Chapter 3 Colonial America Section 1

Chapter 3, Section 1
Early English Settlements
In this section, we will learn:
Why Englands first two attempts to start a colony failed. 2. What crop saved Jamestown colony. 3. How the colonists received political rights.
1.
Charter Joint-stock company
Burgesses
England and Spain had been heading toward war for
years.
Trading rivalry and religious differences divided the
two countries.
Philip II of Spain had issues with Queen Elizabeth and
didnt see her as the rightful ruler of England.
Philip sent the Spanish Armada (Whats an armada?)
to conquer England but failed. Miserably.

The English victory had far-reaching consequences.
War between England and Spain continued until 1604 but the defeat of the armada marked the end of Spanish control of the seas.
The way was now clear for England and other
European nations to start colonies in North America.
Claimed Newfoundland for Queen Elizabeth. He then
sailed south along the coast looking for a place to establish a colony.
Before finding a suitable site, he died at sea.
Set sail the following year. He looked for a good place to settle and found
Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina.

The land was good for farming and the local people
were most gentle, loving, and faithful.
In 1585, Raleigh sent about 100 men to settle on
Roanoke Island.
After a difficult winter on the island, the unhappy (and
cold) colonists returned to England.

Two years later, Raleigh tried again. John White, a
mapmaker and artist, led the group. (91 men, 17 women, and 9 children)
They began to build a permanent colony.
White sailed to England for more supplies and to
recruit more settlers. Although he had hoped to be back within a few months, the war with Spain delayed his return for three years.
When he finally returned, the island was deserted.
One clue to the fate of the settlers was found. The
word Croatoan was carved on a gatepost.

The colonists were never seen again.
What do you think happened to the Roanoke settlers?
When did they leave? Why? Write a tale telling your story explaining the mystery.
Roanoke was Sir Walter Raleighs last attempt to
establish a colony.
For a time, his failure discouraged others from
planning English colonies in North America.

Many sought chartersright to organize settlements
in an area, from King James I.
One group of merchants, the Virginia Company of
London, received a charter to make habitation into that part of America, commonly called Virginia. The Virginia Company was a joint-stock company. Investors bought stock, or part ownership, in the company in return for a share of its future profits. In April 1607, the ships entered Chesapeake Bay and then sailed up a river flowing into the bay. The colonists named the river the James and their new settlement Jamestown. Why would they do this?
Governing Jamestown was perhaps the biggest
obstacle the colonists faced.

The colony survived its second year under the
leadership of Captain John Smith.

He was 27, a soldier and an explorer who arrived in
1608.
Smith forced settlers to work and managed to get corn
from the Powhatan people.
The Virginia Company replaced Smith with a governor,
Lord De La Warr (Hmmhis name sounds awfully familiar, does it not?), and a period of strict rule began. The colonists barely survived the winter of 1609-1610.
Trouble also broke out with the Native Americans. 300
desperately hungry colonists had to barricade themselves inside their walls.

When new settlers arrived in May, they found only 60
survivors .
Virginian colonists found no gold or silver but the did
discover another way to make money for the investors growing tobacco. Tobacco had become popular in Europe though some people found smoking unhealthy and disgusting. King James I, for example, called it a vile and stinking custom.
One colonist,
John Rolfe, learned to grow a type of
tobacco that was less bitter. Relations with the Powhatan also improved after Rolfe married Pocahontas, the daughter of Chief Powhatan.
(Disneys Pocahontas (left) and The New World (right))
At his entrance before the king, all the people gave a great shout.
The queen of Appamatuck was appointed to bring him water to wash his hands, and another brought him a bunch of feathers, instead of a towel to dry them: having feasted him after their best barbarous manner they could, a long consultation was held, but the conclusion was, two great stones were brought before Powhatan: then as many as could laid hands on him, dragged him to them, and thereon laid his head, and being ready with their clubs, to beat out his brains, Pocahontas the king's dearest daughter, when no entreaty could prevail, got his head in her arms, and laid her own upon his to save him from death: whereat the Emperor was contented he should live to make him hatchets, and her bells, beads, and copper; for they thought him as well of all occupations as themselves. For the king himself will make his own robes, shoes, bowes, arrows, pots; plant, hunt, or do anything so well as the rest.
Captain John Smith
Question: What kind of source is this?
In the early years of the Jamestown colony, nearly all of
the settlers were men. The governors imposed rigid discipline and organized the settlers into work gangs. This military rule eventually ended. A man named Sir George Yeardley allowed the men of the colony to elect representatives called burgesses to an assembly. The assembly had the right to make local laws for the colony. House of Burgesses
A Dutch ship brought another group of newcomers to
Jamestown in 161920 Africans who were sold to Virginia planters to labor in the tobacco fields.
These first Africans may have come as servants rather
than slaves.
In 1620, the Virginia Company faced financial troubles.
In 1624, King James cancelled the company's charter and took control of the colony, making it Englands first royal colony in America.

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Chapter 3, Section 1

Early English Settlements

In this section, we will learn:

Charter Joint-stock company

England and Spain had been heading toward war for

didnt see her as the rightful ruler of England.

Philip sent the Spanish Armada (Whats an armada?)

to conquer England but failed. Miserably.

European nations to start colonies in North America.

Claimed Newfoundland for Queen Elizabeth. He then

Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina.

were most gentle, loving, and faithful.

In 1585, Raleigh sent about 100 men to settle on

cold) colonists returned to England.

White sailed to England for more supplies and to

word Croatoan was carved on a gatepost.

What do you think happened to the Roanoke settlers?

Roanoke was Sir Walter Raleighs last attempt to

planning English colonies in North America.

in an area, from King James I.

One group of merchants, the Virginia Company of

Governing Jamestown was perhaps the biggest

obstacle the colonists faced.

leadership of Captain John Smith.

from the Powhatan people.

The Virginia Company replaced Smith with a governor,

desperately hungry colonists had to barricade themselves inside their walls.

Virginian colonists found no gold or silver but the did

John Rolfe, learned to grow a type of

(Disneys Pocahontas (left) and The New World (right))

Captain John Smith

Question: What kind of source is this?

In the early years of the Jamestown colony, nearly all of

A Dutch ship brought another group of newcomers to

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