3.0 Conic Sections Ellipses FCIT Compat

JOVIC G.
RULLEPA
July, 2018
 Review: The geometric definition relies on a
cone and a plane intersecting it
 Algebraic definition: a set of points in the

plane such that the sum of the distances from
two fixed points, called foci, remains constant.
At your table is paper, corkboard, string, and
tacks.
Follow the directions on your handout to
complete the activity.
Ellipse
 Ellipse is a defined as a locus of points whose
distance from the focus is proportional to the
horizontal distance from a directrix, where the ratio is
less than 1. This ratio is called the eccentricity of the
ellipse. The center of the ellipse is the intersection of
the major axis and the minor axis. The line that passes
through both foci is an axis of symmetry and meets at
two points called the vertices. The line joining the
vertices and the foci is called the major axis (traverse
axis) and has a length of 2a. the number a is called
the semi-major axis of the ellipse.
 On the other hand, the line segment which is
perpendicular bisector of the major axis is called the
minor axis (conjugate axis) with a length of 2b, thus
b is called the semi-minor axis of the ellipse.
 Directrix is the line such that the ratio of distance of
the points on the conic section from the focus to its
distance from the directrix is constant. Latus rectum
(plural latera recta) is the chord that passes through
the focus, and is perpendicular to the major axis and
has both endpoints on the curve. The length of the
latus rectum of an ellipse is twice the square of the
minor axis divided by the length of the major axis .
(2b2/a)
Parts of an Ellipse
Properties of the Ellipse
 The length of the major axis is 2a.

 The length of the minor axis is 2b.
 The length of the latus rectum is LR = (2b2/a)
 The center is the intersection of the axes.
 The endpoints of the major axis are called the vertices.
 The endpoints of the minor axis are called the co-
vertices.
 The line segment joining the vertices is called the major
axis.
 The line segment joining the co-vertices is called the
minor axis.
 The eccentricity of the ellipse is 0 < e < 1. (e =c/a)
General and Standard Equation of an
Ellipse
Let’s Try This!
1. Convert the following equations into

standard form.
a. x2 + 4y2 = 16
b. 9x2 + y2 -72x – 24y + 144 = 0
2. Convert the following equations into
`
general form.
a. b.
Ellipse with Center at the Origin
How to Sketch the Graph:
1. Convert the equation into standard form.

2. Plot the center.
3. Find the coordinate of the vertices.
4. Find the coordinate of the co-vertices.
`
5.Solve for the value of c.

6. Find the coordinate of the foci.
7. Find the length of Latus Rectum (Latera
Recta).
How to Sketch the Graph:
8. Find the coordinates of the endpoints of

Latera Recta.
9. Determine the axis of symmetry.
10. Determine the length of major axis.
11. Determine the length of minor axis.
`
12. Find the axis of symmetry.

Examples
1. Sketch and discuss 4x2 + 9y2 = 36.

2. Sketch and discuss 25x2 + 9y2 = 225
`
Example 1. Sketch and discuss 4x2 + 9y2 = 36.
a2 = 9  a = 3
4x + 9y = 36
2 2
Since the longer
36 36
axis is under x2,
x2 + y 2 = 1
therefore the major
9 4
axis is on x-axis
Center is at (0,0)
and the minor axis
is on y-axis.
Vertices are at
(3,0) and (-3,0)
c2 = a2 – b2
b =4b=2
2
c2 = 32 – 22
c2 = 9 – 4
Co-vertices are at
c2 = 5
(0,2) and (0,-2)
c = sqrt(5)
Foci are at (√5,0)
and (-√5,0)
1. Sketch and discuss 4x2 + 9y2 = 144.
Length of Latus Rectum: Length Major Axis:
2a = 2(3) = 6
LR = 2b2 = 2(2)2 = 8
a 3 3
Length Minor Axis:
To find the ends of latera
2b = 2(2) = 4
recta, get ½ of latus rectum
to be added on the y-
coordinates of the foci. Axis of Symmetry
is along x - axis
½ LR = ½ (8/3) = 4/3
Directrices:
E1 = (√5, 4/3)
E2 = (√5, - 4/3) x = a2/c = 32/√5
E3 = (-√5, 4/3) x = 9/√5
E4 = (-√5, - 4/3) x = 9/√5 and x = -9/√5
Eccentricity:
e = c/a = √5/3
Ellipse with Center at (h,k)
Endpoints of
Standard Equation Foci Vertices Co-Vertices Directrix
Latus Rectum
E1(h+c, k+ b2/a)
F1(h+c, k) V1(h+a, k) B1(h, k+b) E2(h+c, k-b2/a)
x = h  a2/c
F2(h-c, k) V2(h-a, k) B2(h, k-b) E3(h-c, k+b2/a)
E4(h-c, k-b2/a)
E1(h+b2/a, k+c)
F1(h, k+c) V1(h, k+a) B1(h+b, k) E2(h+b2/a, k-c)
y = k  a2/c
F2(h, k-c) V2(h, k-a) B2(h-b, k) E3(h-b2/a, k+c)
E4(h-b2/a, k-c)
Sketch and discuss 36x2 + 100y2 – 72x + 200y – 3,464 = 0.
a2 = 100  a = 10 Vertices are at

36(x -1) + 100(y + 1) = 3600
2 2
(1+10,-1) or
Since the longer
3600 3600 (11,-1)
axis is under x2,
(x - 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 1 and
therefore the major
100 36 (1-10, -1) or
axis is on
Center is at (1, -1) (-9, -1)
horizontal position
c2 = a2 – b2
b = 36  b = 6
2
c2 =100 – 36
c2 = 64
Co-vertices are at
c=8
(1, -1+6) or (1,5)
and Foci are at
(1, -1-6) or (1,-7) (1+8,-1) or (9, -1)
and
(1-8, -1) or (-7, -1)
Sketch and discuss 36x2 + 100y2 – 72x + 200y – 3,464 = 0.
Length of Latus Rectum: Length Major Axis:
LR = 2b2 = 2(6)2 = 7.2 2a = 2(10) = 20

a 10
To find the ends of latera Length Minor Axis:
recta, get ½ of latus rectum 2b = 2(6) = 12
to be added on the y-
coordinates of the foci.
Axis of Symmetry
½ LR = ½ (7.2) = 3.6 is along y = -1
Directrices:
E1 = (9, 2.6)
E2 = (9, - 4.6) x = ha2/c = 1102/8
E3 = (-7, 2.6) x = 1 12.5
E4 = (-7, -4.6) x = 13.5 and x = -11.5
Eccentricity:
e = c/a = 8/10 = 0.8
Question #1: Find the equation of the ellipse with
center at (-4, 7), a focus at
(-4,11) and a vertex at (-4, 12). Identify the parts
of the ellipse and sketch the graph.
Question #2: Find the equation of the ellipse with

center at (2, -3), vertices at (7, -3) and
(-3, -3), and eccentricity of 3/5. Identify the parts
of the ellipse and sketch the graph.
Given the following information, write the
equation of the ellipse. Sketch and find the
foci.
Center is (4,-3), the major axis is vertical and
has a length of 12, and the minor axis has a
length of 8.
Problem #1: An arch on the form of a semi-ellipse is
fifty feet wide at the base and has a height of 16
feet. How wide is the arch at the height 8 feet above
the base?
Problem #2: A bridge is supported on an elliptical

arch of height of seven meters and width at the base
of 40 meters. A horizontal roadway is 2 meters
above the center of the arch. How far is it above the
arch at 8 meters from the center?
Problem #3: A lithotripter is formed by rotating the
portion of an ellipse below the minor axis around
the major axis. The lithotripter is 24 cm wide and 15
cm deep. If the ultrasound source is positioned at
one focus and the kidney stone at the other focus of
the ellipse, then all the sound waves will pass
through the kidney stone. How far from the kidney
stone should the base point of the lithotripter be
positioned to focus the sound waves on the kidney
stone?

3.0 Conic Sections Ellipses FCIT Compat

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

3.0 Conic Sections Ellipses FCIT Compat

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

3.0 Conic Sections Ellipses FCIT Compat

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

JOVIC G.

 Algebraic definition: a set of points in the

 The length of the major axis is 2a.

1. Convert the following equations into

1. Convert the equation into standard form.

5.Solve for the value of c.

8. Find the coordinates of the endpoints of

12. Find the axis of symmetry.

1. Sketch and discuss 4x2 + 9y2 = 36.

a2 = 100  a = 10 Vertices are at

LR = 2b2 = 2(6)2 = 7.2 2a = 2(10) = 20

Question #2: Find the equation of the ellipse with

Problem #2: A bridge is supported on an elliptical

You might also like