Innovative Logistics Solutions,

Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group

MUNICIPAL, SOLID
WASTE
TREATMENT
OVERVIEW AND
ASSESSMENT

ILS, Inc copyright @ 2003 Rev 1.3

ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

MISSION
STATEMENT

To safeguard human
health and the
environment by using
the latest technology
to provide efficient
and cost-effective,
environmentally
friendly industrial
and domestic waste
management and
disposal.
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

WASTE STATISTICS

ANNUAL WASTE ACCUMULATION

PER INHABITANT IN KILOS

1000
900
800
kilos in 1989

700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Netherland
Great Britain
France

Japan

USA
Canada
Germany
Spain

Switzerland
Italy

Country
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

WASTE STATISTICS

This picture illustrates the quantity

of trash produced by an average
American family per year
(over 3 tons)
 Innovative Logistics Solutions,
Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group

COMPARISON OF
AVAILABLE
TECHNOLOGIES
ILS, Inc. PYR MEXTM

LANDFILL

• Inexpensive, but most

dangerous solution
• Sooner or later
uncontrolled chemical
reactions will occur
• Creation of explosive
methane gases
• Great danger to ground
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

SANITIZED
LANDFILL
A Ground Water
B Compacted Clay
C Plastic Liner
D Leach Collection
Pipe
E Geotextile Mat
F Gravel
G Drainage Layer
H Soil Layer
I Old Cells
J New Cells
K Leach Pond

• Costs are approx. US$

40.-/ton
• Ground water
decontamination partly
prevented by expensive
lining system installed in the
dump prior to filling
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

STANDARD
INCINERATION

E F G
B D
A

A Waste Acceptance C Slag Remover E Drier

G Active Carbon Filter
B Combustion Chamber D Steam Boiler F Gas
Scrubber

• Proven technology for

volume reduction
• Costs vary between US$
200.-/ton and US$
600.-/ton
• Creation of air pollution and
highly toxic ashes
• Problematic disposal of
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

INCINERATION
WITH DIOXIN BREAKER

C
B

A Waste Acceptance

B Incinerator
C Heat Recovery /
Boiler
D Gas Scrubber

• Proven technology for

volume reduction
• Air pollution is reduced at
relatively high costs
• Problem of highly toxic
residue ashes remains
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

STANDARD
PYROLYSIS
Waste Waste
Reception Pyrolysis Scrubber Water
Treatment

Ferrous and Char Sulfur

Non-Ferrous Salts
Metals Heavy
Metals

• Relatively expensive
• Permanent operating
problem with tar and oils
• Problematic disposal of
created char residue
(toxic)
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

PLASMA ARC
Power Cooled Vortex Gas Starting
Suppl Field Ga Injection Electrode
y Coil s Chamber

Rear Rear Insula Front Front Power

Water Electro tor Water Electro Supply
Coolin de Coolin de
g g
Syste Syste
m m
• Totally destroys all organics,
but shows inefficient energy
balance
• Small throughput
• Expensive operation and
maintenance, approx. US$
1000.-/ton
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

ULTRAHIGH TEMPERATURE
PYROLYSIS-HYDROLYSIS

PYR MEX
E
TM

M AT
I
LT ON
1 Infeed
E U I 2 Cooled infeed
TH OLUT 1 auger
S 5 3 Reactor
4 Pyrogas
3 5 Solid particles
2 outfeed
6 Oxygen free
4 storage
tanks

• No residues or toxic
emissions
• Great efficiency in
recovering 100% of the
energy contained in waste
 Innovative Logistics Solutions,
Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group

ENVIRONMENTAL
REGULATIONS
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

ENVIRONMENTAL
STANDARDS
FOR AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION

 The German environmental standards

for air pollution prevention are the most
vigorous in the world:

– Cal‘n base : X !
O2
M E
– Dust : 10 mg/NmOor less
3

Y R
– HCI : 10Pmg/Nm or less
3

– SOx : B Y50 mg/Nm3 or less

E D
– NOx
ILL: 200 mg/Nm 3
or less
– CO UL
F : 50 mg/Nm 3
or less
L F
A L– Dioxin : 0.1 Ng-TEG/Nm 3
or less
– Hg : 0.1 mg/Nm3 or less
– Cd : 0.1 mg/Nm3 or less
– Pd : 4 mg/Nm3 or less
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

EMISSION LIMITS
FOR WASTE TREATMENT PLANTS

na a n A
Ch
i EU J ap UK US
HCL (mg/Nm3) 50 50 24 30 41

HF (mg/Nm3) --- 2 --- 2 ---!

EX
SOx (mg/Nm3) 10 30 OM
30R 30 10
0 0 PY 0 0
NOx (mg/Nm ) 3 BY 51
E D
LL24 --- 4 35 20
CO (mg/Nm3L ) FI 0 0 0
F U 10 63
Cd A L L
(mg/Nm 3
) 10 0 --- ---
0 ---
Hg (mg/Nm3) --- 0. ---
0. --- 1
Dioxin (TEQ- 1 --- ---
ng/Nm3) 0. 0.
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

LEGISLATION FOR
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

 AUSTRIA aims to ban landfill of organics

(>5%) by 2004
 SWITZERLAND bans landfill of
combustible waste
 FRANCE bans landfill of combustible
waste by 2002
 DENMARK bans landfill of combustible
waste
 NETHERLANDS bans landfill of
combustible waste, paper and cardboard,
municipal waste landfill is banned since
2000
 GREAT BRITAIN targets recycling of 25%,
currently achieves only 6%
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX
TM

ORGANICS
REDUCTION
 Pyromex guarantees the reduction
of organics to less than >1%
(German laws require >5%)

<0.05
Innovative Logistics Solutions,
Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group

ENERGY
CONTAINED IN
WASTE
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

CALORIFIC VALUES
Secondary approx. approx.
Energy kcal/kg kW/kg
Material
Braun coal 4,500
5.2
Cardboard 3,800
4.4
Citrus peels 4,500
5.2
Car tires 8,300
9.6
Household waste (presorted)4,500
5.2
Hospital waste 6,780
7,8
Manure (dried) 3,760
4.4
Neoprene 7,100
8.2
Nylon 7,570
8.8
Oil sludge 8,800
10.2
Paper 4,400
5.1
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

REALITY

The energy of 1
container of yogurt
1 1 (0.3 ltr) keeps a
CONTAIN HOU light bulb glowing
ER R
for 1 hour

The waste put into a dust bin over 1 year

contains enough energy to heat water

for

500 bath

or

3,500 showers

or

keep the TV
on for 500
hours
Innovative Logistics Solutions,
Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group

MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE
TREATMENT
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

CONCEPT PLAN
FOR A MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
TREATMENT FACILITY
100%
Municipal
Solid Waste Recycl
Electrici
ed
ty to
Weigh Administration Materi
Market
Bridge Building als to
Market

Storage FE
NF
E
AL
Sorting Power
Recycling Generation
Shredding

Storage Inert Gas

Sand Storage

GASIFICATION
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

PLANNING
 Suitability of municipal, solid
waste as energy source
 Plant sizing
 Site selection
 Calculation of recoverable energy
 Negotiation of energy sales
agreement
 Strategy for risk taking and
guarantees
 Setup of Pyromex municipal solid
waste treatment plant beneficial
to all parties involved and
environmentally friendly
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
CONSIDERATIONS

• CO2 Control
ENVIRONMENT • DXNs Control
• Emission Control
• Landfill Control

• Cost Control
ECONOMY • Profit
• Growth

• Energy Recovery
ENERGY • High Efficiency
• Utilization / Sale
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

WASTE COLLECTION
 Choosing the most suitable collection
method
Container with Cover
Covered System Arm
Container Roll

Dust Drum & Packer

Dust
SystemPacke
Drum r

Compactor & Container

System
Contai Arm
ner Roll
Compa
ctor
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

PRINCIPAL POINTS
OF PYROMEX
 Treatment of waste materials, not
simply a reduction in volume!
 Recycling of valuable materials and
energy recovery, not only waste
treatment!
 A profitable business, not just a
break-even scenario!
 An environmental education center,
not just a waste treatment plant!
 Meeting highest and most severe
environmental rules and regulations!
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

PLANT LAYOUT
50 t/d PLANT
A Storage area
B Control room D Administration
office
C Janitor E Lab
3
1
6
A B D E 1
C 5

26m
2 1
4 5 8 1 3
1 1 4
1
0
6 7 9 1 8
1 3
1
1 2
70m

1 Weigh bridge 10 Feed silo for

reactors
2 Weigh control 11 Storage silos
3 Parking 12 Infeed system
4 Receiving bin 13 Reactors
5 Preshredder 14 Collection of
inorganics
6 FE separation 15 Scrubber
7 NFE separation 16 Gas tanks
ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
Typical List for a 50 t/d Plant

 Skip loader 1
 5m3 dump truck 1
 5 ton fork lift 1
 5,000 gal. Water truck 1
 Facility and parking lot „Street
Sweeper“ 1
 Low profile shuttle with 3 trailers 1
 6-cylinder pick-up truck 1
 Fire prevention unit 1
 Standard 4-door automobiles 1
 Flatbed truck 1
 On-site 8,000 gal. water tower 1
 Stationary 53,000 gal. water tank
for fire 1
 Knuckle boom 1
 ILS, Inc. PYR MEX TM

ESTIMATED MANPOWER
REQUIREMENT

t /d t /d t /d t/d
50 50 00 00
1 3 5
Plant Engineer 1 1 2 3

Secretary --- 1 2 3

Accounting --- --- --- ---

Ground 1 2 3 4
Maintenance
3 4 8 8
Helpers
5 8 15 18
TOTAL