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    Uperconductivity: Presented by Thejasree Prabhakaran

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    Thejasreeprabhakaran
    This document provides an overview of superconductivity. It begins with an introduction and discusses the key discoveries, including the discovery of superconductivity by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. It describes the difference between normal conductivity and superconductivity. The document then explains BCS theory and the important factors that define the superconducting state, including critical temperature, critical magnetic field, and critical current density. It discusses effects like the Meissner effect and covers applications of superconductors. The document concludes by noting superconductivity is now a flourishing field that contributes advances across many domains.

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    Uperconductivity: Presented by Thejasree Prabhakaran

    Uploaded by

    Thejasreeprabhakaran
    83 views16 pages
    This document provides an overview of superconductivity. It begins with an introduction and discusses the key discoveries, including the discovery of superconductivity by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. It describes the difference between normal conductivity and superconductivity. The document then explains BCS theory and the important factors that define the superconducting state, including critical temperature, critical magnetic field, and critical current density. It discusses effects like the Meissner effect and covers applications of superconductors. The document concludes by noting superconductivity is now a flourishing field that contributes advances across many domains.

    Original Description:

    It gives brief idea about super conductivity

    Original Title

    Superconductivity

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    This document provides an overview of superconductivity. It begins with an introduction and discusses the key discoveries, including the discovery of superconductivity by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. It describes the difference between normal conductivity and superconductivity. The document then explains BCS theory and the important factors that define the superconducting state, including critical temperature, critical magnetic field, and critical current density. It discusses effects like the Meissner effect and covers applications of superconductors. The document concludes by noting superconductivity is now a flourishing field that contributes advances across many domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    83 views16 pages

    Uperconductivity: Presented by Thejasree Prabhakaran

    Uploaded by

    Thejasreeprabhakaran
    This document provides an overview of superconductivity. It begins with an introduction and discusses the key discoveries, including the discovery of superconductivity by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. It describes the difference between normal conductivity and superconductivity. The document then explains BCS theory and the important factors that define the superconducting state, including critical temperature, critical magnetic field, and critical current density. It discusses effects like the Meissner effect and covers applications of superconductors. The document concludes by noting superconductivity is now a flourishing field that contributes advances across many domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

    Presented by
    Thejasree Prabhakaran
    CONTENT
     Introduction
     Discovery of superconductivity

     Difference between conductivity and superconductivity

     Mechanism- B C S Theory

     Important Factors to Define Superconducting State

     Effect of Critical temperature

     Effect of Critical magnetic field

     Meissner effect

     Types of superconductors

     Applications of superconductors

     Conclusion

     Reference
    INTRODUCTION
    Superconductivity is a phenomenon of
    exactly zero electrical resistance and
    expulsion of magnetic flux fields occurring in
    certain materials, called superconductors,
    When cooled below a characteristic critical
    temperature. Eg :lead, zinc, ceramics
    It was discovered by Dutch
    physicist Heike KamerlinghOnnes on
    April 8, 1911, in Leiden
    DISCOVERY OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
     Super conductivity was discovered by Heike
    KamerlinghOnnes on April 8, 1911, in Leiden.
     Super conductivity was discovered by accidently, he
    was studying about the resistivity of liquid mercury
     In 1957 Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer put forward
    satisfactory explanation on super conductivity
     Nobel prize was given to Heike KamerlinghOnnes on
    1913 in the field of super conductivity
    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONDUCTIVITY
    AND SUPER CONDUCTIVITY

     This picture shows the main difference between


    conductivity and superconductivity
    MECHANISM - B C S THEORY
     In 1957 Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer put forward
    satisfactory explanation on super conductivity it is
    known as BCS theory
     They received Nobel prize in 1972 for the
    development of the theory of superconductivity
    Assumption
     Pairs of conduction electron in the super conducting
    state of a solid form bound states
     The force of attraction that binds a pair of electron
    arises due to the interaction of electrons with the
    lattice vibrations
     The electron pairs can behave like boson and can
    condense into the lowest energy state with zero
    electrical resistance which is the basis of
    superconductivity
    IMPORTANT FACTORS TO DEFINE A
    SUPERCONDUCTING STATE
     The superconducting state is defined by three very
    important factors:
    1. Critical temperature [Tc]
    2. Critical magnetic field [Hc]
    3. Critical current density [Jc]
    Each of this parameters is very dependent on the
    other properties present
    EFFECT OF CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
     Critical temperature: The temperature below at
    which marital electrical resistivity drops to zero is
    called critical temperature
     Below critical Temperature material is said to be in
    superconducting and above this it is said to in
    normal state. Below this temperature the
    superconductor also exhibit a variety of several
    astonishing magnetic and electrical properties
    EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELD
     Critical magnetic field
    For a given temperature ,the highest
    magnetic field under which a material remains
    superconducting is known as critical field. It is
    given by the equation

    Ho – critical field at 0K
    T - Temperature below Tc
    Tc - Critical temperature
    MEISSNER EFFECT
    The complete expulsion of all magnetic field by a
    superconducting material is called meissner effect

    oNormal state T>Tc


    oSuperconducting state T<Tc
    oThe meissner effect is distinct
    characteristic of a superconductor
    from a normal perfect conductor in
    addition to this effect is exhibited
    by the superconductor material
    only when the applied field less
    than the critical field
    TYPES OF SUPERCONDUCTORS
     Superconductors are classified as soft(type 1) and
    hard(type 2) superconductor
     A superconductor which exhibits complete meissner
    effect is called type1,it has only one critical field
     A super conductor which exhibits incomplete
    meissner effect is called type2,it has two critical field
    APPLICATIONS OF SUPERCONDUCTORS

     Particle accelerator
     Generator

     Transportation

     Power Transmission

     Electric Motors

     Military

     Computing

     Medical

     B Field Direction (SQUIDS)


    SQUID
     Squid is an important application of superconductivity
     SQUID-Superconducting Quantum Interference Device

     A squid is most sensitive type of detector known to science


    CONCLUSION
    Nowadays , superconductivity is a well flourishing
    field. In addition to this ,it has emerged as a technology.
    It contributing to advances in medicine, electronics,
    astronomy, transportation and experimental science.
    I would like to thank our teacher Dr. Deepa k for
    this opportunity.
    REFERENCE
     Wikipedia
     Solid state physics by S O Piallai (book)

     Google image

     YouTube

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