Wireless Communication
Wireless Communication
Wireless Communication
Wireless communication
What is Wireless Communication?
• Wireless communications is a type of data communication that is
performed and delivered wirelessly.
• This is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of
connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a
wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and
devices.
INTRODUCTION
• Wireless Communication is a broad and dynamic field that has
spurred tremendous excitement and technological advance over the
last few decades.
• Wireless Communication is, by any measure, the fastest growing
segment of the communications industry.
• As such as it has captured the attention of the media and the
imagination of the public.
• Cellular systems have experienced exponential growth over the last
decade and
• There are currently about two billion users worldwide.
• Wireless local area networks currently supplement or replace wired
networks in many homes, businesses and campuses.
About Wireless
• The first wireless networks were developed in the pre-industrial age.
• These systems transmitted information over line of sight distances it
will later extended by telescopes and using smoke signals, torch
signaling, flashing mirrors, signal flares, or semaphore flags.
• These early communication networks were replaced first by the
telegraph network (invented by Samuel Morse in 1838) and later by
the telephone.
• In 1895, a few decades after the telephone were invented.
• Marconi demonstrated the first radio transmission from the Isle of
Wight to a tugboat 18 miles away, and the radio communication was
born.
Wireless communications covering…..
• radio,
• television,
• radar,
• satellite,
• wireless and
• mobile cellular and
• other wireless networks
Radio and Television Communications
• In 1874, Marconi performed simple experiments to send signals using
• electromagnetic waves at short distances of only about 100 meters.
• At that time scientists and experts believed that electromagnetic waves
could only be transmitted in a straight line, and
• the main obstacle to radio transmission was the curvature of the earth’s
surface.
• Finally Marconi successfully experimented to prove that electromagnetic
wave transmission was possible between two distant points even through
obstacles in between.
• This proved the way for wireless telegraphy, also known as radio
communications.
• The word radio comes from the term “radiated energy”
Contd….
• Marconi also studied microwaves and early television technology.
• In 1927, Farnsworth gave the first public demonstration of the
television system, and
• developed several of the basic concepts of an electronic television
system.
• North America’s first television station, W3XK in Wheaton, Maryland,
was started in 1930’s. By 1939, widespread commercial electronic
television broadcasting started in the United States.
• In 1941, the American Federal Communications Authority set the
standards for broadcast television.
• By 1970, television had become the primary information and
entertainment medium in the world
Radar Communication
• Radar has been recognized as one of the greatest scientific developments of the
first half of the 20th century.
• The first practical radar system was produced in 1935 by the British physicist
Robert Watson-Watt.
• Radar is an active remote-sensing system that operates on the principle of
echoes.
• A Radar display shows a map like picture of the area being scanned.
• The centre of the picture corresponds to the radar antenna and the radar echoes
are shown as bright spots on the screen.
• Although radar is usually associated with detecting:
• airplanes in the sky or ships on the ocean,
• it is actually used in a variety of different ways such as to forecast the weather,
• to scan entire regions for possible archaeological sites from space satellites and airplanes,
• to study potential hidden dangers in highway tunnels,
• to locate stagnant pools of water in areas of dense foliage on the earth, and
• to provide information about the universe
Satellite Communication
• A satellite is an object that orbits or revolves around another object.
• Satellites can be sent into space through a variety of launch vehicles.
• Sir Isaac Newton in the 1720s was probably the first person to conceive the idea
of a satellite.
• In 1945, Arthur C Clarke a science fiction envisioned a network of a
communication satellites.
• Three satellites would be able to transmit signals around the world by
transmitting in a line-of-sight direction with other orbiting satellites.
• In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the Sputnik 1 satellite, followed by Sputnik 2
and its passenger Laika, a dog who has the distinction of being the first living
creature to enter the earth’s orbit.
• In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human in orbit.
• In 1964, an international organization known as Intelsat was formed which
launched a series of satellites with the goal of providing total earth coverage by
satellite transmission.
Wireless and Mobile Communications
• They are Based on the nature of wireless transmission, wireless
communication systems may be classified as
• Simplex, Half-Duplex or Full-dUplex.
• In simplex wireless systems, separate transmitters and receivers operate at the same
frequency and communication is possible in only one direction from the transmitter
to the receiver at any time.
• For example, paging and messaging systems are simplex wireless communication systems in
which short text or alphanumeric messages are transmitted by fixed paging transmitters and
received pagers but the received messages are not acknowledged.