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    Chemistry Investigatory Project

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    Aprameya C M
    The document describes an experiment to identify the cation and anion components present in toothpaste, including testing samples of Colgate and Miswak toothpaste. Various chemical tests were performed on the toothpaste that involved the addition of reagents to detect ions like calcium, magnesium, phosphate, carbonate, and iodide. The results determined that Colgate contains all necessary anions and cations for stronger and whiter teeth.

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    Chemistry Investigatory Project

    Uploaded by

    Aprameya C M
    388 views17 pages
    The document describes an experiment to identify the cation and anion components present in toothpaste, including testing samples of Colgate and Miswak toothpaste. Various chemical tests were performed on the toothpaste that involved the addition of reagents to detect ions like calcium, magnesium, phosphate, carbonate, and iodide. The results determined that Colgate contains all necessary anions and cations for stronger and whiter teeth.

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    project on cations and anions present in a tooth paste

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    chemistry investigatory project

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    The document describes an experiment to identify the cation and anion components present in toothpaste, including testing samples of Colgate and Miswak toothpaste. Various chemical tests were performed on the toothpaste that involved the addition of reagents to detect ions like calcium, magnesium, phosphate, carbonate, and iodide. The results determined that Colgate contains all necessary anions and cations for stronger and whiter teeth.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    388 views17 pages

    Chemistry Investigatory Project

    Uploaded by

    Aprameya C M
    The document describes an experiment to identify the cation and anion components present in toothpaste, including testing samples of Colgate and Miswak toothpaste. Various chemical tests were performed on the toothpaste that involved the addition of reagents to detect ions like calcium, magnesium, phosphate, carbonate, and iodide. The results determined that Colgate contains all necessary anions and cations for stronger and whiter teeth.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY

    PROJECT
    IDENTIFICATION OF ANIONS AND
    CATIONS PRESENT IN THE TOOTHPASTE
    Aim:-
    IDENTIFICATION OF THE
    CATIONS AND ANIONS IN
    TOOTHPASTE.
    Theory:-
    Every toothpaste contains the following
    ingredients: binders, abrasives, subsers,
    humectants, flavours, sweeteners, fluorides,
    tooth whiteners, a preservative and water.
    Binders thicken toothpaste- they prevent
    separation of the solid and liquid component,
    especially storage. They also effect the speed
    and volume of foam production, rate of flavor
    release and product dispersal, the appearance
    of toothpaste ribbon on the toothbrush. Some
    binders are gum solid alginate, methyl
    cellulose, carrageen and magnesium
    aluminium silicate.
    Identification Of Anions and
    Cations Present In The
    Toothpaste
    • ANIONS IN AN ATOM OR MOLECULE
    THAT CARRIES AN ELECTRIC CHARGE.
    CATIONS ARE POSITIVELY CHARGED
    IONS CREATED BY THE LOSS OF
    ELECTRONS.
    • TOOTHPASTE IS A PASTE OR GEL
    DENTIFRICE USED WITH A
    TOOTHBRUSH AS AN ACCESSORY TO
    CLEAN AND MAINTAIN THE AESTHETICS
    AND HEALTH OF TEETH.
    • TOOTHPASTE IS USED TO PROMOTE
    ORAL HYGIENE: IT SERVES AS AN
    ABRASIVE THAT AIDS IN REMOVINGTHE
    DENTAL PLAQUE AND FOOD FROM THE
    TEETH, ASSISTS IN SUPPRESSING
    HALITOSIS, AND DELIVERS ACTIVE
    INGREDIENTS (MOST COMMONLY
    FLUORIDE) TO HELP PREVENT TOOTH
    AND DISEASE (GINGIVITIS).
    • SALT AND SODIUM BICARBONATE
    (BAKING SODA) ARE AMONG
    MATERIALS THAT CAN BE
    SUBISTITUTED FOR COMMERCIAL
    TOOTHPASTE.
    • TOOTHPASTE IS NOT INTENDED TO BE
    SWALLOWED DUE TO THE FLOURIDE
    CONTENT, BUT IS GENERALLY NOT
    VERY HARMFUL IF ACCIDENTLY
    SWALLOWED IN SMALL AMOUNTS.
    • HOWEVER ONE SHOULD SEEK
    MEDICAL ATTENTION AFTER
    SWALOWING ABNORMALLY LARGE
    AMOUNTS
    Components Used In
    Toothpaste:-
    HClO4

    HNO3 HCl

    H2SO4 HI
    Ingridents:-
    IN ADDITION TO 20%-42% WATER,
    TOOTHPASTES ARE DERIVED FROM A
    VARIETY OF COMPONENTS, THE THREE
    MAIN ONES BEING ABRASIVES, FLUORIDE,
    AND DETERGENTS.
    Abrasives:-
    ABRASIVES CONSTITUTE AT LEAST 50% OF TYPICAL TOOTHPASTE.
    THESE INSOLUBLE PARTICLES HELP REMOVE PLAQUE FROM THE
    TEETH. THE REMOVAL OF PLAQUE AND CALCULUS HELPS MINIMIZE
    CAVITIES AND PERIDONTAL DISEASE. REPRESENT ABRASIVES
    INCLUDE PARTICLES OF ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE (Al(OH)2), CALCIUM
    CARBONATE(CaCO3),VARIOUS CALCIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATES,
    VARIOUS SILICAS AND ZEOLITES, AND HYDROXYAPATITE (Ca5(PO4)3
    OH).
    • ABRASIVES, LIKE THE DENTAL POLISHING Agents
    Used in dentists‟ Offices, also cause a Small
    Amount Of Enamel Erosion which is termed
    “polishing” action. Some BRANDS CONTAIN
    POWDERED WHITE MICA, WHICH ACTS AS A MILD
    ABRASIVE, AND ALSO ADDS A COSMETICALLY
    PLEASING GLITTERY SHIMMER TO THE PASTE.
    • THE POLISHING OF TEETH REMOVES STAINS
    FROM TOOTH SURFACES, BUT HAS NOT BEEN
    SHOWN TO IMPROVE DENTAL HEALTH OVER AND
    ABOVE THE EFFECTS OF THE REMOVAL OF
    PLAQUE AND CALCULS.
    FLUORIDES:-
    FLUORIDE IN VARIOUS FORMS IS THE MOST
    POPULAR ACTIVE INGREDIENTS IN
    TOOTHPASTE TO PREVENT CAVITIES.
    FLUORIDES OCCUR IN SMALL AMOUNT IN
    PLANTS, ANIMALS AND SOME NATURAL
    WATER SOURCES.
    THE ADDITIONAL FLUORIDES IN TOOTHPASTE
    HAS BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON THE
    FORMATION OF DENTAL ENAMEL AND BONES.
    SODIUM FLUORIDE (NaF) IS THE MOST
    COMMON SOURCE OF FLUORIDE, BUT
    STANNOUS FLUORIDE (SnF), OLAFLURS (AN
    ORGANIC SALT OF FLUORIDE), AND SODIUM
    MONOFLUROPHOSPHATE (Na2 PO3 F) ARE
    ALSO USED.
    STANNOUS FLUROIDE HAS BEEN
    SHOWN TO BE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN
    SODIUM FLUROIDE IN REDUCING THE
    INCIDENCE OF DENTAL CARIES AND
    CONTROLLING GINGIVITIS.
    Much Of The toothpaste sold in the “U.S.
    Has 1000 TO 1100 PARTS PER MILLON
    FLUROIDE.
    IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, SUCH AS
    THE UK OR GREECE, THE FLUORIDE
    CONTENT IS OFTEN HIGHER; A NaF OF
    0.312% W/W (1,450 PPM FLUORIDE) IS
    NOT UNCOMMON.
    TEST ON COLGATE
    COLOUR OF THE TOOTHPASTE:- WHITE
    EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
    TAKE A PART OF THE FORMATION OF WHITE carbonatE ION
    SOLUTION AND ADD OF PPT CONFIRMED
    MGSO4 SOLUTION.
    TAKE A PART OF FORMATION OF WHITE CaLCIUM ION
    SOLUTION AND ADD OF PPT CONFRIMED
    AMMONIUM
    HYDROXIDE(1-2ML)
    TAKE A PART OF FORMATION OF WHITE Phosphate CONFRIMED
    SOLUTION AND ADD OF PPT
    MAGNESIUM MIXTURE
    (MIXTURE OF NH4Cl
    AND NH4OH)
    ACIDIFY A PORTION OF FORMATION OF YELLOW iodide IS CONFRIMED
    AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF PPT WHICH IS
    WITH DILUTE HNO3. BOIL SOLUBLE IN ammonium
    AND COOL AND ADD hydroxide
    AgNO3
    TAKE A SMALL NO SMELL OBSERVED CH3COO- aBSENT
    QUANTITY OF SOLUTION
    AND ADD OXALIC ACID,
    THE PASTE OF IT WITH
    FEW DROPS OF WATER
    RUB AND SMELL
    TAKE ONE PART OF NO REACTION PB2+ ABSENT
    SOLUTION ADD KI

    TO ONE PART OF THE A WHITE PPT IS Mg2+ PRESENT IONS


    SOLUTION ADD SOLID FORMED.
    NH4OH IN SLIGHT
    EXCESS THEN ADD
    AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE.

    CHEMICAL REACTIONS:-
    • CO3+MgSO4→MgCO3+SO4 2- CO3+2CH3COOH→(CH3COO)2Ca+H2O
    • (CH3COO)2Ca+(NH4)2C2O4→2CHCOONH4+CaC2O4
    NaHPO4+MgCl2+NH4OH→Mg(NH4)PO4+2NaCl+H2O
    • I+AgNO3→NO3+AgI (YELLOW PPT)
    • (COOH)2+2CH3COONa→NO REACTION
    • Pb+2KI→ NO REACTION
    MgCL2+NH4OH+(NH3)2HPO4→Mg(NH4)PO4+2NH4+H2O
    TEST ON MISWAK
    COLOUR OF PASTE:- WHITE
    I+AgNO3→NO3+AgI (YELLOW PPT)
    (COOH)2+2CH3COONa→NO REACTION
    Pb+2KI→ NO REACTION
    MgCL2+NH4OH+(NH3)2HPO4→Mg(NH4)PO4+2NH4+H2O

    IONS PRESNT :-
    1. COLGATE:- Mg2+ , I- , PO4, Ca2+ , CO3 2-
    2. MESWAK:- Mg2+ , I- , PO4 , Ca2+ , CO3 2- ,
    CH3COO-
    CONCLUTION :-
    HENCE AFTER TESTING DIFFERENT
    SAMPLES OF TOOTHPASTE, WE FIND THAT
    COLGATE HAS ALL NECESSARY ANIONS
    AND CATIONS FOR STRONGER AND WHITER
    TEETH.
    SAFETY TIPS WHILE DOING THIS
    EXPERIMENT:-

    NITRIC ACID CAUSES BURNS.

    SODIUM HYDROXIDE CAN CAUSE


    BURNS AND IS DANGEROUS TO
    . THE EYES.
    AMMONIA SOLUTION CAUSES
    BURNS AND GIVES OFF AMMONIA
    VAPOURS WHICH IRRITATES THE
    EYES, LUNGS AND RESPIRATORY
    SYSTEM. WEAR EYE
    PROTECTION
    Bibliography:-
    I. NCERT CHEMISRTY
    II. PRADEEP’S CHEMISTRY
    III. GOOGLE
    IV. WIKIPEDIA

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