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    Lecture 12 - Mass Transport - Introduction

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    Saya Hudzaifah
    This document provides an introduction to mass transport. It defines different modes of mass transfer including diffusion and convection. Fick's laws of diffusion relating mass or molar flux to concentration gradients are presented. The document distinguishes between mass and molar units and flux formulations. It also provides equations for combined mass and molar flux accounting for both molecular diffusion and convective transport. The key outcomes are to explain the principles of mass transfer and formulate concentration distributions for diffusion through a stagnant gas film.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lecture 12 - Mass Transport - Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Saya Hudzaifah
    84 views20 pages
    This document provides an introduction to mass transport. It defines different modes of mass transfer including diffusion and convection. Fick's laws of diffusion relating mass or molar flux to concentration gradients are presented. The document distinguishes between mass and molar units and flux formulations. It also provides equations for combined mass and molar flux accounting for both molecular diffusion and convective transport. The key outcomes are to explain the principles of mass transfer and formulate concentration distributions for diffusion through a stagnant gas film.

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    Mass Trannsport

    Original Title

    Lecture 12- Mass Transport_ Introduction

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    This document provides an introduction to mass transport. It defines different modes of mass transfer including diffusion and convection. Fick's laws of diffusion relating mass or molar flux to concentration gradients are presented. The document distinguishes between mass and molar units and flux formulations. It also provides equations for combined mass and molar flux accounting for both molecular diffusion and convective transport. The key outcomes are to explain the principles of mass transfer and formulate concentration distributions for diffusion through a stagnant gas film.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    84 views20 pages

    Lecture 12 - Mass Transport - Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Saya Hudzaifah
    This document provides an introduction to mass transport. It defines different modes of mass transfer including diffusion and convection. Fick's laws of diffusion relating mass or molar flux to concentration gradients are presented. The document distinguishes between mass and molar units and flux formulations. It also provides equations for combined mass and molar flux accounting for both molecular diffusion and convective transport. The key outcomes are to explain the principles of mass transfer and formulate concentration distributions for diffusion through a stagnant gas film.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    CCB/CBB 3033

    ADVANCED TRANSPORT
    PROCESSES /
    TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
    5. Mass Transport
    Lesson 24: Introduction to Mass Transport

    Course Outcomes
    CLO Explain the theoretical aspect of
    1
    momentum,
    mass
    and
    energy
    transport
    CLO Apply
    mathematical
    and
    numerical
    2
    methodology in analyzing momentum
    transfer problem
    CLO Apply
    mathematical
    and
    numerical
    3
    methodology in analyzing heat transfer
    problem
    CLO Apply
    mathematical
    and
    numerical
    4
    methodology in analyzing mass transfer
    problem
    CLO Analyze and solve transport phenomena
    5
    using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

    Semester May
    2013

    Lesson outcomes
    At the end of the lesson the student should be able to
    Lesson 24. Introduction to Mass transport

    Explain the principle of mass transfer.

    Formulate the Concentration distribution for diffusion


    through stagnant gas film.

    Overview
    Molecular transport/diffusion is the movement of
    individual molecules through fluid by means of
    random motion of the molecules. (random-walk
    process)

    Overview
    Modes of mass transfer:
    1. Diffusion
    a. Molecular diffusion
    b. Knudsen diffusion. ( gas )
    2. Convection.
    Diffusion is more complicated than viscous flow or heat
    conduction because we deal with mixtures( more than one
    component)

    Mass Transport Equation Ficks Law


    How a steady state concentration profile
    for the diffusion of helium (A) through
    fused silica (B) builds. The symbol A
    stands for the mass fraction of helium,
    and A0 is the solubility of helium in
    fused silica.

    Mass Transport Equation Ficks Law


    At steady state

    A0 0
    A
    Y
    d A
    j Ay DAB
    dy
    j A D AB A

    wAy

    DAB

    Ficks first law of diffusion

    wAy The mass flow of A in positive y direction

    A Mass fraction of helium, A0 Solubility of helium in


    fused silica, Mass concentration
    jAy The molecular mass flux of helium in positive y direction
    DAB The diffusivity of silica-helium system
    Divergence, div


    x y z

    Diffusivity, DAB
    Gas Pairs

    Diffusivity, DAB
    Liquid Mixture

    Diffusivity, DAB
    Solid

    Ficks law of diffusion for binary mixtures


    The basic equation for Ficks law for an isobaric and
    isothermal system is :

    j Ay DAB

    d A
    dy

    A = the mass fraction of A


    jAy [=] kg/m2s Molecular (diffusive) mass flux in y
    direction
    DAB[=] m2/s.. Diffusivity

    11

    Molar & Mass Flux


    The previously discussed Ficks Law of diffusion
    was given in terms of mass units, in general:
    when chemical reactions are involved, molar units
    are preferred
    When the diffusion equations are solved together
    with the equation of motion, mass units are usually
    preferred.

    Therefore it is necessary to be familiar with both

    12

    Molar & Mass Flux

    The mass concentration is defined as the mass of


    species per unit volume of solution

    m

    V

    The mass fraction is defined as the mass of species


    per unit volume of the solution divided by the total
    mass of all species per unit volume of solution.

    The mass flux

    j Ay DAB

    d A
    dy
    13

    Molar & Mass Flux


    The molar concentration c is defined as the number of
    moles of species per unit volume of solution.

    c
    M

    M molecular weight

    The molar fraction x is defined as the number of moles of


    species per unit volume of solution divided by the total
    number of moles of all species per unit volume of solution.

    c
    x
    c

    c c

    J Ay cDAB

    dx A
    dy

    The molar flux

    14

    Molar & Mass Flux


    Comparison of mass flux and molar flux formula
    The mass flux

    j Ay DAB

    The molar flux

    d A
    dy

    J Ay cDAB

    15

    dx A
    dy

    The convective mass flux


    Convective mass flux of component A c Av**

    Av A B vB

    A
    Av A B vB

    A n A nB
    Convective Molar Flux of Component A A n A nB
    v** Mass average velocity
    16

    The convective molar flux


    Convective molar flux of component A c Av*
    cA

    c Av A cB vB
    c

    cA
    c Av A cB vB
    c

    xA N A N B
    Convective Molar Flux of Component A x A N A N B

    17

    Combined Mass Flux

    Combined Mass Flux of species A in z-direction is given by :

    n Az j Az A n Az nBz
    n Az DAB

    A
    A n Az nBz
    z

    Molecular flux
    Resulting from
    concentration
    gradient

    Convective flux
    Resulting from the bulk
    motion of the fluid

    Similarly for species B:

    B
    nBz DBA
    B n Az nBz
    z
    18

    Combined Molar Flux

    Combined Molar Flux of species A in z-direction is given by :

    N Az J Az x A N Az N Bz
    N Az cDAB

    x A
    x A N Az N Bz
    z

    Molecular flux
    Resulting from
    concentration
    gradient

    Convective flux
    Resulting from the bulk
    motion of the fluid

    Similarly for species B:

    N Bz

    xB
    cDBA
    xB N Az N Bz
    z
    19

    Lesson outcomes
    At the end of the lesson the student should be able to
    Lesson 24. Introduction to Mass transport

    Explain the principle of mass transfer.

    Formulate the Concentration distribution for diffusion


    through stagnant gas film.

    20

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