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This document discusses three-phase power systems. It introduces three-phase voltages as three sinusoidal voltages 120 degrees out of phase. It defines the components of a three-phase system including the three phases A, B, C and neutral wire. The document explains phasor representations of the three-phase voltages and currents. It describes how a three-phase generator produces the three-phase voltages. It also discusses wye and delta connections for generators and loads and how this affects line and phase voltages and currents.

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biotech_vidhya
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44 views25 pages

3421

This document discusses three-phase power systems. It introduces three-phase voltages as three sinusoidal voltages 120 degrees out of phase. It defines the components of a three-phase system including the three phases A, B, C and neutral wire. The document explains phasor representations of the three-phase voltages and currents. It describes how a three-phase generator produces the three-phase voltages. It also discusses wye and delta connections for generators and loads and how this affects line and phase voltages and currents.

Uploaded by

biotech_vidhya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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ECE 441 1

Introduction to Three-Phase Power


ECE 441 2
Typical Transformer Yard
ECE 441 3
Basic Three-Phase Circuit
ECE 441 4
What is Three-Phase Power?
Three sinusoidal voltages of equal
amplitude and frequency out of phase with
each other by 120. Known as balanced.
Phases are labeled A, B, and C.
Phases are sequenced as A, B, C
(positive) or A, C, B (negative).
ECE 441 5
Three-Phase Power
ECE 441 6
Definitions
4 wires
3 active phases, A, B, C
1 ground, or neutral
Color Code
Phase A Red
Phase B Black
Phase C Blue
Neutral White or Gray
ECE 441 7
Phasor (Vector) Form for abc
V
a
=V
m
/0
V
b
=V
m
/-120
V
c
=V
m
/+120
ECE 441 8
Phasor (Vector) Form for abc
V
a
=V
m
/0
V
b
=V
m
/-120
V
c
=V
m
/+120
Note that KVL applies .... V
a
+V
b
+V
c
=0
ECE 441 9
Three-Phase Generator
2-pole (North-South)
rotor turned by a
prime mover
Sinusoidal voltages
are induced in each
stator winding

ECE 441 10
ECE 441 11
How are the sources connected?
(a) shows the sources
(phases) connected in
a wye (Y).
Notice the fourth
terminal, known as
Neutral.
(b) shows the sources
(phases) connected in
a delta ().
Three terminals
ECE 441 12
Look at a Y-Y System
ECE 441 13
Definitions
Z
g
represents the internal
generator impedance per
phase
Z
l
represents the
impedance of the line
connecting the generator
to the load
Z
A,B,C
represents the load
impedance per phase
Z
o
represents the
impedance of the neutral
conductor
ECE 441 14
Look at the Line and Load Voltages
ECE 441 15
CN
AB AN BN
BC BN CN
CA AN
V V V
V V V
V V V



Line Voltages
Phase Voltages
ECE 441 16
-V
BN

Vector addition to find V
AB
=V
AN
-V
BN

ECE 441 17
-V
BN

Using the Tip-to-Tail Method
V
AB
= V
AN
V
BN
= 3V

= Line-to-Neutral,
or Phase Voltage
ECE 441 18
Conclusions for the Y connection
The amplitude of the line-to-line voltage is
equal to 3 times the amplitude of the
phase voltage.
The line-to-line voltages form a balanced
set of 3-phase voltages.
The set of line-to-line voltages leads the
set of line-to-neutral (phase) voltages by
30.
ECE 441 19
Summary
ECE 441 20
Look at the Delta-Connected Load
ECE 441 21
0
120
120
BC
AB
CA
I I
I I
I I




ECE 441 22
bB
aA AB CA
BC AB
cC CA BC
I I I
I I I
I I I



Line Currents
Phase Currents
ECE 441 23
-I
CA

Vector Addition to find I
aA
=I
AB
-I
CA

ECE 441 24
-I
CA

Using the Tip-to-Tail Method
I
aA
= 3I

/-30


ECE 441 25
Conclusions for the Delta Connection
The amplitude of the line current is equal
to 3 times the phase current.
The set of line currents lags the phase
currents by 30.

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