The Forces That Shape Contemporary Values

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The Filipinos of the last quarter of the

twentieth century are the sum total of the


social strains and cultural elements that are
Aeta, Indonesian, Malaysian, Hindu, Arabian,
Chinese, Spanish, Americans; in short, the
Filipinos are cosmopolitan in nature. They
are both oriental and occidental.
Spanish and American culture compose
the Filipinos Occidentalism. Though
centuries of colonial rule, the Spanish
influence found its way into our religious,
political, economic and educational life, as
well as into our language, dress and diet.
Spain introduce:
 Roman catholic
 The encomienda
 Galleon trade
 Fiesta
 Parochial school
 Municipal building
 Village plaza
 Compadre system
The Americanization of the Filipino
consisted mainly of the introduction of a
democratic system of government. The
American also popularized education as the
most essential channel for social mobility
and introduced the English language as the
medium of instruction in the school system
which they established in the Philippines.
The Americans further infused new ideals
pertaining to the family, economy,
government, education, religion, recreation
and health and wealth. Finally, the
Americans also introduced into the Filipino
way of life the values of materialism and
consumerism.
Cultural values can be inconsistent
and contradictory. Values are not called
full values unless they go through the
cognitive, affective and behavioral
process.
 Cognitive- after considering all choices
and carefully thinking about these
choices, a person makes a decision
without any outside pressure.
 Affective- a persons choice is prized and
cherished, and the person publicly affirm
it. Ex. Saying “Teacher lang po ako.”
 Behavioral- if one values something, he
or she shows this in his/her actions, acts
positively about it, and does it habitually.
A value is not a value unless it is acted in
the context.

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