Function (1686)
Function (1686)
Function (1686)
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
2
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Optical function
The 1686 WM is a point–to–point transmission system with in–line optical
amplification capability It provides
a transmission capacity up to 320 Gbit/s on a single fiber by multiplexing thirty two
STM–16/STM–64 channels @ 10 GB/s.
Each channel respects the NRZ code and its bit rate ranges from 100 Mb/s up to
10Gb/s.
Each channel is associated to a fixed wavelength chosen in the third window (1.550
nm).
3
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
The basic components of a 1686 WM line system are:
• the line terminal equipment (LT)
• the optical repeater equipment (LR)
• the optical add and drop repeater equipment (OR)
The 1686 WM can be upgraded to 72 channels (32 channels in C band and 40 channels in
L band), with using the 1640 WM equipment for the L band. The resulting system performs
C+L band multiplexing withthe help of a simple C+L optical coupler.
4
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Wavelength division multiplexing in the 1686WM
The 32 channels launched in the fiber are coming from an Expansion unit which combines
these signals from two multiplexers, one multiplexing 16 channels in the short band region
(< 1545 nm) the other in the long band region (> 1545 nm) according to the table below. At
the RX side the 32 channels are splitted in two (Long band and Short band ) via the
Expansion unit and then demultiplexed.
Each STM–16/ STM–64 signal can be converted into an optical signal which the
wavelength is related to the table below, by using a wavelength adapter (WLA) if necessary.
If provisioned, a FEC function performs in the transmit side the encoding of the FEC
overhead data. Then, it achieves a performance monitoring on the frame (Low BER), and in
the Receive side it decodes the FEC overhead data and monitors the number of corrected
errors and uncorrected blocks of the entrance frame.
5
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
nominal central frequencies allocation plan based on the 100 GHz channel spacing
6
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
nominal central frequencies allocation plan based on the 100 GHz channel spacing
7
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Automatic Laser Control (ALC or saturating channel (1545 nm))
It is inserted at the Expansion unit output to compensate the mean optical power variation
in case of different number of input signals.
Optical supervisory channel
A dedicated channel ”Optical Supervision Channel” named OSC (also SPV) is allocated
to the transport of the supervision data. The OSC is an out–of–band channel (1480 or
1510 nm); its availability is independent of the good working of the optical amplifiers.
The OSC channel is electrically converted and exchanged with the DCC_AUX unit.
8
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Optical supervisory channel
In the WDM terminal, this channel is terminated in the DCC_AUX unit
It is inserted after the gain block in the WB_OBA_SPV unit and dropped at the input
of the pre–amplifier OFA gain block in the WB_OPA_SPV unit. The optical interfaces
are implemented on these units.
For the Metro Configurations, it is inserted and dropped in the SPV_CPL.
In the WDM line repeater or OADM repeater, it is terminated in the DCC_AUX unit
too. It is dropped before and inserted after the OFA gain block of the OLA unit. The
optical interface is implemented on this unit.
9
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Optical supervisory channel
10
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element description(Line terminal)
11
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element description(Supervision)
12
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element description(In–Line Repeater)
13
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element description(Supervision)
IMPORTANT:
When the DCC_AUX unit is not present in the repeater, the SPV channel is automatically by–passed in the OLA
unit. In this case, the faulty repeater is no longer supervised, but the supervision of the rest of the link is not
disturbed.
14
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element
description(OADM Repeater)
Two OADM types are available in this release;
on the one hand the four channels OADM_4
repeater and the other hand the eight channels
OADM_8 repeater.
15
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element description(non regenerative back–to back terminal configuration)
16
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Network Element description(regenerative back–to back terminal configuration)
17
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Performance Monitoring
The Performance monitoring on B1 provides the transmission quality of the signal
transmitted between ADM and WLA. For 10Gb/s transponders, B1 can be monitored at the
end of WDM domain and so compared to the one at the input of WDM domain. The
performance monitoring on FEC provides the transmission quality of the signal when it is
passing through the WDM domain.
Performance monitoring on B1
The system monitors:
– CV (Code violation): number of erroneous bit in the B1 bytes. 8 errors can be detected per SDH frame.
– DS (defect second): one second period when one of the events LOS (Loss Of Signal), or LOF (Loss Of
Frame (SDH) or J0 mismatch occurred.
18
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Performance monitoring on B1
Events
The following performance events are defined:
– Erroneous Second (ES): a one second period with at least one CV (code violation) or a
DS
– Severely Erroneous Second (SES): a one second period which contains more than 2400
CV (erroneous B1 bits) or a DS.
– Background Block Error (BBE): number of CV not occurring during an SES event.
19
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Performance monitoring on FEC
The system monitors:
–CEC counter (FEC analysis): Corrected errors count. It defines the number of corrected
errors (bytes) during a second
–UB counter (FEC analysis): Uncorrected blocks count. It defines the number of
uncorrected blocks (bytes) during a second
–DS counter (defect second): one second period when one of the defects LOS or LOF
happened.
20
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Performance monitoring on FEC
Events
Two events are associated to these three counters in order to ensure performance
monitoring.
–Background Errors Corrected (BEC):
number of CEC not occurring during an SCS event.
–Severely Corrected Second (SCS):
number of seconds not corrected within either at least one uncorrected block occurs
and/or LOS or LOF alarm occurs.
21
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
PM Counters organization
on B1 and FEC
22
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Automatic laser shutdown ALS
WLAs on the transmit side and on the receive side are required to support the ALS of host
system. In this case, the transmission system is compliant to the ALS definition
Automatic power shutdown APSD
Available for all amplifiers with output power is (Pout 17 dBm)
APSD function is implemented in WDM terminal and OADM repeater sites in order to have a
safety mechanism independent from the host systems. During APSD, OSC is still working.
In case of links without add–drop site the system is compliant with the ITU–T recommendation
G681.
In case of ”metropolitan” and ”short–metropolitan” configurations, APSD is not useful and
disabled by software application.
23
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Cable break (WDM line) without OADM repeater
24
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
General APSD description in OADM site
25
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
General APSD description in OADM site
26
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Cases of amplifiers with WB_OXA_P20_#### (Pout > 17 dBm) :
At the end of ILOS1 the second stage restarts in 100 ms max with an output power of +17
dBm maximum. After 10 seconds without ILOS at the OXA input, the output power
increases to reach its nominal value.
The 1686WM has the capability to manage and configure upon management the
bidirectional overhead used for Auxiliary channels.
The Master Shelf Access Panel connectors used for auxiliary channels application are: