Midterm1 Sample

M408D MIDTERM 1 SAMPLE PROBLEMS
` THAI HOANG LE
Problem 1. Find limx0
3x 2x . 2x 1
Solution: This is an indeterminate form of type 0/0, so we can use lHospitals rule and get (3x 2x ) ln 3 ln 2 3x 2x 3x ln 3 2x ln 2 = lim x = = lim x0 (2 1) x0 2x 1 x0 2x ln 2 ln 2 lim
Problem 2. Find limx
3x 2x . 2x 1
Solution: Dividing both the numerator and the denominator by 2x , we have (3/2)x 1 3x 2x = lim = x 1 (1/2)x x 2x 1 lim since limx (3/2)x = and limx (1/2)x = 0.
Problem 3. Determine whether the sequence an = Solution: We have

n
3 n +1 2n6 +1
is divergent or convergent.
lim an
n3 + 1 = lim = lim n 2n6 + 1 n = lim 1+

1 n3 1 n6
n3 +1 n3 2n6 +1 n6
2+
1 = 2
1 . 2
so the sequence is convergent and its limit is equal to
Problem 4. Is the following integral convergent or divergent?

1 0
1 dx 2x 1
1
` THAI HOANG LE
Solution: The given integral is an improper integral, since the function has a discontinuity at x = 1/2. By denition,
1 0
1 dx = 2x 1
1/2 0
1 dx + 2x 1
t
1 1/2
1 dx 2x 1
We will evaluate the last two integrals separately. By denition

1/2 0
1 dx = 2x 1 = =
1 t 2
lim+
1 dx 2x 1
t 1 2 t 1 2
lim+ [2 ln |2x 1|]t 0 lim+ (2 ln |2t 1| 2 ln 1) =
Therefore, the given integral is divergent (we dont need to compute the second integral).
Problem 5. Is the following series convergent or divergent? If it is convergent, nd its sum.
n=1
2n en+1
2 , e2
Solution: The given series is a geometric series with rst term so it is convergent. Its sum is equal to 2 e 2 2 1 = 2 = 21 2 e e e2 e(e 2) e
and common ratio 2/e < 1,
Problem 6. Is the following series convergent or divergent? If it is convergent, nd its sum.
(tan1 (n + 1) tan1 n)
n=1
Solution: The given sum is a telescoping series. Let sn be the n-th partial sum of the series, then we have
n
sn =
k=1
(tan1 (k + 1) tan1 k)
= (tan1 2 tan1 1) + (tan1 3 tan1 2) + + (tan1 (n + 1) tan1 n) = tan1 (n + 1) tan1 1 Therefore,

n
lim sn = lim (tan1 (n + 1) tan1 1) =

n
= 2 4 4
so the series is convergent and its sum is /4.
M408D MIDTERM 1 SAMPLE PROBLEMS
Problem 7. Consider the series
n=1
(1)n+1 n2n
How many terms are needed to approximate this sum with an error less than 0.01? Solution: The given series is an alternating series of the form (1)n+1 bn , where bn = n=1 1 1 is decreasing. Therefore, if Rn is the n-th remainder, we have |R(n)| bn+1 = (n+1)2n+1 . n2n 1 1 We need to nd n such that (n+1)2n+1 < 0.01 = 100 .
1 1 Since 5.25 < 100 , n = 4 certainly satises this. Therefore, it suces to compute the rst 4 terms of the series.
Problem 8. Find the radius of convergence and interval of convergence of the following series (x + 2)n n4n n=1 Solution: In order to nd the radius of convergence, we use the ratio test. Let an = Then an+1 (x + 2)n+1 n4n (x + 2)n = = an (n + 1)4n+1 (x + 2)n 4(n + 1) and |x + 2| (x + 2)n an+1 = lim = lim n 4(n + 1) n an 4
(x+2)n . n4n
Therefore, the series is convergent if |x + 2| < 4 and divergent if |x + 2| > 4, and the radius of convergence is 4. The two endpoints of the interval of convergence are 2 and 6 and we need to check convergence at these points separately. If x = 2, then the series becomes If x = 6, then the series becomes alternating series test.
4n n=1 n4n
1 n=1 n
and diverges.
n1 n=1 (1) n
(4)n n=1 n4n
and converges by the
Therefore, the interval of convergence is [6, 2).
Problem 9. Find the Maclaurin series of f (x) = x ln(1 + x2 ). What is the radius of convergence of the series? Solution: We may invoke the denition of Maclaurin series, but theres a quicker way to do it. 1 First we nd the Maclaurin series of ln(1 + x). We start by noticing that ln(1 + x) = 1+x dx
` THAI HOANG LE
Recall the basic identity 1 = 1 + x + x2 = 1x we have 1 1 = = 1 x + x2 x3 = 1+x 1 (x) if | x| < 1, or equivalently, |x| < 1. Therefore, ln(1+x) = x2 x3 x3 1 1 x + x x dx = C +x + + = C + (1)n xn+1 2 3 4 n+1 n=0
2 3
xn
n=0
if |x| < 1
(x) =
n=0 n=0
(1)n xn
if |x| < 1, for some constant C. In order to nd C, let us put x = 0 in the above equation and get C = ln 1 = 0. Now we replace x with x2 and get x4 x6 x8 ln(1 + x2 ) = x2 + + 2 3 4 if |x2 | < 1, or equivalently |x| < 1. Finally, x5 x7 x9 x ln(1 + x ) = x + + = 2 3 4
2 3
n=1
(1)n1 x2n+1 n
if |x| < 1.
Problem 10. Let f (x) be the function dened by
f (x) =
n=0
(n2 + 1)(x 1)n
Find f (1), f (1), f (1). Solution: Recall that if a function f has a power series representation at a as f (x) = f (n) (a) n . n=0 cn (x a) , then the coecients cn are given by the formula cn = n! Hence f (1) = c0 = 1 c1 f (1) = =2 1! c2 5 f (1) = = 2! 2
Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C1200 Austin, TX 78712 E-mail address: leth@math.utexas.edu

Midterm1 Sample

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Midterm1 Sample

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M408D MIDTERM 1 SAMPLE PROBLEMS

Problem 1. Find limx0

Problem 2. Find limx

Problem 3. Determine whether the sequence an = Solution: We have

n3 + 1 = lim = lim n 2n6 + 1 n = lim 1+

so the sequence is convergent and its limit is equal to

Problem 4. Is the following integral convergent or divergent?

We will evaluate the last two integrals separately. By denition

lim+ [2 ln |2x 1|]t 0 lim+ (2 ln |2t 1| 2 ln 1) =

Problem 5. Is the following series convergent or divergent? If it is convergent, nd its sum.

and common ratio 2/e < 1,

Problem 6. Is the following series convergent or divergent? If it is convergent, nd its sum.

= (tan1 2 tan1 1) + (tan1 3 tan1 2) + + (tan1 (n + 1) tan1 n) = tan1 (n + 1) tan1 1 Therefore,

lim sn = lim (tan1 (n + 1) tan1 1) =

so the series is convergent and its sum is /4.

M408D MIDTERM 1 SAMPLE PROBLEMS

Problem 7. Consider the series

(4)n n=1 n4n

and converges by the

Therefore, the interval of convergence is [6, 2).

Problem 10. Let f (x) be the function dened by

(n2 + 1)(x 1)n

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