K.

S INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
K.S INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BENGALURU-560109
(Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi & Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
Department Of Mechanical Engineering

INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION
HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED
(OVERALL DIVISION)
SUBMITTED BY :

VEERESH M
1KS16ME434
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
K.S.I.T
 CONTENTS
 ABOUT THE COMPANY

 DEPARTMENTS VISITED

 SPECIFIC TECHINICAL IN AIRCRAFT

 CONCLUSION
ABOUT THE COMPANY
HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED

 The company which had its origin as the Hindustan Aircraft Company was
incorporated on 23 Dec 1940 at Bangalore by Shri Walchand Hirachand.
 The company is engaged in design, development and manufacture of military and
civil aircraft .Here integrated air borne weapon platforms are also developed and
serviced.

OVERHAUL DIVISION BANGALORE

 Overhaul Division, one of the oldest Divisions of HAL was established in December
1940, has been involved from early days in the growth of aircraft industry in India.
Between 1942 and 1945I have done my internship training in Aircraft Division (HAL)
 DEPARTMENTS VISITED

1. Accessories department 1. KIRAN MARK 1 AIRCRAFT HANGER

2. Electrical department 2. HAWK AIRCRAFT HANGER
3. Oxygen department 3. MIRAJ AIRCRAFT HANGER
4. Seat and safty 4. JAGUR AIRCRAFTHANGER
5. Landing gear
Oxygen system in aircraft
 It is composed principally of 78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen. The
remaining 1 percent is made up of various gases in smaller quantities
 Aircraft Oxygen Systems The negative effects of reduced atmospheric
pressure at flight altitudes, forcing less oxygen into the blood, can be
overcome. There are two ways this is commonly done: increase the pressure
of the oxygen or increase the quantity of oxygen in the air mixture
 Large transport-category and high performance passenger aircraft pressurize
the air in the cabin. This serves to push more of the normal 21 percent
oxygen found in the air into the blood for saturation
Gaseous oxygen

 Forms of Oxygen atmospheric temperatures and pressures and Characteristics

Gaseous Oxygen Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas at normal
 It transforms into a liquid at –183 °C (its boiling point). Oxygen combines
readily with most elements and numerous compounds. This combining is
called oxidation. Typically, oxidation produces heat.
 Production of gaseous oxygen for commercial or aircraft cylinders is often
through a process of liquefying air. By controlling temperature and pressure,
the nitrogen in the air can be allowed to boil off leaving mostly pure oxygen
Equipping
.
Liquid oxygen
 (LOX) is a pale blue, transparent liquid. Oxygen can be made liquid by
lowering the temperature to below –183 °C or by placing gaseous oxygen
under pressure. A combination of these is accomplished with a Dewar bottle
 This special container is used to store and transport liquid 16-5 Figure 16-5. A
portable pulse-type oximeter displays percentage of oxygen saturation of the
blood and heart rate. Pilots can adjust oxygen supply levels to maintain
saturation and avoid hypoxia
Ejection seat

 In aircraft, an ejection seat or ejector seat is a system designed to rescue

the pilot or other crew of an aircraft (usually military) in an emergency.
 In most designs, the seat is propelled out of the aircraft by an explosive
charge or rocket motor, carrying the pilot with it.
 The concept of an ejectable escape crew capsule has also been tried. Once
clear of the aircraft, the ejection seat deploys a parachute. Ejection seats are
common on certain types of military aircraft.
EJECTION-SEAT TERMS

 Bucket - This is the lower part of the ejection seat that contains the survival
equipment.
 Canopy - This is the clear cover that encapsulates the cockpit of some planes;
it is often seen on military fighter jets.
 Catapult - Most ejections are initiated with this ballistic cartridge.
 Drogue parachute - This small parachute is deployed prior to the main
parachute; it designed to slow the ejection seat after exiting the aircraft. A
drogue parachute in an ACES II ejection seat has a 5-foot (1.5-m) diameter.
Others may be less than 2 feet (0.6 m) in diameter.
 Face curtain - Attached to the top of some seats, pilots pull this curtain
down to cover his or her face from debris. This curtain also holds the pilot's
head still during ejection.
 Recovery sequencer - This is the electronic device that controls the
sequence of events during ejection.
 Rocket catapult - This is a combination of a ballistic catapult and an
underseat rocket unit.
Parts of ejection seat
 COMPLETE SURVIVAL KITS ARE IN THE AIRCRAFT
 Flashlight & spare batteries
 Aircrew Survival Knife (6” blade)
 Additional water (12 oz.)
 Additional high energy food bars
 Portable Aircraft radio
 Hand held GPS Receiver
 Cell Phone & spare battery
 Air Sickness bags
 Aspirin, bandaids, etc
Landing gear system

 Landing gear is the undercarriage of an aircraft or spacecraft  and may be

used for either take of or landing.
 For aircraft it is generally both. For aircraft, the landing gear supports the
craft when it is not flying, allowing it to take off, land, and taxi without
damage. Wheels are typically used but skids, skis, floats or a combination of
these and other elements can be deployed depending both on the surface and
on whether the craft only operates vertically (VTOL) or is able to taxi along
the surface.
 Faster aircraft usually have retractable undercarriages, which fold away
during flight to reduce air resistance or drag.
  In landing gear department they disassemble all parts of landing gears and
check weather parts are working properly are not and remove the hydraulic
oil and refill oil to hydraulic reservoir.
 Hydraulic tests are conducted in hydraulic test rig. bearing tests are
conducted in bearing test rig.
  
Part of landing gear
Parts of landing gear
Air brake parachutes
1. A drogue parachute is a parachute designed to be deployed from a rapidly moving object
in order to slow the object, or to provide control and stability, or as a pilot parachute to
deploy a larger parachute.

2. A drogue parachute is more elongated and has a far smaller area than a conventional
parachute, and thus provides less drag. This means that a drogue parachute cannot slow
an object as much as a conventional parachute, but it can be deployed at speeds at which
conventional parachutes would be torn apart. Drogue parachutes are sometimes used to
deploy a main or reserve
Air brake parachutes
HawkAircraft

 Hawk is a British single-engine, jet-powered advanced trainer aircraft. It was

first flown at Dunsfold, Surrey, in 1974 as the Hawker Siddeley Hawk
 The Hawk is an advanced trainer with a two-man tandem cockpit, a low-
mounted cantilever wing and is powered by a single turbofan engine. Unlike
many of the previous trainers in RAF service, the Hawk was specifically
designed for training. Hawker had developed the aircraft to have a high level
of serviceability as well as lower purchasing and operating costs than previous
trainers like the Jet Provost The Hawk has been praised by pilots for its
agility, in particular its roll and turn handling.

 Advanced Hawk will enable training currently performed on frontline fighter

aircraft to be delivered on this updated aircraft.
 The Hawk is still in production in the UK and under licence in India
by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) with over 900 Hawks sold to 18
operators around the world.
 Kiran MK1
 Indian two-seat intermediate jet trainer built by Hindustan Aeronautics
Limited. Used by the Indian Air Force for intermediate training for pilots
trained on the HPT-32 Deepak.
 It is used by the Indian Air Forceaerobatic team Surya Kiran until February
2011, when the team was disbanded after its HJT-16 Mk I and Mk II aircraft
were diverted to train fighter pilots. The Defence Ministry is expected to
place an order for 20 Hawk Mk132 aircraft with HAL in late 2015 to give the
Surya Kiran dedicated aircraft.
 A particular difficulty faced by the team was the side-by-side seating
arrangement in the Kiran cockpits. 
 The members flying to the left of the leader have to fly from the right seat,
whereas the left seat is the master seat. Therefore, some aircraft have been
modified to fly solo from the right seat. In unmodified aircraft, the pilot
flying on the left of the leader has to fly in two pilot configuration.
Mirage aircraft-2000

 The Dassault Mirage 2000 is a French multirole, single-engine fourth-

generation jet fighter manufactured by Dassault Aviation.
 It was designed in the late 1970s as a lightweight fighter to replace
the Mirage III for the French Air Force  The Mirage 2000 evolved into a
multirole aircraft with several variants developed, with sales to a number of
nations.
 It was later developed into the Mirage 2000N and 2000D strike variants, the
improved Mirage 2000-5 and several export variants. Over 600 aircraft were
built and it has been in service with nine nations

 the Mirage 2000N operated by the French Air Force, is a two-seater air-to-
ground attack aircraft. The Mirage 2000D tactical penetration two-seater
fighter carries air-to-ground high precision weapons which can be fired at a
safe distance, by day or by night. Its navigation and attack system enable it
to fly in any weather conditions
SEPECAT JAGUAR 
 The SEPECAT Jaguar is a British-French jet attack aircraft originally used by
the British Royal Air Force and the French Air Force 
 The Jaguar was exported to India, Oman, Ecuador and Nigeria. With various
air forces, the Jaguar was used in numerous conflicts and military operations
 The Jaguar was exported to India, Oman, Ecuador and Nigeria. With various
air forces, the Jaguar was used in numerous conflicts and military operations
JAGUAR AIRCRAFT
 CONCLUSION
 Since its inception in 1940, the company has grown into a giant aviation
complex spread all over India and employing a versatile work force of trained,
highly skilled & experienced persons. It enjoys a monopoly in India.

 I am grateful to have been able to get the opportunity to pursue my industrial

training at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. I had a good learning experience at
HAL.I was introduced some state of technologies that are used to
manufacture our defence aircrafts. I learnt various manufacturing techniques
that are used in production, how materials are treated based on their role
and finally how assemblies of aircraft are done.
 THANK
YOU