8a. Differentiation of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions With Solutions
8a. Differentiation of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions With Solutions
8a. Differentiation of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions With Solutions
Lesson 6
EXPONENTIAL and
LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVES:
- to differentiate and simplify exponential and logarithmic
functions using the properties of logarithm and exponents,
and
- to apply logarithmic differentiation for complicated
functions and functions with variable base and exponent.
.
1. a m a n a m n
a mn
8. a log a x x
, if mn
am
2.
an
1 , if mn 9. if a x a y then x y
1
, if mn
a n-m
3. a m a mn
n
4. ab n a nb n
n an
a
5. n
b b
6. a0 1 , provided a 0
1 n
m 1 n
7. a m n a
a m
DIFFERENTIATION
FORMULA
Derivative of Exponential Function
The derivative of the exponential function for any
given base and any differentiable function of u.
For base e :
d u du
( e ) eu ; where u f(x)
dx dx
A. Find the derivative of each of the following natural and simplify the
result:
The Logarithmic Functions
• A logarithmic function with the base a, a>0 and a1 is
defined by
y log a x if and only if x a y
Logarithmic form y log a x
Exponential form x a y
EXAMPLE
Logarithmic Form Exponential Form
1
log16 4 1 / 2 4 16 2
log 2 8 3 8 23
SOME LOGARITHMS OF KNOWN BASES:
NATURAL LOGARITHMS
Logarithms to the base e = 2.718 are called natural
logarithms (from the Latin word Logarithmic
Naturalis or Napieran logarithms).
log e x ln x
COMMON LOGARITHMS
Logarithms to the base 10 are called common
logarithms.
log 10 x log x
For positive numbers M , N , p, and a 1
1. log a MN log a M log a N
Note : log a M N log a M log a N not distributive
M
2. log a log a M log a N
N
M log a M
Note : log a not a quotient of 2 logarithms
N log a N
3. log a N p plog a N
1
p 1
4. log a N log a N log a N
p
5. log a 1 0
p
6. log a a 1 7. log a a p p
8. If log a x log a y , then x y
DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA
Derivative of Logarithmic Function
The derivative of the logarithmic function for any
given base and any differentiable function of u
For base e :
d 1 du
(log e u ) log e e but log e e 1 and log e u ln u
dx u dx
d 1 du
(ln u ) ; where u f(x)
dx u dx
A. Find the derivative of each of the following natural logarithmic functions and
simplify the result:
B. Differentiate the following logarithmic functions.
Logarithmic Differentiation