Dissertation of Thesis 1: Guided By: Ar. Mayank Tenguriya Submitted By: Mamta Jain

DISSERTATION OF THESIS 1
15122032
GUIDED BY: SUBMITTED BY:

AR. MAYANK TENGURIYA MAMTA JAIN
TOPIC AND THEME
• DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING

SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES
FROM JAIN RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
JAIN
JAIN TEMPLES
• The recurrence of this visual shape in connection with essential Jain

philosophies:
Cosmological concepts
Mythological constructions
Ritual instruments
• It expresses the religious significance dedicated by the Jains to this

simple threefold shape.
DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND

PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES FROM JAIN RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
TIRTHA-KSHETRAS ( SACRED PLACES)
Initiated
Religious A “tirtha” (sacred place for
life
pilgrims) involves strong
Practiced
birth
austerities religious aspects.
They prove to be a determinant of evolution,
tradition, history and phases of a target
tirthankaras population.
The spatial layout of Jain temples generally
Great Achieved follows a common approach to structuring
ascetics Omni- sacred and ritual space,
lived science which is not unique to a specific geographical
region or period, but typical of Jain sacred
Attained
architecture as a whole.
liberation
MARU-GURJARA STYLE
• The Māru-Gurjara style is part of the northern Indian

temple idiom, following the Nāgara design, in which the
temple tower (shikhara) has a curvilinear shape
• The two most prominent building materials employed in
Māru-Gurjara -style temples, are sandstone and marble.
• The spatial conventions and decorative elements of this
style have been employed during subsequent centuries to
strengthen a Jaina cultural and religious identity.
• As part of its supra-regional application, the style was
exported to other areas of the Indian subcontinent and
taken abroad into the Jaina diaspora.
JAIN TEMPLE : SPATIAL LAYOUT
PILGRIMAGE CIRCULATION IS
USED TO DESCRIBE
PILGRIMAGE FLOWS.
CIRCUMAMBULATORY
MOVEMENT
ASSEMBLY IN ASSEMBLY IN CENTRE FACING

RECTANGULAR SQUARE FORM ASSEMBLY
FORM
MOVEMENT AND AXIS
DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND PHILOSOPHICAL

PRINCIPLES FROM JAIN RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
RANAKPUR JAIN TEMPLE
• The temple is Built with numerous hypostyle mandapas topped by

shikharas with statues of Tirthankaras in Chaturmukha form placed
in front of mukhamandapa.
• The structure is split over 36000 square yards, having 1444
columns, each different from another and 84 chapels or kulikas
• However, as far as spatial organization is concerned, it is a
combination of simple pavilions and courtyards. The complexity is
achieved by the manner of putting together the basic unit.
• Thematic variations in the use of basic grid for organization of
spaces
• Plan shoes how entire temple at ranakpur is a derivative of the
concept of mandala.
MAP
• Jain temples are found in largest proximity in western part of India; in the
states of Rajasthan and Gujarat, having vivid variations on the basis of
topography, climate, social and economic patterns, material and construction
techniques available
• Trace the gradual evolution of temple architecture of the jainas in the western
region of india
DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES
FROM JAIN RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
WHY JAIN TEMPLE
• The expected sequential organization of the built environment is

culture bound and it changes over time as culture changes.
Religious places are the biggest institutions which absorb and
reflect such cultural changes.
• Temples were always meant to be spiritual experiential building;
but with time the perception of jain temple has became
constant.
• Change is the basic law of nature, thus a temple design must
break away from the social stigma so that it can influence the
society to evolve along with itself.
AIM
• TO IDENTIFY
- the generic principles of space organization that render
them timeless.
- correlation between spatial attributes and activities;
induced largely through perception of philosophies.
• TO INTERPRET
-to interpret, extrapolate and apply the principles of space
organization in a changed time and space.
-rather than replicate form, context, material, technology,
styles and “isms” which are ossified in history
ASPECTS OF ARCHITECTURE IMPORTANCE PARAMETERS FOR STUDYING
MAIN TEMPLE``````
BODY ONE SEES OR CARVINGS
PERCIEVES AND WHICH IS THE PICTORIAL ICONOGRAPHY
FORM SYMBOL OF THAT PARTICULAR GEOMETRY
SOCIETY PROPORTIONAL AND FRACTAL
ANALYSIS
TIME AS A FACTOR CAN MAKE AN TRANSFORMATION OF SPACES
EXPERIENCE MORE SERENE, ZONING
TIME BOUND AND STRONGER OR EVEN VERY DILUTE IN CIRCULATION
SPATIAL EXPERIENCE IMPACT DEPENDING UPON THE EFFECT OF FORM ON SPATIAL
DURATION AND PERIOD EXPERIENCE
DETERMINE THE CULTURE AND MEANING OF TEMPLE TO EACH
SOCIAL NEEDS THAT THE TEMPLE DIFFERENECE OF PERCEPTION OF AN
USER TYPOLOGY DEISGN NEEDS TO FULFILL OR ANCIENT TEMPLE VS A MODERN ONE
CONFIRM TO EXPECTATION/ACCEPTANCE OF
USERS
DETERMINES THE SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
EXPERIMENTATIONAND VIABILITY OF FUNDING
TEMPLE MANAGEMENT EXPERIMENTATION WITH TEMPLE MAINTAINANCE
DESIGN
REFERENCES
• Jaina temples of western india, Harihar singh

• Jaina philoshopy and religion, peter flugel
https://www.soas.ac.uk/ijjs/archive/file32515.pdf
• visual and conceptual links between jaina cosmological,
mythological and ritual instruments, julia a. b. hegewald
https://www.soas.ac.uk/ijjs/file58529.pdf
• Architectural science in jain poetry: description of
kumarpala’s temples, Basile Leclere
https://youtu.be/SJEZv9eEohU

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DISSERTATION OF THESIS 1

GUIDED BY: SUBMITTED BY:

• DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING

• The recurrence of this visual shape in connection with essential Jain

• It expresses the religious significance dedicated by the Jains to this

DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND

• The Māru-Gurjara style is part of the northern Indian

ASSEMBLY IN ASSEMBLY IN CENTRE FACING

MOVEMENT AND AXIS

DESIGINING OF A JAIN TEMPLE COMPLEX DECIPHERING SPATIAL ORGANISATION AND PHILOSOPHICAL

• The temple is Built with numerous hypostyle mandapas topped by

• The expected sequential organization of the built environment is

• Jaina temples of western india, Harihar singh

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