Adolf Hitler

• The Nazi party’s leader, ___________________________, gained control of

Germany in 1932 because he promised to
____________________________________________________________i
n the world.
• Hitler soon became Germany’s ___________________________, taking
complete control of the country.
Ignores Treaty
• He rebuilt Germany’s ___________________________.
• He also promised to restore Germany’s ____________________________.
Aggression
• In 1936, Hitler took back some ___________________________along the
Rhine River.
• In 1938, he ___________________________with Germany.
• Hitler also ___________________________of Czechoslovakia, and France and
Great Britain gave in.
• In 1939, Hitler’s Nazi army invaded ___________________________.
Japan
• Emperor Hirohito was the ___________________________and the military
had a lot of power in his government.
• Japan built up its army, navy, and air force and
___________________________in 1931.
Aggression
• Over the next few years, Japan conquered all of eastern China.
• In January ________, the Japanese captured Manila, the capital of the
Philippines.
• A month later, the Japanese captured ___________________________.
• Japan eventually conquered the East Indies, the Philippines, and many other
___________________________.
Italy
• In 1925, Benito Mussolini became ___________________________.
• Mussolini increased the size of Italy’s ___________________________.
• Italy conquered Albania and ___________________________in Africa.
Axis Powers
• Mussolini signed an ___________________________with Germany in 1936.
• Japan signed an alliance with ___________________________________in
1940.
• The aggressive countries soon became known as the
_______________________________.
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 Neutral U.S.
• When WWII broke out in Europe in ____________, the US followed a policy of
___________________________, which meant that they wouldn’t help either
the Axis or Allied powers.
• Many people in the US believed that the war was Europe’s problem, not
America’s.
Pearl Harbor
• On ___________________________, Japanese airplanes made a surprise
attack on the US naval base at ___________________________ in Hawaii.
• More than ___________________________ were killed, and many US
battleships and airplanes were destroyed.
U.S. Enters WWII
• The next day, President Roosevelt asked Congress to
___________________________ on Japan.
• They agreed and the US officially entered WWII on
___________________________.
• On December 11, ___________________________ declared war on the US.
Two-Front War
• The US fought a ___________________________ during WWII.
• In ___________________________, it fought against Italy and Germany.
• In the ___________________________, it fought against Japan.
Axis Success
• The Axis powers were successful in the ___________________________ of
WWII.
• Germany had conquered most of ___________________________ and had
invaded the Soviet Union.
• Japan had conquered all of ___________________________, the East Indies,
the Philippines, and many other Pacific Islands.
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 D-Day
• On June 6, ___________________________ Allied forces under the command
of US General Dwight D. Eisenhower invaded
___________________________.
• They ___________________________, but the Allied troops still came under
heavy fire and thousands were killed.
• The Germans were now being attacked from the west,
___________________________, and the east.
• By August, Paris had been liberated and by September, the Germans were
completely ___________________________.
Holocaust
• Throughout Hitler’s rule, the Nazis persecuted __________ and other minorities
in Germany.
• Hitler blamed all of ___________________________ after WWI on the Jewish
people.
• First, he hurt the Jews economically by forcing Germans to
_____________________________________________________ from
Jewish shops.
• Then he forced them to move into ___________________________ called
ghettos.
• Finally, Jews were rounded up and forced into ___________________________
where millions died.
• Hitler was responsible for the murder of more than
___________________________ between 1933 and 1945.
• As the Allies advanced through Europe, they captured the concentration camps and
_______________________________________________ that were still alive.
Closing In
• In 1945, the Soviets advanced steadily from the east
___________________________ itself.
• American, British, and French forces closed in on Germany
___________________________.
• Finally, the American and Soviet armies met in Germany on
___________________________.
VE Day
• ___________________________ to the Allies on May 7, 1945.
• The next day, May 8, 1945, is called VE Day – ___________________________.
• People were thrilled and ___________________________ all over Europe and
the United States.
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 Island Hopping
• In 1944, the US followed an ___________________________ campaign in the
Pacific.
• US forces ___________________________ island after island held by the
Japanese.
• This campaign brought American troops closer and
___________________________ .
Japan’s Soldiers
• Fighting Japan was difficult because the Japanese were
___________________________ .
• The Japanese soldiers ___________________________ and were willing to
sacrifice themselves for their country.
• Japanese ___________________________ crashed their planes into US ships on
purpose, fully expecting to die.
Iwo Jima
• In February 1945, American forces invaded the island of
___________________________ .
• The island was important because it was ___________________________ and it
was a good place for US planes to land.
• The Japanese protected the island with traps and
___________________________ .
• It was a fierce battle, but the ___________________________ eventually took
the island.
Atomic Bombs
• The Allies thought about invading Japan, but were worried that too many
______________________________________________________ .
• President ___________________________ made a difficult decision to use
nuclear weapons against Japan.
• He warned the Japanese government to ___________________________ , but
they refused to give up.
• On August 6, 1945, an American bomber plane dropped the first
___________________________ ever used in war on the Japanese city of
___________________________ .
• A few days later, the US dropped a second bomb on
___________________________ .
• Both cities were completely ___________________________ , and the Japanese
finally agreed to surrender.
VJ Day
• The two sides signed formal surrender papers on the US battleship Missouri on
________________________________________ .
• This day is officially known as VJ Day –
____________________________________ .
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 Allied Powers Axis Powers
____________________ – Winston Churchill ____________________ – Adolf Hitler
Soviet Union – Joseph ____________ Italy – Benito ______________________
US – Franklin ____________________ & Japan – Emperor __________________
Harry ____________________
Roosevelt
• President Franklin ____________________ led the US through most of WWII.
• After WWII began in 1939, Roosevelt urged the US to get
___________________________ .
• He ___________________________________ and pushed for laws to help the
Allies.
• Roosevelt led the country in its fight against the Axis; however, he
___________________________ to the see the end of the war.
Stalin
• Joseph Stalin led the ___________________________ during WWII.
• Even though the Soviet Union was an Allied Power, Stalin was a
___________________________ like Hitler and Mussolini.
• In May 1945, the Soviets under Stalin were able to ___________________________
, Germany’s capital, and defeated the German forces.
Churchill
• Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister of ___________________________
during WWII.
• He was a writer and ___________________________ and served in the British
Army in Africa and India.
• He was a symbol for the ___________________________ of the British and he led
the country through its darkest hours of the war.
Truman
• When President Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945, Vice-President Harry S. Truman
became the ___________________________ .
• He made the difficult decision for ___________________________ to be used
against Japan.
• He was the US president when ___________________________ .
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 Hitler
• Adolf Hitler was the _______________________________________ during
WWII.
• In 1933, he became chancellor of Germany and slowly
__________________________________ until he had total control over the
country.
• Hitler rebuilt ___________________________ and led the country in WWII.
• At first his army was successful, but eventually they
___________________________ .
• He is responsible for the deaths of over 6 million Jews during the
___________________________ .
Mussolini
• Benito Mussolini was the dictator who led ___________________________ during
WWII.
• He was trained as a ___________________________ and later joined the Italian
Army in WWI.
• After WWI, Mussolini became the leader of the Italian Fascist Party and slowly
___________________________ of every aspect of Italy’s government.
• In 1936, he signed a ___________________________ and joined WWII.
• Italy surrendered to the Allies in ____________ , but Mussolini escaped.
• He was ___________________________ and killed by Italians in 1945.
Hirohito
• The Japanese believed that their emperor, Hirohito, was descended
___________________________ .
• The military had a ___________________________ in his government, allowing
Japan to exercise aggression throughout Asia.
• Emperor Hirohito planned to build a ___________________________ in East Asia.
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 Rationing
• ___________________________ in American life took place during WWII.
• Americans had to make ___________________________ in order to conserve
materials to help factories make products needed for the war.
• During the war, much of the ___________________________ were limited to
only what was necessary for ___________________________ .
• The government put wartime ___________________________ on everything
from sugar, coffee, meat, butter, shoes, to gasoline.
• Times were tough, but the American people ___________________________ on
a common goal – to win WWII and bring US soldiers home.
Women in WWII
• When most of the young men went off to fight in Europe & the Pacific, women had
to take their place in ___________________________ .
• Over ___________________________ took jobs in America’s industries.
• By the time the war ended, ___________________________ of people working
in US business & industry were women.
Rosie the Riveter
• The government created a poster showing an energetic
___________________________ in overalls, ready to “do the job he left behind.”
• She was called ___________________________ , and she symbolized the many
women working in factory jobs.
• Many women helped ___________________________ and ships by fastening
metal plates together with clamps called rivets.
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 Segregation
• During WWII, the military services were strictly
___________________________ .
• The military ___________________________ African-American troops from
white American troops.
• In 1948, ___________________________ issued an executive order to
desegregate the armed services.
Tuskegee Airmen
• The ___________________________ were a group of young black men that
made a name for themselves during WWII.
• They were ___________________________ who trained at Tuskegee Institute
in Alabama.
• Because they were black, they were segregated from the white pilots, but they still
went through the same difficult ___________________________ .
• The Tuskegee Airmen were a well-respected ___________________________ .
• They ___________________________ to protect them while they traveled to
Europe.
• They were the only squadron that did ___________________________ during
WWII.
United Nations
• During WWII, Allied leaders wanted to create an international group to help
___________________________ in the future.
• President Roosevelt suggested the name ___________________________ , and
in 1944, a conference was help in Washington D.C. that outlined the purposes of the
UN.
• The UN Charter was signed by ___________________________ in 1945 in San
Francisco, California.
• The purpose of the UN is to solve international disputes peacefully rather than by
war and to protect ___________________________ .
• In 1950, the UN headquarters was built in ___________________________ .
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