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    Shifting Graphs

    Uploaded by

    Raigan
    1. Graphs of functions can be transformations of basic function graphs through shifts, stretches, shrinks, and reflections. 2. Vertical shifts move the graph up or down, horizontal shifts move the graph left or right, and reflections flip the graph across an axis. 3. Stretching or shrinking a graph vertically makes it taller or shorter, while horizontal stretching or shrinking makes the graph wider or narrower.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Shifting Graphs

    Uploaded by

    Raigan
    128 views15 pages
    1. Graphs of functions can be transformations of basic function graphs through shifts, stretches, shrinks, and reflections. 2. Vertical shifts move the graph up or down, horizontal shifts move the graph left or right, and reflections flip the graph across an axis. 3. Stretching or shrinking a graph vertically makes it taller or shorter, while horizontal stretching or shrinking makes the graph wider or narrower.

    Original Description:

    Pre-Calc Lesson on graph transformations

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    1. Graphs of functions can be transformations of basic function graphs through shifts, stretches, shrinks, and reflections. 2. Vertical shifts move the graph up or down, horizontal shifts move the graph left or right, and reflections flip the graph across an axis. 3. Stretching or shrinking a graph vertically makes it taller or shorter, while horizontal stretching or shrinking makes the graph wider or narrower.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    128 views15 pages

    Shifting Graphs

    Uploaded by

    Raigan
    1. Graphs of functions can be transformations of basic function graphs through shifts, stretches, shrinks, and reflections. 2. Vertical shifts move the graph up or down, horizontal shifts move the graph left or right, and reflections flip the graph across an axis. 3. Stretching or shrinking a graph vertically makes it taller or shorter, while horizontal stretching or shrinking makes the graph wider or narrower.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Shifting Graphs

    The graphs of many functions are transformations


    of the graphs of very basic functions.
    Example:
    The graph of y = x2 + 3
    is the graph of y = x2
    shifted upward three units.
    This is a vertical shift.
    The graph of y = x2 is the
    reflection of the graph of
    y = x2 in the x-axis.

    y = x2 + 3

    y = x2
    4

    x
    4

    -4
    -4

    y = x2
    -8

    Vertical Shifts
    If c is a positive real number, the graph of f (x) + c
    is the graph of y = f (x) shifted upward c units.
    If c is a positive real number, the graph of f (x) c
    is the graph of y = f(x) shifted downward c units.
    y

    f (x) + c
    +c
    -c

    f (x)
    f (x) c
    x
    3

    Example: Use the graph of f (x) = |x| to graph the


    functions g(x) = |x| + 3 and h(x) = |x| 4.
    y

    g(x) = |x| + 3

    f (x) = |x|

    h(x) = |x| 4
    x
    4

    -4
    -4

    2
    ,yyx2+x132yx21,andyx23.
    y

    Graphing Utility: Sketch the graphs given by


    4

    Horizontal Shifts
    If c is a positive real number, then the graph of
    f (x c) is the graph of y = f (x) shifted to the right
    c units.
    y

    If c is a positive real
    number, then the
    graph of f (x + c) is
    the graph of y = f (x)
    shifted to the left
    c units.

    -c

    +c

    y = f (x + c)

    y = f (x)

    x
    y = f (x c)

    Example: Use the graph of f (x) = x3 to graph


    g (x) = (x 2)3 and h(x) = (x + 4)3 .
    y

    f (x) = x3

    4
    -4

    h(x) = (x + 4)3

    g(x) = (x 2)3
    7

    2
    ,yy(x12x3)2y(x3)2,andy(x1)2.
    y

    x
    Graphing Utility: Sketch the graphs given by
    7

    4
    yy
    xx4yx54

    Example: Graph the function


    using the graph of
    .
    First make a vertical shift
    4 units downward.

    y
    4

    (0, 0)

    (4, 2)

    -4

    (0, 4)

    Then a horizontal shift 5


    units left.

    (4, 2)

    -4

    ( 5, 4)

    (1, 2)

    The graph of a function may be a reflection of the


    graph of a basic function.
    y

    The graph of the


    function y = f (x)
    is the graph of
    y = f (x) reflected
    in the y-axis.

    y = f (x)

    y = f (x)
    x

    y = f (x)

    The graph of the function y = f (x)


    is the graph of y = f (x) reflected in the x-axis.
    10

    Example: Graph y = (x + 3)2 using the graph of y = x2.


    First reflect the graph
    in the x-axis.

    Then shift the graph


    three units to the left.

    y = x2

    4
    x

    (3, 0)
    4

    -4

    y = x

    y = (x + 3)2
    11

    1
    2
    1
    y

    x
    2
    y
    x41
    4
    4

    Vertical Stretching and Shrinking

    If c > 1 then the graph of y = c f (x) is the graph of y = f (x)


    stretched vertically by c.

    If 0 < c < 1 then the graph of y = c f (x) is the graph of y = f (x)


    shrunk vertically by c.
    y = x2

    Example: y = 2x2 is the


    graph of y = x2
    stretched vertically by 2.

    y = 2x2

    is the graph of y = x2

    shrunk vertically by

    12

    1
    y

    x
    2
    1
    y2x1
    2

    Horizontal Stretching and Shrinking

    If c > 1, the graph of y = f (cx) is the graph of y = f (x)


    shrunk horizontally by c.

    If 0 < c < 1, the graph of y = f (cx) is the graph of y = f (x)


    stretched horizontally by c.
    y

    Example: y = |2x| is the


    graph of y = |x| shrunk
    horizontally by 2.

    y = |2x|

    y = |x|

    is the

    graph of y = |x| stretched


    horizontally by

    -4

    13

    ,yx3y10x,andy10x.
    y

    3
    3
    3
    3
    y10x3

    Graphing Utility: Sketch the graphs given by


    5

    14

    Example: Graph

    1
    y2(x)33
    1
    y2(x)33
    using the graph of y = x3.

    Graph y = x3 and do one transformation at a time.


    y
    y
    8
    4

    -4

    -4

    Step 1: y = x

    Step 2: y = (x + 1)3

    Step 3:
    Step 4:

    15

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