of earth, Wave tilt of the ground wave,
Tropospheric wave propagation, Atmospheric effects in space wave propagation, Duct propagation, Radio
horizon, Troposcatter, Fading of EM waves in Troposphere, Line of sight (LOS), Ionospheric propagation,
Characteristics of ionosphere, Refractive index of ionosphere, Phase and group velocities, Mechanism of
Ionospheric propagation, reflection and refraction, Characteristic parameters of Ionospheric propagation, Sky
wave field strength, Fading and diversity techniques, Faraday’s rotation, Effect of earth’s magnetic field.

TEXT BOOKS
1. John D. Kraus and Ronald J. Marhefka and Ahmad S.Khan, Antennas and wave
propagation, 4thEdition (Special Indian Edition), TMH, New Delhi, 2010.
2. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems – E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, PHI, 2nd
Edition,2000.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Antenna Theory - C.A. Balanis, John Wiley and Sons, 2nd Edition, 2001.
2. Antennas and Wave Propagation – K.D. Prasad, Satya Prakashan, Tech India Publications, New
Delhi,2001.
3. Transmission and Propagation – E.V.D. Glazier and H.R.L. Lamont, The Services Text Book of
Radio,vol. 5, Standard Publishers Distributors, Delhi
4. Electronic and Radio Engineering – F.E. Terman, McGraw-Hill, 4th Edition, 1955.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Core courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC503 Digital Communications 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to
 Understand pulse digital modulation systems such as PCM, DPCM and DM.
 Understand various digital modulation techniques and able to analyze various systems
for theirperformance in terms of probability of error.
 Study the concepts of information theory and need for source coding.
 Study Block codes, cyclic codes and convolution codes.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student will be able to
 Analyze the performance of a Digital Communication System for probability of error and are
able todesign a digital communication system.
 Analyze various source coding techniques.
 Compute and analyze Block codes, cyclic codes and convolution codes.
 Design a coded communication system.
UNIT -I:
PULSE DIGITAL MODULATION: Elements of digital communication systems, advantages of digital
communication systems, Elements of PCM: Sampling, Quantization & Coding, Quantization error, Companding
in PCM systems. Differential PCM systems(DPCM). Delta modulation, its draw backs, adaptive delta
modulation, comparison of PCM and DM systems, noise in PCM and DM systems.
UNIT- II:
DIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUES: Introduction, ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, DEPSK, QPSK, Mary
PSK, ASK, FSK, similarity of BFSK and BPSK.
DATA TRANSMISSION: Base band signal receiver, probability of error, the optimum filter, matched filter,
probability of error using matched filter, coherent reception, non-coherent detection of FSK, calculation of error
probability of ASK, BPSK, BFSK, QPSK.
UNIT -III:
INFORMATION THEORY: Discrete messages, concept of amount of information and its properties. Average
information, Entropy and its properties. Information rate, Mutual information and its properties.
SOURCE CODING: Introductions, Advantages, Shannon’s theorem, Shanon-Fano coding, Huffman coding,
efficiency calculations, channel capacity of discrete and analog Channels, capacity of a Gaussian channel,
bandwidth –S/N trade off.
UNIT -IV:
LINEAR BLOCK CODES: Introduction, Matrix description of Linear Block codes, Error detection and error
correction capabilities of Linear block codes, Hamming codes, Binary cyclic codes, Algebraic structure,
encoding, syndrome calculation, BCH Codes.
CONVOLUTION CODES: Introduction, encoding of convolution codes, time domain approach, transform
domain approach. Graphical approach: state, tree and trellis diagram decoding using Viterbi algorithm.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Digital communications - Simon Haykin, John Wiley, 2005.
2. Digital and Analog Communication Systems - Sam Shanmugam, John Wiley, 2005.
3. Principles of Communication Systems – H. Taub and D. Schilling, TMH, 2003.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Digital Communications – John Proakis, TMH, 1983.
2. Communication Systems Analog & Digital – Singh &Sapre, TMH, 2004.
3. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems –B.P.Lathi, Zhi Ding, Hari Mohan Gupta, Oxford
UniversityPress,4th Edition,2017.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - I
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC504A Computer Organization 2 0 2 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to
 To identify Basic Computer Organization and its applications.
 To understand the input and output interfacing and organisation.
 To Understand the various instructions, addressing modes.
 To Understand the concept of Intel architecture.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student will be able to
 Students can understand the architecture of modern computer.
 They can analyze the Performance of a computer using performance equation.
 Understand about Input Output Organization, Asynchronous Data Transfer, Direct Memory Access,
InputOutput Processor.
 Understand the concepts of I/O Organization and Memory systems.
 Understand about 8085 Microprocessor Architecture, Instructions, Addressing Modes.
UNIT- I:
BASIC COMPUTER ORGANIZATION: basic computer organisation: instruction codes-stored program
organisation, indirect address, computer register, computer instructions, timing and control, instruction cycle,
memory reference instructions, design of accumulator logic, general register origination, stack originations,
instruction formats, addressing modes.
UNIT -II:
INPUT-OUTPUT ORGANIZATIONS: Input-output organisation: I/O Interface, asynchronous data transfer-
strobe control, hand shaking, asynchronous communication interface, modes of transfer, direct memory
access(DMA)-DMA- controller, DMA transfer, input-output processor(IOP).
UNIT- III:
MEMORY ORGANIZATIONS: Memory Hierarchy, Main Memory, RAM, ROM Chips, Memory Address
Map, Memory Connection to CPU, Associate Memory, Cache Memory, Miss and Hit Ratio, Access Time,
Associative, Set Associative Mapping, Introduction to Virtual Memory.
UNIT -IV:
8085 CPU: Introduction to Intel 8085 microprocessor architecture –ALU, Timing and control Unit, register,
data &address Bus, 8085 pin configuration, Instruction set of Intel 8085-Data transfer group, architecture
group, logical group, branch &control group, addressing modes of 8085, assembly language programs
involving evaluation of architecture Expressions.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. M.Morris Mano,” Computer System Architecture,” Pearson Publishers, Third Edition
2. Fundamentals of microprocessor and microcomputer: B.ram-DhanapatRai publications.
3. Computer Organization, Carl Hamacher, ZvonksVranesic, SafeaZaky, 5thEdition, McGrawHill,2011.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Computer Organization and Architecture – William Stallings Sixth Edition, Pearson/PHI.
2. Structured Computer Organization and Design - Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4th Edition PHI/Pearson.
3. Fundamentals or Computer Organization and Design – Sivaraama D andamudi
Springer Int.Edition,2003.
4. Computer Architecture a quantitive approach, Jhon L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson, Fourth
EditionElsevier.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - I
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC504B Network and protocols 2 0 2 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to
 To Study about the ISO network Architecture and Architecture Models models.
 Student able to learn the various protocols layers.
 To study about the network management and monitoring system.
 To understand the data encryption system and secured routing protocols.
 To understand about the Ethernet protocols and Virtual and wireless LAN protocols.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student will be able to
 Understand the concept of TCP/IP protocols.
 To understand the routing protocols and the network management protocols.
 To understand about the various protocols methods.
 Student learn various network protocols.
UNIT -I:
FUNDAMENTALS OF NETWORKING STANDARDS AND PROTOCOLS: Network Communication
Architecture and Protocols - OSI Network Architecture Seven Layers Model - Definition and Overview
ofTCP/IP Protocols -TCP/IP Four Layers Architecture Model - Other Network Architecture Models: IBM
SNA.

UNIT- II:
ROUTED AND ROUTING PROTOCOLS: Application Layer Protocols-Presentation Layer Protocols-
Session Layer Protocols - Transport Layer Protocols - Network Layer Protocols - Data Link Layer Protocols -
Routing Protocols - Multicasting Protocols - MPLS.
ISDN AND NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOLS: Overview of ISDN − Channels − User access –
Protocols Network management requirements – Network monitoring − Network control − SNMP V1, V2 and
V3 − Concepts, MIBs − Implementation issues-RMON. 58
UNIT -III:
SECURITY AND TELEPHONY PROTOCOLS:
Network Security Technologies and Protocols - AAA Protocols - Tunnelling Protocols - Security Protocols-
rivate key encryption − Data encryption system, public key encryption − RSA − Elliptic curve cryptography −
Authentication mechanisms− Web security -Secured Routing Protocols - IP telephony -Voice over IP and VOIP
Protocols –Signalling Protocols- Media/CODEC.
UNIT -IV:
NETWORK ENVIRONMENTS AND PROTOCOLS:
Wide Area Network and WAN Protocols - Frame relay - ATM - Broadband Access Protocols -PPP Protocols -
Local Area Network and LAN Protocols - Ethernet Protocols - Virtual LAN Protocols - Wireless LAN
Protocols - Metropolitan Area Network and MAN Protocol - Storage Area Network and SAN Protocols.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Javvin, “Network Protocols” , Javvin Technologies Inc , second edition, 2005.
2. William Stallings, “Cryptography and Network Security”, PHI, 2000.
3. Mani Subramanian, “Network Management−Principles and Practices”, Addison Wesley, 2000.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. William Stallings, “SNMP, SNMPV2, SNMPV3 and RMON1 and 2”, 3rd Edition, Addison
Wesley,1999.
2. William Stallings, “Data and Computer Communications” 5th Edition, PHI, 1997.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - I
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC504C Data Mining and Ware Housing 2 0 2 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 Students will be enabled to understand and Data Warehouse Modelling and pre-processing.
 They will learn the various concepts to analyze the data and choose the relevant models.
 To understand the correlations and mining methods.
 To study the different methods and concepts.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student will be able to
 Understand about Data Warehouse and OLAP Technology, Data Preprocessing.
 Understand Data Mining Principles
 Understand about Concept Description, Mining Frequent Pattern, Association and Correlations.
 Understand about Classification Basic Concepts, Cluster Analysis.
UNIT- I:
DATA WAREHOUSE AND OLAP TECHNOLOGY: An overview Data Warehouse Basic Concepts, Data
Warehouse Modelling: Data Cube and OLAP, Data Warehouse Architecture Data Warehouse Implementation,
Data Pre-processing: An Overview, Data Cleaning, Data Integration, Data Reduction, Data Transformation
andData Discretization, from Data Warehousing to Data Mining.
UNIT -II:
INTRODUCTION TO DATA MINING: Motivation and importance, what is Data Mining, Data Mining on
what kind of data, what kinds of patterns can be mined, which technologies are used, integration of data mining
system with a database or DWH system, Major issues in Data Mining. Getting to know your Data: Data Objects
and Attribute Types, Basic Statistical Descriptions of Data, Data Visualization, Measuring data Similarity and
Dissimilarity.

UNIT -III:
CONCEPT DESCRIPTION: Characterization and comparison What is Concept Description, Data
Generalization by Attribute-Oriented Induction(AOI), AOI for Data Characterization, Efficient Implementation
of AOI, AOI for Class comparisons. Mining Frequent Patterns, Associations and Correlations: Basic
Concepts, Frequent Itemset Mining Methods: Apriori method, generating Association Rules, Improving the
Efficiency of Apriori, Pattern-Growth Approach for mining Frequent Item sets, Mining Frequent Itemsets
using vertical dataformat, Mining Closed.

UNIT -IV:
CLASSIFICATION BASIC CONCEPTS: Basic Concepts, Decision Tree Induction: Decision Tree Induction,
Attribute Selection Measures, Tree Pruning, Bayes Classification Methods, Classification by Back Propagation,
Suport Vector Machines. Cluster Analysis: Cluster Analysis, Partitioning Methods, Hierarchal methods, Density
based methods-DBSCAN.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Data Mining Concepts and Techniques—JiaweiHan, Micheline Kamber and Jian Pei,Morgan
KaufmanPublications 3rd edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Data Mining –Pang-Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach, Vipin Kumar.
2. Introduction to Data Mining, Adriaan, Addison Wesley Publication.
3. Data Mining Techniques, A.K.Pujari, University Press.
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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Elective - I
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC505A VLSI Design 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To learn the MOS Process Technology.
 To learn the design Rules and draw layout of a given logic circuit.
 Understand and learn the characteristics of CMOS circuit construction.
 To study and know the concepts of FPGA and the different types FPGA Families
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student will be able to
 Understand the electrical properties of MOS circuits and fabrication process.
 Understand and design various methodologies of CMOS.
 To Know the various electrical properties of MOS transistors.
 To understand and design propagation delays of various MOS circuits.
 Understand the concepts of FPGA and to Know the different types FPGA Families.
UNIT-I:
INTRODUCTION: Introduction to IC Technology, MOS and related VLSI Technology, Basic MOS
Transistors, Enhancement and Depletion modes of transistor action, IC production process, MOS and CMOS
Fabrication processes, BiCMOS Technology, Comparison between CMOS and Bipolar technologies.
BASIC ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF MOS AND BI-CMOS CIRCUITS: Ids versus
Vds Relationships, Aspects of MOS transistor Threshold Voltage, MOS transistor Trans, Output Conductance
and Figure of Merit. The Pass transistor, NMOS Inverter, Pull-up to Pull-down Ratio for NMOS inverter
driven by another NMOS inverter. Alternative forms of pull-up, The CMOS Inverter, MOS transistor circuit
model, Bi- CMOS Inverter, Latch-up in CMOS circuits and BiCMOS Latch-up Susceptibility.

UNIT-II:
MOS AND BI-CMOS CIRCUIT DESIGN PROCESSES: MOS Layers, Stick Diagrams, Design Rules and
Layout, General observations on the Design rules, 2μm Double Metal, Double Poly, CMOS/BiCMOS
rules,1.2μm Double Metal, Double Poly CMOS rules, Layout Diagrams of NAND and NOR gates and CMOS
inverter, Symbolic Diagrams- Translation to Mask Form.

UNIT-III:
BASIC CIRCUIT CONCEPTS: Sheet Resistance, Sheet Resistance concept applied to MOS transistors and
Inverters, Area Capacitance of Layers, Standard unit of capacitance, The Delay Unit, Inverter Delays,
Propagation Delays, Wiring Capacitances, Fan-in and fan-out characteristics, Choice of layers, Transistor
switches, Realization of gates using NMOS, PMOS and CMOS technologies.
SUBSYSTEM DESIGN: Architectural issues, switch logic, Gate logic, examples of structured design, clocked
sequential circuits, system considerations, general considerations of subsystem design processes, an
illustrationof design processes.

UNIT-IV:
VLSI DESIGN ISSUES: VLSI Design issues and design trends, design process, design for testability,
technology options, power calculations, package selection, clock mechanisms, mixed signal design, ASIC design
flow, FPGA design flow, introduction to SoC design.
FPGA DESIGN: Basic FPGA architecture, FPGA configuration, configuration modes, FPGA design process-
FPGA design flow, FPGA families, FPGA design examples-stack, queue and shift register implementation using
VHDL, step-by-step approach of FPGA design process on Xilinx environment.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Essentials of VLSI Circuits and Systems - Kamran Eshraghian, Douglas and A. Pucknell
andSholehEshraghian, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, 2005 Edition.
2. VLSI Design-Black Book by Dr. K.V.K.K. Prasad, Kattula Shyamala, Kogent Learning
SolutionsInc.2012 Edition.
3. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design- Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici,
TataMcGraw-Hill Education, 2003.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. VLSI Design By A.Albert Raj & T.Latha,PHI Learning Private Limited,2010
2. VLSI Design-A.Shanthi and A.Kavita, New Age International Private Limited, 2006 First Edition.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Elective - I
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC505B Digital IC Design 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 The student will be able to understand the MOS Design.
 In this course, students can study Combinational MOS Logic Circuits and Sequential MOS Logic Circuits.
 Another main object of this course is to motivate the graduate students to design and to develop the
DigitalIntegrated Circuits for different Applications.
 The concepts of Semiconductor Memories, Flash Memory, RAM array organization.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Understand the concepts of MOS Design.
 Design and analysis of Combinational and Sequential MOS Circuits.
 Extend the Digital IC Design to Different Applications.
 Understand the Concepts of Semiconductor Memories, Flash Memory, RAM array organization.

UNIT- I:
MOS DESIGN: Pseudo NMOS Logic – Inverter, Inverter threshold voltage, output high voltage, Output Low
voltage, gain at gate threshold voltage, Transient response, Rise time, Fall time, Pseudo NMOS logic gates,
Transistor equivalency, CMOS Inverter logic.

UNIT -II:
COMBINATIONAL MOS LOGIC CIRCUITS: MOS logic circuits with NMOS loads, Primitive CMOS
logic gates – NOR & NAND gate, Complex Logic circuits design – Realizing Boolean expressions using NMOS
gates and CMOS gates, AOI and OIA gates, CMOS full adder, CMOS transmission gates, Designing with
Transmission gates.
UNIT- III:
SEQUENTIAL MOS LOGIC CIRCUITS: Behavior of bistable elements, SR Latch, clocked latch and flip
flop circuits, CMOS D latch and edge triggered flip-flop.
DYNAMIC LOGIC CIRCUITS: Basic principle, Voltage Bootstrapping, Synchronous dynamic pass
transistor circuits, Dynamic CMOS transmission gate logic, High performance Dynamic CMOS circuits

UNIT- IV:
INTERCONNECT: Capacitive Parasitic, Resistive Parasitic, Inductive Parasitic, Advanced Interconnect
Techniques.
SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORIES: Memory Types, RAM array organization, DRAM – Types, Operation,
Leakage currents in DRAM cell and refresh operation, SRAM operation Leakage currents in SRAM cells, Flash
Memory- NOR flash and NAND flash.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Digital Integrated Circuits – A Design Perspective, Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha Chandrakasan,
BorivojeNikolic,2ndEd., PHI,2016.
2. Digital Integrated Circuit Design – Ken Martin, Oxford UniversityPress,2011.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design – Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici,
TMH, 3rdEd.,2011.
2. CMOS VLSI Design – Neil H.E Weste, David harris, Ayan Banerjee 3rdEdition, Pearson,2006.
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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Elective - I
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC505C Optoelectronics 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To review basic semiconductor theory.
 To introduce the concepts of LED.
 To teach the principle of stimulated emission and devices based on it.
 To equip the student with the knowledge of Photovoltaic and display devices.
 To introduce the knowledge of optoelectronics modulators.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Understand various kinds of semiconductor materials used in optoelectronics.
 Understand the mechanisms of light absorption and emission in p-n junctions.
 Use photodiodes, LEDs, and laser diodes for various applications

UNIT -I:
SEMICONDUCTOR THEORY: Basic quantum mechanics, semiconductor statistics, carrier transport, optical
processes, and junction theory, Properties of simple and compound semiconductors, Optical absorption, Optical
recombination, Recombination and carrier lifetime.

UNIT -II:
LIGHT EMITTING DIODES: Energy Bands. Direct and Indirect Band Gap Semiconductors: E-k Diagrams.
pn Junction Principles. The pn Junction Band Diagram. Light Emitting Diodes. LED Materials. Heterojunction
High Intensity LEDs. LED Characteristics. LEDs for Optical Fiber Communications, White LED for display
and lighting applications.

UNIT -III:
STIMULATED EMISSION DEVICES: Stimulated Emission and Photon Amplification. Stimulated Emission
Rate and Einstein Coefficients. Optical Fiber Amplifiers. LASER Oscillation Conditions. Principle of the Laser
Diode. Hetero structure Laser Diodes. Rate Equation- Characteristics. Light Emitters for Optical Fiber
Communications. Quantum Well and Quantum dot Devices. Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs).
Optical Laser Amplifiers.

UNIT -IV:
PHOTOVOLTAICS AND DISPLAY DEVICES: Photovoltaic Device Principles. pn Junction Photovoltaic
I- V Characteristics. Solar Cells Materials, Devices and Efficiencies. Liquid crystal displays, Reflective and
Transreflective types, TFT displays, Plasma displays, LED TV

TEXT BOOKS:
1. S. O. Kasap, "Optoelectronics and Photonics: Principles and Practices", Pearson, 2013.
2. Michael Parker, "Physics of optoelectronics", CRC press, 2018.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. P. N. Prasad, "Nano photonics", John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
2. Deng-Ke Yang, Shin Tson Wu, "Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices", Revised edition, John
Wileyand sons, 2015.
3. Saleh and Teich, "Fundamentals of Photonics", Wiley Inter science, 2nd Edition, 2013.
4. J. Singh, "Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor Structures Cambridge
universitypress, 2007.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Core courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC506 Digital Communications Lab. 0 0 3 1.5

Course Description: The students are required to design the circuit and observe the functionality of
different modulation and frequency modulation techniques. Further they are required to verify the
result using necessary hardware equipment.

List of Experiments: Minimum Ten Experiments to be done:

1. Time division multiplexing and Demultiplexing.

2. Pulse code modulation.

3. Differential pulse code modulation.

4. Delta modulation.

5. Frequency shift keying.

6. Phase shift keying.

7. Differential phase shift keying.

8. Companding and Expanding.

9. Source Encoder and Decoder.

10. Linear Block Code-Encoder and Decoder.

11. Binary Cyclic Code - Encoder and Decoder.

12. Convolution Code - Encoder and Decoder.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Professional Core courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC507 Linear IC Applications Lab 0 0 3 1.5

COURSE DESCRIPTION: The students are required to design the circuit and observe the
functionality of thecircuits. Further they are required to verify the result using necessary hardware
equipment.
List of Experiments: Minimum Ten Experiments to be conducted

PART -A (ANY 6 EXPERIMENTS SHOULD BE DONE)

1. Study of Op-Amp.

2. OP AMP Applications – Adder, Sub tractor, Comparator Circuits.

3. Integrator and Differentiator Using IC 741.

4. Active Filters – LPF & HPF Using IC 741.

5. RC Phase Shift Oscillator Using IC 741.

6. Wein Bridge Oscillator Using IC 741.

7. D/A Conversion Using IC 741.

8. Monostable Multivibrator Using 555 Timer.

9. Astable Multivibrator Using 555 Timer.

10. Schmitt Trigger Using 555 Timer.

11. Phase Locked Loop Using 555 Timer.

12. Sampling gates.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Skill Development Course
L T P C
SDC-EC508 Skill Development
Internal:50 External:50 1 0 2 2
Course

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To gain an in depth understanding of VHDL and to realize different circuits using in both combinational
and sequential.
 To learn the concept of Memories and how they are designed using VHDL
 To gain an understanding of Applications of VHDL in PLD’s and FPGA’s

COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Explain VHDL as a Programming Language
 Design the combinational and sequential language circuits using VHDL
 Design programmable logic Devices (PLD’s) and Arithmetic Operations
 To gain proficiency with VHDL software package to solve problems on a wide range of Digital Circuits

UNIT – I:
Introduction, Basic Elements of VHDL - Entity, Architecture, VHDL objects, VHDL types -
Predefined types, User-defined types, Examples, Operators. Basic Structure of a Source File in
VHDL - Concurrent statements - WHEN-ELSE, WITH-SELECT-WHEN, Conditional statements : IF-
THEN-ELSE, CASE-WHEN, FOR-LOOP, WHILE-LOOP, Process statement, Structural description,
Examples.

UNIT – II:
Simulation of a VHDL Code: Steps of simulation, Simulation statements, Simulation
templates in VHDL, Description of Sequential Logic: Sequential hardware, Counters,
Examples, Design of a Finite State Machine (FSM), Functions, Procedures and Packages:
Functions, Procedures, Examples, Design of a RAM Memory

The following experiments to be Solved through VHDL using Xilinx

Implement these experiments in Data Flow / Behavioral / Structural models

1. Full Adder
2. Multiplexer (8:1)
3. Demultiplexer (1:8)
4. Encoder without Priority
5. Encoder with Priority
6. Decoder (3:8)
7. Bit Comparator
8. JK Flip‐Flop
9. D Flip‐Flop
10. Asynchronous Binary Up Counter .

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ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS:
1. Binary to Gray
2. T Flip‐Flop
3. Synchronous Binary Up Counter

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Stephen Brown and Zvonko Vranesic,” Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design” , Mc-
Graw-Hill (2nd edition).ISBN-10: 0077211642

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Peter J. Ashenden, “Designers guide to VHDL “,Morgan Kaufman Publishers. 3rd edition, ISBN-10:
0120887851.
2. VHDL Primer, J Bhaskar

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-I Semester Mandatory Course (AICTE suggested)
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 MC-EC509 Constitution of India 2 0 0 0
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 To Enable the student to understand the importance of constitution.
 To understand the structure of executive, legislature and judiciary.
 To understand philosophy of fundamental rights and duties.
 To understand the autonomous nature of constitutional bodies like Supreme Court and
high courtcontroller and auditor general of India and election commission of India.
 To understand the central and state relation financial and administrative.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the semester/course, the student will be able to have a clear knowledge on the following:
 Understand historical background of the constitution making and its importance for building a
democratic India.
 Understand the functioning of three wings of the government ie., executive, legislative and judiciary.
 Understand the value of the fundamental rights and duties for becoming good citizen of India.
 Analyze the decentralization of power between central, state and local self-government.
 Apply the knowledge in strengthening of the constitutional institutions like CAG, Election
Commissionand UPSC for sustaining democracy.
UNIT -I:
Introduction To Indian Constitution: Constitution meaning of the term, Indian Constitution - Sources and
constitutional history, Features - Citizenship, Preamble, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Directive Principles
of State Policy.
UNIT -II:
Union Government And Its Administration Structure Of The Indian Union:
Federalism, Centre- State relationship, President: Role, power and position, PM and Council of ministers,
Cabinet and Central Secretariat, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, The Supreme Court and High Court: Powers and
Functions; State Government and its Administration Governor - Role and Position - CM and Council of
ministers, State Secretariat: Organization, Structure and Functions.
UNIT -III:
Local Administration - District’s Administration Head - Role and Importance, Municipalities - Mayor and role
of Elected Representative - CEO of Municipal Corporation.
Pachayatiraj: Functions PRI: Zilla Panchayat, Elected officials and their roles, CEO Zilla Panchayat: Block
level Organizational Hierarchy - (Different departments), Village level - Role of Elected and Appointed
officials - Importance of grass root democracy.
UNIT -IV:
Election Commission: Election Commission- Role of Chief Election Commissioner and Election
Commissioner ate State Election Commission: Functions of Commissions for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC and
women.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Durga Das Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Prentice – Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. NewDelhi.
2. SubashKashyap, Indian Constitution, National Book Trust .
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. J.A. Siwach, Dynamics of Indian Government &Politics.
2. D.C. Gupta, Indian Government and Politics

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

III B. TECH , II Semester (VI Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks
Microprocessors and
PCC-EC601 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Microcontrollers
PCC-EC602 Microwave Engineering 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

PCC-EC603 Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

Professional Elective Course - II
A. Computer Networks
Engineering.
PEC-EC604 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Artificial Neural Networksand
Fuzzy Logic.
C. Bio-Medical Engineering.
Open Elective Course - II
A. Python Programming
OEC-EC605 B. Object Oriented Programming 2 0 0 25 75 100 3
Through Java.
C. Machine Learning.
Microprocessors and
LC-EC606 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Microcontrollers Lab
LC-EC607 Microwave Engineering Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC608 Digital Signal Processing Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC609 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 11 325 575 900 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week. Twomonths Summer Internship/Technical Course mandatory after Third year which can be evaluated
during VII Semester.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Core Courses
L T P C
PCC-EC601 Microprocessors and
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
Microcontrollers

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are
 To acquire knowledge on microprocessors and microcontrollers.
 To select processors based on requirements.
 To acquire the knowledge on interfacing various peripherals, configure and develop
programs tointerface peripherals/sensors.
 To develop programs efficiently on ARM Cortex processors and debug.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Understand the architecture of microprocessor/ microcontroller and their operation.
 Demonstrate programming skills in assembly language for processors and Controllers.
 Analyze various interfacing techniques and apply them for the design of processor/Controller
basedsystems.
 Understand the Architecture of 8051 and its programming.
 To understand the programs efficiently on ARM Cortex processors and debug.

UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: Basic Microprocessor architecture, Harvard and Von Neumann architectures with
examples, Microprocessor Unit versus Microcontroller Unit, CISC and RISC architectures.
8086 ARCHITECTURE: Main features, pin diagram/description, 8086 microprocessor family, internal
architecture, bus interfacing unit, execution unit, interrupts and interrupt response, 8086 system timing,
minimum mode and maximum mode configuration.
8086 PROGRAMMING: Program development steps, instructions, addressing modes, assembler directives,
writing simple programs with an assembler, assembly language program development tools.

UNIT -II:
8086 Interfacing: Semiconductor memories interfacing (RAM, ROM), Intel 8255 programmable peripheral
interface, interfacing switches and LEDS, interfacing seven segment displays, software and hardware interrupt
applications, Intel 8251 USART architecture and interfacing, Intel 8237a DMA controller, stepper motor, A/D
and D/A converters, Need for 8259 programmable interrupt controllers.

UNIT -III:
INTEL 8051 MICROCONTROLLER
Architecture, Hardware concepts, Input/output ports and circuits, external memory, counters/timers, serial data
input/output, interrupts. Assembly language programming: Instructions, addressing modes, simple programs.
Interfacing to 8051: A/D and D/A Convertors, Stepper motor interface, keyboard, LCD Interfacing, Traffic light
control.

UNIT -IV:
ARM ARCHITECTURES AND PROCESSORS: ARM Architecture, ARM Processors Families, ARM
Cortex-M Series Family, ARM Cortex-M3 Processor Functional Description, functions and interfaces.
Programmers Model – Modes of operation and execution, Instruction set summary, System address map, write
buffer, bit-banding, processor core register summary, exceptions. ARM Cortext-M3 programming – Software
delay, Programming techniques, Loops, Stack and Stack pointer, subroutines and parameter passing, parallel
I/O, Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller – functional description and NVIC programmers’ model.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. N. Sentil Kumar, M. Saravanan, S. Jeevananthan, “Microprocessors and Microcontrollers”,
OxfordUniversity Press, 2010.
2. Microprocessors and Interfacing – Programming and Hardware by Douglas V Hall, SSSP
Rao, TataMcGraw Hill Education Private Limited, 3rdEdition,1994.
3. A.K.Ray, K.M.Bhurchandi ,”Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals”, Tata McGraw Hill
Publications, 2000.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Ajay V Deshmukh,” Microcontrollers”, TATA McGraw Hill publications, 2012.
2. The 8051 Microcontrollers and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C, Muhammad Ali
Mazidiand Janice Gillespie Mazidi and Rollin D. McKinlay; Pearson 2-Edition, 2011.
3. Krishna Kant, “Microprocessors and Microcontrollers”, PHI Publications, 2010.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Core Courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC602 Microwave Engineering. 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are
 To study the Performance of Microwave components and Microwave Tubes.
 Understand Design microwave components such as hybrid junctions, ferrite devices, and phase shifters.
 Use appropriate resources to solve the problems related to microwave communication systems.
 To understand the various antennas.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 To understand different modes in transmission lines.
 Understand and Calculate S-matrix for various waveguide components and splitting the microwave
energyin a desired direction.
 Measure various microwave parameters using a Microwave test bench.

UNIT -I:
MICROWAVE COMPONENTS:
Introduction to Microwaves and their applications, Coaxial Line Components, Wave-guide Components,
Directional Couplers, Hybrid Tee Junction, Magic Tee, Attenuators, Ferrite Devices, Isolators, Circulators,
Cavity Resonators, Re-entrant Cavities, Wave-meters, Microwave Filters, Detectors, Mixers

UNIT -II:
MICROWAVE SIGNAL GENERATORS AND AMPLIFIERS:
Vacuum Tube Triodes, Resonant Cavity Devices, Reflex Klystron, two – Cavity Klystron, Multi – Cavity
Klystron, Slow – Wave Devices, TWT, Crossed Field Devices, Magnetrons, Semiconductor Devices,
Microwave BJTs, FETs, Tunnel Diodes, Gunn Diode, IMPATT, TRAPATT Diodes.

UNIT -III:
MICROWAVE CIRCUITS: Scattering Matrix and its Properties, Scattering Matrix of directional
coupler,circulator, E Plane Tee, H plane Tee and Magic Tee.
MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS:
Materials, Substrate, Conductor, Dielectric and Resistive Materials, MMIC Growth, Fabrication
Techniques,MOSFET Fabrication, NMOS Growth and CMOS Development, Thin Film Formation.
UNIT -IV:
MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS:
Guide Wavelength, Coupling and Directivity measurements. Description of Microwave Bench – Different
Blocks and their features, Precautions; Microwave Power Measurement – Bolometer Method, Measurement of
Attenuation, Frequency, VSWR, and Impedance Measurement.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. M. Kulkarni, “Microwave and Radar Engineering”, Umesh publications, 1998.
2. Microwave and Radar Engineering – G Sasibhushana Rao Pearson
3. Microwave Communications – Components and Circuits, E. Hund, McGraw Hil
4. Microwave Devices and Circuits, S. Y. Liao, PHI.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Annapurna Das and Sisir K. Das, “Microwave Engineering” Tata Mc Graw-Hill, 2000.
2. Foundations for Microwave Engineering, R. R. Collin, McGraw Hill.
3. Microwave Engineering, R. Chatarjee, East – West Press Pvt. Ltd.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Core Courses
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PCC-EC603 Digital Signal Processing. 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to
 To Analyze the discrete-time signals and systems in time and frequency domains.
 Able to Know the importance of FFT algorithm for computation of Discrete Fourier Transform.
 Understand the various implementations of digital filter structures.
 To Learn the FIR and IIR Filter design procedures.
 To Learn the concepts of DSP Processors

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Analyze and process signals in the time-domain and transform domain.
 Use the FFT algorithm for solving the DFT of a given signal.
 Design a Digital filter (FIR&IIR) from the given specifications and Realize the FIR and IIR
structuresfrom the designed digital filter.
 Realize the FIR and IIR structures from the designed digital filter.
 Understand the signal processing concepts on DSP Processor.

UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing: Discrete-time signals & sequences,
Classification of discrete-time systems, stability and causality of LTI systems, Response of LTI systems to
arbitrary inputs. Solution of linear constant coefficient difference equations. Discrete-time Fourier Transform
(DTFT), Frequency domain representation of discrete-time signals and systems. Review of Z-transforms,
solution of difference equations using Z-transforms, System function.

UNIT- II:
DISCRETE FOURIER SERIES & FOURIER TRANSFORMS: Properties of discrete Fourier series, DFS
representation of periodic sequences, Discrete Fourier transforms: Properties of DFT, linear filtering methods
based on DFT, Fast Fourier transforms (FFT)-Radix-2 decimation-in-time and decimation-in-frequency FFT
Algorithms, Inverse FFT, Circular convolution and linear convolution using DFT.

UNIT -III:
DESIGNOF IIR DIGITAL FILTERS& REALIZATIONS: Analog filter approximations – Butterworth
and Chebyshev, Design of IIR Digital filters from analog filters, Design Examples, Analog and Digital
frequency transformations. Basic structures of IIR systems, Transposed forms.
DESIGN OF FIR DIGITAL FILTERS & REALIZATIONS: Characteristics of FIR Digital Filters,
Frequency response. Design of FIR Digital Filters using Window technique and Frequency Sampling technique,
Comparison of IIR & FIR filters. Basic structures of FIR systems.

UNIT -IV:
INTRODUCTION TO DSP PROCESSORS: Introduction to programmable DSPs: Multiplier and Multiplier
Accumulator, Modified bus structures and memory access schemes in P-DSPs, Multiple Access Memory, Multi
ported memory, VLIW architecture, Pipelining, Special addressing modes, On-Chip Peripherals. Architecture
of TMS320C5X: Introduction, Bus Structure, Central Arithmetic Logic Unit, Auxiliary Register ALU, Index
Register, Block Move Address Register, Parallel Logic Unit, Memory mapped registers, program controller,
some flags in the status registers, On- chip memory, On-chip peripherals.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms and Applications: John G. Proakis, Dimitris G.
Manolakis, Pearson Education/PHI,2007.
2. Discrete Time Signal Processing, A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schaffer, PHI,2010.
3. Digital Signal Processors, Architecture, Programming andApplications, B.Venkataramani, M.
Bhaskar,TMH,2002.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Digital Signal Processing: Andreas Antoniou, TATA McGraw Hill, 2006
2. Digital Signal Processing: MH Hayes, Schaum’s Outlines, TATA Mc-Graw Hill, 2007.
3. Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing using Matlab – Robert J. Schilling, Sandra L.
Harris,Thomson,2007.
4. Digital Signal Processing – Alan V. Oppenheim, Ronald W. Schafer, PHI Ed., 2006.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Elective Course - II
L T P C
PEC-EC604A Computer Networks
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
Engineering.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to
 To study the different types of layers and the computer network.
 To know the various media and interfacing networks.
 Understand the different routing techniques.
 Understand about Application Layer.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Understand about introduction of Computer Networks, Reference Models, Brief review of Physical
Layerand Data Link Layer, Medium Access Control Sub Layer, Network Layer.
 Understand about Internetworking, IPv4, IPv6, IP Address, other Protocols.
 Understand about Transport Layer, UDP, TCP.
 Understand about Application Layer, DNS, Email, WWW, HTTP, FTP.

UNIT –I:
INTRODUCTION: Uses of Computer Networks, Local Area Networks, Metropolitan Area Networks, Wide
Area Networks, Protocol Hierarchies, Design |Issues for the layers, Connection –Oriented and Connection
Less
– Services, Service Primitives, The relationship to services to Protocols, OSI Reference Model,
TCP/’IP reference Model, Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Reference Model, OSI Model protocols,
UNIT -II:
PHYSICAL LAYER: Theoretical basis for Data Communication: Fourier Analysis, Bandwidth Limited
Signals, the Maximum Data Rate of a Channel, Guided Transmission Media: Magnetic Media, Twisted Pair,
Coaxial Cable, Fiber Optics
DATA LINK LAYER: Data Link Layer Design issues: Services Provided to the Network layer, Framing, Error
Control, Flow Control, Error Correcting Codes, Error Detecting Codes, Elementary Data Link Protocols: An Un
restricted Simplex Protocols, A Simplex stop and wait protocol Multiple Access Controls: ALOHA, Carrier
Sense Multiple Access Protocols, Collision Free Protocols, Wavelength Division Multiple Access Protocols,
Ethernet, Bluetooth
UNIT- III:
NETWORK LAYER: Network layer Design issues: Store and Forward Packet Switching, Services provided
to the Transport |Layer, Implementation of Connection less and Connection Oriented Services, Routing
Algorithms: the optimality Principle, Shortest Path Routing, Flooding, Distance Vector Routing, Link State
Routing, Hierarchical Routing, Broadcast Routing, Multitask Routing, Routing to Ad-hoc Networks, Node
looking in Peer to Peer Networks Internet Working.
TRANSPORT LAYER: The Transport service: Service provided to the Upper Layers, Transport Layer
Primitives, Elements of Transport Protocols: Addressing, Connection Establishment and release, Flow Control
and Buffering
UNIT -IV:
APPLICATION LAYER: Domain Name System: The DNS name Space, Resource records, Name Servers, E-
Mail: Architecture and Services, the User Agent, Message Formats and Transfer, Final Delivery, World Wide
Web: Architectural Overview, Static WEB Documents, Dynamic WEB Documents, HTTP, Performance
Enhancements, The Wireless WEB

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computer Networks, Andrews S. Tenenbaum, Edition 5, PHI, ISBN:81-203-1165-5 .
2. Data Communications and Networking, Behrouz A Forouzan, TMH, 2nd Edition, ISBN:
0-07-049935-7

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Computer Networks, mayank Dev, CENGAGE.
2. Computer Networks, A system Approach, 5th Edition, Larry L Perterson & Bruce S Davie, Elsevier.
3. An Engineering Approach to Computer Networks – S. Keshav, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education.
4. Understanding Communications & Networks, 3rdedition, W.A. Shay, Thomson.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Elective Course - II
L T P C
PEC-EC604B Artificial Neural Networks
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
And Fuzzy Logic.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To provide an introduction to the field of artificial neural networks and machine learning.
 To teach students how to solve practical problems via implementation of these techniques via simulation.
 To promote further independent learning on the topics of artificial neural networks and machine learning.
 To know different types fuzzy logic networks and its applications.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 The concept of Artificial Neural Networks, Characteristics, Models of Neuron, Learning Rules,
LearningMethods, Stability and Convergence.
 Understand the basics of Pattern Recognition and Feed Forward Neural Networks.
 Understand the basics of Feedback neural networks and Boltzmann machine.
 Understand and use of component learning networks.
UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION TO NEURAL NETWORKS: Introduction, Humans and Computers, Organization of the
Brain, Biological Neuron, Biological and Artificial Neuron Models, Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron Model,
Integrate- and-Fire Neuron Model, Spiking Neuron Model, Characteristics of ANN, McCulloch-Pitts Model,
Historical Developments, Potential Applications of ANN.
UNIT -II:
ESSENTIALS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS: Artificial Neuron Model, Operations of Artificial
Neuron, Types of Neuron Activation Function, ANN Architectures, Classification Taxonomy of ANN –
Connectivity, Neural Dynamics (Activation and Synaptic), Learning Strategy (Supervised, Unsupervised,
Reinforcement), Learning Rules, Types of Application.

UNIT III:
FORWARD NEURAL SINGLE LAYER FEED NETWORKS: Introduction, Perception Models: Discrete,
Continuous and Multi-Category, Training Algorithms: Discrete and Continuous Perception Networks,
Perception Convergence theorem, Limitations of the Perception Model, Applications.

UNIT IV:
FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM COMPONENTS: Fuzzification, Membership value assignment, development of
rule base and decision making system, Defuzzification to crisp sets, Defuzzification methods. Neural network
applications: Process identification, control, fault diagnosis and load forecasting. Fuzzy logic applications:
Fuzzy logic control and Fuzzy classification.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic, Genetic algorithms: synthesis and applications by Rajasekharan and
Rai –PHI Publication.
2. Introduction to Neural Networks using MATLAB 6.0 - S.N.Sivanandam, S.Sumathi, S.N.Deepa,
TMH,2006..
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Neural Networks – James A Freeman and Davis Skapura, Pearson Education, 2002.
2. Neural Networks – Simon Hakins, Pearson Education.
3. Neural Engineering by C.Eliasmith and CH.Anderson, PHI.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Elective Course - II
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC604C Bio-Medical Engineering. 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To about man instrumentation system and its components.
 To Study about electrodes and transducers related to biomedical engineering
 To analyze the cardiovascular waveforms and respiratory parameters.
 To understand patient care monitoring system.
 To study diagnostics techniques in biomedical engineering.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 To about the fizziology of human system and man instrumentation system and its components.
 To understand about electrode theory, cardiovascular and repertory measurements.
 To understand about elements of patient care monitoring system.
 To understand about diagnostics techniques in the field of biomedical engineering.
UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION: Age of Biomedical Engineering,
Development of Biomedical Instrumentation, Man Instrumentation System, Components of the Man-
Instrument System, Physiological System of the Body, Problems Encountered in Measuring a Living System,
Sources of Bioelectric Potentials, Muscle, Bioelectric Potentials, Sources of Bioelectric Potentials, Resting and
Action Potentials, Propagation of Action Potential, Bioelectric Potentials-ECG, EEG and EMG, Envoked
Responses.
UNIT -II:
ELECTRODES AND TRANSDUCERS: Introduction, Electrode Theory, Bio-potential Electrodes, Examples
of Electrodes, Basic Transducer Principles, Biochemical Transducers, The Transducer and Transduction
Principles, Active Transducers, Passive Transducers, Transducers for Biomedical Applications, Pulse Sensors,
Respiration Sensor, Transducers with Digital Output.
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND MEASUREMENTS: The Heart and Cardiovascular System, Electro
Cardiograph, Blood Pressure Measurement, Measurement of Blood Flow and Cardiac Output, Measurement of
Heart Sound, Plethysmography.
UNIT -III:
PATIENT CARE AND MONITORING: Elements of Intensive-Care Monitoring, Patient Monitoring
Displays, Diagnosis, Calibration and Repair ability of Patient-Monitoring Equipment, Other Instrumentation for
Monitoring Patients, Organization of the Hospital for Patient-Care Monitoring, Pacemakers, Defibrillators,
Radio Frequency Applications of Therapeutic use.
THERAPEUTIC AND PROSTHETIC DEVICES: Audiometers and Hearing Aids, Myoelectric Arm,
Laparoscope, Ophthalmology Instruments, Anatomy of Vision, Electrophysiological Tests, Ophthalmoscope,
Tonometer for Eye Pressure Measurement, Diathermy, Clinical Laboratory Instruments, Biomaterials,
Stimulators.
UNIT- IV:
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES AND BIO-TELEMETRY: Principles of Ultrasonic Measurement, Ultrasonic
Imaging, Ultrasonic Applications of Therapeutic Uses, Ultrasonic Diagnosis, X-Ray and Radio-Isotope
Instrumentations, CAT Scan, Emission Computerized Tomography, MRI, Introduction to Biotelemetry,
Physiological Parameters Adaptable to Biotelemetry, The Components of Biotelemetry System, Implantable
Units, Telemetry for ECG Measurements during Exercise, Telemetry for Emergency Patient Monitoring.
Monitors, Recorders and Shock Hazards: Bio-potential Amplifiers, Monitors, Recorders.
MONITORS, RECORDERS AND SHOCK HAZARDS: Bio potential Amplifiers, Monitors, Recorders,
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Shock Hazards and Prevention, Physiological Effects and Electrical Current, Shock Hazards from Electrical
Equipment, Methods of Accident Prevention, Isolated Power Distribution System.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. “Bio-Medical Electronics and Instrumentation”, Onkar N. Pandey, Rakesh Kumar, Katson Books.
2. “Bio-Medical Instrumentation”, Cromewell , Wiebell, Pfeiffer.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. “Introduction to Bio-Medical Equipment Technology”, 4th Edition, Joseph J. Carr, John M.
Brown,Pearson Publications.
2. Hand Book of Bio-Medical Instrumentation – R.S. Khandpur, (TMH).
3. “Hand Book of Bio-Medical Instrumentation”, Instrumentation”, Kandahar. Mc GrawHill

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Open Elective Course - II
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC605A Python Programming. 2 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of this course include:
 To learn about Introduction to Python, Syntax and Semantics, Control Flow Statements,
Sequences andDictionaries, Functions and lambda expressions.
 To learn about Iterations and Comprehensions, Classes.
 To learn about the Network and Web Programming.
 To learn about the GUI Programming and Database Connectivity.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
The students should be able to:
 Able to understand about the Introduction to Python, Syntax and Semantics, Control Flow
Statements,Sequences and Dictionaries, Functions and lambda expressions.
 Able to understand about Iterations and Comprehensions, Classes and OOP, Exception
Handling,Strings and Regular Expressions.
 Able to understand the Network and Web Programming.
 Able to understand about the GUI Programming and Database Connectivity.

UNIT- I:
CORE PYTHON BASICS: Introduction to Python, Python Interpreter and its working, Syntax and Semantics,
Data Types, Assignments and Expressions, Control Flow Statements, Sequences and Dictionaries, Functions
and lambda expressions.

UNIT -II:
CORE PYTHON ADVANCED FEATURES: Iterations and Comprehensions, Handling text files, Modules,
Classes and OOP, Exception Handling, Strings and Regular Expressions.

UNIT -III:
NETWORK AND WEB PROGRAMMING: Socket Programming: Handling Multiple Clients, Client side
scripting, urlib, Server Side Scripting: CGI Scripts with User Interaction, Passing Parameters.

UNIT -IV:
GUI PROGRAMMING AND DATABASE CONNECTIVITY: Introduction to tkinter, Top Level Windows,
Dialogs, Message and Entry, Event Handling, Menus, List boxes and Scrollbars, Text, SQL Database interfaces
with sqlite3: Basic operations and table load scripts.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mark Lutz,” Learning Python”, O Reily, 4thEdition,2009.
2. Mark Lutz,” Programming Python “, O Reily, 4thEdition,2010

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Tim Hall and J-P Stacey,” Python 3 for Absolute Beginners” ,2009.
2. Magnus Lie Hetland , “Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional”, 2nd Edition,2009.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Open Elective Course - II
L T P C
OEC-EC605B: Object Oriented
Internal:25 External:75 2 0 0 3
ProgrammingThrough Java.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To understand the various data types and its operations and also to know the class techniques.
 To know the different types of Inheritance concepts.
 Understand the web applets and different threading concepts.
 Overall development of problem solving and critical analysis.
 To know Applet Programming, HTML, Graphics Programming, Managing Input/ Output files.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Understand about Fundamentals of Object Oriented Programming, Java Evolution, Overview
of JavaLanguage, Constants, Variables and Data Types.
 Understand about Operators and Expressions, Decision Making and Branching, Decision
Making andLooping, Classes, Objects and Methods.
 Understand about Arrays, Strings and Vectors, Interfaces, Packages, Multi-Threaded Programming.
 Understand about Managing Errors and Exception, Applet Programming, HTML, Graphics
Programming,Managing Input/Output files in Java.

UNIT - I:
INTRODUCTION TO OOP: Introduction, Need of Object Oriented Programming, Principles of Object
Oriented Languages, Procedural languages Vs OOP, Applications of OOP, History of JAVA, Java Virtual
Machine, Java Features, Program structures, Installation of JDK1.6, Programming Constructs: Variables,
Primitive Data types, Identifiers- Naming Conventions, Keywords, Literals, Operators-Binary, Unary and
ternary, Expressions, Precedence rules and Associativity, Primitive Type Conversion and Casting, Flow of
control-Branching, Conditional, loops. Classes and Objects- classes, Objects, Creating Objects, Methods,
Constructors-Constructor overloading, cleaning up unused Objects-Garbage collector, Class variable and
Methods-Static keyword, this keyword, Arrays, Command line arguments.
UNIT -II:
INHERITANCE: Types of Inheritance, deriving classes using extends keyword, Method overloading, super
keyword, final keyword, Abstract class. Interfaces, Packages and Enumeration: Interface-Extending interface,
Interface Vs Abstract classes, Packages-Creating packages, using Packages, Access protection, java. lang
package. Exceptions& Assertions – Introduction, Exception handling techniques- try… catch, throw, throws,
finally block, user defined exception, Exception Encapsulation and Enrichment, Assertions.
UNIT -III:
MULTITHREADING: java.lang.Thread, The main Thread, Creation of new threads, Thread priority,
Multithreading-Using is Alive () and join (), Synchronization, suspending and Resuming threads,
Communication between Threads Input /Output: reading and writing data, java.io package.
UNIT -IV:
Applets– Applet class, Applet structure, An Example Applet Program, Applet: Life Cycle, paint (), update () and
repaint () Event Handling -Introduction, Event Delegation Model, java.awt.event Description, Sources of Events,
Event Listeners, Adapter classes, Inner classes.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. The Complete Refernce Java, 8ed, Herbert Schildt, TMH.
2. JAVA for Beginners, 4e, Joyce Farrell, Ankit R. Bhavsar, Cengage Learning.
3. Object oriented programming with JAVA, Essentials and Applications, Raj Kumar Bhuyya,
Selvi, ChuTMH.

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REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Introduction to Java rogramming, 7th ed, Y Daniel Liang, Pearson.
2. JAVA Programming, K. Rajkumar. Pearson.
3. Core JAVA, Black Book, Nageswara Rao, Wiley, Dream Tech.
4. Core JAVA for Beginners, Rashmi Kanta Das, Vikas.
5. Object Oriented Programming through JAVA, P Radha Krishna, University Press.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Open Elective Course - II
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC605C Machine Learning. 2 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of this course include:
 To familiarize student's introduction with basic concepts.
 To learn about theories and advancements in ML and AI.
 Understanding the basics of text processing and various models.
 Able learn the graphical methods and learning interfaces.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
The student should be able to:
 Understand the concept of clustering methods.
 Understand the classifications and classify data points.
 To know the various processing methods.
 Understand how graphical models are used for supervised and unsupervised learning.

UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: ML/AI - AI Foundation, history of AI, latest advancements and applications Machine
Learning – I: Linear Regression - Learn to implement linear regression and predict continuous data values,
Clustering - Learn how to create segments based on similarities using K-Means and Hierarchical clustering.

UNIT -II:
MACHINE LEARNING – II: Naïve Bayes and Logistic regression - Understand how supervised learning is
used for classification, Support vector machines - Learn to classify data points using support vectors, decision
trees - Tree-based model that is simple and easy to use. Learn the fundamentals on how to implement them,
Multilayer feed forward networks and the back propagation algorithm.

UNIT -III:
NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING: Basics of text processing, lexical processing - Learn to extract
features from unstructured text and build machine learning models on text data, syntax and semantics - Conduct
sentiment analysis, learn to parse English sentences and extract meaning from them.

UNIT- IV:
GRAPHICAL MODELS: Introduction to Bayesian methods, Graphical models - Study probabilistic way of
modelling systems - Markov properties, Factor Graphs and Bayesian belief networks, Learning and Inference -
Learn how graphics models are used for supervised and unsupervised Learning.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Machine Learning, by Tom M Mitchell, Indian Edition, McGraw Hill, first Edition2017.
2. Deep Learning by Goodfellow, Bengio, Courville. The MIT Press,2016.
3. Elaine Rich and Kevin Knight, “Artificial Intelligence”, Tata McGraw Hill,3rd Edition2008.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Understanding Machine Learning: From Theory to Algorithms, by Shai Shalev-Shwartz and
Shai Ben-David, 1st Edition, Cambridge UniversityPress,2014.
2. Artificial Intelligence - A Modern Approach by Stuart Russell & Peter Nerving,
PrenticeHall,3rdEdition,2009.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Core courses Lab
L T P C
LC-EC606 Microprocessors and
Internal:50 External:50 0 0 3 1.5
Microcontrollers Lab.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
PART- A: 8086 Assembly Language Programming using Assembler
Directives(Minimum of 5 Experiments has to be performed)
1. Sorting.
2. Multi byte addition/subtraction.
3. Sum of squares/cubes of a given n-numbers.
4. Addition of n-BCD numbers.
5. Factorial of given n-numbers.
6. Multiplication and Division operations.
7. Stack operations.
8. BCD to Seven segment display codes.

PART- B: 8086 interfacing (Minimum of 3 Experiments has to be performed) Hardware/Software

Interrupt Application
1. A/D Interface through Intel 8255.
2. D/A Interface through Intel 8255.
3. Keyboard and Display Interface through Intel 8279.
4. Generation of waveforms using Intel 8253/8254.
PART- C: 8051 Assembly Language Programs (Minimum of 3 Experiments has to be performed)
1. Finding number of 1’s and number of 0’s in a given 8-bit number.
2. Addition of even numbers from a given array.
3. Ascending / Descending order.
4. Average of n-numbers.
PART-D: 8051 Interfacing (Minimum of 3 Experiments has to be performed)
1. Switches and LEDs.
2. 7-Segment display (multiplexed).
3. Stepper Motor Interface.
4. Traffic Light Controller.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Core Courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC607 Microwave Engineering Lab. 0 0 3 1.5

Minimum Twelve Experiments to be conducted:

Part – A: Experiments Based on Microwave Engineering (Any 7 Experiments)

1. Reflex Klystron Characteristics.

2. Gunn Diode Characteristics.

3. Attenuation Measurement.

4. Directional Coupler Characteristics.

5. Impedance and Frequency Measurement.

6. Scattering parameters of Circulator.

7. Scattering parameters of Magic Tee.

8. Radiation Pattern of Horn and Parabolic Antennas.

9. Synthesis of Microstip antennas (Rectangular Structure) Using HFSS.

Part – B: Experiments Based on Optical Communication (Any 5 Experiments)

1. Characterization of LED.

2. Characterization of Laser Diode.

3. Intensity modulation of Laser output through an optical fiber.

4. Measurement of Data rate for Digital Optical link.

5. Measurement of NA.

6. Measurement of losses for Analog Optical link.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Professional Core Courses Lab
L T P C
Internal:50 External:50 LC-EC608 Digital Signal Processing Lab. 0 0 3 1.5

LIST OF THE EXPERIMENTS: Any 10 Experiments Should Be Done

1. Generation of Discrete Time signals for discrete Signals Using MATLAB & CC Studio.

2. To verify Linear Convolution Using MATLAB & CC Studio.

3. To verify Circular Convolution Using MATLAB & CC Studio.

4. To find Addition of sinusoidal signals Using MATLAB & CC Studio.

5. To verify DFT and IDFT sinusoidal signals Using MATLAB & CC Studio.

6. Transfer Function Stability Analysis Using Pole-Zero Plot,bode-plot,Nyquist Plot, Z-Plane Plot

7. Frequency Response of IIR low pass Butterworth filter.

8. Frequency Response of IIR High pass Butterworth filter.

9. Frequency Response of IIR low pass Chebyshev filter.

10. Frequency Response of IIR High pass Chebyshev filter.

11. Frequency Response of FIR low pass using Rectangle Window.

12. Frequency Response of FIR low pass Using Triangle Window.

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Scheme and Credits

III Year-II Semester Soft Development Course
L T P C
Internal:50 Internal:50 SDC-EC609: Skill Development Course 1 0 2 2

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of this course are:
 To learn the MOS design Process Technology.
 To learn the design Rules and draw layout of top down approach.
 Understand and learn the graphical approach to floor planning.
 To study and know the concepts of FPGA and the different types FPGA Families

COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student will be able to
 Understand the electrical properties of MOS circuits and fabrication process.
 Understand and design various methodologies of CMOS.
 To Know the various electrical properties of MOS transistors.
 To understand and design propagation delays of various MOS circuits.
 Understand the concepts of FPGA and to Know the different types FPGA Families.

UNIT – I:
VLSI Technology: Introduction, Layout Rules and Circuit Abstraction, Cell Generation, Programmable Logic
Arrays, CMOS Functional Arrays, Layout Environments – Layout of Standard Cells, FPGAs Layout
Methodologies, Packaging,

UNIT – II:
The Top-Down Approach: Placement - Placement by Simulated Annealing, Partitioning Placement
Partitioning, Floor planning – Rectangular Graph Approach to Floorplanning, Simulated Annealing, Floor
plan Sizing, Routing – Fundamentals, Line Searching, Global Routing, Timing Driven Routing, Sequential
Approaches, Routing in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, Performance Issues in Circuit Layout.
Single-Layer Routing and Applications, Planar Subset Problem (PSP), General Regions without Holes, Single
Layer Global and Detailed Routing.

For Hands-On Skills;

Perform the following Experiments using any one of the Tool like - Mentor Graphics or Tanner
tools or Microwind EDA , Cadence Virtuoso tools

1. To plot the output characteristics, Transfer characteristics of an n-channel and p-channel MOSFET..

2. To design and plot the static (VTC) and dynamic characteristics of a digital CMOS inverter.

3. To design and plot the output characteristics of a 3-inverter ring oscillator

4. To design and plot the dynamic characteristics of 2-input NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR logic gates
using CMOS technology.

5. To design and plot the characteristics of a 4x1 digital multiplexer using pass transistor logic.

6. To design layout of NMOS and CMOS inverter.

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7. To design the layout of 2-input NAND, NOR gates.

8. Analysis of Frequency response of Common source amplifiers.

9. Analysis of Frequency response of Common drain amplifiers

10. Design and Simulation of Single Stage Cascode Amplifier

11. Design and Simulation of Basic Current Mirror, Cascode Current Mirror Amplifier

ADDITIONAL EXPERIMNENTS:
1. To design and plot the characteristics of a masterslave positive and negative edge triggered registers
based on multiplexers.
2. Design and simulation of a simple 5 transistor differential amplifier. Measure gain, ICMR, and CMRR.
3. To design and plot the characteristics of a positive and negative latch based on multiplexers.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. An Introduction to VLSI Physical Design - Majid Sarrafzadeh, C. K. Wong.lc 1996, Mcgraw-Hill College
2. Essentials of VLSI Circuits and Systems - Kamran Eshraghian, Douglas and A. Pucknell and Sholeh
Eshraghian, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, 2005 Edition.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Advanced Digital Design with the Verilog HDL, Michael D.Ciletti, Xilinx Design Series, Pearson
Education
2. Analysis and Design of Digital Integrated Circuits in Deep submicron Technology, 3’rd edition, David
Hodges

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ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)
IV B. TECH , I Semester (VII Semester)

Course Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

Code Title of the Course L T P Internal External Marks Credits
Professional Elective Course-III
PEC- EC701 A. Radar Engineering. 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Satellite Engineering.
C. Analog IC Design.
Professional Elective Course -IV
A. Electronic Measurements
PEC- EC702 and Instrumentations
B. Fibre optics and wireless 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
optical Communications.
C. Information Theory and
Coding
Professional Elective Course -V
PEC- EC703A. Mobile Cellular
Communications. 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Wireless Communication.
C. ASIC Design .
Open Elective Course - III
OEC-EC704 A. Digital Image Processing. 2 0 2 25 75 100 3
B. Software Defined Radio.
C. Television Engineering.
Open Elective Course - IV
OEC-EC705 A. Embedded System.
B. Global PositioningSystems. 2 0 2 25 75 100 3
C. Smart Antenna Systems .

HSMC-EC706 Management Science 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

SDC-EC707
Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2

Industrial Internship/Mini Project 2 Months

0 0 0 100 -- 100 3
(Mandatory) after Second year (to be evaluated
during V Semester
TOTAL CREDITS 17 0 06 300 500 800 23
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course-III
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC701A Radar Engineering. 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of this course include:
 The knowledge of different Antennas systems and communication equipment required for the
operationof RADAR.
 Different parameters of Transmitter and Receiver of RADAR
 The concept of Doppler Effect to measure parameters of RADAR.
 Different types of RADARS and applications based on the type of Transmitters, Receivers, and
theirfunctions.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 Acquire the knowledge to apply and to design required parameters for a RADAR system.
 Apply the techniques learned to choose suitable RADAR from the available for the required
application.
 Acquire the knowledge to identify the Noise and parameters required to reduce the Noise.

UNIT -I:
BASICS OF RADAR: Introduction, Maximum Unambiguous Range, simple Radar Range Equation, Radar
Block Diagram and Operation, Radar Frequencies and Applications. Prediction of Range Performance,
Minimum Detectable Signal, Receiver Noise, Illustrative Problems.
RADAR EQUATION: Modified Radar Range Equation, SNR, probability of detection, probability of False
Alarm, Integration of Radar Pulses, Radar Cross Section of Targets (simple targets - sphere, cone-sphere),
Creeping Wave, Transmitter Power, PRF and Range Ambiguities, System Losses (qualitative treatment)
Illustrative Problems.
UNIT- II:
CW AND FREQUENCY MODULATED RADAR: Doppler Effect, CW Radar – Block Diagram, Isolation
between Transmitter and Receiver, Non-zero IF Receiver, Receiver Bandwidth Requirements, Applications of
CW radar. Illustrative Problems.
FM-CW Radar: Range and Doppler Measurement, Block Diagram and Characteristics, FM-CW altimeter.
UNIT -III:
MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar: Introduction, Principle, MTI Radar with - Power Amplifier Transmitter and
Power Oscillator Transmitter, Delay Line Cancellers – Filter Characteristics, Blind Speeds, Double Cancellation,
Nth Cancellation Staggered PRFs. MTI Radar Parameters, Limitations to MTI Performance.
TRACKING RADAR: Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Mono pulse Tracking Radar –
Amplitude Comparison Mono pulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison Mono pulse, Tracking in
Range, Acquisition and Scanning Patterns, Comparison of Trackers.
UNIT -IV:
DETECTION OF RADAR SIGNALS IN NOISE: Matched Filter Receiver – Response Characteristics and
Derivation, Correlation detection and Cross Correlation Receiver, Efficiency of Non-Matched Filters, Matched
Filter with Non-white Noise, Noise Figure and Noise Temperature.
RADAR RECEIVERS: Displays – types. Duplexers – Branch type and Balanced type, Circulators as
Duplexers. Introduction to Phased Array Antennas – Basic Concepts, Advantages and Limitations. Radomes.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Radar Systems – Merrill I. Skolnik, TMH Special Indian Edition, 2nd Ed., 2007.
2. Microwave and Radar engineering, Gottapu Sasi Bhushan Rao, Pearson.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Radar Systems, 3rd edition – M.I. Skolnik, TMH Ed., 2005.
2. Radar: Principles, Technology, Applications – Byron Edde, Pearson Education, 2004.
3. Radar Principles – Peebles, Jr., P.Z., Wiley, New York, 1998.
4. Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles – Mark A. Richards, James A. Scheer, William A. Holm, Yesdee.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course-III
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC701B Satellite Engineering. 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be introduced to:
 Understand the basic concepts, applications, frequencies used and types of satellite Engineering.
 Understand the various satellite subsystems and its functionality
 Understand the concepts of satellite link design and calculation of C/N ratio.
 Understand the concepts of satellite navigation, architecture and applications of GPS.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 Students will understand the historical background, basic concepts and frequency allocations for
satellitecommunication
 Students will demonstrate orbital mechanics, launch vehicles and launchers
 Students will demonstrate the design of satellite links for specified C/N with system design examples.

UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: Origin of Satellite Engineering, Historical Back-ground, Basic Concepts of Satellite
Communications, Frequency allocations for Satellite Services, Applications, Future Trends of Satellite
Communications.
ORBITAL MECHANICS AND LAUNCHERS: Orbital Mechanics, Look Angle determination, Orbital
perturbations, Orbit determination, launches and launch vehicles, Orbital effects in communication
Systemsperformance.

UNIT- II:
SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS: Attitude and orbit control system, telemetry, tracking, Command and
monitoring, power systems, communication subsystems, Satellite antenna Equipment reliability and Space
qualification.
SATELLITE LINK DESIGN: Basic transmission theory, system noise temperature and G/T ratio, Design of
down links, up link design, Design of satellite links for specified C/N, System design example.

UNIT -III:
MULTIPLE ACCESS: Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) Intermodulation, Calculation of C/N.
Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) Frame structure, Examples. Satellite Switched TDMA Onboard
processing, DAMA, Code Division Multiple access (CDMA), Spread spectrum transmission and
reception.
EARTH STATION TECHNOLOGY: Introduction, Transmitters, Receivers, Antennas, Tracking Systems,
Terrestrial interface, Primary power test methods.

UNIT -IV:
LOW EARTH ORBIT AND GEO-STATIONARY SATELLITE SYSTEMS: Orbit consideration,
Coverage and frequency considerations, Delay & Throughput considerations, System considerations,
Operational NGSO constellation Designs
SATELLITE NAVIGATION & THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM: Radio and Satellite Navigation,
GPS Position Location principles, GPS Receivers and codes, Satellite signal acquisition, GPS Navigation
Message, GPS signal levels, GPS receiver operation, GPS C/A code accuracy, Differential GPS.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Satellite Communications – Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian and
Jeremy Allnutt, WSE,WileyPublications, 2nd Edition, 2003.
2. Satellite Communications Engineering – Wilbur L. Pritchard, Robert A Nelson and
HenriG.Suyderhoud,2nd Edition, Pearson Publications, 2003

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Satellite Communications: Design Principles – M. Richharia, BS Publications, 2nd Edition, 2003
2. Fundamentals of Satellite Communications – K.N. Raja Rao, PHI, 2004
3. Satellite Communication - D.C Agarwal, Khanna Publications, 5th Ed.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course-III
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC701C Analog IC Design. 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be able to:
 Understand the behavior of MOS Devices and Small-Signal & Large-Signal Modeling of MOS
Transistor and Analog Sub-Circuits.
 Learn and understand CMOS Amplifiers like Differential Amplifiers, Cascode Amplifiers,
OutputAmplifiers, and Operational Amplifiers.
 Design and Develop the Analog CMOS Circuits for different Analog operations.
 Learn and understand the concepts of Open-Loop Comparators and Different Types of Oscillators
likeRing Oscillator, LC Oscillator etc.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 Model and simulate different MOS Devices using small signal Model.
 Design and analyze any Analog Circuits in real time applications.
 Apply the concepts Analog Circuit Design to develop various Applications in Real Time.
 Analyze and compare different Open-Loop Comparators and Oscillators.

UNIT -I:
MOS Devices and Modelling: The MOS Transistor, Passive Components- Capacitor & Resistor, Integrated
circuit Layout, CMOS Device Modelling - Simple MOS Large-Signal Model, Other Model Parameters, Small-
Signal Model for the MOS Transistor, Computer Simulation Models, Sub-threshold MOS Model.
UNIT -II:
Analog CMOS Sub-Circuits: MOS Switch, MOS Diode, MOS Active Resistor, Current Sinks and Sources,
Current Mirrors-Current mirror with Beta Helper, Degeneration, Cascode current Mirror and Wilson Current
Mirror, Current and Voltage References, Band gap Reference.
UNIT -III:
CMOS Amplifiers: Inverters, Differential Amplifiers, Cascode Amplifiers, Current Amplifiers, Output
Amplifiers, High Gain Amplifiers Architectures.
CMOS Operational Amplifiers: Design of CMOS Op Amps, Compensation of Op Amps, Design of Two-
Stage Op Amps, Power- Supply Rejection Ratio of Two-Stage Op Amps, Cascode Op Amps, Measurement
Techniques of OP Amp.
UNIT -IV:
Comparators: Characterization of Comparator, Two-Stage, Open-Loop Comparators, Other Open-Loop
Comparators, Improving the Performance of Open-Loop Comparators, Discrete- Time Comparators.
Oscillators & Phase-Locked Loops: General Considerations, Ring Oscillators, LC Oscillators, Voltage
Controlled Oscillators.
Simple PLL, Charge Pump PLLs, Non-Ideal Effects in PLLs, Delay Locked Loops, Applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits- Behzad Razavi, TMH Edition, Second Edition.
2. CMOS Analog Circuit Design - Philip E. Allen and Douglas R. Holberg, Oxford University
Press,International Second Edition/Indian Edition,2010.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits- Paul R. Gray, Paul J. Hurst, S. Lewis and R.
G. Meyer,Wiley India, Fifth Edition,2010.
2. Analog Integrated Circuit Design- David A. Johns, Ken Martin, Wiley Student Edn, 2013.
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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course -IV
L T P C
PEC-EC702A Electronic Measurements
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
and Instrumentations.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to:
 Learn and understand functioning of various measuring system and metrics for performance analysis.
 Acquire knowledge of principle of operation, working of different electronic
 Instruments viz. signal generators, signal analyzers, recorders and measuring equipment.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 Identify the various electronic instruments based on their specifications for carrying out a
particular taskof measurement.
 Measure various physical parameters by appropriately selecting the transducers.
 Use various types of signal generators, signal analyzers for generating and analyzing various real-
timesignals.

UNIT- I:
Performance characteristics of instruments, Static characteristics; Accuracy, Resolution, Precision,
Expected value, Error, Sensitivity. Dynamic Characteristics; speed of response, Fidelity, Lag and Dynamic error.
Types of errors in measurements and their analysis. Design of multi-range AC, DC meters (voltmeter
&ammeter)and ohmmeter (series &shunt type) using D’arsonval movement. True rms meter.
UNIT -II:
Specifications and designing aspects of Signal Generators – AF sine and square wave signal generators,
Function Generators, Random noise generators, Arbitrary waveform generators. Wave Analyzers, Harmonic
Distortion Analyzers, Spectrum Analyzers, Digital Fourier Analyzers.
Oscilloscopes- general purpose CROs; block diagram, functions and implementation of various blocks,
specifications, various controls and their functions, types of probes used in CROs. Measurement of frequency
and phase difference using Lissajous patterns. Special purpose CROs; sampling oscilloscope, analog storage
oscilloscope, digital storage oscilloscope.
UNIT- III:
Bridge circuits- Wheat stone bridge, measurement of very low resistance, Measurement of inductance-
Maxwell’s bridge, Anderson bridge. Measurement of capacitance- Shearing Bridge. Wien Bridge, Errors and
precautions in using bridges. Q-meter: principle of operation, measurement methods and sources of errors.
UNIT -IV:
Counters: Principle of operation -modes of operation- totalizing mode, frequency mode and time period mode-
sources of errors.
Transducers- active & passive transducers: Resistance, Capacitance, inductance; Strain gauges, LVDT, Piezo
Electric transducers. Measurement of physical parameters temperature, force, pressure, velocity, acceleration
and displacement.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Electronic instrumentation, second edition - H.S. Kalsi, Tata McGrawHill,2004.
2. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques – A.D. Helfrickand W.D.
Cooper,PHI, 5th Edition, 2002.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements - David A. Bell, PHI, 3rd Edition,2013.
2. Electrical and Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation A.K. Sawhney. Dhanpat Rai &
Co,12thEdition,2002.
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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course -IV
L T P C
PEC-EC702B Fibre Optics & Wireless
Internal:25 External:75 3 0 0 3
Optical Communications.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 The functionality of each of the components that comprise a fiber-optic communication system
 The properties of optical fiber that affect the performance of a communication link and types of
fibermaterials with their properties and the losses occur in fibers.
 The principles of single and multi-mode optical fibers and their characteristics

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 Understand and analyze the constructional parameters of optical fibres.
 Be able to design an optical system.
 Estimate the losses due to attenuation, absorption, scattering and bending.
 Compare various optical detectors and choose suitable one for different applications.

UNIT- I:
OVERVIEW OF OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION: Historical development, The general system,
advantages of optical fiber communications. Optical fiber wave guides- Introduction, Ray theory transmission,
Total Internal Reflection, Acceptance angle, Numerical Aperture, Skew rays, Cylindrical fibers- Modes, V
number, Mode coupling, Step Index fibers, Graded Index fibers, Single mode fibers- Cut off wavelength,
ModeField Diameter, Effective Refractive Index, Related problems.

UNIT -II:
FIBER MATERIALS: Glass, Halide, Active glass, Chalgenide glass, Plastic optical fibers. Signal distortion in
optical fibers-Attenuation, Absorption, Scattering and Bending losses, Core and Cladding losses, Information
capacity determination, Group delay, Types of Dispersion: - Material dispersion, Wave-guide Dispersion,
Polarization-Mode dispersion, Intermodal dispersion, Pulse broadening in Graded index fiber, Related problems.

UNIT -III:
OPTICAL FIBER CONNECTORS-Connector types, Single mode fiber connectors, Connector
return loss,Fiber Splicing- Splicing techniques, Splicing single mode fibers, Fiber alignment and
jointloss- Multimode fiber joints, single mode fiber joints.
OPTICAL SOURCES- LEDs, Structures, Materials, Quantum efficiency, Power, Modulation, Power
bandwidth product. Injection Laser Diodes- Modes, Threshold conditions, External quantum efficiency, Laser
diode rate equations, Resonant frequencies, Reliability of LED&ILD, Optical detectors- Physical principles of
PIN and APD, Detector response time, Temperature effect on Avalanche gain, Comparison of Photo detectors,
Related problems.

UNIT -IV:
SOURCE TO FIBER POWER LAUNCHING - Output patterns, Power coupling, Power launching,
Equilibrium Numerical Aperture, Laser diode to fiber coupling, Optical receiver operation- Fundamental
receiver operation, Digital signal transmission, error sources, Receiver configuration, Digital receiver
performance, Probability of Error, Quantum limit, Analog receivers.
OPTICAL SYSTEM DESIGN - Point-to- point links- Component choice and considerations, Link power
budget, Rise time budget with Examples, Line coding in Optical links, WDM, Necessity, Principles,
Measurement of Attenuation and Dispersion, Eye pattern.

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Optical Fiber Communications – Gerd Keiser, Mc Graw-Hill International edition, 3rd Edition, 2000.
2. Optical Fiber Communications – John M. Senior, PHI, 2nd Edition, 2002.

RERFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Fiber Optic Communications – D.K. Mynbaev, S.C. Gupta and Lowell L. Scheiner, Pearson
Education,2005.
2. Text Book on Optical Fibre Communication and its Applications – S.C.Gupta, PHI, 2005.
3. Fiber Optic Communication Systems – Govind P. Agarwal, John Wiley, 3rd Ediition, 2004.
4. Fiber Optic Communications – Joseph C. Palais, 4th Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course -IV
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC702C Information Theory and Coding 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 Understand the concept of Entropy and source coding.
 Understand the concept of channel and its capacity.
 Encoding and Decoding of Digital Data Streams.
 Be Aware of Compression and Decompression Techniques.
 Learn the Concepts of Multimedia Communication.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 Design an Application with Error-Control coding
 Use Compression and Decompression Techniques
 Perform source coding and channel coding

UNIT -I:
INFORMATION THEORY AND SOURCE CODING: Uncertainty, information, entropy and its properties,
entropy of binary memory less source and its extension to discrete memory less source, source coding
theorem, data compression, prefix coding, Huffman coding, Lempel-Ziv coding, Source with memory and its
entropy.
UNIT -II:
DISCRETE CHANNELS: Binary Symmetric Channel, mutual information & its properties, Channel capacity,
channel coding theorem and its application to BSC, Shannon’s theorem on channel capacity, capacity of a
channel of infinite bandwidth, bandwidth - S/N trade off, practical communication systems in light of Shannon’s
theorem, Fading channel, channels with memory.
UNIT- III:
GROUPS, FIELDS AND LINEAR BLOCK CODES: Galois field and its construction in GF(2m) and its
basic properties, vector spaces and matrices in GF (2), Linear block codes, systematic codes and its encoding
circuit, syndrome and error detection, minimum distance, error detecting and correcting capabilities of block
code, decoding circuit, probability of undetected error for linear block code in BSC, Hamming code and their
applications.
UNIT -IV:
CYCLIC CODES AND BCH CODES: Basic properties of Cyclic codes, Generator and parity check matrix
of cyclic codes, encoding and decoding circuits, syndrome computation and error detection, cyclic Hamming
codes, encoding and decoding of BCH codes, error location and correction.
CONVOLUTION ALCODES: Introduction to convolution code, its construction and Viterbi algorithm for
maximum likelihood decoding. Automatic repeat request strategies and their throughput efficiency
considerations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Sklar, Digital Communication, Pearson Education Asia, 2nd Edition,2001.
2. Shu Lin and Costello, Error Control Coding: Fundamentals and Applications, 2ndEdition, Pearson,2004.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Haykin Simon, Digital Communication, Wiley Publications,2013.
2. Information theory and coding, Muralidhar Kulkarni, KS AShiva prakash,2015.
3. JS Chithode, Information theory and coding, Technical publishers, 1st Edition,2014.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course -V
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC703A Mobile Cellular Communications. 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be introduced to:
 Understand the basic cellular concepts like frequency reuse, cell splitting, cell sectoring etc., and
variouscellular systems.
 Understand the concepts of handoff and types of handoffs. Understand the architectures of GSM
and 3Gcellular systems.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 The student will be able to analyze and design wireless and mobile cellular systems.
 The student will be able to understand impairments due to multipath fading channel.
 The student will be able understand the fundamental techniques to overcome the different fading effects.

UNIT -I:
CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS: Introduction to Cellular Mobile System, uniqueness of mobile
radio environment, operation of cellular systems, consideration of the components of Cellular system, Hexagonal
shaped cells, Analog and Digital Cellular systems.
CELLULAR CONCEPTS: Evolution of Cellular systems, Concept of frequency reuse, frequency reuse ratio,
Number of channels in a cellular system, Cellular traffic: trunking and blocking, Grade of Service; Cellular
structures: macro, micro, pico and femto cells; Cell splitting, Cell sectoring.
UNIT -II:
INTERFERENCE: Types of interferences, Introduction to Co-Channel Interference, real time Co-Channel
interference, Co-Channel measurement, Co-channel Interference Reduction Factor, desired C/I from a normal
case in a omni directional Antenna system, design of Antenna system, antenna parameters and their effects,
diversity receiver, non-co channel interference-different types.
FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT: Numbering and grouping, setup access
and paging channels, channel assignments to cell sites and mobile units: fixed channel and non-fixed channel
assignment, channel sharing and borrowing, overlaid cells.
UNIT -III:
CELL COVERAGE FOR SIGNAL AND TRAFFIC: Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain, effect of
human made structures, phase difference between direct and reflected paths, straight line path loss slope, general
formula for mobile propagation over water and flat open area, near and long distance propagation, antenna height
gain, form of a point to point model.
CELL SITE AND MOBILE ANTENNAS: Sum and difference patterns and their synthesis, omni directional
antennas, directional antennas for interference reduction, space diversity antennas, umbrella pattern antennas,
minimum separation of cell site antennas, high gain antennas.
UNIT- IV:
HANDOFF STRATEGIES
Concept of Handoff, types of handoff, handoff initiation, delaying handoff, forced handoff, mobile assigned
handoff, intersystem handoff, vehicle locating methods, dropped call rates and their evaluation.
DIGITAL CELLULAR NETWORKS: GSM architecture, GSM channels, multiple access schemes; TDMA,
CDMA, OFDMA; architecture of 3G cellular systems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications – W.C.Y. Lee, Tata McGraw Hill, 2rd Edn., 2006.
2. Principles of Mobile Communications – Gordon L. Stuber, Springer International 2nd Edition,2007
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Wireless Communications – Theodore. S. Rapport, Pearson education, 2nd Edn., 2002.
2. Wireless and Mobile Communications – Lee McGraw Hills, 3rd Edition, 2006
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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course -V
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC703B Wireless Communications. 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will be introduced to:
 The Aim of this course is to introduce the fundamental technologies for wireless Communication
andnetworking
 Introducing the concepts of Multiple Access Schemes
 Introducing the comprehensive exposure to the fast-evolving high-tech fields of Wireless
communications
 It introduces the latest technologies such as CDMA, OFDM, and MIMO, which form the bedrock
of3G/4G wireless networks
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course, the student will be able to
 Know about the Wireless systems and Standards (1G/2G/3Gsystems).
 Concept and analysis of CDMA-based wireless networks.
 Understand the concepts of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO).
 Understand the modern wireless systems using OFDM.
 Analysis of Satellite-Based Wireless systems.
UNIT -I:
Introduction to 3G/4G Wireless Communications: Introduction, 2G Wireless Standards, 3GWireless
Standards, 4G Wireless Standards, Overview of Cellular Service Progression Principles of Wireless
Communications: The Wireless Communication Environment, Modeling of Wireless Systems, System Model
for Narrowband Signals, Rayleigh Fading Wireless Channel, BER Performance of Wireless Systems: SNR in a
Wireless System, BER inWireless Communication System, Rayleigh BER at High SNR. Intuition for BER in a
Fading Channel. ChannelEstimation in Wireless Systems, Diversity in Wireless Communication.
UNIT -II:
Code Division for Multiple Access (CDMA): Introduction to CDMA, Basic CDMA Mechanism, Fundamentals
of CDMA Codes, Spreading Codes based on Pseudo-Noise (PN)Sequences, Correlation Properties of Random
CDMA Spreading Sequences, Multi-User CDMA, Advantages of CDMA. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
Wireless Communications: Introduction to MIMO Wireless Communications, MIMO System Model, MIMO
Zero-forcing (ZF) Receiver, MIMOMMSE Receiver, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of the MIMO
Channel, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and MIMO Capacity
UNIT -III:
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing: Introduction, Motivation and Multicarrier Basics, OFDM
Example, Bit-Error Rate (BER) for OFDM, MIMO-OFDM, Effect of Frequency Offset in OFDM, OFDM –
Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), SC-FDMA.
UNIT- IV:
Satellite-Based Wireless Systems: Introduction, Satellite Orbits, Use of Satellites for Communication, Satellites
and Transponders, Signal and Noise Calculations, Systems Using Geostationary Satellites, Systems Using
Low-Earth-Orbit Satellites, Systems Using Medium Earth-Orbit Satellites.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Principles of Modern Wireless Communication Systems – Aditya K Jagannathan,Mc Graw
Hillpublishers,2017
2. Wireless Communication Technology – Blake,Delmar/Cengage Learning India, first Edition,2012

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Wireless Communications and Networking – Vijay K. Garg, MorganKaufmann,2007
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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Professional Elective Course -V
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 PEC-EC703C ASIC Design 3 0 0 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to:
 To prepare the student to be an entry-level industrial standard ASIC or FPGA designer.
 To give the student an understanding of issues and tools related to ASIC/FPGA
design andimplementation.
 To give the student an understanding of basics of System on Chip and Platform based design.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course, the student will be able to:
 Demonstrate VLSI tool-flow and appreciate FPGA architecture.
 understand the issues involved in ASIC design, including technology choice, design management,
tool-flow, verification, debug and test, as well as the impact of technology scaling on ASIC design.
 understand the algorithms used for ASIC construction
 understand the basics of System on Chip, on chip communication architectures like AMBA,
AXI and utilizing Platform based design.
 appreciate high performance algorithms available for ASICs

UNIT- I:
Types of ASICs, VLSI Design flow, Programmable ASICs - Antifuse, SRAM, EPROM, EEPROM
based ASICs. Programmable ASIC logic cells and I/O cells. Programmable interconnects. Latest Version -
FPGAs and CPLDs and Soft-core processors.

UNIT- II:
Trade off issues at System Level: Optimization with regard to speed, area and power, asynchronous and
low power system design. ASIC physical design issues, System Partitioning, Power Dissipation,
Partitioning Methods. ASIC floor planning, Placement and Routing.

UNIT- III:
System-On-Chip Design - SoC Design Flow, Platform-based and IP based SoC Designs, Basic Concepts of
Bus-Based Communication Architectures, On-Chip Communication Architecture Standards, Low-Power SoC
Design

UNIT- IV:
High performance algorithms for ASICS/ SoCs as case studies – Canonic Signed Digit Arithmetic, KCM,
Distributed Arithmetic, High performance digital filters for sigma-delta ADC, USB controllers, OMAP.

TEXT BOOK:
1. M.J.S. Smith,“Application Specific Integrated Circuits”, Pearson, 2003

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation, H.Gerez, John Wiley, 1999
2. Digital Integrated Circuit Design Perspective (2/e)”, J..M.Rabaey,A.Chandrakasan, and
B.Nikolic, PHI 2003
3. Analysis and Design of Digital Integrated Circuits (3/e), D. A.Hodges, MGH 2004.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - III
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC704A Digital Image Processing. 2 0 2 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to:
 Familiarize with basic concepts of digital image processing and different image transforms.
 Learn various image processing techniques like image enhancement, restoration, segmentation
and compression.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Perform image manipulations and different digital image processing techniques
 Perform basic operations like – Enhancement, segmentation, compression, Image transforms and
restoration techniques on image.

UNIT-I:
INTRODUCTION: Introduction to Image Processing, Fundamental steps in digital image processing,
components of an image processing system, image sensing and acquisition, image sampling and quantization,
some basic relationships between pixels, an introduction to the mathematical tools used in digital image
processing. Image Transforms: Need for image transforms, Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of one
variable, Extension to functions of two variables, some properties of the 2-D Discrete Fourier transform,
Importance of Phase, Walsh Transform. Hadamard transform, Haar Transform, Slant transform, Discrete Cosine
transform, KLTransform, SVD and Radon Transform, Comparison of different image transforms.
UNIT-II:
INTENSITY TRANSFORMATIONS AND SPATIAL FILTERING: Background, some basic intensity
transformation functions, histogram processing, fundamentals of spatial filtering, smoothing spatial filters,
sharpening spatial filters, combining spatial enhancement methods Filtering in the Frequency Domain:
Preliminary concepts, The Basics of filtering in the frequency domain, image smoothing using frequency
domainfilters, Image Sharpening using frequency domain filters, Selective filtering.
UNIT-III:
IMAGE RESTORATION AND RECONSTRUCTION: A model of the image degradation / Restoration
process, Noise models, restoration in the presence of noise only-Spatial Filtering, Periodic Noise Reduction by
frequency domain filtering, Linear, Position –Invariant Degradations, Estimating the degradation function,
Inverse filtering, Minimum mean square error (Wiener) filtering, constrained least squares filtering ,geometric
mean filter ,image reconstruction from projections Image compression: Fundamentals, Basic compression
methods: Huffman coding, Golomb coding, Arithmetic coding, LZW coding, Run-Length coding, Symbol-
Based coding, Bit-Plane coding, Block Transform coding, Predictive coding
UNIT-IV:
IMAGE SEGMENTATION: Fundamentals, point, line, edge detection, thresholding, region –based
segmentation. Morphological Image Processing: Preliminaries, Erosion and dilation, opening and closing,
basic morphological algorithms for boundary extraction, thinning, gray-scale morphology, Segmentation using
morphological watersheds. Color image processing: color fundamentals, color models, pseudo color image
processing, basics of full color image processing, color transformations, smoothing and sharpening. Image
segmentation based on color, noise in color images, color image compression.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 3 rd edition, Prentice Hall, 2008.
2. Jayaraman, S. Esakkirajan, and T. Veerakumar,” Digital Image Processing”, Tata McGraw-
HillEducation, 2011.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Anil K. Jain, “Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing”, Prentice Hall of India, 9th Edition Indian
Reprint, 2002.
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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - III
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC704B Software Defined Radio. 2 0 2 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 Understand the basic components of software defined radio.
 Understand the distortion parameters and nonlinear Distortion in Transmitted Signals.
 Calculate power requirement in power amplifier for SDR.
 Understand Digital Pre-Distortion Techniques for Linear/Nonlinear Distortion.
 Appraise Digital Pre-Distortion Techniques.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Able to analyze the basic components of software defined radio.
 Demonstrate understanding about distortion parameters and nonlinear Distortion in
TransmittedSignals.
 Able to calculate power requirement in power amplifier for SDR
 Demonstrate understanding about Digital Pre-Distortion Techniques for
Linear/NonlinearDistortion

UNIT -I:
BASIC COMPONENTS: software defined radios, Software defined radio architectures Part A, Software
defined radio architectures- Part B.

UNIT -II:
DISTORTION PARAMETERS: Sources and metrics of distortion in a transceiver, Nonlinear distortion
and nonlinearity specifications, Power amplifiers: Nonlinear Distortion in Transmitted Signals.

UNIT- III:
POWER AMPLIFIER: Line-up for linearity & power requirement calculations, Linearization Techniquesfor
nonlinear distortion in SDR.

UNIT -IV:
DISTORTION TECHNIQUES: Pre distortion Techniques for Nonlinear distortion in SDR. Digital Pre
distortion Techniques for Linear/Nonlinear Distortion.

TEXTBOOK:
1. Jeffrey H. Reed “Software Radio: A Modern Approach to radio Engineering”, Pearson EducationAsia,
2002.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Sanjay Kumar, “Wireless Communication the Fundamental and Advanced Concepts” River
Publishers, Denmark, 2015 (Indian reprint).

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - III
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC704C Television Engineering 2 0 2 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 To understand about the basic steps of image processing.
 To understand about the various image processing techniques.
 To study about the 3D model, analog and digital video processing.
 To study about the 2D and various motion of estimations.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After going through this course, the student will be able to
 Analyze the basic image processing and sampling and quantization of an Image.
 Analyze selective filtering image segmentation and compression models.
 Understand the image motion estimation methods.

UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION: TV transmitter and receivers, synchronization. Television Pictures: Geometric form and
aspect ratio, image continuity, interlaced scanning, picture resolution, Composite video signal:
Horizontal and vertical sync, scanning sequence, Colour signal generation and Encoding: Perception
of brightness and colours, additive colour mixing, video signals for colours, luminance signal, colour
difference signals, encoding of colour difference signals, formation of chrominance signals, PAL encoder.
UNIT- II:
MONOCHROME TV RECEIVER: RF tuner, IF subsystem, video amplifier, sound section, sync separation
and processing, deflection circuits, scanning circuits.PAL–D colour receiver: Electron tuners, IF subsystem,
Y- signal channel, chroma decoder, separation of U & V Colour phasors, synchronous demodulators,
subcarrier generation, raster circuits. VISION IF SUBSYSTEM: AGC, noise cancellation, video and inter
carrier sound signal detection, Colour receiver IF subsystem, Receiver sound system: FM detection, FM
Sound detectors, typical applications.
UNIT- III:
COLOUR SIGNAL DECODING:PAL-D decoder, chroma signal amplifiers, separation of U and V signals,
Color burst separation, Burst phase discriminator, Reference oscillator, Indent and color killer circuits, RO
phase shift and 180 degrees PAL-SWITCH circuitry, U & V demodulators, Colour signal mixing, Analog and
Digital TV Compared, Going HD, Broadcast Engineering and Information Technology, The Road to HDTV,
The GrandAlliance, A DTV Standard at Last, Producing HDTV, HD Goes Coast-to-Coast, DTV Conversion.
UNIT-IV:
DTV TRANSMITTER AND RECIEVER: Engineering Basics, Presentation, Transmission, Reception and
Demodulation, Transport Stream DE multiplexing, Decoding and Decompression, Program Assembly and
Presentation, Receiver Issues, Presentation Concerns. HDTV AND DTV STANDARDS: Standards Bodies,
The ATSC Standards, SMPTE Standards, The Audio Engineering Society, Cable DTV Standards, Institute of
Electronic and Electrical Engineers, The Consumer Electronics Association, Other Societies and Organizations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Modern Television Practice – Principles, Technology and Service – R.R.Gulati, New Age International
Publication, 2002
2. Television and Video Engineering – A.M.Dhake, 2nd
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Basic Television and Video Systems – B.Grob and C.E.Herndon, McGrawHill,1999
2. “Newnes Guide to Television and Video Technology” by Ibrahim.K. F, Newnes Publishers,
4thedition, 2007.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - IV
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC705A Embedded System. 2 0 2 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 Understand the basic concepts of an embedded system are introduced.
 The various elements of embedded hardware and their design principles are explained.
 Internals of Real-Time operating system and the fundamentals of RTOS based embedded firmware
design is discussed.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student can able to:
 Understand the basic concepts of an embedded system and able to know an embedded system
designapproach to perform a specific function.
 The hardware components required for an embedded system and the design approach of an
embeddedhardware.
UNIT-I:
INTRODUCTION: Embedded System-Definition, history of embedded systems, classification of embedded
systems, major application areas of embedded systems, purpose of embedded systems, the typical embedded
system-core of the embedded system, Memory, Sensors and Actuators, Communication Interface, Embedded
firmware, Characteristics of an embedded system, Quality attributes of embedded systems, Application-specific
and Domain-Specific examples of an embedded system.
UNIT-II:
EMBEDDED HARDWARE DESIGN: Analog and digital electronic components, I/O types and examples,
Serial communication devices, Parallel device ports, Wireless devices, Timer and counting devices, Watchdog
timer, Real time clock.
EMBEDDED FIRMWARE DESIGN: Embedded Firmware design approaches, Embedded Firmware
development languages, ISR concept, Interrupt sources, Interrupt servicing mechanism, Multiple interrupts,
DMA, Device driver programming, Concepts of C versus Embedded C and Compiler versus Cross-compiler.
UNIT-III:
REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM: Operating system basics, Types of operating systems, Tasks,
Process and Threads, Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Scheduling, Threads, Processes and Scheduling,
Task communication, Task synchronization.
HARDWARE SOFTWARE CO-DESIGN: Fundamental Issues in Hardware Software Co- Design,
Computational models in embedded design, Hardware software Trade-offs, Integration of Hardware and
Firmware.
UNIT-IV:
EMBEDDED SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING: The
integrated development environment, Types of files generated on cross-compilation, Deassembler
/Decompiler, Simulators, Emulators and Debugging, Target hardware debugging, Embedded Software
development process and tools, Interpreters, Compilers and Linkers, Debugging tools, Quality assurance and
testing of the design, Testing on host machine, Simulators, Laboratory Tools.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Embedded Systems Architecture- By Tammy Noergaard, Elsevier Publications,2013.
2. Embedded Systems-By Shibu. K.V-Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited,2013.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Embedded System Design, Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, John Wiley Publications,2013.
2. Embedded Systems-Lyla B.Das-Pearson Publications, 2013

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - IV
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC705B Global Positioning System. 2 0 2 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 Understand the basic concepts of Global positioning system are introduced.
 Understand the various elements of GPS and principles are explained.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student can able to:
 Demonstrate the basics of Global positioning system.
 Ability to identify the positioning system.

UNIT - I:
Introduction: Basic concept, system architecture, GPS and GLONASS Overview, Satellite Navigation, Time
and GPS, User position and velocity calculations, GPS, Satellite Constellation, Operation Segment, User
receiving Equipment, Space Segment Phased development, GPS aided Geoaugmented navigation (GAGAN)
architecture.

UNIT - II:
Signal Characteristics: GPS signal components, purpose, properties and power level, signal acquisition and
tracking, Navigation information extraction, pseudo orange estimation, frequency estimation, GPS satellite
position calculation, Signal structure, anti-spoofing (AS), selective availability, Difference between GPS and
GALILEO satellite construction.

UNIT - III:
GPS Receivers & Data Errors: Receiver Architecture, receiver design options, Antenna design, GPS error
sources, SA errors, propagation errors, ionosphere error, troposphere error, multipath, ionosphere error,
estimation using dual frequency GPS receiver, Methods of multipath mitigation, Ephemeris data errors, clock
errors.

UNIT - IV:
Differential GPS: Introduction, LADGPS, WADGPS, Wide Area Augmentation systems, GEO Uplink
subsystem, GEO downlink systems, Geo Orbit determination, Geometric analysis, covariance analysis,
GPS/INS Integration Architectures. GPS Applications: GPS in surveying, Mapping and Geographical
Information System, Precision approach Aircraft landing system, Military and Space application, intelligent
transportation system. GPS orbital parameters, description of receiver independent exchange format (RINEX),
Observation data and navigation message data parameters, GPS position determination, least squares method.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mohinder S.Grewal, Lawrence R.Weill, Angus P.Andrews, “Global positioning systems, Inertial
Navigation and Integration”, Wiley 2007.

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. E.D.Kaplan, Christopher J. Hegarty, “Understanding GPS Principles and Applications”, Artech House
Boston 2005.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester Open Elective Course - IV
L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 OEC-EC705C Smart Antenna Systems. 2 0 2 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The student will able to
 Understand the basic concepts of Smart Antenna systems are introduced.
 Understand the various elements of Antennas and principles are explained.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student can able to:
 Understand the basic concepts of Antennas and specific functions.
 Understand the Estimation Fundamentals required for an Antenna systems and Space
TimeProcessing of Signal Models
UNIT -I:
INTRODUCTION TO SMART ANTENNAS: Need for Smart Antennas, Smart Antenna Configurations,
Switched-Beam Antennas, Adaptive Antenna Approach, Space Division Multiple Accesses (SDMA),
Architecture of a Smart Antenna System, Receiver, Transmitter, Benefits and Drawbacks, Mutual Coupling
Effects.

UNIT – II:
DOA ESTIMATION FUNDAMENTALS: Introduction, Array Response Vector, Received Signal Model,
Subspace-Based Data Model, Signal Auto covariance, Conventional DOA Estimation Methods, Conventional
Beam forming Method, Capon’s Minimum Variance Method, Subspace Approach to DOA Estimation, MUSIC
Algorithm, ESPRIT Algorithm, Uniqueness of DOA Estimates.

UNIT – III:
BEAM FORMING FUNDAMENTALS: Classical Beam former, Statistically Optimum Beam forming Weight
Vectors, Maximum SNR Beam former, Multiple Side Lobe Canceller and Maximum, SINR Beam former,
Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Direct Matrix Inversion (DMI), Linearly Constrained Minimum
Variance (LCMV), Adaptive Algorithms for Beam forming.

UNIT – IV:
SPACE–TIME PROCESSING
Introduction, Discrete Space–Time Channel and Signal Models, Space–Time Beamforming, Inter symbol and
Co-Channel Suppression, ISI Suppression, CCI Suppression, Joint ISI and CCI Suppression, Space–Time
Processing for DS-CDMA, Capacity and Data Rates in MIMO Systems, Single-User Data Rate Limits, Multiple-
Users Data Rate Limits, Data Rate Limits with in a Cellular System, MIMO in Wireless Local Area Networks.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Constantine A. Balanis & Panayiotis I. Ioannides, “Introduction to Smart Antennas”,

Morgan &Claypool Publishers’ series-2007.
2. Ahmed El Zooghby, Smart Antenna Engineering, Artech House.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. M.J. Bronzel, Smart Antennas, John Wiley, 2004

2. T.S.Rappaport&J.C.Liberti, Smart Antennas for Wireless Communication, Prentice Hall (PTR) , 1999.
3. R.Janaswamy, Radio Wave Propagation and Smart Antennas for Wireless Communication,
Kluwer,2001

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Humanities and Social Science including Scheme and Credits

IV Year-I Semester
Management Courses L T P C
Internal:25 External:75 HSMC-EC706 Management Science 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To study and acquire the knowledge on management functions, global leadership and
organizationalbehavior.
 Understand the concepts of functional management project management and strategic management.
 To study the process of management and to provide basic insight into select contemporary
managementpractices.
 To the conceptual knowledge on functional management and strategic management.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 After completion of the Course the student will acquire the knowledge on management
functions,global leadership and organizational behavior.
 Will familiarize with the concepts of functional management project management and
strategicmanagement. Familiarize the process of management and to provide basic insight
into select contemporary management
UNIT- I:
Introduction to Management and organizational concepts of management and organization- Nature and
Importance of Management, Functions of Management, - Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory, Fayol’s
Principles of Management, Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs, Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y,
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation. Designing Organizational Structures: Basic concepts related to
Organization - Depart mentation and Decentralization.
UNIT- II:
Human Resource Management (HRM): Concepts of HRM, Basic functions of HR Manager: Manpower
planning, Recruitment, Selection, Training and Development, Performance Appraisal, Grievance Handling and
Welfare Administration, Job Evaluation and Merit Rating – Performance Management System. Marketing
management: Functions of Marketing, Marketing Mix, and marketing Strategies based on Product Life Cycle,
Channels of Distribution, Supply Chain Management.
UNIT-III:
Strategic Management: Mission, Goals, Objectives, Policy, Strategy, Programmes, Elements of Corporate
Planning Process, Environmental Scanning, Value Chain Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Steps in Strategy
Formulation and implementation, Generic Strategy alternatives.
Operations Management: Principles and Types of Plant Layout-Methods of production (Job, batch and Mass
Production), Work Study -Basic procedure involved in Method Study and Work Measurement- Business
ProcessReengineering (BPR).
UNIT- IV:
Inventory control: Objectives of inventory control, EOQ, ABC Analysis, (simple problems) VED Analysis,
FSN Analysis, and JIT System.
Project Management: Network Analysis, Programme Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), Critical Path
Method (CPM), Identifying critical path, Probability of Completing the project within given time, Project
crashing (Simple problems).
TEXT BOOK:
1. Dr. P.G. Ramanujam at.al Management Science, HPH.
2. Koontz & Weihrich: Essentials of Management, 6/e, TMH, 2007.
3. Robbins: Organizational Behaviour, Pearson publications, 2011.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Kotler Philip & Keller Kevin Lane: Marketing Mangement 12/e, PHI, 2007.
2. Kanishka Bedi, Production and Operations Management, Oxford University Press, 2007.
3. Memoria & S.V.Ganker, Personnel Management, Himalaya, 25/e, 2007.

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Scheme and Credits

IV Year- I Semester Soft Development Course
L T P C
Internal:50 Internal:50 SDC-EC707: Skill Development Course 1 0 2 2

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To provide knowledge of different Smart System applications.
 To familiarize students with Arduino as IDE, Programming language & platform.
 To provide knowledge of Arduino boards and basic components.
 Develop skills to design and implement various Smart system applications.
 Elucidates concepts related to Internet of Things and the students will get hands-on experience in
 working with Raspberry Pi 3 and exploring IoT.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

 Familiar with Arduino Environment and its applications.

 Able to understand Arduino programming with C++.
 Able to Design Smart systems applications.
 Learn and understand about any new IDE, compiler, Arduino and node MCU
 Compatible boards or similar types.
 Able to understand the working of Raspberry Pi.3, its features and how various components can
be used with Pi.3.
 Able to understand IoT Practically.

UNIT - I:
ARDUINO BEGINNIING: Introduction, Architecture of Arduino, Working with Pins , Setting Up
Arduino, , Installing the Arduino IDE, The Arduino IDE- Icons and the Menu - Creating a New
Sketch, Saving a Sketch, Opening Exiting Sketches, Sketches , Anatomy of a Sketch Board and Port
Selection, Connecting an Arduino, A Brief Introduction to the Arduino Language, Programming
Arduino , Variables and Data Types, Characters and Strings, The String Object, Numbers, Arrays,
Control Structures - if and else, while Loops, for Loops, Functions,

UNIT – II:
RAPBERRY Pi: Introduction to Raspberry Pi, Downloading and Installing Raspbian, Raspberry Pi
GPIO, Pin Numbering, Connecting to the Raspberry Pi, Limitations of Raspberry Pi’s, GPIO,
Characterizing an IOT Project - Communications, Processor Power , Local storage , Power
Consumption, Functionality, Cost, Understanding PID Control,
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY - ANUR

The following Projects are to be carried using AURDINO and RASPBERRY Pi

1. Project -- LED Flasher & Interactive LED Chase Effect

2. Project – Traffic Lights & Interactive Traffic Lights
3. Project – Pulsating Lamp
4. Project – RGB Mood Lamp
5. Project – Piezo-Sounder Melody Player
6. Project – Light Sensor
7. Project – Simple Motor Control
8. Project – Using an L293D Motor Driver IC

ADDITIONAL PROJECTS:
1. Project – Shift Register 8-Bit Binary Counter
2. Project – Design a simple ROBOT using Arduino UNO

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Beginning Arduino-Michael Mc Roberts- Second Edition, Apress
2. Beginning Robotics with Raspberry Pi and Arduino using Python and Open CV-Jeff Cicolani- Apress

REFERENCE BOOKS :

The Internet of Things : with Arduino, Raspberry Pi- Donald Norris- Mc Graw Hill Education
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY - ANUR

ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

IV B. TECH , II Semester (VIII Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks

Total
Course Code Title of the Course Marks Credits
L T P Internal External

Project Project Work 100 200 300 12

TOTAL CREDITS 100 200 300 12

ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

Department of
Electronics and Communication Engineering

B Tech(ECE)
MODEL QUESTION PAPERS

I, II, III &IV YEAR

(For the admitted batch of 2020-2021)

Board of Studies
University College of Engineering
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

B. Tech, MODEL QUESTION PAPERS

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

I B. Tech I Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (I Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total Credits
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Marks

HSMC-EC101 English-I 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC-EC102 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

BSC- EC103 Engineering Physics 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
ESC- EC104 Engineering Graphics 1 0 4 25 75 100 3
Basics of Electrical
ESC-EC105 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Engineering
LC- EC106 Engineering Physics Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC- EC107 Engineering Workshop Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC- EC108 IT Workshop Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

MC- EC109 Environmental Science 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Induction Programme 3 Weeks Duration
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 13 300 600 900 19.5
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - I Semester

HSMC-EC101: ENGLISH-1
Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75

SECTION– A
Answer ALL questions. 4x15=60M

1. A) Explain the central theme of the poem “Once upon a time”. [15 M]
(OR)
B) Answer the following: [15M]
a) Differentiate between Skimming and Scanning. [ 5M]
b) Write Wh-questions for the following responses. [5M]
1. They are students.
2. She can come tomorrow.
3. We should buy tickets.
4. He has visited Italy.
5. I ate a salad.
c) Write a note on the use of irony in the poem “Once Upon a time” [5M]

2. A) How does R.K. Narayan present the Indian rural ethos in the story A Horse and Two Goats
[15M]
(OR)
B) Answer the following: [15M]

a) Punctuate the following sentences correctly [5M]

1. There's no room for error, said the engineer so we have to double check every calculation.
2. In baseball, a show boat is a man who shows off
3. Darwin's on the origin of species 1859 caused a great controversy when it appeared
4. Oman is a beautiful country the beaches are warm sandy and spotlessly clean
5. She always enjoyed sweets chocolate marshmallows apples
b) Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions. [5M]
1. Would you like to go the cinema tonight?
2. No, thanks. I was the cinema yesterday.
3. My brother's birthday is the 25th of November.
4. My birthday is May.
5. My friend has been living in Canada two years.
c) Fill in the blanks with suitable articles. [5M]
1. Right now, euro is stronger than the dollar.
2. Did you see movie about Dian Fossey's work with mountain gorillas?
3. Did you know man who was talking to Laura?
4. Look at woman over there! She is a famous actress.
5. Where's electric heater? I can't find it.
3. A) Write an essay on the benefits of Failure according to JK Rowling. [15M]

(OR)
3. Answer the following: [15M]

a) Fill in the blanks with appropriate tense form 5M

1. Both of Ravi’s children (jog) every morning.
2. We (make) tea while Shanta is (clean) the house.
3. She (grow)very tired after she had walked five miles.
4. We (meet) him at the theatre at 8PM tonight.
5. You (find) mobile phone in my house I think I left it three.

b) Put the word in brackets into the correct form. You will have to use prefixes and/or suffixes.5M
1. I couldn't find any in his theory. (weak)
2. He wants to be a when he grows up. (mathematics)
3. You need to be a highly trained to understand this report. (economy)
4. There were only a of people at the match. (hand)
5. She arrived late at work because she had . (sleep)

c) Write a paragraph on any one of the following: 5M

1. My first day at the University
2. What I know about Ocean
3. My favourite book
4. Games people play

4. What are the qualities of time according to Seneca? [15M]

OR
4. Answer the following: [15M]
b) Write an essay on any one of the following 10M
1. Population Explosion
2. Role of technology in human life
3. Students’ role in empowering nation

b )Match the following words with appropriate synonyms: 5M

i) Quaint--- 1) travel
ii) Crazy— 2) strange
iii) Traverse— 3) mad
iv) Discovered-- 4) favorable
v) Congenial-- 5) found

SECTION B
5. Answer any FIVE questions: 5x3 = 15M

a) Write a short note on Presentation Skills.

b) Explain the difference between content words and function words with examples.
c) Elucidate the characteristics of a good paragraph?
d) Define Intensive Reading.
e) What does the poet of Once upon a time want to learn from his son?
f) How did Muni calculate his age?
g) What are the disadvantages of Group Discussion?
h) Mention the steps involved in essay writing.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21 AB) - I Semester

BSC-EC102: Engineering Mathematics-I

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75

SECTION – A
Answer ALL Questions. 4x 15 = 60M
1. a) Solve [7M+8M]
b) Solve
(OR)
c) Solve [7M+8M]
d) if the air is maintained at 30 C and the temperature of the body cools from 80 C to 60o C in
o o

12minutes, find the temperature of the after 24 minutes.

2. a) Solve [7M+8M]

b) Using the method of Variation of parameters, solve

(OR)
c) Solve [7M+8M]

d) Solve

3. a) if , prove that
b) find the minimum and maximum values of
(OR)
c) if show that u, v are functionally related
and find the relationship. [7M+8M]
d) Given , fin the maximum value of
4. a). Verify Rolle`s theorem for [7M+8M]
b) Prove that hence show that
(OR)
c) If f(x) and g(x) are respectively and , prove that `C` of Cauchy`s mean value theorem is the
arithmetic mean between a and b. [7M+8M]
d) Using Taylor`s theorem prove that

SECTION – B
5. Answer any FIVE Questions: 5x 3 = 15M
a) Solve
b). Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of coaxial circles being
the parameter.
c) Solve
d) Solve

e) if show that
f) if
g) Verify Lagranges`s mean value theorem for the function f (x ) = sin x in 0,   and determine c
lying in o and 
h) Evaluate
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - I Semester

BSC- EC103: Engineering Physics

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75

SECTION– A
Answer ALL questions 4x15=60M
1. a)What are the Fundamental laws of Electromagnetism. Explain. [8M]
b) Deduce Maxwell’s equations. [7M]
(OR)
c) Classify the Magnetic materials Dia, Para, Ferro, Anti ferro and Ferri magnetic materials.[10M]
d) What is Origin of Magnetic moment. [5M]
2. a) Explain the intensity variation in a fraunhofer single slit diffraction. [12M]
b) Newton rings are observed in the reflected light of wavelength 5900 ºA, The diameter of 10th dark
ring is 0. 5cm.Find the radius of curvature of the lens. [3M]
(OR)
c) With neat diagrams, describe the principle, construction and working of Gas laser [10M]
d) Write a short note on Acceptance angle, Acceptance cone, Numerical aperture. [5M]
3. a). Deduce time- independent Scrodinger’s wave equation. [10M]
b) Write its application with one timensional potential box. [5M]
(OR)
c) Give the postulates of Free electron theory of metals. [5M]
d) Explain Kronig- Penney Model for Energy bands. [10M]
4. a) Find the Carrier concentration in intrinsic semiconductors. [10M]
b) Write a note on Drift and Diffusion currents. [5M]
(OR)
c) With the statement and theory, calculate the Hall Coefficient. [10M]
d) Explain the structure and characteristics of LED. [5M]

SECTION– B
5. Answer Any FIVE Questions 5x3=15M
a. Explain Hysterisis curve.
b. What is Bloch’ theorem.
c. Give some applications of Gauss’s law
d. Explain magnetic force on current
e. Describe the arrangement of Newton’s rings experiment.
f. Explain Nicol’s prism. g. Applications of optical fibre communication system .
h. Write a short note on Solar cell.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - I Semester

ESC- EC104: Engineering Graphics

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION– A
Answer ALL questions 4x15=60M
1. a) The headlight reflector of a four–wheeler has a maximum rim diameter of 115 mm and a
Maximum depth of 90 mm .Draw the Shape of the reflector. Draw a tangent and normal at any
point on the curve. [10M]
b) Inscribe a regular pentagon in a circle of 70mm diameter [5M]
(OR)
c) The distance between two fixed points is 90mm. A point P moves such that the difference of its
distances from two fixed points always remains constant and is equal to 60 mm. Draw the loci of P.
Draw the tangent and normal at any point on the Hyperbola. [10M]
d) Super scribe/Describe/Circumscribe an equilateral triangle about a circle of 50 mm diameter.
[5M]
2. a) Construct a Vernier scale of RF= 1: 25 to show decimeters, centimeters and millimeters. The
scale should be capable of reading up to 4 decimeters Mark on your scale the following distances:
(a) 3.23 dm and (b) 3.65 dm [10M]
b) Draw the projections of the following, keeping the distance between the projectors as 25mm on
the same reference line: (i) A- 25mm above HP and 50mm behind the VP. (ii) B- 40 mm below HP
and 45mm in front of the VP. (iii) C- on HP and 25mm behind VP. [5M]
(OR)
c) A motor car is running at a speed of 60 kph. On a scale of RF = 1 / 4,00,000 show the distance
travelled by car in 47 minutes. [10M]
d) A line CD 30 mm long is parallel to both the planes. The line is 40 mm above HP and 25 mm in
front of Vertical Plane. Draw its Projections. [5M]
3. a) Draw the projections of a cone, bse 30 mm diameter and axis 50 mm long, resting on HP on a
point of its base circle with
i) the axis making an angle of 45° with HP and its top view making an angle of 30° with VP and
[7M]
ii) The axis making 45° with HP and 30° with VP. [8M]
(OR)
b) A right hexagonal prism of side of base 24 mm and axis 56 mm long is lying on one of the
corners of the base. Its axis is inclined an angle of 30° to HP. Draw the isometric projection of the
solid. [15M]
4. a) The front view and top view of a straight line PQ measures 50mm and 65 mm respectively. The
point P is in the HP and 20 mm in front of the VP and the front view of the line is inclined at 45° to
the reference line. Determine the true length of PQ, true angles of inclination with the reference
planes and the trace. [8M]
b) A thin rectangular plate of sides 50mm x 25mm has its shorter side in HP and inclined at an
angle of 30° to the VP. Project its front view when its top view is a Perfect Square of 25mm side
[7M]
(OR)
c) Draw the Projections of a line PQ 100 mm long inclined at 30° to HP and 45° to VP. Point P is
 20 mm above HP and in VP. Also determine the apparent lengths and inclinations. [8M]
d) An isosceles triangular lamina has base 40 mm long and altitude 56 mm. It is so placed on
Vertical Plane such that in the front view it is seen as an equilateral triangle of 40mm sides with the
side that is contained in Vertical Plane is inclined at 45° to Horizontal Plane. Draw its Top View
and front views. Also find the inclination of the lamina to Vertical plane. [7M]

SECTION– B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following 5x3=15M

a. What is representative fraction?
b. Define the term horizontal trace.
c. What is meant by oblique plane?
d. Define the term apparent angles of inclination in the projection of straight lines
e. What do you understand by a “Right Regular Prism”
f. What is the difference between right and oblique solids?
g. Define the terms: Isometric axes, Isometric Planes
h. Define first angle projection.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - I Semester

ESC-EC105: Basics of Electrical Engineering

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION – A
Answer ALL the following Questions 4 X 15=60M
1. a)For a series RC circuit, determine the voltage across the resistor and capacitor with the help of
initial conditions. [15M]
(OR)
b) What is the response of an R-L network for unit step excitation [5M+10M]
c) In the network shown in figure.1, the switch is closed at t=0.Find the values of i 1(t) and i2(t)
assuming zero initial currents through inductors

2. a) What is the efficiency of transformer? How the efficiency of transformer can be calculated?
[15M]
(OR)
b) Deriver the EMF Equation of Ideal Transformer [10M+5M]
c) Explain about Auto Transformer
3. a) Define Armature Reaction and state its effect [5M+10M]
b) Compare separately excited DC generator with self-excited generator
(OR)
c) Explain the principle of operation of dc motor with neat sketch [10M+5M]
d) With neat circuit diagram, explain the procedure to conduct Swinburne’s test
4. a) Describe the constructional features of both slip ring and squirrel cage induction motor and
Discuss the merits of one over the other [10M+5M]
b) Derive the EMF equation of an alternator
(OR)
c) Derive the equation of Induced EMF of Alternator [10M+5M]
d) What are the factors that the load that effects the terminal Voltage

SECTION-B
5. Answers any FIVE of the following 5 X 3 =15 M
a) Define time constant.
b) Why cannot the current in a pure inductor change in zero time?
c) What is the Importance of critical field resistance?
d) Explain why the EMF generated in the armature of a DC motor is called “back emf”.
e) Discuss the purpose of oil used in transformer.
f) On what principle does induction motor work?
g) Define the regulation in an Alternator
h) Define the Losses in an Induction Motor
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - I Semester

MC-EC109: Environmental Science

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION – A
Answer ALL questions 4x15=60M
1. a)What is Environmental Science? Define its Scope and Importance [15M]
(OR)
b) Define Ecosystem. Explain [15M]
2. a) Discuss in detail about the water resource of earth. Add a note on the conflicts of Water usage
[15M]
(OR)
b) Explain in detail about the forest resources and their exploitation [15M]
3. a) What is Biodiversity? Explain about the services the biodiversity offers to mankind[15M]
(OR)
b) Why should conversation of biodiversity be done. What are the different conversation methods
of biodiversity? [15M]
4. a) Discuss in detail about the issues involved in environmental ethics. Add a note on their solutions
[15M]
(OR)
b) What is EIA? Explain. [15M]
SECTION – B
5. Answer any FIVE questions 5 x 3=15M
a. Rio Summit
b. Ecological succession
c. Mineral Resources
d. Waste land reclamation
e. Value of Biodiversity
f. Hotpots of Biodiversity
g. Water conversation
h. Ecotourism
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

B. Tech, MODEL QUESTION PAPERS

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

I B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (II Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total
CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks
HSMC-
English-II 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
EC201
BSC-EC202 Engineering Mathematics-II 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
BSC-EC203 Engineering Chemistry 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
ESC-EC204 Programming for 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Problem Solving
ESC-EC205 Electronic Devices and Circuits 1 0 4 25 75 100 3
English Communication Skills
LC-EC206 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Lab
LC-EC207 Engineering Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC208 Programming for 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Problem Solving Lab
Professional Ethics and Human
MC-EC209 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Values
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 13 300 600 900 19.5
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - II Semester

HSMC-EC201: English-II
Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION– A
Answer ALL questions 4x15=60M
1. A)Describe the lifestyle of the Murlocks from Time Machine? [15M]
(OR)
B)Answer the following: [15M]
a) Correct the following sentences 5M
i. I will like more tea she said to the server.
ii. After today I will had worked here for ten years.
iii. I haven’t not heard from John in six months.
iv. When i am sixteen i am going get my license.
v. If I was president I will make health care more affordable.

b) Complete the following sentences with correct phrasal verbs 5M

i. Don't give singing. You are very talented.
ii. Where is the fitting room? I'd like to try these trousers.
iii. Have you tidied the kitchen, yet?
iv. My little sister woke me in the middle of the night.
v. Don't put the vase there, it will fall .
c) Write a short note on academic style in writing. 5M

2. A) Write a character sketch of Padmini from Hayavadana. [15M]

(OR)
B) Answer the following: [15M]
i) Write a letter to newspaper editor describing university 8M
ii) How is Hayavadana a theatre of roots? 7M

3. A) What can we learn from “Wings of Fire”? [15M]

(OR)
B) Answer the following: [15M]
a) Rewrite the following sentences in Passive Voice 5M
i. My sister broke my parents’ favourite lamp.
ii. The veteran pitcher threw a ball travelling at incredible speed.
iii. Some of the performances amazed us.
iv. They gave up the search after three hours.
v. The impatient server cleared the dishes from the table.
b) Write a press report on a Tech fest organised at your University. 10M

4. A) Write a note on the aphoristic style of Francis Bacon’s Of Friendship [15M]

(OR)
B) Answer the following: [15M]
i) Explain the different methods of Referencing 5M
ii) Change the following sentences from Direct to Indirect Speech 5M
1. “Do you like fish, Mary?” she asked.
2. The boy said,” I couldn’t come because of my father’s illness.”
3. “I am leaving” the sailor said
4. “What are you going to do tomorrow?” she asked me.
 5. She said to me, “Don’t worry about it.”
iii) Write short notes on the various components of a project. 5M

SECTION - B
5. Answer any FIVE questions 5 X 3 = 15M
a. Significance of References
b. Prepare your Resume
c. SQ3R
d. Formal and Informal styles
e. Expressions for Interrupting
f. Presentation Skills
g. Guidelines for Report Writing
h. Difference between Summarizing and Paraphrasing
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - II Semester

BSC-EC202: Engineering Mathematics-II

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION – A
Answer ALL Questions. 4x 15 = 60M
1. a) Reduce the following matrix into its normal form and hence find its rank

[7M+8M]

b) Test for consistency and solve

(OR)

c) Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of

[7M+8M]
d) Reduce the quadratic form into canonical form and hence
write the nature.
2. a) Evaluate by changing the order of integration [7M+8M]

b) Evaluate
(OR)
c) Find the Volume of the ellipsoid [7M+8M]

d) Evaluate by changing to polar co-ordinates. Hence show that

3. a) Given ,hence evaluate

b) Express in gamma functions[ 7M+8M]

(OR)
c) Show that [7M+8M]

d) Show that
4. a) if prove that gradu gradv gradw]= 0
b) Show that [7M+8M]
(OR)
c) Compute the line integral c about the triangle whose vertices are (1,0),(0,1)
and (-1,0) [7M+8M]
d) Verify Greens theorem for c where c is bounded by

SECTION – B
5. Answer any FIVE Questions: 5x 3 = 15M

a) Evaluate by Stokes theorem c where c is the curve

b) Solve the equations by
GaussJordan method
c) Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix
d) Evaluate
e) Show that

f) Show that
g) Show that
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - II Semester

BSC-EC203: Engineering Chemistry

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION – A
Answer ALL questions 4 X 15=60M
1. a) Write about the following [8M + 7M]
(i) Difference between Addition and Condensation polymerization
(ii) Difference between Thermosetting and Thermoplastics
(OR)
b) Write about the following preparation and properties [5M+5M+5M]
(i) Styrene butadiene Rubber (ii) Bakelite (iii) Thiokol Rubber
2. a) What is corrosion? Explain the various factors effecting on corrosion. [15M]
(OR)
b) Write about the following [5M+5M+5M]
(i) Galvanic Cells (ii) Fuel Cells (iii) Nernest Equation
3. a) Explain the Proximate and Ultimate Analysis of Coal [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the types of Organic Reactions with suitable Examples
4. a) Write about the following [7M + 8M]
(i) Hardness of water (ii) Reverse Osmosis Method.
(OR)
b) Write about the Properties and Applications of Nano Materials. [15M]

SECTION – B
5. Answer any FIVE question 5 X 3=15M
a. Write about physical properties of Polymers
b. Write about Biodegradable polymers
c. Write about Galvanizing and Tinning
d. Write about Knocking
e. Write the Structural and Stereo Chemical isomers
f. Write about Electro dialysis
g. Write about Fisher Tropsch Process
h. Explain about Ring opening and Cyclization reactions
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - II Semester

ESC-EC204: Programming for Problem Solving

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer All Questions 4x15 = 60M
1. a) Explain Control Structures with an example. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain conditional statements with examples.
2. a) Explain one and two dimensional array with examples [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain string handling functions with examples.
3. a) Explain parameter passing technique with examples. [15M]
(OR)
b) Define a pointer. Explain the concept of pointers to function with example.
4. a) Define a structure. Explain the concept of structure within a structure with example.
[15M]
(OR)
b) Define a file. Explain the file handling functions with examples.
SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following : 5x3=15M
a) Write a program to find swapping of two numbers without using third variable
b) Structure of C- Program
c) Explain the different data types in C.
d) WAP to implement insert an element into an Array.
e) Explain the categories of functions in C.
f) Explain storage classes in C.
g) Explain recursive function with example.
h) Difference between Structures and Unions
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - II Semester

ESC-EC205: Electronic Devices and Circuits

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60M
1. a) Explain in detail about the current components in a p-n junction diode. [8M]
b) Compare and contrast Zener breakdown and Avalanche breakdown [7M]
(OR)
c)Explain the working of p-n diode in forward and reverse bias conditions. [8M]
d)Explain the formation of depletion region in a PN junction [7M]
2. a) Draw and explain the circuit diagram of full wave rectifier with L-section filter [8M]
b) Derive expression for ripple factor and rms value of voltage of Halfwave rectifier with resistive
load [7M]
(OR)
c) Draw and explain the circuit diagram of full wave rectifier with inductor filter [7M]
d) A zener diode shunt regulator circuit is to be designed to maintain a constant load current 400mA
and voltage 40V. The input voltage is 90±5V. The zener voltage is 40V and its dynamic resistance is
2.5Ω. Find the following quantities for regulator:
i)the series dropping resistance (ii) zener power dissipation
(iii)load resistance. assume the zener current to be10% of load current. [8M]
3. a) Explain input and output characteristics of a transistor in CE [8M]
b) Explain the four distinct regions of the output characteristics of JFET [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain input and output characteristics of a transistor in CB configuration [8M]
d) What is thermal runaway? Derive relevant expressions to obtain thermal stability [8M]
4. a). Draw and explain the circuit diagram of RC phase shift oscillator and find the equation for
frequency [15M]
(OR)
b) Discuss the concept of Feedback and explain the circuit diagram of Colpitts Oscillator. [15M]

SECTION – B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M
a) Draw the V-I Characteristics of diode and explain
b) Define peak inverse voltage
c) Define i) Ripple factor ii) % Regulation
d) What are the differences between BJT and JFET?
e) List the advantage and disadvantages of fixed bias method
f) Draw the self-bias circuit for BJT and derive for the stability factor ‘S’
g) Draw the small signal low frequency h-parameter model of a CB Transistor
h) Define Barkhausen criteria
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
I B.Tech ECE(2020-21AB) - II Semester

MC-EC209: Professional Ethics and Human Values

Time: 3hrs Max. Marks: 75
SECTION - A
Answer ALL questions 4x15=60M
1. a) Discuss the need for value education and enumerate its content. [7M]
b) Critically evaluate the process of self-exploration. [8M]
(OR)
c) Define ethics and give an account on ethical vision. [7M]
d) Explain in detail the classification of human values. [8M]
2. a) Elucidate the nature of ethics for engineering profession. [8M]
b) Give a note on code of ethics with specific reference to CSI. [7M]
(OR)
c) Write briefly about engineering as social experimentation. [7M]
d) Explain the role of engineers in promoting ethical climate. [8M]
3. a) Discuss the moral responsibility of engineers towards safety. [8M]
b) Explain the Fukushima nuclear disaster with the ethical issues involved. [7M]
(OR)
c) Enlist the rights of a professional. [7M]
d) Trace the importance of having regulatory criteria for a balanced outlook on law. [8M]
4. a) Define the concept of globalization and explain the role of MNCs in India. [8M]
b) Discuss the importance of environmental ethics. [7M]
(OR)
c) Critically classify cybercrimes with relevant examples. [8M]
d) Discuss the concept of harmony in life. [7M]
SECTION -B
5. Answer any FIVE questions 5 X 3=15M
a. Introspection
b. Ethical decisions
c. Professionalism
d. Engineers as leaders
e. Chernobyl disaster
f. Gender discrimination
g. Computer ethics
h. Ethical living
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

II B. Tech I Semester ECE 2020-21AB (III Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks
BSC-EC301 Mathematics - III 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC302 Probability Theory and Stochastic
Processes 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC303 Signals and Systems 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Switching Theory and Logic
PCC-EC304 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Design
Electromagnetic field theory and
PCC-EC305 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Transmission Lines
Electronic Devices and Circuits
LC-EC 306 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Lab
Switching Theory and Logic
LC-EC 307 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Design Lab
LC-EC 308 Electronic Workshop Practice Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC309 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
Essence of Indian Traditional
MC-EC310 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Knowledge
TOTAL CREDITS 18 0 11 350 650 1000 21.5

Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2
Theory Hrs./ Week.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

ADIKAVI NANNA UNIVERISITY :: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - III Semester

BSC-EC301: MATHEMATICS-III
Time:3hrs Max.Markss:75
Section – A
Answer ALL Questions. 4x 15 = 60M
1. a).Find a root of the equation x  2 x  5  0, using the bisection method correct to three
3

decimal places.
b) Using Newton’s iterative method, find the real root of x log10 x  1.2 correct to
five decimal places.
[7M+8M]

(OR)
c) Using Newton’s forward formula, find the value of f(1.6),if

x 1 1.4 1.8 2.2

f(x) 3.49 4.82 5.96 6.5

d) Use Lagrange’s interpolation formula to find the value of y when x=10, if the following
valuesof x and y are given: [7M+8M]
X 5 6 9 11
Y 12 13 14 16

cos at  cos bt
2. a) Find the Laplace transform of  t sin at
t
b) Solve y"  4 y '  3 y  et , y(0)  y ' (0)  1,Using the Laplace transform method. [7M+8M]
(OR)
  at  bt
e e b
c) Prove that  dt  log  
0
t a
 1 
d) Evaluate L1  2  [7M+8M]
  s  1 s 2  9  
 

3. a) Show that f  z   xy is not analytic at z=0, although the C-R equations are satisfied at
the origin.
b) Determine the analytic function whose real part u  e x  y cos 2 xy
2 2
[7M+8M]
(OR)
 2 2 
c) If f  z  is a regular function of z, prove that  2  2  f  z   4 f 1  z 
2 2

 x y 
d) Find the value of k such that u  x, y   x  3kxy 2 is harmonic, and find its conjugate.
3
 [7M+8M]

4. a) Verify Cauchy’s theorem for the integral of z2 taken over the boundary of the rectangle
with vertices -1,1,1+i,-1+i.
sin 2 z
b) Evaluate  dz ,where C is the circle |z|=1. [7M+8M]

3

z 
 6
(OR)
2z 1
3
c) Find Taylor’s expansion of f  z   2 about the point z=i.
z z
z2  4
d) Evaluate  3 where C is the circle |z+1+i|=1. [7M+8M]
z  2z2  2z

Section – B
5. Answer any FIVE Questions: 5x 3 = 15M
a) Solve x  1  tan 1 x by iteration method.
b) State Gauss backward formula.
c) Find the Laplace transform of e2t  4t 3  2sin 3t  3cos3t .
d) Find the Laplace transformof t 2 sin at .
_
e) Prove that f  z   z  2 z is not analytic anywhere in the complex plane.
f) Show that imaginary part of z is not differentiable at origin.
3 i
x
g) Evaluate  z 2 dz along the line y  .
0
3
1
h) Find the poles and the corresponding residues of
 z 2  1
3
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

ADIKAVI NANNA UNIVERISITY :: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM

II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - III Semester
BSC-EC302 PROBABILITY THEORY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
Time:3hrs Max.Markss:75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) State and prove the properties of probability density function . [7M]
b) Discuss the characteristics of Binomial, Rayleigh random variables using relevant expressions and
sketches of their distribution and density functions. [8M]
(OR)
b) Explain Gaussian random variable with neat sketches? [7M]
c) A random variable X has FX(x) = (1- (1/4) e )u(x). Find the value of ‘c’ and P[2<X10]. [8M]
-cx

2. a) What is meant by expectation? State and prove its properties. [7M]

b) Let Y=2X+3, If the random variable is uniformly distributed over [-1, 2], determine fy(y). [8M]
(OR)
c) State and prove properties of moment generating function. [8M]
d) Write notes on monotonic transformations for a continuous random variable. [7M]
3. a) Define joint distribution function of random variables and write its properties. [7M]
b) State central limit theorem for the following cases: [8M]
i) Equal distributions ii) Unequal distributions Determine fZ(Z) in terms
of fX(X)and fY(Y), if Z=X+Y
(OR)
c) Write short notes on jointly Gaussian random variables [7M]
d) Let Z is the sum of two independent random variables X and Y. Find the PDF of Z [8M]
4. Define autocorrelation function of a random process and write its properties [8M]
a) If X(t) is a stationary process, find the power spectrum of Y(t)= A 0+ B0 X(t)in term of the power
spectrum of X(t) if A0 and B0 are real constants [7M]
(OR)
b) What is random process? Explain Gaussian random process [7M]
c) Explain with the help of relevant expressions about WSS and SSS of a random process [8M]

SECTION – B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M

a. Give example for continuous random variable and discrete random variable.
b. Show that the first central moment is zero.?
c. If K is a constant, then for a random variable X, prove that Var(KX)=K Var(X).
d. What is Transformation? Classify the different types Transformation of Random Variable
e. Define marginal probability density functions?
f. State the conditions for a WSS random process.
g. When a random process is called SSS process? Explain
h. Differentiate between Random Processes and Random variables with an example
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - III Semester
PCC-EC303: SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
Time: 3 Hr Max Marks:75
SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M

1. a) Define orthogonal signals space and bring out clearly its applications in representing signals. (8M)
b) Show that x(t)=A e- α (t) u(t), α>0 is an energy signal or not. (7M)
(OR)
c) Determine the power and RMS value of the signals.
i) x(t)=5cos (50t+π/3) ii) x(t)=10 cos 5t cos 10t. (7M)
d) Find the even and odd components of the following signals
(i) x(t)=cos t + sin t + cos t sin t. (ii) x(n)={-2,1,2,-1,3}. (8M)
2. a) Derive the complex Fourier exponential series representation. (8M)
b) show the periodic rectangular waveform. Obtain its Fourier series representation (7M)

(OR)
c) Explain and derive the Fourier transform of some standard signals (7M)
d) Explain the importance of sampling theorem. What is aliasing and how is it avoided. (8M)
3. a) The output response of a continuous time LTI system is 2e−3t when the input x(t) is u(t) find the
Transfer function. (8M)
b) Define an LTI system. List the properties of LTI system and Explain. (7M)
(OR)
c) Prove that the Transmission of a pulse through a Low Pass Filter causes the dispersion of the pulse
(8M)
d) What is Poly-Wiener criterion for physical realization? Explain (7M)
4. a) Explain the Initial and Final value theorems of Laplace transform (8M)
2
b) the transfer function H(s) = s+10/ s +3s+2 find the response due to input x(t) = sin2(t) u(t) (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain the concept of ROC in Z-Transforms and list any 2 properties of the same. (8M)
d) Find the inverse of Z-Transform of X(Z)=Z/(3Z2-4Z+1). (7M)

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M
a) Define signal and systems. List the classification of signals.
b) Define orthogonal functions give some examples of orthogonal function.
c) Differentiate between Fourier series and Fourier transforms.
d) Write shorts notes on dirichlets condition.
e) What are the Conditions for a System to be LTI System?
f) Define system bandwidth,
g) Find the Laplace transforms of the signals x(t)=e-at u(t).
h) Explain the time reversal property for Z-Trans form.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - III Semester

PCC-EC304: SWITCHING THEORY AND LOGIC DESIGN

Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) Given the 8bit data word 01011011, generate the 12-bit composite word for the hamming code
that corrects and detects single errors [8M]
b)Perform the following addition using excess-3 code i) 386+756 ii)1010 + 444 [7M]
(OR)
c) What is the difference between canonical form and standard form? Explain [8M]
d) How are negative numbers represented? Represent signed numbers from +7 to -8 using
different ways of representation. [7M]
2. a) Find the complement of the following Boolean functions and reduce them to minimum number
of literals. [15M]
i) (b c’ +a’ d) (ab’ +cd’) ii) (b’ d+ a’ b c’ +a c d+ a’ b c)
(OR)
b) Simplify the following Boolean expressions using K-map and implement it by using NOR
gates. [15M]
i) F(A, B,C,D)=AB’C’ +AC+A’CD’
ii)F(W, X,Y,Z)=w’ x’y’z’ + wxy’z’ + w’x’yz + wxyz
3. a) Design a 3 input 5-bit multiplexer. Write the truth table and draw the logic diagram. [15M]
(OR)
b)A simple floating-point encoder converts 16-bit fixed-point data using four high order bits
beginning with MSB. Design the logic circuit. [15M]
4. a) Design a modulo-8 binary counter and decoder with glitch-free outputs. Explain the operation.
[15M]
(OR)
b) Design a modulo-100 counter using two 74X163 binary counters. [15M]

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M
a) Convert (97.75)10 to base
b) Prove that OR-AND network is equivalent to NOR-NOR network
c) Write and prove de-Morgan laws
d) Design 2x4 decoder using NAND gates
e) What are applications of Flip-Flop?
f) Draw the circuit to convert a D flip-flop
g) Draw the 16-bit comparator using 74X85 ICs.
h) Discuss about universal shift Register
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - III Semester
PCC-EC305: ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY AND TRANSMISSION LINES
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks:75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a). State and explain Coulomb’s law. Obtain an expression in vector form. (7M)
b) Two uniform line charges of density 8nC/m are located in a plane with y=0 at x= ± 4m. Find
theElectric field at a point P (0m, 4m, 10m) (8M)
(OR)
c) Derive an expression for the electric field intensity due to a finite length line charge along the
z-axis at an arbitrary point Q(x,y,z) (15M)
2. a). State Gauss’s law. Using divergence theorem and Gauss’s law, relate the displacement
density D to the volume charge density _v. (7M)
b) A sphere of radius “a” is filled with a uniform charge density of ‘ _v’ C/ m3.Determine the
electric field inside and outside the sphere. (8M)
(OR)
c) Using Gauss’s law, derive the expressions for electric field intensity and electric flux density
due to an infinite sheet of conductor of charge density _ C/cm. (15M)
3. a) A line charge _L= 400pC/m lies along the X-axis. The surface of zero potential passes through
thepoint P(0,5,12)m. Find the potential at point (2,3,-4)m (15M)
(OR)
c) Explain the concept of Magnetic vector potential (7M)
d) Write Maxwell’s equations in different final forms and in word Statements. (8M)
4. a).An airline has a characteristic impedance of 70 _ and a phase constant of 3 rad/m at 100MHz.
Calculate the inductance per meter and the capacitance per meter of the line. (15M)
(OR)
b) Starting from the equivalent circuit, derive the transmission line equations for V and I, in terms
ofthe source parameters. (15M)

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M
a)What is the electric field intensity at a distance of 20cm from a charge of 2μC in vacuum?
b)Write the point form of continuity equation and explain its significance?
c) Name few applications of Gauss’s law in electrostatics.
d) Write down the magnetic boundary conditions
e) Write the expression for Zo in terms of primary constants.
f) Define Attenuation constant
g) For a transmission line VSWR is 4. What is the reflection coefficient?
h)The expression for instantaneous power flow in electromagnetic field and instantaneousPoynting vector.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - III Semester
MC-EC310: ESSENCE OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE

Max Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 75M

SECTION-A
Answer ALL questions. 4× 15 = 60 M
1. Define Traditional Knowledge? Explain about its nature, scope and characteristics. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain about the historical impact of social change on traditional knowledge system.
2. a) Explain the need of protecting the traditional knowledge significance in detail. (15M)
(OR)
b) what do you mean by biological diversity? Explain about Biological Acts2002.
3. a) Illustrate certain non IPR mechanisms of Traditional knowledge protection. (15M)
(OR)
b) why do we need to protect Traditional knowledge? What benefits do traditional
knowledge bringto the society.
4. a) Explain about Traditional Knowledge in sectors like Engineering and Agriculture. (15M)
(OR)
b) Illustrate the importance of conservation and sustainable development of Food security
of thecountry and protection of Tk.

SECTION-A
5. Answer Any FIVE questions 5×3 = 15 M
a) Define Western knowledge.
b)What are different kinds of traditional knowledge?
c) List out the role of Government to harness in TK.
d) Illustrate different strategies to increase traditional knowledge.
e) Define bio technology
f) Write about indigenous knowledge.
g) Define intellectual property.
h) How TK related to Biodiversity.
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

II B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (IV Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks
Total
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Credits
Marks
ESC-EC401 Network Analysis 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
BSC-EC402 Control Systems 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC403 Analog and Digital Circuits 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC404 Analog Communications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Managerial Economics and
HSMC-EC405 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Financial Analysis
LC-EC 406 Network Analysis and ET Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC 407 Analog Communications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC 408 Analog & Digital Circuits Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC409 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
TOTAL CREDITS 16 0 11 325 575 900 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week. Two months Summer Internship/Technical Course mandatory after second year which can be
evaluated during V Semester.

.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - IV Semester
ESC-EC401: NETWORK ANALYSIS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a). Prove that in a linear graph, every cut-set has an even number of branches in common with every loop.
[8M]
b)Explain the following. [7M]
i) The current through an inductor cannot change instantaneously.
ii) The voltage across a capacitor cannot change instantaneously.
(OR)
c) Obtain the star connected equivalent circuit of the delta connected circuit. [8M]
d) Show that for a network graph with P separate parts, n nodes and b branches, the number of chordsC is
given as C = b – n + P [7M]

2. a) Find the current ix in the circuit shown below by using nodal analysis. [15M]

(OR)
b) Find the transmission parameters of the following two port network: [15M]

3. a) The switch in the following circuit has been closed for a long time. It is open at t = 0. Find
(i) i(0+), v(0+) (ii) di(0+)/dt, dv(0+)/dt [15M]

(OR)
b) Calculate the voltage v(t) shown in figure, given an initial current i(0-) = 1A using Laplacetransform
method. [15M]
4. a) Determine the value of R to have a maximum power transfer in the circuit shown below. Also obtainthe
amount of maximum power. [15M]

(OR)
b) Determine thevenin‟s equivalent circuit across a-b terminals [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M

a) Define V-shift and I-shift in the source transformation

b) Mention some salient features of Tellegen’s theorem.
c) What are the inverse transmission parameters and express their relations.
d) Define natural response
e) Comment briefly on the choice between loop and node methods of analyzing a network.
f) Mention some important characteristics of an ideal capacitor
g) State and explain the substitution theorem.
h) What do you understand by a reciprocal network
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - IV Semester

BSC-EC402: CONTROL SYSTEMS

Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) Compare the performances of closed loop and open loop control system (7M)
b) Explain the effects of feedback on the system performance (8M)
(OR)
c) Write the force equations of the linear translational system shown in the figure 1 below. Draw the
equivalent electrical network using force-voltage analogy, with the help of necessary mathematical
equitation. (15M)

2. a). Derive an expression for the transfer function of an armature controlled DC servo motor (15M)
(OR)
b) Illustrate the effect of the value of damping ratio on the location of closed-loop poles of a standard
second order system. (8M)
c) The forward transfer function of a unity feedback type1, second order system has a pole at -2. Thenature
of gain K is so adjusted that damping ratio is 0.4. The above equation is subjected to input r(t)=1+4t.Find
steady state error (7M)

3. a) A unity feedback control system is characterized by the open loop transfer function G(s) = ( +11)
/( +5)( +9) Using the Routh criterion (15M)
i) Calculate the range of values of K for the system to be stable.
ii) What is the marginal value of K for stability? Determine the frequency of oscillations if any
(OR)
b) A unity feedback system has an open loop function G (s) = ( 2+3 +10) make a rough sketch of root
locus plot by determining the following. (15M)
(i) Centroid, number and angle of asymptotes
(ii) Angle of departure of root loci from the poles,
(iii) Breakaway points if any,
(iv) points of intersection with jω axis
4. a) Derive the expressions for frequency domain specifications of a secondorder system (7M)
b) Given damping ratio = 0.7 and n=10rad/sec find the resonant Peak,resonant frequency and band
width (8M)
(OR)
c) Explain the procedure to determine the gain margin and phase margin of a system from its Bode plot?
(7M)
d) A feedback system has G(s) H(s) =100( +4) /( +0.5)( +10)Draw the Bode plot. (8M)
 SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M

a) Explain Control System?

b) Define closed loop control system
c) Write Masons gain formula.
d) Define Signal flow graph.
e) Define BIBO stability. what is the necessary condition for stability?
f) Explain dominant pole
g) Define Resonant Peak.
h) Explain Gain cross-over frequency and phase cross-over frequency
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - IV Semester
PCC-EC403: ANALOG AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M

1. a) Draw the High frequency model of a Transistor. Derive the relationship between high frequency and
lowfrequency parameters. [8M]
b) Compare, CS, CH, and CD amplifier circuits at high frequencies . [7M]
(OR)
c) Draw the equivalent diagram of a single stage CE amplifier at high frequencies. Derive the expression
for gain under short circuited load conditions [15M]
2. a) Derivean expression for the lower 3dB frequency of an RC coupled amplifier using BJT by taking the
effectCoupling capacitor into account. [15M]
(OR)
b) Draw the circuit and explain the working principle of a complementary symmetry push-pull power
amplifier and state its disadvantages? [15M]
3. a) Explain the response of High-pass RC circuit for square wave input. [8M]
b) Draw the circuit diagram of emitter coupled clipper and explain its operation. [7M]
(OR)
c) A pulse is applied to low-pass RC circuit. Prove that area under the pulse is same as area under the
output waveform across the capacitor. [8M]
d) Explain clipping at two independent levels using diodes. [7M]
4. a) Derive the expression for gate width of a monostable multivibrator neglecting the reverse saturation
current ICBO. [15M]
(OR)
c) What is meant by time base signal? What are the general features of time base signal? Explain. [8M]
d) Explain about transistor miller time base generator. [7M]

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M

a) Explain different Hybrid-π Capacitances and derive necessary expressions.

b) Explain the why RC oscillators are not used at high frequencies.
c) Explain how a power amplifier acts as a rectifier.
d) Give the classification of tuned amplifiers.
e) What is cross over distortion?
f) What is meant by linear wave shaping?
g) What is meant by sweep time and restoration time?
h) Write the applications of Schmitt trigger.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - IV Semester
PCC-EC404: ANALOG COMMUNICATIONSMODEL QUESTION PAPER
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) With suitable diagram explain the square-law diode modulation method for AM generation? (8M)
b) An amplitude modulated voltage is given by V = 50 (1 + 0.2 cos 100 t + 0.001 cos 3500t) cos 106 t.
State all frequency components present in the voltage, and find modulation index for each modulating
voltage term. What is the effective modulation index of V? (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain the generation of DSB-SC signal using balanced modulator? Derive the expression for DSBSC
signal? (8M)
d) The peak amplitude of an amplitude modulated signal varies from 2V to 10V. Calculate the
modulation index, modulation efficiency and total power? (7M)

2. a) Derive expression for the single tone modulated FM waves. (8M)

b) A carrier is frequency modulated by a sinusoidal signal of frequency 2kHz resulting in a maximum
frequency deviation of 6kHz. i) Calculate the modulation index and band width ii) If the amplitude of the
message signal is increased by a factor of 3and its frequency is decreased to 2 kHz. Calculate the
modulation index and B.W. (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain in detail about NBFM and WBFM. Derive the expression for bandwidth of wideband FM.
(8M)
d) List out the differences between AM and FM? (7M)

3. a) Explain the importance of sampling theorem. What is aliasing and how is it avoided. (10M)
b) Explain Nyquist rate if sampling. (5M)
(OR)
c) With neat sketch explain the generation of PPM from PWM. (10M)
d) Compare merits and demerits of TDM and FDM. (5M)
4. a) Discuss the noise performance of AM system using envelop detection? (8M)
b) Explain clearly about pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM wave. (7M)
(OR)
c) With the aid of the block diagram explain TRF receiver. Also explain the basic super heterodyne
principle. (8M)
d) List out the advantages and disadvantages of TRF receiver. (7M)

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M
a) Explain need for modulation.
b) What are the Advantages of SSB systems? List Application of SSB?
c) What are Advantages & Applications of FM?
d) Define PLL.
e) Compare PAM, PPM, and PWM.
f) List out various noise sources.
g) List the Classification of receivers.
h) Define noise figure, noise equivalent temperature.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
II B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - IV Semester
HSMC-EC405: MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M

1. a) What is managerial economics? Explain its nature and significance. [15M]
(OR)
b) What do you understand by elasticity of Demand? Explain the factors governing it. [15M]
2. a) Discuss about different costs in cost analysis. [15M]
(OR)
b) A hi-tech rail can carry a maximum of 36000 passengers per annum at a fare of Rs.400. the variable
cost per passenger is Rs.150 while the fixed costs are 25,00,000/- per year. Find the break-even point
interms of number of passengers and also in terms of fare collection. [15M]
3. a) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of partnership firm. [15M]
(OR)
b) Discuss the business challenges in the era of globalization. [15M]
4. a) What is capital budgeting? Explain the significance of capital budgeting. [15M]
(OR)
b) What is ratio analysis? Discuss the different types of balance sheet ratios. [15M]

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following. 3x5=15M
a) Explain Law of demand and types of demand
b) Write about Isoquants and Isocosts
c) Explain the objectives of pricing
d) What are the profitable ratios?
e) Write about the joint stock company
f) Explain the features of Monopoly competition.
g) How to determine the demand
h) Explain about the financial statements.
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering
(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme)

III B. TECH , I Semester (V Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks Total

CourseCode Title of the Course Credits
L T P Internal External Marks

PCC-EC501 Linear IC Applications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3

PCC-EC502 Antennas and Wave Propagation 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC503 Digital Communications 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Open Elective Course-I
A. Computer Organization
OEC-EC504 B. Networks and Protocols 2 0 2 25 75 100 3
C. Data Mining and Ware
Housing
Professional Elective - I
A. VLSI Design
PEC-EC505 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Digital IC Design
C. Optoelectronics.

LC-EC506 Digital Communications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

LC-EC507 Linear IC Applications Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5

SDC-EC508 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
MC-EC509 Constitution of India 2 0 0 25 75 100 0
Summer Internship 2 Months (Mandatory)
0 0 0 100 -- 100 1.5
after Second year (to be evaluated during V
Semester
TOTAL CREDITS 17 0 10 400 600 1000 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs/Week and 1 Theory Hrs/Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs/ Week.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
PCC-EC501: LINEAR IC APPLICATIONS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) Explain the application of op-amp as (1) integrator (2) differentiator. (7M)
b) Write short notes on classification of Integrated circuits. (8M)
(OR)
c) Discuss about multivibrator with an example. (8M)
d) Write brief notes on op-amp parameters. (7M)
2. a) Explain IC1496 balanced modulator with a neat sketch. (15M)
(OR)
b) Briefly explain about saw-tooth square wave generator. (15M)
3. a) Explain about mono stable and astable operations of 555 timers. (8M)
b) Write about phase locked loop. (7M)
(OR)
c) What are the applications of VCO. (8M)
d) Explain Schmitt trigger. (7M)
4. a) Explain about R-2R ladder DAC. (15M)
(OR)
b) What are the basic DAC techniques. (15M)

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5x3 =15M
a. Explain about 741 op- amp with pin diagram.
b. Explain about instrumentation amplifier.
c. What are the first and second order of LPF.
d. Define band pass and band reject filters.
e. Draw the pin diagram of 555 timer and explain.
f. What are the applications of PLL.
g. What are the different types of ADC.
h. Explain about weighted resistors of DAC.
.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
PCC-EC502: ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) Explain the radiation mechanism in short dipole. [8M]
b) Explain about field regions of an antenna. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain about radiation intensity of an antenna. [7M]
d) Discuss about linear, circular and elliptical polarizations. [8M]
2. a) Define effective area and explain its significance. [8M]
b) State reciprocity theorem and explain its use in antennas. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain about Radiation from a half-wave dipole. [8M]
d) Explain current distribution on linear dipoles. [7M]
3. a) Explain about Broad side array. [8M]
b) Explain about Folded dipoles and write its characteristics. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain about Radiation from a Quarter-wave monopole. [8M]
d) Derive the expression for field strength of a uniform linear array. [7M]
4. a) Derive the expression for field strength due to space wave. [8M]
b) Write the salient features of ground wave propagation. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain the mechanism of ionospheric propagation. [8M]
d) What is meant by Duct propagation? Explain. [7M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5x3=15M

a) Define polarization
b) Write short notes on characteristic impedance of patch antenna.
c) Define Gain and Resolution of an antenna
d) Define Skip distance.
e) What is meant by beam efficiency?
f) What is meant by Ground wave? Explain
g) Write the applications of Horn antenna.
h) What is meant by Duct propagation.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
PCC-EC503: DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS
Time: 3hr Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) Explain the elements of Digital communication system. (7M)
b) Explain sampling , quantization and coding. (8M)
(OR)
c) Write the comparison of PCM and DM systems. (15M)

2. a) What are the similarity of BFSK & BPSK. (15M)

(OR)
b) Explain about ASK, FSK , PSK, DPSK, DEPSK. (7M)
c) Explain the calculation of error probability of ASK, BPSK. (8M)
3. a) Explain entropy and its properties. (8M)

b) Explain mutual information and its properties. (7M)

(OR)
c) Explain Shanon –Fano coding with example. (8M)
d) Explain Huffman coding with example. (7M)
4. a) Explain Error detection and Error correction capability of Linear block codes. (15M)
(OR)
b) what is Shanon – Fano coding and give the examples for it. What are the advantages of Shanon – Fano
coding. (15M)
SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5x3 =15M
a) Explain about quantization.
b) Explain delta modulation and its draw back
c) Explain about QPSK.
d) Define optimum filter.
e) What is average information.
f) What are the advantages of Shanon – Fano coding.
g) What are BCH codes.
h) Explain about tree and trellis diagram decoding.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
OEC-EC504A: COMPUTER ORGANIZATION
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x15 = 60M
1. a) Explain different addressing modes with examples. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain Design of Accumulator logic. [15M]

2. a) Write notes on asynchronous data transfer. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain direct memory access? [15M]

3. a) Explain in brief main memory concepts? [08M]

b) Expalin in brief cache memory. [07M]
(OR)
c) Explain the concepts of virtual memory? [15M]

4. a) Explain 8085 Microprocessor Architecture? [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain Intel 8085 Microprocessor Instructions? [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE Questions. 5x3 = 15M

a) Stack Organization?
b) Instruction cycle?
c) I/O vs memory bus?
d) Priority interrupts?
e) Associative memory?
f) Memory protection?
g) Write short notes on 8085 pin configuration?
h) Intel 8085 instructions of Arithmetic and logic group
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
OEC-EC504B: NETWORKS AND PROTOCOLS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a) Explain briefly the design of ARQ. [15M]
(OR)
b) Write about different types of messages & general message formats of ICMP. [15M]

2. a) Explain the concept of sub-netting. [8M]

b) Explain briefly TCP design. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain briefly UDP operation. [8M]
d) Explain TCP header option. [7M]

3. a) Explain IGMP operation is single network. [8M]

b) Write about communication in FTP. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain connection management in TCP [15M]

4. a) Write about DNS in the internet. [8M]

b) Explain BOOTP protocol. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain HTTP. [8M]
d) Explain client-server model. [7M]

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE Questions. 5x 3 =15M
a. What is super netting?
b. Why do you use RARP?
c. What is Gateway?
d. What is MBONE?
e. Write the format of UDP.
f. Define data encryption.
g. Define the concept of sockets.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
OEC-EC504C: DATA MINING AND WARE HOUSING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a). Compare and contrast OLAP and OLTP. [15M]
(OR)
b) What are different schemas for design of a data ware house? Explain with neat sketches. [15M]

2. a) Explain how the evolution of database technology led to data mining . [15M]
(OR)
b) Describe any five advanced data base systems and applications. [15M]

3. a) What is association rule Mining problem? Explain Aprori algorithm for finding frequent item sets with
example. [15M]
(OR)
b) What is the difference between mining frequent item sets with candidate generation and without
candidate generation? Explain. [15M]

4. a) Briefly describe the ways to reduce the computational complexity of frequent item set generation.[15M]
(OR)
b) What is candidate generation? List the requirements for an effective candidate generation. [8M]
c) Briefly describe the relation among frequent, maximal frequent and closed frequent item sets. [7M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) What is data mining? Give an example.
b) Compare and contrast ROLAP versus MOLAP
c) What is data integration and why it is necessary?
d) What is classification? Explain briefly.
e) What are the time and space complexities of K-means clustering algorithm?
f) What is Apriori principle? Explain briefly.
g) Why confidence-based pruning is required?
h) Would the cosine measure be the appropriate similarity measure to
use with Kmeansclustering for time series data? Why or why not?
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
PEC-EC505A: VLSI DESIGN

Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60 M
1. a) What are the steps involved in the nMOS fabrication? Explain with neat sketches. (7M)
b) Explain the structures of n MOS enhancement mode, depletion mode and p-MOS enhancement mode
transistors. (8M)
(OR)
c) Derive the expression for the ratio between Zp.u and Zp.d if an nMOS inverter is to be driven from
another nMOS inverter. (8M)
d) Draw and explain the operation of BiCMOS inverter. (7M)

2. a) What is a stick diagram? Explain about different symbols used for components in stickdiagram.(8M)
b) Draw and Explain about the nMOS inverter design style. (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain about Lambda Based Design Rules. (7M)
d) Design a stick diagram for 2 input NAND gate by using CMOS Logic. (8M)

3. a). Explain the concept of sheet resistance and apply it to compute the ON resistance (VDD to GND)of an
NMOS inverter having pull up to pull down ratio of 4:1, If n channel resistance isRsn =104 Ω per square.
(7M)
b) What is inverter delay? How delay is calculated to for multiple stages? (8M)
(OR)
c) Realize basic gates using NMOS. (8M)
d) Explain the structured design approach of parity generator. (7M)

4. a).Explain about the SoC design. (8M)

b) Write the VHDL code to implement stack. (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain about building block architecture of FPGA (8M)
d) Write a Code for shift register implementation usingVHDL. (7M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Compare CMOS, Bipolor, BiCMOS technologies?
b) Define the terms figure of merit ( 0), Pass transistor, gds.
c) Explain how stick diagrams can be used for layout diagrams.
d) Design a stick diagram for inverter using CMOS.
e) Explain a four line Gray code to Binary code converter.
f) Write short notes on switch logic and its arrangements.
g) List the applications of FPGA.
h) Explain the functions of LUT based logic block.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
PEC-EC505B: DIGITAL IC DESIGN
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X 15 = 60 M
1. a) Determine the pull-up to pull-down ratio for an NMOS inverter [15M]
(OR)
b) What are the criteria for voltage threshold for high level and low level in NMOS inverter
characteristics?Explain [15M]

2. a) Explain and derive the necessary DC region equations of a CMOS inverter. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the DC noise margin of CMOS logic [15M]

3. a) Explain voltage boots trapping with an example. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain the concept of charge storage and charge leakage associated with pass transistor logic.
[15M]

4. a) Write about the leakage currents in SRAM. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain NOR flash memory [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Write short notes on transmission gates with the relevant circuits.
b) Design the operation of 2 input NMOS NAND
c) Bring out the two differences between Pass Transistor logic and transmission gate logic.
d) Define voltage boots trapping
e) Write notes on pseudo NMOS logic gate
f) Differentiate any three static and dynamic latches.
g) Write short notes on Dynamic pass transistor
h) What are the types of DRAM
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
PEC-EC504C: OPTOELECTRONICS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a) Derive the expressions for Carrier life time [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain about optical absorption and optical recombination [15M]

2. a) Differentiate between Direct andIndirect band gap semiconductors [15M]

(OR)
b) Draw and explain about Hetro junction LEDs used in optical fiber communication [15M]

3. a) With a neat diagram explain about vertical surface emitting LASERs [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the principle of laser diode and laser oscillator conditions [15M]

4. a) What is liquid crystal display? Explain reflection and transferrable types [15M]
(OR)
b) WhaT IS p-n JUNCTION? Explain the Photovoltaic V-I characteristics [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following. 5 x 3 =15M

a) Explain the properties of single and compound semiconductors
b) Differentiate between optical recombination and optical absorption
c) Draw the energy band diagram of the semiconductors
d) Write about LED materials and types
e) Define stimulated emission in lasers
f) Write about QuaNTUM WELL Quantum dot devices
g) Write about LED TV
h) Write about Solar cells materials and Plasma Displays
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - V Semester
MC-EC509: CONSTITUTION OF
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1.a) What is a Constitution? Explain the importance of Preamble. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain in detail the Fundamental Rights and Duties.

2.a) Explain Judiciary and its structure. (8M)

b) Explain Federalism and Centre-State relationship structure (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain the role of President and his powers. (8M)
d) Elucidate upon the structure of Lok Sabha. (7M)

3. a) Explain the Role and Importance of Municipalities (15M)

(OR)
b) Explain the significance of Panchayat Raj.

4 .a) What is the role of Election Commission? Explain the powers vested to ElectionCommissioner. (15M)
(OR)
b) What are some of the functions taken up by the EC for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC andWomen?

SECTION- B
5. Answer any FIVE Questions. 5 x 3 = 15M
a) History of Indian Constitution
b) Directive Principles of State Policy
c) The Supreme Court
d) Council of Ministers
e) Structure of State Secretariat
f) Grass root Democracy
g) Zila Panchayat
h) Sources of Indian Constitution
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme

III B. Tech II Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (VI Semester)
Hours/weeks Max Marks
Total Credits
CourseCode Title of the Course L T P Internal External Marks
Microprocessors and
PCC-EC601 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Microcontrollers
PCC-EC602 Microwave Engineering 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
PCC-EC603 Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
Professional Elective Course - II
A. Computer Networks
Engineering.
PEC-EC604 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Artificial Neural Networks
and Fuzzy Logic.
C. Bio-Medical Engineering.
Open Elective Course - II
A. Python Programming
OEC-EC605 B. Object Oriented 2 0 0 25 75 100 3
Programming Through Java.
C. Machine Learning.
Microprocessors and
LC-EC606 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
Microcontrollers Lab
LC-EC607 Microwave Engineering Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
LC-EC608 Digital Signal Processing Lab 0 0 3 50 50 100 1.5
SDC-EC609 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
TOTAL CREDITS 15 0 11 325 575 900 21.5
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week. Two months Summer Internship/Technical Course mandatory after Third year which can be evaluated
during VII Semester.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
PCC-EC601: MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a) Explain the architecture of 8086. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain assembler directives of 8086. (15M)

2. a) What are assembly language program development tools. (15M)

(OR)
b) Explain 8086 Interrupts and interrupts response . (15M)

3. a) What are the specifications and different types of DAC and Interfacing. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain briefly about 8251. (15M)

4. a) Explain the architecture of 8051. (15M)

(OR)
b) Write about instruction set of 8051. (15M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) What are the difference between MP & MC

b) Draw the pin configuration of 8086.
c) Explain the minimum mode system.
d) What are the ports in micro computer system.
e) Draw 8255 architecture.
f) Define DMA .
g) Draw the pin configuration of 8051 and explain.
h) What are the addressing modes of 8051.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
PCC-EC602: MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a) Explain the microwave spectrum and bands. [15M]
(OR)
b) What are the characteristics equation and cut off frequencies. [15M]

2. a)What are the S- matrix calculations for two port junctions , E- plane and H- plane tees. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain S- matrix Calculations for Gyrator, Isolator and Circulator. [15M]

3. a)Explain O type and M type classifications. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain velocity modulation process and applegate diagram. [15M]

4. a) Explain the description of Microwave bench , different blocks and their features [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the measurement of Attenuation. [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a). Draw the sketches of TE and TM mode fields in the cross section.
b). What are the applications of Microwaves.
c). Explain dielectric , rotary vane types.
d). Explain probe loop, aperture types.
e) Explain velocity modulation process.
f) Define Reflex klystron .
g) Define VSWR.
h) What are the impedance measurement.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
PCC-EC603: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions
1. a) Find the solution to the following linear convolution difference equation ( ) −3/2( − 1) +1/2( − 2)=
(1/2) ≥ 0with initial conditions (−1) = 4 (−2) = 10 (10M)
b) Explain causality and Stability of a linear time invariant system (5M)
(OR)
c) Determine the frequency response, Magnitude and Phase responses and time delay of the systems
given by( ) = ( ) − ( − 1) + ( − 2) (10M)
d) Derive the relationship between impulse response and frequency response of a discrete time system
(5M)

2. a) Find the DFT of the Following sequence using FFT DIF ( ) = {1,2,3,5,5,3,2,1} (10M)
b) Find the N-Point DFT for ( ) = 0< <1 (5M)
(OR)
c) Compute the DFT of the sequence ( ) = sin [sin ⁄4], where N=8 using DIT FFT (10M)
d) Given ( ) = {1,2,3,4,4,3,2,1}, ( ) (5M)

3. a) Realize the following IIR system functions in the direct form I and II and also Parallel form ( ) = 1/
(1+ −1)(1− −1) (15M)
(OR)
b) What is a Keiser window? In what way is it superior to other window functions (5M)
c) Convert the analog filter to digital filter whose system function is ( ) = 1/ ( + )2+( +1) (10M)
4. a) Draw the block diagram of multistage interpolator and explain each block (10M)
b) Derive an expression for the spectrum of output signal of an decimator (5M)
(OR)
c) The Desired frequency of a low pass filter is ( −)={ − 3 0, −3 4≤ ≤3 4
Determine ( ) = 7 using rectangular Window. (15M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Find the power of the signal [ ] = ( ) = {3(−1) , ≥ 00, < 0
b) What is BIBO stability? What are the conditions of BIBO system?
c) Show that the following systems are nonlinear and time invariant ( ) − ( )( − 1) = ( )
d) What are the basic building blocks of realization structures?
e) What are the Advantages of DSP processors in relation to general purpose processors?
f) State all properties of DFT?
g) Compare direct form I and direct form II realization of IIR systems?
h) What is the need for multirate signal processing?
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
PEC-EC604A: COMPUTER NETWORKS ENGINEERING.
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a) What do you mean by computer network? Classify computer networks and Explain them in brief. (8M)
b) Distinguish between TCP/IP and OSI Model (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain detail about Network Hardware. How network hardware support the communication of two
systems? (8M)
d) Define Topology. Discuss in brief about computer network topologies (7M)
2. a) Define Topology. Discuss in brief about computer network topologies (8M)
b) Explain details about ISDN. Describe the types of ISDN (7M)
(OR)
c) Differentiate between guided and unguided transmission media. (8M)
d) What are the advantages of Narrow brand and broad band ISDN? (7M)
3. a) What are the various types of error detection methods and explain in detail (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain detail about the carrier sense multiple access protocols. (15M)
4. a) Describe importance of DNS in application layer (8M)
b) What is multicasting? Briefly discuss multicasting techniques and protocols (7M)
(OR)
c) Write a detailed note on transport services (8M)
d) What is World Wide Web? Explain details about HTTP (7M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 =15 M

a) Define Computer network
b) What are the advantages of MAN?
c) Discuss about unguided transmission media.
d) Write about Hamming code.
e) What is the purpose of DNS.
f) What are the advantages of transport layer.
g) What are the advantages of slotted Aloha.
h) What is the difference between broad casting and multicasting.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
PEC-EC604B: ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) Explain the biological prototype of neuron. Also explain the characteristics of neuron (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain with neat sketch the McCulloch-Pitts model of artificial neural network? (15M)

2. a)What are the learning strategies? Explain any two? (15M)

(OR)
b) Describe the activation dynamic models? (15M)

3. a) Discuss the working of single layer perceptron and multilayer perceptron with relevant algorithm and
compare them (15M)
(OR)
b) Write about the applications of perceptron model? (15M)

4. a) Define membership? What are different types of membership functions with neatschematic? (8M)
b) Discuss any two membership value assignment? (7M)
(OR)
c) How do you convert a fuzzy set to single crisp value and discuss the methods to be used? (15M)

SECTION-B
5. Answers any FIVE of the following. 5 x 3 = 15M

a) List out the Potential Applications of ANN.

b). Write about Neuron Activation Function.
c). What is Single Layer Feed Forward Neural Networks?
d). Explain about Kolmogorov Theorem.
e). Write about Reinforcement learning.
f). Differentiate fuzzy set from classical set and name the properties of classical (crisp) sets
g). Write the Applications of Fuzzy Logic
h). What is classical set?
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
PEC-EC604C: BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M
1. a) How the bioelectric potentials are measured? Name some of the equipment using such measurement.
(7M)
b) What is a man-instrument system? Explain. (8M)
(OR)
c) What is a man-instrument system? Explain (8M)
d) Discuss the Bioelectric potentials of EMG. (7M)

2. a) Draw different ECG lead configurations and explain recording of ECG. (8M)
b) Explain the electrical conduction system of a heart (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain the basic transducer principle with an example (7M)
d) Give the comparison of internal and external bio-potential electrodes. (8M)

3. a) Compare and contrast pacemakers and defibrillators. (8M)

b) With neat diagram explain about the calibration and repair ability of patient monitoring equipment.
(7M)
(OR)
c) What are the elements of intensive-care unit? Explain. (8M)
d) What are the elements of intensive-care unit? Explain. (7M)

4. a) Explain about shock hazards of electrical equipment. (8M)

b) Explain the working principle of CT Scan with block diagram. (7M)
(OR)
c) What is the use of telemetry for ECG measurements? Explain. (8M)
d) What are the different types of recorders? Explain. (7M)

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) What is the use of bio amplifier?

b) Write the Nernst equation.
c) What are the different bio-chemical electrodes?
d) Draw reference electrode basic configuration.
e) What is the use of de- fibrillator?
f) What is macro shock?
g) Write notes on CAT

h) h)Applications of the CT Scan.

 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
OEC-EC605A: PYTHON PROGRAMMING
Time: 3hrs. Max.
Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) Explain about Python Interpreter working and Syntax & Semantics [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain about Sequences and Dictionaries [15M]

2. a) Explain about Iterations and Comprehensions. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain about Exception Handling with example Program [15M]

3. a) Explain about Handling Multiple Clients in Socket programming [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain about Client side scripting and Server Side Scripting [15M]

4. a) Explain about Event handling with examples [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain about SQL Database interfaces with sqlite3. [15M]

SECTION- B
5. Answer any FIVE Questions 5x3 =15M

a)Control flow statements.

b) Lambda expressions.
c) Any 3 string functions.
d) Regular expressions.
e) CGI script.
f) Parameter passing.
g) tkinter.
h) urllib.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
OEC-EC605B: OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING THROUGH JAVA.
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M

1. a) Why we need object oriented programming languages instead of structured programming languages?
Explain. (7M)
b) How can we say that java is a complete object oriented programming language? Justify your answer.
(8M)
(OR)
b) Explain the role of command line arguments in java programming (7M)
c) Write a java program to find the individual digits of a given number. (8M)

2. a) With the help of syntax, flow chart and example program explain different conditional statements
supported by java. (15M)
(OR)
b) Write and explain bitwise, logical and special operator supported by java. (15M)

3. a) What is an array? Why we need them? list the different types of arrays supported by java? write a
java program to multiply two matrices. (15M)
(OR)
b) Define a package? write a java program to illustrate the working of packages. (8M)
c) How can we assign the priorities to a thread? explain. (7M)

4. a) With the help of a neat sketch, explain the exception handling mechanism. (7M)
b) Distinguish between applet and application programming. (8M)
(OR)
c) With the help of a neat sketch explain the life cycle of an applet. (7M)
d) Write a java program to read information from the keyboard, store it in a file and display the same.
(8M)
SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE questions 5x3=15M

a).Give brief information about the history of java.

b) Write a java program to find the factorial value of any given number.
c) Write about the precedence of arithmetic operators .
d) Write a java program to illustrate increment and decrement operators.
e) Decribe about the thread synchronization.
f) Describe about the naming conventions used for packages.
g) Write short notes on types of errors.
h) Write an applet program to generate cycles and ellipses.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
III B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VI Semester
OEC-EC605C: MACHINE LEARNING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 X 15 = 60 M

1. a) Explain about Supervised, Unsupervised Learning and Batch and Online Learning (15M)
(OR)
b) Overfitting the Training Data and Underfitting the Training Data. (15M)
2. a) Explain about Measuring Accuracy Using Cross-Validation. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain the Random Patches and Random Subspaces. (15M)
3. a) Explain about Expressing Linear Perceptrons as Neurons. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain about Training Feed-Forward Neural Networks. (15M)
4. a) Explain about Logging and Training the Logistic Regression Model. (15M)
(OR)
b) Explain about Building a Multilayer Model for MNIST in TensorFlow. (15M)

SECTION- B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Types of Machine Learning Systems.

b) Training Data.
c) Confusion Matrix.
d) Voting classifier.
e) Linear neuron.
f) Gradient Descent.
g) Tensor Flow.
h) Placeholder Tensor.
 ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY:: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
UNIVRSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering

(From the admitted batch of 2020-21 under CBCS Scheme

IV B. Tech I Semester ECE w.e.f 2020-21AB (VII Semester)

Hours/weeks Max Marks
Title of the Course Total
CourseCode L T P Internal External Credits
Marks
Professional Elective Course-III
A. Radar Engineering.
PEC- EC701 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Satellite Engineering.
C. Analog IC Design.
Professional Elective Course -IV
A. Electronic Measurementsand
Instrumentations
PEC- EC702 B. Fibre optics and wireless 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
optical Communications.
C. Information Theory and
Coding
Professional Elective Course -V
A. Mobile Cellular
PEC- EC703
Communications. 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
B. Wireless Communication.
C. ASIC Design .
Open Elective Course - III
A. Digital Image Processing.
2 0 2 25 75 100 3
OEC- EC704 B. Software Defined Radio.
C. Television Engineering.
Open Elective Course - IV
A. Embedded System.
OEC- EC705 B. Global PositioningSystems.
2 0 2 25 75 100 3
C. Smart Antenna Systems.
HSMC-
Management Science 3 0 0 25 75 100 3
EC706
SDC- EC707 Skill Development Course 1 0 2 50 50 100 2
Industrial Internship/Mini project 2 Months
(Mandatory) after Second year (to be evaluated 0 0 0 100 -- 100 3
during V Semester
TOTAL CREDITS 17 0 06 300 500 800 23
Note: 2 lab Hrs./Week and 1 Theory Hrs./Week for SKILL DEVELOPMENT COURSE or 2 Theory Hrs./
Week.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC701A: RADAR ENGINEERING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) Draw and explain simple radar block diagram. [8M]

b) Explain how radar cross section controls the radar performance. [7M]
(OR)
c) Derive modified radar range equation. [8M]
d) Explain the effect of Signal to Noise ratio in radar with suitable expressions. [7M]

2. a) Describe the operation of CW Radar with neat diagram. [8M]

b) Explain the range and Doppler measurement of FM-CW radar. [7M]
(OR)
c) Discuss, what are the limits effects the MTI performance. [8M]
d) Discuss how error signal is generated from sequential lobing [7M]

3. a) Describe the operation of amplitude comparison mono pulse radar for single angular coordinate. [8M]
b) Explain radar antenna parameters. [7M]
(OR)
c) Draw and explain the block diagram of two-coordinate amplitude–comparison mono pulse tracking
radar. [8M]
d) Design and explain cosecant-squared antenna pattern. [7M]

4. a) Write a short note on architecture for phased arrays. [8M]

b) Discus the relationship between matched filter characteristics and correlation function. [7M]
(OR)
c) Write a short note on (a) Circulator as Duplexers (b) Beam steering and Beam width changes [8M]
d) Describe the operation of digitally phase shifters. [7M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) List the applications of radar.

b) Mention salient features of FMCW radar.
c) What is blind speed? How it can be avoided
d) Distinguish amplitude and phase comparison mono-pulse radar.
e) Mention the types of tracking.
f) What is need of delay line canceller?
g) Define noise figure.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC701B: SATELLITE ENGINEERING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) Explain the architecture of a satellite communication system. [8M]

b) Explain the various applications of satellite communications. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain the history of Indian satellite communications. [8M]
d) Describe the various frequencies used for satellite communications. [7M]

2. a) Derive the expression for the time period of satellite’s orbit [7M]
b) Define the azimuth angle and derive the expression for it [8M]
(OR)
c) Explain the altitude and orbit control system (AOCS) with necessary diagrams. [8M]
d) What are the various approaches used to improve the reliability of the satellite? Explain any one. [7M]

3. a) What is satellite link equation? Derive the expression for it. [8M]
b) Derive the expression for C/N ratio in a satellite link [7M]
(OR)
c) What are the different types of antenna mounts used at earth station? Explain [8M]
d) Explain the delay considerations of LEO, MEO and GEO satellites [7M]

4. a) Explain the frame structure of TDMA with a neat sketch . [7M]

b) Explain the generation of GPS signals with a neat sketch [8M]
(OR)
c) Explain the principle FDMA with a neat diagram [7M]
d) Explain the functions of control segment in GPS [8M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5x 3 =15M

a) Write the Keppler’s laws of planetary motion

b) Define apogee of a satellite
c) What are the various orbital elements
d) List out the main types of antennas used on satellite
e) Define Intermodulation
f) List out the disadvantages of LEO satellites
g) What are the limitations of GPS.
h) Explain the principle FDMA.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC701C: ANALOG IC DESIGN
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1. Why is Emitter resistor RE replaced by a constant bias circuit in differential amplifier stage of an OP-amp.
[15M]
(OR)
b) Briefly explain the need for compensating networks in Op-amps? [15M]

2. a) What is a Compensator? List the important characteristics of the comparator [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain about CMOS sample and hold circuit with neat Waveforms [15M]

3. a) What is the difference between A/D and D/A converters and give one example on each and Explain.
[15M]
(OR)
b) Draw and analyze cascode current mirror. [15M]

4. a) Discuss about non ideal effects in PLL. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain the operation of cross coupled oscillator. [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 X 3 = 15M

a) Define sheet resistance.

b) Define sensititvity of a voltage reference.
c) Classify output amplifiers.
d) Define slewrate and derive an expression for it.
e) What is autozeroing technique?
f) Explain how skew reduction is done using PLL.
g) Derive the sub threshold MOS model
h) Define Offset and gain error
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC702A: ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATIONS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X15 = 60M

1. a) What is the significance of the number of significant figures in a stated quantity? Give some Examples
(7M)
b) How the working of a potentiometer type digital voltmeter be explained (8M)
(OR)
c) Define the sensitivity of a multimeter. Explain the operation of a multimeter usinga simple block (8M)
d) What is the principle and operation of Thermocouple RF type Ammeter. (7M)

2. a) Discuss the Square wave and Pulse generator with neat block Diagrams. (8M)
b) Explain the significance and working of frequency selective wave analyzer (7M)
(OR)
c) Draw the circuit diagram and explain the operation of Digital spectrum analyzer (7M)
d) Explain the dynamic response of a second order instrument . (8M)

3. a) Write short notes on portable oscilloscopes . (8M)

b) With a neat diagram, describe the working of a triggered sweep CRO (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain the operation of vertical amplifier used in a CRO (8M)
d) Explain the operation of trigger pulse circuit. (7M)

4. a) Describe the method of measuring high impedance using Q-meter (8M)

b) Explain the working of capacitive transducers (7M)
(OR)
c) Explain the working of capacitive transducers. (8M)
d) Describe the construction and working of LVDT. (7M)

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Define the terms Accuracy and resolution

b) Define sensitivity and precision of an instrument
c) Explain how the range of DC voltmeter is extended
d) Describe the standard specifications of a CRO
e) What are the applications of spectrum analyzer
f) What are the main elements of velocity transducer
g) Define Gauge factor for transducer and explain its significance.
h) Principal of LVDT.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC702B: FIBRE OPTICS AND WIRELESS OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 X15 = 60M

1. a) Explain the basic principal of Optical Fiber. Compare Optical Fiber with Coaxial cable as a
communication channel. [7M]
b) For a multimode step index optical fiber of glass core of refractive index 1.5 and quartz cladding of
refractive index 1.46 , determine:(i) critical angle (ii) Acceptance angle (iii) Numerical aperture [8M]
(OR)
c) Explain electromagnetic mode theory in optical fiber in detail. [8M]
d) Explain the importance of cladding in optical fiber communication. Justify the statement: “Light
travels faster in cladding than core”. [7M]

2. a) Explain core and cladding losses. Explain losses due to bending [7M]
b) Derive the equation for intermodal dispersion [8M]
(OR)
c) Differentiate between graded index and step index also define birefringence and V number [8M]
d) Explain the different types of methods to minimize signal distortion in optical fibers [7M]

3. a) Write a short note on different types of fiber connectors [8M]

b) What are the different types of alignments in optical fibers [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain Butt joint connectors with neat circuit diagrams. [8M]
d) Explain the connector return losses in optical fibers. [7M]

4. a) Draw the light output versus current curve and explain the operation of LASER. [8M]
b) Explain the semiconductor injection laser diode resonating mode. [7M]
(OR)
c) Differentiate between power coupled to step index fiber and graded index fiber [8M]
d) Explain the fundamental receiver operation in optical fiber communication [7M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Explain the terms : (i) Cut off wave length (ii) Mode field diameter
b) What are the requirements of optical fiber? Explain glass and plastic materials in detail.
c) What are the mechanical properties of optical fibers? Explain
d) Explain the following terms : (i) Meridional rays (ii) Skew rays
e) Explain scattering losses in optical fibers
f) Write short notes on multiplexing in fiber optic receivers
g) What are the different types of light source materials
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC702C: INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions: 4 x 15 = 60M

1. A) Explain Concept of Amount Of Information And Its Properties. (15M)

(OR)
B) Explain About Entropy And Properties. (15M)

2. A) Explain About Shanon Fano Coding With Examples. (15M)

(OR)
B) Capacity Calculation For Band Limited Gaussian Channels. (15M)

3. A) Explain About Error Detection And Error Correction Capabilities Of Linear BlockCodes. (15M)
(OR)
B) Matrix Description Of Linear Block Codes. (15M)

4. A) Explain Encoding Of Convolution Codes With Suitable Derivations. (15M)

(OR)
B) Explain The Concept Of Viterbi Algorithm. (15M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Discrete Messages.
b) Mutual Information.
c) Shannon Theorem.
d) Channel Capacity.
e) Hamming Codes.
f) Binary Cyclic Codes.
g) Trees.
h) Trelli
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC703A: MOBILE CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) Explain about basic cellular system with neat diagram [8M]

b) List and explain the factors that influence the performance of cellular system [7M]
(OR)
c) What are the parameters that define the uniqueness of mobile radio environment? Explain any two.
[8M]
d) What are the limitations of Conventional mobile telephone system [7M]

2. a)Distinguish between Signal and Co-channel interference received by the mobile unit and cell cite [8M]
b) With neat sketch, explain the concept of frequency reuse [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain the real time co-channel interference measure in detail [8M]
d) Distinguish between the permanent splitting and dynamic splitting [7M]

3. a) What is the function of frequency management [8M]

b) Explain how a handoff is initiated [7M]
(OR)
c) Write the channel sharing scheme with a neat sketch [8M]
d) Differentiate between fixed and non-fixed channel assignment in detail [7M]

4. a) Explain services and features of TDMA [8M]

b) Explain the architecture of GSM [7M]
(OR)
c) Write a short note on TDMA structure frame length & frame offset [8M]
d) What are the services offered by GSM channels [7M]

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) Explain the Trunking Efficiency

b) Briefly explain about cell shape and handoff
c) Discuss about normal umbrella pattern antenna
d) Write a note on paging channels
e) What is the advantage of delayed handoffs
f) What is the significance of multiple access schemes? Explain
g) Explain briefly about long distance propagation
h) Write a short note on CDMA.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC703B: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions: 4 x 15 = 60M

1. Define Wireless Sensor Networks? Explain in brief about the Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks?
[15M]
(OR)
b) Define Wireless Sensor Networks? Explain in brief about the Enabling Technologies for Wireless
Sensor Networks? [15M]

2. a) Explain in brief about WSN to Internet communication [8M]

b) Explain in brief about WSN Tunneling? [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain in brief about Requirements for WSN Service Interfaces? [8M]
d) Define Gateway? Explain in brief about the need for Gateways? [7M]

3. a) Explain in brief about the Topology of Mobile Ad hoc Networks? [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain in brief about the Topology of Wide Area Networks? [15M]

4. a) Explain in brief about Topology Control in WSN? [8M]

b) Explain in brief about Key Management in WSN? [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain in brief about Wireless Sensor network tools? [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Write any two constraints and challenges of wireless sensor networks?

b) What are different driving applications?
c) Write any three differences between PAN and MAN technologies.
d) Define energy aware protocols in WSN
e) Draw sensor network architecture
f) Define Clustering
g) What are the various types of hybrid routing protocols.
h) Define Sensor Tasking
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
PEC-EC703C: ASIC DESIGN
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions: 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) Explain the ASIC design flow with neat flowchart (15M)

(OR)
b) Discuss the economics of ASIC (15M)

2. a) What are the ASIC cell library and Explain (15M)

(OR)
b) Explain ASIC physical design issues (15M)

3. a) Draw and explain in detail about Placement and Routing (15M)

(OR)
b) Draw and Explain SoC Design Flow (15M)

4. a) Explain the On-Chip Communication Architecture Standards (15M)

(OR)
b) Explain the High performance digital filters for sigma-delta ADC (15M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) What are the Types of ASICs,

b) Compare FPGA and CPLD
c) Define Power Dissipation
d) Explain briefly asynchronous and low power system design
e) Write the Basic Concepts of Bus-Based Communication Architectures
f) Write about IP based SoC
g) Define any two SoCs as case studies
h) Write short notes on Low Power SoC Design
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
OEC-EC704A: DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 = 60M

1. a) What are the components of Image processing system. Explain briefly. (7M)
b) What re the fundamental steps in DIP. (8M)
(OR)
c) Derive SVD and KL Transform. (8M)
d) Explain Hadamard transform and Haar transform. (7M)

2. a) Explain the fundamentals of spatial filtering. (8M)

b) What are the combining spatial enhancement methods (7M)
(OR)
c) What are the sampling and the Fourier transform of sample functions. (7M)
d) Explain image smoothing using frequency domain filters. (8M)

3. a) Explain periodic noise reduction by frequency domain filtering. (15M)

(OR)
c) Explain LZW coding. (15M)

4. a) What are some basic morphological algorithms. (15M)

(OR)
b) What are the colour fundamentals colour models pseudo colour image processing. (15M)

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) Explain discrete cosine transform.

b) What are some basic relationships between pixels.
c) What are sharpening spatial filters
d) What are histogram processing.
e) Explain block transform coding.
f) Explain geometric mean filter.
g) Explain colour image compression.
h) What is smoothing and sharpening.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
OEC-EC704B: SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 =60M

1. a) With the help of a practical software radio model, explain the characteristics and benefits of a software
radio. [8M]
b) Outline the modules of SCA software framework. [7M]
(OR)
c) How would you explain the purpose of RF-Front end in the design of a software radio system? [7M]
d) Explain the following(i) The Heterodyne receiver(ii) Dual conversion super Heterodyne receiver.[8M]

2. a) Create a Software Radio spectrum Analyser using GNU radio. [8M]

b) Describe the software that can be used in implementing the Software radio environment. [7M]
(OR)
c) Perform a case study on TMS320C54x series DSPs. [15M]

3. a) Elaborate on the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) [15M]

(OR)
b) Considering Transfer characteristics of ADC/ DAC. What approach would you use in order to avoidthe
interference of other signals that impinge upon a radio’s antenna. [15M]

4. a) Discuss the impacts of the Dynamic range and its limitation in the design of software radios. Present
diagrams if required. [15M]
(OR)
c) Summarize the noise and distortion that act as limiting factors in the RF circuit performance. [8M]
d) What approach would you use in order to avoidthe interference of other signals that impinge upon a
radio’s antenna? [7M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) List down the four Software Radio Acquisition Parameters

b) Outline the characteristics and benefits of SDR
c) Interpret the necessity of the phases in SPEAK Easy program
d) What is the purpose of transmitter RF section?
e) Draw the block diagram of a digital AGC system
f) Draw the block diagram of a simple base station receiver
g) State sampling rate conversion.
h) Sketch the Interpolated Nyquist Pulse.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
OEC-EC704C: TELEVISION ENGINEERING
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions. 4 x 15 =60M

1. a) What is colour temperature? How colour temperature is useful in video processing? [8M]
b) Explain in detail about how interlaced scanning takes place. [7M]
(OR)
c) Explain in detail about colour signal generation and encoding. [15M]

2. a) Discuss in detail about PAL –D Color system. [8M]

b) How the phase error is cancelled in the PAL system? [7M]
(OR)
c) With a neat diagram, explain the construction and working of Trinitron picture tube. [15M]

3. a) With a neat diagram, explain the various sections in UHF tuner. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain in detail about automatic gain control. [15M]

4. a) Draw the block diagram of analogue receiver and briefly explain the blocks. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the concept of sampling rate / video sampling in digital/high definition television systems.
[15M]
SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 = 15M

a) Define aspect ratio.

b) Define luminance.
c) What are the merits of SECAM system?
d) Write short notes on plasma display.
e) Why do we prefer horizontal polarization for television receiving antenna?
f) Name the essential parts of TV transmitter.
g) Write short notes on TFT LCD.
h) List out the uses of IF sections.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
OEC-EC705A: EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions: 5 x15 =60M

1. a) What are the different types of memories used in Embedded System design? Explain the role of each.
[15M]
(OR)
b) Discuss the concept of load store architecture and instruction pipelining. [15M]
2. a)What is non-operational quality attributes? Explain the important non-operationalquality attributes to be
considered in any embedded system design. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the role of decoders in embedded hardware development. Draw thecircuit diagram for
interfacing a 3-bit binary decoder with 8051. [15M]
3. a) Explain the high level language based embedded firmware development. [15M]
(OR)
b) What are pseudo-ops? What is the use of it in assembly language programming? [15M]
4. a) State the uses of assembler and dissembler in embedded application development. [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the advantages and limitations of simulator based debugging. [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following: 5 x 3 =15M

a) List out the major application areas of embedded systems.

b) Define the role of logic gates in embedded hardware design?
c) What is the difference between big -endian and little-endian processors?
d) What is the difference between multiplexer and de-multiplexer?
e) Define task scheduling in the operating system context.
f) What is absolute object file?
g) What is a decompiler?
h) Write short notes on need of editor.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
OEC-EC705B: GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75
SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions: 4 x 15 =60M

1. a) What is Trilateration? How is user position computed in 2 D and 3D? [8M]

b) Explain how the satellite positions and distance to each satellite are determined . [7M]
(OR)
c) Which PRN code characteristics are important for the GPS systems and why? Explain with neat
diagram how the P-code is generated? [15M]

2. a) What are the other Global Navigation Satellite systems and how does they different from the GPS
system in terms of constellations and services provide by them? [15M]
(OR)
b) Describe the various GPS system segments. [7M]
c)Write the basic equations for finding the user position. [8M]

3. a) What is Geodetic coordinate system and how does it different from the Geocentric coordinate system?
[15M]
(OR)
b) Write the equation for conversions of Cartesian or ECEF coordinate to geodetic coordinate frame.
[15M]
4. a) Explain Galileo signal components [15M]
(OR)
b) Answer any three of the following: [15M]
i) WGS Coordinate System
ii) C/A code and P code of GPS system
iii) Navigation Message System

SECTION-B
5. Answer any FIVE of the following. 5 x 3 =15M

a) What are the sailent features of Block IIR-M GPS satellites

b) How did the NAVSTAR GPS originate?
c) Write the equation for GPS satellite transmitted signal.
d) What is GNSS? What are constituents of the GNSS system?
e) If the satellite signal travel time observed by the receiver from a particular is 70 msec.
f) What are the future constelltion of GPS system?
g) Differentiate between Geocentric and Geodetic coordinate system.
h) What are the advantages of Galileo signal structure over GPS?
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
OEC-EC705C: SMART ANTENNA SYSTEMS
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A

Answer ALL Questions: 4 x 15 =60M

1. a) Explain about Smart Antenna Configurations [15M]

(OR)
b) Draw and explain the Architecture of Smart Antenna System [15M]

2. a) What are the Conventional DOA estimation methods explain each of them [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain the ESPRIT Algorithm [15M]

3. a) Explain the RLS (Recursive Least-Squares) Algorithm [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain the CCI and ISI suppression [15M]

4. a) Differentiate single user data rate limits and multiple user data rate limits [15M]
(OR)
b) Explain Maximum Ratio Combing in detail [15M]

SECTION-B

5. Answer any FIVE of the following. 5 x 3 =15M

a) Define Switched-Beam
b) Define Space Division Multiple Accesses
c) Define DOA
d) Define Space – Time Beamforming
e) Define SINR
f) Define LMS Algorithm
g) Define Maximum Ration Combining
h) Define the Combining Techniques
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ADIKAVI NANNAYA UNIVERSITY: RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
IV B. Tech ,ECE(2020-21AB) - VII Semester
HSMC-EC706: MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Time: 3hrs. Max. Marks: 75

SECTION-A
Answer ALL Questions . 4 X 15 = 60M

1. a) What is management? Explain the Taylor’s scientific management. [15M]

(OR)
b) Explain the Maslow’s theory of human needs. [15M]

2. a) What is meaning of HRM? Explain the functions of HR. [15M]

(OR)
b) Compare Vision, Mission, Strategies & Goals in its importance; also write model statements suitable
for a Manufacturer of Electronics Components? [15M]

3. a) What is JIT Approach, how can you use JIT concepts in manufacture of electronic goods? [15M]
(OR)
b) Compare features, merits & demerits of Product & Process Type of Layouts? [15M]

4. a) Compare and contrast between CPM and PERT. [15M]

(OR)
b) What are the marketing strategies in each stage of PLC? [15M]

SECTION- B

5. Answer any Five Questions. 5 x 3 =15M

a) Explain about Planning.

b) What are the leadership styles?
c) Discuss merit rating.
d) Explain about welfare administration
e) What is balanced score card?
f) Explain about BPR
g) Write about PERT
h) What is marketing Mix?