Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy of Pakistan
Overview 1/2
 Pakistan is the second largest Muslim country (after Indonesia),
 Being only Muslim country that have nuclear power, plays a part in its
international role.
 Pakistan has a fierce independent foreign policy, especially when it comes to
issues such as development of nuclear weapons, foreign military purchases
and other issues that are vital to its national interests.
 Pakistan is a strategically located country at the mouth of the most frequented
trade and oil route of Persian Gulf and opening to the Indian Ocean,
– surrounded by some of the front line and most talked about countries like
China in the north, India in the east, Iran and Afghanistan in west and
north-west.
– and has close proximity to the resource and oil rich central Asian countries
 The sea and land component add to the importance of Pakistan not only in the
region, but in international relations and trade as well.
Overview 2/2
 The world's eighth-largest standing military force.
 Pakistan 's foreign policy is guided by its history, geographical
location and the aspiration of its people.
 Pakistan's role in the war against terror has brought it in the
forefronts of world politics.
 This leaves China to be the only trusted ally of Pakistan in the
region since its independence
FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN
Definition
“The external policy of an independent, sovereign state which it pursues in its
relations with other nations of the world in order to seek its national interest.”
“The external policy of the state which it pursues to preserve its ideological
character, safeguard its territorial integrity, maintain its political sovereignty and
guarantee its economic well being”
4
GUIDING PRINCIPLES 1/2
• “Our foreign policy is one of friendliness and goodwill towards all the nations of
the world. We do not cherish aggressive designs against any country or nation. We
believe in the principle of honesty and fair play in national and international
dealings and are prepared to make our utmost contribution to the promotion of
peace and prosperity among the nations of the world. Pakistan will never be found
lacking in extending its material and moral support to the oppressed and
suppressed peoples of the world, and in upholding the principles of the United
Nations Charter”
5
GUIDING PRINCIPLES 2/2
• Article 40 of Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan also outlines a number of

principles.
“The State shall endeavour to preserve and strengthen fraternal relations among
Muslim countries based on Islamic unity, support the common interests of the
people of Asia, Africa and Latin America, promote international peace and security,
foster goodwill and friendly relations among all nations and encourage the
settlement of international disputes by peaceful means.”
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OBJECTIVES
1. National Security.
2. Territorial Integrity.
3. Economic well being/Interest
4. National prestige.
5. Islamic Solidarity
6. Peaceful Co-existence
7. Non Alignment
8. Bilateralism
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DETERMINENTS
1. Geo-Political Settings.
2. Historical Legacies and Past Traditions.
3. Socio-Economic Condition.
4. Political Systems and Structure.
5. Ideological Considerations.
6. Decision Makers Dream, Images and Motives.
7. External Environment.
8. Power Considerations.
9. National Interest.
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ELEMENTS AFFECTING
FOREIGN POLICY
 Technology leaves impact on foreign policy.

 The national capacity of a state also exercises profound influence on the foreign policy
of state.
 The social structure of a society also exercise profound influence on its foreign policy.
 Public opinion is another important element of country’s foreign policy.
 The political organization found in a country also greatly influences the foreign policy.
For example under authoritarian systems quick foreign policy decisions are taken.
 The press also plays a vital role in foreign policy formulation process.
 The nature of political accountability prevailing in a system also greatly influence the
foreign policy of the state.
9
ELEMENTS AFFECTING
FOREIGN POLICY
 The leadership also plays a vital role in the shaping of a country’s foreign policy.
 The great power structure prevailing in the world politics also greatly influence
the policy of a country.
 While making foreign policy the state has to take note of the international law,
treaties and contracts.
 While formulating its foreign policy a country has to take note of the reaction of
other states to its various actions.
 Alliances concluded by various states also greatly influence the foreign policy.
 The world public opinion also influences the state’s foreign policy.
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PHASES 1/2
Phase-I 1947-53 (The Era of Neutrality)

Phase-II 1954-62 (The Era of Alignment)
(1)Pak-US Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement.
(2)South-East Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO)
(3)Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)
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PHASES 2/2
Phase-III1963-77 (The Era of Bilateralism)

Phase-IV1978-89 (The Era of Non Alignment)
Phase-V 1999 Onwards (Quest for Multilateral Foreign Policy)
Restructuring of Foreign Policy.
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ESSENCE OF FOREIGN POLICY
 Develop friendly relations with all countries particularly the Muslim world, major powers
and immediate neighbors;
 Safeguard vital security and geo-strategic interests of Pakistan ;
 Resolve the core issue of Jammu and Kashmir in accordance with the resolutions of the
UN Security Council and wishes of the Kashmiri people;
 Promote the image of Pakistan as a strong, dynamic, progressive, moderate and
democratic Islamic country;
 Augment economic and commercial interests abroad; and
 Protect the interests of Pakistan 's expatriate community abroad.
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Foreign Policy

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Foreign Policy

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Foreign Policy of Pakistan

• Article 40 of Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan also outlines a number of

 Technology leaves impact on foreign policy.

Phase-I 1947-53 (The Era of Neutrality)

Phase-III1963-77 (The Era of Bilateralism)

Restructuring of Foreign Policy.

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