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    Coherence and Cohesion PPT 20331

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    khan7ven
    This document discusses coherence and cohesion in writing. It defines cohesion as the use of grammatical and lexical links that connect parts of a text, such as reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunctions. Coherence is defined as how well the reader can infer the writer's intentions based on how meanings and sequences of ideas relate. The document provides examples of how to achieve coherence, such as establishing purpose and answering anticipated questions. It also discusses how to help learners develop skills in writing coherent texts and assessing coherence and cohesion in evaluations.

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    Coherence and Cohesion PPT 20331

    Uploaded by

    khan7ven
    260 views10 pages
    This document discusses coherence and cohesion in writing. It defines cohesion as the use of grammatical and lexical links that connect parts of a text, such as reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunctions. Coherence is defined as how well the reader can infer the writer's intentions based on how meanings and sequences of ideas relate. The document provides examples of how to achieve coherence, such as establishing purpose and answering anticipated questions. It also discusses how to help learners develop skills in writing coherent texts and assessing coherence and cohesion in evaluations.

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    How to improve writing skills by understanding Cohesion Or Coherence

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    Coherence and Cohesion Ppt 20331

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    This document discusses coherence and cohesion in writing. It defines cohesion as the use of grammatical and lexical links that connect parts of a text, such as reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunctions. Coherence is defined as how well the reader can infer the writer's intentions based on how meanings and sequences of ideas relate. The document provides examples of how to achieve coherence, such as establishing purpose and answering anticipated questions. It also discusses how to help learners develop skills in writing coherent texts and assessing coherence and cohesion in evaluations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    260 views10 pages

    Coherence and Cohesion PPT 20331

    Uploaded by

    khan7ven
    This document discusses coherence and cohesion in writing. It defines cohesion as the use of grammatical and lexical links that connect parts of a text, such as reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunctions. Coherence is defined as how well the reader can infer the writer's intentions based on how meanings and sequences of ideas relate. The document provides examples of how to achieve coherence, such as establishing purpose and answering anticipated questions. It also discusses how to help learners develop skills in writing coherent texts and assessing coherence and cohesion in evaluations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Developing writing skills meaningfully:

    for life and for the Euro exams


    COHERENCE AND COHESION

    Rádai Péter
    Euro Nyelvvizsga Központ
    [email protected]
    Coherent or cohesive?

    Incoherent and not cohesive?

    Coherent and cohesive?

    Coherent but not cohesive?

    Cohesive but incoherent?


    Cohesion
    „…the use of explicit linguistic devices to
    signal relations between sentences and parts
    of texts."
    (Ulla Connor 1996 in http://www.criticism.com/da/coherence.php)

    All the grammatical and lexical links that


    establish connections within a text at all sorts
    of different levels, e.g., section, paragraphs,
    sentences and even phrases.
    Cohesion is…
    • a formal feature of texts
    • the glue that holds a piece of writing together
    • fairly objectively verifiable
    • achieved through cohesive devices:
    1. reference (it, this, those cars, neither etc.)
    2. ellipsis (i.e. avoiding repetition: )
    3. substitution (i.e. avoiding repetition: one(s), do)
    4. lexical cohesion (e.g. repetition of lexis, synonyms,
    reformulation)
    5. conjunction (in addition, for instance etc.)
    Coherence
    Coherence is a semantic property of discourse
    formed through the interpretation of each
    individual sentence relative to the interpretation
    of other sentences, with "interpretation"
    implying interaction between the text and the
    reader.
    (Teun A. van Dijk 1980 in http://www.criticism.com/da/coherence.php)
    Coherence…
    …is the extent to which the reader (or listener) is able
    to infer the writer’s (or speaker’s) communicative
    intentions
    …shows how meanings and sequences of ideas
    relate to each other, e.g.
    • general > particular
    • statement > example
    • problem > solution
    • question> answer
    • argument > counter-argument
    How to achieve coherence
    Scott Thornbury:
    http://www.onestopenglish.com/section.asp?docId=154867

    Learners’ awareness and skills can be developed to…


    1. write coherent texts through the analysis of the
    generic features of particular text types;
    2. establish both the purpose of the text and the
    intended readership;
    3. second-guess the intended reader’s questions, and
    to answer them „beforehand”.
    Helping teachers & learners

    www.euroexam.org:
    Írásbeli értékelő verseny

    Writing tutorials: raising awareness


    without writing
    http://elearning.euroexam.org/
    Assessing cohesion and
    coherence…
    Writing: Evaluation criteria Points / Weight
    TASK ACHIEVEMENT 10 pts (40%)
    (sense of audience and purpose)
    COHERENCE AND COHESION 5 pts (20%)
    (sense of discourse)
    RANGE AND ACCURACY 5 pts (20%)

    APPROPRIACY {style, genre} 5 pts (20%)


    (sense of audience and discourse)
    References
    Connor, U. M. 1996. Contrastive Rhetoric: Cross-Cultural
    Aspects of Second Language Writing. Cambridge: CUP.
    Thornbury, S. 2006. An A-Z of ELT. Oxford: Macmillan.
    Thornbury, S. 2005. Beyond the Sentence. Oxford: Macmillan.
    van Dijk, T. A. 1980. Text and Context: Explorations in the
    Semantics and Pragmatics of Discourse. London: Longman.

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