Detailed Lesson Plan in TLE

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PINOY HENYO

BAKING INGREDIENTS

Purpose and Functions


FLOUR
Flour holds ingredients
together in baking. When
flour protein is combined
with moisture and heat, it
develops into gluten.
Different types of flour
have different levels of
protein, which are
suitable for various baked
goods
BAKING
POWDER
Made from cream of
tartar and starch,
baking powder is
leavening agent,
which uses your batter
to rise. It has a built-in
acidic ingredient, so
you don’t need to
add anything else
(unlike with baking
soda).
BAKING
SODA
Baking soda is pure
sodium bicarbonate,
and needs to be
paired with an acidic
ingredient like honey,
chocolate, or yogurt.
BUTTER
As a solid fat, butter is
better suited for
baking than any other
fat product. Butter in
particular adds flavor,
with a melting point
just below body
temperature, which is
why some cookies
and baked goods
tend to “melt in your
mouth”
CORN
STARCH
Is usually either a
thickener or a binder,
but can also be an
anti-caking agent. It’s
great to use in gluten-
free cooking instead
of flour to thicken
sauces, custards or
cake fillings.
EGGS
Eggs do a lot in
baking, but most
importantly they’re
leavening agent
(adding volume), and
are binder. You can
use the whole egg for
flavor, binding,
thickening or glazing.
You can use the egg
whites and egg yolks
for separate things.
SALT
It helps preserve the
color and flavor of
flour. In bread, it
controls of the
fermentation rate of
yeast and strengthens
the gluten protein in
dough.
SHORTENING
Shortening is just 100%
solid fat made from
vegetable oils. When you
use shortening instead of
butter in baking, you’ll get
a softer and more tender
though taller and less
flavorful product.
SUGAR
Sugar adds texture,
keeping baked foods
soft and moist. It is also
a leavening agent
though working
conjunction with fat,
eggs and liquid
ingredients. Sugar
sweetens by
caramelizing in the
recipe and adds that
crunch to the crusts of
cakes and cookies.
LIQUIDS
Liquids are necessary
in baked goods for
hydrating protein,
starch and leavening
agents. When
hydration occurs
water is absorbed
and the chemical
changes necessary
for structure and
texture development
can take place.
JUICE
Juice from citrus or
other fruits, may be
used as the liquid in a
recipe if water is
specified. Because
fruit juices are acidic,
they are probably
best used in baked
products that have
baking soda as an
ingredient.
MILK
Milk contributes water
and valuable nutrients
to baked goods. It
helps browning to
occur and adds
flavor.
WATER
Is usually discussed in bread
making; taste, chemical
composition, and mineral
composition of water an affect
fermentation in bread baking. Next
to flour in baked foods, water is the
most important ingredient in
baking. Water usually comes from
local, drinkable source, providing
tap water. upon adding water to a
recipe, it hydrates the starch
particles, the dough is initially
formed, and it begins to hydrate
the gluten proteins found in wheat
flour, where gluten is formed when

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