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    Muscle Physiology

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    hazelel
    This document discusses muscle physiology and the different types of muscle tissues. There are three main types of muscle tissues: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is the main focus. It makes up 40% of body weight and is organized into bundles of fibers containing contractile filaments called sarcomeres. The sarcomeres contain thin filaments of actin and thick filaments of myosin that power muscle contraction through a sliding filament mechanism when calcium ions cause the myosin heads to bind to active sites on actin. Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by motor neuron action potentials and uses ATP as an energy source.

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    Muscle Physiology

    Uploaded by

    hazelel
    195 views25 pages
    This document discusses muscle physiology and the different types of muscle tissues. There are three main types of muscle tissues: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is the main focus. It makes up 40% of body weight and is organized into bundles of fibers containing contractile filaments called sarcomeres. The sarcomeres contain thin filaments of actin and thick filaments of myosin that power muscle contraction through a sliding filament mechanism when calcium ions cause the myosin heads to bind to active sites on actin. Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by motor neuron action potentials and uses ATP as an energy source.

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    muscle physiology

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    This document discusses muscle physiology and the different types of muscle tissues. There are three main types of muscle tissues: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is the main focus. It makes up 40% of body weight and is organized into bundles of fibers containing contractile filaments called sarcomeres. The sarcomeres contain thin filaments of actin and thick filaments of myosin that power muscle contraction through a sliding filament mechanism when calcium ions cause the myosin heads to bind to active sites on actin. Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by motor neuron action potentials and uses ATP as an energy source.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    195 views25 pages

    Muscle Physiology

    Uploaded by

    hazelel
    This document discusses muscle physiology and the different types of muscle tissues. There are three main types of muscle tissues: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is the main focus. It makes up 40% of body weight and is organized into bundles of fibers containing contractile filaments called sarcomeres. The sarcomeres contain thin filaments of actin and thick filaments of myosin that power muscle contraction through a sliding filament mechanism when calcium ions cause the myosin heads to bind to active sites on actin. Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by motor neuron action potentials and uses ATP as an energy source.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY

    dr. ANDRIANY QANITHA


    Department of Physiology
    INTRODUCTION
    Muscle tissue is a exitable tissue which can rise an
    action potential to trigger a contraction
    There are 3 types of muscle tissue: skeletal
    muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle
    40 % of body weight consists of skeletal muscle,
    whereas 10 % consists of smooth and cardiac
    muscle
    SKELETAL MUSCLES
    ORGANIZATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
    STRUCTURE OF A SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER
    SARCOMERES: FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF MUSCLE
    CONTRACTILE PROTEINS
    1. Thin filaments, 5-6 nm in diameter and 1 m in length

    F actin is a twisted strand composed of two rows of 300-400
    individual globular molecules of G actins. Each molecules of G
    actin active site
    Tropomyosin covers the active site of actin
    Troponin:
    T-troponin: binds to tropomyosin
    C-troponin: binds to Ca
    2+
    I-troponin: binds to G actin

    CONTRACTILE PROTEINS
    2. Thick filament, 10-12 nm in diameter and
    1,6 m in length
    A thick filaments contains roughly 500
    molecules of myosin. The tail of myosin is
    bound to other myosin molecule, whereas the
    head interacts with the thin filaments
    CONTRACTILE PROTEINS
    Frolich, Human Anatomy, Mechanics
    of Movement
    NEURO-MUSCULAR JUNCTION
    Action potential in nerves triggers chemical
    release at synapse which triggers action
    potential in muscle
    Fig. 14.5, M&M
    CONTRACTILE PROTEINS
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION AND RELAXATION
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION AND RELAXATION
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION
    1. Exposure of active site: Ca
    2+
    entering sarcoplasm bind
    to troponin. The troponin then changes position, pulling
    the tropomyosin molecule away from the active site
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION
    2. Formation of cross-bridge: when the active sites
    are exposed, myosin heads binding to them
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION
    3. Pivoting: Using ATP as the source of energy,
    myosin heads pivot the actin toward M line
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION
    4. Detachment of cross-bridge: The forming of new
    ATP in myosin head breaks the cross bridge
    STEPS IN CONTRACTION
    5. Myosin reactivation: relaxation and be able for
    the next contraction

    SOURCE OF THE ENERGY
    ATP ADP + Pi
    3 ways of ATPs generation:
    1. Creatine-phosphate
    ADP + CP ATP + C
    2. Oxidative metabolism: requires oxygen,
    moderates level of activity, slow movement.
    3. Glycolysis: doesnt require oxygen, higher level of
    activity, 2,5 x faster than oxidative metabolism,
    produces lactic acid
    TYPES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
    Fast fiber
    Slow fiber
    CLASSIFICATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
    SMOOTH MUSCLE
    SMOOTH MUSCLE

    Subconscious control by autonomic nervous
    system
    Smaller than the skeletal muscle, no striae
    Single nucleus
    No T tubules, poor development of
    sarkoplasmic reticulum, lack of myofibrils and
    sarcomeres
    CONTRACTION AND RELAXATION
    Differs from the skeletal muscle
    Ca
    2+
    are originated from extracellular fluid
    No troponin
    Calmodulin activates the enzyme myosin
    light kinase contraction

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